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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

☒ | QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended May 31, 2023
or

☐ | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to
Commission File Number: 001-14063

JABIL INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware |  | 38-1886260
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) |  | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

10800 Roosevelt Boulevard North, St. Petersburg, Florida 33716
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)
(727) 577-9749
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class | Trading symbol(s) | Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, $0.001 par value per share | JBL | New York Stock Exchange

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer | ☒ | Accelerated filer | ☐
Non-accelerated filer | ☐ | Smaller reporting company | ☐
|  | Emerging growth company | ☐

1

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒
As of June 22, 2023, there were 130,881,417 shares of the registrant’s Common Stock outstanding.
2

Table of Contents
JABIL INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES INDEX

Part I – Financial Information |
Item 1. | Financial Statements |
| Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of May 31, 2023 and August 31, 2022 | 1
| Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three months and nine months ended May 31, 2023 and 2022 | 2
| Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the three months and nine months ended May 31, 2023 and 2022 | 3
| Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity for the three months and nine months ended May 31, 2023 and 2022 | 4
| Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the nine months ended May 31, 2023 and 2022 | 5
| Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements | 6
Item 2. | Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations | 18
Item 3. | Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk | 27
Item 4. | Controls and Procedures | 27
Part II – Other Information |
Item 1. | Legal Proceedings | 29
Item 1A. | Risk Factors | 29
Item 2. | Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds | 29
Item 3. | Defaults Upon Senior Securities | 29
Item 4. | Mine Safety Disclosures | 29
Item 5. | Other Information | 29
Item 6. | Exhibits | 30
| Signatures | 32

Table of Contents
PART I—FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. | Financial Statements

JABIL INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(in millions, except for share data)

| May 31, 2023 (Unaudited) |  | August 31, 2022
ASSETS |  |  |
Current assets: |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 1,480 |  |  | $ | 1,478 |
Accounts receivable, net of allowance for credit losses | 3,599 |  |  | 3,995 |
Contract assets | 1,173 |  |  | 1,196 |
Inventories, net | 6,084 |  |  | 6,128 |
Prepaid expenses and other current assets | 1,273 |  |  | 1,111 |
Total current assets | 13,609 |  |  | 13,908 |
Property, plant and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation of $6,055 as of May 31, 2023 and $5,624 as of August 31, 2022 | 3,919 |  |  | 3,954 |
Operating lease right-of-use asset | 484 |  |  | 500 |
Goodwill | 737 |  |  | 704 |
Intangible assets, net of accumulated amortization of $497 as of May 31, 2023 and $471 as of August 31, 2022 | 150 |  |  | 158 |
Deferred income taxes | 233 |  |  | 199 |
Other assets | 304 |  |  | 294 |
Total assets | $ | 19,436 |  |  | $ | 19,717 |
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY |  |  |
Current liabilities: |  |  |
Current installments of notes payable and long-term debt | $ | 300 |  |  | $ | 300 |
Accounts payable | 6,406 |  |  | 8,006 |
Accrued expenses | 5,964 |  |  | 5,272 |
Current operating lease liabilities | 126 |  |  | 119 |
Total current liabilities | 12,796 |  |  | 13,697 |
Notes payable and long-term debt, less current installments | 2,874 |  |  | 2,575 |
Other liabilities | 311 |  |  | 272 |
Non-current operating lease liabilities | 386 |  |  | 417 |
Income tax liabilities | 205 |  |  | 182 |
Deferred income taxes | 127 |  |  | 122 |
Total liabilities | 16,699 |  |  | 17,265 |
Commitments and contingencies |  |  |
Equity: |  |  |
Jabil Inc. stockholders’ equity: |  |  |
Preferred stock, $0.001 par value, authorized 10,000,000 shares; no shares issued and no shares outstanding | — |  |  | — |
Common stock, $0.001 par value, authorized 500,000,000 shares; 273,536,549 and 270,891,715 shares issued and 131,351,864 and 135,493,980 shares outstanding as of May 31, 2023 and August 31, 2022, respectively | — |  |  | — |
Additional paid-in capital | 2,758 |  |  | 2,655 |
Retained earnings | 4,268 |  |  | 3,638 |
Accumulated other comprehensive loss | (11) |  |  | (42) |
Treasury stock at cost, 142,184,685 and 135,397,735 shares as of May 31, 2023 and August 31, 2022, respectively | (4,279) |  |  | (3,800) |
Total Jabil Inc. stockholders’ equity | 2,736 |  |  | 2,451 |
Noncontrolling interests | 1 |  |  | 1 |
Total equity | 2,737 |  |  | 2,452 |
Total liabilities and equity | $ | 19,436 |  |  | $ | 19,717 |

See accompanying notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
1

Table of Contents
JABIL INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(in millions, except for per share data)
(Unaudited)

| Three months ended |  | Nine months ended
| May 31, 2023 |  | May 31, 2022 |  | May 31, 2023 |  | May 31, 2022
Net revenue | $ | 8,475 |  |  | $ | 8,328 |  |  | $ | 26,244 |  |  | $ | 24,448 |
Cost of revenue | 7,778 |  |  | 7,709 |  |  | 24,143 |  |  | 22,545 |
Gross profit | 697 |  |  | 619 |  |  | 2,101 |  |  | 1,903 |
Operating expenses: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Selling, general and administrative | 307 |  |  | 282 |  |  | 911 |  |  | 870 |
Research and development | 8 |  |  | 8 |  |  | 25 |  |  | 25 |
Amortization of intangibles | 7 |  |  | 8 |  |  | 24 |  |  | 24 |
Restructuring, severance and related charges | — |  |  | — |  |  | 45 |  |  | — |
Operating income | 375 |  |  | 321 |  |  | 1,096 |  |  | 984 |
Loss on debt extinguishment | — |  |  | 4 |  |  | — |  |  | 4 |
Other expense (income) | 18 |  |  | 1 |  |  | 50 |  |  | (2) |
Interest income | (32) |  |  | (1) |  |  | (62) |  |  | (2) |
Interest expense | 83 |  |  | 39 |  |  | 216 |  |  | 105 |
Income before income tax | 306 |  |  | 278 |  |  | 892 |  |  | 879 |
Income tax expense | 73 |  |  | 60 |  |  | 229 |  |  | 198 |
Net income | 233 |  |  | 218 |  |  | 663 |  |  | 681 |
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests, net of tax | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Net income attributable to Jabil Inc. | $ | 233 |  |  | $ | 218 |  |  | $ | 663 |  |  | $ | 681 |
Earnings per share attributable to the stockholders of Jabil Inc.: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic | $ | 1.76 |  |  | $ | 1.55 |  |  | $ | 4.96 |  |  | $ | 4.77 |
Diluted | $ | 1.72 |  |  | $ | 1.52 |  |  | $ | 4.86 |  |  | $ | 4.67 |
Weighted average shares outstanding: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic | 132.3 |  |  | 140.4 |  |  | 133.6 |  |  | 142.6 |
Diluted | 135.1 |  |  | 143.3 |  |  | 136.4 |  |  | 145.8 |

See accompanying notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
2

Table of Contents
JABIL INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(in millions)
(Unaudited)

| Three months ended |  | Nine months ended
| May 31, 2023 |  | May 31, 2022 |  | May 31, 2023 |  | May 31, 2022
Net income | $ | 233 |  |  | $ | 218 |  |  | $ | 663 |  |  | $ | 681 |
Other comprehensive income (loss): |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Change in foreign currency translation | 3 |  |  | (9) |  |  | 21 |  |  | (20) |
Change in derivative instruments: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Change in fair value of derivatives | (13) |  |  | 6 |  |  | (20) |  |  | 31 |
Adjustment for net (gains) losses realized and included in net income | (8) |  |  | 9 |  |  | 36 |  |  | 6 |
Total change in derivative instruments | (21) |  |  | 15 |  |  | 16 |  |  | 37 |
Actuarial loss | (3) |  |  | (5) |  |  | (8) |  |  | (15) |
Prior service credit | 1 |  |  | 1 |  |  | 2 |  |  | 3 |
Total other comprehensive (loss) income | (20) |  |  | 2 |  |  | 31 |  |  | 5 |
Comprehensive income | $ | 213 |  |  | $ | 220 |  |  | $ | 694 |  |  | $ | 686 |
Comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interests | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Comprehensive income attributable to Jabil Inc. | $ | 213 |  |  | $ | 220 |  |  | $ | 694 |  |  | $ | 686 |

See accompanying notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
3

Table of Contents
JABIL INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(in millions)
(Unaudited)

| Three months ended |  | Nine months ended
| May 31, 2023 |  | May 31, 2022 |  | May 31, 2023 |  | May 31, 2022
Total stockholders' equity, beginning balances | $ | 2,674 |  |  | $ | 2,338 |  |  | $ | 2,452 |  |  | $ | 2,137 |
Common stock: | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Additional paid-in capital: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Beginning balances | 2,742 |  |  | 2,608 |  |  | 2,655 |  |  | 2,533 |
Shares issued under employee stock purchase plan | — |  |  | — |  |  | 27 |  |  | 26 |
Recognition of stock-based compensation | 16 |  |  | 14 |  |  | 76 |  |  | 63 |
Ending balances | 2,758 |  |  | 2,622 |  |  | 2,758 |  |  | 2,622 |
Retained earnings: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Beginning balances | 4,046 |  |  | 3,127 |  |  | 3,638 |  |  | 2,688 |
Declared dividends | (11) |  |  | (12) |  |  | (33) |  |  | (36) |
Net income attributable to Jabil Inc. | 233 |  |  | 218 |  |  | 663 |  |  | 681 |
Ending balances | 4,268 |  |  | 3,333 |  |  | 4,268 |  |  | 3,333 |
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss): |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Beginning balances | 9 |  |  | (22) |  |  | (42) |  |  | (25) |
Total other comprehensive (loss) income | (20) |  |  | 2 |  |  | 31 |  |  | 5 |
Ending balances | (11) |  |  | (20) |  |  | (11) |  |  | (20) |
Treasury stock: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Beginning balances | (4,124) |  |  | (3,376) |  |  | (3,800) |  |  | (3,060) |
Purchases of treasury stock under employee stock plans | — |  |  | — |  |  | (36) |  |  | (44) |
Treasury shares purchased | (154) |  |  | (203) |  |  | (442) |  |  | (475) |
Excise taxes related to treasury shares purchased | (1) |  |  | — |  |  | (1) |  |  | — |
Ending balances | (4,279) |  |  | (3,579) |  |  | (4,279) |  |  | (3,579) |
Noncontrolling interests: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Beginning balances | 1 |  |  | 1 |  |  | 1 |  |  | 1 |
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Ending balances | 1 |  |  | 1 |  |  | 1 |  |  | 1 |
Total stockholders' equity, ending balances | $ | 2,737 |  |  | $ | 2,357 |  |  | $ | 2,737 |  |  | $ | 2,357 |

