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Loans And The Allowance For Credit Losses | 9 Months Ended
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Sep. 30, 2025
Receivables [Abstract] |
Loans And The Allowance For Credit Losses | NOTE 4. LOANS AND THE ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES LOANS The following table presents the distribution of Regions' loan portfolio by segment and class, net of unearned income:
| September 30, 2025 |  | December 31, 2024
| (In millions)
Commercial and industrial | $ | 49,234 |  |  | $ | 49,671 |
Commercial real estate mortgage—owner-occupied | 4,835 |  |  | 4,841 |
Commercial real estate construction—owner-occupied | 285 |  |  | 333 |
Total commercial | 54,354 |  |  | 54,845 |
Commercial investor real estate mortgage | 7,122 |  |  | 6,567 |
Commercial investor real estate construction | 1,948 |  |  | 2,143 |
Total investor real estate | 9,070 |  |  | 8,710 |
Residential first mortgage | 19,881 |  |  | 20,094 |
Home equity lines | 3,209 |  |  | 3,150 |
Home equity loans | 2,340 |  |  | 2,390 |
Consumer credit card | 1,437 |  |  | 1,445 |
Other consumer (1) | 5,834 |  |  | 6,093 |
Total consumer | 32,701 |  |  | 33,172 |
Total loans, net of unearned income | $ | 96,125 |  |  | $ | 96,727 |
______ (1) Starting in 2025, other consumer loans also includes exit portfolios, which were previously presented separately. The portfolio consists primarily of indirect auto loans, and presentation of prior periods has been conformed accordingly. ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES Regions determines the appropriate level of the allowance on a quarterly basis. Refer to Note 1 "Summary of Significant Accounting Policies" in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024, for a description of the methodology. ROLLFORWARD OF ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES The following tables present analyses of the allowance for credit losses by portfolio segment for three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, and 2024.
| Three Months Ended September 30, 2025 |
| Commercial |  | Investor Real Estate |  | Consumer |  | Total |
| (In millions) |
Allowance for loan losses, July 1, 2025 | $ | 747 |  |  | $ | 234 |  |  | $ | 631 |  |  | $ | 1,612 |  |
Provision for loan losses | 86 |  |  | (47) |  |  | 65 |  |  | 104 |  |
Loan losses: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Charge-offs | (58) |  |  | (34) |  |  | (68) |  |  | (160) |  |
Recoveries | 11 |  |  | 2 |  |  | 12 |  |  | 25 |  |
Net loan losses | (47) |  |  | (32) |  |  | (56) |  |  | (135) |  |
Allowance for loan losses, September 30, 2025 | 786 |  |  | 155 |  |  | 640 |  |  | 1,581 |  |
Reserve for unfunded credit commitments, July 1, 2025 | 99 |  |  | 13 |  |  | 19 |  |  | 131 |  |
Provision for unfunded credit commitments | 3 |  |  | (3) |  |  | 1 |  |  | 1 |  |
Reserve for unfunded credit commitments, September 30, 2025 | 102 |  |  | 10 |  |  | 20 |  |  | 132 |  |
Allowance for credit losses, September 30, 2025 | $ | 888 |  |  | $ | 165 |  |  | $ | 660 |  |  | $ | 1,713 |  |
| Three Months Ended September 30, 2024
| Commercial |  | Investor Real Estate |  | Consumer |  | Total
| (In millions)
Allowance for loan losses, July 1, 2024 | $ | 736 |  |  | $ | 233 |  |  | $ | 652 |  |  | $ | 1,621 |
Provision for loan losses | 47 |  |  | 10 |  |  | 46 |  |  | 103 |
Loan losses: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Charge-offs | (71) |  |  | (12) |  |  | (60) |  |  | (143) |
Recoveries | 15 |  |  | — |  |  | 11 |  |  | 26 |
Net loan losses | (56) |  |  | (12) |  |  | (49) |  |  | (117) |
Allowance for loan losses, September 30, 2024 | 727 |  |  | 231 |  |  | 649 |  |  | 1,607 |
Reserve for unfunded credit commitments, July 1, 2024 | 85 |  |  | 8 |  |  | 18 |  |  | 111 |
Provision for unfunded credit commitments | 8 |  |  | 2 |  |  | — |  |  | 10 |
Reserve for unfunded credit commitments, September 30, 2024 | 93 |  |  | 10 |  |  | 18 |  |  | 121 |
Allowance for credit losses, September 30, 2024 | $ | 820 |  |  | $ | 241 |  |  | $ | 667 |  |  | $ | 1,728 |
| Nine Months Ended September 30, 2025
| Commercial |  | Investor Real Estate |  | Consumer |  | Total
| (In millions)
Allowance for loan losses, January 1, 2025 | $ | 743 |  |  | $ | 240 |  |  | $ | 630 |  |  | $ | 1,613 |
Provision for loan losses | 197 |  |  | (29) |  |  | 171 |  |  | 339 |
Loan losses: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Charge-offs | (187) |  |  | (58) |  |  | (193) |  |  | (438) |
Recoveries | 33 |  |  | 2 |  |  | 32 |  |  | 67 |
Net loan losses | (154) |  |  | (56) |  |  | (161) |  |  | (371) |
Allowance for loan losses, September 30, 2025 | 786 |  | 155 |  | 640 |  | 1,581
Reserve for unfunded credit commitments, January 1, 2025 | 91 |  |  | 7 |  |  | 18 |  |  | 116 |
Provision for (benefit from) unfunded credit losses | 11 |  |  | 3 |  |  | 2 |  |  | 16 |
Reserve for unfunded credit commitments, September 30, 2025 | 102 |  |  | 10 |  |  | 20 |  |  | 132 |
Allowance for credit losses, September 30, 2025 | $ | 888 |  |  | $ | 165 |  |  | $ | 660 |  |  | $ | 1,713 |
| Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024
| Commercial |  | Investor Real Estate |  | Consumer |  | Total
| (In millions)
Allowance for loan losses, January 1, 2024 | $ | 722 |  |  | $ | 192 |  |  | $ | 662 |  |  | $ | 1,576 |
Provision for loan losses | 166 |  |  | 54 |  |  | 150 |  |  | 370 |
Loan losses: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Charge-offs | (194) |  |  | (17) |  |  | (196) |  |  | (407) |
Recoveries | 33 |  |  | 2 |  |  | 33 |  |  | 68 |
Net loan losses | (161) |  |  | (15) |  |  | (163) |  |  | (339) |
Allowance for loan losses, September 30, 2024 | 727 |  | 231 |  | 649 |  | 1,607
Reserve for unfunded credit commitments, January 1, 2024 | 92 |  |  | 13 |  |  | 19 |  |  | 124 |
Provision for (benefit from) unfunded credit losses | 1 |  |  | (3) |  |  | (1) |  |  | (3) |
Reserve for unfunded credit commitments, September 30, 2024 | 93 |  |  | 10 |  |  | 18 |  |  | 121 |
Allowance for credit losses, September 30, 2024 | $ | 820 |  |  | $ | 241 |  |  | $ | 667 |  |  | $ | 1,728 |
PORTFOLIO SEGMENT RISK FACTORS Regions' portfolio segments are commercial, investor real estate, and consumer. Classes within each segment present unique credit risks. Refer to Note 5 "Allowance for Credit Losses" in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024 for information regarding Regions' portfolio segments and related classes, as well as the risks specific to each. CREDIT QUALITY INDICATORS The commercial and investor real estate portfolio segments' primary credit quality indicator is internal risk ratings which are detailed by categories related to underlying credit quality and probability of default. Regions assigns these risk ratings at loan origination and reviews the relationship utilizing a risk-based approach on, at minimum, an annual basis or at any time management becomes aware of information affecting the borrowers' ability to fulfill their obligations. Both quantitative and qualitative factors are considered in this review process. Refer to Note 5 "Allowance for Credit Losses" in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024 for information regarding commercial risk ratings. Regions' consumer portfolio segment has various classes that present unique credit risks. Regions considers factors such