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REVENUE
 6 Months Ended
May 03, 2025
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]  
REVENUE REVENUE
Segment and Product Line Disaggregation of Revenue

Ciena’s disaggregated segment and product line revenue as presented below depicts the nature, amount, and timing of revenue and cash flows for similar groupings of Ciena’s various offerings. The sales cycle, contractual obligations, customer requirements, and go-to-market strategies may differ for each of its product categories, resulting in different economic risk profiles for each category. Ciena has the following operating segments for reporting purposes: (i) Networking Platforms; (ii) Platform Software and Services; (iii) Blue Planet Automation Software and Services; and (iv) Global Services. See Note 17 below.

The tables below set forth Ciena’s disaggregated revenue for the periods indicated (in thousands):
Quarter Ended May 3, 2025
Networking PlatformsPlatform Software and ServicesBlue Planet Automation Software and ServicesGlobal ServicesTotal
Product lines:
Optical Networking$773,592 $— $— $— $773,592 
Routing and Switching92,723 — — — 92,723 
Platform Software and Services
— 85,441 — — 85,441 
Blue Planet Automation Software and Services
— — 27,951 — 27,951 
Maintenance Support and Training
— — — 79,442 79,442 
Installation and Deployment
— — — 58,174 58,174 
Consulting and Network Design
— — — 8,555 8,555 
Total revenue by product line
$866,315 $85,441 $27,951 $146,171 $1,125,878 
Timing of revenue recognition:
Products and services at a point in time
$866,315 $22,048 $10,511 $7,844 $906,718 
Services transferred over time— 63,393 17,440 138,327 219,160 
Total revenue by timing of revenue recognition
$866,315 $85,441 $27,951 $146,171 $1,125,878 
Quarter Ended April 27, 2024
Networking PlatformsPlatform Software and ServicesBlue Planet Automation Software and ServicesGlobal ServicesTotal
Product lines:
Optical Networking$560,224 $— $— $— $560,224 
Routing and Switching116,034 — — — 116,034 
Platform Software and Services
— 85,445 — — 85,445 
Blue Planet Automation Software and Services
— — 14,434 — 14,434 
Maintenance Support and Training
— — — 77,410 77,410 
Installation and Deployment
— — — 43,785 43,785 
Consulting and Network Design
— — — 13,494 13,494 
Total revenue by product line
$676,258 $85,445 $14,434 $134,689 $910,826 
Timing of revenue recognition:
Products and services at a point in time
$676,258 $22,689 $2,848 $10,432 $712,227 
Services transferred over time
— 62,756 11,586 124,257 198,599 
Total revenue by timing of revenue recognition
$676,258 $85,445 $14,434 $134,689 $910,826 

Six Months Ended May 3, 2025
Networking PlatformsPlatform Software and ServicesBlue Planet Automation Software and ServicesGlobal ServicesTotal
Product lines:
Optical Networking$1,501,566 $— $— $— $1,501,566 
Routing and Switching185,892 — — — 185,892 
Platform Software and Services
— 180,508 — — 180,508 
Blue Planet Automation Software and Services
— — 53,982 — 53,982 
Maintenance Support and Training
— — — 154,014 154,014 
Installation and Deployment
— — — 105,857 105,857 
Consulting and Network Design
— — — 16,319 16,319 
Total revenue by product line
$1,687,458 $180,508 $53,982 $276,190 $2,198,138 
Timing of revenue recognition:
Products and services at a point in time
$1,687,458 $50,979 $20,937 $13,977 $1,773,351 
Services transferred over time— 129,529 33,045 262,213 424,787 
Total revenue by timing of revenue recognition
$1,687,458 $180,508 $53,982 $276,190 $2,198,138 
Six Months Ended April 27, 2024
Networking PlatformsPlatform Software and ServicesBlue Planet Automation Software and ServicesGlobal ServicesTotal
Product lines:
Optical Networking$1,256,072 $— $— $— $1,256,072 
Routing and Switching227,421 — — — 227,421 
Platform Software and Services
— 175,190 — — 175,190 
Blue Planet Automation Software and Services
— — 28,376 — 28,376 
Maintenance Support and Training
— — — 151,525 151,525 
Installation and Deployment
— — — 86,509 86,509 
Consulting and Network Design
— — — 23,442 23,442 
Total revenue by product line
$1,483,493 $175,190 $28,376 $261,476 $1,948,535 
Timing of revenue recognition:
Products and services at a point in time
$1,483,493 $50,383 $3,916 $20,071 $1,557,863 
Services transferred over time
— 124,807 24,460 241,405 390,672 
Total revenue by timing of revenue recognition
$1,483,493 $175,190 $28,376 $261,476 $1,948,535 