See accompanying notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
4

Table of Contents
JABIL INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(in millions)
(Unaudited)

| Nine months ended
| May 31, 2023 |  | May 31, 2022
Cash flows provided by operating activities: |  |  |
Net income | $ | 663 |  |  | $ | 681 |
Depreciation, amortization, and other, net | 752 |  |  | 768 |
Change in operating assets and liabilities, exclusive of net assets acquired | (367) |  |  | (704) |
Net cash provided by operating activities | 1,048 |  |  | 745 |
Cash flows used in investing activities: |  |  |
Acquisition of property, plant and equipment | (860) |  |  | (1,068) |
Proceeds and advances from sale of property, plant and equipment | 180 |  |  | 470 |
Cash paid for business and intangible asset acquisitions, net of cash | (30) |  |  | (18) |
Other, net | (28) |  |  | — |
Net cash used in investing activities | (738) |  |  | (616) |
Cash flows used in financing activities: |  |  |
Borrowings under debt agreements | 3,556 |  |  | 2,621 |
Payments toward debt agreements | (3,369) |  |  | (2,707) |
Payments to acquire treasury stock | (442) |  |  | (475) |
Dividends paid to stockholders | (34) |  |  | (37) |
Net proceeds from exercise of stock options and issuance of common stock under employee stock purchase plan | 27 |  |  | 26 |
Treasury stock minimum tax withholding related to vesting of restricted stock | (36) |  |  | (44) |
Other, net | (6) |  |  | (23) |
Net cash used in financing activities | (304) |  |  | (639) |
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents | (4) |  |  | 13 |
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents | 2 |  |  | (497) |
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period | 1,478 |  |  | 1,567 |
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period | $ | 1,480 |  |  | $ | 1,070 |

See accompanying notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
5

Table of Contents
JABIL INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
1. Basis of Presentation
The accompanying unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”) for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals) necessary to present fairly the information set forth therein have been included. The accompanying unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements and footnotes included in the Annual Report on Form 10-K of Jabil Inc. (the “Company”) for the fiscal year ended August 31, 2022. Results for the nine months ended May 31, 2023 are not necessarily an indication of the results that may be expected for the full fiscal year ending August 31, 2023.
2. Trade Accounts Receivable Sale Programs
The Company regularly sells designated pools of high credit quality trade accounts receivable, at a discount, under uncommitted trade accounts receivable sale programs to unaffiliated financial institutions without recourse. As these accounts receivable are sold without recourse, the Company does not retain the associated risks following the transfer of such accounts receivable to the respective financial institutions.
As of May 31, 2023, the Company may elect to sell receivables and the unaffiliated financial institutions may elect to purchase specific accounts receivable at any one time up to a: (i) maximum aggregate amount available of $2.0 billion under eight trade accounts receivable sale programs, (ii) maximum amount available of 400 million CNY under one trade accounts receivable sale program, (iii) maximum amount available of 100 million CHF under one trade accounts receivable sale program, and (iv) maximum amount available of 8.1 billion INR under one trade accounts receivable sale program. The trade accounts receivable sale programs expire on various dates through 2028.
The Company continues servicing the receivables sold and in exchange receives a servicing fee under each of the trade accounts receivable sale programs. Servicing fees related to the trade accounts receivable sale programs recognized during the three months and nine months ended May 31, 2023 and 2022 were not material. The Company does not record a servicing asset or liability on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as the Company estimates that the fee it receives to service these receivables approximates the fair market compensation to provide the servicing activities.

In connection with the trade accounts receivable sale programs, the Company recognized the following (in millions):

| Three months ended |  | Nine months ended
| May 31, 2023 |  | May 31, 2022 |  | May 31, 2023 |  | May 31, 2022
Trade accounts receivable sold(1) | $ | 2,594 |  |  | $ | 2,575 |  |  | $ | 9,044 |  |  | $ | 6,509 |
Cash proceeds received | $ | 2,583 |  |  | $ | 2,572 |  |  | $ | 9,015 |  |  | $ | 6,504 |
Pre-tax losses on sale of receivables(2) | $ | 11 |  |  | $ | 3 |  |  | $ | 29 |  |  | $ | 5 |

(1)Receivables sold are excluded from accounts receivable on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets and are reflected as cash provided by operating activities on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.
(2)Recorded to other expense within the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.
3. Inventories
Inventories consist of the following (in millions):

| May 31, 2023 |  | August 31, 2022
Raw materials | $ | 5,214 |  |  | $ | 4,918 |
Work in process | 472 |  |  | 687 |
Finished goods | 471 |  |  | 605 |
Reserve for excess and obsolete inventory | (73) |  |  | (82) |
Inventories, net | $ | 6,084 |  |  | $ | 6,128 |

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4. Leases
During fiscal year 2023, the Company entered into new operating and finance leases. The future minimum lease payments under these new leases as of May 31, 2023 were as follows (in millions):

| Payments due by period
| Total |  | Less than 1 year |  | 1-3 years |  | 3-5 years |  | After 5 years
Operating lease obligations(1) | $ | 85 |  |  | $ | 25 |  |  | $ | 34 |  |  | $ | 17 |  |  | $ | 9 |
Finance lease obligations(1) | $ | 88 |  |  | $ | 47 |  |  | $ | 41 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |

(1)Excludes $224 million of payments related to operating and finance leases signed but not yet commenced. Of these excluded payments, $163 million relates to a variable interest entity (“VIE”), for which the Company is not the primary beneficiary. This is also the Company’s maximum exposure to loss related to the VIE. The Company expects the lease related to the VIE to commence in fiscal year 2024. Additionally, certain leases signed but not yet commenced contain residual value guarantees and purchase options not deemed probable.
5. Notes Payable and Long-Term Debt
Notes payable and long-term debt outstanding as of May 31, 2023 and August 31, 2022 are summarized below (in millions):

|  | Maturity Date |  | May 31, 2023 |  | August 31, 2022
4.900% Senior Notes |  | Jul 14, 2023 |  | $ | 300 |  |  | $ | 300 |
3.950% Senior Notes |  | Jan 12, 2028 |  | 497 |  |  | 497 |
3.600% Senior Notes |  | Jan 15, 2030 |  | 496 |  |  | 496 |
3.000% Senior Notes |  | Jan 15, 2031 |  | 593 |  |  | 592 |
1.700% Senior Notes |  | Apr 15, 2026 |  | 498 |  |  | 497 |
4.250% Senior Notes |  | May 15, 2027 |  | 495 |  |  | 493 |
5.450% Senior Notes(1) |  | Feb 1, 2029 |  | 295 |  |  | — |
Borrowings under credit facilities(2)(3) |  | Jan 22, 2025 and Jan 22, 2027 |  | — |  |  | — |
Borrowings under loans |  | Jul 31, 2026 |  | — |  |  | — |
Total notes payable and long-term debt |  |  |  | 3,174 |  |  | 2,875 |
Less current installments of notes payable and long-term debt |  |  |  | 300 |  |  | 300 |
Notes payable and long-term debt, less current installments |  |  |  | $ | 2,874 |  |  | $ | 2,575 |

(1)On April 13, 2023, the Company issued $300 million of publicly registered 5.450% Senior Notes due 2029 (the “5.450% Senior Notes”). The Company intends to use the net proceeds for general corporate purposes, including, together with available cash, repayment of the $300 million aggregate principal amount of the Company’s 4.900% Senior Notes due in July 2023.
(2)On February 10, 2023, the Company entered into an amendment (the “Amendment”) to its senior unsecured credit agreement dated as of January 22, 2020 (as amended, the “Credit Facility”). The Amendment, among other things, (i) instituted certain amendments to the sustainability-linked adjustments to the interest rates applicable to borrowings under the three-year revolving credit facility (the “Three-Year Revolving Credit Facility”) and the Company’s five-year revolving credit facility (the “Five-Year Revolving Credit Facility”), (ii) established customary SOFR, CDOR, EURIBOR and TIBOR provisions, which replaced the LIBOR provisions set forth in the existing agreement, and (iii) extended the termination date of the Three-Year Revolving Credit Facility to January 22, 2025, and of the Five-Year Revolving Credit Facility to January 22, 2027.
(3)As of May 31, 2023, the Company has $3.9 billion in available unused borrowing capacity under its revolving credit facilities. The Credit Facility acts as the back-up facility for commercial paper outstanding, if any. The Company has a borrowing capacity of up to $3.2 billion under its commercial paper program.
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Debt Covenants
Borrowings under the Company’s debt agreements are subject to various covenants that limit the Company’s ability to: incur additional indebtedness, sell assets, effect mergers and certain transactions, and effect certain transactions with subsidiaries and affiliates. In addition, the revolving credit facilities and the 4.900% Senior Notes contain debt leverage and interest coverage covenants. The Company is also subject to certain covenants requiring the Company to offer to repurchase the 4.900%, 3.950%, 3.600%, 3.000%, 1.700%, 4.250% or 5.450% Senior Notes upon a change of control. As of May 31, 2023 and August 31, 2022, the Company was in compliance with its debt covenants.
Fair Value
Refer to Note 16 – “Fair Value Measurements” for the estimated fair values of the Company’s notes payable and long-term debt.
6. Asset-Backed Securitization Program
Certain Jabil entities participating in the global asset-backed securitization program continuously sell designated pools of trade accounts receivable to a special purpose entity, which in turn sells certain of the receivables at a discount to conduits administered by an unaffiliated financial institution on a monthly basis. In addition, a foreign entity participating in the global asset-backed securitization program sells certain receivables at a discount to conduits administered by an unaffiliated financial institution on a daily basis.
The Company continues servicing the receivables sold and in exchange receives a servicing fee under the global asset-backed securitization program. Servicing fees related to the global asset-backed securitization program recognized during the three months and nine months ended May 31, 2023 and 2022 were not material. The Company does not record a servicing asset or liability on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as the Company estimates that the fee it receives to service these receivables approximates the fair market compensation to provide the servicing activities.
The special purpose entity in the global asset-backed securitization program is a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company and is included in the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. Certain unsold receivables covering up to the maximum amount of net cash proceeds available under the domestic, or U.S., portion of the global asset-backed securitization program are pledged as collateral to the unaffiliated financial institution as of May 31, 2023.
The global asset-backed securitization program expires on November 25, 2024 and the maximum amount of net cash proceeds available at any one time is $600 million. As of May 31, 2023, the Company had no available liquidity under its global asset-backed securitization program.
In connection with the asset-backed securitization programs, the Company recognized the following (in millions):

| Three months ended |  | Nine months ended
| May 31, 2023 |  | May 31, 2022 |  | May 31, 2023 |  | May 31, 2022
Trade accounts receivable sold(1) | $ | 1,007 |  |  | $ | 947 |  |  | $ | 3,071 |  |  | $ | 2,979 |
Cash proceeds received(2) | $ | 996 |  |  | $ | 942 |  |  | $ | 3,043 |  |  | $ | 2,971 |
Pre-tax losses on sale of receivables(3) | $ | 11 |  |  | $ | 5 |  |  | $ | 28 |  |  | $ | 8 |

