<SEC-DOCUMENT>0001193125-25-110133.txt : 20250501
<SEC-HEADER>0001193125-25-110133.hdr.sgml : 20250501
<ACCEPTANCE-DATETIME>20250501172101
ACCESSION NUMBER:		0001193125-25-110133
CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE:	S-3ASR
PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT:		21
FILED AS OF DATE:		20250501
DATE AS OF CHANGE:		20250501
EFFECTIVENESS DATE:		20250501

FILER:

	COMPANY DATA:	
		COMPANY CONFORMED NAME:			BIOGEN INC.
		CENTRAL INDEX KEY:			0000875045
		STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION:	BIOLOGICAL PRODUCTS (NO DIAGNOSTIC SUBSTANCES) [2836]
		ORGANIZATION NAME:           	03 Life Sciences
		EIN:				330112644
		STATE OF INCORPORATION:			DE
		FISCAL YEAR END:			1231

	FILING VALUES:
		FORM TYPE:		S-3ASR
		SEC ACT:		1933 Act
		SEC FILE NUMBER:	333-286915
		FILM NUMBER:		25904426

	BUSINESS ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		225 BINNEY STREET
		CITY:			CAMBRIDGE
		STATE:			MA
		ZIP:			02142
		BUSINESS PHONE:		7814642000

	MAIL ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		225 BINNEY STREET
		CITY:			CAMBRIDGE
		STATE:			MA
		ZIP:			02142

	FORMER COMPANY:	
		FORMER CONFORMED NAME:	BIOGEN IDEC INC.
		DATE OF NAME CHANGE:	20070427

	FORMER COMPANY:	
		FORMER CONFORMED NAME:	BIOGEN IDEC INC
		DATE OF NAME CHANGE:	20031112

	FORMER COMPANY:	
		FORMER CONFORMED NAME:	IDEC PHARMACEUTICALS CORP / DE
		DATE OF NAME CHANGE:	19970530
</SEC-HEADER>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>S-3ASR
<SEQUENCE>1
<FILENAME>d947116ds3asr.htm
<DESCRIPTION>S-3ASR
<TEXT>
<HTML><HEAD>
<TITLE>S-3ASR</TITLE>
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<Center><DIV STYLE="width:8.5in" align="left">
 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:9pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 1, 2025 </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:9pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="right"><B>No. 333-&#8195;&#8195;&#8195; </B></P>
<P STYLE="font-size:3pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P><DIV STYLE="line-height:1.0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;border-bottom:1px solid #000000">&nbsp;
</DIV><DIV STYLE="line-height:3.0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:2pt;border-bottom:1px solid #000000">&nbsp;</DIV> <P STYLE="margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:15.5pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>UNITED STATES </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:15.5pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>Washington, D.C. 20549 </B></P>
<P STYLE="font-size:3pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P><center><DIV STYLE="line-height:6.0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:2pt;border-bottom:1.00pt solid #000000;width:21%">&nbsp;</DIV></center>
<P STYLE="margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:15.5pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>FORM <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">S-3</FONT> </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:15.5pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>REGISTRATION STATEMENT </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B><I>UNDER </I></B></P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B><I>THE
SECURITIES ACT OF 1933 </I></B></P> <P STYLE="font-size:3pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P><center><DIV STYLE="line-height:6.0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:2pt;border-bottom:1.00pt solid #000000;width:21%">&nbsp;</DIV></center>
<P STYLE="margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:20pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>BIOGEN INC. </B></P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:9.5pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>(Exact name
of registrant as specified in its charter) </B></P>
<P STYLE="font-size:3pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P><center><DIV STYLE="line-height:6.0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:2pt;border-bottom:1.00pt solid #000000;width:21%">&nbsp;</DIV></center>
<P STYLE="font-size:3pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" WIDTH="100%" BORDER="0" STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:8pt" ALIGN="center">


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<TD VALIGN="top" ALIGN="center"><B>Delaware</B></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="top" ALIGN="center"><B><FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">33-0112644</FONT></B></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:8pt">
<TD VALIGN="top" ALIGN="center"> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:8pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>(State or other jurisdiction of</B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:1pt; font-size:8pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>incorporation or organization)</B></P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="top" ALIGN="center"> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:8pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>(I.R.S. Employer</B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:1pt; font-size:8pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>Identification No.)</B></P></TD></TR>
</TABLE> <P STYLE="margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:9pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>225 Binney Street, Cambridge, MA 02142 </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:9pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B><FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">(617)&nbsp;679-2000</FONT> </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:8pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>(Address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of registrant&#146;s principal executive offices) </B></P>
<P STYLE="font-size:3pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P><center><DIV STYLE="line-height:6.0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:2pt;border-bottom:1.00pt solid #000000;width:21%">&nbsp;</DIV></center>
<P STYLE="margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:9pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>Susan H. Alexander, Esq. </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:9pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>Executive Vice President and Chief Legal Officer </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:9pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>Biogen Inc. </B></P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:9pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>225 Binney
Street </B></P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:9pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142 </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:9pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B><FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">(617)&nbsp;679-2000</FONT> </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:8pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>(Name, address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of agent for service) </B></P>
<P STYLE="font-size:3pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P><center><DIV STYLE="line-height:6.0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:2pt;border-bottom:1.00pt solid #000000;width:21%">&nbsp;</DIV></center>
<P STYLE="margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:9pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B><I>With copies to: </I></B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:2pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:9pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>John R. Ablan </B></P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:9pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>Willkie
Farr&nbsp;&amp; Gallagher LLP </B></P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:9pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>300 North LaSalle Drive </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:9pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>Chicago, Illinois 60654 </B></P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:9pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B><FONT
STYLE="white-space:nowrap">(312)&nbsp;728-9000</FONT> </B></P>
<P STYLE="font-size:3pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P><center><DIV STYLE="line-height:6.0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:2pt;border-bottom:1.00pt solid #000000;width:21%">&nbsp;</DIV></center>
<P STYLE="margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:9pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>Approximate Date of Commencement of Proposed Sale to the Public: </B>From time to time after the effective date of this Registration
Statement. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:9pt; font-family:Times New Roman">If the only securities being registered on this Form are being offered pursuant to dividend or interest reinvestment plans,
please check the following box.&#8194;&#9744; </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:9pt; font-family:Times New Roman">If any of the securities being registered on this Form are to be offered on a delayed or
continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933, other than securities offered only in connection with dividend or interest reinvestment plans, check the following box.&#8194;&#9746; </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:9pt; font-family:Times New Roman">If this Form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, please check the
following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering.&#8194;&#9744; </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:9pt; font-family:Times New Roman">If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the
Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering.&#8194;&#9744; </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:9pt; font-family:Times New Roman">If this
Form is a registration statement pursuant to General Instruction I.D. or a post-effective amendment thereto that shall become effective upon filing with the Commission pursuant to Rule 462(e) under the Securities Act, check the following
box.&#8194;&#9746; </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:9pt; font-family:Times New Roman">If this Form is a post-effective amendment to a registration statement filed pursuant to General Instruction I.D. filed
to register additional securities or additional classes of securities pursuant to Rule 413(b) under the Securities Act, check the following box.&#8194;&#9744; </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:9pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a
<FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">non-accelerated</FONT> filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of &#147;large accelerated filer,&#148; &#147;accelerated filer,&#148; &#147;smaller reporting
company&#148; and &#147;emerging growth company&#148; in <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">Rule&nbsp;12b-2</FONT> of the Exchange Act. (Check one): </P> <P STYLE="font-size:3pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" WIDTH="100%" BORDER="0" STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:9pt" ALIGN="center">


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<TD VALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1%"></TD>
<TD WIDTH="57%"></TD>

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<TD VALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1%"></TD>
<TD WIDTH="2%"></TD></TR>


<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:9pt">
<TD VALIGN="bottom">Large&nbsp;accelerated&nbsp;filer</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&#9746;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">Accelerated&nbsp;filer</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&#9744;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font-size:1pt">
<TD HEIGHT="4"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="4" COLSPAN="2"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="4" COLSPAN="2"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="4" COLSPAN="2"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:9pt">
<TD VALIGN="bottom"><FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">Non-accelerated</FONT> filer</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&#9744;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">Smaller&nbsp;reporting&nbsp;company</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&#9744;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font-size:1pt">
<TD HEIGHT="4"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="4" COLSPAN="2"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="4" COLSPAN="2"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="4" COLSPAN="2"></TD></TR>
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<TD VALIGN="bottom"></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom"></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">Emerging growth company</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&#9744;</TD></TR>
</TABLE> <P STYLE="margin-top:3pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:9pt; font-family:Times New Roman">If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period
for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section&nbsp;7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act.&#8194;&#9744; </P>
<P STYLE="font-size:4pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P><DIV STYLE="line-height:1.0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;border-bottom:1px solid #000000">&nbsp;
</DIV><DIV STYLE="line-height:3.0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:2pt;border-bottom:1px solid #000000">&nbsp;</DIV>
</DIV></Center>


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<Center><DIV STYLE="width:8.5in" align="left">
 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>PROSPECTUS </B></P> <P STYLE="font-size:12pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt" ALIGN="center">


<IMG SRC="g947116g03g03.jpg" ALT="LOGO" STYLE="width:2.38753in;height:0.810299in;">
 </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:24pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>Biogen Inc. </B></P>
<P STYLE="font-size:12pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P><center><DIV STYLE="line-height:6.0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:2pt;border-bottom:1.00pt solid #000000;width:21%">&nbsp;</DIV></center>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:14pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>Common Stock </B></P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:14pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>Preferred
Stock </B></P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:14pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>Debt Securities </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:14pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>Warrants </B></P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:14pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>Depositary
Shares </B></P> <P STYLE="font-size:12pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P><center><DIV STYLE="line-height:6.0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:2pt;border-bottom:1.00pt solid #000000;width:21%">&nbsp;</DIV></center>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Biogen Inc. may offer and sell from time to time, in one or more series or issuances and on terms determined at the time of the offering, any
combination of the securities described in this prospectus. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">This prospectus describes some of the general terms of these securities. The
specific terms of the securities to be offered will be described in supplements to this prospectus, together with other terms and matters related to the offering. The prospectus supplements may also add, update or change information contained or
incorporated by reference in this prospectus. This prospectus may be used to offer and sell securities only if accompanied by a prospectus supplement. You should read carefully both this prospectus and the applicable prospectus supplement, along
with the additional information described under the heading &#147;Where You Can Find More Information,&#148; before making an investment decision. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">We may offer and sell the securities on an immediate, continuous or delayed basis directly to investors or through underwriters, dealers or
agents, or through a combination of any of these methods at prices and on terms determined at the time of offering. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Our common stock
trades on the Nasdaq Global Select Market under the symbol &#147;BIIB.&#148; </P>
<P STYLE="font-size:12pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P><center><DIV STYLE="line-height:6.0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:2pt;border-bottom:1.00pt solid #000000;width:21%">&nbsp;</DIV></center>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>Investing in these securities involves certain risks. Please carefully read the information under the heading &#147;<A HREF="#tx947116_6">Risk
 Factors</A>&#148; on page 6 of this prospectus before you invest in our securities. We may include additional risk factors in any prospectus supplement, any related free writing prospectus and/or any other future filings we make with the Securities
and Exchange Commission that are incorporated by reference into this prospectus and into the applicable prospectus supplement. </B></P>
<P STYLE="font-size:12pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P><center><DIV STYLE="line-height:6.0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:2pt;border-bottom:1.00pt solid #000000;width:21%">&nbsp;</DIV></center>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">The address of our principal executive offices is 225 Binney Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, and our telephone number at our principal
executive offices is (617) <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">679-2000.</FONT> </P>
<P STYLE="font-size:12pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P><center><DIV STYLE="line-height:6.0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:2pt;border-bottom:1.00pt solid #000000;width:21%">&nbsp;</DIV></center>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or
determined if this prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense. </B></P>
<P STYLE="font-size:12pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P><center><DIV STYLE="line-height:6.0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:2pt;border-bottom:1.00pt solid #000000;width:21%">&nbsp;</DIV></center>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>The date of this prospectus is May 1, 2025. </B></P>
</DIV></Center>


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<Center><DIV STYLE="width:8.5in" align="left">
 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B><A NAME="toc"></A>Table of Contents </B></P>
<P STYLE="font-size:12pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
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<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:1.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B><A HREF="#tx947116_1">ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS</A></B></P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right"><B>1</B></TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:1.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B><A HREF="#tx947116_2">WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION</A></B></P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right"><B>2</B></TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:1.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B><A HREF="#tx947116_3">DISCLOSURE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS</A></B></P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right"><B>3</B></TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:1.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B><A HREF="#tx947116_4">NOTE REGARDING TRADEMARKS</A></B></P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right"><B>4</B></TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:1.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B><A HREF="#tx947116_5">THE COMPANY</A></B></P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right"><B>5</B></TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:1.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B><A HREF="#tx947116_6">RISK FACTORS</A></B></P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right"><B>6</B></TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:1.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B><A HREF="#tx947116_7">USE OF PROCEEDS</A></B></P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right"><B>7</B></TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:1.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B><A HREF="#tx947116_8">DESCRIPTION OF CAPITAL STOCK</A></B></P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right"><B>7</B></TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:1.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B><A HREF="#tx947116_9">DESCRIPTION OF DEBT SECURITIES</A></B></P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right"><B>11</B></TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:1.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B><A HREF="#tx947116_10">DESCRIPTION OF WARRANTS</A></B></P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right"><B>18</B></TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:1.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B><A HREF="#tx947116_11">DESCRIPTION OF DEPOSITARY SHARES</A></B></P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right"><B>20</B></TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:1.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B><A HREF="#tx947116_12">PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION</A></B></P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right"><B>24</B></TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:1.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B><A HREF="#tx947116_13">LEGAL MATTERS</A></B></P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right"><B>26</B></TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:1.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B><A HREF="#tx947116_14">EXPERTS</A></B></P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right"><B>26</B></TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">- i - </P>

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<Center><DIV STYLE="width:8.5in" align="left">
 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B><A NAME="tx947116_1"></A>ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">This prospectus is part of a registration statement that we filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (&#147;SEC&#148;) utilizing a
shelf registration process. Under this shelf process, we may, from time to time, sell any combination of the common stock, preferred stock, debt securities, warrants or depositary shares described in this prospectus in one or more offerings. You
should read this prospectus along with any accompanying prospectus supplement and the documents incorporated herein and therein carefully before you invest. These documents contain important information you should consider when making your
investment decision. This prospectus contains information about the securities we may offer generally. Each time we offer or sell securities, we will provide a prospectus supplement and, in some cases, a pricing supplement, that will contain
information about the specific securities being offered. The prospectus supplement or pricing supplement may also add, update or change information in this prospectus or in any of the documents that we have incorporated by reference into this
prospectus. You should assume that the information provided in this prospectus, any prospectus supplement, any free writing prospectus or any pricing supplement, and the information provided in the documents incorporated by reference herein and
therein, are accurate only as of the date of the applicable document. Neither the delivery of this prospectus or any prospectus supplement, nor any offer or sale made hereunder, shall under any circumstances create any implication that there has
been no change in our affairs since such date, or that the information contained or incorporated by reference into this prospectus, any prospectus supplement, any free writing prospectus or any pricing supplement is correct as of any time subsequent
to the date of such document. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">You should not consider any information in this prospectus, any prospectus supplement or any of the
documents incorporated by reference herein or therein to be investment, legal or tax advice. You should consult your own counsel, accountants and other advisers for legal, tax, business, financial and related advice regarding the purchase of any
securities. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">We have not authorized anyone to provide any information other than that contained or incorporated by reference in this
prospectus, in any accompanying prospectus supplement, in any free writing prospectus or in any pricing supplement prepared by or on behalf of us or to which we have referred you. We take no responsibility for, and can provide no assurance as to the
reliability of, any other information that others may give you. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">To the extent there is a conflict between the information contained in
this prospectus, on the one hand, and the information contained in a prospectus supplement, on the other hand, the information contained in the prospectus supplement shall control. If any statement in this prospectus conflicts with any statement in
a document that we have incorporated by reference, then you should consider only the statement in the more recent document. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">This
prospectus contains summaries of certain provisions contained in some of the documents described herein, but reference is made to the actual documents for complete information. All of the summaries are qualified in their entirety by the actual
documents. Copies of some of the documents referred to herein have been filed, will be filed or will be incorporated by reference as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part, and you may obtain copies of those
documents as described below under the heading &#147;Where You Can Find More Information.&#148; </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Unless otherwise indicated or unless the
context requires otherwise, all references in this prospectus to the &#147;Company,&#148; &#147;Biogen,&#148; &#147;we,&#148; &#147;us&#148; and &#147;our&#148; refer to Biogen Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries. </P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">1 </P>

