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Segment and Entity Wide Disclosures | 12 Months Ended
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Oct. 31, 2020
Segment Reporting [Abstract] |
SEGMENT AND ENTITY WIDE DISCLOSURES | SEGMENT AND ENTITY WIDE DISCLOSURES Segment Reporting Ciena has the following operating segments for reporting purposes: (i) Networking Platforms; (ii) Platform Software and Services; (iii) Blue Planet Automation Software and Services; and (iv) Global Services. During fiscal 2019, Ciena separated its previous Software and Software-Related Services into two stand-alone operating segments. Because Ciena previously disclosed its Platform Software and Services and Blue Planet Automation Software and Services as distinct product lines in its presentation of segment revenue for Software and Software-Related Services, there is no significant change to Ciena’s presentation of segment revenues as a result of this separation. Comparative periods have been retrospectively adjusted to disclose segment profit for Platform Software and Services and Blue Planet Automation Software and Services. See Note 2 above. Ciena’s long-lived assets, including equipment, building, furniture and fixtures, Operating ROU assets, finite-lived intangible assets, and maintenance spares, are not reviewed by the chief operating decision maker for purposes of evaluating performance and allocating resources. As of October 31, 2020, equipment, building, furniture and fixtures, net, totaled $272.4 million, and Operating ROU assets totaled $57.0 million both of which support asset groups within Ciena’s four operating segments and unallocated selling and general and administrative activities. As of October 31, 2020, finite-lived intangible assets, goodwill and maintenance spares are assigned to asset groups within the following segments (in thousands):
| October 31, 2020
| Networking Platforms |  | Platform Software and Services |  | Blue Planet Automation Software and Services |  | Global Services |  | Total
Other intangible assets, net | $ | 10,977 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 85,670 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 96,647 |
Goodwill | $ | 65,607 |  |  | $ | 156,191 |  |  | $ | 89,049 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 310,847 |
Maintenance spares, net | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 62,077 |  |  | $ | 62,077 |
Segment Revenue The table below sets forth Ciena’s segment revenue for the respective periods (in thousands):
| Year Ended
| October 31, 2020 |  | November 2, 2019 |  | November 3, 2018
Revenue: |  |  |  |  |
Networking Platforms |  |  |  |  |
Converged Packet Optical | $ | 2,547,647 |  |  | $ | 2,562,841 |  |  | $ | 2,194,519 |
Packet Networking | 267,416 |  |  | 348,477 |  |  | 283,499 |
Total Networking Platforms | 2,815,063 |  |  | 2,911,318 |  |  | 2,478,018 |
Platform Software and Services | 197,809 |  |  | 155,376 |  |  | 173,949 |
Blue Planet Automation Software and Services | 62,632 |  |  | 54,555 |  |  | 26,764 |
Global Services |  |  |  |  |
Maintenance Support and Training | 269,354 |  |  | 261,337 |  |  | 245,161 |
Installation and Deployment | 152,003 |  |  | 148,233 |  |  | 128,829 |
Consulting and Network Design | 35,296 |  |  | 41,312 |  |  | 41,565 |
Total Global Services | 456,653 |  |  | 450,882 |  |  | 415,555 |
Consolidated revenue | $ | 3,532,157 |  |  | $ | 3,572,131 |  |  | $ | 3,094,286 |
Segment Profit (Loss) Segment profit (loss) is determined based on internal performance measures used by Ciena’s chief executive officer to assess the performance of each operating segment in a given period. In connection with that assessment, the chief executive officer excludes the following items: selling and marketing costs; general and administrative costs; amortization of intangible assets; significant asset impairments and restructuring costs, acquisition and integration costs; interest and other income (loss), net; interest expense; loss on extinguishment and modification of debt and provision for income taxes. The table below sets forth Ciena’s segment profit (loss) and the reconciliation to consolidated net income (loss) for the respective periods indicated (in thousands):
| Year Ended
| October 31, 2020 |  | November 2, 2019 |  | November 3, 2018
Segment profit (loss): |  |  |  |  |
Networking Platforms | $ | 827,105 |  |  | $ | 759,244 |  |  | $ | 581,113 |
Platform Software and Services | 105,609 |  |  | 64,210 |  |  | 78,048 |
Blue Planet Automation Software and Services | (12,446) |  |  | (17,769) |  |  | (8,240) |
Global Services | 202,735 |  |  | 188,242 |  |  | 172,205 |
Total segment profit | 1,123,003 |  |  | 993,927 |  |  | 823,126 |
Less: non-performance operating expenses |  |  |  |  |
Selling and marketing | 416,425 |  |  | 423,046 |  |  | 394,060 |
General and administrative | 169,548 |  |  | 174,399 |  |  | 160,133 |
Amortization of intangible assets | 23,383 |  |  | 21,808 |  |  | 15,737 |
Acquisition and integration costs | 4,031 |  |  | 3,370 |  |  | 5,111 |
Significant asset impairments and restructuring costs | 22,652 |  |  | 24,538 |  |  | 18,139 |
Add: other non-performance financial items |  |  |  |  |
Interest and other income (loss), net | 964 |  |  | 3,876 |  |  | (12,029) |
Interest expense | (31,321) |  |  | (37,452) |  |  | (55,249) |
Loss on extinguishment and modification of debt | (646) |  |  | — |  |  | (13,887) |
Less: Provision for income taxes | 94,670 |  |  | 59,756 |  |  | 493,471 |
Consolidated net income (loss) | $ | 361,291 |  |  | $ | 253,434 |  |  | $ | (344,690) |
Entity Wide Reporting Ciena’s operating segments each engage in business across three geographic regions: Americas; EMEA; and APAC. Americas include activities in North America and South America (previously, CALA). The following table reflects Ciena’s geographic distribution of revenue principally based on the relevant location for Ciena’s delivery of products and performance of services. For the periods below, Ciena’s geographic distribution of revenue was as follows (in thousands):
| Year Ended
| October 31, 2020 |  | November 2, 2019 |  | November 3, 2018