(1)Receivables sold are excluded from accounts receivable on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets and are reflected as cash provided by operating activities on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.
(2)The amounts primarily represent proceeds from collections reinvested in revolving-period transfers.
(3)Recorded to other expense within the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.
The global asset-backed securitization program requires compliance with several covenants including compliance with the interest ratio and debt to EBITDA ratio of the Credit Facility. As of May 31, 2023 and August 31, 2022, the Company was in compliance with all covenants under the global asset-backed securitization program.
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7. Accrued Expenses
Accrued expenses consist of the following (in millions):

| May 31, 2023 |  | August 31, 2022
Inventory deposits | $ | 1,879 |  |  | $ | 1,586 |
Contract liabilities(1) | 1,067 |  |  | 796 |
Accrued compensation and employee benefits | 786 |  |  | 806 |
Other accrued expenses | 2,232 |  |  | 2,084 |
Accrued expenses | $ | 5,964 |  |  | $ | 5,272 |

(1)Revenue recognized during the nine months ended May 31, 2023 and 2022 that was included in the contract liability balance as of August 31, 2022 and 2021 was $353 million and $269 million, respectively.
8. Postretirement and Other Employee Benefits
Net Periodic Benefit Cost
The following table provides information about the net periodic benefit cost for all plans for the three months and nine months ended May 31, 2023 and 2022 (in millions):

| Three months ended |  | Nine months ended
| May 31, 2023 |  | May 31, 2022 |  | May 31, 2023 |  | May 31, 2022
Service cost(1) | $ | 4 |  |  | $ | 7 |  |  | $ | 12 |  |  | $ | 19 |
Interest cost(2) | 3 |  |  | 1 |  |  | 9 |  |  | 3 |
Expected long-term return on plan assets(2) | (4) |  |  | (5) |  |  | (12) |  |  | (13) |
Recognized actuarial gain(2) | (2) |  |  | (2) |  |  | (6) |  |  | (8) |
Amortization of actuarial gain(2)(3) | (2) |  |  | (2) |  |  | (5) |  |  | (6) |
Amortization of prior service cost(2) | 1 |  |  | 1 |  |  | 3 |  |  | 3 |
Net periodic benefit cost (credit) | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1 |  |  | $ | (2) |

(1)Service cost is recognized in cost of revenue in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.
(2)Components are recognized in other expense in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.
(3)Actuarial gains and losses are amortized using a corridor approach. The gain/loss corridor is equal to 10 percent of the greater of the projected benefit obligation and the fair value of plan assets. Gains and losses in excess of the corridor are generally amortized over the average future working lifetime of the plan participants.
9. Derivative Financial Instruments and Hedging Activities
The Company is directly and indirectly affected by changes in certain market conditions. These changes in market conditions may adversely impact the Company’s financial performance and are referred to as market risks. The Company, where deemed appropriate, uses derivatives as risk management tools to mitigate the potential impact of certain market risks. The primary market risks managed by the Company through the use of derivative instruments are foreign currency risk and interest rate risk.
Foreign Currency Risk Management
Forward contracts are put in place to manage the foreign currency risk associated with the anticipated foreign currency denominated revenues and expenses. A hedging relationship existed with an aggregate notional amount outstanding of $640 million and $1.4 billion as of May 31, 2023 and August 31, 2022, respectively. The related forward foreign exchange contracts have been designated as hedging instruments and are accounted for as cash flow hedges. The forward foreign exchange contract transactions will effectively lock in the value of anticipated foreign currency denominated revenues and expenses against foreign currency fluctuations. The anticipated foreign currency denominated revenues and expenses being hedged are expected to occur between June 1, 2023 and November 30, 2023.
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In addition to derivatives that are designated as hedging instruments and qualify for hedge accounting, the Company also enters into forward contracts to economically hedge transactional exposure associated with commitments arising from trade accounts receivable, trade accounts payable, fixed purchase obligations and intercompany transactions denominated in a currency other than the functional currency of the respective operating entity. The aggregate notional amount of these outstanding contracts as of May 31, 2023 and August 31, 2022, was $3.7 billion and $3.4 billion, respectively.
The gains and losses on cash flow hedges recognized in earnings due to amounts excluded from effectiveness testing were not material for all periods presented and are included as components of net revenue, cost of revenue and selling, general and administrative expense, which are the same line items in which the hedged items are recorded.
In addition, the Company has entered into forward foreign currency exchange contracts to hedge a portion of its net investment in foreign currency denominated operations, which are designated as net investment hedges. The maturity dates and aggregate notional amount outstanding of net investment hedges are as follows (in millions):

Maturity date | May 31, 2023 |  | August 31, 2022
August 2023 | $ | 131 |  |  | $ | — |
September 2023 | 33 |  |  | — |
October 2023 | 96 |  |  | — |
January 2024 | 96 |  |  | — |
April 2024 | 35 |  |  | — |
Total | $ | 391 |  |  | $ | — |

The gains and losses on net investment hedges are included in change in foreign currency translation in OCI to offset the change in the carrying value of the net investment being hedged until the complete or substantially complete liquidation of the hedged foreign operation. The amounts excluded from effectiveness testing were not material for all periods presented and are recognized in interest expense.
Refer to Note 16 – “Fair Value Measurements” for the fair values and classification of the Company’s derivative instruments.
The following table presents the net losses from forward contracts recorded in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the periods indicated (in millions):

Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instruments Under ASC 815 |  | Location of Loss on Derivatives Recognized in Net Income |  | Amount of Loss Recognized in Net Income on Derivatives
|  |  |  | Three months ended |  | Nine months ended
|  |  |  | May 31, 2023 |  | May 31, 2022 |  | May 31, 2023 |  | May 31, 2022
Forward foreign exchange contracts(1) |  | Cost of revenue |  | $ | (41) |  |  | $ | (66) |  |  | $ | (57) |  |  | $ | (6) |

(1)For the three months and nine months ended May 31, 2023, the Company recognized $24 million and $20 million, respectively, of foreign currency gains in cost of revenue, which are offset by the losses from the forward foreign exchange contracts. For the three months and nine months ended May 31, 2022, the Company recognized $64 million and $27 million, respectively, of foreign currency gains in cost of revenue, which are offset by the losses from the forward foreign exchange contracts.
Interest Rate Risk Management
The Company periodically enters into interest rate swaps to manage interest rate risk associated with the Company’s borrowings or anticipated debt issuances.
Contemporaneously with the issuance of the 5.450% Senior Notes in April 2023, the Company settled cash flow hedges with an aggregate notional amount of $150 million and $100 million, with effective dates of May 2021 and August 2022, respectively. The cash received for the cash flow hedges at settlement was $15 million. The settled cash flow hedges are recorded in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income (“AOCI”) and are amortized to interest expense in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

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10. Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income
The following table sets forth the changes in AOCI, net of tax, by component for the nine months ended May 31, 2023 (in millions):

| Foreign Currency Translation Adjustment |  | Derivative Instruments |  |  |  | Actuarial Gain (Loss) |  | Prior Service (Cost) Credit |  |  |  | Total
Balance as of August 31, 2022 | $ | (88) |  |  | $ | (3) |  |  |  |  | $ | 65 |  |  | $ | (16) |  |  |  |  | $ | (42) |
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications | 21 |  |  | (20) |  |  |  |  | 3 |  |  | (1) |  |  |  |  | 3 |
Amounts reclassified from AOCI | — |  |  | 36 |  |  |  |  | (11) |  |  | 3 |  |  |  |  | 28 |
Other comprehensive income (loss)(1) | 21 |  |  | 16 |  |  |  |  | (8) |  |  | 2 |  |  |  |  | 31 |
Balance as of May 31, 2023 | $ | (67) |  |  | $ | 13 |  |  |  |  | $ | 57 |  |  | $ | (14) |  |  |  |  | $ | (11) |

(1)Amounts are net of tax, which are immaterial.
The following table sets forth the amounts reclassified from AOCI into the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations, and the associated financial statement line item, net of tax, for the periods indicated (in millions):

|  |  |  | Three months ended |  | Nine months ended
Comprehensive Income Components |  | Financial Statement Line Item |  | May 31, 2023 |  | May 31, 2022 |  | May 31, 2023 |  | May 31, 2022
Realized (gains) losses on derivative instruments:(1) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Foreign exchange contracts |  | Cost of revenue |  | $ | (7) |  |  | $ | 9 |  |  | $ | 37 |  |  | $ | 4 |
Interest rate contracts |  | Interest expense |  | (1) |  |  | — |  |  | (1) |  |  | 2 |
Actuarial gains |  | (2) |  | (4) |  |  | (4) |  |  | (11) |  |  | (14) |
Prior service costs |  | (2) |  | 1 |  |  | 1 |  |  | 3 |  |  | 3 |
Total amounts reclassified from AOCI(3) |  |  |  | $ | (11) |  |  | $ | 6 |  |  | $ | 28 |  |  | $ | (5) |

(1)The Company expects to reclassify $11 million into earnings during the next twelve months, which will primarily be classified as a component of cost of revenue.
(2)Amounts are included in the computation of net periodic benefit cost. Refer to Note 8 – “Postretirement and Other Employee Benefits” for additional information.
(3)Amounts are net of tax, which are immaterial for the three months and nine months ended May 31, 2023 and 2022.
11. Stockholders’ Equity
The Company recognized stock-based compensation expense within selling, general and administrative expense as follows (in millions):

| Three months ended |  | Nine months ended
| May 31, 2023 |  | May 31, 2022 |  | May 31, 2023 |  | May 31, 2022
Restricted stock units | $ | 14 |  |  | $ | 13 |  |  | $ | 68 |  |  | $ | 57 |
Employee stock purchase plan | 4 |  |  | 3 |  |  | 12 |  |  | 10 |
Total | $ | 18 |  |  | $ | 16 |  |  | $ | 80 |  |  | $ | 67 |

As of May 31, 2023, the shares available to be issued under t he 2021 Equity Incentive Plan were 8,473,317.
Restricted Stock Units
Certain key employees have been granted time-based, performance-based and market-based restricted stock unit awards (“restricted stock units”). The time-based restricted stock units generally vest on a graded vesting schedule over three years. T he performance-based restricted stock units generally vest on a cliff vesting schedule over three years and up to a maximum of 150%, depending on the specified performance condition and the level of achievement obtained. The performance-based restricted stock units have a vesting condition that is based upon the Company’s cumulative adjusted core earnings per share during the performance period. The market-based restricted stock units generally vest on a cliff vesting schedule over three
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years and up to a maximum of 200%, depending on the specified performance condition and the level of achievement obtained. The market-based restricted stock units ha ve a vesting condition that is tied to the Company’s total shareholder return based on the Company’s stock performance in relation to the companies in the Standard and Poor’s (S&P) Super Composite Technology Hardware and Equipment Index excluding the Company. During the nine months ended May 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company awarded approximately 0.9 million and 0.7 million time-based restricted stock units, respectively, 0.2 million and 0.2 million performance-based restricted stock units, respectively, and 0.2 million and 0.2 million market-based restricted stock units, respectively.
The following represents the stock-based compensation information as of the period indicated (in millions):

| May 31, 2023
Unrecognized stock-based compensation expense—restricted stock units | $ | 51 |
Remaining weighted-average period for restricted stock units expense | 1.5 years