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<HR SIZE="3" style="COLOR:#999999" WIDTH="100%" ALIGN="CENTER">

<Center><DIV STYLE="width:8.5in" align="left">
 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B><A NAME="tx947116_2"></A>WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">We file annual, quarterly and current reports, proxy statements and other information with the SEC. The SEC maintains a website at
http://www.sec.gov that contains reports, proxy and information statements, and other information regarding issuers that file electronically with the SEC. Filings that we make with the SEC also can be found on our website at http://www.biogen.com.
The information contained on or accessible through our corporate website or any other website that we may maintain is not incorporated by reference herein and is not part of this prospectus or the registration statement of which this prospectus is a
part. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">The SEC&#146;s rules allow us to &#147;incorporate by reference&#148; the information we have filed with the SEC, which means that
we can disclose important information by referring you to those documents. The information incorporated by reference is a part of this prospectus, and information that we file later with the SEC that is incorporated by reference in this prospectus
will automatically update and supersede this information. We incorporate by reference into this prospectus the documents listed below and any future filings made by us with the SEC under Sections 13(a), 13(c), 14 and 15(d) of the Securities Exchange
Act of 1934, as amended (the &#147;Exchange Act&#148;) (excluding any information furnished pursuant to Item&nbsp;2.02 or Item&nbsp;7.01 on any Current Report <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">on&nbsp;Form&nbsp;8-K):</FONT> </P>
<P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="3%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">&#149;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="1%" VALIGN="top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="left" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">our Annual Report on <A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/../../../ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/875045/000087504525000009/biib-20241231.htm">Form
 <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">10-K</FONT></A> for the year ended December&nbsp;31, 2024, filed with the SEC on February&nbsp;12, 2025 (including the portions of our definitive proxy statement for the 2025 annual meeting of stockholders, filed
with the SEC on <A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/../../../ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/875045/000119312525097747/d916837ddef14a.htm">April 28, 2025</A>, specifically incorporated by reference into Part III thereof);
</P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="3%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">&#149;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="1%" VALIGN="top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="left" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">our Quarterly Report on <A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/../../../ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/875045/000087504525000018/biib-20250331.htm">Form
 <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">10-Q</FONT></A> for the quarter ended March&nbsp;31, 2025, filed with the SEC on May 1, 2025; and </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="3%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">&#149;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="1%" VALIGN="top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="left" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">our Current Report on Form <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">8-K,</FONT> filed with the SEC on <A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/../../../ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/875045/000119312525006578/d830064d8k.htm">January&nbsp;15,
 2025</A>. </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">You may obtain documents incorporated by reference into this prospectus at no cost by requesting them in
writing or telephoning us at the following address: </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">Biogen Inc. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">Attn: Investor Relations </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">225
Binney Street </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142 </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">(617) <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">464-2442</FONT> </P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">2 </P>

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<Center><DIV STYLE="width:8.5in" align="left">
 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B><A NAME="tx947116_3"></A>DISCLOSURE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Certain statements in or incorporated by reference in this prospectus and any prospectus supplement are &#147;forward-looking statements&#148;
within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements may be identified by words such as &#147;anticipates,&#148; &#147;believes,&#148; &#147;cause,&#148; &#147;continue,&#148; &#147;could,&#148;
&#147;depend,&#148; &#147;develop,&#148; &#147;estimates,&#148; &#147;expects,&#148; &#147;forecasts,&#148; &#147;goal,&#148; &#147;guidance,&#148; &#147;have,&#148; &#147;impact,&#148; &#147;implement,&#148; &#147;increase,&#148;
&#147;intends,&#148; &#147;lead,&#148; &#147;maintain,&#148; &#147;may,&#148; &#147;might,&#148; &#147;plans,&#148; &#147;potential,&#148; &#147;possible,&#148; &#147;projects,&#148; &#147;reduce,&#148; &#147;remain,&#148; &#147;result,&#148;
&#147;scheduled,&#148; &#147;seek,&#148; &#147;should,&#148; &#147;targets,&#148; &#147;will,&#148; &#147;would&#148; and other similar words or expressions, or the negative thereof. The absence of such words or expressions does not necessarily mean
the statements are not forward-looking. Examples of forward-looking statements include statements relating to our future financial condition and operating results, as well as any other statement that does not directly relate to any historical or
current fact. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Forward-looking statements are based on expectations and assumptions that we believe to be reasonable when made, but that
may not prove to be accurate. These statements are not guarantees and are subject to numerous assumptions, risks, uncertainties and changes in circumstances that are difficult to predict. Many factors could cause actual results to differ materially
and adversely from these forward-looking statements. Information concerning factors that could cause actual results to differ from those in our forward-looking statements is contained under &#147;Risk Factors&#148; in our annual report on <FONT
STYLE="white-space:nowrap">Form&nbsp;10-K&nbsp;for</FONT> the year ended December&nbsp;31, 2024, which is incorporated in this prospectus by reference (and in any of our annual reports on
<FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">Form&nbsp;10-K&nbsp;and</FONT> quarterly reports on <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">Form&nbsp;10-Q&nbsp;for</FONT> subsequent periods that are so incorporated). Any forward-looking statement speaks only as of the
date on which it is made, and we assume no obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statement whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as required by law. </P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">3 </P>

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<Center><DIV STYLE="width:8.5in" align="left">
 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B><A NAME="tx947116_4"></A>NOTE REGARDING TRADEMARKS </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">ADUHELM<SUP STYLE="font-size:75%; vertical-align:top">&reg;</SUP>, AVONEX<SUP STYLE="font-size:75%; vertical-align:top">&reg;</SUP>, BYOOVIZ<SUP
STYLE="font-size:75%; vertical-align:top">&reg;</SUP>, PLEGRIDY<SUP STYLE="font-size:75%; vertical-align:top">&reg;</SUP>, QALSODY<SUP STYLE="font-size:75%; vertical-align:top">&reg;</SUP>,
RITUXAN<SUP STYLE="font-size:75%; vertical-align:top">&reg;</SUP>, RITUXAN HYCELA<SUP STYLE="font-size:75%; vertical-align:top">&reg;</SUP>, SKYCLARYS<SUP STYLE="font-size:75%; vertical-align:top">&reg;</SUP>, SPINRAZA<SUP
STYLE="font-size:75%; vertical-align:top">&reg;</SUP>, TECFIDERA<SUP STYLE="font-size:75%; vertical-align:top">&reg;</SUP>, TYSABRI<SUP STYLE="font-size:75%; vertical-align:top">&reg;</SUP> and
VUMERITY<SUP STYLE="font-size:75%; vertical-align:top">&reg;</SUP> are registered trademarks of Biogen. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">BENEPALI<SUP
STYLE="font-size:75%; vertical-align:top">&#153;</SUP>, FLIXABI<SUP STYLE="font-size:75%; vertical-align:top">&#153;</SUP>, FUMADERM<SUP STYLE="font-size:75%; vertical-align:top">&#153;</SUP>,
IMRALDI<SUP STYLE="font-size:75%; vertical-align:top">&#153;</SUP> and OPUVIZ<SUP STYLE="font-size:75%; vertical-align:top">&#153;</SUP> are trademarks of Biogen. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">ACTEMRA<SUP STYLE="font-size:75%; vertical-align:top">&reg;</SUP>, COLUMVI<SUP STYLE="font-size:75%; vertical-align:top">&reg;</SUP>, ENBREL<SUP
STYLE="font-size:75%; vertical-align:top">&reg;</SUP>, EYLEA<SUP STYLE="font-size:75%; vertical-align:top">&reg;</SUP>, FAMPYRA<SUP STYLE="font-size:75%; vertical-align:top">&#153;</SUP>,
GAZYVA<SUP STYLE="font-size:75%; vertical-align:top">&reg;</SUP>, LEQEMBI<SUP STYLE="font-size:75%; vertical-align:top">&reg;</SUP>, HUMIRA<SUP STYLE="font-size:75%; vertical-align:top">&reg;</SUP>, LUCENTIS<SUP
STYLE="font-size:75%; vertical-align:top">&reg;</SUP>, LUNSUMIO<SUP STYLE="font-size:75%; vertical-align:top">&reg;</SUP>, OCREVUS<SUP STYLE="font-size:75%; vertical-align:top">&reg;</SUP>,
REMICADE<SUP STYLE="font-size:75%; vertical-align:top">&reg;</SUP>, ZURZUVAE<SUP STYLE="font-size:75%; vertical-align:top">&#153;</SUP> and other trademarks referenced in this prospectus are the property of their respective owners. </P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">4 </P>

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<Center><DIV STYLE="width:8.5in" align="left">
 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B><A NAME="tx947116_5"></A>THE COMPANY </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Biogen is a global biopharmaceutical company focused on discovering, developing and delivering innovative therapies for people living with
serious and complex diseases. We have a broad portfolio of medicines to treat multiple sclerosis, have introduced the first approved treatment for spinal muscular atrophy, <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">co-developed</FONT> treatments to address a
defining pathology of Alzheimer&#146;s disease and launched the first approved treatment to target a genetic cause of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. We market the first and only drug approved in the U.S. and the E.U. for the treatment of
Friedreich&#146;s ataxia in adults and adolescents aged 16 years and older. We are focused on advancing our pipeline in neurology, specialized immunology and rare diseases. We support our drug discovery and development efforts through internal
research and development programs, external collaborations and acquisitions. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Our marketed products include TECFIDERA, VUMERITY, AVONEX,
PLEGRIDY and TYSABRI for the treatment of multiple sclerosis; SPINRAZA for the treatment of spinal muscular atrophy; SKYCLARYS for the treatment of Friedreich&#146;s ataxia; QALSODY for the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; and FUMADERM
for the treatment of severe plaque psoriasis. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">We also have collaborations on the commercialization of LEQEMBI for the treatment of
Alzheimer&#146;s disease and on the commercialization of ZURZUVAE for the treatment of postpartum depression. We have certain business and financial rights with respect to RITUXAN for the treatment of
<FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">non-Hodgkin&#146;s</FONT> lymphoma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia and other conditions; RITUXAN HYCELA for the treatment of <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">non-Hodgkin&#146;s</FONT> lymphoma and chronic lymphocytic
leukemia; GAZYVA for the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia and follicular lymphoma; OCREVUS for the treatment of primary progressive multiple sclerosis and relapsing multiple sclerosis; LUNSUMIO for the treatment of relapsed or refractory
follicular lymphoma; COLUMVI, a bispecific antibody for the treatment of <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">non-Hodgkin&#146;s</FONT> lymphoma; and have the option to add other potential anti-CD20 therapies, pursuant to certain collaboration
arrangements. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">We commercialize a portfolio of biosimilars of advanced biologics including: BENEPALI, an etanercept biosimilar referencing
ENBREL; IMRALDI, an adalimumab biosimilar referencing HUMIRA; FLIXABI, an infliximab biosimilar referencing REMICADE; and BYOOVIZ, a ranibizumab biosimilar referencing LUCENTIS, in certain international markets. We also have commercialization rights
related to OPUVIZ, an aflibercept biosimilar referencing EYLEA. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Our principal executive offices are located at 225 Binney Street,
Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, and our telephone number <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">is&nbsp;(617)&nbsp;679-2000.</FONT> </P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">5 </P>

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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B><A NAME="tx947116_6"></A>RISK FACTORS </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Investing in our securities involves certain risks. For a discussion of the factors you should carefully consider before deciding to purchase
any of these securities, see &#147;Part II, Item 1A&#151;Risk Factors&#148; of our Quarterly Report on Form <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">10-Q</FONT> for the quarter ended March&nbsp;31, 2025 and &#147;Part I, Item 1A&#151;Risk Factors&#148; of
our Annual Report on Form <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">10-K</FONT> for the year ended December&nbsp;31, 2024, which are incorporated by reference in this prospectus, and any subsequent filings with the SEC, together with all of the other
information included in this prospectus and in the &#147;Risk Factors&#148; section of any applicable prospectus supplement or filing with the SEC and the other information that we have incorporated by reference. </P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">6 </P>

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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B><A NAME="tx947116_7"></A>USE OF PROCEEDS </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">We will retain broad discretion over the use of the net proceeds from the sale of the securities offered by us hereby. Unless otherwise
provided in any applicable prospectus supplement, pricing supplement or free writing prospectus, we will use the net proceeds from the sale of the securities for repaying debt, making capital investments, funding working capital requirements or
other general corporate purposes, including financing acquisitions and refinancing existing indebtedness. Until the net proceeds have been used for their intended purposes, they may be held in cash or cash equivalents or temporarily used or
invested. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:24pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B><A NAME="tx947116_8"></A>DESCRIPTION OF CAPITAL STOCK </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Set forth below is a summary of the material terms of our capital stock. This summary is not complete. It is subject to and qualified in its
entirety by reference to our Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, as amended (the &#147;Certificate of Incorporation&#148;), and our Fifth Amended and Restated Bylaws, as amended (the &#147;Bylaws&#148;), each of which is incorporated
by reference as an exhibit to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part. We encourage you to read our Certificate of Incorporation, our Bylaws and the applicable provisions of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware,
as the same exists or may be hereafter amended (the &#147;DGCL&#148;), for additional information. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:18pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>Authorized Capital Stock </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Our authorized capital stock consists of 1,000,000,000 shares of common stock, par value $0.0005 per share (&#147;Common Stock&#148;), and
8,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $0.001 per share (&#147;Preferred Stock&#148;). </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:18pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>Common Stock </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><I>Voting Rights </I></P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Holders of Common Stock are
entitled to one vote per share on all matters voted on by the stockholders, including the election of directors. Our Common Stock does not have cumulative voting rights. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:18pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><I>Dividend Rights </I></P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Subject to the rights of
holders of all classes of stock at the time outstanding having prior rights as to dividends, if any, the holders of Common Stock are entitled to receive dividends, if any, as may be declared from time to time by the Board of Directors in its
discretion out of funds legally available for the payment of dividends. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:18pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><I>Liquidation Rights </I></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Subject to any preferential rights of outstanding shares of Preferred Stock, if any, holders of Common Stock will share ratably in all assets
legally available for distribution to our stockholders in the event of liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Company. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:18pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><I>Other Rights and
Preferences </I></P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Our Common Stock has no sinking fund or redemption provisions or preemptive, conversion or exchange rights. Holders of our
Common Stock may act by unanimous written consent. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:18pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><I>Transfer Agent and Registrar </I></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">The transfer agent and registrar for our Common Stock is Computershare Trust Company, N.A. </P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">7 </P>

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<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">The Common Stock is traded on The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC under the trading symbol &#147;BIIB.&#148; </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:18pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>Preferred Stock </B></P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Our Board of Directors
may, without further action by the stockholders, issue Preferred Stock in one or more series and fix the rights and preferences thereof. Our Certificate of Incorporation grants the Board of Directors authority to issue Preferred Stock and to
determine its rights and preferences without the need for further stockholder approval. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Examples of rights and preferences the Board of
Directors may fix include dividend rates, conversion rights, voting rights, preemptive rights, terms of redemption (including sinking fund provisions), redemption prices, and liquidation preferences. The issuance of Preferred Stock, while providing
desirable flexibility in connection with possible financings, could have the effect of making it more difficult for a third party to acquire, or of discouraging a third party from acquiring, a majority of our outstanding voting stock. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">The terms of any particular series of Preferred Stock will be described in the prospectus supplement relating to the offering of shares of
that particular series of Preferred Stock and may include, among other things: </P> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="3%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">&#149;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="1%" VALIGN="top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="left" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">the title and stated value; </P></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="3%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">&#149;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="1%" VALIGN="top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="left" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">the number of shares authorized; </P></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="3%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">&#149;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="1%" VALIGN="top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="left" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">the liquidation preference per share; </P></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="3%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">&#149;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="1%" VALIGN="top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="left" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">the purchase price; </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="3%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">&#149;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="1%" VALIGN="top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="left" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">the dividend rate, period and payment date, and method of calculation (including whether cumulative or <FONT
STYLE="white-space:nowrap">non-cumulative),</FONT> if any; </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="3%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">&#149;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="1%" VALIGN="top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="left" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">terms and amount of any sinking fund, if applicable; </P></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="3%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">&#149;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="1%" VALIGN="top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="left" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">provisions for redemption or repurchase, if applicable, and any restrictions on the ability of the Company to
exercise such redemption or repurchase rights; </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="3%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">&#149;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="1%" VALIGN="top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="left" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">conversion rights and rates, if applicable, including the conversion price and how and when it will be calculated
and adjusted; </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="3%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">&#149;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="1%" VALIGN="top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="left" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">voting rights, if any; </P></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="3%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">&#149;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="1%" VALIGN="top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="left" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">preemptive rights, if any; </P></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="3%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">&#149;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="1%" VALIGN="top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="left" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">restrictions on sale, transfer, and assignment, if any; </P></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="3%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">&#149;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="1%" VALIGN="top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="left" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">the relative ranking and preferences of the Preferred Stock; and </P></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="3%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">&#149;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="1%" VALIGN="top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="left" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">any other specific terms, rights or limitations of, or restrictions on, such Preferred Stock.
</P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="margin-top:18pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>Anti-Takeover Effects of our Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws and Delaware Law </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Certain provisions of our Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws may be deemed to have an anti-takeover effect and may prevent, delay, or
defer a tender offer or takeover attempt that a stockholder may deem to be in his, her, or its best interest. The existence of these provisions also could limit the price that investors might be willing to pay for our securities. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><I>Authorized but Unissued Shares </I></P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">The
authorized but unissued shares of our Common Stock and Preferred Stock are available for future issuance without stockholder approval, subject to any limitations imposed by The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC.
</P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">8 </P>

