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Stockholders' Equity - Stock-Based Compensation Expense (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions | 3 Months Ended | 9 Months Ended
--- | --- | ---
Jan. 29, 2021 | Jan. 24, 2020 | Jan. 29, 2021 | Jan. 24, 2020
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items] |  |  |  |
Total stock-based compensation expense | $ 46 | $ 36 | $ 149 | $ 118
Income tax benefit for stock-based compensation expense | 4 | 3 | 12 | 11
Cost of Product Revenues |  |  |  |
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items] |  |  |  |
Total stock-based compensation expense | 1 | 1 | 3 | 3
Cost of Hardware Maintenance and Other Services Revenues |  |  |  |
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items] |  |  |  |
Total stock-based compensation expense | 2 | 2 | 7 | 7
Sales and Marketing |  |  |  |
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items] |  |  |  |
Total stock-based compensation expense | 21 | 15 | 70 | 50
Research and Development |  |  |  |
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items] |  |  |  |
Total stock-based compensation expense | 15 | 13 | 49 | 41
General and Administrative |  |  |  |
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items] |  |  |  |
Total stock-based compensation expense | $ 7 | $ 5 | $ 20 | $ 17

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