•Networking Platforms revenue reflects sales of Ciena’s Optical Networking and Routing and Switching product lines.
•Optical Networking - includes the 6500 Packet-Optical Platform, the Waveserver® system, the 6500 Reconfigurable Line System (RLS), coherent pluggable transceivers, and other optical networking products.
•Routing and Switching - includes the 3000 and 5000 series of service delivery and aggregation platforms, the 8100 Coherent IP networking platforms, virtualization software, and passive optical network and other routing and switching portfolio products.

Revenue from this segment is included in product revenue on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

•Platform Software and Services revenue reflects sales of Ciena’s Platform Software and Platform Services.
•Platform Software - includes Ciena’s Navigator Network Control SuiteTM domain controller solution and its applications, and legacy software solutions.
•Platform Services - includes sales of subscription, installation, support, and consulting services related to Ciena’s software platforms, operating system software and enhanced software features embedded in each of the Networking Platforms product lines above.

Revenue from the software portion of this segment is included in product revenue on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. Revenue from services portions of this segment is included in services revenue on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

•Blue Planet Automation Software and Services revenue reflects sales of Blue Planet Automation Software and Blue Planet Services.
•Blue Planet Automation Software - includes inventory management, orchestration, route optimization and analysis, and unified assurance and analytics software.
•Blue Planet Services - includes sales of subscription, installation, support, consulting and design services related to the Blue Planet Automation Platform.
Revenue from the software portion of this segment is included in product revenue on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. Revenue from the services portions of this segment is included in services revenue on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

•Global Services revenue reflects sales of a broad range of Ciena’s services for maintenance support and training, installation and deployment, and consulting and network design activities.
Revenue from this segment is included in services revenue on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Revenue Recognition
•Revenue from the Networking Platforms segment includes, in addition to the products described above, sales of operating system software and enhanced software features embedded therein, which are each considered distinct performance obligations for which the revenue is generally recognized upfront at a point in time upon transfer of control.
•Revenue from software platforms typically reflects either perpetual or term-based software licenses, and these sales are considered distinct performance obligations where revenue is generally recognized upfront at a point in time upon transfer of control.
•Revenue from software subscription and support is recognized ratably over the period during which the services are performed.
•Revenue from professional services for solution customization, software and solution support services, consulting and design, and build-operate-transfer services relating to Ciena’s software offerings is recognized over time with Ciena applying the input method to determine the amount of revenue to be recognized in a given period. Global Services are considered a distinct performance obligation where revenue is generally recognized over time.
•Revenue from maintenance support is recognized ratably over the period during which the services are performed.
•Revenue from installation and deployment services and consulting and network design services is generally recognized over time with Ciena applying the input method to determine the amount of revenue to be recognized in a given period.
•Revenue from training services is generally recognized at a point in time upon completion of the service.

For additional information on Ciena’s revenue recognition policy, see Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8 of Part II of the 2024 Annual Report.

Geographic Disaggregation of Revenue

Ciena reports its sales geographically using the following markets: (i) the United States, Canada, the Caribbean and Latin America (“Americas”); (ii) Europe, Middle East and Africa (“EMEA”); and (iii) Asia Pacific, Japan and India (“APAC”). Within each geographic area, Ciena maintains specific teams or personnel that focus on a particular region, country, customer, or market vertical. These teams include sales management, account salespersons, and sales engineers, as well as services professionals and commercial management personnel. The following table reflects Ciena’s geographic distribution of revenue based principally on the relevant location for Ciena’s delivery of products and performance of services.