as periodic updates of FICO scores, accrual status, days past due status, unemployment rates, home prices, and geography as credit quality indicators for the consumer loan portfolio. FICO scores are obtained at origination as part of Regions' formal underwriting process. Refreshed FICO scores are obtained by the Company quarterly for most consumer loans, including residential first mortgage loans. Current FICO data is not available for certain loans in the portfolio for various reasons; for example, if customers do not use sufficient credit, an updated score may not be available. These categories are utilized to develop the associated allowance for credit losses. The higher the FICO score the less probability of default and vice versa. The following tables present applicable credit quality indicators for the loan portfolio segments and classes, excluding loans held for sale and gross charge-offs, by vintage year as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024. Regions defines the vintage date for the purposes of disclosure as the date of the most recent credit decision. In general, renewals that are categorized as new credit decisions reflect the renewal date as the vintage date. Classes in the commercial and investor real estate portfolio segments are disclosed by risk rating. Classes in the consumer portfolio segment are disclosed by current FICO scores. Refer to Note 5 "Allowance for Credit Losses" in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024 for more information regarding Regions' credit quality indicators.
| September 30, 2025
Term Loans |  | Revolving Loans |  | Revolving Loans Converted to Amortizing |  | Other (1) |  | Total
2025 | 2024 | 2023 | 2022 | 2021 | Prior
(In millions)
Commercial and industrial:
Risk rating: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Pass | $ | 7,784 |  | $ | 6,535 |  | $ | 3,131 |  | $ | 4,193 |  | $ | 2,100 |  | $ | 3,762 |  |  | $ | 19,381 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 301 |  |  | $ | 47,187 |
Special Mention | 43 |  | 57 |  | 182 |  | 45 |  | 35 |  | 12 |  |  | 232 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 606 |
Substandard Accrual | 111 |  | 54 |  | 155 |  | 159 |  | 14 |  | 17 |  |  | 407 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 917 |
Non-accrual | 48 |  | 96 |  | 126 |  | 44 |  | 33 |  | 29 |  |  | 148 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 524 |
Total commercial and industrial | $ | 7,986 |  | $ | 6,742 |  | $ | 3,594 |  | $ | 4,441 |  | $ | 2,182 |  | $ | 3,820 |  |  | $ | 20,168 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 301 |  |  | $ | 49,234 |
Commercial real estate mortgage—owner-occupied:
Risk rating: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Pass | $ | 554 |  | $ | 720 |  | $ | 614 |  | $ | 750 |  | $ | 690 |  | $ | 1,053 |  |  | $ | 111 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (6) |  |  | $ | 4,486 |
Special Mention | 4 |  | 7 |  | 6 |  | 39 |  | 28 |  | 58 |  |  | 1 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 143 |
Substandard Accrual | 31 |  | 26 |  | 12 |  | 21 |  | 35 |  | 37 |  |  | 3 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 165 |
Non-accrual | 1 |  | 3 |  | 2 |  | 3 |  | 13 |  | 19 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 41 |
Total commercial real estate mortgage—owner-occupied: | $ | 590 |  | $ | 756 |  | $ | 634 |  | $ | 813 |  | $ | 766 |  | $ | 1,167 |  |  | $ | 115 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (6) |  |  | $ | 4,835 |
Commercial real estate construction—owner-occupied:
Risk rating: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Pass | $ | 63 |  | $ | 42 |  | $ | 33 |  | $ | 31 |  | $ | 23 |  | $ | 46 |  |  | $ | 13 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 251 |
Special Mention | — |  | 8 |  | — |  | 8 |  | — |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 16 |
Substandard Accrual | 5 |  | 10 |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 2 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 17 |
Non-accrual | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 1 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1 |
Total commercial real estate construction—owner-occupied: | $ | 68 |  | $ | 60 |  | $ | 33 |  | $ | 39 |  | $ | 23 |  | $ | 49 |  |  | $ | 13 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 285 |
Total commercial | $ | 8,644 |  | $ | 7,558 |  | $ | 4,261 |  | $ | 5,293 |  | $ | 2,971 |  | $ | 5,036 |  |  | $ | 20,296 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 295 |  |  | $ | 54,354 |
| September 30, 2025
Term Loans |  | Revolving Loans |  | Revolving Loans Converted to Amortizing |  | Other (1) |  | Total
2025 | 2024 | 2023 | 2022 | 2021 | Prior
(In millions)
Commercial investor real estate mortgage:
Risk rating: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Pass | $ | 2,192 |  | $ | 1,010 |  | $ | 591 |  | $ | 1,063 |  | $ | 367 |  | $ | 203 |  |  | $ | 521 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (5) |  |  | $ | 5,942 |
Special Mention | 157 |  | — |  | 98 |  | 178 |  | 3 |  | 2 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 438 |
Substandard Accrual | 216 |  | 46 |  | — |  | 160 |  | 98 |  | 28 |  |  | 57 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 605 |
Non-accrual | 15 |  | 69 |  | — |  | 44 |  | — |  | 9 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 137 |
Total commercial investor real estate mortgage | $ | 2,580 |  | $ | 1,125 |  | $ | 689 |  | $ | 1,445 |  | $ | 468 |  | $ | 242 |  |  | $ | 578 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (5) |  |  | $ | 7,122 |
Commercial investor real estate construction:
Risk rating: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Pass | $ | 180 |  | $ | 528 |  | $ | 301 |  | $ | 177 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 1 |  |  | $ | 700 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (11) |  |  | $ | 1,876 |
Special Mention | — |  | 7 |  | — |  | 42 |  | — |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 49 |
Substandard Accrual | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  |  | 23 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 23 |
Non-accrual | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Total commercial investor real estate construction | $ | 180 |  | $ | 535 |  | $ | 301 |  | $ | 219 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 1 |  |  | $ | 723 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (11) |  |  | $ | 1,948 |
Total investor real estate | $ | 2,760 |  | $ | 1,660 |  | $ | 990 |  | $ | 1,664 |  | $ | 468 |  | $ | 243 |  |  | $ | 1,301 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (16) |  |  | $ | 9,070 |
Residential first mortgage:
FICO scores: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Above 720 | $ | 932 |  | $ | 1,212 |  | $ | 1,799 |  | $ | 2,578 |  | $ | 3,785 |  | $ | 6,132 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 16,438 |
681-720 | 72 |  | 95 |  | 160 |  | 207 |  | 255 |  | 471 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,260 |
620-680 | 35 |  | 49 |  | 80 |  | 124 |  | 138 |  | 372 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 798 |
Below 620 | 6 |  | 38 |  | 97 |  | 164 |  | 169 |  | 534 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,008 |
Data not available | 25 |  | 27 |  | 15 |  | 14 |  | 31 |  | 93 |  |  | 2 |  |  | — |  |  | 170 |  |  | 377 |
Total residential first mortgage | $ | 1,070 |  | $ | 1,421 |  | $ | 2,151 |  | $ | 3,087 |  | $ | 4,378 |  | $ | 7,602 |  |  | $ | 2 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 170 |  |  | $ | 19,881 |
Home equity lines:
FICO scores: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Above 720 | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 2,425 |  |  | $ | 59 |  |  | — |  |  | $ | 2,484 |
681-720 | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  |  | 343 |  |  | 12 |  |  | — |  |  | 355 |
620-680 | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  |  | 198 |  |  | 14 |  |  | — |  |  | 212 |
Below 620 | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  |  | 116 |  |  | 9 |  |  | — |  |  | 125 |
Data not available | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  |  | 1 |  |  | — |  |  | 32 |  |  | 33 |
Total home equity lines | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 3,083 |  |  | $ | 94 |  |  | $ | 32 |  |  | $ | 3,209 |
Home equity loans:
FICO scores: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Above 720 | $ | 245 |  | $ | 277 |  | $ | 217 |  | $ | 267 |  | $ | 286 |  | $ | 524 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,816 |
681-720 | 46 |  | 44 |  | 34 |  | 43 |  | 33 |  | 62 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 262 |
620-680 | 14 |  | 20 |  | 19 |  | 22 |  | 21 |  | 54 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 150 |
Below 620 | 1 |  | 8 |  | 13 |  | 16 |  | 16 |  | 43 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 97 |
Data not available | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 15 |  |  | 15 |
Total home equity loans | $ | 306 |  | $ | 349 |  | $ | 283 |  | $ | 348 |  | $ | 356 |  | $ | 683 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 15 |  |  | $ | 2,340 |
Consumer credit card:
FICO scores: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Above 720 | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 820 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 820 |
681-720 | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  |  | 276 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 276 |
620-680 | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  |  | 238 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 238 |
Below 620 | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  |  | 119 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 119 |
Data not available | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  |  | 5 |  |  | — |  |  | (21) |  |  | (16) |
Total consumer credit card | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,458 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (21) |  |  | $ | 1,437 |
| September 30, 2025
Term Loans |  | Revolving Loans |  | Revolving Loans Converted to Amortizing |  | Other (1) |  | Total
2025 | 2024 | 2023 | 2022 | 2021 | Prior
(In millions)
Other consumer(2):
FICO scores: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Above 720 | $ | 577 |  | $ | 671 |  | $ | 841 |  | $ | 1,167 |  | $ | 352 |  | $ | 362 |  |  | $ | 113 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 4,083 |
681-720 | 94 |  | 117 |  | 150 |  | 232 |  | 77 |  | 66 |  |  | 60 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 796 |
620-680 | 47 |  | 69 |  | 85 |  | 163 |  | 53 |  | 46 |  |  | 48 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 511 |
Below 620 | 10 |  | 25 |  | 49 |  | 109 |  | 36 |  | 28 |  |  | 31 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 288 |
Data not available | 79 |  | 3 |  | 4 |  | 9 |  | 5 |  | 143 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (87) |  |  | 156 |
Total other consumer | $ | 807 |  | $ | 885 |  | $ | 1,129 |  | $ | 1,680 |  | $ | 523 |  | $ | 645 |  |  | $ | 252 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (87) |  |  | $ | 5,834 |
Total consumer loans | $ | 2,183 |  | $ | 2,655 |  | $ | 3,563 |  | $ | 5,115 |  | $ | 5,257 |  | $ | 8,930 |  |  | $ | 4,795 |  |  | $ | 94 |  |  | $ | 109 |  |  | $ | 32,701 |
Total Loans | $ | 13,587 |  | $ | 11,873 |  | $ | 8,814 |  | $ | 12,072 |  | $ | 8,696 |  | $ | 14,209 |  |  | $ | 26,392 |  |  | $ | 94 |  |  | $ | 388 |  |  | $ | 96,125 |
| December 31, 2024
Term Loans |  | Revolving Loans |  | Revolving Loans Converted to Amortizing |  | Other (1) |  | Total
2024 | 2023 | 2022 | 2021 | 2020 | Prior
(In millions)
Commercial and industrial:
Risk rating: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Pass | $ | 8,285 |  | $ | 4,798 |  | $ | 6,295 |  | $ | 3,284 |  | $ | 1,526 |  | $ | 3,446 |  |  | $ | 19,165 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 114 |  |  | $ | 46,913 |
Special Mention | 59 |  | 309 |  | 173 |  | 61 |  | 3 |  | 41 |  |  | 460 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,106 |
Substandard Accrual | 81 |  | 179 |  | 255 |  | 79 |  | 32 |  | 84 |  |  | 534 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,244 |
Non-accrual | 48 |  | 90 |  | 124 |  | 37 |  | 5 |  | 6 |  |  | 98 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 408 |
Total commercial and industrial | $ | 8,473 |  | $ | 5,376 |  | $ | 6,847 |  | $ | 3,461 |  | $ | 1,566 |  | $ | 3,577 |  |  | $ | 20,257 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 114 |  |  | $ | 49,671 |
Commercial real estate mortgage—owner-occupied:
Risk rating: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Pass | $ | 794 |  | $ | 695 |  | $ | 796 |  | $ | 785 |  | $ | 522 |  | $ | 808 |  |  | $ | 87 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (5) |  |  | $ | 4,482 |
Special Mention | 5 |  | 21 |  | 57 |  | 33 |  | 9 |  | 57 |  |  | 2 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 184 |
Substandard Accrual | 4 |  | 6 |  | 37 |  | 40 |  | 15 |  | 33 |  |  | 3 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 138 |
Non-accrual | 2 |  | 2 |  | 5 |  | 14 |  | 4 |  | 9 |  |  | 1 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 37 |
Total commercial real estate mortgage—owner-occupied: | $ | 805 |  | $ | 724 |  | $ | 895 |  | $ | 872 |  | $ | 550 |  | $ | 907 |  |  | $ | 93 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (5) |  |  | $ | 4,841 |
Commercial real estate construction—owner-occupied:
Risk rating: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Pass | $ | 131 |  | $ | 54 |  | $ | 38 |  | $ | 30 |  | $ | 20 |  | $ | 37 |  |  | $ | 7 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 317 |
Special Mention | — |  | 6 |  | 1 |  | — |  | — |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 7 |
Substandard Accrual | — |  | — |  | 3 |  | — |  | 1 |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 4 |
Non-accrual | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 1 |  | 4 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 5 |
Total commercial real estate construction—owner-occupied: | $ | 131 |  | $ | 60 |  | $ | 42 |  | $ | 30 |  | $ | 22 |  | $ | 41 |  |  | $ | 7 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 333 |
Total commercial | $ | 9,409 |  | $ | 6,160 |  | $ | 7,784 |  | $ | 4,363 |  | $ | 2,138 |  | $ | 4,525 |  |  | $ | 20,357 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 109 |  |  | $ | 54,845 |
Commercial investor real estate mortgage:
Risk rating: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Pass | $ | 1,598 |  | $ | 464 |  | $ | 1,753 |  | $ | 747 |  | $ | 322 |  | $ | 125 |  |  | $ | 314 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (2) |  |  | $ | 5,321 |
