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Cloud Computing Costs
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
Research and Development [Abstract]  
Cloud Computing Costs Cloud Computing Costs
Capitalized costs to implement cloud computing arrangements at cost and accumulated amortization were as follows: 
 As of December 31,
(in millions)20232022
Short-term portion$26.4 $18.0 
Long-term portion116.9 87.1 
Total capitalized implementation costs143.3 105.1 
Less: accumulated amortization(36.6)(17.1)
Capitalized implementation costs, net$106.7 $88.0 
Amortization expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the expected term of the hosting arrangements, which range from three to ten years. Amortization expense was $20.3 million, $12.7 million, and $2.9 million for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021, respectively.