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Derivative Financial Instruments and Hedging Activities
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2023
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosure [Abstract]  
Derivative Financial Instruments and Hedging Activities
NOTE 8. DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS AND HEDGING ACTIVITIES
The following tables present the notional amount and estimated fair value of derivative instruments on a gross basis as of December 31:
 March 31, 2023December 31, 2022
 Notional
Amount
Estimated Fair ValueNotional
Amount
Estimated Fair Value
 
Gain(1)
Loss(1)
Gain(1)
Loss(1)
 (In millions)
Derivatives in fair value hedging relationships:
Interest rate swaps$1,423 $— $136 $1,423 $$158 
Derivatives in cash flow hedging relationships:
Interest rate swaps27,800 75 473 30,600 19 668 
Interest rate options1,500 23 19 — — — 
Total derivatives in cash flow hedging relationships29,300 98 492 30,600 19 668 
Total derivatives designated as hedging instruments$30,723 $98 $628 $32,023 $20 $826 
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:
Interest rate swaps $102,385 $1,961 $1,960 $94,220 $2,315 $2,335 
Interest rate options 11,417 83 68 12,506 94 85 
Interest rate futures and forward commitments912 985 
Other contracts11,839 197 190 12,173 172 127 
Total derivatives not designated as hedging instruments $126,553 $2,248 $2,224 $119,884 $2,589 $2,552 
Total derivatives$157,276 $2,346 $2,852 $151,907 $2,609 $3,378 
Total gross derivative instruments, before netting$2,346 $2,852 $2,609 $3,378 
Less: Netting adjustments (2)
2,249 1,646 2,504 1,925 
Total gross derivative instruments, after netting$97 $1,206 $105 $1,453 
_________
(1)Derivatives in a gain position are recorded as other assets and derivatives in a loss position are recorded as other liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets. Includes accrued interest as applicable.
(2)Netting adjustments represent amounts recorded to convert derivative assets and derivative liabilities from a gross basis to a net basis in accordance with applicable accounting guidance. The net basis takes into account the impact of cash collateral received or posted, legally enforceable master netting agreements, and variation margin that allow Regions to settle derivative contracts with the counterparty on a net basis and to offset the net position with the related cash collateral.
HEDGING DERIVATIVES
Derivatives entered into to manage interest rate risk and facilitate asset/liability management strategies are designated as hedging derivatives. Derivative financial instruments that qualify in a hedging relationship are classified, based on the exposure being hedged, as either fair value hedges or cash flow hedges. See Note 1 "Summary of Significant Accounting Policies" of the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022, for additional information regarding accounting policies for derivatives.
FAIR VALUE HEDGES
Fair value hedge relationships mitigate exposure to the change in fair value of an asset, liability or firm commitment.
Regions enters into interest rate swap agreements to manage interest rate exposure on the Company’s fixed-rate borrowings. These agreements involve the receipt of fixed-rate amounts in exchange for floating-rate interest payments over the life of the agreements. Regions also enters into interest rate swap agreements to manage interest rate exposure on certain of the Company's fixed-rate prepayable and non-prepayable debt securities available for sale. These agreements involve the payment of fixed-rate amounts in exchange for floating-rate interest receipts.
CASH FLOW HEDGES
Cash flow hedge relationships mitigate exposure to the variability of future cash flows or other forecasted transactions.
Regions enters into interest rate swaps, options (e.g., floors, caps and collars), and agreements with a combination of these instruments to manage overall cash flow changes related to interest rate risk exposure on variable rate loans. The agreements effectively modify the Company’s exposure to interest rate risk by utilizing receive fixed/pay LIBOR or SOFR interest rate swaps and interest rate floors. As of March 31, 2023, Regions is hedging its exposure to the variability in future cash flows into 2029.
The following table presents the pre-tax impact of terminated cash flow hedges on AOCI. The balance of terminated cash flow hedges in AOCI will be amortized into earnings through 2026.