Special Mention | 173 |  | 12 |  | 209 |  | 30 |  | 11 |  | 1 |  |  | 4 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 440 |
Substandard Accrual | 76 |  | — |  | 131 |  | 39 |  | 28 |  | 2 |  |  | 107 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 383 |
Non-accrual | 167 |  | 93 |  | 113 |  | — |  | — |  | 50 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 423 |
Total commercial investor real estate mortgage | $ | 2,014 |  | $ | 569 |  | $ | 2,206 |  | $ | 816 |  | $ | 361 |  | $ | 178 |  |  | $ | 425 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (2) |  |  | $ | 6,567 |
| December 31, 2024
Term Loans |  | Revolving Loans |  | Revolving Loans Converted to Amortizing |  | Other (1) |  | Total
2024 | 2023 | 2022 | 2021 | 2020 | Prior
Commercial investor real estate construction:
Risk rating: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Pass | $ | 300 |  | $ | 380 |  | $ | 443 |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | 2 |  |  | $ | 694 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (13) |  |  | $ | 1,806 |
Special Mention | — |  | 32 |  | 218 |  | — |  | — |  | — |  |  | 76 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 326 |
Substandard Accrual | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  |  | 11 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 11 |
Non-accrual | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Total commercial investor real estate construction | $ | 300 |  | $ | 412 |  | $ | 661 |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | 2 |  |  | $ | 781 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (13) |  |  | $ | 2,143 |
Total investor real estate | $ | 2,314 |  | $ | 981 |  | $ | 2,867 |  | $ | 816 |  | $ | 361 |  | $ | 180 |  |  | $ | 1,206 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (15) |  |  | $ | 8,710 |
Residential first mortgage:
FICO scores: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Above 720 | $ | 1,111 |  | $ | 1,967 |  | $ | 2,742 |  | $ | 4,055 |  | $ | 4,004 |  | $ | 2,730 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 16,609 |
681-720 | 107 |  | 185 |  | 253 |  | 289 |  | 222 |  | 305 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,361 |
620-680 | 56 |  | 87 |  | 141 |  | 136 |  | 99 |  | 283 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 802 |
Below 620 | 15 |  | 73 |  | 138 |  | 150 |  | 100 |  | 419 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 895 |
Data not available | 29 |  | 31 |  | 16 |  | 41 |  | 46 |  | 90 |  |  | 2 |  |  | — |  |  | 172 |  |  | 427 |
Total residential first mortgage | $ | 1,318 |  | $ | 2,343 |  | $ | 3,290 |  | $ | 4,671 |  | $ | 4,471 |  | $ | 3,827 |  |  | $ | 2 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 172 |  |  | $ | 20,094 |
Home equity lines:
FICO scores: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Above 720 | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 2,341 |  |  | $ | 48 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 2,389 |
681-720 | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  |  | 339 |  |  | 12 |  |  | — |  |  | 351 |
620-680 | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  |  | 176 |  |  | 11 |  |  | — |  |  | 187 |
Below 620 | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  |  | 96 |  |  | 7 |  |  | — |  |  | 103 |
Data not available | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  |  | 81 |  |  | 5 |  |  | 34 |  |  | 120 |
Total home equity lines | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 3,033 |  |  | $ | 83 |  |  | $ | 34 |  |  | $ | 3,150 |
Home equity loans:
FICO scores: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Above 720 | $ | 328 |  | $ | 263 |  | $ | 308 |  | $ | 329 |  | $ | 163 |  | $ | 472 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,863 |
681-720 | 51 |  | 40 |  | 49 |  | 39 |  | 16 |  | 56 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 251 |
620-680 | 18 |  | 19 |  | 23 |  | 21 |  | 9 |  | 48 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 138 |
Below 620 | 3 |  | 7 |  | 14 |  | 13 |  | 5 |  | 37 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 79 |
Data not available | 1 |  | 1 |  | 4 |  | 7 |  | 4 |  | 26 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 16 |  |  | 59 |
Total home equity loans | $ | 401 |  | $ | 330 |  | $ | 398 |  | $ | 409 |  | $ | 197 |  | $ | 639 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 16 |  |  | $ | 2,390 |
Consumer credit card:
FICO scores: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Above 720 | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 847 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 847 |
681-720 | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  |  | 270 |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | 270 |
620-680 | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  |  | 224 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 224 |
Below 620 | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  |  | 108 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 108 |
Data not available | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  |  | 18 |  |  | — |  |  | (22) |  |  | (4) |
Total consumer credit card | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,467 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (22) |  |  | $ | 1,445 |
| December 31, 2024
Term Loans |  | Revolving Loans |  | Revolving Loans Converted to Amortizing |  | Other (1) |  | Total
2024 | 2023 | 2022 | 2021 | 2020 | Prior
Other consumer(2):
FICO scores: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Above 720 | $ | 898 |  | $ | 1,016 |  | $ | 1,337 |  | $ | 417 |  | $ | 232 |  | $ | 213 |  |  | $ | 117 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 4,230 |
681-720 | 160 |  | 191 |  | 275 |  | 97 |  | 49 |  | 40 |  |  | 62 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 874 |
620-680 | 82 |  | 111 |  | 191 |  | 64 |  | 31 |  | 25 |  |  | 50 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 554 |
Below 620 | 16 |  | 47 |  | 117 |  | 43 |  | 19 |  | 17 |  |  | 31 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 290 |
Data not available | 71 |  | 4 |  | 10 |  | 6 |  | 5 |  | 155 |  |  | 2 |  |  | — |  |  | (108) |  |  | 145 |
Total other consumer | $ | 1,227 |  | $ | 1,369 |  | $ | 1,930 |  | $ | 627 |  | $ | 336 |  | $ | 450 |  |  | $ | 262 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (108) |  |  | $ | 6,093 |
Total consumer loans | $ | 2,946 |  | $ | 4,042 |  | $ | 5,618 |  | $ | 5,707 |  | $ | 5,004 |  | $ | 4,916 |  |  | $ | 4,764 |  |  | $ | 83 |  |  | $ | 92 |  |  | $ | 33,172 |
Total Loans | $ | 14,669 |  | $ | 11,183 |  | $ | 16,269 |  | $ | 10,886 |  | $ | 7,503 |  | $ | 9,621 |  |  | $ | 26,327 |  |  | $ | 83 |  |  | $ | 186 |  |  | $ | 96,727 |
________ (1)Other consists of amounts that are not accounted for at the loan level. (2)Other consumer class includes overdrafts which are included in the current vintage year. Starting in 2025, other consumer loans also includes exit portfolios, which were previously presented separately. The portfolio consists primarily of indirect auto loans, and presentation of prior periods has been conformed accordingly. The following tables present gross charge-offs by vintage year for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024.
