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Fair Value | 9 Months Ended
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Sep. 30, 2020
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract] |
Fair Value | Fair Value A. Fair Value Measurements Recurring Fair Value Measurements The following tables present financial assets and liabilities measured and recorded at fair value on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (unaudited) on a recurring basis and their level within the fair value hierarchy as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019:
Recurring Fair Value Measurements September 30, 2020 (in millions) | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) |  | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) |  | Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) |  | Balance as of September 30, 2020
Assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Risk management assets | $ | — |  |  | $ | 20.4 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 20.4 |
Available-for-sale debt securities | — |  |  | 161.8 |  |  | — |  |  | 161.8 |
Total | $ | — |  |  | $ | 182.2 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 182.2 |
Liabilities |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Risk management liabilities | $ | — |  |  | $ | 266.4 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 266.4 |
Total | $ | — |  |  | $ | 266.4 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 266.4 |
Recurring Fair Value Measurements December 31, 2019 (in millions) | Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) |  | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) |  | Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) |  | Balance as of December 31, 2019
Assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Risk management assets | $ | — |  |  | $ | 4.4 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 4.4 |
Available-for-sale debt securities | — |  |  | 154.2 |  |  | — |  |  | 154.2 |
Total | $ | — |  |  | $ | 158.6 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 158.6 |
Liabilities |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Risk management liabilities | $ | — |  |  | $ | 146.6 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 146.6 |
Total | $ | — |  |  | $ | 146.6 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 146.6 |
Risk Management Assets and Liabilities. Risk management assets and liabilities include interest rate swaps, exchange-traded NYMEX futures and NYMEX options and non-exchange-based forward purchase contracts. When utilized, exchange-traded derivative contracts are based on unadjusted quoted prices in active markets and are classified within Level 1. These financial assets and liabilities are secured with cash on deposit with the exchange; therefore, nonperformance risk has not been incorporated into these valuations. Certain non-exchange-traded derivatives are valued using broker or over-the-counter, on-line exchanges. In such cases, these non-exchange-traded derivatives are classified within Level 2. Non-exchange-based derivative instruments include swaps, forwards, and options. In certain instances, these instruments may utilize models to measure fair value. We use a similar model to value similar instruments. Valuation models utilize various inputs that include quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active, other observable inputs for the asset or liability and market-corroborated inputs, (i.e., inputs derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data by correlation or other means). Where observable inputs are available for substantially the full term of the asset or liability, the instrument is categorized within Level 2. Certain derivatives trade in less active markets with a lower availability of pricing information and models may be utilized in the valuation. When such inputs have a significant impact on the measurement of fair value, the instrument is categorized within Level 3. Credit risk is considered in the fair value calculation of derivative instruments that are not exchange-traded. Credit exposures are adjusted to reflect collateral agreements which reduce exposures. As of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, there were no material transfers between fair value hierarchies. Additionally, there were no changes in the method or significant assumptions used to estimate the fair value of our financial instruments. Credit risk is considered in the fair value calculation of each of our forward-starting interest rate swaps, as described in Note 10, "Risk Management Activities." As they are based on observable data and valuations of similar instruments, the hedges are categorized within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy. There was no exchange of premium at the initial date of the swaps, and we can settle the contracts at any time. NIPSCO has entered into long-term forward natural gas purchase instruments to lock in a fixed price for its natural gas customers. We value these contracts using a pricing model that incorporates market-based information when available, as these instruments trade less frequently and are classified within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy. For additional information, see Note 10, “Risk Management Activities.” Available-for-Sale Debt Securities. Available-for-sale debt securities are investments pledged as collateral for trust accounts related to our wholly-owned insurance company. We value U.S. Treasury, corporate debt and mortgage-backed securities using a matrix pricing model that incorporates market-based information. These securities trade less frequently and are classified within Level 2. We adopted ASC 326 effective January 1, 2020. See "Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements" in Note 2, "Recent Accounting Pronouncements," for more information about ASC 326. Upon adoption of ASC 326, our available-for-sale debt securities impairments are recognized periodically using an allowance approach instead of an 'other than temporary' impairment model. At each reporting date, we utilize a quantitative and qualitative review process to assess the impairment of available-for-sale debt securities at the individual security level. For securities in a loss position, we evaluate our intent to sell or whether it is more-likely-than-not that we will be required to sell the security prior to the recovery of its amortized cost. If either criteria is met, the loss is recognized in earnings immediately, with the offsetting entry to the carrying value of the security. If both criteria are not met, we perform an analysis to determine whether the unrealized loss is related to credit factors. The analysis focuses on a variety of factors that include, but are not limited to, downgrade on ratings of the security, defaults in the current reporting period or projected defaults in the future, the security's yield spread over treasuries, and other relevant market data. If the unrealized loss is not related to credit factors, it is included in other comprehensive income. If the unrealized loss is related to credit factors, the loss is recognized as credit loss expense in earnings during the period, with an offsetting entry to the allowance for credit losses. The amount of the credit loss recorded to the allowance account is limited by the amount at which security's fair value is less than its amortized cost basis. If the credit losses in the allowance for credit losses are deemed uncollectible, the allowance on the uncollectible portion will be charged off, with an offsetting entry to the carrying value of the security. Subsequent improvements to the estimated credit losses of available-for-sale debt securities will be recognized immediately in earnings instead of over-time as they would under historic guidance. During the nine months ended September 30, 2020, we recorded $0.7 million as an allowance for credit losses on available-for-sale debt securities as a result of the analysis described above. Continuous credit monitoring and portfolio credit balancing mitigates our risk of credit losses on our available-for-sale debt securities. The amortized cost, gross unrealized gains and losses, allowance for credit losses, and fair value of available-for-sale securities at September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019 were:
September 30, 2020 (in millions) | Amortized Cost |  | Gross Unrealized Gains |  | Gross Unrealized Losses(1) |  | Allowance for Credit Losses |  | Fair Value
Available-for-sale debt securities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. Treasury debt securities | $ | 31.5 |  |  | $ | 0.4 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 31.9 |
Corporate/Other debt securities | 124.6 |  |  | 7.0 |  |  | (1.0) |  |  | (0.7) |  |  | 129.9 |
Total | $ | 156.1 |  |  | $ | 7.4 |  |  | $ | (1.0) |  |  | $ | (0.7) |  |  | $ | 161.8 |
December 31, 2019 (in millions) | Amortized Cost |  | Gross Unrealized Gains |  | Gross Unrealized Losses(2) |  | Allowance for Credit Losses |  | Fair Value
Available-for-sale debt securities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. Treasury debt securities | $ | 31.4 |  |  | $ | 0.1 |  |  | $ | (0.1) |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 31.4 |
Corporate/Other debt securities | 118.7 |  |  | 4.2 |  |  | (0.1) |  |  | — |  |  | 122.8 |
Total | $ | 150.1 |  |  | $ | 4.3 |  |  | $ | (0.2) |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 154.2 |
(1)Fair value of U.S. Treasury debt securities and Corporate/Other debt securities in an unrealized loss position without an allowance for credit losses is $0 and $20.4 million, respectively, at September 30, 2020. (2)Fair value of U.S. Treasury debt securities and Corporate/Other debt securities in an unrealized loss position without an allowance for credit losses is $17.2 million and $12.2 million, respectively, at December 31, 2019. Realized gains and losses on available-for-sale securities were immaterial for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019. The cost of maturities sold is based upon specific identification. At September 30, 2020, approximately $7.0 million of U.S. Treasury debt securities and approximately $5.8 million of Corporate/Other debt securities have maturities of less than a year. There are no material items in the fair value reconciliation of Level 3 assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019. Non-recurring Fair Value Measurements We measure the fair value of certain assets on a non-recurring basis, typically annually or when events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the assets may not be recoverable. These assets include goodwill. As of September 30, 2020, the Massachusetts Business met the requirements under GAAP to be classified as held for sale, and the assets and liabilities of the Massachusetts Business are measured at fair value, less costs to sell. Our estimated total pre-tax loss for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 is $35.6 million and $400.2 million, respectively. For additional information, see Note 6, "Assets and Liabilities Held for Sale." B. Other Fair Value Disclosures for Financial Instruments. The carrying amount of cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, customer deposits and short-term borrowings is a reasonable estimate of fair value due to their liquid or short-term nature. Our long-term borrowings are recorded at historical amounts. The following method and assumptions were used to estimate the fair value of each class of financial instruments. Long-term Debt. The fair value of outstanding long-term debt is estimated based on the quoted market prices for the same or similar securities. Certain premium costs associated with the early settlement of long-term debt are not taken into consideration in determining fair value. These fair value measurements are classified within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy. As of September 30, 2020, there was no change in the method or significant assumptions used to estimate the fair value of long-term debt. The carrying amount and estimated fair values of these financial instruments were as follows:
(in millions) | Carrying Amount as of September 30, 2020 |  | Estimated Fair Value as of September 30, 2020 |  | Carrying Amount as of Dec. 31, 2019 |  | Estimated Fair Value as of Dec. 31, 2019
Long-term debt (including current portion) | $ | 9,230.3 |  |  | $ | 10,723.5 |  |  | $ | 7,869.6 |  |  | $ | 8,764.4 |

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- Definition The entire disclosure for the fair value of financial instruments (as defined), including financial assets and financial liabilities (collectively, as defined), and the measurements of those instruments as well as disclosures related to the fair value of non-financial assets and liabilities. Such disclosures about the financial instruments, assets, and liabilities would include: (1) the fair value of the required items together with their carrying amounts (as appropriate); (2) for items for which it is not practicable to estimate fair value, disclosure would include: (a) information pertinent to estimating fair value (including, carrying amount, effective interest rate, and maturity, and (b) the reasons why it is not practicable to estimate fair value; (3) significant concentrations of credit risk including: (a) information about the activity, region, or economic characteristics identifying a concentration, (b) the maximum amount of loss the entity is exposed to based on the gross fair value of the related item, (c) policy for requiring collateral or other security and information as to accessing such collateral or security, and (d) the nature and brief description of such collateral or security; (4) quantitative information about market risks and how such risks are managed; (5) for items measured on both a recurring and nonrecurring basis information regarding the inputs used to develop the fair value measurement; and (6) for items presented in the financial statement for which fair value measurement is elected: (a) information necessary to understand the reasons for the election, (b) discussion of the effect of fair value changes on earnings, (c) a description of [similar groups] items for which the election is made and the relation thereof to the balance sheet, the aggregate carrying value of items included in the balance sheet that are not eligible for the election; (7) all other required (as defined) and desired information. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 2 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=117815213&loc=d3e19207-110258 + Details
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