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REVENUE | 6 Months Ended
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May 03, 2025
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract] |
REVENUE | REVENUE Segment and Product Line Disaggregation of Revenue Ciena’s disaggregated segment and product line revenue as presented below depicts the nature, amount, and timing of revenue and cash flows for similar groupings of Ciena’s various offerings. The sales cycle, contractual obligations, customer requirements, and go-to-market strategies may differ for each of its product categories, resulting in different economic risk profiles for each category. Ciena has the following operating segments for reporting purposes: (i) Networking Platforms; (ii) Platform Software and Services; (iii) Blue Planet Automation Software and Services; and (iv) Global Services. See Note 17 below. The tables below set forth Ciena’s disaggregated revenue for the periods indicated (in thousands):
| Quarter Ended May 3, 2025
| Networking Platforms |  | Platform Software and Services |  | Blue Planet Automation Software and Services |  | Global Services |  | Total
Product lines: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Optical Networking | $ | 773,592 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 773,592 |
Routing and Switching | 92,723 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 92,723 |
Platform Software and Services | — |  |  | 85,441 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 85,441 |
Blue Planet Automation Software and Services | — |  |  | — |  |  | 27,951 |  |  | — |  |  | 27,951 |
Maintenance Support and Training | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 79,442 |  |  | 79,442 |
Installation and Deployment | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 58,174 |  |  | 58,174 |
Consulting and Network Design | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 8,555 |  |  | 8,555 |
Total revenue by product line | $ | 866,315 |  |  | $ | 85,441 |  |  | $ | 27,951 |  |  | $ | 146,171 |  |  | $ | 1,125,878 |
Timing of revenue recognition: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Products and services at a point in time | $ | 866,315 |  |  | $ | 22,048 |  |  | $ | 10,511 |  |  | $ | 7,844 |  |  | $ | 906,718 |
Services transferred over time | — |  |  | 63,393 |  |  | 17,440 |  |  | 138,327 |  |  | 219,160 |
Total revenue by timing of revenue recognition | $ | 866,315 |  |  | $ | 85,441 |  |  | $ | 27,951 |  |  | $ | 146,171 |  |  | $ | 1,125,878 |
| Quarter Ended April 27, 2024
| Networking Platforms |  | Platform Software and Services |  | Blue Planet Automation Software and Services |  | Global Services |  | Total
Product lines: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Optical Networking | $ | 560,224 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 560,224 |
Routing and Switching | 116,034 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 116,034 |
Platform Software and Services | — |  |  | 85,445 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 85,445 |
Blue Planet Automation Software and Services | — |  |  | — |  |  | 14,434 |  |  | — |  |  | 14,434 |
Maintenance Support and Training | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 77,410 |  |  | 77,410 |
Installation and Deployment | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 43,785 |  |  | 43,785 |
Consulting and Network Design | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 13,494 |  |  | 13,494 |
Total revenue by product line | $ | 676,258 |  |  | $ | 85,445 |  |  | $ | 14,434 |  |  | $ | 134,689 |  |  | $ | 910,826 |
Timing of revenue recognition: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Products and services at a point in time | $ | 676,258 |  |  | $ | 22,689 |  |  | $ | 2,848 |  |  | $ | 10,432 |  |  | $ | 712,227 |
Services transferred over time | — |  |  | 62,756 |  |  | 11,586 |  |  | 124,257 |  |  | 198,599 |
Total revenue by timing of revenue recognition | $ | 676,258 |  |  | $ | 85,445 |  |  | $ | 14,434 |  |  | $ | 134,689 |  |  | $ | 910,826 |
| Six Months Ended May 3, 2025
| Networking Platforms |  | Platform Software and Services |  | Blue Planet Automation Software and Services |  | Global Services |  | Total
Product lines: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Optical Networking | $ | 1,501,566 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,501,566 |
Routing and Switching | 185,892 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 185,892 |
Platform Software and Services | — |  |  | 180,508 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 180,508 |
Blue Planet Automation Software and Services | — |  |  | — |  |  | 53,982 |  |  | — |  |  | 53,982 |
Maintenance Support and Training | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 154,014 |  |  | 154,014 |
Installation and Deployment | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 105,857 |  |  | 105,857 |
Consulting and Network Design | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 16,319 |  |  | 16,319 |
Total revenue by product line | $ | 1,687,458 |  |  | $ | 180,508 |  |  | $ | 53,982 |  |  | $ | 276,190 |  |  | $ | 2,198,138 |
Timing of revenue recognition: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Products and services at a point in time | $ | 1,687,458 |  |  | $ | 50,979 |  |  | $ | 20,937 |  |  | $ | 13,977 |  |  | $ | 1,773,351 |
Services transferred over time | — |  |  | 129,529 |  |  | 33,045 |  |  | 262,213 |  |  | 424,787 |
Total revenue by timing of revenue recognition | $ | 1,687,458 |  |  | $ | 180,508 |  |  | $ | 53,982 |  |  | $ | 276,190 |  |  | $ | 2,198,138 |
| Six Months Ended April 27, 2024
| Networking Platforms |  | Platform Software and Services |  | Blue Planet Automation Software and Services |  | Global Services |  | Total
Product lines: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Optical Networking | $ | 1,256,072 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,256,072 |
Routing and Switching | 227,421 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 227,421 |
Platform Software and Services | — |  |  | 175,190 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 175,190 |
Blue Planet Automation Software and Services | — |  |  | — |  |  | 28,376 |  |  | — |  |  | 28,376 |
Maintenance Support and Training | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 151,525 |  |  | 151,525 |
Installation and Deployment | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 86,509 |  |  | 86,509 |