| Nine Months Ended September 30, 2025 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Term Loans |  | Revolving Loans |  | Total |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
2025 | 2024 | 2023 | 2022 | 2021 | Prior |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
(In millions) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial and industrial | $ | 1 |  | $ | 22 |  | $ | 26 |  | $ | 51 |  | $ | 8 |  | $ | 2 |  |  | $ | 74 |  |  | $ | 184 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial real estate mortgage—owner-occupied | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 1 |  | 2 |  |  | — |  |  | 3 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Total commercial | 1 |  | 22 |  | 26 |  | 51 |  | 9 |  | 4 |  |  | 74 |  |  | 187 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial investor real estate mortgage | 3 |  | 19 |  | 23 |  | 7 |  | — |  | 5 |  |  | 1 |  |  | 58 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Total investor real estate | 3 |  | 19 |  | 23 |  | 7 |  | — |  | 5 |  |  | 1 |  |  | 58 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Residential first mortgage | — |  | — |  | — |  | 2 |  | — |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 2 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Home equity lines | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  |  | 1 |  |  | 1 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Consumer credit card | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  |  | 50 |  |  | 50 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Other consumer(1) | 32 |  | 20 |  | 20 |  | 34 |  | 12 |  | 14 |  |  | 8 |  |  | 140 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Total consumer | 32 |  | 20 |  | 20 |  | 36 |  | 12 |  | 14 |  |  | 59 |  |  | 193 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Total gross charge-offs | $ | 36 |  | $ | 61 |  | $ | 69 |  | $ | 94 |  | $ | 21 |  | $ | 23 |  |  | $ | 134 |  |  | $ | 438 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024
Term Loans |  | Revolving Loans |  | Total
2024 | 2023 | 2022 | 2021 | 2020 | Prior
(In millions)
Commercial and industrial | $ | 6 |  | $ | 52 |  | $ | 51 |  | $ | 12 |  | $ | 6 |  | $ | 9 |  |  | $ | 56 |  |  | $ | 192 |
Commercial real estate mortgage—owner-occupied | — |  | — |  | — |  | 1 |  | — |  | 1 |  |  | — |  |  | 2 |
Total commercial | 6 |  | 52 |  | 51 |  | 13 |  | 6 |  | 10 |  |  | 56 |  |  | 194 |
Commercial investor real estate mortgage | — |  | — |  | 6 |  | 5 |  | — |  | 6 |  |  | — |  |  | 17 |
Total investor real estate | — |  | — |  | 6 |  | 5 |  | — |  | 6 |  |  | — |  |  | 17 |
Residential first mortgage | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 1 |  |  | — |  |  | 1 |
Home equity lines | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  |  | 3 |  |  | 3 |
Consumer credit card | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  |  | 47 |  |  | 47 |
Other consumer(1) | 28 |  | 30 |  | 46 |  | 15 |  | 7 |  | 12 |  |  | 7 |  |  | 145 |
Total consumer | 28 |  | 30 |  | 46 |  | 15 |  | 7 |  | 13 |  |  | 57 |  |  | 196 |
Total gross charge-offs | $ | 34 |  | $ | 82 |  | $ | 103 |  | $ | 33 |  | $ | 13 |  | $ | 29 |  |  | $ | 113 |  |  | $ | 407 |
______ (1)Other consumer class includes overdraft gross charge-offs. The majority of overdraft gross charge-offs for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 are included in the current vintage year. Starting in 2025, other consumer loans also includes exit portfolios, which were previously presented separately. The portfolio consists primarily of indirect auto loans, and presentation of prior periods has been conformed accordingly. AGING AND NON-ACCRUAL ANALYSIS The following tables include an aging analysis of DPD and loans on non-accrual status for each portfolio segment and class as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024. Loans on non-accrual status with no related allowance totaled $173 million and $119 million and were comprised of commercial and investor real estate loans at September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively. Non–accrual loans with no related allowance typically include loans where the underlying collateral is deemed sufficient to recover all remaining principal. Loans that have been fully charged-off do not appear in the tables below.