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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">
These additional shares may be utilized for a variety of corporate purposes. In particular, our Board of Directors could issue shares of Preferred Stock that could, depending on the terms of the
series, impede the completion of a takeover effort. Our Board of Directors may determine that the issuance of such shares of Preferred Stock is in the best interest of the Company and our stockholders. Such issuance could discourage a potential
acquiror from making an unsolicited acquisition attempt through which such acquiror may be able to change the composition of the Board of Directors, including a tender offer or other transaction a majority of our stockholders might believe to be in
their best interest or in which stockholders might receive a substantial premium for their stock over the then-current market price. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><I>Advance Notice
Requirements for Stockholder Proposals and Director Nominations </I></P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Our Bylaws provide advance notice procedures for stockholders seeking
to bring business before our annual meeting of stockholders or to nominate candidates for election as directors at any meeting of stockholders. Our Bylaws also specify certain requirements regarding the form and content of a stockholder&#146;s
notice. These provisions may preclude our stockholders from bringing matters before our annual meeting of stockholders or from making nominations for directors at our meetings of stockholders. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:18pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><I>Proxy Access </I></P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Our Bylaws provide that
qualified stockholders can nominate candidates for election to the Board of Directors if such stockholders comply with the requirements contained in our Bylaws within the designated time periods. Under the proxy access provisions of our Bylaws, any
stockholder (or group of up to 20 stockholders) owning 3% or more of our Common Stock for at least three years may nominate a number of candidates for election to our Board of Directors up to 25% of the number of directors in office as of a date
specified in the Bylaws or, if such amount is not a whole number, the closest whole number below 25%, but not less than one, and require us to include such nominees in our annual meeting proxy statement if the stockholders and nominees satisfy the
requirements contained in our Bylaws. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:18pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><I>Stockholder Meetings </I></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Our Bylaws require that special meetings of stockholders be called only by our chair of the Board of Directors, by our chief executive officer,
by a resolution duly adopted by the affirmative vote of a majority of the Board of Directors, or by a stockholder or group of stockholders who have Net Long Beneficial Ownership (as defined in our Bylaws) of 25% or more of the outstanding shares of
Common Stock as of the date of submission of the request and who satisfy the requirements contained in our Bylaws. Further, business transacted at any special meeting of stockholders called by the requisite number of stockholders is limited to
matters relating to the purpose or purposes stated in the notice of meeting, except that the Company may submit additional matters. This limit on the ability of our stockholders to call a special meeting may lengthen the amount of time required to
take stockholder proposed actions. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:18pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><I>Section&nbsp;203 of the DGCL </I></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">We are subject to Section&nbsp;203 of the DGCL. This statute regulating corporate takeovers prohibits a Delaware corporation from engaging in
any business combination with an interested stockholder for three years following the date that the stockholder became an interested stockholder, unless:</P> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="3%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">&#149;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="1%" VALIGN="top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="left" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">prior to such person becoming an interested stockholder, the Board of Directors of the corporation approved
either the business combination or the transaction which resulted in the stockholder becoming an interested stockholder; </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="3%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">&#149;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="1%" VALIGN="top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="left" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">upon completion of the transaction that resulted in the interested stockholder becoming an interested
stockholder, the interested stockholder owned at least 85% of the voting stock of the corporation outstanding at the time the transaction commenced, excluding for purposes of determining the number
</P></TD></TR></TABLE>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">9 </P>

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<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="9%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
of shares outstanding (1)&nbsp;shares owned by persons who are directors and also officers, and (2)&nbsp;shares owned by employee stock plans in which employee participants do not have the right
to determine confidentially whether shares held subject to the plan will be tendered in a tender or exchange offer; or </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="3%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">&#149;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="1%" VALIGN="top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="left" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">the business combination is approved by the Board of Directors of the corporation and authorized at an annual or
special meeting of stockholders, and not by written consent, by the affirmative vote of at least 66 2/3% of the outstanding voting stock that is not owned by the interested stockholder. </P></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Generally, a business combination includes a merger, asset or stock sale, or other transaction resulting in a financial benefit to the
interested stockholder. An interested stockholder is any person who, together with such person&#146;s affiliates and associates, (1)&nbsp;owns 15% or more of a corporation&#146;s voting securities or (2)&nbsp;is an affiliate or associate of a
corporation and was the owner of 15% or more of the corporation&#146;s voting securities at any time within the three-year period immediately preceding a business combination governed by Section&nbsp;203. We expect the existence of this provision to
have an anti-takeover effect with respect to transactions our Board of Directors does not approve. </P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">10 </P>

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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B><A NAME="tx947116_9"></A>DESCRIPTION OF DEBT SECURITIES </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>General </B></P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">We will issue debt securities
under an indenture between us and U.S. Bank Trust Company, National Association (as successor in interest to U.S. Bank Trust Company, National Association), as trustee, dated as of September&nbsp;15, 2015, as amended. To the extent provided in any
applicable prospectus supplement, the debt securities may be convertible into, or exchangeable for, shares of any class or classes of our stock, or our other securities or property. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">We have summarized material provisions of the indenture and the debt securities below. This summary does not describe all exceptions and
qualifications contained in the indenture or the debt securities. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">The indenture does not limit the amount of debt securities that may be
issued, and each series of debt securities may differ as to its terms. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">A supplement to the indenture, board resolution or officers&#146;
certificate will designate the specific terms relating to any new series of debt securities. These terms will be described in a prospectus supplement and, in some cases, a pricing supplement, and will include the following: </P>
<P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="3%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">&#149;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="1%" VALIGN="top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="left" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">the title of the series; </P></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="3%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">&#149;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="1%" VALIGN="top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="left" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">any limit on the aggregate principal amount of the series; </P></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="3%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">&#149;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="1%" VALIGN="top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="left" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">the price or prices the series will be issued; </P></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="3%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">&#149;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="1%" VALIGN="top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="left" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">the maturity date or dates of the series; </P></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="3%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">&#149;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="1%" VALIGN="top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="left" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">the interest rate or interest rates and interest payment dates of the series; </P></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="3%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">&#149;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="1%" VALIGN="top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="left" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">any redemption dates, prices, obligations and restrictions of the series; </P></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="3%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">&#149;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="1%" VALIGN="top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="left" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">the dates, if any, on which and the price or prices at which the series will be repurchased by the Company at the
option of the holders thereof; </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="3%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">&#149;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="1%" VALIGN="top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="left" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">the minimum denomination of the series; </P></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="3%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">&#149;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="1%" VALIGN="top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="left" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">the currency of denomination of the series, which may be U.S. dollars or any foreign currency;
</P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="3%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">&#149;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="1%" VALIGN="top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="left" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">the designation of the currency, currencies or currency units in which payment of the principal of and interest
and premium, if any, on the series will be made and the method for determining any exchange rates with respect thereto; </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="3%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">&#149;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="1%" VALIGN="top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="left" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">any addition to, deletion of or change in the restrictive covenants that will apply to the series;
</P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="3%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">&#149;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="1%" VALIGN="top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="left" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">any addition to, deletion of or change in the events of default which applies to the series and any change in the
right of the trustee or the requisite holders of the series to declare the principal amount thereof due and payable pursuant to the indenture; </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="3%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">&#149;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="1%" VALIGN="top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="left" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">the terms and conditions, if any, for conversion of the series into or exchange of the series for shares of
common stock or preferred stock of the Company that apply to the series; </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="3%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">&#149;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="1%" VALIGN="top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="left" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">the terms and conditions, if any, upon which the series will be subordinated in right of payment to other
indebtedness of the Company; </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="3%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">&#149;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="1%" VALIGN="top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="left" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">if applicable, that the series, in whole or any specified part, shall be defeasible pursuant to the indenture;
and </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="3%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">&#149;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="1%" VALIGN="top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="left" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">any other material terms of the series. </P></TD></TR></TABLE>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">11 </P>

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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>Book-Entry Only Form </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">The debt securities normally will be issued in book-entry only form, which means that they will be represented by one or more permanent global
securities registered in the name of The Depository Trust Company, New York, New York (&#147;DTC&#148;), or its nominee. We will refer to this form as &#147;book-entry only.&#148; </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">In the event that debt securities are issued in book-entry only form, DTC will keep a computerized record of its participants (for example,
your broker) whose clients have purchased the securities. Each participant will then keep a record of its clients who purchased the securities. A global security may not be transferred, except that DTC, its nominees and their successors may transfer
an entire global security to one another. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">In the case of book-entry only debt securities, we will wire principal and interest payments to
DTC&#146;s nominee. We and the trustee will treat DTC&#146;s nominee as the owner of the global securities for all purposes. Accordingly, neither we nor the trustee will have any direct responsibility or liability to pay amounts due on the debt
securities to owners of beneficial interests in the global securities. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Under book-entry only form, we will not issue physical
certificates representing beneficial interests in the global securities to individual holders of the debt securities. Beneficial interests in global securities will be shown on, and transfers of global securities will be made only through, records
maintained by DTC and its participants. Debt securities represented by a global security will be exchangeable for debt securities in certificated form with the same terms in authorized denominations only if: </P>
<P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="3%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">&#149;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="1%" VALIGN="top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="left" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">DTC at any time is unwilling or unable to continue as depositary for such global security or ceases to be a
clearing agency registered under the Exchange Act and a successor depositary is not appointed by the Company within 90 days after the date the Company is so informed in writing or becomes aware of the same; </P></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="3%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">&#149;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="1%" VALIGN="top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="left" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">an event of default occurs with respect to such debt securities; or </P></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="3%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">&#149;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="1%" VALIGN="top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="left" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">the Company shall so elect. </P></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="margin-top:18pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>Certificated Form </B></P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Alternatively, we may
issue the debt securities in certificated form registered in the name of the debt security holder. Under these circumstances, holders may receive physical certificates representing the debt securities. We refer to this form as
&#147;certificated.&#148; </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:18pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>Redemption Provisions </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">The prospectus supplement relating to a series of debt securities will describe the circumstances, if any, under which we may redeem such
series of debt securities. If a series of debt securities is subject to a sinking fund, the prospectus supplement will describe those terms. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:18pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>Merger,
Consolidation or Sale of Assets </B></P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Unless otherwise specified in any prospectus supplement with respect to a series of debt securities,
the indenture provides that we may not merge or consolidate with or into, or sell, assign, transfer or lease or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of our properties and assets, to any person, unless at the time of and after giving effect
thereto: </P> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="3%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">&#149;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="1%" VALIGN="top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="left" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">either (A)&nbsp;if the transaction is a merger or consolidation, the Company shall be the surviving person of
such merger or consolidation, or (B)&nbsp;the person formed by such consolidation or into which the Company is merged or to which the properties and assets of the Company are transferred is a corporation organized and existing under the laws of the
United States of America, any state thereof or the District of Columbia and such person expressly assumes all of the obligations of the Company under the debt securities and the indenture; and </P></TD></TR></TABLE>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">12 </P>

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<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="3%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">&#149;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="1%" VALIGN="top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="left" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">immediately before and immediately after giving effect to such transaction or series of transactions on a pro
forma basis, no default or event of default shall have occurred and be continuing. See &#147;&#151;Events of Default.&#148; </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="margin-top:18pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>Events
of Default </B></P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Unless otherwise specified in any prospectus supplement with respect to a series of debt securities, the term &#147;event
of default&#148; means, for any series of debt securities, any of the following: </P> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="3%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">&#149;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="1%" VALIGN="top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="left" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">a failure to pay the principal of or any premium on such series on their due date whether at maturity, or upon
redemption, upon acceleration or otherwise; </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="3%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">&#149;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="1%" VALIGN="top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="left" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">a failure to pay interest on such series of debt securities within 30 days of their due date (unless the entire
amount of the payment is deposited by us with the trustee or with a paying agent for application to pay such interest prior to the expiration of the <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">30-day</FONT> period); </P></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="3%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">&#149;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="1%" VALIGN="top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="left" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">we remain in breach of a covenant in respect of such series of debt securities for 90 days after we receive a
written notice of default in accordance with the provisions of the indenture stating we are in breach and requiring that we remedy the breach; </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="3%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">&#149;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="1%" VALIGN="top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="left" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">certain events of bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization occur with respect to us or any significant subsidiary
of ours; or </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="3%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">&#149;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="1%" VALIGN="top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="left" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">any other event of default provided for in the supplement to the indenture, board resolution or officers&#146;
certificate designating the specific terms of such series of debt securities. </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">If an event of default (other than due to
certain events of bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization) has occurred and has not been cured, the trustee or the holders of at least 25% in aggregate principal amount of a series of debt securities may, by a notice in writing to us (and to the
trustee if given by the holders), declare the entire principal amount (and premium, if any) of, and all the accrued and unpaid interest on, such series to be due and immediately payable. This is called a declaration of acceleration of maturity. If
an event of default occurs because of certain events of bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization relating to us, the principal amount (and premium, if any) of, and all the accrued and unpaid interest on, all debt securities will be automatically
accelerated, without any action by the trustee or any holder. Holders of not less than a majority in aggregate principal amount of a series of debt securities may also waive certain past defaults under the indenture on behalf of all of the holders
of such series. A declaration of acceleration of maturity with respect to a series of debt securities may be canceled, under specific circumstances, by the holders of at least a majority in aggregate principal amount of such series. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">If any debt securities are outstanding under the indenture, the indenture requires us, within 120 days after the end of each fiscal year, to
furnish to the trustee a statement as to our compliance with the indenture. The trustee will generally give the holders of a series of debt securities notice within 90 days of the occurrence of a default or an event of default with respect to such
series known to the trustee. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Except in cases of default, where the trustee has some special duties, the trustee is not required to take
any action under the indenture at the request of any of the holders unless such holders offer the trustee indemnity and/or security satisfactory to it. If indemnity and/or security satisfactory to the trustee is provided, the holders of a majority
in aggregate principal amount of a series of debt securities may direct the time, method and place of conducting any lawsuit or other formal legal action seeking any remedy available to the trustee with respect to such series. The trustee may refuse
to follow those directions in certain circumstances. No delay or omission in exercising any right or remedy will be treated as a waiver of the right, remedy or event of default. </P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">13 </P>

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<Center><DIV STYLE="width:8.5in" align="left">
 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Before holders will be allowed to bypass the trustee and bring a lawsuit or other formal
legal action or take other steps to enforce their rights or protect their interests relating to a series of debt securities, the following must occur: </P> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="3%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">&#149;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="1%" VALIGN="top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="left" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">such holders must give the trustee written notice that an event of default with respect to such series has
occurred and remains uncured; </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="3%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">&#149;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="1%" VALIGN="top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="left" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">the holders of at least 25% in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of such series must
make a written request that the trustee take action because of the default and must offer the trustee indemnity and/or security satisfactory to it against the cost and other liabilities of taking that action; </P></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="3%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">&#149;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="1%" VALIGN="top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="left" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">the trustee must not have taken action for 60 days after receipt of the above request and offer of indemnity
and/or security; and </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="3%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">&#149;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="1%" VALIGN="top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="left" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of debt securities of such series must not have given the
trustee a direction inconsistent with the above request. </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">However, holders are entitled at any time to bring a lawsuit
for the payment of money due on a series of debt securities on or after the due date. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:18pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>Defeasance </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">The following provisions will apply to each series of debt securities unless otherwise specified in a prospectus supplement. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><I>Full Defeasance</I>. We can legally release ourselves from any payment or other obligations on a series of debt securities, called
&#147;full defeasance,&#148; if, among other requirements, we put in place the following other arrangements for holders of such series to be repaid: </P> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="3%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">&#149;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="1%" VALIGN="top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="left" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">we must deposit in trust for the benefit of all registered holders of such series, money, U.S. government or U.S.
government agency notes or bonds (or, in the case of debt securities denominated in a foreign currency, notes or bonds of the government that issued or caused to be issued such currency or notes or bonds of agencies of such government) or a
combination thereof that will generate enough cash to make interest, principal and any other payments on such series on the applicable due dates including, possibly, their earliest redemption date; and </P></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="3%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">&#149;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="1%" VALIGN="top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="left" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">we must deliver to the trustee a legal opinion confirming, on the basis of a ruling received from, or published
by, the Internal Revenue Service or a change in applicable U.S. federal tax law, that holders of such series will not recognize income, gain or loss for U.S. federal income tax purposes as a result of the full defeasance and that the holders of such
series will not be taxed on the debt securities of such series any differently than if the full defeasance had not occurred. </P></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">If we accomplish full defeasance with respect to a series of debt securities, as described above, holders of such series would have to rely
solely on the trust deposit for repayment on such debt securities. Holders of such debt securities could not look to us for repayment in the unlikely event of any shortfall. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><I>Covenant Defeasance</I>. We can be released from the restrictive covenants in a series of debt securities if, among other requirements, we
make the arrangements described below. This is called &#147;covenant defeasance.&#148; In that event, holders of the applicable series of debt securities would lose the protection of those restrictive covenants but would gain the protection of
having money and securities set aside in trust to repay such debt securities. In order to achieve covenant defeasance with respect to a series of debt securities, we must, among other requirements, do the following: </P>
<P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="3%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">&#149;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="1%" VALIGN="top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="left" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">we must deposit in trust for the benefit of all registered holders of such series, money, U.S. government or U.S.
government agency notes or bonds (or, in the case of debt securities denominated in a foreign </P></TD></TR></TABLE>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">14 </P>

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<Center><DIV STYLE="width:8.5in" align="left">

<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="9%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
currency, notes or bonds of the government that issued or caused to be issued such currency or notes or bonds of agencies of such government) or a combination thereof that will generate enough
cash to make interest, principal and any other payments on such series on the applicable due dates including, possibly, their earliest redemption date; and </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="3%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">&#149;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="1%" VALIGN="top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="left" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">we must deliver to the trustee a legal opinion confirming that under current U.S. federal income tax law holders
of such series of debt securities will not recognize income, gain or loss for U.S. federal income tax purposes as a result of the covenant defeasance and that holders of such debt securities will not be taxed on such series of debt securities any
differently than if the covenant defeasance had not occurred. </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">If we accomplish covenant defeasance with respect to a
series of debt securities, you can still look to us for repayment of such series if there were a shortfall in the trust deposit. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">In order
to exercise either full defeasance or covenant defeasance, we must comply with certain other conditions, and no event or condition can exist that would prevent us from making payments of principal, premium and interest, if any, on the applicable
series of debt securities on the date the irrevocable deposit is made or at any time during the period ending on the 91st day after the deposit date. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:18pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>Modification or Waiver </B></P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">The following
provisions will apply to each series of debt securities unless otherwise specified in a prospectus supplement. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">We generally may modify
and amend the indenture with respect to a series of debt securities with the written consent of the holders of at least a majority in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of such series. However, with respect to a series of
debt securities, we may not make any modification or amendment without the consent of each holder of such series if such action would: </P> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="3%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">&#149;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="1%" VALIGN="top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="left" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">change the stated maturity of, or the principal of or premium or interest on, such series; </P></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="3%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">&#149;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="1%" VALIGN="top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="left" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">reduce any amounts due on such series or payable upon acceleration of the maturity of such series following an
event of default; </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="3%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">&#149;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="1%" VALIGN="top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="left" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">adversely affect any right of repayment at such holder&#146;s option; </P></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="3%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">&#149;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="1%" VALIGN="top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="left" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">change the place (except as otherwise described in this prospectus) or currency of payment on such series;
</P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="3%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">&#149;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="1%" VALIGN="top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="left" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">modify such series to contractually subordinate such series in right of payment to other indebtedness;
</P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="3%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">&#149;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="1%" VALIGN="top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="left" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">reduce the percentage of holders of such series whose consent is needed to modify or amend the indenture with
respect to such series; </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="3%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">&#149;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="1%" VALIGN="top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="left" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">reduce the percentage of holders of such series whose consent is needed to waive compliance with certain
provisions of the indenture or to waive certain defaults with respect to such series; or </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="3%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">&#149;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="1%" VALIGN="top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="left" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">modify any other aspect of the provisions of the indenture relating to such series dealing with modification and
waiver except to increase the voting requirements. </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Except for certain specified provisions, the holders of at least a
majority in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of a series may, on behalf of the holders of all debt securities of such series, waive our compliance with certain provisions of the indenture with respect to such series. The
holders of not less than a majority in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of a series may, on behalf of the holders of all debt securities of such series, waive any past default under the indenture and its consequences
with respect to such series, except a default in the payment of the principal of or premium or interest on such series or in respect of a covenant or provision applicable to such series which cannot be modified or amended without the
</P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">15 </P>

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<HR SIZE="3" style="COLOR:#999999" WIDTH="100%" ALIGN="CENTER">

<Center><DIV STYLE="width:8.5in" align="left">
 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">
consent of the holders of all outstanding debt securities of such series; provided, however, that the holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of a
series may rescind an acceleration and its consequences, including any payment default that resulted solely from such acceleration with respect to such series. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Notwithstanding the foregoing, without the consent of any holder of debt securities, we may amend or supplement the indenture or the debt
securities to, among other reasons: </P> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="3%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">&#149;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="1%" VALIGN="top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="left" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">cure any ambiguity, defect or inconsistency, provided such amendment or supplement does not adversely affect the
rights of any holder of debt securities; </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="3%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">&#149;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="1%" VALIGN="top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="left" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">comply with the covenant described under &#147;&#151;Merger, Consolidation or Sale of Assets;&#148;
</P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="3%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">&#149;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="1%" VALIGN="top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="left" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">appoint a successor trustee with respect to the debt securities and to add to or change any of the provisions of
the indenture necessary to provide for the administration of the trusts in the indenture by more than one trustee; </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="3%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">&#149;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="1%" VALIGN="top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="left" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">comply with the requirements of the SEC in order to maintain the qualification of the indenture under the Trust
Indenture Act of 1939; </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="3%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">&#149;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="1%" VALIGN="top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="left" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">make any change that would not adversely affect the rights of any holder of debt securities;
</P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="3%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">&#149;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="1%" VALIGN="top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="left" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">conform the indenture or the debt securities to the description thereof set forth in this prospectus or in any
prospectus supplement with respect to such series of debt securities; </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="3%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">&#149;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="1%" VALIGN="top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="left" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">provide for certificated debt securities in addition to uncertificated debt securities; and
</P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="3%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">&#149;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="1%" VALIGN="top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="left" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">provide for the issuance of and establish the form and terms and conditions of debt securities of any series as
permitted by the indenture. </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="margin-top:18pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>Satisfaction and Discharge </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">The following provisions will apply to each series of debt securities unless otherwise specified in a prospectus supplement. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">The indenture will cease to be of further effect, and we will be deemed to have satisfied and discharged the indenture with respect to a
series of debt securities, when the following conditions have been satisfied: </P> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="3%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">&#149;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="1%" VALIGN="top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="left" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">all debt securities of such series not previously delivered to the trustee for cancellation have become due and
payable or will become due and payable at their stated maturity or on a redemption date within one year; </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="3%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">&#149;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="1%" VALIGN="top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="left" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">we deposit with the trustee, in trust, funds sufficient to pay the entire indebtedness on the debt securities of
such series that had not been previously delivered for cancellation for the principal and interest to the date of the deposit (for debt securities that have become due and payable) or to the stated maturity or the redemption date, as the case may be
(for debt securities that have not become due and payable); </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="3%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">&#149;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="1%" VALIGN="top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="left" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">we have paid or caused to be paid all other sums payable under the indenture with respect to such debt
securities; and </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="3%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">&#149;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="1%" VALIGN="top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="left" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">we have delivered to the trustee an officers&#146; certificate and opinion of counsel, each stating that we have
complied with all these conditions. </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">We will remain obligated to provide for registration of transfer and exchange and
to provide notices of redemption. </P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">16 </P>

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<Center><DIV STYLE="width:8.5in" align="left">
 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>SEC Reports </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">We will file with the trustee, within 15 days after we are required to file the same with the SEC, copies of the quarterly and annual reports
and of the information, documents and other reports (or copies of such portions of any of the foregoing as the SEC may prescribe) that we may be required to file with the SEC pursuant to Section&nbsp;13 or Section&nbsp;15(d) of the Exchange Act;
provided that availability of such reports on a website maintained by the SEC shall be deemed to fulfill this requirement. If we are not required to file information, documents or reports pursuant to either of those sections, then we will file with
the trustee and the SEC such reports as may be prescribed by the SEC at such time. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:18pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>The Trustee </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">The trustee will be U.S. Bank Trust Company, National Association. U.S. Bank Trust Company, National Association also will be the initial
paying agent and registrar. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">The indenture provides that, except during the continuance of an event of default under the indenture, the
trustee under the indenture will perform only such duties as are specifically set forth in the indenture. Under the indenture, the holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the debt securities of a series then outstanding will have the
right to direct the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding or exercising any remedy available to the trustee under the indenture with respect to such series, subject to certain exceptions. If an event of default has occurred and is
continuing, the trustee under the indenture will exercise such rights and powers vested in it under the indenture and is obligated to use the same degree of care and skill in its exercise as a prudent person would exercise under the same
circumstances in the conduct of such person&#146;s own affairs. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">The indenture and provisions of the Trust Indenture Act incorporated by
reference in the indenture contain limitations on the rights of the trustee under such indenture, should it become a creditor of our company, to obtain payment of claims in certain cases or to realize on certain property received by it in respect of
any such claims, as security or otherwise. The trustee under the indenture is permitted to engage in other transactions. However, if the trustee under the indenture acquires any prohibited conflicting interest, it must eliminate the conflict or
resign. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">The trustee may resign or be removed and a successor trustee may be appointed. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:18pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>Governing Law </B></P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">The indenture is, and the
debt securities will be, governed by, and construed in accordance with, the laws of the State of New York. </P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">17 </P>

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<Center><DIV STYLE="width:8.5in" align="left">
 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B><A NAME="tx947116_10"></A>DESCRIPTION OF WARRANTS </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">This description only summarizes the terms of warrants that we may offer under this prospectus, any prospectus supplement and related warrant
agreements and certificates. You should refer to the applicable prospectus supplement, warrant agreement, including the form of warrant certificate representing the warrants, relating to the specific warrants being offered for complete terms, which
would be provided at the time of such offering. Such warrant agreement, together with the warrant certificate, would be filed with the SEC in connection with the offering of the specific warrants. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">We may issue warrants for the purchase of Common Stock, Preferred Stock or debt securities. Warrants may be issued independently or together
with Common Stock, Preferred Stock or debt securities, and may be attached to or separate from any offered securities. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">We may evidence a
series of warrants by warrant certificates that we issue under a separate warrant agreement. We may enter into a warrant agreement with a warrant agent and, if so, we will indicate the name and address of the warrant agent in the applicable
prospectus supplement relating to the particular series of warrants. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">The particular terms of any series of warrants will be described in
the prospectus supplement relating to such series. Those terms may include:</P> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="3%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">&#149;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="1%" VALIGN="top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="left" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">the title of such warrants; </P></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="3%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">&#149;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="1%" VALIGN="top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="left" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">the aggregate number of such warrants; </P></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="3%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">&#149;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="1%" VALIGN="top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="left" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">the price or prices at which such warrants will be issued; </P></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="3%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">&#149;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="1%" VALIGN="top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="left" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">the currency or currencies (including composite currencies) in which the price of such warrants may be payable;
</P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="3%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">&#149;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="1%" VALIGN="top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="left" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">the terms of the securities issuable upon exercise of such warrants and the procedures and conditions relating to
the exercise of such warrants; </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="3%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">&#149;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="1%" VALIGN="top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="left" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">the price at which the securities issuable upon exercise of such warrants may be acquired; </P></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="3%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">&#149;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="1%" VALIGN="top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="left" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">the dates on which the right to exercise such warrants will commence and expire; </P></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="3%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">&#149;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="1%" VALIGN="top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="left" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">any provisions for adjustment of the number or amount of securities receivable upon exercise of the warrants or
the exercise price of the warrants; </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="3%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">&#149;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="1%" VALIGN="top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="left" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">the minimum or maximum amount of such warrants that may be exercised at any one time, if applicable;
</P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="3%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">&#149;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="1%" VALIGN="top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="left" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">the designation and terms of the securities with which such warrants are issued and the number of such warrants
issued with each such security or principal amount of such security, if applicable; </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="3%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">&#149;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="1%" VALIGN="top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="left" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">the date on and after which such warrants and the related securities will be separately transferable, if
applicable; </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="3%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">&#149;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="1%" VALIGN="top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="left" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">information with respect to book-entry procedures, if any; and </P></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="3%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">&#149;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="1%" VALIGN="top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="left" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">any other terms of such warrants, including terms, procedures and limitations relating to the exchange or
exercise of such warrants. </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Each warrant will entitle its holder to purchase the number of shares of Common Stock,
Preferred Stock debt securities or units at the exercise price set forth in, or calculable as set forth in, the applicable prospectus supplement. Unless we otherwise specify in the applicable prospectus supplement, holders of the warrants may
exercise the warrants at any time up to the expiration date set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement. After the close of business on the expiration date, unexercised warrants will become void. We will specify the
</P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">18 </P>

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place or places where, and the manner in which, warrants may be exercised in the applicable prospectus supplement. We will set forth on the reverse side of the applicable certificate and in the
applicable prospectus supplement the information that the holder of the warrant will be required to deliver upon exercise. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Prior to the
exercise of any warrants, holders of the warrants will not have any of the rights of holders of the securities purchasable upon exercise, including any right to vote or to receive any payments of dividends, if applicable. </P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">19 </P>

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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B><A NAME="tx947116_11"></A>DESCRIPTION OF DEPOSITARY SHARES </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">We may offer (either separately or together with other offered securities) depositary shares representing interests in shares of our preferred
stock of one or more series. The depositary shares will be issued under deposit agreements (each, a &#147;deposit agreement&#148;) to be entered into between us and a bank or trust company, as depositary (the &#147;preferred stock depositary&#148;),
identified in the prospectus supplement or free writing prospectus. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Because this section is a summary, it does not describe every aspect
of the depositary shares and deposit agreement. We urge you to read the deposit agreement because it, and not this description, defines your rights as a holder of depositary shares. The form of deposit agreement, including the form of depositary
receipts evidencing depositary shares (the &#147;depositary receipts&#148;), is incorporated by reference as an exhibit to this registration statement. See &#147;Where You Can Find More Information&#148; for information on how to obtain a copy of
the deposit agreement. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">The following is a general description of the terms and provisions of the depositary shares to which any
prospectus supplement or term sheet may relate. The specific terms of any depositary shares proposed to be sold under this prospectus will be described in the prospectus supplement or term sheet. If so indicated in the prospectus supplement or term
sheet, the terms of the depositary shares may differ from the terms set forth below. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:18pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>General </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">We may provide for the issuance by the preferred stock depositary to the public of the depositary receipts evidencing the depositary shares,
each of which will represent a fractional interest (to be specified in the prospectus supplement or term sheet) in one share of the related preferred stock, as described below. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">You should read the prospectus supplement or term sheet for the material terms of the depositary shares offered thereby, including the
following: </P> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="3%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">&#149;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="1%" VALIGN="top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="left" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">the number of depositary shares and the fraction of one share of preferred stock represented by one depositary
share; </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="3%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">&#149;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="1%" VALIGN="top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="left" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">the terms of the series of preferred stock deposited by us under the deposit agreement; </P></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="3%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">&#149;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="1%" VALIGN="top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="left" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">whether the depositary shares will be listed on any securities exchange; </P></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="3%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">&#149;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="1%" VALIGN="top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="left" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">whether the depositary shares will be sold with any other offered securities and, if so, the amount and terms of
these other securities; and </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="3%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">&#149;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="1%" VALIGN="top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="left" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">any other terms of the depositary shares. </P></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">If applicable, the prospectus supplement or term sheet will also contain a discussion of the United States federal income tax considerations
relevant to the offering. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Depositary receipts will be exchangeable for new depositary receipts of different denominations. We will not
impose a service charge for any permitted transfer or exchange of depositary receipts, but we may require payment of any tax or other governmental charge payable in connection therewith. Subject to the terms of the deposit agreement, each owner of a
depositary share will be entitled, in proportion to the applicable fractional interest in a share of preferred stock of the series represented by the depositary share, to all rights and preferences of the preferred stock represented by the
depositary share, including dividend, voting and liquidation rights and any redemption, conversion or exchange rights. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:18pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>Dividends and Other
Distributions </B></P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">The preferred stock depositary will distribute all cash dividends and other cash distributions received in respect of
the related series of preferred stock to the record holders of the depositary shares in proportion to the </P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">20 </P>

