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Income Tax
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Text block [abstract]  
Income Tax
26.
INCOME TAX
The Company and its subsidiaries, ASE, SPIL and USIINC, have filed a consolidated tax return for corporate income tax and for unappropriated earnings.
 
  a.
Income tax recognized in profit or loss
The major components of income tax were as follows:
 
   
For the Year Ended December 31
  
   
2022
    
2023
    
2024
  
   
NT$
    
NT$
    
 NT$ 
    
US$ (Note 4)
  
Current income tax
        
In respect of the current year
  
$
16,251,844
 
  
$
  10,117,252
 
  
$
  9,812,221
 
  
$
  299,244
 
Income tax on unappropriated earnings
  
 
844,855
 
  
 
(3,449,958
) 
  
 
250,421
 
  
 
7,637
 
Changes in estimate for prior years
  
 
(211,631
) 
  
 
(67,074
) 
  
 
(453,274
) 
  
 
(13,823
)
 
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
  
 
 
16,885,068
 
  
 
6,600,220
 
  
 
9,609,368
 
  
 
293,058
 
 
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
  
Deferred income tax
        
In respect of the current year
  
 
185,726
 
  
 
(1,352,999
) 
  
 
(1,568,365
) 
  
 
(47,831
) 
Changes in tax rates
  
 
(4,425
) 
  
 
2,763
 
  
 
(25,229
) 
  
 
(769
) 
Changes in estimate for prior years
  
 
2,481
 
  
 
35,465
 
  
 
(60,902
) 
  
 
(1,857
) 
Effect of foreign currency exchange differences
  
 
76,684
 
  
 
18,514
 
  
 
(38,409
) 
  
 
(1,172
)
 
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
  
 
 
260,466
 
  
 
(1,296,257
) 
  
 
(1,692,905
) 
  
 
(51,629
)
 
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
  
Income tax expense recognized in profit or loss
  
$
  17,145,534
 
  
$
5,303,963
 
  
$
7,916,463
 
  
$
241,429
 
 
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
  
A reconciliation of income tax expense calculated at the statutory rates and income tax expense recognized in profit or loss was as follows:
 
 
 
For the Year Ended December 31
 
 
 
2022
 
 
2023
 
 
2024
 
 
 
NT$
 
 
NT$
 
 
NT$
 
 
US$ (Note 4)
 
Profit before income tax
  
$
  81,763,628
 
  
$
  42,611,823
 
  
$
41,733,373
 
  
$
1,272,747
 
 
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
  
Income tax expense calculated at the statutory rates
  
$
35,906,719
 
  
$
18,763,311
 
  
$
18,877,355
 
  
$
575,704
 
Nontaxable expense (income) in determining taxable income
  
 
(177,734
) 
  
 
1,132,092
 
  
 
668,184
 
  
 
20,378
 
Tax-exempt income
  
 
(14,789,999
) 
  
 
(7,369,986
) 
  
 
(7,727,576
)
 
  
 
(235,669
)
 
 
   
For the Year Ended December 31
  
   
2022
    
2023
    
2024
  
   
NT$
    
NT$
    
NT$
    
US$ (Note 4)
  
Additional income tax on unappropriated earnings
  
$
844,855
 
  
$
(3,449,958
) 
  
$
250,421
 
  
$
7,637
 
Income tax credits
  
 
(2,514,002
) 
  
 
(1,921,721
) 
  
 
(2,250,870
) 
  
 
(68,645
) 
The origination and reversal of temporary differences
  
 
1,304,931
 
  
 
69,767
 
  
 
(251,896
) 
  
 
(7,682
) 
Income tax adjustments on prior years
  
 
(209,150
) 
  
 
(31,609
) 
  
 
(514,176
) 
  
 
(15,681
) 
Unrecognized deferred tax liability for temporary differences associated with investments
  
 
(3,523,716
) 
  
 
(2,557,436
) 
  
