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REVENUE | 9 Months Ended
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Jul. 30, 2022
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract] |
REVENUE | REVENUE Disaggregation of Revenue Ciena’s disaggregated revenue as presented below depicts the nature, amount, and timing of revenue and cash flows for similar groupings of Ciena’s various offerings. The sales cycle, contractual obligations, customer requirements, and go-to-market strategies may differ across Ciena’s product lines, resulting in different economic risk profiles for each line. The tables below set forth Ciena’s disaggregated revenue for the respective periods (in thousands):
| Quarter Ended July 30, 2022
| Networking Platforms |  | Platform Software and Services |  | Blue Planet Automation Software and Services |  | Global Services |  | Total
Product lines: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Converged Packet Optical | $ | 563,837 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 563,837 |
Routing and Switching | 100,741 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 100,741 |
Platform Software and Services | — |  |  | 63,483 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 63,483 |
Blue Planet Automation Software and Services | — |  |  | — |  |  | 17,342 |  |  | — |  |  | 17,342 |
Maintenance Support and Training | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 72,760 |  |  | 72,760 |
Installation and Deployment | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 38,704 |  |  | 38,704 |
Consulting and Network Design | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 11,114 |  |  | 11,114 |
Total revenue by product line | $ | 664,578 |  |  | $ | 63,483 |  |  | $ | 17,342 |  |  | $ | 122,578 |  |  | $ | 867,981 |
Timing of revenue recognition: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Products and services at a point in time | $ | 664,578 |  |  | $ | 15,230 |  |  | $ | 4,632 |  |  | $ | 9,408 |  |  | $ | 693,848 |
Services transferred over time | — |  |  | 48,253 |  |  | 12,710 |  |  | 113,170 |  |  | 174,133 |
Total revenue by timing of revenue recognition | $ | 664,578 |  |  | $ | 63,483 |  |  | $ | 17,342 |  |  | $ | 122,578 |  |  | $ | 867,981 |
| Quarter Ended July 31, 2021
| Networking Platforms |  | Platform Software and Services |  | Blue Planet Automation Software and Services |  | Global Services |  | Total
Product lines: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Converged Packet Optical | $ | 712,906 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 712,906 |
Routing and Switching | 69,698 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 69,698 |
Platform Software and Services | — |  |  | 56,945 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 56,945 |
Blue Planet Automation Software and Services | — |  |  | — |  |  | 16,607 |  |  | — |  |  | 16,607 |
Maintenance Support and Training | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 74,006 |  |  | 74,006 |
Installation and Deployment | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 46,653 |  |  | 46,653 |
Consulting and Network Design | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 11,326 |  |  | 11,326 |
Total revenue by product line | $ | 782,604 |  |  | $ | 56,945 |  |  | $ | 16,607 |  |  | $ | 131,985 |  |  | $ | 988,141 |
Timing of revenue recognition: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Products and services at a point in time | $ | 782,604 |  |  | $ | 17,928 |  |  | $ | 4,558 |  |  | $ | 6,508 |  |  | $ | 811,598 |
Services transferred over time | — |  |  | 39,017 |  |  | 12,049 |  |  | 125,477 |  |  | 176,543 |
Total revenue by timing of revenue recognition | $ | 782,604 |  |  | $ | 56,945 |  |  | $ | 16,607 |  |  | $ | 131,985 |  |  | $ | 988,141 |
| Nine Months Ended July 30, 2022
| Networking Platforms |  | Platform Software and Services |  | Blue Planet Automation Software and Services |  | Global Services |  | Total
Product lines: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Converged Packet Optical | $ | 1,730,066 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,730,066 |
Routing and Switching | 295,638 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 295,638 |
Platform Software and Services | — |  |  | 205,557 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 205,557 |
Blue Planet Automation Software and Services | — |  |  | — |  |  | 55,334 |  |  | — |  |  | 55,334 |
Maintenance Support and Training | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 219,270 |  |  | 219,270 |
Installation and Deployment | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 120,504 |  |  | 120,504 |
Consulting and Network Design | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 35,282 |  |  | 35,282 |
Total revenue by product line | $ | 2,025,704 |  |  | $ | 205,557 |  |  | $ | 55,334 |  |  | $ | 375,056 |  |  | $ | 2,661,651 |
Timing of revenue recognition: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Products and services at a point in time | $ | 2,025,704 |  |  | $ | 66,655 |  |  | $ | 17,442 |  |  | $ | 31,368 |  |  | $ | 2,141,169 |