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number of the depositary shares owned by the holders on the relevant record date. The preferred stock depositary will distribute only the amount, however, as can be distributed without
attributing to any holder of depositary shares a fraction of one cent, and any balance not so distributed will be added to and treated as part of the next sum, if any, received by the preferred stock depositary for distribution to record holders of
depositary shares. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">In the event of a distribution other than in cash, the preferred stock depositary will distribute property received by
it to the record holders of depositary shares entitled thereto, unless the preferred stock depositary determines that it is not feasible to make the distribution, in which case the preferred stock depositary may, with our approval, sell the property
and distribute the net proceeds from the sale to the holders. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">The deposit agreement will also contain provisions relating to the manner
in which any subscription or similar rights offered by us to holders of the related series of preferred stock will be made available to holders of depositary shares. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:18pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>Withdrawal of Preferred Stock </B></P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Upon
surrender of depositary receipts at the corporate trust office of the preferred stock depositary (unless the related shares of preferred stock have previously been called for redemption), the holder of the depositary shares evidenced thereby will be
entitled to receive at that office, to or upon the holder&#146;s order, the number of whole shares of the related series of preferred stock and any money or other property represented by the depositary shares. Shares of preferred stock so withdrawn,
however, may not be redeposited. If the holder requests withdrawal of less than all the shares of preferred stock to which the holder is entitled, or if the holder would otherwise be entitled to a fractional share of preferred stock, the preferred
stock depositary will deliver to the holder a new depositary receipt evidencing the balance or fractional share. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:18pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>Redemption of Depositary Shares
</B></P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Whenever we redeem preferred stock held by the preferred stock depositary, the preferred stock depositary will redeem as of the same
redemption date the number of depositary shares representing the preferred stock so redeemed; provided that we have paid in full to the preferred stock depositary the redemption price of the preferred stock plus an amount equal to any accrued and
unpaid dividends thereon to the date fixed for redemption. The redemption price per depositary share will be equal to the applicable fraction of the redemption price per share and accrued and unpaid dividends payable with respect to the preferred
stock. If less than all the depositary shares are to be redeemed, the depositary shares to be redeemed will be selected by lot or pro rata or by another equitable method, in each case as may be determined by us. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">After the date fixed for redemption, the depositary shares so called for redemption will no longer be deemed to be outstanding and all rights
of the holders of the depositary shares will cease, except the right to receive the moneys payable upon the redemption and any money or other property to which the holders of the depositary shares were entitled upon the redemption and surrender to
the preferred stock depositary of the depositary receipts evidencing the depositary shares. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:18pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>Conversion and Exchange </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Depositary shares are not convertible into or exchangeable for other shares of our stock or other securities. Nevertheless, if the preferred
stock represented by depositary shares is convertible into or exchangeable for other shares of our stock or other securities, the depositary receipts evidencing the depositary shares may be surrendered by the holder thereof to the preferred stock
depositary with written instructions to convert or exchange the preferred stock into whole shares of our other stock or other securities, as specified in the related prospectus supplement or term sheet. Upon receipt of these instructions and any
amounts payable in respect thereof, we will cause the conversion or exchange thereof and will deliver to the holder whole shares of our other stock or the whole number of other securities (and cash in lieu of any fractional share or security). In
the case of a partial conversion or exchange, the holder will receive a new depositary receipt evidencing the unconverted or unexchanged balance. </P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">21 </P>

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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>Voting the Preferred Stock </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Upon receipt of notice of any meeting at which holders of one or more series of preferred stock are entitled to vote, the preferred stock
depositary will mail the information contained in the notice of meeting to the holders of the depositary shares relating to the preferred stock. Each record holder of the depositary shares on the record date for the meeting will be entitled to
instruct the preferred stock depositary as to the manner in which to vote the number of shares of preferred stock represented by the depositary shares. We will agree to take all reasonable action that may be deemed necessary by the preferred stock
depositary in order to enable the preferred stock depositary to vote in accordance with each holder&#146;s instructions. The preferred stock depositary will abstain from voting preferred stock to the extent it does not receive instructions from the
holders of depositary shares representing the preferred stock. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:18pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>Amendment and Termination of the Deposit Agreement </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">The form of depositary receipt evidencing the depositary shares and any provision of the deposit agreement may at any time be amended by
agreement between the preferred stock depositary and us. However, any amendment that materially and adversely alters the rights of the holders of depositary shares will not be effective unless the amendment has been approved by the holders of at
least a majority of the depositary shares then outstanding (or any greater amount as may be required by the rules of any exchange on which the depositary shares are listed); provided that any amendment that prejudices any substantial right of the
holders of depositary shares will not become effective until the expiration of 90 days after notice of the amendment has been given to the holders. A holder that continues to hold one or more depositary receipts at the expiration of the <FONT
STYLE="white-space:nowrap">90-day</FONT> period will be deemed to consent to, and will be bound by, the amendment. No amendment may impair the right of any holder to surrender the holder&#146;s depositary receipt and receive the related preferred
stock, as discussed above under &#147;Withdrawal of Preferred Stock.&#148; </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">We may terminate the deposit agreement at any time upon not
less than 60 days&#146; prior written notice to the preferred stock depositary. In that case, the preferred stock depositary will deliver to each holder of depositary shares, upon surrender of the related depositary receipts, the number of whole
shares of the related series of preferred stock to which the holder is entitled, together with cash in lieu of any fractional share. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">The
deposit agreement will terminate automatically after all the related preferred stock has been redeemed, withdrawn, converted or exchanged or there has been a final distribution in respect of the preferred stock represented by the depositary shares
in connection with our liquidation, dissolution or winding up. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:18pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>Charges of Preferred Stock Depositary </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Except as provided in the prospectus supplement or term sheet, we will pay the fees and expenses of the preferred stock depositary, and the
holders of depositary receipts will be required to pay any tax or other governmental charge that may be imposed in connection with the transfer, exercise, surrender or <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">split-up</FONT> of depositary receipts. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:18pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>Miscellaneous </B></P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">The preferred stock
depositary will forward to the holders of depositary shares all reports and communications from us that are delivered to the preferred stock depositary and that we are required to furnish to the holders of the preferred stock. Neither the preferred
stock depositary nor we will be liable if prevented or delayed by law or any circumstance beyond the preferred stock depositary&#146;s or our control in performing the preferred stock depositary&#146;s or our respective obligations under the deposit
agreement. The obligations of the preferred stock depositary and us under the deposit agreement will be limited to performance in good faith and without gross negligence of the preferred stock depositary&#146;s or our respective duties thereunder,
and neither the preferred stock depositary nor we will be obligated to prosecute or defend any legal proceeding in respect of any depositary shares or related shares of preferred stock unless satisfactory indemnity is furnished. </P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">22 </P>

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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>Resignation and Removal of Preferred Stock Depositary </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">The preferred stock depositary may resign at any time by delivering to us notice of its election to do so, and we may at any time remove the
preferred stock depositary, the resignation or removal to take effect upon the appointment of a successor preferred stock depositary. The successor preferred stock depositary must be appointed within 60 days after delivery of a notice of resignation
or removal and must be a bank or trust company having its principal office in the United States. </P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">23 </P>

</DIV></Center>


<p style="margin-top:1em; margin-bottom:0em; page-break-before:always"> </p>
<HR SIZE="3" style="COLOR:#999999" WIDTH="100%" ALIGN="CENTER">

<Center><DIV STYLE="width:8.5in" align="left">
 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B><A NAME="tx947116_12"></A>PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>General </B></P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">The securities may be sold: </P>
<P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="3%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">&#149;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="1%" VALIGN="top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="left" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">to or through underwriting syndicates represented by managing underwriters; </P></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="3%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">&#149;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="1%" VALIGN="top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="left" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">to or through one or more underwriters without a syndicate; </P></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="3%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">&#149;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="1%" VALIGN="top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="left" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">through dealers, who may act as agents or principal (including in a block trade in which a broker or dealer so
engaged will attempt to sell the shares as agent but may position and resell a portion of the block as principal to facilitate the transaction); </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="3%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">&#149;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="1%" VALIGN="top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="left" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">directly to one or more counterparties; </P></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="3%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">&#149;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="1%" VALIGN="top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="left" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">through agents; </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="3%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">&#149;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="1%" VALIGN="top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="left" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">through registered direct offerings; </P></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="3%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">&#149;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="1%" VALIGN="top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="left" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">as part of a collaboration with a third party; </P></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="3%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">&#149;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="1%" VALIGN="top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="left" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">as part of an acquisition or merger with a third party; </P></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="3%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">&#149;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="1%" VALIGN="top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="left" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">through <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap"><FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">at-the-market</FONT></FONT> issuances;
</P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="3%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">&#149;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="1%" VALIGN="top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="left" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">to investors directly in negotiated sales or in competitive bid transactions; or </P></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="3%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">&#149;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="1%" VALIGN="top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="left" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">in any combination of these methods of sale. </P></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">The prospectus supplement for each series of securities we sell will describe, to the extent required, information with respect to that
offering, including: </P> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="3%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">&#149;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="1%" VALIGN="top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="left" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">the name or names of any agents, dealers or underwriters and the respective amounts underwritten;
</P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="3%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">&#149;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="1%" VALIGN="top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="left" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">the terms of the securities being offered, including the purchase price and the proceeds to us from that sale;
</P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="3%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">&#149;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="1%" VALIGN="top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="left" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">any underwriting discounts and commissions or agency fees and other items constituting underwriters&#146; or
agents&#146; compensation; </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="3%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">&#149;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="1%" VALIGN="top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="left" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">any options under which underwriters may purchase additional securities from us; </P></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="3%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">&#149;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="1%" VALIGN="top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="left" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">any initial public offering price and any discounts or concessions allowed or reallowed or paid to dealers;
</P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="3%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">&#149;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="1%" VALIGN="top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="left" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">any securities exchanges on which the securities may be listed; and </P></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="5%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="3%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">&#149;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="1%" VALIGN="top">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P ALIGN="left" STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">any material relationships with the underwriters. </P></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="margin-top:18pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>Underwriters </B></P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">If underwriters are used in
the sale, we will execute an underwriting agreement with those underwriters relating to the securities that we will offer. Unless otherwise set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement, the obligations of the underwriters to purchase these
securities will be subject to conditions and the underwriters will be obligated to purchase all of these securities if any are purchased. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">The securities subject to an underwriting agreement will be acquired by the underwriters for their own account and may be resold by them from
time to time in one or more transactions, including negotiated transactions, at a fixed public offering price or at varying prices determined at the time of sale. Underwriters may be deemed to have received compensation from us in the form of
underwriting discounts or commissions and </P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">24 </P>

</DIV></Center>


<p style="margin-top:1em; margin-bottom:0em; page-break-before:always"> </p>
<HR SIZE="3" style="COLOR:#999999" WIDTH="100%" ALIGN="CENTER">

<Center><DIV STYLE="width:8.5in" align="left">
 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">
may also receive commissions from the purchasers of these securities for whom they may act as agent. Underwriters may sell these securities to or through dealers. These dealers may receive
compensation in the form of discounts, concessions or commissions from the underwriters and/or commissions from the purchasers for whom they may act as agent. Any initial public offering price and any discounts or concessions allowed or reallowed or
paid to dealers may be changed from time to time. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:18pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>Agents and Dealers </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">We may also sell any of the securities through agents designated by us from time to time. We will name any agent involved in the offer or sale
of these securities and will list commissions payable by us to these agents in the applicable prospectus supplement. These agents will be acting on a best efforts basis to solicit purchases for the period of their appointment, unless we state
otherwise in the applicable prospectus supplement. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">We may also sell securities to dealers acting as principals. If we sell our securities
to a dealer as a principal, then the dealer may resell those securities to the public at varying prices to be determined by such dealer at the time of resale. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:18pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>Direct Sales </B></P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">We may sell any of the
securities directly to purchasers. In this case, we will not engage underwriters, agents or dealers in the offer and sale of the applicable securities. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:18pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>Institutional Purchasers </B></P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Further, we may
authorize underwriters, agents or dealers to solicit offers by certain types of purchasers to purchase securities from us at the public offering price set forth in the prospectus supplement pursuant to delayed delivery contracts providing for
payment and delivery on a specified date in the future. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:18pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>Indemnification </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">We may indemnify underwriters, dealers or agents who participate in the distribution of securities against certain liabilities, including
liabilities under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and agree to contribute to payments which these underwriters, dealers or agents may be required to make. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:18pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>No Assurance of Liquidity </B></P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">The securities
registered hereby may be a new issue of securities with no established trading market. Any underwriters that purchase such securities from us may make a market in these securities. The underwriters will not be obligated, however, to make a market
and may discontinue market-making at any time without notice to holders of such securities. We cannot assure you that there will be liquidity in the trading market for any such securities. </P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">25 </P>

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<p style="margin-top:1em; margin-bottom:0em; page-break-before:always"> </p>
<HR SIZE="3" style="COLOR:#999999" WIDTH="100%" ALIGN="CENTER">

<Center><DIV STYLE="width:8.5in" align="left">
 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B><A NAME="tx947116_13"></A>LEGAL MATTERS </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Unless the applicable prospectus supplement indicates otherwise, the validity of the securities offered by this prospectus and any prospectus
supplement will be passed upon for us by Willkie Farr&nbsp;&amp; Gallagher LLP, Chicago, Illinois. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:24pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B><A NAME="tx947116_14"></A>EXPERTS
</B></P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">The financial statements and management&#146;s assessment of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting
(which is included in Management&#146;s Annual Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting) incorporated in this prospectus by reference to the Annual Report on Form <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">10-K</FONT> for the year ended
December&nbsp;31, 2024, have been so incorporated in reliance on the report of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, given on the authority of said firm as experts in auditing and accounting. </P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">26 </P>

</DIV></Center>


<p style="margin-top:1em; margin-bottom:0em; page-break-before:always"> </p>
<HR SIZE="3" style="COLOR:#999999" WIDTH="100%" ALIGN="CENTER">

<Center><DIV STYLE="width:8.5in" align="left">
 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>PART II </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED IN PROSPECTUS </B></P> <P STYLE="font-size:12pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="10%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left"><B>Item&#8201;14.</B></TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left"><B>Other Expenses of Issuance and Distribution </B></P></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">The following table sets forth all fees and expenses payable by the registrant in connection with the issuance and distribution of the
securities being registered hereby (other than underwriting discounts and commissions). All amounts are estimated. </P> <P STYLE="font-size:12pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" WIDTH="68%" BORDER="0" STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" ALIGN="center">


<TR>

<TD WIDTH="84%"></TD>

<TD VALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="9%"></TD>
<TD></TD>
<TD></TD>
<TD></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:8pt">
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom" COLSPAN="2" ALIGN="center" STYLE="border-bottom:1.00pt solid #000000"><B>Estimated<BR>Amounts</B></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD></TR>