 
(1,996,092
) 
  
 
(60,875
) 
Unrecognized loss carryforwards
  
 
271,730
 
  
 
455,437
 
  
 
746,146
 
  
 
22,755
 
Withholding tax
  
 
31,900
 
  
 
12,433
 
  
 
14,843
 
  
 
453
 
Land value increment tax
  
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
  
 
19,604
 
  
 
598
 
House and land transactions income tax
  
 
-
 
  
 
201,633
 
  
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
Others
  
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
  
 
80,520
 
  
 
2,456
 
 
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
  
Income tax expense recognized in profit or loss
  
$
17,145,534
 
  
$
  5,303,963
 
  
$
  7,916,463
 
  
$
   241,429
 
 
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
  
 
  b.
Income tax recognized in other comprehensive income
 
 
  
For the Year Ended December 31
 
 
  
2022
 
 
2023
 
 
2024
 
 
  
NT$
 
 
NT$
 
 
NT$
 
 
US$ (Note 4)
 
Deferred income tax
  
 
    
 
 
 
    
 
 
 
    
 
 
 
    
 
Related to remeasurement of defined benefit plans
   
$
(208,482
) 
  
$
(2,214
) 
  
$
(62,184
) 
  
$
(1,896
) 
Unrealized gain (loss) on equity instruments at fair value through other comprehensive income
   
 
370,091
  
  
 
(262,404
)  
  
 
(22,288
)  
  
 
(680
)  
Unrealized loss on debt instruments at fair value through other comprehensive income
   
 
-
 
  
 
(5,792
) 
  
 
2,315
 
  
 
71
 
  
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
  
Income tax recognized in other comprehensive income
   
$
   161,609
  
  
$
   (270,410
) 
  
$
 (82,157
)
  
$
 (2,505
)
  
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
  
 
  d.
Current tax assets and liabilities
 
         
December 31
  
         
2023

(Retrospectively
Adjusted)
    
2024
  
   
     
    
NT$
    
NT$
    
US$ (Note 4)
  
Current tax assets
        
Tax refund receivable
    
$
   363,226
 
  
$
    548,905
 
  
$
      16,740
 
 
   
December 31
  
   
2023

(Retrospectively
Adjusted)
    
2024
  
   
NT$
    
NT$
    
US$ (Note 4)
  
Prepaid income tax
  
$
512,372
 
  
$
182,923
 
  
$
5,579
 
 
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
  
 
$
875,598
 
  
$
731,828
 
  
$
22,319
 
 
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
  
Current tax liabilities
      
Income tax payable
  
$
  9,649,556
 
  
$
  8,888,506
 
  
$
   271,074
 
 
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
  
 
  e.
Deferred tax assets and liabilities
The Group offset certain deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities which met the offset criteria.
The movements of deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities were as follows:
For the year ended December 31, 2022
 
    
Balance at
January 1
     
Recognized in
Profit or Loss
    
Recognized

in Other
Comprehensive
Income
    
Exchange
Differences
     
Balance at
December 31
  
    
NT$
     
NT$
    
NT$
    
NT$
     
NT$
  
Deferred tax assets
             
Temporary differences
             
Property, plant and equipment
    $ 90,977      $ 40,498     $ -     $ 16,953      $ 148,428  
Defined benefit obligation
      1,188,153        (123,878 )      (208,482 )      6,641        862,434  
FVTPL financial instruments
      189,350        18,192       -       252        207,794  
Others
      2,870,714        718,909       -       179,881        3,769,504  
  
 
 
     
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
     
 
 
  
     4,339,194        653,721       (208,482 )      203,727        4,988,160  
Loss carry-forward
      638,782        (166,121 )      -       22,824        495,485  
Investment credits
      391,034        452,656       -       14,437        858,127  
  
 
 
     
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
     
 
 
  
   $ 5,369,010      $ 940,256     $ (208,482 )    $ 240,988      $ 6,341,772  
  
 
 
