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Employee Benefit Plans | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2018
Retirement Benefits, Description [Abstract] |
Employee Benefit Plans | EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS FCB sponsors benefit plans for its qualifying employees and former First Citizens Bancorporation, Inc. employees (legacy Bancorporation) including noncontributory defined benefit pension plans, a 401(k) savings plan and an enhanced 401(k) savings plan. These plans are qualified under the Internal Revenue Code. FCB also maintains agreements with certain executives that provide supplemental benefits that are paid upon death or separation from service at an agreed-upon age. Defined Benefit Pension Plans Employees who were hired prior to April 1, 2007 and qualified under length of service and other requirements are covered by a noncontributory defined benefit pension plan (BancShares Plan). The BancShares Plan was closed to new participants as of April 1, 2007. Retirement benefits are based on years of service and highest annual compensation for five consecutive years during the last ten years of employment. Covered employees were fully vested in the BancShares Plan after five years of service. FCB makes contributions to the pension plan in amounts between the minimum required for funding and the maximum amount deductible for federal income tax purposes. Discretionary contributions of $50.0 million were made to the BancShares Plan during both 2018 and 2017. Management evaluates the need for its pension plan contributions on a periodic basis based upon numerous factors including, but not limited to, the funded status of and returns on the BancShares Plan, discount rates and the current economic environment. Certain legacy Bancorporation employees who qualified under length of service and other requirements are covered by a noncontributory defined benefit pension plan (Bancorporation Plan). The Bancorporation Plan was closed to new participants as of September 1, 2007. Retirement benefits are based on years of service and highest average annual compensation for five consecutive years during the last ten years of employment. Covered employees were fully vested in the Bancorporation Plan after five years of service. FCB makes contributions to the Bancorporation Plan in amounts between the minimum required for funding and the maximum amount deductible for federal income tax purposes. No contributions were made to the Bancorporation Plan for 2018 and 2017. Management evaluates the need for its pension plan contributions on a periodic basis based upon numerous factors including, but not limited to, the funded status of and returns on the Bancorporation Plan, discount rates and the current economic environment. Obligations and Funded Status BancShares Plan The following table provides the changes in benefit obligation and plan assets and the funded status of the plan at December 31, 2018 and 2017.
(Dollars in thousands) | 2018 |  | 2017
Change in benefit obligation |  |  |
Projected benefit obligation at January 1 | $ | 749,948 |  |  | $ | 673,227 |
Service cost | 13,582 |  |  | 12,638 |
Interest cost | 28,376 |  |  | 28,940 |
Actuarial (gain) loss | (77,484 | ) |  | 57,041 |
Benefits paid | (23,507 | ) |  | (21,898 | )
Projected benefit obligation at December 31 | 690,915 |  |  | 749,948 |
Change in plan assets |  |  |
Fair value of plan assets at January 1 | 712,999 |  |  | 600,616 |
Actual return on plan assets | (48,025 | ) |  | 84,281 |
Employer contributions | 50,000 |  |  | 50,000 |
Benefits paid | (23,507 | ) |  | (21,898 | )
Fair value of plan assets at December 31 | 691,467 |  |  | 712,999 |
Funded status at December 31 | $ | 552 |  |  | $ | (36,949 | )
The amounts recognized in the consolidated balance sheets at December 31, 2018 and 2017 consist of:
(Dollars in thousands) | 2018 |  | 2017
Other assets | $ | 552 |  |  | $ | — |
Other liabilities | — |  |  | (36,949 | )
Net asset (liability) recognized | $ | 552 |  |  | $ | (36,949 | )
The following table details the amounts recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income at December 31, 2018 and 2017.
(Dollars in thousands) | 2018 |  | 2017
Net loss | $ | 130,564 |  |  | $ | 125,745 |
Prior service cost | 57 |  |  | 137 |
Accumulated other comprehensive loss, excluding income taxes | $ | 130,621 |  |  | $ | 125,882 |
The following table provides expected amortization amounts for 2019.