Services transferred over time | — |  |  | 138,902 |  |  | 37,892 |  |  | 343,688 |  |  | 520,482 |
Total revenue by timing of revenue recognition | $ | 2,025,704 |  |  | $ | 205,557 |  |  | $ | 55,334 |  |  | $ | 375,056 |  |  | $ | 2,661,651 |
| Nine Months Ended July 31, 2021
| Networking Platforms |  | Platform Software and Services |  | Blue Planet Automation Software and Services |  | Global Services |  | Total
Product lines: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Converged Packet Optical | $ | 1,798,888 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,798,888 |
Routing and Switching | 197,632 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 197,632 |
Platform Software and Services | — |  |  | 163,472 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 163,472 |
Blue Planet Automation Software and Services | — |  |  | — |  |  | 57,499 |  |  | — |  |  | 57,499 |
Maintenance Support and Training | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 212,054 |  |  | 212,054 |
Installation and Deployment | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 124,263 |  |  | 124,263 |
Consulting and Network Design | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 25,390 |  |  | 25,390 |
Total revenue by product line | $ | 1,996,520 |  |  | $ | 163,472 |  |  | $ | 57,499 |  |  | $ | 361,707 |  |  | $ | 2,579,198 |
Timing of revenue recognition: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Products and services at a point in time | $ | 1,996,520 |  |  | $ | 54,756 |  |  | $ | 20,497 |  |  | $ | 9,776 |  |  | $ | 2,081,549 |
Services transferred over time | — |  |  | 108,716 |  |  | 37,002 |  |  | 351,931 |  |  | 497,649 |
Total revenue by timing of revenue recognition | $ | 1,996,520 |  |  | $ | 163,472 |  |  | $ | 57,499 |  |  | $ | 361,707 |  |  | $ | 2,579,198 |
Ciena reports its sales geographically using the following markets: (i) Americas; (ii) Europe, Middle East and Africa (“EMEA”); and (iii) Asia Pacific, Japan and India (“APAC”). Americas includes activities in North America and South America. Within each geographic area, Ciena maintains specific teams or personnel that focus on a particular region, country, customer or market vertical. These teams include sales management, account salespersons and sales engineers, as well as services professionals and commercial management personnel. The following table reflects Ciena’s geographic distribution of revenue based principally on the relevant location for Ciena’s delivery of products and performance of services. For the periods below, Ciena’s geographic distribution of revenue was as follows (in thousands):
|  | Quarter Ended |  | Nine Months Ended
|  | July 30 |  | July 31 |  | July 30 |  | July 31
|  | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2022 |  | 2021
Geographic distribution: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Americas |  | $ | 617,366 |  |  | $ | 692,853 |  |  | $ | 1,913,350 |  |  | $ | 1,776,939 |
EMEA |  | 124,185 |  |  | 189,180 |  |  | 420,075 |  |  | 499,652 |
APAC |  | 126,430 |  |  | 106,108 |  |  | 328,226 |  |  | 302,607 |
Total revenue by geographic distribution |  | $ | 867,981 |  |  | $ | 988,141 |  |  | $ | 2,661,651 |  |  | $ | 2,579,198 |
Ciena’s revenue includes $574.3 million and $623.9 million of United States revenue for the third quarter of fiscal 2022 and 2021, respectively. For th e nine months ended July 30, 2022 and July 31, 2021, United States revenue was $1.8 billion and $1.6 billion, respectively. No other country accounted for 10% or more of total revenue for the periods presented above. For the periods below, customers accounting for at least 10% of Ciena’s revenue were as follows (in thousands):
| Quarter Ended |  | Nine Months Ended
| July 30 |  | July 31 |  | July 30 |  | July 31
| 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2022 |  | 2021
Verizon | $ | 108,495 |  |  | $ | 131,892 |  |  | $ | 273,158 |  |  | n/a
AT&T | 100,293 |  |  | 119,199 |  |  | 314,358 |  |  | 313,140 |
Web-scale provider | n/a |  | 119,728 |  |  | n/a |  | n/a
Total | $ | 208,788 |  |  | $ | 370,819 |  |  | $ | 587,516 |  |  | $ | 313,140 |
_____________________________ n/a Denotes revenue representing less than 10% of total revenue for the periods presented The Web-scale provider noted in the above table purchased products from each of Ciena’s operating segments excluding Blue Planet® Automation Software and Services. The other customers identified above purchased products and services from each of Ciena’s operating segments for each of the periods presented. •Networking Platforms revenue reflects sales of Ciena’s Converged Packet Optical and Routing and Switching product lines. •Converged Packet Optical - includes the 6500 Packet-Optical Platform, the Waveserver® stackable interconnect system, the 6500 Reconfigurable Line System (RLS), the 5400 family of Packet-Optical Platforms, and the Coherent ELS open line