     
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
     
 
 
  
Deferred tax liabilities
             
Temporary differences
             
Property, plant and equipment
    $ 5,916,744      $ 63,813     $ -     $ 57,701      $ 6,038,258  
FVTPL financial instruments
      12,580        519,142       -       89        531,811  
Others
      1,660,873        617,767       (370,091 )      106,514        2,015,063  
  
 
 
     
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
     
 
 
  
   $  7,590,197      $  1,200,722     $  (370,091 )    $  164,304      $  8,585,132  
  
 
 
     
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
     
 
 
  
For the year ended December 31, 2023
(Retrospectively Adjusted)
 
 
  
Balance at
January 1
 
  
Acquisitions
through
Business
Combinations
 
  
Recognized
in Profit or
Loss
 
 
Recognized

in Other
Comprehensive
Income
 
 
Exchange
Differences
 
 
Balance at
December 31
 
 
  
NT$
 
  
NT$
 
  
NT$
 
 
NT$
 
 
NT$
 
 
NT$
 
Deferred tax assets
                                                                           
Temporary differences
  
 
       
 
  
 
      
 
  
 
       
 
 
 
        
 
 
 
       
 
 
 
       
 
Property, plant and equipment
    $ 148,428      $ -      $ 110,253     $ -     $ 7,483     $ 266,164  
Defined benefit obligation
      862,434        -        (68,968 )      (4,844 )      30,685       819,307  
FVTPL financial instruments
      207,794        -        43,792       -       304       251,890  
Others
      3,769,504        893        316,527       -       95,392       4,182,316  
  
 
 
     
 
 
     
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
  
     4,988,160        893        401,604       (4,844 )      133,864       5,519,677  
Loss carry-forward
      495,485        -        56,005       -       3,807       555,297  
Investment credits
      858,127        -        (522,852 )      -       (14,654 )      320,621  
  
 
 
     
 
 
     
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
  
   $  6,341,772      $ 893      $ (65,243 )    $ (4,844 )    $ 123,017     $ 6,395,595  
  
 
 
     
 
 
     
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
Balance at
January 1
 
  
Acquisitions
through
Business
Combinations
 
  
Recognized
in Profit or
Loss
 
 
Recognized

in Other
Comprehensive
Income
 
 
Exchange
Differences
 
 
Balance at
December 31
 
 
  
NT$
 
  
NT$
 
  
NT$
 
 
NT$
 
 
NT$
 
 
NT$
 
             
Deferred tax liabilities
                                                                           
Temporary differences
  
 
       
 
  
 
      
 
  
 
       
 
 
 
        
 
 
 
       
 
 
 
       
 
Property, plant and equipment
    $ 6,038,258      $ 10,410      $ (902,114 )    $ -     $ (11,093 )    $ 5,135,461  
Defined benefit obligation
      -        -        27,031       (2,630 )      30,233       54,634  
FVTPL financial instruments
          531,811        -        (487,098 )      -       368       45,081  
Others
      2,015,063        99,535        681       268,196       84,995       2,468,470  
  
 
 
     
 
 
     
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
  
   $ 8,585,132      $ 109,945      $  (1,361,500 )    $ 265,566     $  104,503      $ 7,703,646  
  
 
 
     
 
 
     
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
  
For the year ended December 31, 2024
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
Balance at
January 1

(Retrospectively

Adjusted)
 
  
Acquisitions
through
Business
Combinations
 
  
Recognized
in Profit or
Loss
 
 
Recognized

in Other
Comprehensive
Income
 
 
Exchange
Differences
 
 
Balance at
December 31
 
 
  
NT$
 
  
NT$
 
  
NT$
 
 
NT$
 
 
NT$
 
 
NT$
 
             
Deferred tax assets
  
      
  
      
  
      
 
      
 
      
 
      
             
Temporary differences
  
 
      
 
  
 
      
 
  
 
       
 
 
 
       
