Other Revenues and Other Expenses

The following tables summarize the components of other revenues and other expenses.



	Quarter Ended June 30,
	2015				2014
(dollars in thousands)	Other Revenues		Other Expenses		Other Revenues		Other Expenses
Insurance:
Managing general agent operations	$	3,118	$	2,602	$	4,774	$	5,218
Life and annuity	350		3,348		143		8,670
Other	469		—		1,275		1,456
	3,937		5,950		6,192		15,344
Non-Insurance:
Markel Ventures: Manufacturing	174,141		168,580		125,083		110,901
Markel Ventures: Non-Manufacturing	65,412		63,013		58,559		55,409
Other	6,867		4,693		4,249		3,288
	246,420		236,286		187,891		169,598
Total	$	250,357	$	242,236	$	194,083	$	184,942



	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2015				2014
(dollars in thousands)	Other Revenues		Other Expenses		Other Revenues		Other Expenses
Insurance:
Managing general agent operations	$	8,988	$	4,911	$	13,952	$	10,099
Life and annuity	327		10,697		186		17,285
Other	1,811		—		3,691		1,817
	11,126		15,608		17,829		29,201
Non-Insurance:
Markel Ventures: Manufacturing	351,903		320,380		225,694		206,790
Markel Ventures: Non-Manufacturing	133,093		126,843		129,154		120,920
Other	14,293		10,406		7,577		10,199
	499,289		457,629		362,425		337,909
Total	$	510,415	$	473,237	$	380,254	$	367,110

The Company's Markel Ventures operations primarily consist of controlling interests in various industrial and service businesses and are viewed by management as separate and distinct from the Company's insurance operations. While each of the companies is operated independently from one another, management aggregates financial results into two industry groups: manufacturing and non-manufacturing.

On April 24, 2015, the Company completed a novation that transferred its obligations under a reinsurance contract for life and annuity benefit policies to a third party in exchange for cash payments totaling $29.0 million, net of commissions. At the time of the transaction, reserves for life and annuity benefits on the novated reinsurance contract totaled $32.6 million, resulting in a gain of $3.6 million that was recorded as an offset to other expenses.