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Stockholders' Equity - Stock-Based Compensation Expense (Detail) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
3 Months Ended 6 Months Ended
Oct. 27, 2017
Oct. 28, 2016
Oct. 27, 2017
Oct. 28, 2016
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]        
Total stock-based compensation expense $ 39 $ 51 $ 87 $ 103
Income tax benefit for stock-based compensation 9 11 18 20
Cost of Product Revenues        
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]        
Total stock-based compensation expense 1 1 2 2
Cost of Hardware Maintenance and Other Services Revenues        
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]        
Total stock-based compensation expense 2 3 5 7
Sales and Marketing        
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]        
Total stock-based compensation expense 16 21 37 44
Research and Development        
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]        
Total stock-based compensation expense 12 17 27 32
General and Administrative        
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]        
Total stock-based compensation expense $ 8 $ 9 $ 16 $ 18