 
 
 
       
 
 
 
      
 
Property, plant and equipment
  
$
266,164
 
  
$
123,696
 
  
$
(36,352
) 
 
$
-
 
 
$
1,044
 
 
$
354,552
 
Defined benefit obligation
  
 
819,307
 
  
 
-
 
  
 
(149,680
) 
 
 
(62,170
) 
 
 
  57,489
 
 
 
664,946
 
FVTPL financial instruments
  
 
251,890
 
  
 
-
 
  
 
(87,612
) 
 
 
-
 
 
 
(393
) 
 
 
163,885
 
Others
  
 
4,182,316
 
  
 
16,067
 
  
 
347,938
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
(233,039
) 
 
 
4,313,282
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
5,519,677
 
  
 
139,763
 
  
 
74,294
 
 
 
(62,170
) 
 
 
(174,899
) 
 
 
5,496,665
 
Loss carry-forward
  
 
555,297
 
  
 
14,058
 
  
 
250,063
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
(74,040
) 
 
 
745,378
 
Investment credits
  
 
320,621
 
  
 
-
 
  
 
558,641
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
54,066
 
 
 
933,328
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
             
 
  
$
6,395,595
 
  
$
153,821
 
  
$
   882,998
 
 
$
(62,170
) 
 
$
(194,873
) 
 
$
7,175,371
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
             
Deferred tax liabilities
  
      
  
      
  
      
 
      
 
      
 
      
             
Temporary differences
  
      
  
      
  
      
 
      
 
      
 
      
Property, plant and equipment
  
$
5,135,461
 
  
$
92,842
 
  
$
(1,573,888
) 
 
$
-
 
 
$
71,505
 
 
$
3,725,920
 
Defined benefit obligation
  
 
54,634
 
  
 
-
 
  
 
(35,210
) 
 
 
14
 
 
 
(1,151
) 
 
 
18,287
 
FVTPL financial instruments
  
 
45,081
 
  
 
-
 
  
 
823,904
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
(237
) 
 
 
868,748
 
Others
  
 
2,468,470
 
  
 
-
 
  
 
(24,713
) 
 
 
 19,973
 
 
 
(226,581
) 
 
2,237,149
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
             
 
  
$
7,703,646
 
  
$
92,842
 
  
$
(809,907
) 
 
$
19,987
 
 
$
(156,464
) 
 
$
6,850,104
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
             
 
  
Balance at
January 1

(Retrospectively

Adjusted)
 
  
Acquisitions
through
Business
Combinations
 
  
Recognized
in Profit or
Loss
 
 
Recognized

in Other
Comprehensive
Income
 
 
Exchange
Differences
 
 
Balance at
December 31
 
 
  
US$ (Note 4)
 
  
US$ (Note 4)
 
  
US$ (Note 4)
 
 
US$ (Note 4)
 
 
US$ (Note 4)
 
 
US$ (Note 4)
 
             
Deferred tax assets
  
      
  
      
  
      
 
      
 
      
 
      
             
Temporary differences
  
      
  
 
       
 
  
 
       
 
 
 
       
 
 
 
       
 
 
 
       
 
Property, plant and equipment
  
$
     8,117
 
  
$
3,772
 
  
$
(1,108
) 
 
$
-
 
 
$
32
 
 
$
10,813
 
Defined benefit obligation
  
 
24,986
 
  
 
-
 
  
 
(4,565
) 
 
 
(1,896
) 
 
 
1,753
 
 
 
20,278
 
FVTPL financial instruments
  
 
7,682
 
  
 
-
 
  
 
(2,672
) 
 
 
-
 
 
 
(12
) 
 
 
4,998
 
Others
  
 
127,549
 
  
 
490
 
  
 
10,611
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
(7,107
) 
 
 
131,543
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
168,334
 
  
 
4,262
 
  
 
2,266
 
 
 
(1,896
) 
 
 
(5,334
) 
 