Common Stock Outstanding
The following represents the common stock outstanding for the periods indicated:

| Three months ended |  | Nine months ended
| May 31, 2023 |  | May 31, 2022 |  | May 31, 2023 |  | May 31, 2022
Common stock outstanding: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Beginning balances | 133,238,368 |  |  | 142,392,135 |  |  | 135,493,980 |  |  | 144,496,077 |
Shares issued under employee stock purchase plan | 1,730 |  |  | 1,686 |  |  | 631,066 |  |  | 522,169 |
Vesting of restricted stock | 3,372 |  |  | 13,609 |  |  | 2,013,768 |  |  | 2,467,324 |
Purchases of treasury stock under employee stock plans | (700) |  |  | (3,766) |  |  | (571,349) |  |  | (704,040) |
Treasury shares purchased(1)(2) | (1,890,906) |  |  | (3,552,475) |  |  | (6,215,601) |  |  | (7,930,341) |
Ending balances | 131,351,864 |  |  | 138,851,189 |  |  | 131,351,864 |  |  | 138,851,189 |

(1)In July 2021, the Board of Directors approved an authorization for the repurchase of up to $1.0 billion of the Company’s common stock (the “2022 Share Repurchase Program”). As of February 28, 2023, 16.5 million shares had been repurchased for $1.0 billion and no authorization remained under the 2022 Share Repurchase Program.
(2)In September 2022, the Board of Directors approved an authorization for the repurchase of up to $1.0 billion of the Company’s common stock (the “2023 Share Repurchase Program”). As of May 31, 2023, 2.2 million shares had been repurchased for $179 million, excluding excise tax, and $821 million remains available under the 2023 Share Repurchase Program.
12. Concentration of Risk and Segment Data
Concentration of Risk
Sales of the Company’s products are concentrated among specific customers. During the nine months ended May 31, 2023, the Company’s five largest customers accounted for approximately 43% of its net revenue and 82 customers accounted for approximately 90% of its net revenue. Sales to these customers were reported in the Electronics Manufacturing Services (“EMS”) and Diversified Manufacturing Services (“DMS”) operating segments.
The Company procures components from a broad group of suppliers. Some of the products manufactured by the Company require one or more components that are available from only a single source.
Segment Data
Net revenue for the operating segments is attributed to the segment in which the service is performed. An operating segment’s performance is evaluated based on its pre-tax operating contribution, or segment income. Segment income is defined as net revenue less cost of revenue, segment selling, general and administrative expenses, segment research and development expenses and an allocation of corporate manufacturing expenses and selling, general and administrative expenses. Certain items are excluded from the calculation of segment income. Transactions between operating segments are generally recorded at amounts that approximate those at which we would transact with third parties.

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The following table sets forth operating segment information (in millions):

| Three months ended |  | Nine months ended
| May 31, 2023 |  | May 31, 2022 |  | May 31, 2023 |  | May 31, 2022
Segment income and reconciliation of income before income tax |  |  |  |  |  |  |
EMS | $ | 226 |  |  | $ | 208 |  |  | $ | 629 |  |  | $ | 507 |
DMS | 178 |  |  | 144 |  |  | 627 |  |  | 589 |
Total segment income | $ | 404 |  |  | $ | 352 |  |  | $ | 1,256 |  |  | $ | 1,096 |
Reconciling items: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Amortization of intangibles | (7) |  |  | (8) |  |  | (24) |  |  | (24) |
Stock-based compensation expense and related charges | (18) |  |  | (16) |  |  | (80) |  |  | (67) |
Restructuring, severance and related charges | — |  |  | — |  |  | (45) |  |  | — |
Loss on debt extinguishment | — |  |  | (4) |  |  | — |  |  | (4) |
Other expense (net of periodic benefit cost) | (22) |  |  | (8) |  |  | (61) |  |  | (19) |
Interest income | 32 |  |  | 1 |  |  | 62 |  |  | 2 |
Interest expense | (83) |  |  | (39) |  |  | (216) |  |  | (105) |
Income before income tax | $ | 306 |  |  | $ | 278 |  |  | $ | 892 |  |  | $ | 879 |

The following table presents the Company’s revenues disaggregated by segment (in millions):

| Three months ended
| May 31, 2023 |  | May 31, 2022
| EMS |  | DMS |  | Total |  | EMS |  | DMS |  | Total
Timing of transfer |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Point in time | $ | 1,120 |  |  | $ | 1,351 |  |  | $ | 2,471 |  |  | $ | 1,755 |  |  | $ | 1,395 |  |  | $ | 3,150 |
Over time | 3,010 |  |  | 2,994 |  |  | 6,004 |  |  | 2,736 |  |  | 2,442 |  |  | 5,178 |
Total | $ | 4,130 |  |  | $ | 4,345 |  |  | $ | 8,475 |  |  | $ | 4,491 |  |  | $ | 3,837 |  |  | $ | 8,328 |

| Nine months ended
| May 31, 2023 |  | May 31, 2022
| EMS |  | DMS |  | Total |  | EMS |  | DMS |  | Total
Timing of transfer |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Point in time | $ | 3,925 |  |  | $ | 5,047 |  |  | $ | 8,972 |  |  | $ | 4,489 |  |  | $ | 5,183 |  |  | $ | 9,672 |
Over time | 8,802 |  |  | 8,470 |  |  | 17,272 |  |  | 7,634 |  |  | 7,142 |  |  | 14,776 |
Total | $ | 12,727 |  |  | $ | 13,517 |  |  | $ | 26,244 |  |  | $ | 12,123 |  |  | $ | 12,325 |  |  | $ | 24,448 |

The Company operates in more than 30 countries worldwide. Sales to unaffiliated customers are based on the Company location that maintains the customer relationship and transacts the external sale. The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, foreign source revenue expressed as a percentage of net revenue:

| Three months ended |  | Nine months ended
| May 31, 2023 |  | May 31, 2022 |  | May 31, 2023 |  | May 31, 2022
Foreign source revenue | 86.9 | % |  | 82.6 | % |  | 85.6 | % |  | 83.7 | %

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13. Restructuring, Severance and Related Charges
Following is a summary of the Company’s restructuring, severance and related charges (in millions):

| Three months ended |  | Nine months ended
| May 31, 2023(1) |  | May 31, 2022 |  | May 31, 2023(1) |  | May 31, 2022
Employee severance and benefit costs | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 36 |  |  | $ | 1 |
Lease costs | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (1) |
Asset write-off costs | — |  |  | — |  |  | 5 |  |  | — |
Other costs | — |  |  | — |  |  | 4 |  |  | — |
Total restructuring, severance and related charges(2) | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 45 |  |  | $ | — |

(1)Primarily relates to headcount reduction to further optimize the Company’s business activities and includes $0 million and $4 million recorded in the EMS segment, $0 million and $33 million recorded in the DMS segment and $0 million and $8 million of non-allocated charges for the three months and nine months ended May 31, 2023, respectively. Except for asset write-off costs, all restructuring, severance and related charges are cash costs.
(2)The restructuring liability is $25 million as of May 31, 2023, which primarily relates to employee severance and benefit costs incurred in fiscal year 2022 and the nine months ended May 31, 2023. We expect the majority of the severance to be paid during fiscal year 2023.
14. Income Taxes
Effective Income Tax Rate
The U.S. federal statutory income tax rate and the Company's effective income tax rate are as follows:

| Three months ended |  | Nine months ended
| May 31, 2023 |  | May 31, 2022 |  | May 31, 2023 |  | May 31, 2022
U.S. federal statutory income tax rate | 21.0 | % |  | 21.0 | % |  | 21.0 | % |  | 21.0 | %
Effective income tax rate | 24.0 | % |  | 21.8 | % |  | 25.7 | % |  | 22.5 | %

The effective income tax rate increased for the three months and nine months ended May 31, 2023, compared to the three months and nine months ended May 31, 2022, primarily due to a change in the jurisdictional mix of earnings, partially offset by a $17 million income tax expense during the three months and nine months ended May 31, 2022 for an unrecognized tax benefit related to the taxation of certain prior year intercompany transactions.
The effective income tax rate differed from the U.S. federal statutory income tax rate of 21.0% during the three months and nine months ended May 31, 2023 and 2022, primarily due to: (i) the jurisdictional mix of earnings, (ii) losses in tax jurisdictions with existing valuation allowances, (iii) tax incentives granted to sites in China, Malaysia, Singapore and Vietnam, and (iv) a $17 million income tax expense during the three months and nine months ended May 31, 2022 for an unrecognized tax benefit related to the taxation of certain prior year intercompany transactions.
15. Earnings Per Share and Dividends
Earnings Per Share
The Company calculates its basic earnings per share by dividing net income attributable to the Company by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. The Company’s diluted earnings per share is calculated in a similar manner, but includes the effect of dilutive securities. The difference between the weighted average number of basic shares outstanding and the weighted average number of diluted shares outstanding is primarily due to dilutive unvested restricted stock units.
Potential shares of common stock are excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per share when their effect would be antidilutive. Performance-based restricted stock units are considered dilutive when the related performance criteria have been met assuming the end of the reporting period represents the end of the performance period. All potential shares of common stock are antidilutive in periods of net loss. Potential shares of common stock not included in the computation of earnings per share because their effect would have been antidilutive or because the performance criterion was not met were as follows (in thousands):
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| Three months ended |  | Nine months ended
| May 31, 2023 |  | May 31, 2022 |  | May 31, 2023 |  | May 31, 2022
Restricted stock units | 361.2 |  |  | 430.9 |  |  | 361.2 |  |  | 431.7 |

Dividends
The following table sets forth cash dividends declared by the Company to common stockholders during the nine months ended May 31, 2023 and 2022 (in millions, except for per share data):

| Dividend Declaration Date |  | Dividend per Share |  | Total of Cash Dividends Declared |  | Date of Record for Dividend Payment |  | Dividend Cash Payment Date
Fiscal Year 2023: | October 20, 2022 |  | $ | 0.08 |  |  | $ | 12 |  |  | November 15, 2022 |  | December 2, 2022
| January 26, 2023 |  | $ | 0.08 |  |  | $ | 10 |  |  | February 15, 2023 |  | March 2, 2023
| April 20, 2023 |  | $ | 0.08 |  |  | $ | 11 |  |  | May 15, 2023 |  | June 2, 2023
Fiscal Year 2022: | October 21, 2021 |  | $ | 0.08 |  |  | $ | 12 |  |  | November 15, 2021 |  | December 1, 2021
| January 20, 2022 |  | $ | 0.08 |  |  | $ | 12 |  |  | February 15, 2022 |  | March 2, 2022
| April 21, 2022 |  | $ | 0.08 |  |  | $ | 12 |  |  | May 16, 2022 |  | June 2, 2022

16. Fair Value Measurements
Fair Value Measurements on a Recurring Basis
The following table presents the fair value of the Company's financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value by hierarchy level on a recurring basis as of the periods indicated (in millions):

| Fair Value Hierarchy |  | May 31, 2023 |  | August 31, 2022
Assets: |  |  |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents: |  |  |  |  |
Cash equivalents | Level 1 | (1) | $ | 5 |  |  | $ | 14 |
Prepaid expenses and other current assets: |  |  |  |  |
Short-term investments | Level 1 |  | 23 |  |  | 16 |
Forward foreign exchange contracts: |  |  |  |  |
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments (Note 9) | Level 2 | (2) | 9 |  |  | 3 |
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments (Note 9) | Level 2 | (2) | 23 |  |  | 13 |
Other assets: |  |  |  |  |
Forward interest rate swap: |  |  |  |  |
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments (Note 9) | Level 2 | (3) | — |  |  | 13 |
Liabilities: |  |  |  |  |
Accrued expenses: |  |  |  |  |
Forward foreign exchange contracts: |  |  |  |  |
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments (Note 9) | Level 2 | (2) | $ | 26 |  |  | $ | 32 |
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments (Note 9) | Level 2 | (2) | 61 |  |  | 76 |