For the periods indicated, Ciena’s geographic distribution of revenue was as follows (in thousands):
Quarter EndedSix Months Ended
May 3,April 27,May 3,April 27,
2025202420252024
Geographic distribution:
Americas
$833,822 $662,877 $1,629,454 $1,381,075 
EMEA
191,585 155,791 349,501 363,203 
APAC
100,471 92,158 219,183 204,257 
Total revenue by geographic distribution
$1,125,878 $910,826 $2,198,138 $1,948,535 
Ciena’s revenue includes $797.5 million and $618.8 million of U.S. revenue for the second quarter of fiscal 2025 and 2024, respectively. For the six months ended May 3, 2025 and April 27, 2024, U.S. revenue was $1.6 billion and $1.3 billion, respectively. No other country accounted for 10% or more of total revenue for the periods indicated in the above table.

Ciena’s revenue includes $151.3 million and $320.2 million from a cloud provider for the second quarter and six months ended May 3, 2025, respectively, and such customer did not account for 10% or more of total revenue for the second quarter or six months ended April 27, 2024. Revenue also includes $117.4 million and $228.4 million from AT&T for the second quarter and six months ended May 3, 2025, respectively, and $125.5 million and $211.7 million for the second quarter and six months ended April 27, 2024, respectively. These customers purchased products from the Networking Platforms, Platform Software and Services, and Global Services operating segments for the periods presented. No other customer accounted for 10% or more of total revenue for the periods presented.

Contract Balances

The following table provides information about receivables, contract assets and contract liabilities (deferred revenue) from contracts with customers as of the dates indicated (in thousands):
Balance at May 3, 2025Balance at November 2, 2024
Accounts receivable, net $929,799 $908,597 
Contract assets for unbilled accounts receivable, net$151,769 $127,919 
Deferred revenue$305,074 $237,619 

Ciena’s contract assets represent unbilled accounts receivable, net where transfer of a product or service has occurred but invoicing is conditional upon completion of future performance obligations. These amounts are primarily related to installation and deployment and professional services arrangements where transfer of control has occurred, but Ciena has not yet invoiced the customer. Contract assets are included in prepaid expenses and other in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Contract liabilities consist of deferred revenue and represent advanced payments against non-cancelable customer orders received prior to revenue recognition. Ciena recognized approximately $111.3 million and $105.3 million of revenue during the first six months of fiscal 2025 and 2024, respectively, that was included in the deferred revenue balance as of November 2, 2024 and October 28, 2023, respectively. Revenue recognized due to changes in transaction price from performance obligations satisfied or partially satisfied in previous periods was immaterial during the six months ended May 3, 2025 and April 27, 2024.

As of the dates indicated, deferred revenue is comprised of the following (in thousands):
May 3,
2025		November 2,
2024
Products$31,651 $19,017 
Services273,423 218,602 
 Total deferred revenue305,074 237,619 
Less current portion(221,835)(156,379)
Long-term deferred revenue$83,239 $81,240 

Capitalized Contract Acquisition Costs

Capitalized contract acquisition costs consist of deferred sales commissions and were $29.3 million and $28.4 million as of May 3, 2025 and November 2, 2024, respectively. Capitalized contract acquisition costs were included in (i) prepaid expenses and other, and (ii) other long-term assets. The amortization expense associated with these costs was $16.7 million and $14.9 million during the first six months of fiscal 2025 and 2024, respectively, and was included in selling and marketing expense on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.
Remaining Performance Obligations

Remaining Performance Obligations (“RPO”) are comprised of non-cancelable customer purchase orders for products and services that are awaiting transfer of control for revenue recognition under the applicable contract terms. As of May 3, 2025, the aggregate amount of RPO was $1.7 billion. As of May 3, 2025, Ciena expects approximately 79% of the RPO balance to be recognized as revenue within the next 12 months.