| September 30, 2025
| Accrual Loans |  |  |  |  |  |
| 30-59 DPD |  | 60-89 DPD |  | 90+ DPD |  | Total 30+ DPD |  | Total Accrual |  | Non-accrual |  | Total
| (In millions)
Commercial and industrial | $ | 43 |  |  | $ | 20 |  |  | $ | 4 |  |  | $ | 67 |  |  | $ | 48,710 |  |  | $ | 524 |  |  | $ | 49,234 |
Commercial real estate mortgage—owner-occupied | 7 |  |  | 3 |  |  | 2 |  |  | 12 |  |  | 4,794 |  |  | 41 |  |  | 4,835 |
Commercial real estate construction—owner-occupied | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 284 |  |  | 1 |  |  | 285 |
Total commercial | 50 |  |  | 23 |  |  | 6 |  |  | 79 |  |  | 53,788 |  |  | 566 |  |  | 54,354 |
Commercial investor real estate mortgage | 28 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 28 |  |  | 6,985 |  |  | 137 |  |  | 7,122 |
Commercial investor real estate construction | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,948 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,948 |
Total investor real estate | 28 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 28 |  |  | 8,933 |  |  | 137 |  |  | 9,070 |
Residential first mortgage | 119 |  |  | 75 |  |  | 132 |  |  | 326 |  |  | 19,857 |  |  | 24 |  |  | 19,881 |
Home equity lines | 20 |  |  | 8 |  |  | 14 |  |  | 42 |  |  | 3,185 |  |  | 24 |  |  | 3,209 |
Home equity loans | 9 |  |  | 5 |  |  | 7 |  |  | 21 |  |  | 2,333 |  |  | 7 |  |  | 2,340 |
Consumer credit card | 12 |  |  | 8 |  |  | 20 |  |  | 40 |  |  | 1,437 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,437 |
Other consumer(1) | 44 |  |  | 24 |  |  | 23 |  |  | 91 |  |  | 5,834 |  |  | — |  |  | 5,834 |
Total consumer | 204 |  |  | 120 |  |  | 196 |  |  | 520 |  |  | 32,646 |  |  | 55 |  |  | 32,701 |
| $ | 282 |  |  | $ | 143 |  |  | $ | 202 |  |  | $ | 627 |  |  | $ | 95,367 |  |  | $ | 758 |  |  | $ | 96,125 |
| December 31, 2024
| Accrual Loans |  |  |  |  |  |
| 30-59 DPD |  | 60-89 DPD |  | 90+ DPD |  | Total 30+ DPD |  | Total Accrual |  | Non-accrual |  | Total
| (In millions)
Commercial and industrial | $ | 51 |  |  | $ | 18 |  |  | $ | 7 |  |  | $ | 76 |  |  | $ | 49,263 |  |  | $ | 408 |  |  | $ | 49,671 |
Commercial real estate mortgage—owner-occupied | 4 |  |  | 1 |  |  | 1 |  |  | 6 |  |  | 4,804 |  |  | 37 |  |  | 4,841 |
Commercial real estate construction—owner-occupied | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 328 |  |  | 5 |  |  | 333 |
Total commercial | 55 |  |  | 19 |  |  | 8 |  |  | 82 |  |  | 54,395 |  |  | 450 |  |  | 54,845 |
Commercial investor real estate mortgage | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 6,144 |  |  | 423 |  |  | 6,567 |
Commercial investor real estate construction | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 2,143 |  |  | — |  |  | 2,143 |
Total investor real estate | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 8,287 |  |  | 423 |  |  | 8,710 |
Residential first mortgage | 139 |  |  | 78 |  |  | 143 |  |  | 360 |  |  | 20,071 |  |  | 23 |  |  | 20,094 |
Home equity lines | 15 |  |  | 9 |  |  | 16 |  |  | 40 |  |  | 3,124 |  |  | 26 |  |  | 3,150 |
Home equity loans | 11 |  |  | 6 |  |  | 7 |  |  | 24 |  |  | 2,384 |  |  | 6 |  |  | 2,390 |
Consumer credit card | 11 |  |  | 9 |  |  | 20 |  |  | 40 |  |  | 1,445 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,445 |
Other consumer(1) | 51 |  |  | 26 |  |  | 27 |  |  | 104 |  |  | 6,093 |  |  | — |  |  | 6,093 |
Total consumer | 227 |  |  | 128 |  |  | 213 |  |  | 568 |  |  | 33,117 |  |  | 55 |  |  | 33,172 |
| $ | 282 |  |  | $ | 147 |  |  | $ | 221 |  |  | $ | 650 |  |  | $ | 95,799 |  |  | $ | 928 |  |  | $ | 96,727 |
_____ (1) Starting in 2025, other consumer loans also includes exit portfolios, which were previously presented separately. The portfolio consists primarily of indirect auto loans, and presentation of prior periods has been conformed accordingly. At September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the Company had collateral-dependent commercial loans of $381 million and $264 million, respectively. At September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the Company had collateral-dependent investor real estate loans of $134 million and $323 million, respectively. The collateral for commercial and investor real estate loans generally consists of all business assets including real estate, receivables and equipment. At September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the Company had collateral-dependent residential mortgage and home equity loans and lines totaling $117 million and $115 million, respectively. The collateral for these loans are secured by residential real estate. Refer to Note 1 "Summary of Significant Accounting Policies" in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024 for additional details for the criteria of collateral-dependent loans. MODIFICATIONS TO BORROWERS EXPERIENCING FINANCIAL DIFFICULTY Modifications to troubled borrowers are loans where the borrower is experiencing financial difficulty at the time of modification and are undertaken in order to improve the likelihood of repayment. Refer to Note 1 "Summary of Significant Accounting Policies" in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024 for additional information. For each portfolio segment and class, the following tables present the end of period balances of new modifications to troubled borrowers and the related percentage of the loan portfolio period-end balance by the type of modification in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024.