(1)Consist of investments that are readily convertible to cash with original maturities of 90 days or less.
(2)The Company’s forward foreign exchange contracts, including cash flow hedges and net investment hedges are measured on a recurring basis at fair value, based on foreign currency spot rates and forward rates quoted by banks or foreign currency dealers.
(3)Fair value measurements are based on the contractual terms of the derivatives and use observable market-based inputs. The interest rate swaps are valued using a discounted cash flow analysis on the expected cash flows of each derivative using observable inputs including interest rate curves and credit spreads.
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Fair Value of Financial Instruments
The carrying amounts of cash and cash equivalents, trade accounts receivable, prepaid expenses and other current assets, accounts payable and accrued expenses approximate fair value because of the short-term nature of these financial instruments. The carrying amounts of borrowings under credit facilities and under loans approximates fair value as interest rates on these instruments approximates current market rates.
Notes payable and long-term debt is carried at amortized cost; however, the Company estimates the fair values of notes payable and long-term debt for disclosure purposes. The following table presents the carrying amounts and fair values of the Company's notes payable and long-term debt, by hierarchy level as of the periods indicated (in millions):

|  |  |  | May 31, 2023 |  | August 31, 2022
|  | Fair Value Hierarchy |  | Carrying Amount |  | Fair Value |  | Carrying Amount |  | Fair Value
Notes payable and long-term debt: (Note 5) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
4.900% Senior Notes |  | Level 3 | (1) | $ | 300 |  |  | $ | 300 |  |  | $ | 300 |  |  | $ | 300 |
3.950% Senior Notes |  | Level 2 | (2) | $ | 497 |  |  | $ | 469 |  |  | $ | 497 |  |  | $ | 471 |
3.600% Senior Notes |  | Level 2 | (2) | $ | 496 |  |  | $ | 446 |  |  | $ | 496 |  |  | $ | 440 |
3.000% Senior Notes |  | Level 2 | (2) | $ | 593 |  |  | $ | 503 |  |  | $ | 592 |  |  | $ | 500 |
1.700% Senior Notes |  | Level 2 | (2) | $ | 498 |  |  | $ | 451 |  |  | $ | 497 |  |  | $ | 446 |
4.250% Senior Notes |  | Level 2 | (2) | $ | 495 |  |  | $ | 482 |  |  | $ | 493 |  |  | $ | 483 |
5.450% Senior Notes |  | Level 2 | (2) | $ | 295 |  |  | $ | 297 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |

(1)This fair value estimate is based on the Company’s indicative borrowing cost derived from discounted cash flows.
(2)The fair value estimates are based upon observable market data.
17. Commitments and Contingencies

Legal Proceedings
The Company is party to certain lawsuits in the ordinary course of business. The Company does not believe that these proceedings, individually or in the aggregate, will have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
18. New Accounting Guidance
New accounting guidance adopted during the period did not have a material impact to the Company.
Recently issued accounting guidance is not applicable or did not have, or is not expected to have, a material impact to the Company.
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JABIL INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements, within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, that involve risks and uncertainties. Many of the forward-looking statements are located in Item 2 of this Form 10-Q under the heading “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.” Forward-looking statements provide current expectations of future events based on certain assumptions and include any statement that does not directly relate to any historical or current fact. Forward-looking statements can also be identified by words such as “future,” “anticipates,” “believes,” “estimates,” “expects,” “intends,” “plans,” “predicts,” “will,” “would,” “should,” “could,” “can,” “may,” and similar terms. Forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance and the Company’s actual results may differ significantly from the results discussed in the forward-looking statements. Achievement of anticipated results is subject to substantial risks, uncertainties and inaccurate assumptions. Should these risks or uncertainties materialize, or should underlying assumptions prove inaccurate, actual results could vary materially from past results and those anticipated, estimated or projected. You should bear this in mind as you consider forward-looking statements, and you are cautioned not to put undue reliance on forward-looking statements. We undertake no obligation to publicly update forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as required by law or by the rules and regulations of the SEC. You are advised, however, to consult any further disclosures we make on related subjects. Factors that might cause such differences include, but are not limited to, those discussed in Part II, Item 1A to this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and in Part 1, Item 1A of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended August 31, 2022 such as, scheduling production, managing growth and capital expenditures and maximizing the efficiency of our manufacturing capacity effectively; managing rapid declines or increases in customer demand and other related customer challenges that may occur; the scope and duration of the COVID-19 outbreak and its impact on our operations, sites, customers and supply chain; our dependence on a limited number of customers; our ability to purchase components efficiently and reliance on a limited number of suppliers for critical components; risks arising from relationships with emerging companies; changes in technology and competition in our industry; our ability to introduce new business models or programs requiring implementation of new competencies; competition; transportation issues; our ability to maintain our engineering, technological and manufacturing expertise; retaining key personnel; risks associated with international sales and operations; energy price increases or shortages; our ability to achieve expected profitability from acquisitions; risk arising from our restructuring activities; issues involving our information systems, including security issues; regulatory risks (including the expense of complying, or failing to comply, with applicable regulations; risk arising from design or manufacturing defects; and intellectual property risk); financial risks (including customers or suppliers who become financially troubled; turmoil in financial markets; tax risks; credit rating risks; risks of exposure to debt; currency fluctuations; and asset impairment); changes in financial accounting standards or policies; and risk of natural disaster, climate change or other global events. References in this report to “the Company,” “Jabil,” “we,” “our,” or “us” mean Jabil Inc. together with its consolidated subsidiaries, except where the context otherwise requires.
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Item 2. | Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Overview
We are one of the leading providers of worldwide manufacturing services and solutions. We provide comprehensive electronics design, production and product management services to companies in various industries and end markets. Our services enable our customers to reduce manufacturing costs, improve supply-chain management, reduce inventory obsolescence, lower transportation costs and reduce product fulfillment time. Our manufacturing and supply chain management services and solutions include innovation, design, planning, fabrication and assembly, delivery and managing the flow of resources and products. We derive substantially all of our revenue from production and product management services (collectively referred to as “manufacturing services”), which encompass the act of producing tangible components that are built to customer specifications and are then provided to the customer.
We serve our customers primarily through dedicated business units that combine highly automated, continuous flow manufacturing with advanced electronic design and design for manufacturability. We currently depend, and expect to continue to depend for the foreseeable future, upon a relatively small number of customers for a significant percentage of our net revenue, which in turn depends upon their growth, viability and financial stability.
We conduct our operations in facilities that are located worldwide, including but not limited to, China, Ireland, Malaysia, Mexico, Singapore and the United States. We derived a substantial majority, 86.9% and 85.6%, of net revenue from our international operations for the three months and nine months ended May 31, 2023, respectively. Our global manufacturing production sites allow customers to manufacture products simultaneously in the optimal locations for their products. Our global presence is key to assessing and executing on our business opportunities.
We have two reporting segments: Electronics Manufacturing Services (“EMS”) and Diversified Manufacturing Services (“DMS”), which are organized based on the economic profiles of the services performed, including manufacturing capabilities, market strategy, margins, return on capital and risk profiles. Our EMS segment is focused around leveraging IT, supply chain design and engineering, technologies largely centered on core electronics, utilizing our large scale manufacturing infrastructure and our ability to serve a broad range of end markets. Our EMS segment is a high volume business that produces product at a quicker rate (i.e. cycle time) and in larger quantities and includes customers primarily in the 5G, wireless and cloud, digital print and retail, industrial and semi-cap, and networking and storage industries. Our DMS segment is focused on providing engineering solutions, with an emphasis on material sciences, technologies and healthcare. Our DMS segment includes customers primarily in the automotive and transportation, connected devices, healthcare and packaging, and mobility industries.
We monitor the current economic environment and its potential impact on both the customers we serve as well as our end-markets and closely manage our costs and capital resources so that we can respond appropriately as circumstances change.
Refer to Item 7. "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" section contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended August 31, 2022 for further discussion of the items disclosed in Item 2. "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" section as of May 31, 2023 contained herein.
COVID-19
The COVID-19 pandemic has had, and continues to have, significant impacts in countries where we operate. Travel and business operation restrictions arising from governmental virus containment efforts have continued to impact our operations in Asia during this fiscal year.
Certain of our suppliers continue to experience supply chain constraints, including difficulty sourcing materials necessary to fulfill customer production requirements and challenges in transporting completed products to our end customers.
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Summary of Results
The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, certain key operating results and other financial information (in millions, except per share data):

| Three months ended |  | Nine months ended
| May 31, 2023 |  | May 31, 2022 |  | May 31, 2023 |  | May 31, 2022
Net revenue | $ | 8,475 |  |  | $ | 8,328 |  |  | $ | 26,244 |  |  | $ | 24,448 |
Gross profit | $ | 697 |  |  | $ | 619 |  |  | $ | 2,101 |  |  | $ | 1,903 |
Operating income | $ | 375 |  |  | $ | 321 |  |  | $ | 1,096 |  |  | $ | 984 |
Net income attributable to Jabil Inc. | $ | 233 |  |  | $ | 218 |  |  | $ | 663 |  |  | $ | 681 |
Earnings per share—basic | $ | 1.76 |  |  | $ | 1.55 |  |  | $ | 4.96 |  |  | $ | 4.77 |
Earnings per share—diluted | $ | 1.72 |  |  | $ | 1.52 |  |  | $ | 4.86 |  |  | $ | 4.67 |

Key Performance Indicators
Management regularly reviews financial and non-financial performance indicators to assess the Company’s operating results. Changes in our operating assets and liabilities are largely affected by our working capital requirements, which are dependent on the effective management of our sales cycle as well as timing of payments. Our sales cycle measures how quickly we can convert our manufacturing services into cash through sales. We believe the metrics set forth below are useful to investors in measuring our liquidity as future liquidity needs will depend on fluctuations in levels of inventory, accounts receivable and accounts payable.
The following table sets forth, for the quarterly periods indicated, certain of management’s key financial performance indicators:

| Three months ended
| May 31, 2023 |  | February 28, 2023 |  | May 31, 2022
Sales cycle(1) | 48 days |  | 50 days |  | 37 days
Inventory turns (annualized)(2) | 4 turns |  | 4 turns |  | 4 turns
Days in accounts receivable(3) | 38 days |  | 41 days |  | 35 days
Days in inventory(4) | 84 days |  | 93 days |  | 85 days
Days in accounts payable(5) | 74 days |  | 84 days |  | 83 days