(Dollars in thousands) |
Actuarial loss | $ | 8,455 |
Prior service cost | 57 |
Total | $ | 8,512 |
The accumulated benefit obligation for the plan at December 31, 2018 and 2017, was $626.7 million and $659.0 million, respectively. The BancShares Plan uses a measurement date of December 31. The fair value of plan assets exceeded the projected benefit obligation as of December 31, 2018 and the projected benefit obligation exceeded the fair value of plan assets as of December 31, 2017. The fair value of plan assets exceeded the accumulated benefit obligation as of December 31, 2018 and 2017. The following table shows the components of periodic benefit cost related to the pension plan and changes in plan assets and benefit obligations recognized in OCI for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016.
| Year ended December 31
(Dollars in thousands) | 2018 |  | 2017 |  | 2016
Service cost | $ | 13,582 |  |  | $ | 12,638 |  |  | $ | 12,618 |
Interest cost | 28,376 |  |  | 28,940 |  |  | 28,892 |
Expected return on assets | (47,867 | ) |  | (42,074 | ) |  | (36,643 | )
Amortization of prior service cost | 79 |  |  | 210 |  |  | 210 |
Amortization of net actuarial loss | 13,589 |  |  | 8,855 |  |  | 6,859 |
Total net periodic benefit cost | 7,759 |  |  | 8,569 |  |  | 11,936 |
Current year actuarial loss | 18,407 |  |  | 14,834 |  |  | 56,268 |
Amortization of actuarial loss | (13,589 | ) |  | (8,855 | ) |  | (6,859 | )
Amortization of prior service cost | (79 | ) |  | (210 | ) |  | (210 | )
Total recognized in other comprehensive income | 4,739 |  |  | 5,769 |  |  | 49,199 |
Total recognized in net periodic benefit cost and other comprehensive income | $ | 12,498 |  |  | $ | 14,338 |  |  | $ | 61,135 |
The assumptions used to determine the benefit obligations at December 31, 2018 and 2017 are as follows:
(Dollars in thousands) | 2018 |  | 2017
Discount rate | 4.38 | % |  | 3.76 | %
Rate of compensation increase | 5.60 |  |  | 4.00 |
The assumptions used to determine the net periodic benefit cost for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016, are as follows:
(Dollars in thousands) | 2018 |  | 2017 |  | 2016
Discount rate | 3.76 | % |  | 4.30 | % |  | 4.68 | %
Rate of compensation increase | 4.00 |  |  | 4.00 |  |  | 4.00 |
Expected long-term return on plan assets | 7.50 |  |  | 7.50 |  |  | 7.50 |
The estimated discount rate, which represents the interest rate that could be obtained for a suitable investment used to fund the benefit obligations, is based on a yield curve developed from high-quality corporate bonds across a full maturity spectrum. The projected cash flows of the pension plan are discounted based on this yield curve and a single discount rate is calculated to achieve the same present value. The weighted average expected long-term rate of return on BancShares Plan assets represents the average rate of return expected to be earned on BancShares Plan assets over the period the benefits included in the benefit obligation are to be paid. In developing the expected rate of return, historical and current returns, as well as investment allocation strategies, on BancShares Plan assets are considered. Bancorporation Plan The following table provides the changes in benefit obligation and plan assets and the funded status of the plan at December 31, 2018 and 2017.
(Dollars in thousands) | 2018 |  | 2017
Change in benefit obligation |  |  |
Projected benefit obligation at January 1 | $ | 169,480 |  |  | $ | 156,831 |
Service cost | 2,572 |  |  | 2,548 |
Interest cost | 6,357 |  |  | 6,653 |
Actuarial (gain) loss | (10,268 | ) |  | 9,168 |
Benefits paid | (6,081 | ) |  | (5,720 | )
Projected benefit obligation at December 31 | 162,060 |  |  | 169,480 |
Change in plan assets |  |  |
Fair value of plan assets at January 1 | 168,591 |  |  | 152,084 |
Actual return on plan assets | (11,443 | ) |  | 22,227 |
Benefits paid | (6,081 | ) |  | (5,720 | )
Fair value of plan assets at December 31 | 151,067 |  |  | 168,591 |
Funded status at December 31 | $ | (10,993 | ) |  | $ | (889 | )
The amounts recognized in the Consolidated Balance Sheets at December 31, 2018 and 2017 consist of:
(Dollars in thousands) | 2018 |  | 2017
Other assets | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Other liabilities | (10,993 | ) |  | (889 | )
Net liability recognized | $ | (10,993 | ) |  | $ | (889 | )
The following table details the amounts recognized in accumulated other comprehensive loss at December 31, 2018 and 2017.