<TR BGCOLOR="#cceeff" STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:1.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">SEC registration fee</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">(1)(2</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">)&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:1.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Trustee fees and expenses</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">(2</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">)&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR BGCOLOR="#cceeff" STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:1.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Printing and engraving expenses</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">(2</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">)&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:1.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Legal fees and expenses</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">(2</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">)&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR BGCOLOR="#cceeff" STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:1.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Accounting fees and expenses</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">(2</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">)&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:1.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Rating agency fees</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">(2</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">)&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR BGCOLOR="#cceeff" STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:1.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Miscellaneous</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">(2</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">)&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font-size:1px; ">
<TD VALIGN="bottom"></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; border-top:1.00px solid #000000">&nbsp;</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; border-top:1.00px solid #000000">&nbsp;</P></TD>
<TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Total</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">(2</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">)&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE> <DIV STYLE="line-height:8.0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:2pt;border-bottom:1px solid #000000;width:11%">&nbsp;</DIV>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="4%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">(1)</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left">Deferred in accordance with Rules 456(b) and 457(r) under the Securities Act. </P></TD></TR></TABLE>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="4%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">(2)</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left">These fees are calculated based on the amount of securities offered and the number of issuances and accordingly
cannot be estimated at this time. The aggregate amount of these expenses will be reflected in the applicable prospectus supplement. </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:18pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="10%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left"><B>Item&#8201;15.</B></TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left"><B>Indemnification of Directors and Officers </B></P></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Article X of the registrant&#146;s Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, as amended, provides for the elimination of personal
monetary liabilities of directors and officers of Biogen for any breach of their fiduciary duties to the full extent permitted by the General Corporation Law of Delaware (the &#147;DGCL&#148;). Section&nbsp;102(b)(7) of the DGCL enables a
corporation in its certificate of incorporation to eliminate or limit the personal liability of members of its Board of Directors or officers to the corporation or its shareholders for monetary damages for breach of fiduciary duty as a director or
officer, provided that the corporation shall not eliminate or limit the liability of: (i)&nbsp;a director or officer breaching his or her duty of loyalty to the corporation or its stockholders; (ii)&nbsp;a director or officer failing to act in good
faith, engaging in intentional misconduct or knowingly violating the law; (iii)&nbsp;a director paying an unlawful dividend or approving an unlawful stock purchase or redemption; (iv)&nbsp;a director or officer obtaining an improper personal
benefit; or (v)&nbsp;an officer in any action by or in the right of the corporation. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;145 of the DGCL provides that a
corporation may indemnify directors and officers as well as other employees and agents against expenses (including attorneys&#146; fees), judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred in connection with specified
actions, suits or proceedings, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative (other than an action by or in the right of the corporation - a &#147;derivative action&#148;), if they acted in good faith and in a manner they reasonably
believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the corporation and, with respect to any criminal action or proceeding, had no reasonable cause to believe their conduct was unlawful. A similar standard is applicable in the case of
derivative actions, except that indemnification only extends to expenses (including attorneys&#146; fees) actually and reasonably incurred in connection with the defense or settlement of such action, and the statute requires court approval before
there can be any indemnification where the person seeking indemnification has been found liable to the corporation. Indemnification provided pursuant to Section&nbsp;145 of the DGCL is not exclusive of any other rights to which those seeking
indemnification may be entitled to under any bylaw, agreement, disinterested director vote, stockholder vote or otherwise. </P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">II-1 </P>

</DIV></Center>


<p style="margin-top:1em; margin-bottom:0em; page-break-before:always"> </p>
<HR SIZE="3" style="COLOR:#999999" WIDTH="100%" ALIGN="CENTER">

<Center><DIV STYLE="width:8.5in" align="left">
 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">The registrant&#146;s Fifth Amended and Restated Bylaws provide that the registrant shall
provide, to the fullest extent authorized by the DGCL, indemnification against all expense, liability and loss (including attorneys&#146; fees, judgments, fines, ERISA excise taxes or penalties, and amounts paid or to be paid in settlement)
reasonably incurred or suffered by its directors, officers, or any other person who is or was serving at the request of the registrant (or any predecessor) as a director, officer, employee, fiduciary, representative, partner or agent of another
related entity and shall advance expenses to such persons, in respect of any action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative, by reason of the fact that he or she is or was serving in such capacity. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">In addition, the registrant maintains directors&#146; and officers&#146; liability insurance which insures against certain liabilities that
directors or officers of the registrant may incur in such capacities. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">The registrant also has in place agreements with certain of its
officers and directors which affirm the registrant&#146;s obligation to indemnify them to the fullest extent permitted by law and contain various procedural and other provisions which expand the protection afforded by the registrant&#146;s Bylaws.
</P> <P STYLE="font-size:18pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="10%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left"><B>Item&#8201;16.</B></TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left"><B>Exhibits </B></P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:12pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" WIDTH="100%" BORDER="0" STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" ALIGN="center">


<TR>

<TD></TD>

<TD VALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="7%"></TD>
<TD WIDTH="88%"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:8pt">
<TD VALIGN="bottom" NOWRAP ALIGN="center" STYLE="border-bottom:1.00pt solid #000000"><B>Exhibit&nbsp;No.</B></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="center" STYLE="border-bottom:1.00pt solid #000000"> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:1pt; font-size:8pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>Description</B></P></TD></TR>


<TR STYLE="font-size:1pt">
<TD HEIGHT="8"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="8" COLSPAN="2"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top" NOWRAP>&#8199;&#8199;1.1</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="top">Form of Underwriting Agreement*</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font-size:1pt">
<TD HEIGHT="8"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="8" COLSPAN="2"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top" NOWRAP>&#8199;&#8199;3.1</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="top"><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/875045/000119312512312222/d362642dex31.htm">Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, as amended (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to our Quarterly Report on Form <FONT
STYLE="white-space:nowrap">10-Q</FONT> for the quarter ended June<U></U>&nbsp;30, 2012) </A></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font-size:1pt">
<TD HEIGHT="8"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="8" COLSPAN="2"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top" NOWRAP>&#8199;&#8199;3.2</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="top"><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/875045/000087504515000008/biib-2015x327xexhibit31.htm">Certificate of Amendment to the Certificate of Incorporation (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to our Current Report on Form
 <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">8-K</FONT> filed on March<U></U>&nbsp;27, 2015) </A></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font-size:1pt">
<TD HEIGHT="8"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="8" COLSPAN="2"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top" NOWRAP>&#8199;&#8199;3.3</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="top"><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/0000875045/000087504521000032/formxex31xcertificateofame.htm">Certificate of Amendment of Biogen Inc.&#146;s Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, as amended (incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 3.1 to our Current Report on Form <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">8-K</FONT> filed on June 8, 2021) </A></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font-size:1pt">
<TD HEIGHT="8"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="8" COLSPAN="2"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top" NOWRAP>&#8199;&#8199;3.4</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="top"><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/875045/000119312524167938/d840763dex31.htm">Certificate of Amendment of Biogen Inc.&#146;s Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, as amended (incorporated by reference to Exhibit
 3.1 to our Current Report on Form <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">8-K</FONT> filed on June<U></U>&nbsp;25, 2024) </A></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font-size:1pt">
<TD HEIGHT="8"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="8" COLSPAN="2"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top" NOWRAP>&#8199;&#8199;3.5</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="top"><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/875045/000119312523293433/d850833dex31.htm">Fifth Amended and Restated Bylaws of Biogen Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to our Current Report on Form <FONT
STYLE="white-space:nowrap">8-K</FONT> filed on December<U></U>&nbsp;12, 2023) </A></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font-size:1pt">
<TD HEIGHT="8"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="8" COLSPAN="2"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top" NOWRAP>&#8199;&#8199;4.1</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="top"><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/875045/000119312515320650/d78596dex41.htm">Indenture between Biogen Inc. and U.S. Bank National Association, dated as of September<U></U>&nbsp;
15, 2015 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to our Current Report on Form <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">8-K</FONT> filed on September<U></U>&nbsp;16, 2015) </A></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font-size:1pt">
<TD HEIGHT="8"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="8" COLSPAN="2"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top" NOWRAP>&#8199;&#8199;4.2</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="top"><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/875045/000119312515320650/d78596dex42.htm">First Supplemental Indenture between Biogen Inc. and U.S. Bank National Association, dated September<U></U>&nbsp;
15, 2015 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to our Current Report on Form <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">8-K</FONT> filed on September<U></U>&nbsp;16, 2015) </A></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font-size:1pt">
<TD HEIGHT="8"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="8" COLSPAN="2"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top" NOWRAP>&#8199;&#8199;4.3</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="top"><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/0000875045/000119312520128818/d857739dex42.htm">Second Supplemental Indenture, dated April<U></U>&nbsp;
30, 2020, between Biogen Inc. and U.S. Bank National Association (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to our Current Report on Form <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">8-K</FONT> filed on April<U></U>&nbsp;30, 2020) </A></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font-size:1pt">
<TD HEIGHT="8"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="8" COLSPAN="2"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top" NOWRAP>&#8199;&#8199;4.4</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="top"><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/875045/000119312521044891/d124092dex42.htm">Third Supplemental Indenture, dated February<U></U>&nbsp;
16, 2021, between Biogen Inc. and U.S. Bank National Association (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to our Current Report on Form <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">8-K</FONT> filed on February<U></U>&nbsp;16, 2021) </A></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font-size:1pt">
<TD HEIGHT="8"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="8" COLSPAN="2"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top" NOWRAP>&#8199;&#8199;4.5</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="top">Form of Certificate of Designation of Powers, Preferences and Rights of Preferred Stock*</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font-size:1pt">
<TD HEIGHT="8"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="8" COLSPAN="2"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top" NOWRAP>&#8199;&#8199;4.6</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="top">Form of Preferred Stock Certificate*</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font-size:1pt">
<TD HEIGHT="8"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="8" COLSPAN="2"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top" NOWRAP>&#8199;&#8199;4.7</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="top">Form of Warrant Agreement, including Form of Warrant Certificate*</TD></TR></TABLE>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">II-2 </P>

</DIV></Center>


<p style="margin-top:1em; margin-bottom:0em; page-break-before:always"> </p>
<HR SIZE="3" style="COLOR:#999999" WIDTH="100%" ALIGN="CENTER">

<Center><DIV STYLE="width:8.5in" align="left">

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" WIDTH="100%" BORDER="0" STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" ALIGN="center">


<TR>

<TD></TD>

<TD VALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="7%"></TD>
<TD WIDTH="88%"></TD></TR>

<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:8pt">
<TD VALIGN="bottom" NOWRAP ALIGN="center" STYLE="border-bottom:1.00pt solid #000000"><B>Exhibit&nbsp;No.</B></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="center" STYLE="border-bottom:1.00pt solid #000000"> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:1pt; font-size:8pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>Description</B></P></TD></TR>


<TR STYLE="font-size:1pt">
<TD HEIGHT="8"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="8" COLSPAN="2"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top" NOWRAP>&#8199;&#8199;4.8</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="top">Form of Depository Agreement, including Form of Depositary Receipt*</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font-size:1pt">
<TD HEIGHT="8"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="8" COLSPAN="2"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top" NOWRAP>&#8199;&#8199;5.1</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="top"><A HREF="d947116dex51.htm">Opinion of Willkie Farr&nbsp;&amp; Gallagher LLP** </A></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font-size:1pt">
<TD HEIGHT="8"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="8" COLSPAN="2"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top" NOWRAP>&#8199;23.1</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="top"><A HREF="d947116dex231.htm">Consent of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP** </A></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font-size:1pt">
<TD HEIGHT="8"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="8" COLSPAN="2"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top" NOWRAP>&#8199;23.2</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="top"><A HREF="d947116dex51.htm">Consent of Willkie Farr&nbsp;&amp; Gallagher LLP (included in Exhibit 5.1)** </A></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font-size:1pt">
<TD HEIGHT="8"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="8" COLSPAN="2"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top" NOWRAP>&#8199;24.1</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="top"><A HREF="d947116ds3asr.htm#sig">Powers of Attorney of Biogen Inc. (included on signature pages to this Registration Statement)** </A></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font-size:1pt">
<TD HEIGHT="8"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="8" COLSPAN="2"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top" NOWRAP>&#8199;25.1</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="top"><A HREF="d947116dex251.htm">Form <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">T-1</FONT> Statement of Eligibility of Trustee under the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended, of U.S. Bank Trust Company, National Association (as <FONT
STYLE="white-space:nowrap"><FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">successor-in-interest</FONT></FONT> to U.S. Bank National Association), as trustee** </A></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font-size:1pt">
<TD HEIGHT="8"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="8" COLSPAN="2"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top" NOWRAP>107</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="top"><A HREF="d947116dexfilingfees.htm">Filing Fee Table** </A></TD></TR>
</TABLE> <DIV STYLE="line-height:8.0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:2pt;border-bottom:1px solid #000000;width:11%">&nbsp;</DIV>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="4%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">*</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left">To the extent applicable, to be filed as an exhibit to a Current Report on Form
<FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">8-K</FONT> and incorporated by reference or by post-effective amendment. </P></TD></TR></TABLE>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="4%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">**</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left">Filed herewith. </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:18pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
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<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="10%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left"><B>Item&#8201;17.</B></TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left"><B>Undertakings </B></P></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes: </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">1.
To file, during any period in which offers or sales are being made, a post-effective amendment to this registration statement: </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(i) To
include any prospectus required by Section&nbsp;10(a)(3) of the Securities Act of 1933; </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(ii) To reflect in the prospectus any facts or
events arising after the effective date of the registration statement (or the most recent post-effective amendment thereof) which, individually or in the aggregate, represent a fundamental change in the information set forth in the registration
statement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, any increase or decrease in volume of securities offered (if the total dollar value of securities offered would not exceed that which was registered) and any deviation from the low or high end of the
estimated maximum offering range may be reflected in the form of prospectus filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule&nbsp;424(b) if, in the aggregate, the changes in volume and price represent no more than a 20% change in the maximum aggregate
offering price set forth in the &#147;Calculation of Registration Fee&#148; table in the effective registration statement; </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(iii) To
include any material information with respect to the plan of distribution not previously disclosed in the registration statement or any material change to such information in the registration statement; </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><I>provided, however</I>, that paragraphs&nbsp;(1)(i), (1)(ii) and (1)(iii) above do not apply if the information required to be included in a
post-effective amendment by those paragraphs is contained in reports filed with or furnished to the Commission by the registrant pursuant to Section&nbsp;13 or Section&nbsp;15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 that are incorporated by
reference in the registration statement, or is contained in a form of prospectus filed pursuant to Rule&nbsp;424(b) that is part of the registration statement. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">2. That, for the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, each such post-effective amendment shall be deemed to
be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial <I>bona fide</I> offering thereof. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">3. To remove from registration by means of a post-effective amendment any of the securities being registered which remain unsold at the
termination of the offering. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">4. That, for the purpose of determining liability under the Securities Act of 1933 to any purchaser: </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(i) Each prospectus filed by the registrant pursuant to Rule&nbsp;424(b)(3) shall be deemed to be part of the registration statement as of the
date the filed prospectus was deemed part of and included in the registration statement; and </P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">II-3 </P>

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<Center><DIV STYLE="width:8.5in" align="left">
 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(ii) Each prospectus required to be filed pursuant to Rule&nbsp;424(b)(2), (b)(5) or (b)(7)
as part of a registration statement in reliance on Rule&nbsp;430B relating to an offering made pursuant to Rule&nbsp;415(a)(1)(i), (vii)&nbsp;or (x)&nbsp;for the purpose of providing the information required by Section&nbsp;10(a) of the Securities
Act of 1933 shall be deemed to be part of and included in the registration statement as of the earlier of the date such form of prospectus is first used after effectiveness or the date of the first contract of sale of securities in the offering
described in the prospectus. As provided in Rule&nbsp;430B, for liability purposes of the issuer and any person that is at that date an underwriter, such date shall be deemed to be a new effective date of the registration statement relating to the
securities in the registration statement to which that prospectus relates, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial <I>bona fide</I> offering thereof. <I>Provided, however</I>, that no statement made in a
registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement or made in a document incorporated or deemed incorporated by reference into the registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement will, as
to a purchaser with a time of contract of sale prior to such effective date, supersede or modify any statement that was made in the registration statement or prospectus that was part of the registration statement or made in any such document
immediately prior to such effective date. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">5. That, for the purpose of determining liability of the registrant under the Securities Act of
1933 to any purchaser in the initial distribution of the securities, the undersigned registrant undertakes that in a primary offering of securities of the undersigned registrant pursuant to this registration statement, regardless of the underwriting
method used to sell the securities to the purchaser, if the securities are offered or sold to such purchaser by means of any of the following communications, the undersigned registrant will be a seller to the purchaser and will be considered to
offer or sell such securities to such purchaser: </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(i) Any preliminary prospectus or prospectus of the undersigned registrant relating to
the offering required to be filed pursuant to Rule&nbsp;424; </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(ii) Any free writing prospectus relating to the offering prepared by or on
behalf of the undersigned registrant or used or referred to by the undersigned registrant; </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(iii) The portion of any other free writing
prospectus relating to the offering containing material information about the undersigned registrant or its securities provided by or on behalf of the undersigned registrant; and </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(iv) Any other communication that is an offer in the offering made by the undersigned registrant to the purchaser. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">6. That, for the purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, each filing of the registrant&#146;s annual report
pursuant to Section&nbsp;13(a) or Section&nbsp;15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (and, where applicable, each filing of an employee benefit plan&#146;s annual report pursuant to Section&nbsp;15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934)
that is incorporated by reference in the registration statement shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial <I>bona
fide</I> offering thereof. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">7. Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act of 1933 may be permitted to
directors, officers and controlling persons of the registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, the registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification is against public
policy as expressed in the Securities Act of 1933 and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer
or controlling person of the registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the registrant will, unless in the
opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act of 1933 and will
be governed by the final adjudication of such issue. </P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">II-4 </P>

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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B><A NAME="sig"></A>SIGNATURES AND POWER OF ATTORNEY </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act, the registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of
the requirements for filing on Form <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">S-3</FONT> and has duly caused this registration statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Cambridge, Commonwealth of
Massachusetts, on May 1, 2025. </P> <P STYLE="font-size:12pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P><DIV ALIGN="right">
<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" WIDTH="40%" BORDER="0" STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">