Three Months Ended March 31
20232022
(In millions)
Unrealized gains on terminated hedges included in AOCI - beginning of period$164 $700 
Unrealized gains (losses) on terminated hedges arising during the period(19)— 
Reclassification adjustments for amortization of unrealized (gains) on terminated hedges into net income(20)(76)
Unrealized gains on terminated hedges included in AOCI - end of period$125 $624 
Regions expects to reclassify into earnings approximately $215 million in pre-tax expenses due to the net receipt/ payment of interest and amortization on all cash flow hedges within the next twelve months. Included in this amount is $33 million in pre-tax net gains related to the amortization of terminated cash flow hedges.
The following tables present the effect of hedging derivative instruments on the consolidated statements of income and the total amounts for the respective line items affected:
Three Months Ended March 31, 2023
Interest IncomeInterest IncomeInterest Expense
Debt securitiesLoans, including feesLong-term borrowings
(In millions)
Total income (expense) presented in the consolidated statements of income$187 $1,360 $(40)
Gains/(losses) on fair value hedging relationships:
Interest rate contracts:
   Amounts related to interest settlements on derivatives$— $— $(14)
   Recognized on derivatives— — 23 
   Recognized on hedged items— — (23)
Income (expense) recognized on fair value hedges$— $— $(14)
Gains/(losses) on cash flow hedging relationships: (1)
Interest rate contracts:
Realized gains (losses) reclassified from AOCI into net income (2)
$— $(15)$— 
Income (expense) recognized on cash flow hedges $— $(15)$— 
Three Months Ended March 31, 2022
Interest IncomeInterest IncomeInterest Expense
Debt securitiesLoans, including feesLong-term borrowings
(In millions)
Total income (expense) presented in the consolidated statements of income$138 $876 (24 )
Gains/(losses) on fair value hedging relationships:
Interest rate contracts:
Amounts related to interest settlements on derivatives$— $— $
Recognized on derivatives22 — (64)
Recognized on hedged items(22)— 64 
Income (expense) recognized on fair value hedges$— $— $
Gains/(losses) on cash flow hedging relationships: (1)
Interest rate contracts:
Realized gains (losses) reclassified from AOCI into net income (2)
$— $110 $— 
Income (expense) recognized on cash flow hedges$— $110 $— 
____
(1)See Note 5 for gain or (loss) recognized for cash flow hedges in AOCI.
(2)Pre-tax
The following tables present the carrying amount and associated cumulative basis adjustment related to the application of hedge accounting that is included in the carrying amount of hedged assets and liabilities in fair value hedging relationships.
March 31, 2023December 31, 2022
Hedged Items Currently DesignatedHedged Items Currently Designated
Carrying Amount of Assets/(Liabilities)Hedge Accounting Basis AdjustmentCarrying Amount of Assets/(Liabilities)Hedge Accounting Basis Adjustment
(In millions)(In millions)
Debt securities available for sale(1)
$24 $— $23 $— 
Long-term borrowings(1,263)135 (1,239)158 
_____
(1) Carrying amount represents amortized cost.
DERIVATIVES NOT DESIGNATED AS HEDGING INSTRUMENTS
The Company holds a portfolio of interest rate swaps, option contracts, and futures and forward commitments that result from transactions with its commercial customers in which they manage their risks by entering into a derivative with Regions. The Company monitors and manages the net risk in this customer portfolio and enters into separate derivative contracts in order to reduce the overall exposure to pre-defined limits.  For both derivatives with its end customers and derivatives Regions enters into to mitigate the risk in this portfolio, the Company is subject to market risk and the risk that the counterparty will default. The contracts in this portfolio are not designated as accounting hedges and are marked-to market through earnings (in capital markets income) and included in other assets and other liabilities, as appropriate.