Consulting and Network Design | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 23,442 |  |  | 23,442 |
Total revenue by product line | $ | 1,483,493 |  |  | $ | 175,190 |  |  | $ | 28,376 |  |  | $ | 261,476 |  |  | $ | 1,948,535 |
Timing of revenue recognition: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Products and services at a point in time | $ | 1,483,493 |  |  | $ | 50,383 |  |  | $ | 3,916 |  |  | $ | 20,071 |  |  | $ | 1,557,863 |
Services transferred over time | — |  |  | 124,807 |  |  | 24,460 |  |  | 241,405 |  |  | 390,672 |
Total revenue by timing of revenue recognition | $ | 1,483,493 |  |  | $ | 175,190 |  |  | $ | 28,376 |  |  | $ | 261,476 |  |  | $ | 1,948,535 |
•Networking Platforms revenue reflects sales of Ciena’s Optical Networking and Routing and Switching product lines. •Optical Networking - includes the 6500 Packet-Optical Platform, the Waveserver® system, the 6500 Reconfigurable Line System (RLS), coherent pluggable transceivers, and other optical networking products. •Routing and Switching - includes the 3000 and 5000 series of service delivery and aggregation platforms, the 8100 Coherent IP networking platforms, virtualization software, and passive optical network and other routing and switching portfolio products. Revenue from this segment is included in product revenue on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. •Platform Software and Services revenue reflects sales of Ciena’s Platform Software and Platform Services. •Platform Software - includes Ciena’s Navigator Network Control Suite TM domain controller solution and its applications, and legacy software solutions. •Platform Services - includes sales of subscription, installation, support, and consulting services related to Ciena’s software platforms, operating system software and enhanced software features embedded in each of the Networking Platforms product lines above. Revenue from the software portion of this segment is included in product revenue on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. Revenue from services portions of this segment is included in services revenue on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. •Blue Planet Automation Software and Services revenue reflects sales of Blue Planet Automation Software and Blue Planet Services. •Blue Planet Automation Software - includes inventory management, orchestration, route optimization and analysis, and unified assurance and analytics software. •Blue Planet Services - includes sales of subscription, installation, support, consulting and design services related to the Blue Planet Automation Platform. Revenue from the software portion of this segment is included in product revenue on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. Revenue from the services portions of this segment is included in services revenue on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. •Global Services revenue reflects sales of a broad range of Ciena’s services for maintenance support and training, installation and deployment, and consulting and network design activities. Revenue from this segment is included in services revenue on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. Revenue Recognition •Revenue from the Networking Platforms segment includes, in addition to the products described above, sales of operating system software and enhanced software features embedded therein, which are each considered distinct performance obligations for which the revenue is generally recognized upfront at a point in time upon transfer of control. •Revenue from software platforms typically reflects either perpetual or term-based software licenses, and these sales are considered distinct performance obligations where revenue is generally recognized upfront at a point in time upon transfer of control. •Revenue from software subscription and support is recognized ratably over the period during which the services are performed. •Revenue from professional services for solution customization, software and solution support services, consulting and design, and build-operate-transfer services relating to Ciena’s software offerings is recognized over time with Ciena applying the input method to determine the amount of revenue to be recognized in a given period. Global Services are considered a distinct performance obligation where revenue is generally recognized over time. •Revenue from maintenance support is recognized ratably over the period during which the services are performed. •Revenue from installation and deployment services and consulting and network design services is generally recognized over time with Ciena applying the input method to determine the amount of revenue to be recognized in a given period. •Revenue from training services is generally recognized at a point in time upon completion of the service. For additional information on Ciena’s revenue recognition policy, see Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8 of Part II of the 2024 Annual Report. Geographic Disaggregation of Revenue Ciena reports its sales geographically using the following markets: (i) the United States, Canada, the Caribbean and Latin America (“Americas”); (ii) Europe, Middle East and Africa (“EMEA”); and (iii) Asia Pacific, Japan and India (“APAC”). Within each geographic area, Ciena maintains specific teams or personnel that focus on a particular region, country, customer, or market vertical. These teams include sales management, account salespersons, and sales engineers, as well as services professionals and commercial management personnel. The following table reflects Ciena’s geographic distribution of revenue based principally on the relevant location for Ciena’s delivery of products and performance of services. For the periods indicated, Ciena’s geographic distribution of revenue was as follows (in thousands):
|  | Quarter Ended |  | Six Months Ended
|  | May 3, |  | April 27, |  | May 3, |  | April 27,
|  | 2025 |  | 2024 |  | 2025 |  | 2024
Geographic distribution: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Americas |  | $ | 833,822 |  |  | $ | 662,877 |  |  | $ | 1,629,454 |  |  | $ | 1,381,075 |
EMEA |  | 191,585 |  |  | 155,791 |  |  | 349,501 |  |  | 363,203 |
APAC |  | 100,471 |  |  | 92,158 |  |  | 219,183 |  |  | 204,257 |
Total revenue by geographic distribution |  | $ | 1,125,878 |  |  | $ | 910,826 |  |  | $ | 2,198,138 |  |  | $ | 1,948,535 |