(Dollars in thousands) | 2018 |  | 2017
Net loss | $ | 32,409 |  |  | $ | 19,117 |
Prior service cost | — |  |  | — |
Accumulated other comprehensive loss, excluding income taxes | $ | 32,409 |  |  | $ | 19,117 |
The following table provides expected amortization amounts for 2019.
(Dollars in thousands) |
Actuarial loss | $ | 2,505 |
Prior service cost | — |
Total | $ | 2,505 |
The accumulated benefit obligation for the plan at December 31, 2018 and 2017, was $152.3 million and $157.6 million, respectively. The Bancorporation Plan uses a measurement date of December 31. The projected benefit obligation exceeded the fair value of plan assets as of December 31, 2018 and 2017. The accumulated benefit obligation exceeded the fair value of plan assets as of December 31, 2018 and the fair value of plan assets exceeded the accumulated benefit obligation as of December 31, 2017. The following table shows the components of periodic benefit cost related to the pension plan and changes in plan assets and benefit obligations recognized in OCI for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016.
| Year ended December 31
(Dollars in thousands) | 2018 |  | 2017 |  | 2016
Service cost | $ | 2,572 |  |  | $ | 2,548 |  |  | $ | 2,567 |
Interest cost | 6,357 |  |  | 6,653 |  |  | 6,775 |
Expected return on assets | (12,429 | ) |  | (11,170 | ) |  | (11,101 | )
Amortization of net actuarial loss | 313 |  |  | 655 |  |  | — |
Total net periodic benefit income | (3,187 | ) |  | (1,314 | ) |  | (1,759 | )
Current year actuarial gain (loss) | 13,605 |  |  | (1,889 | ) |  | 14,157 |
Amortization of actuarial loss | (313 | ) |  | (655 | ) |  | — |
Total recognized in other comprehensive income | 13,292 |  |  | (2,544 | ) |  | 14,157 |
Total recognized in net periodic benefit cost and other comprehensive income | $ | 10,105 |  |  | $ | (3,858 | ) |  | $ | 12,398 |
The assumptions used to determine the benefit obligations at December 31, 2018 and 2017 are as follows:
(Dollars in thousands) | 2018 |  | 2017
Discount rate | 4.38 | % |  | 3.76 | %
Rate of compensation increase | 5.60 |  |  | 4.00 |
The assumptions used to determine the net periodic benefit cost for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016 are as follows:
(Dollars in thousands) | 2018 |  | 2017 |  | 2016
Discount rate | 3.76 | % |  | 4.30 | % |  | 4.68 | %
Rate of compensation increase | 4.00 |  |  | 4.00 |  |  | 4.00 |
Expected long-term return on plan assets | 7.50 |  |  | 7.50 |  |  | 7.50 |
The estimated discount rate, which represents the interest rate that could be obtained for a suitable investment used to fund the benefit obligations, is based on a yield curve developed from high-quality corporate bonds across a full maturity spectrum. The projected cash flows of the pension plan are discounted based on this yield curve and a single discount rate is calculated to achieve the same present value. The weighted average expected long-term rate of return on Bancorporation Plan assets represents the average rate of return expected to be earned on Bancorporation Plan assets over the period the benefits included in the benefit obligation are to be paid. In developing the expected rate of return, historical and current returns, as well as investment allocation strategies, on Bancorporation Plan assets are considered. Plan Assets For the BancShares Plan and Bancorporation Plan, our primary total return objective is to achieve returns that, over the long term, will fund retirement liabilities and provide for the desired plan benefits in a manner that satisfies the fiduciary requirements of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act. The plan assets have a long-term time horizon that runs concurrent with the average life expectancy of the participants. As such, the Plans can assume a time horizon that extends well beyond a full market cycle and can assume a reasonable level of risk. It is expected, however, that both professional investment management and sufficient portfolio diversification will smooth volatility and help to generate a reasonable consistency of return. The investments are broadly diversified across global, economic and market risk factors in an attempt to reduce volatility and target multiple return sources. Within approved guidelines and restrictions, the investment manager has discretion over the timing and selection of individual investments. Plan assets are currently held by The FCB Trust Department. BancShares Plan The fair values of pension plan assets at December 31, 2018 and 2017, by asset class are as follows:
| December 31, 2018
(Dollars in thousands) | Market Value |  | Quoted prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) |  | Significant Observable Inputs (Level 2) |  | Significant Nonobservable Inputs (Level 3) |  | Target Allocation |  | Actual % of Plan Assets
Cash and equivalents | $ | 16,236 |  |  | $ | 16,236 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 0 - 5% |  | 2 | %