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<TD WIDTH="12%"></TD>

<TD VALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1%"></TD>
<TD WIDTH="87%"></TD></TR>


<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top" COLSPAN="3">BIOGEN INC.</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font-size:1pt">
<TD HEIGHT="16"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="16" COLSPAN="2"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top">By:</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom" STYLE=" BORDER-BOTTOM:1px solid #000000">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="top" STYLE="BORDER-BOTTOM:1px solid #000000"> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">/s/ CHRISTOPHER A. VIEHBACHER</P>
<P STYLE="font-size:2pt; margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:1pt">&nbsp;</P></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="bottom">Name:</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">Christopher A. Viehbacher</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="bottom">Title:</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">Chief Executive Officer</TD></TR>
</TABLE></DIV> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act, this registration statement has been signed by the
following persons in the capacities indicated on May 1, 2025. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Further, we, the undersigned officers and directors of the registrant
hereby severally constitute and appoint Christopher A. Viehbacher, Robin C. Kramer, and Susan H. Alexander and each of them singly, our true and lawful attorneys with full power to them, and each of them singly, to sign for us and in our names in
the capacities as indicated, any and all amendments or supplements to this registration statement on Form <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">S-3</FONT> of the registrant, including post-effective amendments to the Registration Statement, and generally
to do all such things in connection therewith in our name and on our behalf in our capacities as indicated to enable the registrant to comply with the provisions of the Securities Act and all requirements of the SEC, hereby ratifying and confirming
our signatures as they may be signed by our said attorneys or any of them, to any and all amendments. </P> <P STYLE="font-size:12pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
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<TD VALIGN="bottom" NOWRAP> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; border-bottom:1.00pt solid #000000; display:table-cell; font-size:8pt; font-family:Times New Roman; "><B>Name</B></P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom" NOWRAP> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; border-bottom:1.00pt solid #000000; display:table-cell; font-size:8pt; font-family:Times New Roman; "><B>Capacity</B></P></TD></TR>


<TR STYLE="font-size:1pt">
<TD HEIGHT="16"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="16" COLSPAN="2"></TD></TR>
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<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; border-bottom:1px solid #000000; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">/s/ C<SMALL>HRISTOPHER</SMALL> A. V<SMALL>IEHBACHER</SMALL></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:1pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Christopher A. Viehbacher</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Director and Chief Executive Officer</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:1pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(Principal
Executive Officer)</P></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font-size:1pt">
<TD HEIGHT="16"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="16" COLSPAN="2"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; border-bottom:1px solid #000000; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">/s/ R<SMALL>OBIN</SMALL> C. K<SMALL>RAMER</SMALL></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:1pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Robin C. Kramer</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer</P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:1pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(Principal Financial Officer)</P></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font-size:1pt">
<TD HEIGHT="16"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="16" COLSPAN="2"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; border-bottom:1px solid #000000; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">/s/ S<SMALL>EAN</SMALL> G<SMALL>ODBOUT</SMALL></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:1pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Sean Godbout</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Vice President, Chief Accounting Officer and Global Corporate Controller</P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:1pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(Principal Accounting Officer)</P></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font-size:1pt">
<TD HEIGHT="16"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="16" COLSPAN="2"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; border-bottom:1px solid #000000; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">/s/ C<SMALL>AROLINE</SMALL> D. D<SMALL>ORSA</SMALL></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:1pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Caroline D. Dorsa</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="top">Director and Chair of the Board of Directors</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font-size:1pt">
<TD HEIGHT="16"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="16" COLSPAN="2"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; border-bottom:1px solid #000000; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">/s/ M<SMALL>ARIA</SMALL> C. F<SMALL>REIRE</SMALL></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:1pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Maria C. Freire</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="top">Director</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font-size:1pt">
<TD HEIGHT="16"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="16" COLSPAN="2"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; border-bottom:1px solid #000000; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">/s/ W<SMALL>ILLIAM</SMALL> A. H<SMALL>AWKINS</SMALL></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:1pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">William A. Hawkins</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="top">Director</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font-size:1pt">
<TD HEIGHT="16"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="16" COLSPAN="2"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; border-bottom:1px solid #000000; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">/s/ S<SMALL>USAN</SMALL> L<SMALL>ANGER</SMALL></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:1pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Susan Langer</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="top">Director</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font-size:1pt">
<TD HEIGHT="16"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="16" COLSPAN="2"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; border-bottom:1px solid #000000; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">/s/ J<SMALL>ESUS</SMALL> B. M<SMALL>ANTAS</SMALL></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:1pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Jesus B. Mantas</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="top">Director</TD></TR></TABLE>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">II-5 </P>

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<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom" NOWRAP> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; border-bottom:1.00pt solid #000000; display:table-cell; font-size:8pt; font-family:Times New Roman; "><B>Capacity</B></P></TD></TR>


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<TD HEIGHT="16" COLSPAN="2"></TD></TR>
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<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt; margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; border-bottom:1px solid #000000; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">/s/ L<SMALL>LOYD</SMALL> B.
M<SMALL>INOR</SMALL></P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:1pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Lloyd B. Minor</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt; margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:1pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Director</P></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font-size:1pt">
<TD HEIGHT="16"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="16" COLSPAN="2"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; border-bottom:1px solid #000000; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">/s/ S<SMALL>IR</SMALL> M<SMALL>ENELAS</SMALL> P<SMALL>ANGALOS</SMALL></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:1pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Sir. Menelas Pangalos</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="top">Director</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font-size:1pt">
<TD HEIGHT="16"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="16" COLSPAN="2"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; border-bottom:1px solid #000000; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">/s/ M<SMALL>ONISH</SMALL> P<SMALL>ATOLAWALA</SMALL></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:1pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Monish Patolawala</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="top">Director</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font-size:1pt">
<TD HEIGHT="16"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="16" COLSPAN="2"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; border-bottom:1px solid #000000; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">/s/ E<SMALL>RIC</SMALL> K. R<SMALL>OWINSKY</SMALL></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:1pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Eric K. Rowinsky</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="top">Director</TD></TR>
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<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; border-bottom:1px solid #000000; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">/s/ S<SMALL>TEPHEN</SMALL> A. S<SMALL>HERWIN</SMALL></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:1pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Stephen A. Sherwin</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="top">Director</TD></TR>
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<TYPE>EX-5.1
<SEQUENCE>2
<FILENAME>d947116dex51.htm
<DESCRIPTION>EX-5.1
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<Center><DIV STYLE="width:8.5in" align="left">
 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="right"><B>Exhibit 5.1 </B></P> <P STYLE="font-size:12pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
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<IMG SRC="g947116g0418035223279.jpg" ALT="LOGO">
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<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">300 North LaSalle</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Chicago, IL 60654-3406</P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Tel: 312 728 9000</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:1pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Fax: 312 728 9199</P></TD></TR>
</TABLE> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:53%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">May 1, 2025 </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Biogen Inc. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">225 Binney Street </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142 </P> <P STYLE="font-size:12pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
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<TD WIDTH="4%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="5%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">R<SMALL>E</SMALL>:</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left"><U>R<SMALL>EGISTRATION</SMALL> S<SMALL>TATEMENT</SMALL> <SMALL>ON</SMALL> F<SMALL>ORM</SMALL> <FONT
STYLE="white-space:nowrap">S-3</FONT></U> </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Ladies and Gentlemen: </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">We have acted as special counsel Biogen Inc., a Delaware corporation (the &#147;<B>Company</B>&#148;), in connection with the filing with the
Securities and Exchange Commission (the &#147;<B>Commission</B>&#148;) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the &#147;<B>Securities Act</B>&#148;), of a Registration Statement on Form <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">S-3</FONT> (the
&#147;<B>Registration Statement</B>&#148;) relating to the proposed issuance from time to time of (i)&nbsp;shares of common stock of the Company, par value $0.0005 per share (the &#147;<B>Common Stock</B>&#148;), (ii) shares of preferred stock of
the Company, par value $0.001 per share (the &#147;<B>Preferred Stock</B>&#148;), (iii) debt securities, (the &#147;<B>Debt Securities</B>&#148;), pursuant to an indenture (the &#147;<B>Indenture</B>&#148;), dated as of September&nbsp;15, 2015,
between the Company and U.S. Bank Trust Company, National Association (as successor in interest to U.S. Bank National Association), as trustee (the &#147;<B>Trustee</B>&#148;), (iv) warrants (the &#147;<B>Warrants</B>&#148;) representing rights to
purchase Common Stock, Preferred Stock or Debt Securities pursuant to a Warrant Agreement (the &#147;<B>Warrant Agreement</B>&#148;) and (v)&nbsp;depositary shares representing fractional interests in Preferred Stock (the &#147;<B>Depositary
Shares</B>&#148; and, together with the Common Stock, the Preferred Stock, the Debt Securities and the Warrants, the &#147;<B>Securities</B>&#148;) pursuant to a deposit agreement (the &#147;<B>Deposit Agreement</B>&#148;). </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">In rendering the opinions expressed below, we have (a)&nbsp;examined and relied on the originals, or copies certified or otherwise identified
to our satisfaction, of such agreements, documents and records of the Company and such other instruments and certificates of public officials and officers and representatives of the Company as we have deemed necessary or appropriate for the purposes
of such opinions, (b)&nbsp;examined and relied as to factual matters upon, and have assumed the accuracy of, the statements made in the certificates of public officials and officers and representatives of the Company delivered to us and
(c)&nbsp;made such investigations of law as we have deemed necessary or appropriate as a basis for such opinions. In rendering the opinions expressed below, we have assumed, with your permission, without independent investigation or inquiry,
(i)&nbsp;the authenticity and completeness of all documents submitted to us as originals, (ii)&nbsp;the genuineness of all signatures on all documents that we examined, (iii)&nbsp;the conformity to authentic originals and completeness of documents
submitted to us as certified, </P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:8pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">B<SMALL>RUSSELS&#8195;</SMALL>C<SMALL>HICAGO&#8195;</SMALL>D<SMALL>ALLAS&#8195;</SMALL>F<SMALL>RANKFURT&#8195;</SMALL>H<SMALL>OUSTON&#8195;</SMALL>L<SMALL>ONDON&#8195;
</SMALL>L<SMALL>OS</SMALL> A<SMALL>NGELES&#8195;</SMALL>M<SMALL>ILAN</SMALL> </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:8pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">M<SMALL>UNICH&#8195;</SMALL>N<SMALL>EW</SMALL>
Y<SMALL>ORK&#8195;</SMALL>P<SMALL>ALO</SMALL> A<SMALL>LTO&#8195;</SMALL>P<SMALL>ARIS&#8195;</SMALL>R<SMALL>OME&#8195;</SMALL>S<SMALL>AN</SMALL> F<SMALL>RANCISCO&#8195;</SMALL>W<SMALL>ASHINGTON</SMALL> </P>

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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Biogen Inc. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">May 1, 2025 </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"> Page
 2
 </P> <P STYLE="font-size:12pt; margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
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conformed or reproduction copies, (iv)&nbsp;the legal capacity of all natural persons executing documents, (v)&nbsp;the power and authority of the Trustee to enter into and perform its
obligations under the Indenture, (vi)&nbsp;the due authorization, execution and delivery of the Indenture by the Trustee, (vii)&nbsp;the enforceability of the Indenture against the Trustee, (viii)&nbsp;the Registration Statement and any amendments
thereto will be effective under the Securities Act and comply with all applicable laws and such effectiveness will not have been terminated or rescinded, (ix)&nbsp;the appropriate prospectus supplement, free writing prospectus or term sheet relating
to the Securities offered thereby will be prepared and filed with the Commission in compliance with the Securities Act and will comply with applicable laws at the time the Securities are offered or issued, (x)&nbsp;such Security will be issued and
sold in compliance with the applicable provisions of the Securities Act and in compliance with the &#147;blue sky&#148; laws of certain states and in the manner stated in the Registration Statement and any amendments and supplements thereto,
(xi)&nbsp;there will not have occurred any change in law affecting the validity or enforceability of such Security, (xii)&nbsp;at the time of an issuance of shares of Common Stock, including upon conversion, exercise or exchange of any of the
Securities that provides for such conversion, exercise or exchange, as the case may be, there will be sufficient shares of Common Stock authorized under the Company&#146;s Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, as restated and/or
amended, and not otherwise issued or reserved for issuance, (xiii)&nbsp;at the time of an issuance of shares of Preferred Stock, including upon conversion, exercise or exchange of any of the Securities that provides for such conversion, exercise or
exchange, as the case may be, there will be sufficient shares of Preferred Stock authorized under the Company&#146;s Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, as restated and/or amended, and not otherwise issued or reserved for issuance and
(xiv)&nbsp;the Company will have timely filed all necessary reports pursuant to the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, which are incorporated into the Registration Statement by reference. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Based upon and subject to the foregoing and the assumptions, qualifications and limitations hereinafter set forth, we are of the opinion that:
</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">1. When (i)&nbsp;the terms of the issuance and sale of the Common Stock have been duly authorized and approved by all necessary action of
the Company&#146;s board of directors (the &#147;<B>Board of Directors</B>&#148;) so as not to violate any applicable law, rule or regulation or result in a default under or a breach of any agreement or instrument binding upon the Company and so as
to comply with any requirement or restriction imposed by any court or governmental body having jurisdiction over the Company and (ii)&nbsp;the Common Stock has been duly issued, and delivered as contemplated by the Registration Statement and any
prospectus supplement relating thereto, and in accordance with such action of the Board of Directors and the terms of any underwriting agreement, Warrants or Warrant Agreement relating to such issuance, against payment of the consideration fixed
therefor by the Board of Directors, the Common Stock will be validly issued, fully paid and <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">non-assessable.</FONT> </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">2. When (i)&nbsp;the terms of the Preferred Stock and of its issuance and sale have been duly established in conformity with the
Company&#146;s Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, as amended and/or restated, and authorized and approved by all necessary action of the Board of Directors, so as not to violate any applicable law, rule or regulation or result in a
default under or breach of any agreement or instrument binding upon the Company and so as to </P>
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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Biogen Inc. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">May 1, 2025 </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"> Page
 3
 </P> <P STYLE="font-size:12pt; margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
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comply with any requirement or restriction imposed by any court or governmental body having jurisdiction over the Company, (ii)&nbsp;a Certificate of Designations fixing and determining the terms
of the Preferred Stock has been duly filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware and (iii)&nbsp;the Preferred Stock has been duly executed, authenticated, issued and delivered as contemplated by the Registration Statement and any
prospectus supplement relating thereto, and in accordance with such action of the Board of Directors and the terms of any underwriting agreement, Warrants or Warrant Agreement relating to such issuance, against payment of the consideration fixed
therefor by the Board of Directors, the Preferred Stock will be validly issued, fully paid and <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">non-assessable.</FONT> </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">3. The Indenture has been duly authorized, executed and delivered by the Company and the Indenture has been qualified under the Trust
Indenture Act of 1939, as amended (the &#147;<B>Trust Indenture Act</B>&#148;). </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">4. When (i)(a) the terms of the Debt Securities and their
issuance and sale and any supplemental indenture to be entered into in connection with the issuance of such Debt Securities have been duly authorized and approved by all necessary action of the Board of Directors and (b)&nbsp;the terms of such Debt
Securities have been duly established in accordance with the Indenture and the applicable supplemental indenture relating to such Debt Securities so as not to violate any applicable law, rule or regulation or result in a default under or breach of
any agreement or instrument binding upon the Company and so as to comply with any requirement or restriction imposed by any court or governmental body having jurisdiction over the Company, (ii)&nbsp;the supplemental indenture in respect of such Debt
Securities has been duly executed and delivered and (iii)&nbsp;such Debt Securities have been duly executed, authenticated, issued and delivered as contemplated by the Registration Statement and any prospectus supplement relating thereto, and in
accordance with the terms of the Indenture and the applicable supplemental indenture and any underwriting agreement, Warrants or Warrant Agreement relating to such issuance, against payment of the consideration fixed therefor by the Board of
Directors, such Debt Securities will be validly issued and will constitute valid and binding obligations of the Company enforceable against the Company in accordance with their terms. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">5. If any Debt Securities are convertible into Common Stock, when (i)&nbsp;the terms of the issuance of the Common Stock have been duly
authorized and approved by all necessary action of the Board of Directors and (ii)&nbsp;the Common Stock has been issued upon conversion of such Debt Securities as contemplated by the Registration Statement and any prospectus supplement relating
thereto, in accordance with the terms of such Debt Securities and the Indenture, so as not to violate any applicable law, rule or regulation or result in a default under or a violation of any agreement or instrument binding upon the Company and so
as to comply with any applicable requirement or restriction imposed by any court or governmental authority having jurisdiction over the Company, the Common Stock so issued will be validly issued, fully paid and
<FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">non-assessable.</FONT> </P>
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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Biogen Inc. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">May 1, 2025 </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"> Page
 4
 </P> <P STYLE="font-size:12pt; margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">6. When (i)&nbsp;the terms, and the execution and delivery, of the Warrants and any Warrant
Agreement or Warrant Agreement relating to the Warrants and the terms of the issuance and sale of the Warrants and related matters have been duly authorized and approved by all necessary action of the Board of Directors, (ii)&nbsp;the Warrant
Agreement or Warrant Agreement relating to the Warrants have been duly executed and delivered by the Company and such warrant agent as shall have been duly appointed by the Company, (iii)&nbsp;the terms of the Warrants have been established in
accordance with the applicable Warrant Agreement, so as not to violate any applicable law, rule or regulation or result in a default under or a breach of any agreement or instrument binding upon the Company and so as to comply with any requirement
or restriction imposed by any court or governmental body having jurisdiction over the Company and (iv)&nbsp;the Warrants or certificates representing the Warrants have been duly executed, authenticated, issued and delivered as contemplated by the
Registration Statement and any prospectus supplement relating thereto, and in accordance with the terms of any Warrant Agreement and underwriting agreement relating to such issuance, against payment of the consideration fixed therefor by the Board
of Directors, the Warrants will constitute valid and binding obligations of the Company, enforceable against the Company in accordance with their terms. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">7. When (i)&nbsp;the terms, and the execution and delivery, of the Deposit Agreement relating to the Depositary Shares and the terms of the
Depositary Shares and of their issuance and sale have been duly authorized and approved by all necessary action of the Board of Directors, (ii)&nbsp;the Deposit Agreement and the depositary receipts evidencing the Depositary Shares (the
&#147;<B>Depositary Receipts</B>&#148;) have been duly authorized, executed and delivered by the Company and such depositary as shall have been duly appointed by the Company (the &#147;<B>Depositary</B>&#148;), (iii) the terms of the Depositary
Shares and the Depositary Receipts have been established in accordance with the applicable Deposit Agreement, so as not to violate any applicable law, rule or regulation or result in a default under or breach of any agreement or instrument binding
upon the Company and so as to comply with any applicable requirement or restriction imposed by any court or governmental authority having jurisdiction over the Company, (iv)&nbsp;the Preferred Stock relating to the Depositary Shares has been duly
authorized and validly issued and is fully paid and <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">non-assessable</FONT> as contemplated in opinion paragraph 2 above and have been deposited with the Depositary under the applicable Deposit Agreement and
(v)&nbsp;the Depositary Receipts have been duly executed, countersigned, registered and delivered as contemplated by the Registration Statement and any prospectus supplement related thereto, and in accordance with the terms of the Deposit Agreement
and any underwriting agreement, Warrants or Warrant Agreements relating to such issuance, against payment of the consideration fixed therefor by the Board of Directors, the Depositary Receipts will be validly issued. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Our opinions set forth above are subject to the effects of (i)&nbsp;bankruptcy, insolvency, fraudulent conveyance, fraudulent transfer,
reorganization and moratorium laws, and other similar laws relating to or affecting creditors&#146; rights or remedies generally, (ii)&nbsp;general equitable principles (whether considered in a proceeding in equity or at law) and (iii)&nbsp;concepts
of good faith, reasonableness and fair dealing, and standards of materiality. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">We express no opinion as to the laws of any jurisdiction
other than the laws of the State of New York, the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware (the &#147;<B>DGCL</B>&#148;) and the reported judicial decisions interpreting the DGCL, and the federal laws of the United States of America, each as
currently in effect. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">We express no opinion as to the application of the securities or blue sky laws of the several states to the sale of
the Securities. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, except as set forth herein, we express no opinion in connection with the matters contemplated in the Registration Statement, and no opinion may be implied or inferred, except as
expressly set forth herein. </P>
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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Biogen Inc. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">May 1, 2025 </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"> Page
 5
 </P> <P STYLE="font-size:12pt; margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">We hereby consent to the filing of this opinion as an exhibit to the Registration Statement
and to the reference to our firm under the heading &#147;Legal Matters&#148; in the Prospectus forming a part of thereof and in any amendments or supplements to the Registration Statement and Prospectus. In giving such consent, we do not thereby
admit that we are in the category of persons whose consent is required under Section&nbsp;7 of the Securities Act or the rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder. </P> <P STYLE="font-size:12pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:53%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Very truly yours, </P> <P STYLE="font-size:12pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:53%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">/s/ Willkie Farr&nbsp;&amp; Gallagher LLP </P>
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<TYPE>EX-23.1
<SEQUENCE>3
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<DESCRIPTION>EX-23.1
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<Center><DIV STYLE="width:8.5in" align="left">
 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="right"><B>Exhibit 23.1 </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">We hereby consent to the incorporation by reference in this Registration Statement on <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">Form&nbsp;S-3</FONT> of Biogen Inc. of
our report dated February&nbsp;12, 2025 relating to the financial statements and the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, which appears in Biogen Inc.&#146;s Annual Report on Form <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">10-K</FONT>
for the year ended December&nbsp;31, 2024. We also consent to the reference to us under the heading &#147;Experts&#148; in such Registration Statement. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">/s/ PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Boston, Massachusetts </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">May&nbsp;1, 2025 </P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">1 </P>