 
167,632
 
Loss carry-forward
  
 
16,935
 
  
 
429
 
  
 
7,626
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
(2,258
) 
 
 
22,732
 
Investment credits
  
 
9,778
 
  
 
-
 
  
 
17,037
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
1,649
 
 
 
28,464
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
             
 
  
$
195,047
 
  
$
4,691
 
  
$
26,929
 
 
$
(1,896
) 
 
$
(5,943
) 
 
$
218,828
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
             
Deferred tax liabilities
  
      
  
      
  
      
 
      
 
      
 
      
             
Temporary differences
  
      
  
      
  
      
 
      
 
      
 
      
Property, plant and equipment
  
$
156,617
 
  
$
2,831
 
  
$
(47,999
) 
 
$
-
 
 
$
2,181
 
 
$
113,630
 
Defined benefit obligation
  
 
1,666
 
  
 
-
 
  
 
(1,074
) 
 
 
-
 
 
 
(35
) 
 
 
557
 
FVTPL financial instruments
  
 
1,375
 
  
 
-
 
  
 
25,127
 
 
 
-
 
 
 
(7
) 
 
 
26,495
 
Others
  
 
75,281
 
  
 
-
 
  
 
(754
) 
 
 
609
 
 
 
(6,910
) 
 
 
68,226
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
             
 
  
$
234,939
 
  
$
    2,831
 
  
$
(24,700
) 
 
$
  609
 
 
$
(4,771
) 
 
$
 208,908
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  f.
Deductible temporary differences, unused loss carryforwards and unused investment credits for which no deferred tax assets have been recognized in the consolidated balance sheets
 
   
December 31
  
   
2023
    
2024
  
   
NT$
    
NT$
    
US$ (Note 4)
  
Loss carry-forward
  
$
1,759,044
 
  
$
2,464,350
 
  
$
75,156
 
Investment credits
  
 
77,436
 
  
 
-
 
  
 
-
 
Deductible temporary differences
  
 
210,897
 
  
 
317,282
 
  
 
9,676
 
 
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
  
 
$
 2,047,377
 
  
$
 2,781,632
 
  
$
84,832
 
 
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
  
The unrecognized loss carry-forward will expire through 2043 or can be carried forward indefinitely according to the applicable tax laws of each tax jurisdiction.
 
  g.
Information about unused loss carry-forward, investment credits, tax-exemption and other tax relief
As of December 31, 2024, the unused loss carry-forward comprised:
 
Expiry Year
   
NT$
     
US$ (Note 4)
  
2025
    $ 217,721      $ 6,640  
2026
      271,741        8,287  
2027
      355,338        10,837  
2028
      239,156        7,293  
2029 and thereafter
      2,125,772        64,831  
  
 
 
     
 
 
  
   $  3,209,728      $ 97,888  
  
 
 
     
 
 
  
As of December 31, 2024, unused investment credits comprised:
 
Tax Credit Source
   
Remaining Creditable Amount
     
Expiry Year
  
    
NT$
     
US$ (Note 4)
         
Purchase of machinery and equipment
    $ 842,119      $ 25,682        2029 and thereafter  
Others
      91,209        2,782        2029 and thereafter  
  
 
 
     
 
 
     
   $ 933,328      $ 28,464     
  
 
 
     
 
 
     
Some China subsidiaries qualified as high technology enterprises were entitled to a reduced income tax rate of 15% and were eligible to deduct certain times of research and development expenses from their taxable income.
 
  h.
Unrecognized deferred tax liabilities associated with investments
As of December 31, 2023 and 2024, the taxable temporary differences associated with the investments in subsidiaries for which no deferred tax liabilities have been recognized were NT$51,581,597 thousand and NT$60,866,800 thousand (US$1,856,261 thousand), respectively.
 
  i.
Income tax assessments
The tax authorities have examined income tax returns of the Company and its R.O.C. subsidiaries through 2019 and 2022.