(1)The sales cycle is calculated as the sum of days in accounts receivable and days in inventory, less the days in accounts payable; accordingly, the variance in the sales cycle quarter over quarter was a direct result of changes in these indicators.
(2)Inventory turns (annualized) are calculated as 360 days divided by days in inventory.
(3)Days in accounts receivable is calculated as accounts receivable, net, divided by net revenue multiplied by 90 days. During the three months ended May 31, 2023, the decrease in days in accounts receivable from the prior sequential quarter was primarily due to the timing of collections. During the three months ended May 31, 2023, the increase in days in accounts receivable from the three months ended May 31, 2022, was primarily due to higher sales and the timing of collections.
(4)Days in inventory is calculated as inventories, net and contract assets divided by cost of revenue multiplied by 90 days. During the three months ended May 31, 2023, the decrease in days in inventory from the prior sequential quarter was primarily driven by increased sales activity during the quarter resulting in a higher consumption of inventory and improved working capital management.
(5)Days in accounts payable is calculated as accounts payable divided by cost of revenue multiplied by 90 days. During the three months ended May 31, 2023, the decrease in days in accounts payable from the prior sequential quarter was primarily due to a decrease in material purchases and timing of cash payments during the quarter. During the three months ended May 31, 2023, the decrease in days in accounts payable from the three months ended May 31, 2022, was primarily due to cash payments and timing of purchases during the quarter.
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Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
The preparation of our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and related disclosures in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”) requires management to make estimates and judgments that affect our reported amounts of assets and liabilities, revenues and expenses, and related disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities. On an on-going basis, we evaluate our estimates and assumptions based upon historical experience and various other factors and circumstances. Management believes that our estimates and assumptions are reasonable under the circumstances; however, actual results may vary from these estimates and assumptions under different future circumstances. For further discussion of our significant accounting policies, refer to Note 1 — “Description of Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” to the Consolidated Financial Statements and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations – Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended August 31, 2022.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
See Note 18 – “New Accounting Guidance” to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for a discussion of recent accounting guidance.
Results of Operations
Net Revenue
Generally, we assess revenue on a global customer basis regardless of whether the growth is associated with organic growth or as a result of an acquisition. Accordingly, we do not differentiate or separately report revenue increases generated by acquisitions as opposed to existing business. In addition, the added cost structures associated with our acquisitions have historically been relatively insignificant when compared to our overall cost structure.
The distribution of revenue across our segments has fluctuated, and will continue to fluctuate, as a result of numerous factors, including the following: fluctuations in customer demand; efforts to diversify certain portions of our business; business growth from new and existing customers; specific product performance; and any potential termination, or substantial winding down, of significant customer relationships.

| Three months ended |  |  |  | Nine months ended |  |
(dollars in millions) | May 31, 2023 |  | May 31, 2022 |  | Change |  | May 31, 2023 |  | May 31, 2022 |  | Change
Net revenue | $ | 8,475 |  |  | $ | 8,328 |  |  | 1.8 | % |  | $ | 26,244 |  |  | $ | 24,448 |  |  | 7.3 | %

Net revenue increased during the three months ended May 31, 2023, compared to the three months ended May 31, 2022. Specifically, the DMS segment net revenue increased 13% due to: (i) an 11% increase in revenues from existing customers within our automotive and transportation business, and (ii) a 5% increase in revenues from existing customers within our healthcare and packaging business. The increase is partially offset by a 3% decrease in revenues from existing customers within our connected devices business. The EMS segment net revenue decreased 8% primarily due to a decrease in revenues from existing customers within our 5G, wireless and cloud business, which began transitioning to a customer-controlled consignment model in fiscal year 2023.
Net revenue increased during the nine months ended May 31, 2023, compared to the nine months ended May 31, 2022. Specifically, the DMS segment net revenue increased 10% due to: (i) a 8% increase in revenues from existing customers within our automotive and transportation business, (ii) a 4% increase in revenues from existing customers within our healthcare and packaging business, and (iii) a 1% increase in revenues from existing customers within our mobility business. The increase is partially offset by a 3% decrease in revenues from existing customers within our connected devices business. The EMS segment net revenue increased 5% due to: (i) a 3% increase in revenues from existing customers within our industrial and capital equipment business, and (ii) a 2% increase in revenues from existing customers within our digital print and retail business.
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The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, revenue by segment expressed as a percentage of net revenue:

| Three months ended |  | Nine months ended
| May 31, 2023 |  | May 31, 2022 |  | May 31, 2023 |  | May 31, 2022
EMS | 49 | % |  | 54 | % |  | 48 | % |  | 50 | %
DMS | 51 | % |  | 46 | % |  | 52 | % |  | 50 | %
Total | 100 | % |  | 100 | % |  | 100 | % |  | 100 | %

The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, foreign source revenue expressed as a percentage of net revenue:

| Three months ended |  | Nine months ended
| May 31, 2023 |  | May 31, 2022 |  | May 31, 2023 |  | May 31, 2022
Foreign source revenue | 86.9 | % |  | 82.6 | % |  | 85.6 | % |  | 83.7 | %

Gross Profit

| Three months ended |  |  |  | Nine months ended |  |
(dollars in millions) | May 31, 2023 |  | May 31, 2022 |  |  |  | May 31, 2023 |  | May 31, 2022 |  |
Gross profit | $ | 697 |  |  | $ | 619 |  |  |  |  | $ | 2,101 |  |  | $ | 1,903 |  |  |
Percent of net revenue | 8.2 | % |  | 7.4 | % |  |  |  | 8.0 | % |  | 7.8 | % |  |

Gross profit as a percentage of net revenue increased for the three months ended May 31, 2023, compared to the three months ended May 31, 2022, primarily due to product mix and improved profitability across various businesses.
Gross profit as a percentage of net revenue remained relatively consistent for the nine months ended May 31, 2023, compared to the nine months ended May 31, 2022.
Selling, General and Administrative

| Three months ended |  |  |  | Nine months ended |  |
(dollars in millions) | May 31, 2023 |  | May 31, 2022 |  | Change |  | May 31, 2023 |  | May 31, 2022 |  | Change
Selling, general and administrative | $ | 307 |  |  | $ | 282 |  |  | $ | 25 |  |  | $ | 911 |  |  | $ | 870 |  |  | $ | 41 |

Selling, general and administrative expenses increased during the three months ended May 31, 2023, compared to the three months ended May 31, 2022. The increase is primarily due to: (i) $15 million due to higher salary and salary related expenses and (ii) $6 million of indirect taxes.
Selling, general and administrative expenses increased during the nine months ended May 31, 2023, compared to the nine months ended May 31, 2022. The increase is primarily due to: (i) $13 million due to higher salary and salary related expenses, (ii) $13 million in stock-based compensation expense due to higher anticipated achievement levels for certain performance-based stock awards and awards granted during the three months ended November 30, 2022, (iii) $8 million for higher travel-related costs, and (iv) $6 million of indirect taxes.
Research and Development

| Three months ended |  |  |  | Nine months ended |  |
(dollars in millions) | May 31, 2023 |  | May 31, 2022 |  |  |  | May 31, 2023 |  | May 31, 2022 |  |
Research and development | $ | 8 |  |  | $ | 8 |  |  |  |  | $ | 25 |  |  | $ | 25 |  |  |
Percent of net revenue | 0.1 | % |  | 0.1 | % |  |  |  | 0.1 | % |  | 0.1 | % |  |

Research and development expenses remained consistent as a percentage of net revenue during the three months and nine months ended May 31, 2023, compared to the three months and nine months ended May 31, 2022.
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Amortization of Intangibles

| Three months ended |  |  |  | Nine months ended |  |
(dollars in millions) | May 31, 2023 |  | May 31, 2022 |  | Change |  | May 31, 2023 |  | May 31, 2022 |  | Change
Amortization of intangibles | $ | 7 |  |  | $ | 8 |  |  | $ | (1) |  |  | $ | 24 |  |  | $ | 24 |  |  | $ | — |

Amortization of intangibles remained relatively consistent during the three months and nine months ended May 31, 2023, compared to the three months and nine months ended May 31, 2022.

Restructuring, Severance and Related Charges

| Three months ended |  |  |  | Nine months ended |  |
(dollars in millions) | May 31, 2023 |  | May 31, 2022 |  | Change |  | May 31, 2023 |  | May 31, 2022 |  | Change
Restructuring, severance and related charges | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 45 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 45 |

Restructuring, severance and related charges increased during the nine months ended May 31, 2023, compared to the nine months ended May 31, 2022 primarily related to a headcount reduction to further optimize our business activities during the three months ended November 30, 2022.
Loss on Debt Extinguishment

| Three months ended |  |  |  | Nine months ended |  |
(dollars in millions) | May 31, 2023 |  | May 31, 2022 |  | Change |  | May 31, 2023 |  | May 31, 2022 |  | Change
Loss on debt extinguishment | $ | — |  |  | $ | 4 |  |  | $ | (4) |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 4 |  |  | $ | (4) |

Loss on debt extinguishment is due to the “make-whole” premium incurred during the three months ended May 31, 2022, for the redemption of the 4.700% Senior Notes due 2022.

Other Expense (Income)

| Three months ended |  |  |  | Nine months ended |  |
(dollars in millions) | May 31, 2023 |  | May 31, 2022 |  | Change |  | May 31, 2023 |  | May 31, 2022 |  | Change
Other expense (income) | $ | 18 |  |  | $ | 1 |  |  | $ | 17 |  |  | $ | 50 |  |  | $ | (2) |  |  | $ | 52 |

The change in other expense (income) during the three months ended May 31, 2023, compared to the three months ended May 31, 2022, is primarily due to an increase in fees associated with the securitization programs and higher interest rates for the trade accounts receivable sales programs.
The change in other expense (income) during the nine months ended May 31, 2023, compared to the nine months ended May 31, 2022, is primarily due to: (i) $48 million related to an increase in fees associated with the securitization programs and higher utilization of and higher interest rates for the trade accounts receivable programs and (ii) $10 million, primarily related to higher net periodic benefit costs. The change is partially offset by a $6 million decrease in other expense.
Interest Income

| Three months ended |  |  |  | Nine months ended |  |
(dollars in millions) | May 31, 2023 |  | May 31, 2022 |  | Change |  | May 31, 2023 |  | May 31, 2022 |  | Change
Interest income | $ | 32 |  |  | $ | 1 |  |  | $ | 31 |  |  | $ | 62 |  |  | $ | 2 |  |  | $ | 60 |

Interest income increased during the three months and nine months ended May 31, 2023, compared to the three months and nine months ended May 31, 2022, primarily due to higher interest rates on and higher cash balances.
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Interest Expense

| Three months ended |  |  |  | Nine months ended |  |
(dollars in millions) | May 31, 2023 |  | May 31, 2022 |  | Change |  | May 31, 2023 |  | May 31, 2022 |  | Change
Interest expense | $ | 83 |  |  | $ | 39 |  |  | $ | 44 |  |  | $ | 216 |  |  | $ | 105 |  |  | $ | 111 |

Interest expense increased during the three months ended May 31, 2023, compared to the three months ended May 31, 2022, primarily due to higher interest rates on our commercial paper program, credit facilities, and other borrowings.
Interest expense increased during the nine months ended May 31, 2023, compared to the nine months ended May 31, 2022, primarily due to higher borrowings and higher interest rates on our commercial paper program, credit facilities, and other borrowings.
Income Tax Expense

| Three months ended |  |  |  | Nine months ended |  |
| May 31, 2023 |  | May 31, 2022 |  | Change |  | May 31, 2023 |  | May 31, 2022 |  | Change
Effective income tax rate | 24.0 | % |  | 21.8 | % |  | 2.2 | % |  | 25.7 | % |  | 22.5 | % |  | 3.2 | %