Americas | $ | 2,469,278 |  |  | $ | 2,503,913 |  |  | $ | 2,026,627 |
EMEA | 591,468 |  |  | 566,718 |  |  | 464,876 |
APAC | 471,411 |  |  | 501,500 |  |  | 602,783 |
Total | $ | 3,532,157 |  |  | $ | 3,572,131 |  |  | $ | 3,094,286 |
North America includes $2.25 billion, $2.25 billion and $1.77 billion of United States revenue for fiscal years ended October 31, 2020, November 2, 2019 and November 3, 2018, respectively. No other country accounted for at least 10% of total revenue for the periods presented above. The following table reflects Ciena’s geographic distribution of equipment, building, furniture and fixtures, net, and Operating ROU assets, with any country accounting for at least 10% of total equipment, building, furniture and fixtures, net, and Operating ROU assets specifically identified. Equipment, building, furniture and fixtures, net, and Operating ROU assets attributable to geographic regions outside of the United States and Canada are reflected as “Other International.” For the periods below, Ciena’s geographic distribution of equipment, building, furniture and fixtures, net, and Operating ROU assets was as follows (in thousands):
| October 31, 2020 |  | November 2, 2019 |  |
Canada | $ | 214,188 |  |  | $ | 211,901 |  |  |
United States | 65,321 |  |  | 58,119 |  |  |
Other International | 49,894 |  |  | 16,864 |  |  |
Total | $ | 329,403 |  |  | $ | 286,884 |  |  |
While Ciena has benefited from the diversification of its business and customer base, its ten largest customers contributed 54.5% of fiscal 2020 revenue, 59.3% of fiscal 2019 revenue and 56.5% of fiscal 2018 revenue. For the periods below, customers accounting for at least 10% of Ciena’s revenue were as follows (in thousands):
| October 31, 2020 |  | November 2, 2019 |  | November 3, 2018
AT&T | $ | 373,163 |  |  | $ | 388,704 |  |  | $ | 374,576 |
Verizon | n/a |  | 459,787 |  |  | 318,013 |
Web-scale provider | n/a |  | 370,577 |  |  | n/a
Total | $ | 373,163 |  |  | $ | 1,219,068 |  |  | $ | 692,589 |
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n/a | Denotes revenue representing less than 10% of total revenue for the period
The Web-scale provider noted above contributed greater than 10% of total revenue for the first time in fiscal 2019 and purchased products from each of Ciena’s operating segments excluding Blue Planet Automation Software and Services. The other customers identified above purchased products and services from each of Ciena’s operating segments.

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- Definition The entire disclosure for reporting segments including data and tables. Reportable segments include those that meet any of the following quantitative thresholds a) it's reported revenue, including sales to external customers and intersegment sales or transfers is 10 percent or more of the combined revenue, internal and external, of all operating segments b) the absolute amount of its reported profit or loss is 10 percent or more of the greater, in absolute amount of 1) the combined reported profit of all operating segments that did not report a loss or 2) the combined reported loss of all operating segments that did report a loss c) its assets are 10 percent or more of the combined assets of all operating segments. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 280 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 31 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=120311839&loc=d3e8924-108599 Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 280 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 34 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=120311839&loc=d3e8981-108599 Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 280 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 21 -Subparagraph (a) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=120311839&loc=d3e8721-108599 Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 280 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 40 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=120311839&loc=d3e9031-108599 Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 280 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 32 -Subparagraph (f) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=120311839&loc=d3e8933-108599 Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 280 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 32 -Subparagraph (e) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=120311839&loc=d3e8933-108599 Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 280 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 26 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=120311839&loc=d3e8844-108599 Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 280 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 41 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=120311839&loc=d3e9038-108599 Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 280 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 32 -Subparagraph (d) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=120311839&loc=d3e8933-108599 Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 280 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 22 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=120311839&loc=d3e8736-108599 Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 280 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 42 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=120311839&loc=d3e9054-108599 Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 280 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 15 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=120311839&loc=d3e8657-108599 Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 280 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 21 -Subparagraph (b) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=120311839&loc=d3e8721-108599 Reference 14: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 280 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/topic&trid=2134510 + Details
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