Goodwill And Intangible Assets

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2024

Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]

8. Goodwill and Intangible Assets

The following table presents a rollforward of the components of goodwill by reportable segment.


(dollars in thousands)	Insurance		Reinsurance		Markel Ventures		Other insurance operations(1)		Total
January 1, 2023	$	771,628	$	122,745	$	1,153,909	$	590,556	$	2,638,838
Adjustments to preliminary purchase price allocation	—		—		(16,752)		—		(16,752)
Foreign currency movements and other adjustments	1,195		—		497		971		2,663
December 31, 2023 (2)	$	772,823	$	122,745	$	1,137,654	$	591,527	$	2,624,749
Acquisitions (note 3)	—		—		114,589		—		114,589
Foreign currency movements and other adjustments	(3,247)		—		(434)		210		(3,471)
December 31, 2024 (2)	$	769,576	$	122,745	$	1,251,809	$	591,737	$	2,735,867

(1) Amounts included in other insurance operations reflect the Company's operations that are not included in a reportable segment and are primarily related to the Company's program services and insurance-linked securities operations.

(2) As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, goodwill was net of accumulated impairment losses of $190.6 million, of which $171.9 million was in other insurance operations and $18.7 million was in Markel Ventures.

The Company completed its annual tests for goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible asset impairment as of October 1, 2024 based upon results of operations through September 30, 2024. See note 1 for further details regarding impairment testing. There was no impairment of goodwill during 2024 or 2023 and no impairment of indefinite-lived intangible assets during 2024, 2023 or 2022. For the year ended December 31, 2022, impairment of goodwill was $80.0 million, which was attributable to the Company's Nephila ILS operations, which are a component of the Company's other insurance operations.

Subsequent to the acquisition of Nephila in 2018, through 2022, investment performance in the broader ILS market was adversely impacted by consecutive years of elevated catastrophe losses. These events, as well as volatility in the capital markets, impacted investor decisions around allocation of capital to ILS, which in turn impacted capital raises and redemptions within the funds Nephila manages. As a result, the Company performed a quantitative impairment assessment for the Nephila reporting unit in 2022. The Company estimated the fair value of the Nephila reporting unit primarily using an income approach based on a discounted cash flow model. The discount rates used to determine the fair value estimates were developed based on a capital asset pricing model using market-based inputs, as well as an assessment of the inherent risk in projected future cash flows. As a result of the assessment, the Company recorded an impairment of goodwill attributable to Nephila totaling $80.0 million, reducing the goodwill of the Nephila reporting unit to $221.8 million. The Company also evaluated the intangible assets within the Nephila reporting unit for impairment in 2022 and determined they were not impaired.

The following table presents a rollforward of net intangible assets by reportable segment.


(dollars in thousands)	Underwriting (1)		Markel Ventures		Other insurance operations (2)		Total
January 1, 2023	$	362,322	$	796,297	$	588,845	$	1,747,464
Dispositions	—		—		(2,000)		(2,000)
Amortization of acquired intangible assets	(37,076)		(82,370)		(61,168)		(180,614)
Adjustments to preliminary purchase price allocation	—		22,671		—		22,671
Foreign currency movements and other adjustments	98		119		946		1,163
December 31, 2023	$	325,344	$	736,717	$	526,623	$	1,588,684
Acquisitions (note 3)	—		52,909		—		52,909
Amortization of acquired intangible assets	(37,276)		(81,317)		(62,879)		(181,472)
Foreign currency movements and other adjustments	(117)		154		(538)		(501)
December 31, 2024	$	287,951	$	708,463	$	463,206	$	1,459,620

(1) Amounts included in Underwriting reflect the intangible assets associated with the Company's underwriting segments, which are not allocated between the Insurance and Reinsurance segments.

(2) Amounts included in other insurance operations reflect the Company's operations that are not included in a reportable segment and are primarily related to the Company's program services and insurance-linked securities operations.

Amortization of acquired intangible assets is estimated to be $172.7 million for 2025, $165.5 million for 2026, $154.9 million for 2027, $146.1 million for 2028 and $142.0 million for 2029. Indefinite-lived intangible assets were $90.4 million at December 31, 2024 and 2023.

The following table presents the components of intangible assets.


	December 31,
	2024				2023
(dollars in thousands)	Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization		Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization
Customer relationships	$	1,488,796	$	(699,550)	$	1,450,503	$	(600,724)
Investment management agreements	464,000		(178,727)		464,000		(149,560)
Broker and agent relationships	295,694		(182,139)		297,693		(168,586)
Trade names	305,381		(157,494)		293,270		(138,040)
Technology	113,187		(107,727)		113,248		(100,781)
Insurance licenses	72,333		—		72,333		—
Other	159,603		(113,737)		169,681		(114,353)
Total	$	2,898,994	$	(1,439,374)	$	2,860,728	$	(1,272,044)