Equity securities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 30 - 70% |  | 64 | %
Common and preferred stock | 117,300 |  |  | 117,300 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |
Mutual funds | 321,023 |  |  | 319,254 |  |  | 1,769 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |
Fixed income |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 15 - 45% |  | 30 | %
U.S. government and government agency securities | 65,545 |  |  | — |  |  | 65,545 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |
Corporate bonds | 119,469 |  |  | — |  |  | 119,469 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |
Mutual funds | 23,813 |  |  | 23,813 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |
Alternative investments |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0 - 30% |  | 4 | %
Mutual funds | 28,081 |  |  | 28,081 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |
Total pension assets | $ | 691,467 |  |  | $ | 504,684 |  |  | $ | 186,783 |  |  | $ | — |  |  |  |  | 100 | %
| December 31, 2017
| Market Value |  | Quoted prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) |  | Significant Observable Inputs (Level 2) |  | Significant Nonobservable Inputs (Level 3) |  | Target Allocation |  | Actual % of Plan Assets
Cash and equivalents | $ | 67,084 |  |  | $ | 67,084 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | 0 - 5% |  | 9 | %
Equity securities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 30 - 70% |  | 65 | %
Common and preferred stock | 76,920 |  |  | 76,920 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |
Mutual funds | 381,747 |  |  | 360,175 |  |  | 21,572 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |
Fixed income |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 15 - 45% |  | 23 | %
U.S. government and government agency securities | 60,663 |  |  | — |  |  | 60,663 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |
Corporate bonds | 83,571 |  |  | — |  |  | 83,571 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |
Mutual funds | 20,497 |  |  | 20,497 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |
Alternative investments |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0 - 30% |  | 3 | %
Mutual funds | 22,517 |  |  | 22,517 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |
Total pension assets | $ | 712,999 |  |  | $ | 547,193 |  |  | $ | 165,806 |  |  | $ | — |  |  |  |  | 100 | %
Cash and equivalents comprise approximately 9 percent of BancShares actual plan assets at December 31, 2017, exceeding the target allocation range due to the $50.0 million contribution to the plan in December 2017. Bancorporation Plan
| December 31, 2018
(Dollars in thousands) | Market Value |  | Quoted prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) |  | Significant Observable Inputs (Level 2) |  | Significant Nonobservable Inputs (Level 3) |  | Target Allocation |  | Actual % of Plan Assets
Cash and equivalents | $ | 2,793 |  |  | $ | 2,793 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | 0 - 5% |  | 2 | %
Equity securities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 30 - 70% |  | 66 | %
Common and preferred stock | 26,639 |  |  | 26,639 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |
Mutual funds | 74,305 |  |  | 73,850 |  |  | 455 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |
Fixed income |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 15 - 45% |  | 27 | %
U.S. government and government agency securities | 13,749 |  |  | — |  |  | 13,749 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |
Corporate bonds | 20,889 |  |  | — |  |  | 20,889 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |
Mutual funds | 5,748 |  |  | 5,748 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |
Alternative investments |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0 - 30% |  | 5 | %
Mutual funds | 6,944 |  |  | 6,944 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |
Total pension assets | $ | 151,067 |  |  | $ | 115,974 |  |  | $ | 35,093 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | 100 | %
| December 31, 2017
| Market Value |  | Quoted prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) |  | Significant Observable Inputs (Level 2) |  | Significant Nonobservable Inputs (Level 3) |  | Target Allocation |  | Actual % of Plan Assets
Cash and equivalents | $ | 3,941 |  |  | $ | 3,941 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | 0 - 5% |  | 2 | %
Equity securities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 30 - 70% |  | 70 | %
Common and preferred stock | 26,892 |  |  | 26,892 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |
Mutual funds | 90,466 |  |  | 84,954 |  |  | 5,512 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |
Fixed income |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 15 - 45% |  | 25 | %