Regions enters into interest rate lock commitments, which are commitments to originate mortgage loans whereby the interest rate on the loan is determined prior to funding and the customers have locked into that interest rate. At March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, Regions had $212 million and $118 million, respectively, in total notional amount of interest rate lock commitments. Regions manages market risk on interest rate lock commitments and mortgage loans held for sale with corresponding forward sale commitments. Residential mortgage loans held for sale are recorded at fair value with changes in fair value recorded in mortgage income. Commercial mortgage loans held for sale are recorded at either the lower of cost or market or at fair value based on management's election. At March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, Regions had $350 million and $233 million, respectively, in total notional amounts related to these forward sale commitments. Changes in mark-to-market from both interest rate lock commitments and corresponding forward sale commitments related to residential mortgage loans are included in mortgage income. Changes in mark-to-market from both interest rate lock commitments and corresponding forward sale commitments related to commercial mortgage loans are included in capital markets income.
Regions has elected to account for residential MSRs at fair value with any changes to fair value recorded in mortgage income. Concurrent with the election to use the fair value measurement method, Regions began using various derivative instruments in the form of forward rate commitments, futures contracts, swaps and swaptions to mitigate the effect of changes in the fair value of its residential MSRs in its consolidated statements of income. As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the total notional amount related to these contracts was $3.1 billion and $3.4 billion, respectively.
The following table presents the location and amount of gain or (loss) recognized in income on derivatives not designated as hedging instruments in the consolidated statements of income for the periods presented below:
Three Months Ended March 31
Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instruments20232022
 (In millions)
Capital markets income:
Interest rate swaps$(28)$31 
Interest rate options11 
Interest rate futures and forward commitments(4)
Other contracts(2)
Total capital markets income(17)41 
Mortgage income:
Interest rate swaps(46)
Interest rate options(10)
Interest rate futures and forward commitments(1)16 
Total mortgage income(40)
$(8)$
CREDIT DERIVATIVES
Regions has both bought and sold credit protection in the form of participations on interest rate swaps (swap participations). These swap participations, which meet the definition of credit derivatives, were entered into in the ordinary course of business to serve the credit needs of customers. Swap participations, whereby Regions has purchased credit protection, entitle Regions to receive a payment from the counterparty if the customer fails to make payment on any amounts due to Regions upon early termination of the swap transaction and have maturities between 2023 and 2029. Swap participations, whereby Regions has sold credit protection have maturities between 2023 and 2038. For contracts where Regions sold credit protection, Regions would be required to make payment to the counterparty if the customer fails to make payment on any amounts due to the counterparty upon early termination of the swap transaction. Regions bases the current status of the prepayment/performance risk on bought and sold credit derivatives on recently issued internal risk ratings consistent with the risk management practices of unfunded commitments.
Regions’ maximum potential amount of future payments under these contracts as of March 31, 2023 was approximately $483 million. This scenario occurs if variable interest rates were at zero percent and all counterparties defaulted with zero recovery. The fair value of sold protection at March 31, 2023 and 2022 was immaterial. In transactions where Regions has sold credit protection, recourse to collateral associated with the original swap transaction is available to offset some or all of Regions’ obligation.
Regions has bought credit protection in the form of credit default indices. These indices, which meet the definition of credit derivatives, were entered into in the ordinary course of business to economically hedge credit spread risk in commercial mortgage loans held for sale whereby the fair value option has been elected. Credit derivatives, whereby Regions has purchased credit protection, entitle Regions to receive a payment from the counterparty if losses on the underlying index exceed a certain threshold, dependent upon the tranche rating of the capital structure.
CONTINGENT FEATURES
Certain of Regions’ derivative instrument contracts with broker-dealers contain credit-related termination provisions and/or credit related provisions regarding the posting of collateral, allowing those broker-dealers to terminate the contracts in the event that Regions’ and/or Regions Bank’s credit ratings falls below specified ratings from certain major credit rating agencies. The aggregate fair values of all derivative instruments with any credit-risk-related contingent features that were in a liability position on March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, were $27 million and $17 million, respectively, for which Regions had posted collateral of $29 million and $20 million, respectively, in the normal course of business.