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Income Taxes
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2022
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Income Taxes Income Taxes
Our interim effective tax rates reflect the estimated annual effective tax rates for 2022 and 2021, adjusted for tax expense associated with certain discrete items. The effective tax rates for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021 were 18.2% and 17.4%, respectively. These effective tax rates differ from the federal statutory tax rate of 21% primarily due to increased amortization of excess deferred federal income tax liabilities, as specified in the TCJA, tax credits, state income taxes and other permanent book-to-tax differences. These adjustments have a relative impact on the effective tax rate proportionally to pretax income or loss.
The increase in the three month effective tax rate of 0.8% in 2022 compared to 2021 is primarily attributed to the tax effect of the discrete item in 2022 related to the pre-tax book income recorded for the Columbia of Massachusetts insurance proceeds, offset by increased amortization of excess deferred federal income tax liabilities, lower state income taxes, and increased deduction for AFUDC equity in 2022.
There were no material changes recorded in 2022 to our uncertain tax positions recorded as of December 31, 2021.