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Share-Based Compensation | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2023
Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Noncash Expense [Abstract] |
Share-Based Compensation | Prior to May 19, 2020, we issued share-based compensation to employees and non-employee directors under the NiSource Inc. 2010 Omnibus Plan ("2010 Omnibus Plan"), which was most recently approved by stockholders at the Annual Meeting of Stockholders held on May 12, 2015. The 2010 Omnibus Plan provided for awards to employees and non-employee directors of incentive and nonqualified stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, restricted stock units, performance shares, performance units, cash-based awards and other stock-based awards and superseded the Director Stock Incentive Plan (“Director Plan”) with respect to grants made after the effective date of the 2010 Omnibus Plan. The stockholders approved and adopted the NiSource Inc. 2020 Omnibus Incentive Plan ("2020 Omnibus Plan") at the Annual Meeting of Stockholders held on May 19, 2020. The 2020 Omnibus Plan provides for awards to employees and non-employee directors of incentive and nonqualified stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, restricted stock units, performance shares, performance units, cash-based awards and other stock-based awards and supersedes the 2010 Omnibus Plan with respect to grants made after the effective date of the 2020 Omnibus Plan. The 2020 Omnibus Plan provides that the number of shares of common stock of NiSource available for awards is 10,000,000 plus the number of shares subject to outstanding awards that expire or terminate for any reason that were granted under the 2020 Omnibus Plan, the 2010 Omnibus Plan or any other equity plan under which awards were outstanding as of May 19, 2020. At December 31, 2023, there were 8,023,671 shares available for future awards under the 2020 Omnibus Plan. We recognized stock-based employee compensation expense of $23.9 million, $19.0 million and $16.7 million, during 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively, as well as related tax benefits of $7.7 million, $3.6 million and $4.0 million, respectively. We recognized related excess tax benefit from the distribution of vested share-based employee compensation of $2.9 million in 2023 and $0.4 million respectively, in 2022 and 2021. As of December 31, 2023, the total remaining unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested awards amounted to $20.8 million, which will be amortized over the weighted-average remaining requisite service period of 1.6 years. Restricted Stock Units and Restricted Stock. We granted 500,968, 477,292, and 285,755 restricted stock units and shares of restricted stock to employees, subject to service conditions in 2023, 2022, and 2021, respectively. The total grant date fair value of the restricted stock units and shares of restricted stock during 2023, 2022, and 2021, respectively, was $13.7 million, $12.5 million, and $5.7 million. The grant date fair value for the 2023 awards is based on the average market price of our common stock at the date of each grant. For the years ended 2022 and 2021, the grant date fair value is based on the average market price of our common stock at the date of each grant less the present value of any dividends not received during the vesting period. The awards are expensed over the vesting period which is generally three years. As of December 31, 2023, 464,725, 385,062, and 158,797 non-vested restricted stock units and shares of restricted stock granted in 2023, 2022, and 2021, respectively, were outstanding. Our non-vested restricted stock units have a non-forfeitable right to dividend equivalents, with immaterial amounts paid in the periods ending December 31, 2023 and 2022. See Note 5, "Earnings Per Share," for further discussion. If an employee terminates employment before the service conditions lapse under the 2021, 2022 or 2023 awards due to (1) retirement or disability (as defined in the award agreement), or (2) death, the service conditions will lapse on the date of such termination with respect to a pro rata portion of the restricted stock units and shares of restricted stock based upon the percentage of the service period satisfied between the grant date and the date of the termination of employment. In the event of a change in control (as defined in the award agreement), all unvested shares of restricted stock and restricted stock units awarded will immediately vest upon termination of employment occurring in connection with a change in control. Termination due to any other reason will result in all unvested shares of restricted stock and restricted stock units awarded being forfeited effective on the employee’s date of termination. A summary of our restricted stock unit award transactions for the year ended December 31, 2023 is as follows:
(shares) | Restricted Stock Units |  | Weighted Average Award Date Fair Value Per Unit ($)
Non-vested at December 31, 2022 | 798,515 |  |  | 24.48 |
Granted | 500,968 |  |  | 27.38 |
Forfeited | (54,171) |  |  | 25.32 |
Vested | (178,396) |  |  | 24.87 |
Non-vested at December 31, 2023 | 1,066,916 |  |  | 25.71 |
Employee Performance Shares. We granted 649,088 performance shares subject to service, performance and/or market-based vesting conditions in 2023. The performance conditions for these shares are based on the achievement of one non-GAAP financial measure, achievement of relative total shareholder return, and other operational metrics, which make up 50%, 25%, and 25% of the issued awards respectively. The financial measure is cumulative net operating earnings per share ("NOEPS"), which we define as income from continuing operations adjusted for certain items. Relative total shareholder return, a market-based vesting condition, which we define as the annualized growth in dividends and share price of a share of our common stock (calculated using a 20 trading day average of our closing price over the performance period, approximately) compared to the total shareholder return of a predetermined peer group of companies. A relative shareholder return result within the first quartile will result