Ciena’s revenue includes $797.5 million and $618.8 million of U.S. revenue for the second quarter of fiscal 2025 and 2024, respectively. For th e six months ended May 3, 2025 and April 27, 2024, U.S. revenue was $1.6 billion and $1.3 billion, respectively. No other country accounted for 10% or more of total revenue for the periods indicated in the above table. Ciena’s revenue includes $151.3 million and $320.2 million from a cloud provider for the second quarter and six months ended May 3, 2025, respectively, and such customer did not account for 10% or more of total revenue for the second quarter or six months ended April 27, 2024. Revenue also includes $117.4 million and $228.4 million from AT&T for the second quarter and six months ended May 3, 2025, respectively, and $125.5 million and $211.7 million for the second quarter and six months ended April 27, 2024, respectively. These customers purchased products from the Networking Platforms, Platform Software and Services, and Global Services operating segments for the periods presented. No other customer accounted for 10% or more of total revenue for the periods presented. Contract Balances The following table provides information about receivables, contract assets and contract liabilities (deferred revenue) from contracts with customers as of the dates indicated (in thousands):
|  | Balance at May 3, 2025 |  | Balance at November 2, 2024
Accounts receivable, net |  | $ | 929,799 |  |  | $ | 908,597 |
Contract assets for unbilled accounts receivable, net |  | $ | 151,769 |  |  | $ | 127,919 |
Deferred revenue |  | $ | 305,074 |  |  | $ | 237,619 |
Ciena’s contract assets represent unbilled accounts receivable, net where transfer of a product or service has occurred but invoicing is conditional upon completion of future performance obligations. These amounts are primarily related to installation and deployment and professional services arrangements where transfer of control has occurred, but Ciena has not yet invoiced the customer. Contract assets are included in prepaid expenses and other in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. Contract liabilities consist of deferred revenue and represent advanced payments against non-cancelable customer orders received prior to revenue recognition. Ciena recognized approximately $111.3 million and $105.3 million of revenue during the first six months of fiscal 2025 and 2024, respectively, that was included in the deferred revenue balance as of November 2, 2024 and October 28, 2023, respectively. Revenue recognized due to changes in transaction price from performance obligations satisfied or partially satisfied in previous peri ods was immaterial duri ng the six months ended May 3, 2025 and April 27, 2024. As of the dates indicated, deferred revenue is comprised of the following (in thousands):
| May 3, 2025 |  | November 2, 2024
Products | $ | 31,651 |  |  | $ | 19,017 |
Services | 273,423 |  |  | 218,602 |
Total deferred revenue | 305,074 |  |  | 237,619 |
Less current portion | (221,835) |  |  | (156,379) |
Long-term deferred revenue | $ | 83,239 |  |  | $ | 81,240 |
Capitalized Contract Acquisition Costs Capitalized contract acquisition costs consist of deferred sales commissions and were $29.3 million and $28.4 million as of May 3, 2025 and November 2, 2024, respectively. Capitalized contract acquisition costs were included in (i) prepaid expenses and other, and (ii) other long-term assets. The amortization expense associated with these costs was $16.7 million and $14.9 million during the first six months of fiscal 2025 and 2024, respectively, and was included in selling and marketing expense on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. Remaining Performance Obligations Remaining Performance Obligations (“RPO”) are comprised of non-cancelable customer purchase orders for products and services that are awaiting transfer of control for revenue recognition under the applicable contract terms. As of May 3, 2025, the aggregate amount of RPO was $1.7 billion. As of May 3, 2025, Ciena expects approximately 79% of the RPO balance to be recognized as revenue within the next 12 months.

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- Definition The entire disclosure of revenue from contract with customer to transfer good or service and to transfer nonfinancial asset. Includes, but is not limited to, disaggregation of revenue, credit loss recognized from contract with customer, judgment and change in judgment related to contract with customer, and asset recognized from cost incurred to obtain or fulfill contract with customer. Excludes insurance and lease contracts. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 606 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 9 -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479806/606-10-50-9 Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 606 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 10 -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479806/606-10-50-10 Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 606 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 15 -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479806/606-10-50-15 Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 606 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 12 -Subparagraph (a) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479806/606-10-50-12 Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 606 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 12 -Subparagraph (b) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479806/606-10-50-12 Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 606 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 12 -Subparagraph (c) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479806/606-10-50-12 Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 606 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 12 -Subparagraph (d) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479806/606-10-50-12 Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 606 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 12 -Subparagraph (e) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479806/606-10-50-12 Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 606 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 13 -Subparagraph (b)(2) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479806/606-10-50-13 Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 606 -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/606/tableOfContent + Details
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