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ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE
 12 Months Ended
Nov. 02, 2024
Receivables [Abstract]  
ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE
As of November 2, 2024, two customers accounted for 13.0% and 12.0% of net accounts receivable, respectively. As of October 28, 2023, two customers accounted for 11.0% and 10.0% of net accounts receivable, respectively. Ciena has not historically experienced a significant amount of bad debt expense. The following table summarizes the activity in Ciena’s allowance for credit losses for the fiscal years indicated (in thousands):
Year EndedBeginning BalanceProvisionsNet DeductionsEnding Balance
October 29, 2022(1)
$10,912 $4,199 $4,153 $10,958 
October 28, 2023
$10,958 $5,718 $5,022 $11,654 
November 2, 2024
$11,654 $7,996 $9,770 $9,880 

(1) On March 7, 2022, Ciena announced its decision to suspend its business operations in Russia. As a result, Ciena’s allowance for doubtful accounts includes a provision for a significant asset impairment of $1.8 million for a trade receivable related to this decision.

Accounts Receivable Factoring
In certain situations, Ciena may service transferred receivables which qualify as sales. Amounts sold through these arrangements during fiscal 2024, 2023, and 2022 were $18.1 million, $60.3 million, and $11.8 million, respectively. Additionally, in other situations, Ciena may settle receivables through customer paying agent arrangements. Amounts settled through these arrangements for fiscal 2024, 2023, and 2022 were $32.5 million, $41.9 million, and $13.4 million, respectively. Factoring related expense recorded to interest and other income, net was $1.2 million, $3.8 million, and $0.9 million for fiscal 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively.