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REVENUE
 3 Months Ended
Feb. 01, 2025
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]  
REVENUE REVENUE
Segment and Product Line Disaggregation of Revenue

Ciena’s disaggregated segment and product line revenue as presented below depicts the nature, amount, and timing of revenue and cash flows for similar groupings of Ciena’s various offerings. The sales cycle, contractual obligations, customer requirements, and go-to-market strategies may differ for each of its product categories, resulting in different economic risk profiles for each category. Ciena has the following operating segments for reporting purposes: (i) Networking Platforms; (ii) Platform Software and Services; (iii) Blue Planet Automation Software and Services; and (iv) Global Services. See Note 16 below.

The tables below set forth Ciena’s disaggregated revenue for the respective periods (in thousands):
Quarter Ended February 1, 2025
SegmentTotal
Networking PlatformsPlatform Software and ServicesBlue Planet Automation Software and ServicesGlobal Services
Product lines:
Optical Networking$727,973 $— $— $— $727,973 
Routing and Switching93,169 — — — 93,169 
Platform Software and Services
— 95,067 — — 95,067 
Blue Planet Automation Software and Services
— — 26,032 — 26,032 
Maintenance Support and Training
— — — 74,573 74,573 
Installation and Deployment
— — — 47,682 47,682 
Consulting and Network Design
— — — 7,764 7,764 
Total revenue by product line
$821,142 $95,067 $26,032 $130,019 $1,072,260 
Timing of revenue recognition:
Products and services at a point in time
$821,142 $28,931 $10,427 $6,133 $866,633 
Services transferred over time— 66,136 15,605 123,886 205,627 
Total revenue by timing of revenue recognition
$821,142 $95,067 $26,032 $130,019 $1,072,260 
Quarter Ended January 27, 2024
SegmentTotal
Networking PlatformsPlatform Software and ServicesBlue Planet Automation Software and ServicesGlobal Services
Product lines:
Optical Networking$695,849 $— $— $— $695,849 
Routing and Switching111,387 — — — 111,387 
Platform Software and Services
— 89,745 — — 89,745 
Blue Planet Automation Software and Services
— — 13,942 — 13,942 
Maintenance Support and Training
— — — 74,115 74,115 
Installation and Deployment
— — — 42,723 42,723 
Consulting and Network Design
— — — 9,948 9,948 
Total revenue by product line
$807,236 $89,745 $13,942 $126,786 $1,037,709 
Timing of revenue recognition:
Products and services at a point in time
$807,236 $27,694 $1,069 $9,638 $845,637 
Services transferred over time
— 62,051 12,873 117,148 192,072 
Total revenue by timing of revenue recognition
$807,236 $89,745 $13,942 $126,786 $1,037,709 

•Networking Platforms revenue reflects sales of Ciena’s Optical Networking and Routing and Switching product lines.
•Optical Networking - includes the 6500 Packet-Optical Platform, the Waveserver® system, the 6500 Reconfigurable Line System (RLS), coherent pluggable transceivers, and other optical networking products.
•Routing and Switching - includes the 3000 and 5000 series of service delivery and aggregation platforms, the 8100 Coherent IP networking platforms, virtualization software, and passive optical network and other routing and switching portfolio products.

Revenue from this segment is included in product revenue on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

•Platform Software and Services revenue reflects sales of Ciena’s Platform Software and Platform Services.
•Platform Software - includes Ciena’s Navigator Network Control SuiteTM domain controller solution and its applications, and legacy software solutions.
•Platform Services - includes sales of subscription, installation, support, and consulting services related to Ciena’s software platforms, operating system software and enhanced software features embedded in each of the Networking Platforms product lines above.

Revenue from the software portion of this segment is included in product revenue on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. Revenue from services portions of this segment is included in services revenue on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

•Blue Planet Automation Software and Services revenue reflects sales of Blue Planet Automation Software and Blue Planet Services.
•Blue Planet Automation Software - includes inventory management, orchestration, route optimization and analysis, and unified assurance and analytics software.
•Blue Planet Services - includes sales of subscription, installation, support, consulting and design services related to the Blue Planet Automation Platform.
Revenue from the software portion of this segment is included in product revenue on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. Revenue from the services portions of this segment is included in services revenue on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

•Global Services revenue reflects sales of a broad range of Ciena’s services for maintenance support and training, installation and deployment, and consulting and network design activities.
Revenue from this segment is included in services revenue on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Revenue Recognition
•Revenue from the Networking Platforms segment includes, in addition to the products described above, sales of operating system software and enhanced software features embedded therein, which are each considered distinct performance obligations for which the revenue is generally recognized upfront at a point in time upon transfer of control.
•Revenue from software platforms typically reflects either perpetual or term-based software licenses, and these sales are considered distinct performance obligations where revenue is generally recognized upfront at a point in time upon transfer of control.
•Revenue from software subscription and support is recognized ratably over the period during which the services are performed.
•Revenue from professional services for solution customization, software and solution support services, consulting and design, and build-operate-transfer services relating to Ciena’s software offerings is recognized over time with Ciena applying the input method to determine the amount of revenue to be recognized in a given period. Global Services are considered a distinct performance obligation where revenue is generally recognized over time.
•Revenue from maintenance support is recognized ratably over the period during which the services are performed.
•Revenue from installation and deployment services and consulting and network design services is generally recognized over time with Ciena applying the input method to determine the amount of revenue to be recognized in a given period.
•Revenue from training services is generally recognized at a point in time upon completion of the service.

For additional information on Ciena’s revenue recognition policy, see the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8 of Part II of the 2024 Annual Report.

Geographic Disaggregation of Revenue
Ciena reports its sales geographically using the following markets: (i) the United States, Canada, the Caribbean and Latin America (“Americas”); (ii) Europe, Middle East and Africa (“EMEA”); and (iii) Asia Pacific, Japan and India (“APAC”). Within each geographic area, Ciena maintains specific teams or personnel that focus on a particular region, country, customer, or market vertical. These teams include sales management, account salespersons, and sales engineers, as well as services professionals and commercial management personnel. The following table reflects Ciena’s geographic distribution of revenue based principally on the relevant location for Ciena’s delivery of products and performance of services.

For the periods below, Ciena’s geographic distribution of revenue was as follows (in thousands):
Quarter Ended
February 1,January 27,
20252024
Geographic distribution:
Americas
$795,632 $718,198 
EMEA
157,916 207,413 
APAC
118,712 112,098 
Total revenue by geographic distribution
$1,072,260 $1,037,709 
Ciena’s revenue includes $752.5 million and $677.6 million from the United States for the first quarter of fiscal 2025 and 2024, respectively. No other country accounted for 10% or more of total revenue for the periods presented above.

Ciena’s revenue includes $168.9 million and $109.1 million from a cloud provider for the first quarter of fiscal 2025 and 2024, respectively. Revenue also includes $111.0 million from AT&T for the first quarter of fiscal 2025 and $166.0 million from an additional cloud provider for the first quarter of fiscal 2024. These customers purchased products from the Networking Platforms, Platform Software and Services, and Global Services operating segments for the periods presented. No other customer accounted for 10% or more of total revenue for the periods presented.

Contract Balances
The following table provides information about receivables, contract assets, and contract liabilities (deferred revenue) from contracts with customers (in thousands):
Balance at February 1, 2025Balance at November 2, 2024
Accounts receivable, net$938,703 $908,597 
Contract assets for unbilled accounts receivable, net$138,718 $127,919 
Deferred revenue$257,277 $237,619 

Ciena’s contract assets represent unbilled accounts receivable, net where transfer of a product or service has occurred but invoicing is conditional upon completion of future performance obligations. These amounts are primarily related to installation and deployment and professional services arrangements where transfer of control has occurred, but Ciena has not yet invoiced the customer. Contract assets are included in prepaid expenses and other on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Contract liabilities consist of deferred revenue and represent advanced payments against non-cancelable customer orders received prior to revenue recognition. Ciena recognized approximately $74.5 million and $70.6 million of revenue during the first three months of fiscal 2025 and 2024, respectively, that was included in the deferred revenue balance at November 2, 2024 and October 28, 2023, respectively. Revenue recognized due to changes in transaction price from performance obligations satisfied or partially satisfied in previous periods was immaterial during the three months ended February 1, 2025 and January 27, 2024.

As of the dates indicated, deferred revenue is comprised of the following (in thousands):
February 1,
2025		November 2,
2024
Products$26,413 $19,017 
Services230,864 218,602 
 Total deferred revenue257,277 237,619 
Less current portion(174,151)(156,379)
Long-term deferred revenue$83,126 $81,240 

Capitalized Contract Acquisition Costs
Capitalized contract acquisition costs consist of deferred sales commissions, and were $27.4 million and $28.4 million as of February 1, 2025 and November 2, 2024, respectively. Capitalized contract acquisition costs were included in (i) prepaid expenses and other and (ii) other long-term assets on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. The amortization expense associated with these costs was $8.5 million and $7.7 million during the first three months of fiscal 2025 and 2024, respectively, and was included in selling and marketing expense on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Remaining Performance Obligations
Remaining performance obligations (“RPO”) are comprised of non-cancelable customer purchase orders for products and services that are awaiting transfer of control for revenue recognition under the applicable contract terms. As of February 1, 2025, the aggregate amount of RPO was $1.7 billion. As of February 1, 2025, Ciena expects approximately 79% of the RPO to be recognized as revenue within the next 12 months.