system (OLS). This product line also includes the Z-Series Packet-Optical Platform and Optical Microsystems products. •Routing and Switching - includes the 3000 family of service delivery platforms and the 5000 family of service aggregation. This product line also includes the 6500 Packet Transport System (PTS), which combines packet switching, control plane operation, and integrated optics, the 8100 Coherent IP networking platforms, and the 8700 Packetwave Platform. This product line also includes the Vyatta (as defined in Note 4 below) virtual routing and switching products acquired from AT&T during the first quarter of fiscal 2022. The Networking Platforms segment also includes sales of operating system software and enhanced software features embedded in each of the product lines above. Revenue from this segment is included in product revenue on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. Operating system software and enhanced software features embedded in Ciena hardware are each considered distinct performance obligations for which the revenue is generally recognized upfront at a point in time upon transfer of control. •Platform Software and Services provides analytics, data, and planning tools to assist customers in managing Ciena’s Networking Platforms products in their networks. Ciena’s platform software includes its Manage, Control and Plan (MCP) domain controller solution and its OneControl Unified Management System, as well as planning tools and a number of legacy software solutions that support Ciena’s installed base of network solutions. Platform software-related services revenue includes sales of subscription, installation, support, and consulting services related to Ciena’s software platforms, operating system software and enhanced software features embedded in each of the Networking Platforms product lines described above. Revenue from the software portion of this segment is included in product revenue on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. Revenue from services portions of this segment is included in services revenue on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. •Blue Planet® Automation Software and Services is a comprehensive, micro-services, standards-based open software suite, together with related services, that enables customers to implement large-scale software and IT-led operations support system (OSS) transformations by transforming legacy networks into “service ready” networks, accelerating the creation, delivery and lifecycle management of new, cloud-based services. Ciena’s Blue Planet Automation Platform includes multi-domain service orchestration (MDSO), inventory management (BPI), route optimization and analysis (ROA), network function virtualization orchestration (NFVO), and unified assurance and analytics (UAA). Services revenue includes sales of subscription, installation, support, consulting and design services related to Ciena’s Blue Planet Automation Platform. Revenue from the software portion of this segment is included in product revenue on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. Revenue from services portions of this segment is included in services revenue on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. Ciena’s software platform revenue typically reflects either perpetual or term-based software licenses, and these sales are considered distinct performance obligations in which revenue is generally recognized upfront at a point in time upon transfer of control. Revenue from software subscription and support is recognized ratably over the period during which the services are performed. Revenue from professional services for solution customization, software and solution support services, consulting and design, and build-operate-transfer services relating to Ciena’s software offerings is recognized over time with Ciena applying the input method to determine the amount of revenue to be recognized in a given period. •Global Services revenue reflects sales of a broad range of Ciena’s services for maintenance support and training, installation and deployment, and consulting and network design activities. Revenue from this segment is included in services revenue on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. Ciena’s Global Services are considered a distinct performance obligation for which revenue is generally recognized over time. Revenue from maintenance support is recognized ratably over the period during which the services are performed. Revenue from installation and deployment services and consulting and network design services is also recognized over time with Ciena applying the input method to determine the amount of revenue to be recognized in a given period. Revenue from training services is generally recognized at a point in time upon completion of the service. Contract Balances The following table provides information about receivables, contract assets and contract liabilities (deferred revenue) from contracts with customers (in thousands):
|  | Balance at July 30, 2022 |  | Balance at October 30, 2021
Accounts receivable, net |  | $ | 802,484 |  |  | $ | 884,958 |
Contract assets for unbilled accounts receivable, net |  | $ | 157,448 |  |  | $ | 101,355 |
Deferred revenue |  | $ | 209,653 |  |  | $ | 175,464 |
Ciena’s contract assets represent unbilled accounts receivable, net where transfer of a product or service has occurred but invoicing is conditional upon completion of future performance obligations. These amounts are primarily related to installation and deployment and professional services arrangements where transfer of control has occurred, but Ciena has not yet invoiced the customer. Contract assets are included in prepaid expenses and other in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. See Note 12 below. Contract liabilities consist of deferred revenue and represent advanced payments against non-cancelable customer orders received prior to revenue recognition. Ciena recognized approximately $98.9 million and $94.7 million of revenue during the first nine months of fiscal 2022 and 2021, respectively, that was included in the deferred revenue balance as of October 30, 2021 and October 31, 2020, respectively. Revenue recognized due to changes in transaction price from performance obligations satisfied or partially satisfied in previous periods was immaterial during the nine months ended July 30, 2022 and July 31, 2021. Capitalized Contract Acquisition Costs Capitalized contract acquisition costs consist of deferred sales commissions, and were $36.1 million and $27.6 million as of July 30, 2022 and October 30, 2021, respectively. Capitalized contract acquisition costs were included in (i) prepaid expenses and other and (ii) other long-term assets. The amortization expense associated with these costs was $20.5 million and $16.8 million during the first nine months of fiscal 2022 and 2021, respectively, and was included in selling and marketing expense on the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations. Remaining Performance Obligations Remaining Performance Obligations (“RPO”) are comprised of non-cancelable customer purchase orders for products and services that are awaiting transfer of control for revenue recognition under the applicable contract terms. As of July 30, 2022, the aggregate amount of RPO was $2.9 billion. As of July 30, 2022, Ciena expects approximately 91% of the RPO to be recognized as revenue within the next 12 months.

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- Definition The entire disclosure of revenue from contract with customer to transfer good or service and to transfer nonfinancial asset. Includes, but is not limited to, disaggregation of revenue, credit loss recognized from contract with customer, judgment and change in judgment related to contract with customer, and asset recognized from cost incurred to obtain or fulfill contract with customer. Excludes insurance and lease contracts. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 606 -URI https://asc.fasb.org/topic&trid=49130388 Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 606 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 10 -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=126920106&loc=SL49130551-203045 Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 606 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 13 -Subparagraph (b)(2) -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=126920106&loc=SL49130556-203045 Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 606 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 12 -Subparagraph (b) -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=126920106&loc=SL49130554-203045 Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 606 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 9 -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=126920106&loc=SL49130550-203045 Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 606 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 12 -Subparagraph (e) -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=126920106&loc=SL49130554-203045 Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 606 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 12 -Subparagraph (a) -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=126920106&loc=SL49130554-203045 Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 606 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 12 -Subparagraph (d) -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=126920106&loc=SL49130554-203045 Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 606 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 15 -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=126920106&loc=SL49130558-203045 Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 606 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 12 -Subparagraph (c) -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=126920106&loc=SL49130554-203045 + Details
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