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Reinsurance
 3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Reinsurance Disclosures [Abstract]  
Reinsurance Reinsurance
The following tables summarize the effect of reinsurance and retrocessional reinsurance on premiums written and earned.
Three Months Ended March 31,
20242023
(dollars in thousands)DirectAssumedCededNet PremiumsDirectAssumedCededNet Premiums
Underwriting:
Written$2,107,467 $668,699 $(543,956)$2,232,210 $1,969,363 $688,895 $(440,029)$2,218,229 
Earned$2,198,238 $392,942 $(463,380)$2,127,800 $1,971,876 $398,719 $(402,440)$1,968,155 
Program services and other fronting:
Written744,958 419,275 (1,164,406)(173)573,211 204,543 (778,205)(451)
Earned703,682 123,271 (827,126)(173)641,113 74,717 (716,281)(451)
Consolidated:
Written$2,852,425 $1,087,974 $(1,708,362)$2,232,037 $2,542,574 $893,438 $(1,218,234)$2,217,778 
Earned$2,901,920 $516,213 $(1,290,506)$2,127,627 $2,612,989 $473,436 $(1,118,721)$1,967,704 

Substantially all of the premiums written and earned in the Company's program services and other fronting operations for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 were ceded. The percentage of consolidated ceded earned premiums to gross earned premiums was 38% and 36% for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The percentage of consolidated assumed earned premiums to net earned premiums was 24% for both the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023.

Substantially all of the incurred losses and loss adjustment expenses in the Company's program services and other fronting operations were ceded. These gross losses totaled $603.7 million and $496.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

The following table summarizes the effect of reinsurance and retrocessional reinsurance on losses and loss adjustment expenses in the Company's underwriting operations.

Three Months Ended March 31,
(dollars in thousands)20242023
Gross losses and loss adjustment expenses$1,693,847 $1,392,348 
Ceded losses and loss adjustment expenses(406,167)(219,255)
Net losses and loss adjustment expenses$1,287,680 $1,173,093