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Income Taxes
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2021
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Income Taxes Income Taxes
Our interim effective tax rates reflect the estimated annual effective tax rates for 2021 and 2020, adjusted for tax expense associated with certain discrete items. The effective tax rates for the three months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 were 19.2% and 27.3%, respectively. The effective tax rates for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 were 17.9% and 42.0%, respectively. These effective tax rates differ from the federal statutory tax rate of 21% primarily due to increased amortization of excess deferred federal income tax liabilities, as specified in the TCJA, tax credits, state income taxes and other permanent book-to-tax differences. These adjustments have a relative impact on the effective tax rate proportionally to pretax income or loss.
The decrease in the three month effective tax rate of 8.1% in 2021 compared to 2020 is primarily attributed to discrete items in 2020 related to the pre-tax book loss recorded for the classification as held for sale of the Massachusetts Business and loss on early extinguishment of long-term debt tax effected at statutory tax rates.

The decrease in the nine month effective tax rate of 24.1% in 2021 compared to 2020 is primarily attributed to discrete items in 2020 related to the pre-tax book loss recorded for the classification as held for sale of the Massachusetts Business and loss on early extinguishment of long-term debt tax effected at statutory tax rates.

There were no material changes recorded in 2021 to our uncertain tax positions recorded as of December 31, 2020.