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Income Taxes (Tables) | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2017
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract] |
Provision for Income Taxes | The provision for income taxes consists of the following:
|  | Year Ended December 31,
|  | 2017 |  | 2016 |  | 2015
Current: |  |  |  |  |  |
Federal |  | $ | 211,641 |  |  | $ | 209,454 |  |  | $ | 180,895 |
State |  | 37,006 |  |  | 38,095 |  |  | 36,142 |
Deferred: |  |  |  |  |  |
Federal |  | 60,785 |  |  | (9,230 | ) |  | 2,681 |
State |  | (42 | ) |  | (1,884 | ) |  | 567 |
|  | $ | 309,390 |  |  | $ | 236,435 |  |  | $ | 220,285 |
Income Tax Benefits in Shareholders' Equity | In addition to amounts applicable to income before taxes, the following income tax benefits were recorded in shareholders’ equity:
|  | Year Ended December 31,
|  | 2017 |  | 2016 |  | 2015
Income tax benefits arising from compensation expense for tax purposes in excess of amounts recognized for financial statement purposes (1) |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 13,661 |  |  | $ | 23,311 |
(1) During 2017, these income tax benefits were recognized in the consolidated statement of income as required under ASU 2016-09.
Deferred Income Taxes on Consolidated Balance Sheets | Deferred income taxes on NVR’s consolidated balance sheets were comprised of the following:
|  | December 31,
|  | 2017 |  | 2016
Deferred tax assets: |  |  |  |
Other accrued expenses and contract land deposit reserve |  | $ | 49,063 |  |  | $ | 76,498 |
Deferred compensation |  | 4,743 |  |  | 7,075 |
Equity-based compensation expense |  | 36,799 |  |  | 55,077 |
Inventory |  | 9,393 |  |  | 13,514 |
Unrecognized tax benefit |  | 14,351 |  |  | 23,954 |
Other |  | 9,681 |  |  | 10,106 |
Total deferred tax assets |  | 124,030 |  |  | 186,224 |
Less: Deferred tax liabilities |  | 4,511 |  |  | 5,414 |
Net deferred tax asset |  | $ | 119,519 |  |  | $ | 180,810 |
Income Tax Expense Reconciliation | A reconciliation of income tax expense in the accompanying consolidated statements of income to the amount computed by applying the statutory federal income tax rate of 35% to income before taxes is as follows:
|  | Year Ended December 31,
|  | 2017 |  | 2016 |  | 2015
Income taxes computed at the federal statutory rate |  | $ | 296,419 |  |  | $ | 231,595 |  |  | $ | 211,124 |
State income taxes, net of federal income tax benefit (1) |  | 30,046 |  |  | 23,738 |  |  | 23,919 |
Excess tax benefits from equity-based compensation |  | (58,681 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |
Remeasurement of net deferred tax assets due to enactment of Tax Cut and Jobs Act |  | 62,702 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Other, net (2) |  | (21,096 | ) |  | (18,898 | ) |  | (14,758 | )
|  | $ | 309,390 |  |  | $ | 236,435 |  |  | $ | 220,285 |
(1) | Excludes state excess tax benefits from equity-based compensation included in the line below.
(2) | Primarily attributable to tax benefits from the domestic production activities deduction.
Reconciliation of Unrecognized Tax Benefits | A reconciliation of the beginning and ending amount of unrecognized tax benefits is as follows:
|  | Year Ended December 31,
|  | 2017 |  | 2016
Balance at beginning of year |  | $ | 46,110 |  |  | $ | 46,591 |
Additions based on tax positions related to the current year |  | 4,793 |  |  | 4,440 |
Reductions for tax positions of prior years |  | (5,566 | ) |  | (4,921 | )
Settlements |  | — |  |  | — |
Balance at end of year |  | $ | 45,337 |  |  | $ | 46,110 |

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- Definition Tabular disclosure of the components of income tax expense attributable to continuing operations for each year presented including, but not limited to: current tax expense (benefit), deferred tax expense (benefit), investment tax credits, government grants, the benefits of operating loss carryforwards, tax expense that results from allocating certain tax benefits either directly to contributed capital or to reduce goodwill or other noncurrent intangible assets of an acquired entity, adjustments of a deferred tax liability or asset for enacted changes in tax laws or rates or a change in the tax status of the entity, and adjustments of the beginning-of-the-year balances of a valuation allowance because of a change in circumstances that causes a change in judgment about the realizability of the related deferred tax asset in future years. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 740 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 9 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=65882285&loc=d3e32639-109319 + Details
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- Definition Tabular disclosure of the components of net deferred tax asset or liability recognized in an entity's statement of financial position, including the following: the total of all deferred tax liabilities, the total of all deferred tax assets, the total valuation allowance recognized for deferred tax assets. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 740 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 2 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=65882285&loc=d3e32537-109319 + Details
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- Definition Tabular disclosure of the reconciliation using percentage or dollar amounts of the reported amount of income tax expense attributable to continuing operations for the year to the amount of income tax expense that would result from applying domestic federal statutory tax rates to pretax income from continuing operations. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 740 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 12 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=65882285&loc=d3e32687-109319 + Details
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- Definition Tabular disclosure for tax positions taken in the tax returns filed or to be filed for which it is more likely than not that the tax position will not be sustained upon examination by taxing authorities and other income tax contingencies. Includes, but is not limited to, interest and penalties, reconciliation of unrecognized tax benefits, unrecognized tax benefits that would affect the effective tax rate, tax years that remain subject to examination by tax jurisdictions, and information about positions for which it is reasonably possible that amounts unrecognized will significantly change within 12 months. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 740 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 15A -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=65882285&loc=SL6600010-109319 Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 740 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 15 -Subparagraph (d) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=65882285&loc=d3e32718-109319 Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 740 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 19 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=65882285&loc=d3e32840-109319 + Details
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