The effective income tax rate increased for the three months and nine months ended May 31, 2023, compared to the three months and nine months ended May 31, 2022, primarily due to a change in the jurisdictional mix of earnings, partially offset by a $17 million income tax expense during the three months and nine months ended May 31, 2022 for an unrecognized tax benefit related to the taxation of certain prior year intercompany transactions.
Non-GAAP (Core) Financial Measures
The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations include certain non-GAAP financial measures as identified in the reconciliations below. The non-GAAP financial measures disclosed herein do not have standard meaning and may vary from the non-GAAP financial measures used by other companies or how we may calculate those measures in other instances from time to time. Non-GAAP financial measures should not be considered a substitute for, or superior to, measures of financial performance prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP. Among other uses, management uses non-GAAP “core” financial measures to make operating decisions, assess business performance and as a factor in determining certain employee performance when evaluating incentive compensation. Also, our “core” financial measures should not be construed as an indication by us that our future results will be unaffected by those items that are excluded from our “core” financial measures.
For fiscal year 2023, the Company adopted an annual normalized tax rate (“normalized core tax rate”) for the computation of the non-GAAP (core) income tax provision to provide better consistency across reporting periods. In estimating the normalized core tax rate annually, the Company utilizes a full-year financial projection of core earnings that considers the mix of earnings across tax jurisdictions, existing tax positions, and other significant tax matters. The Company may adjust the normalized core tax rate during the year for material impacts from new tax legislation or material changes to the Company’s operations.
Prior to fiscal year 2023, the Company determined the tax effect of the items included and excluded from core earnings quarterly.
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Included in the tables below are reconciliations of the non-GAAP financial measures to the most directly comparable U.S. GAAP financial measures as provided in our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements:
Reconciliation of U.S. GAAP Financial Results to Non-GAAP Measures

| Three months ended |  | Nine months ended
(in millions, except for per share data) | May 31, 2023 |  | May 31, 2022 |  | May 31, 2023 |  | May 31, 2022
Operating income (U.S. GAAP) | $ | 375 |  |  | $ | 321 |  |  | $ | 1,096 |  |  | $ | 984 |
Amortization of intangibles | 7 |  |  | 8 |  |  | 24 |  |  | 24 |
Stock-based compensation expense and related charges | 18 |  |  | 16 |  |  | 80 |  |  | 67 |
Restructuring, severance and related charges(1) | — |  |  | — |  |  | 45 |  |  | — |
Net periodic benefit cost(2) | 4 |  |  | 7 |  |  | 11 |  |  | 21 |
Adjustments to operating income | 29 |  |  | 31 |  |  | 160 |  |  | 112 |
Core operating income (Non-GAAP) | $ | 404 |  |  | $ | 352 |  |  | $ | 1,256 |  |  | $ | 1,096 |
Net income attributable to Jabil Inc. (U.S. GAAP) | $ | 233 |  |  | $ | 218 |  |  | $ | 663 |  |  | $ | 681 |
Adjustments to operating income | 29 |  |  | 31 |  |  | 160 |  |  | 112 |
Loss on debt extinguishment | — |  |  | 4 |  |  | — |  |  | 4 |
Net periodic benefit cost(2) | (4) |  |  | (7) |  |  | (11) |  |  | (21) |
Adjustments for taxes | 11 |  |  | — |  |  | 32 |  |  | — |
Core earnings (Non-GAAP) | $ | 269 |  |  | $ | 246 |  |  | $ | 844 |  |  | $ | 776 |
Diluted earnings per share (U.S. GAAP) | $ | 1.72 |  |  | $ | 1.52 |  |  | $ | 4.86 |  |  | $ | 4.67 |
Diluted core earnings per share (Non-GAAP) | $ | 1.99 |  |  | $ | 1.72 |  |  | $ | 6.18 |  |  | $ | 5.32 |
Diluted weighted average shares outstanding (U.S. GAAP and Non-GAAP) | 135.1 |  |  | 143.3 |  |  | 136.4 |  |  | 145.8 |

(1)Recorded during the nine months ended May 31, 2023, related to headcount reduction to further optimize our business activities.
(2)We are reclassifying the pension components in other expense to core operating income as we assess operating performance, inclusive of all components of net periodic benefit cost, with the related revenue. There is no impact to core earnings or diluted core earnings per share for this adjustment.
Adjusted Free Cash Flow

| Nine months ended
(in millions) | May 31, 2023 |  | May 31, 2022
Net cash provided by operating activities (U.S. GAAP) | $ | 1,048 |  |  | $ | 745 |
Acquisition of property, plant and equipment (“PP&E”)(1) | (860) |  |  | (1,068) |
Proceeds and advances from sale of PP&E(1) | 180 |  |  | 470 |
Adjusted free cash flow (Non-GAAP) | $ | 368 |  |  | $ | 147 |

(1)Certain customers co-invest in property, plant and equipment (“PP&E”) with us. As we acquire PP&E, we recognize the cash payments in acquisition of PP&E. When our customers reimburse us and obtain control, we recognized the cash receipts in proceeds and advances from the sale of PP&E.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
We believe that our level of liquidity sources, which includes cash on hand, available borrowings under our revolving credit facilities and commercial paper program, additional proceeds available under our global asset-backed securitization program and under our uncommitted trade accounts receivable sale programs, cash flows provided by operating activities and access to the capital markets, will be adequate to fund our capital expenditures, the payment of any declared quarterly dividends, any share repurchases under the approved programs, any potential acquisitions, our working capital requirements and our contractual obligations for the next 12 months and beyond. We continue to assess our capital structure and evaluate the merits of redeploying available cash.
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Cash and Cash Equivalents
As of May 31, 2023, we had approximately $1.5 billion in cash and cash equivalents, of which a significant portion was held by our foreign subsidiaries. Most of our foreign cash and cash equivalents as of May 31, 2023 could be repatriated to the United States without potential tax expense.
Notes Payable and Credit Facilities
Following is a summary of principal debt payments and debt issuance for our notes payable and credit facilities:

(in millions) | 4.900% Senior Notes |  | 3.950% Senior Notes |  | 3.600% Senior Notes |  | 3.000% Senior Notes |  | 1.700% Senior Notes |  | 4.250% Senior Notes |  | 5.450% Senior Notes(1) |  | Borrowings under revolving credit facilities(2)(3) |  |  |  | Borrowings under loans |  | Total notes payable and credit facilities
Balance as of August 31, 2022 | $ | 300 |  |  | $ | 497 |  |  | $ | 496 |  |  | $ | 592 |  |  | $ | 497 |  |  | $ | 493 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 2,875 |
Borrowings | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 298 |  |  | 3,258 |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | 3,556 |
Payments | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (3,258) |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | (3,258) |
Other | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1 |  |  | 1 |  |  | 2 |  |  | (3) |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | 1 |
Balance as of May 31, 2023 | $ | 300 |  |  | $ | 497 |  |  | $ | 496 |  |  | $ | 593 |  |  | $ | 498 |  |  | $ | 495 |  |  | $ | 295 |  |  | $ | — |  |  |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 3,174 |
Maturity Date | Jul 14, 2023 |  | Jan 12, 2028 |  | Jan 15, 2030 |  | Jan 15, 2031 |  | Apr 15, 2026 |  | May 15, 2027 |  | Feb 1, 2029 |  | Jan 22, 2025 and Jan 22, 2027 |  |  |  | Jul 31, 2026 |  |
Original Facility/ Maximum Capacity(3) | $300 million |  | $500 million |  | $500 million |  | $600 million |  | $500 million |  | $500 million |  | $300 million |  | $3.9 billion(3) |  |  |  | $1 million |  |

.
(1)On April 13, 2023, we issued $300 million of publicly registered 5.450% Senior Notes due 2029 (the “5.450% Senior Notes”). We intend to use the net proceeds for general corporate purposes, including, together with available cash, repayment of the $300 million aggregate principal amount of our 4.900% Senior Notes due in July 2023.
(2)On February 10, 2023, we entered into an amendment (the “Amendment”) to our senior unsecured credit agreement dated as of January 22, 2020 (as amended, the “Credit Facility”). The Amendment, among other things, (i) instituted certain amendments to the sustainability-linked adjustments to the interest rates applicable to borrowings under the three-year revolving credit facility (the “Three-Year Revolving Credit Facility”) and the five-year revolving credit facility (the “Five-Year Revolving Credit Facility”), (ii) established customary SOFR, CDOR, EURIBOR and TIBOR provisions, which replaced the LIBOR provisions set forth in the existing agreement, and (iii) extended the termination date of the Three-Year Revolving Credit Facility to January 22, 2025, and of the Five-Year Revolving Credit Facility to January 22, 2027.
(3)As of May 31, 2023, we had $3.9 billion in available unused borrowing capacity under our revolving credit facilities. The Credit Facility acts as the back-up facility for commercial paper outstanding, if any. We have a borrowing capacity of up to $3.2 billion under our commercial paper program. Commercial paper borrowings with an original maturity of 90 days or less are recorded net within the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, and have been excluded from the table above.
We have a shelf registration statement with the SEC registering the potential sale of an indeterminate amount of debt and equity securities in the future to augment our liquidity and capital resources.
Our Senior Notes and our credit facilities contain various financial and nonfinancial covenants. A violation of these covenants could negatively impact our liquidity by restricting our ability to borrow under the notes payable and credit facilities and potentially causing acceleration of amounts due under these notes payable and credit facilities. As of May 31, 2023 and August 31, 2022, we were in compliance with our debt covenants. Refer to Note 5 – “Notes Payable and Long-Term Debt” to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for further details.
Global Asset-Backed Securitization Program
Certain Jabil entities participating in the global asset-backed securitization program continuously sell designated pools of trade accounts receivable to a special purpose entity, which in turn sells certain of the receivables at a discount to conduits administered by an unaffiliated financial institution on a monthly basis. In addition, a foreign entity participating in the global asset-backed securitization program sells certain receivables at a discount to conduits administered by an unaffiliated financial institution on a daily basis.
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We continue servicing the receivables sold and in exchange receive a servicing fee under the global asset-backed securitization program. Servicing fees related to the global asset-backed securitization program recognized during the three months and nine months ended May 31, 2023 and 2022 were not material. We do not record a servicing asset or liability on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as we estimate that the fee we receive to service these receivables approximates the fair market compensation to provide the servicing activities.
The special purpose entity in the global asset-backed securitization program is a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company and is included in our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. Certain unsold receivables covering up to the maximum amount of net cash proceeds available under the domestic, or U.S., portion of the global asset-backed securitization program are pledged as collateral to the unaffiliated financial institution as of May 31, 2023.
The global asset-backed securitization program expires on November 25, 2024 and the maximum amount of net cash proceeds available at any one time is $600 million. During the three months and nine months ended May 31, 2023, we sold $1.0 billion and $3.1 billion, respectively, of trade accounts receivable and we received cash proceeds of $1.0 billion and $3.0 billion, respectively. As of May 31, 2023, we had no available liquidity under our global asset-backed securitization program.