U.S. government and government agency securities | 15,798 |  |  | — |  |  | 15,798 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |
Corporate bonds | 20,572 |  |  | — |  |  | 20,572 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |
Mutual funds | 5,163 |  |  | 5,163 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |
Alternative investments |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0 - 30% |  | 3 | %
Mutual funds | 5,759 |  |  | 5,759 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |
Total pension assets | $ | 168,591 |  |  | $ | 126,709 |  |  | $ | 41,882 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | 100 | %
Cash Flows The following are estimated payments to pension plan participants in the indicated periods for each plan:
(Dollars in thousands) | BancShares Plan |  | Bancorporation Plan
2019 | $ | 27,050 |  |  | $ | 7,044 |
2020 | 29,137 |  |  | 7,473 |
2021 | 31,260 |  |  | 7,863 |
2022 | 33,168 |  |  | 8,284 |
2023 | 35,031 |  |  | 8,685 |
2024-2028 | 201,126 |  |  | 48,868 |
401(k) Savings Plans Effective January 1, 2015, FCB merged the legacy Bancorporation 401(k) savings plan and Bancorporation enhanced 401(k) savings plan into the existing BancShares 401(k) savings plan and BancShares enhanced 401(k) savings plan. Participation in and terms of the FCB 401(k) plan and enhanced 401(k) plan did not change as a result of the mergers. Certain employees enrolled in the defined benefit plan are also eligible to participate in a 401(k) savings plan through deferral of portions of their salary. For employees who participate in the 401(k) savings plan who also continue to accrue additional years of service under the defined benefit plan, FCB makes a matching contribution equal to 100 percent of the first 3 percent and 50 percent of the next 3 percent of the participant's deferral up to and including a maximum contribution of 4.5 percent of the participant's eligible compensation. The matching contribution immediately vests. At the end of 2007, current employees were given the option to continue to accrue additional years of service under the defined benefit plan or to elect to join an enhanced 401(k) savings plan. Under the enhanced 401(k) savings plan, FCB matches up to 100 percent of the participant's deferrals not to exceed 6 percent of the participant's eligible compensation. The matching contribution immediately vests. In addition to the employer match of the employee contributions, the enhanced 401(k) savings plan provides a guaranteed contribution equal to 3 percent of the compensation of a participant who remains employed at the end of the calendar year. Employees who elected to enroll in the enhanced 401(k) savings plan discontinued the accrual of additional years of service under the defined benefit plan and became enrolled in the enhanced 401(k) savings plan effective January 1, 2008. Eligible employees hired after January 1, 2008, are eligible to participate in the enhanced 401(k) savings plan. FCB made participating contributions to the 401(k) plans of $28.6 million, $25.3 million and $23.5 million during 2018, 2017 and 2016, respectively. Additional Benefits for Executives, Directors and Officers of Acquired Entities FCB has entered into contractual agreements with certain executives that provide payments for a period of no more than ten years following separation from service that occurs no earlier than an agreed-upon age. These agreements also provide a death benefit in the event a participant dies prior to separation from service or during the payment period following separation from service. FCB has also assumed liability for contractual obligations to directors and officers of previously acquired entities. The following table provides the accrued liability as of December 31, 2018 and 2017, and the changes in the accrued liability during the years then ended:
(Dollars in thousands) | 2018 |  | 2017
Present value of accrued liability as of January 1 | $ | 37,299 |  |  | $ | 38,597 |
Liability assumed in the Capital Commerce merger | 808 |  |  | — |
Benefit expense and interest cost | 535 |  |  | 3,262 |
Benefits paid | (4,579 | ) |  | (4,560 | )
Present value of accrued liability as of December 31 | $ | 34,063 |  |  | $ | 37,299 |
Discount rate at December 31 | 4.38 | % |  | 3.76 | %
Other Compensation Plans FCB offers various short-term and long-term incentive plans for certain employees. Compensation awarded under these plans may be based on defined formulas or other performance criteria, or it may be at the discretion of management. The incentive compensation programs were designed to motivate employees through a balanced approach of risk and reward for their contributions toward FCB's success. As of December 31, 2018 and 2017, the accrued liability for incentive compensation was $46.4 million and $33.4 million, respectively.

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