|  |  |  | Three Months Ended September 30, 2025
|  |  | Term Extension |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Term Extension and Interest Rate Modification |  |  |  |  |  | Total
|  |  |  | $ | %(1) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | %(1) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | %(1)
|  |  |  | (Dollars in millions)
Commercial and industrial |  |  |  | $ | 27 |  | 0.06 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | — |  | — | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 27 |  | 0.06 | %
Commercial real estate mortgage—owner-occupied |  |  |  | 3 |  | 0.05 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  | — | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 3 |  | 0.05 | %
Total commercial |  |  |  | 30 |  | 0.05 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  | — | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 30 |  | 0.06 | %
Residential first mortgage |  |  |  | 50 |  | 0.25 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 5 |  | 0.02 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 55 |  | 0.28 | %
Home equity lines |  |  |  | — |  | — | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 2 |  | 0.05 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 2 |  | 0.05 | %
Home equity loans |  |  |  | 1 |  | 0.03 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1 |  | 0.06 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 2 |  | 0.09 | %
Total consumer |  |  |  | 51 |  | 0.15 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 8 |  | 0.02 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 59 |  | 0.18 | %
Total |  |  |  | $ | 81 |  | 0.08 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 8 |  | 0.01 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 89 |  | 0.09 | %
|  |  |  | Three Months Ended September 30, 2024
|  |  | Term Extension |  |  |  | Payment Deferral |  |  |  | Term Extension and Interest Rate Modification |  |  |  | Other |  | Total
|  |  |  | $ | %(1) |  |  |  |  | $ | %(1) |  |  |  |  | $ | %(1) |  |  |  |  | $ | %(1) |  | $ | %(1)
|  |  |  | (Dollars in millions)
Commercial and industrial |  |  |  | $ | 21 |  | 0.04 | % |  |  |  |  | $ | — |  | — | % |  |  |  |  | $ | 33 |  | 0.07 | % |  |  |  |  | $ | — |  | — | % |  | $ | 54 |  | 0.11 | %
Commercial real estate mortgage—owner-occupied |  |  |  | 2 |  | 0.04 | % |  |  |  |  | — |  | — | % |  |  |  |  | — |  | — | % |  |  |  |  | — |  | — | % |  | 2 |  | 0.04 | %
Total commercial |  |  |  | 23 |  | 0.04 | % |  |  |  |  | — |  | — | % |  |  |  |  | 33 |  | 0.06 | % |  |  |  |  | — |  | — | % |  | 56 |  | 0.10 | %
Commercial investor real estate mortgage |  |  |  | 72 |  | 1.10 | % |  |  |  |  | — |  | — | % |  |  |  |  | — |  | — | % |  |  |  |  | 29 |  | 0.44 | % |  | 101 |  | 1.54 | %
Total investor real estate |  |  |  | 72 |  | 0.82 | % |  |  |  |  | — |  | — | % |  |  |  |  | — |  | — | % |  |  |  |  | 29 |  | 0.33 | % |  | 101 |  | 1.14 | %
Residential first mortgage |  |  |  | 37 |  | 0.18 | % |  |  |  |  | 1 |  | 0.01 | % |  |  |  |  | 2 |  | 0.01 | % |  |  |  |  | — |  | — | % |  | 40 |  | 0.20 | %
Home equity lines |  |  |  | — |  | — | % |  |  |  |  | — |  | — | % |  |  |  |  | 4 |  | 0.13 | % |  |  |  |  | — |  | — | % |  | 4 |  | 0.13 | %
Home equity loans |  |  |  | 1 |  | 0.05 | % |  |  |  |  | — |  | — | % |  |  |  |  | 2 |  | 0.08 | % |  |  |  |  | — |  | — | % |  | 3 |  | 0.13 | %
Total consumer |  |  |  | 38 |  | 0.11 | % |  |  |  |  | 1 |  | — | % |  |  |  |  | 8 |  | 0.02 | % |  |  |  |  | — |  | — | % |  | 47 |  | 0.14 | %
Total |  |  |  | $ | 133 |  | 0.14 | % |  |  |  |  | $ | 1 |  | — | % |  |  |  |  | $ | 41 |  | 0.04 | % |  |  |  |  | $ | 29 |  | 0.03 | % |  | $ | 204 |  | 0.21 | %
| Nine Months Ended September 30, 2025
| Term Extension |  |  |  |  |  | Payment Deferral |  |  |  | Term Extension and Interest Rate Modification |  |  |  |  |  | Total
| $ | %(1) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | %(1) |  |  |  |  | $ | %(1) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | %(1)
| (Dollars in millions)
Commercial and industrial | $ | 105 |  | 0.21 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | — |  | — | % |  |  |  |  | $ | — |  | — | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 105 |  | 0.21 | %
Commercial real estate mortgage—owner-occupied | 3 |  | 0.07 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  | — | % |  |  |  |  | — |  | — | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 3 |  | 0.07 | %
Total commercial | 108 |  | 0.20 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  | — | % |  |  |  |  | — |  | — | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 108 |  | 0.20 | %
Commercial investor real estate mortgage | 77 |  | 1.07 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  | — | % |  |  |  |  | — |  | — | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 77 |  | 1.07 | %
Total investor real estate | 77 |  | 0.84 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  | — | % |  |  |  |  | — |  | — | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 77 |  | 0.84 | %
Residential first mortgage | 162 |  | 0.81 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 3 |  | 0.01 | % |  |  |  |  | 14 |  | 0.07 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 179 |  | 0.90 | %
Home equity lines | 1 |  | 0.02 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  | — | % |  |  |  |  | 5 |  | 0.14 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 6 |  | 0.17 | %
Home equity loans | 3 |  | 0.11 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  | — | % |  |  |  |  | 4 |  | 0.19 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 7 |  | 0.30 | %
Total consumer | 166 |  | 0.51 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 3 |  | 0.01 | % |  |  |  |  | 23 |  | 0.07 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 192 |  | 0.58 | %
Total | $ | 351 |  | 0.36 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 3 |  | — | % |  |  |  |  | $ | 23 |  | 0.02 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 377 |  | 0.39 | %
| Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024
| Term Extension |  |  |  |  |  | Payment Deferral |  |  |  | Term Extension and Interest Rate Modification |  |  |  | Other |  | Total
| $ | %(1) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | %(1) |  |  |  |  | $ | %(1) |  |  |  |  | $ | %(1) |  | $ | %(1)
| (Dollars in millions)
Commercial and industrial | $ | 51 |  | 0.10 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | — |  | — | % |  |  |  |  | $ | 33 |  | 0.07 | % |  |  |  |  | $ | — |  | — | % |  | $ | 84 |  | 0.17 | %
Commercial real estate mortgage—owner-occupied | 4 |  | 0.08 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  | — | % |  |  |  |  | — |  | — | % |  |  |  |  | — |  | — | % |  | 4 |  | 0.09 | %
Total commercial | 55 |  | 0.10 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  | — | % |  |  |  |  | 33 |  | 0.06 | % |  |  |  |  | — |  | — | % |  | 88 |  | 0.16 | %
Commercial investor real estate mortgage | 99 |  | 1.51 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  | — | % |  |  |  |  | — |  | — | % |  |  |  |  | 29 |  | 0.44 | % |  | 128 |  | 1.95 | %
Total investor real estate | 99 |  | 1.13 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  | — | % |  |  |  |  | — |  | — | % |  |  |  |  | 29 |  | 0.33 | % |  | 128 |  | 1.46 | %
Residential first mortgage | 115 |  | 0.57 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 2 |  | 0.01 | % |  |  |  |  | 4 |  | 0.02 | % |  |  |  |  | — |  | — | % |  | 121 |  | 0.60 | %
Home equity lines | — |  | 0.01 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  | — | % |  |  |  |  | 7 |  | 0.21 | % |  |  |  |  | — |  | — | % |  | 7 |  | 0.22 | %
Home equity loans | 3 |  | 0.13 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | — |  | — | % |  |  |  |  | 6 |  | 0.24 | % |  |  |  |  | — |  | — | % |  | 9 |  | 0.37 | %
Total consumer | 118 |  | 0.36 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 2 |  | 0.01 | % |  |  |  |  | 17 |  | 0.05 | % |  |  |  |  | — |  | — | % |  | 137 |  | 0.41 | %
Total | $ | 272 |  | 0.28 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 2 |  | — | % |  |  |  |  | $ | 50 |  | 0.05 | % |  |  |  |  | $ | 29 |  | 0.03 | % |  | $ | 353 |  | 0.36 | %
____ (1) Amounts calculated based upon whole dollar values. The end of period balance of unfunded commitments related to modifications to troubled borrowers was $118 million and $71 million at September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively. The following tables present the financial impact of modifications to troubled borrowers during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 by class of financing receivable and the type of modification. The tables include new modifications to troubled borrowers, as well as renewals of existing modifications to troubled borrowers.