The global asset-backed securitization program requires compliance with several covenants including compliance with the interest ratio and debt to EBITDA ratio of the Credit Facility. As of May 31, 2023 and August 31, 2022, we were in compliance with all covenants under our global asset-backed securitization program. Refer to Note 6 – “Asset-Backed Securitization Program” to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for further details on the program.
Trade Accounts Receivable Sale Programs
As of May 31, 2023, we may elect to sell receivables and the unaffiliated financ ial institutions may elect to purchase specific accounts receivable at any one time up to a: (i) maximum aggregate amount available of $2.0 billion under eight trade accounts receivable sale programs, (ii) maximum amount available of 400 million CNY under one trade accounts receivable sale program, (iii) maximum amount available of 100 million CHF under one trade accounts receivable sale program, and (iv) maximum amount available of 8.1 billion INR under one trade accounts receivable sale program. The trade accounts receivable sale programs expire on various dates through 2028.

During the three months and nine months ended May 31, 2023, we sold $2.6 billion and $9.0 billion, respectively, of trade accounts receivable under these programs and we received cash proceeds of $2.6 billion and $9.0 billion, respectively. As of May 31, 2023, we had up to $1.0 billion in available liquidity under our trade accounts receivable sale programs.
Cash Flows
The following table sets forth selected consolidated cash flow information (in millions):

|  | Nine months ended
|  | May 31, 2023 |  | May 31, 2022
Net cash provided by operating activities |  | $ | 1,048 |  |  | $ | 745 |
Net cash used in investing activities |  | (738) |  |  | (616) |
Net cash used in financing activities |  | (304) |  |  | (639) |
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents |  | (4) |  |  | 13 |
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents |  | $ | 2 |  |  | $ | (497) |

Operating Activities
Net cash provided by operating activities during the nine months ended May 31, 2023, was primarily due to non-cash expenses and net income and a decrease in accounts receivable, inventories, and contract assets. The net cash provided by operating activities was partially offset by a decrease in accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities and an increase in prepaid expenses and other current assets. The decrease in accounts receivable is primarily driven by the timing of collections. The decrease in inventories is primarily due to higher consumption of inventories to support sales during the quarter. The decrease in contract assets is primarily due to timing of revenue recognition for over time customers. The decrease in accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities is primarily due to the timing of purchases and cash payments. The increase in prepaid expenses and other current assets is primarily due to the timing of payments.
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Investing Activities
Net cash used in investing activities during the nine months ended May 31, 2023 consisted primarily of capital expenditures, principally to support ongoing business in the DMS and EMS segments, partially offset by proceeds and advances from the sale of property, plant and equipment.
Financing Activities
Net cash used in financing activities during the nine months ended May 31, 2023 was primarily due to (i) payments for debt agreements, (ii) the repurchase of our common stock under our share repurchase authorization, (iii) the purchase of treasury stock under employee stock plans, and (iv) dividend payments. Net cash used in financing activities was partially offset by borrowings under debt agreements.
Capital Expenditures
For Fiscal Year 2023, we anticipate our net capital expenditures will be approximately $875 million. In general, our capital expenditures support ongoing maintenance in our DMS and EMS segments and investments in capabilities and targeted end markets. The amount of actual capital expenditures may be affected by general economic, financial, competitive, legislative and regulatory factors, among other things.
Dividends and Share Repurchases
We currently expect to continue to declare and pay regular quarterly dividends of an amount similar to our past declarations. However, the declaration and payment of future dividends are discretionary and will be subject to determination by our Board of Directors each quarter following its review of our financial performance and global economic conditions.
In July 2021, the Board of Directors approved an authorization for the repurchase of up to $1.0 billion of our common stock (the “2022 Share Repurchase Program”). As of February 28, 2023, 16.5 million shares had been repurchased for $1.0 billion and no authorization remained under the 2022 Share Repurchase Program.
In September 2022, the Board of Directors approved an authorization for the repurchase of up to $1.0 billion of our common stock (the “2023 Share Repurchase Program”). As of May 31, 2023, 2.2 million shares had been repurchased for $179 million, excluding excise tax, and $821 million remains available under the 2023 Share Repurchase Program.
Contractual Obligations
As of the date of this report, other than the borrowings on the 5.450% Senior Notes, (see Note 5 – “Notes Payable and Long-Term Debt” to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements) and the new operating and finance leases, (see Note 4 – “Leases” to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements), there were no material changes outside the ordinary course of business, since August 31, 2022, to our contractual obligations and commitments and the related cash requirements.

Item 3. | Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

There have been no material changes in our primary risk exposures or management of market risks from those disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended August 31, 2022.

Item 4. | Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
We carried out an evaluation required by Rules 13a-15 and 15d-15 under the Exchange Act (the “Evaluation”), under the supervision and with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”) and Chief Financial Officer (“CFO”), of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as defined in Rules 13a-15 and 15d-15 under the Exchange Act as of May 31, 2023. Based on the Evaluation, our CEO and CFO concluded that the design and operation of our disclosure controls were effective to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is (i) recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in SEC rules and forms and (ii) accumulated and communicated to our senior management, including our CEO and CFO, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
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Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
For our fiscal quarter ended May 31, 2023, we did not identify any modifications to our internal control over financial reporting that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
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PART II—OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. | Legal Proceedings

See the discussion in Note 17 - “Commitments and Contingencies” to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

Item 1A. | Risk Factors

For information regarding risk factors that could affect our business, results of operations, financial condition or future results, see Part I, “Item 1A. Risk Factors” of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended August 31, 2022. For further information on our forward-looking statements see Part I of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Item 2. | Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

The following table provides information relating to our repurchase of common stock, excluding excise tax, during the three months ended May 31, 2023:

Period | Total Number of Shares Purchased(1) |  | Average Price Paid per Share |  | Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Program(2) |  | Approximate Dollar Value of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Program (in millions)(2)
March 1, 2023 - March 31, 2023 | 607,055 |  |  | $ | 82.49 |  |  | 607,055 |  |  | $ | 925 |
April 1, 2023 - April 30, 2023 | 598,779 |  |  | $ | 81.87 |  |  | 598,079 |  |  | $ | 876 |
May 1, 2023 - May 31, 2023 | 685,772 |  |  | $ | 80.14 |  |  | 685,772 |  |  | $ | 821 |
Total | 1,891,606 |  |  | $ | 81.44 |  |  | 1,890,906 |  |  |

(1)The purchases include amounts that are attributable to 700 shares surrendered to us by employees to satisfy, in connection with the vesting of restricted stock unit awards, their tax withholding obligations.
(2)In September 2022, our Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of up to $1.0 billion of our common stock, as publicly announced in a press release on September 27, 2022 (the “2023 Share Repurchase Program”).

Item 3. | Defaults Upon Senior Securities

None.

Item 4. | Mine Safety Disclosures

Not applicable.

Item 5. | Other Information

None.
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Item 6. | Exhibits

Index to Exhibits

|  |  |  | Incorporated by Reference Herein
Exhibit No. |  | Description |  | Form |  | Exhibit |  | Filing Date/Period End Date
1.1 |  | Underwriting Agreement, dated as of April 10, 2023, among the Company, BofA Securities, Inc., J.P. Morgan Securities LLC, Mizuho Securities USA LLC and U.S. Bancorp Investments, Inc., as representatives of the several underwriters listed therein. |  | 8-K |  | 1.1 | 4/13/2023
3.1 |  | Registrant’s Certificate of Incorporation, as amended. |  | 10-Q |  | 3.1 | 5/31/2017
3.2 |  | Registrant’s Bylaws, as amended. |  | 10-K |  | 3.2 | 8/31/2022
4.1 |  | Form of Certificate for Shares of the Registrant’s Common Stock. (P) |  | S-1 |  |  | 3/17/1993
4.2 |  | Indenture, dated January 16, 2008, with respect to Senior Debt Securities of the Registrant, between the Registrant and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A. (formerly known as The Bank of New York Trust Company, N.A.), as trustee. |  | 8-K |  | 4.2 | 1/17/2008
4.3 |  | Form of 5.450% Senior Notes due 2029 (included as Exhibit A to the Officers’ Certificate filed herewith as Exhibit 4.5). |  | 8-K |  | 4.1 | 4/13/2023
4.4 |  | Form of 4.250% Registered Senior Notes due 2027 (included as Exhibit A to the Officers’ Certificate filed herewith as Exhibit 4.6). |  | 8-K |  | 4.1 | 5/4/2022
4.5 |  | Officers’ Certificate, dated as of April 13, 2023, establishing the 5.450% Senior Notes due 2029. |  | 8-K |  | 4.1 | 4/13/2023
4.6 |  | Officers’ Certificate, dated as of May 4, 2022, establishing the 4.250% Senior Notes due 2027. |  | 8-K |  | 4.1 | 5/4/2022
4.7 |  | Officers’ Certificate, dated as of April 14, 2021, establishing the 1.700% Senior Notes due 2026. |  | 8-K |  | 4.1 | 4/14/2021
4.8 |  | Officers’ Certificate, dated as of July 13, 2020, establishing the 3.000% Senior Notes due 2031. |  | 8-K |  | 4.1 | 7/13/2020
4.9 |  | Officers’ Certificate, dated as of January 15, 2020, establishing the 3.600% Senior Notes due 2030. |  | 8-K |  | 4.1 | 1/15/2020
4.10 |  | Officers’ Certificate, dated as of January 17, 2018, establishing the 3.950% Senior Notes due 2028. |  | 8-K |  | 4.1 | 1/17/2018
31.1* |  | Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification by the Chief Executive Officer. |  |  |  |  |
31.2* |  | Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification by the Chief Financial Officer. |  |  |  |  |
32.1* |  | Section 1350 Certification by the Chief Executive Officer. |  |  |  |  |
32.2* |  | Section 1350 Certification by the Chief Financial Officer. |  |  |  |  |
101 |  | The following financial information from Jabil’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended May 31, 2023, formatted in Inline XBRL: (i) Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of May 31, 2023 and August 31, 2022, (ii) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three months and nine months ended May 31, 2023 and 2022, (iii) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the three months and nine months ended May 31, 2023 and 2022, (iv) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity for the three months and nine months ended May 31, 2023 and 2022, (v) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the nine months ended May 31, 2023 and 2022, and (vi) the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. |  |  |  |  |
104 |  | Cover Page Interactive Data File (Embedded within the inline XBRL Document in Exhibit 101). |  |  |  |  |
* |  | Filed or furnished herewith |  |  |  |  |

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Certain instruments with respect to long-term debt of the Registrant and its consolidated subsidiaries are not filed herewith pursuant to Item 601(b)(4)(iii) of Regulation S-K since the total amount of securities authorized under each such instrument does not exceed 10% of the total assets of the Registrant and its subsidiaries on a consolidated basis. The Registrant agrees to furnish a copy of any such instrument to the Securities and Exchange Commission upon request.
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

| JABIL INC. Registrant
Date: June 30, 2023 | By: | /s/ K ENNETH S. W ILSON
|  | Kenneth S. Wilson Chief Executive Officer
Date: June 30, 2023 | By: | /s/ M ICHAEL D ASTOOR
|  | Michael Dastoor Chief Financial Officer

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