in an increase in the NOEPS shares of 25%, while a relative shareholder return result within the fourth quartile will result in a decrease of 25%. A Monte Carlo analysis was used to value the portion of these awards dependent on the market-based vesting condition. The grant date fair value of the NOEPS shares is based on the closing stock price of our common stock at the date of each grant, which will be expensed over the requisite service period of three years. The conditions for the remaining performance-based awards are based on operational goals of economic inclusion (5%), OPEX Index (10%), Employee Engagement Index Score (5%), and Environmental GHG Reduction (5%). The OPEX Index is further defined by goals related to risk mitigation and modernization of our infrastructure. See table below for further details on these awards. In 2022, we granted 566,086 performance shares subject to service, performance and/or market-based vesting conditions. The performance conditions for these shares are based on the achievement of one non-GAAP financial measure, and/or achievement of relative total shareholder return, outlined above. The number of shares that are eligible to vest based on these performance conditions are adjusted based on performance of the magnifier framework for 2022 awards, outlined above. The operational magnifier framework for 2022 performance shares consists of three areas of focus, including safety, environment, and DE&I, representing 20%, 10% and 10%, respectively. We granted 973,885 performance shares subject to service, performance and/or market-based vesting conditions in 2021. With respect to 390,041 performance shares granted, the performance conditions are based on the achievement of relative total shareholder return. The number of shares that are eligible to vest based on the Company's relative total shareholder return performance will be adjusted based on a performance magnifier related to safety. A Monte Carlo analysis was used to value the portion of these awards dependent on the market-based vesting condition. The grant date fair value of the NOEPS shares is based on the closing stock price of our common stock at the date of each grant, which will be expensed over the requisite service period of three years. See table below for further details on these awards. With respect to the remaining 582,944 performance shares granted in 2021, the performance conditions are based on the achievement of one non-GAAP financial measure, and/or achievement of relative total shareholder return. The number of shares that are eligible to vest based on these performance conditions will be adjusted based on performance of the magnifier framework for 2021 awards. The operational magnifier framework for 2021 performance shares consists of three areas of focus including safety, environment, and DE&I, representing 20%, 10% and 10%, respectively. The following table presents details of the performance awards described above.
Award Year | Service Conditions Lapse date | Performance Period | Award Conditions |  | Shares outstanding at 12/31/2023 (shares) | Grant Date Fair Value (in millions)
2023 | 2/28/2026 | 01/01/2023- 12/31/2025 | Non-GAAP Financial and Operational Measures |  | 488,515 |  | $ | 13.3 |
Relative Total Shareholder Return |  | 162,815 |  | $ | 5.4 |
2022 | 2/28/2025 | 01/01/2022- 12/31/2024 | Non-GAAP Financial Measure |  | 235,120 |  | $ | 7.4 |
Relative Total Shareholder Return |  | 235,120 |  | $ | 10.6 |
2021 | 2/28/2024 | 01/01/2021- 12/31/2023 | Non-GAAP Financial Measure |  | 186,427 |  | $ | 6.5 |
Relative Total Shareholder Return |  | 186,427 |  | $ | 6.7 |
2/28/2024 | 01/01/2021- 12/31/2023 | Relative Total Shareholder Return |  | 87,268 |  | $ | 3.2 |
A summary of our performance award transactions for the year ended December 31, 2023 is as follows:
(shares) | Performance Awards |  | Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value Per Unit ($)
Non-vested at December 31, 2022 | 1,505,740 |  |  | 26.10 |
Granted | 649,088 |  |  | 28.87 |
Forfeited | (53,786) |  |  | 28.29 |
Vested | (542,533) |  |  | 22.21 |
Non-vested at December 31, 2023 | 1,558,509 |  |  | 28.01 |
Non-employee Director Awards. As of May 19, 2020, awards to non-employee directors may be made only under the 2020 Omnibus Plan. Currently, restricted stock units are granted annually to non-employee directors, subject to a non-employee director’s election to defer receipt of such restricted stock unit award. The non-employee director’s annual award of restricted stock units vest on the first anniversary of the grant date subject to special pro-rata vesting rules in the event of retirement or disability (as defined in the award agreement), or death. The vested restricted stock units are payable as soon as practicable following vesting except as otherwise provided pursuant to the non-employee director’s deferral election. Certain restricted stock units remain outstanding from the 2010 Omnibus Plan and the Director Plan. All such awards are fully vested and shall be distributed to the directors upon their separation from the Board. As of December 31, 2023, 272,609 restricted stock units are outstanding to non-employee directors under either the 2020 Omnibus Plan, the 2010 Omnibus Plan or the Director Plan. Of this amount, 67,611 restricted stock units are unvested and expected to vest. 401(k) Match, Profit Sharing and Company Contribution. Eligible salaried employees hired after January 1, 2010 and hourly and union employees hired after January 1, 2013 receive a non-elective company contribution of 4.5% of eligible pay payable in cash or shares of NiSource common stock. We also have a voluntary 401(k) savings plan covering eligible union and nonunion employees that allows for periodic discretionary matches as a percentage of each participant’s contributions payable in cash or shares. Further, we have a retirement savings plan that provides for discretionary profit sharing contributions to eligible employees. For the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, we recognized 401(k) match, profit sharing and non-elective contribution expense of $50.7 million, $39.1 million and $39.1 million, respectively.

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