|  |  | Three Months Ended September 30, 2025
|  |  | Term Extension |  |  |  | Term Extension and Interest Rate Modification |  |
|  |  | Weighted-Average Term Extension |  |  |  | Weighted-Average Term Extension |  | Weighted-Average Reduction in Interest Rate |  |  |  |
|  |  | (In years, except for percentage data)
Commercial and industrial |  |  | 0.92 |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |
Commercial real estate mortgage—owner-occupied |  |  | 0.75 |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |
Residential first mortgage |  |  | 6 |  |  |  | 6 |  | less than 1% |  |  |  |
Home equity lines |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | 25 |  | 1 | % |  |  |  |
Home equity loans |  |  | 7 |  |  |  | 21 |  | 3 | % |  |  |  |
| Three Months Ended September 30, 2024 |
| Term Extension |  | Payment Deferral |  | Term Extension and Interest Rate Modification |  |  |
| Weighted-Average Term Extension |  | Weighted-Average Payment Deferral |  | Weighted-Average Term Extension |  | Weighted-Average Reduction in Interest Rate |  |  |  |
| (In years, except for percentage data) |
Commercial and industrial | 1.08 |  | — |  |  | 1.17 |  | less than 2% |  |  |  |
Commercial real estate mortgage—owner-occupied | 1.42 |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |
Commercial investor real estate construction | 0.17 |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |
Residential first mortgage | 7 |  | 0.42 |  | 4 |  | less than 1% |  |  |  |
Home equity lines | — |  |  | — |  |  | 24 |  | 2 | % |  |  |  |
Home equity loans | 16 |  | — |  |  | 24 |  | 3 | % |  |  |  |
|  | Nine Months Ended September 30, 2025 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  |  | Term Extension |  | Payment Deferral |  | Term Extension and Interest Rate Modification |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  |  | Weighted-Average Term Extension |  | Weighted-Average Payment Deferral |  | Weighted-Average Term Extension |  | Weighted-Average Reduction in Interest Rate |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | (In years, except for percentage data) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial and industrial |  |  | 0.75 |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial real estate mortgage—owner-occupied |  |  | 1.75 |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial investor real estate mortgage |  |  | 0.67 |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Residential first mortgage |  |  | 7 |  | 0.67 |  | 5 |  | less than 1% |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Home equity lines |  |  | 29 |  | — |  |  | 26 |  | 1 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Home equity loans |  |  | 11 |  | — |  |  | 21 |  | 3 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Term Extension |  | Payment Deferral |  | Term Extension and Interest Rate Modification |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Weighted-Average Term Extension |  | Weighted-Average Payment Deferral |  | Weighted-Average Term Extension |  | Weighted-Average Reduction in Interest Rate |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| (In years, except for percentage data) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial and industrial | 1.83 |  | — |  |  | 1.17 |  | less than 2% |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial real estate mortgage—owner-occupied | 1.00 |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial investor real estate mortgage | 0.75 |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Residential first mortgage | 7 |  | 0.5 |  | 5 |  | less than 1% |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Home equity lines | — |  |  | — |  |  | 23 |  | 2 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Home equity loans | 12 |  | — |  |  | 25 |  | 2 | % |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
In addition to the financial impacts in the table above, during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, the Company had an other modification type in which a commercial investor real estate loan was modified from amortizing to an interest-only structure. Under this structure the interest was extended for an average of two months and principal payments were deferred. The following tables include the end of period balances of aging and non-accrual performance for modifications to troubled borrowers modified in the previous twelve-month period by portfolio segment and class as of September 30, 2025 and September 30, 2024.
| September 30, 2025 |
| Current |  | 30-89 DPD |  | 90+ DPD |  | Non-Performing Loans |  | Total |  |  |
| (In millions) |  |  |
Commercial and industrial | $ | 77 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 34 |  |  | $ | 111 |  |  |  |
Commercial real estate mortgage—owner-occupied | 3 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1 |  |  | 4 |  |  |  |
Total commercial | 80 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 35 |  |  | 115 |  |  |  |
Commercial investor real estate mortgage | 82 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 53 |  |  | 135 |  |  |  |
Total investor real estate | 82 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 53 |  |  | 135 |  |  |  |
Residential first mortgage | 155 |  |  | 39 |  |  | 17 |  |  | 7 |  |  | 218 |  |  |  |
Home equity lines | 6 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 2 |  |  | 8 |  |  |  |
Home equity loans | 8 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 3 |  |  | 11 |  |  |  |
Total consumer | 169 |  |  | 39 |  |  | 17 |  |  | 12 |  |  | 237 |  |  |  |
| $ | 331 |  |  | $ | 39 |  |  | $ | 17 |  |  | $ | 100 |  |  | $ | 487 |  |  |  |
| September 30, 2024
| Current |  | 30-89 DPD |  | 90+ DPD |  | Non-Performing Loans |  | Total
| (In millions)
Commercial and industrial | $ | 101 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 46 |  |  | $ | 147 |
Commercial real estate mortgage—owner-occupied | 3 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 2 |  |  | 5 |
Total commercial | 104 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 48 |  |  | 152 |
Commercial investor real estate mortgage | 103 |  |  | 27 |  |  | — |  |  | 134 |  |  | 264 |
Total investor real estate | 103 |  |  | 27 |  |  | — |  |  | 134 |  |  | 264 |
Residential first mortgage | 106 |  |  | 20 |  |  | 11 |  |  | 5 |  |  | 142 |
Home equity lines | 7 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1 |  |  | 8 |
Home equity loans | 8 |  |  | 1 |  |  | — |  |  | 1 |  |  | 10 |
Total consumer | 121 |  |  | 21 |  |  | 11 |  |  | 7 |  |  | 160 |
| $ | 328 |  |  | $ | 48 |  |  | $ | 11 |  |  | $ | 189 |  |  | $ | 576 |
For modifications to troubled borrowers, a subsequent payment default is defined in terms of delinquency, when a principal or interest payment is 90 days past due or classified as non-accrual status during the reporting period. Loans defaulted during the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2025 that were restructured as modifications to troubled borrowers during the previous twelve months had period-end balances of $26 million and $74 million, respectively. Loans defaulted during the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2024 that were restructured as modifications to troubled borrowers during the previous twelve months had period-end balances of $49 million and $183 million, respectively.

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