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<TYPE>EX-25.1
<SEQUENCE>4
<FILENAME>d947116dex251.htm
<DESCRIPTION>EX-25.1
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<Center><DIV STYLE="width:8.5in" align="left">
 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="right"><B>Exhibit 25.1 </B></P>
<P STYLE="font-size:12pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P><DIV STYLE="line-height:1.0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;border-bottom:1px solid #000000">&nbsp;
</DIV><DIV STYLE="line-height:3.0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:2pt;border-bottom:1px solid #000000">&nbsp;</DIV> <P STYLE="margin-top:4pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:18pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE
COMMISSION </B></P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>Washington, D.C. 20549 </B></P>
<P STYLE="font-size:12pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P><center><DIV STYLE="line-height:6.0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:2pt;border-bottom:1.00pt solid #000000;width:21%">&nbsp;</DIV></center>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:18pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>FORM T-1 </B></P>
<P STYLE="font-size:12pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P><center><DIV STYLE="line-height:6.0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:2pt;border-bottom:1.00pt solid #000000;width:21%">&nbsp;</DIV></center>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>STATEMENT OF ELIGIBILITY </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>UNDER THE TRUST INDENTURE ACT OF 1939 </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>OF A CORPORATION DESIGNATED TO ACT AS TRUSTEE </B></P> <P STYLE="font-size:12pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="4%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left"><B></B>&#9744;<B></B><B></B></TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left"><B>Check if an Application to Determine Eligibility of a Trustee Pursuant to Section&nbsp;305(b)(2)
</B></P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:12pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P><center><DIV STYLE="line-height:6.0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:2pt;border-bottom:1.00pt solid #000000;width:21%">&nbsp;</DIV></center>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:19pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>U.S. BANK TRUST COMPANY, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>(Exact name of Trustee as specified in its charter) </B></P>
<P STYLE="font-size:12pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P><center><DIV STYLE="line-height:6.0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:2pt;border-bottom:1.00pt solid #000000;width:21%">&nbsp;</DIV></center>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>91-1821036 </B></P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:8pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>I.R.S.
Employer Identification No. </B></P> <P STYLE="font-size:12pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" WIDTH="100%" BORDER="0" STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" ALIGN="center">


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<TD WIDTH="50%"></TD>

<TD VALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1%"></TD>
<TD WIDTH="48%"></TD></TR>


<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top" ALIGN="center"> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>800 Nicollet Mall</B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:1pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>Minneapolis, Minnesota</B></P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="center"><B>55402</B></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:8pt">
<TD VALIGN="top" ALIGN="center"><B>(Address of principal executive offices)</B></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="top" ALIGN="center"><B>(Zip&nbsp;Code)</B></TD></TR>
</TABLE> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>David J Ganss </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>U.S. Bank Trust Company, National Association </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>1 Federal Street, </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>Boston, MA 02110 </B></P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>(617)
603-6568 </B></P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:8pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>(Name, address and telephone number of agent for service) </B></P>
<P STYLE="font-size:12pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P><center><DIV STYLE="line-height:6.0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:2pt;border-bottom:1.00pt solid #000000;width:21%">&nbsp;</DIV></center>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>BIOGEN INC. </B></P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:8pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>(Issuer with
respect to the Securities) </B></P> <P STYLE="font-size:12pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P><center><DIV STYLE="line-height:6.0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:2pt;border-bottom:1.00pt solid #000000;width:21%">&nbsp;</DIV></center>
<P STYLE="font-size:12pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" WIDTH="100%" BORDER="0" STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" ALIGN="center">


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<TD VALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1%"></TD>
<TD WIDTH="48%"></TD></TR>


<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top" ALIGN="center"><B>Delaware</B></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="top" ALIGN="center"><B>33-0112644</B></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:8pt">
<TD VALIGN="top" ALIGN="center"><B>(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)</B></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="top" ALIGN="center"><B>(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)</B></TD></TR>
</TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:12pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" WIDTH="100%" BORDER="0" STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" ALIGN="center">


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<TD VALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1%"></TD>
<TD WIDTH="48%"></TD></TR>


<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top" ALIGN="center"> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>225 Binney Street,</B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:1pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>Cambridge, MA</B></P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="center"><B>02142</B></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:8pt">
<TD VALIGN="top" ALIGN="center"><B>(Address of Principal Executive Offices)</B></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="top" ALIGN="center"><B>(Zip&nbsp;Code)</B></TD></TR>
</TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:12pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P><center><DIV STYLE="line-height:6.0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:2pt;border-bottom:1.00pt solid #000000;width:21%">&nbsp;</DIV></center>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>Senior Note Debt Issuance </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>(Title of the Indenture Securities) </B></P>
<P STYLE="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P><DIV STYLE="line-height:1.0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;border-bottom:1px solid #000000">&nbsp;
</DIV><DIV STYLE="line-height:3.0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:2pt;border-bottom:1px solid #000000">&nbsp;</DIV>
</DIV></Center>


<p style="margin-top:1em; margin-bottom:0em; page-break-before:always"> </p>
<HR SIZE="3" style="COLOR:#999999" WIDTH="100%" ALIGN="CENTER">

<Center><DIV STYLE="width:8.5in" align="left">
 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B><U>FORM T-1 </U></B></P>
<P STYLE="font-size:12pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="9%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left"><B>Item&#8201;1.</B></TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left"><B>GENERAL INFORMATION</B><B><I>.</I></B> Furnish the following information as to the Trustee.
</P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="9%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="4%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left"><I>a)</I></TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left"><I>Name and address of each examining or supervising authority to which it is subject.
</I></P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:13%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Comptroller of the Currency </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:13%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Washington, D.C. </P> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="9%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="4%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left"><I>b)</I></TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left"><I>Whether it is authorized to exercise corporate trust powers. </I></P></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:13%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Yes </P> <P STYLE="font-size:12pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="9%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left"><B>Item&#8201;2.</B></TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left"><B>AFFILIATIONS WITH THE OBLIGOR. </B><B><I></I></B><B></B><I>If the obligor is an affiliate of the Trustee,
describe each such affiliation.</I><B> </B></P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:13%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">None </P>
<P STYLE="font-size:12pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="9%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left"><B><FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">Items&#8201;3-15</FONT></B></TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left"><B></B><I>Items <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">3-15</FONT> are not applicable because to the best of the
Trustee&#146;s knowledge, the obligor is not in default under any Indenture for which the Trustee acts as Trustee.</I><B> </B></P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:12pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="9%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left"><B>Item&#8201;16.</B></TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left"><B>LIST OF EXHIBITS: </B><I>List below all exhibits filed as a part of this statement of eligibility and
qualification. </I><B> </B></P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="9%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="4%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">1.</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left">A copy of the Articles of Association of the Trustee, attached as Exhibit 1. </P></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="9%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="4%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">2.</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left">A copy of the certificate of authority of the Trustee to commence business, attached as Exhibit 2.
</P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="9%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="4%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">3.</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left">A copy of the authorization of the Trustee to exercise corporate trust powers, included as Exhibit 2.
</P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="9%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="4%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">4.</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left">A copy of the existing bylaws of the Trustee, attached as Exhibit 4. </P></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="9%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="4%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">5.</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left">A copy of each Indenture referred to in Item 4. Not applicable. </P></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="9%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="4%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">6.</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left">The consent of the Trustee required by Section&nbsp;321(b) of the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, attached as
Exhibit 6. </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="9%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="4%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">7.</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left">Report of Condition of the Trustee as of December 31, 2024, published pursuant to law or the requirements of
its supervising or examining authority, attached as Exhibit 7. </P></TD></TR></TABLE>
</DIV></Center>


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<HR SIZE="3" style="COLOR:#999999" WIDTH="100%" ALIGN="CENTER">

<Center><DIV STYLE="width:8.5in" align="left">
 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>SIGNATURE </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Pursuant to the requirements of the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended, the Trustee, U.S. BANK TRUST COMPANY, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, a
national banking association organized and existing under the laws of the United States of America, has duly caused this statement of eligibility and qualification to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, all in the
City of Boston, State of Massachusetts on the 1st of May, 2025. </P> <P STYLE="font-size:12pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P><DIV ALIGN="right">
<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" WIDTH="40%" BORDER="0" STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">


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<TD WIDTH="7%"></TD>

<TD VALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1%"></TD>
<TD WIDTH="92%"></TD></TR>


<TR STYLE="font-size:1pt">
<TD HEIGHT="16"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="16" COLSPAN="2"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top">By:</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom" STYLE=" BORDER-BOTTOM:1px solid #000000">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="top" STYLE="BORDER-BOTTOM:1px solid #000000">/s/ David J Ganss</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="bottom"></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">David J Ganss</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="bottom"></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">Vice President</TD></TR>
</TABLE></DIV>
</DIV></Center>


<p style="margin-top:1em; margin-bottom:0em; page-break-before:always"> </p>
<HR SIZE="3" style="COLOR:#999999" WIDTH="100%" ALIGN="CENTER">

<Center><DIV STYLE="width:8.5in" align="left">
 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B><U>Exhibit 1 </U></B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>ARTICLES OF ASSOCIATION </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>OF </B></P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>U. S. BANK TRUST
COMPANY, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION </B></P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">For the purpose of organizing an association (the &#147;Association&#148;) to perform any lawful activities of national
banks, the undersigned enter into the following Articles of Association: </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>FIRST. </B>The title of this Association shall be U. S. Bank Trust Company,
National Association. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>SECOND. </B>The main office of the Association shall be in the city of Portland, county of Multnomah, state of Oregon. The
business of the Association will be limited to fiduciary powers and the support of activities incidental to the exercise of those powers. The Association may not expand or alter its business beyond that stated in this article without the prior
approval of the Comptroller of the Currency. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>THIRD. </B>The board of directors of the Association shall consist of not less than five nor more than
twenty-five persons, the exact number to be fixed and determined from time to time by resolution of a majority of the full board of directors or by resolution of a majority of the shareholders at any annual or special meeting thereof. Each director
shall own common or preferred stock of the Association or of a holding company owning the Association, with an aggregate par, fair market, or equity value of not less than $1,000, as of either (i)&nbsp;the date of purchase, (ii)&nbsp;the date the
person became a director, or (iii)&nbsp;the date of that person&#146;s most recent election to the board of directors, whichever is more recent. Any combination of common or preferred stock of the Association or holding company may be used. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Any vacancy in the board of directors may be filled by action of a majority of the remaining directors between meetings of shareholders. The board of
directors may increase the number of directors up to the maximum permitted by law. Terms of directors, including directors selected to fill vacancies, shall expire at the next regular meeting of shareholders at which directors are elected, unless
the directors resign or are removed from office. Despite the expiration of a director&#146;s term, the director shall continue to serve until his or her successor is elected and qualified or until there is a decrease in the number of directors and
his or her position is eliminated. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Honorary or advisory members of the board of directors, without voting power or power of final decision in matters
concerning the business of the Association, may be appointed by resolution of a majority of the full board of directors, or by resolution of shareholders at any annual or special meeting. Honorary or advisory directors shall not be counted to
determined the number of directors of the Association or the presence of a quorum in connection with any board action, and shall not be required to own qualifying shares. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>FOURTH. </B>There shall be an annual meeting of the shareholders to elect directors and transact whatever other business may be brought before the meeting.
It shall be held at the main office or any other convenient place the board of directors may designate, on the day of each year specified therefor in the Bylaws, or if that day falls on a legal holiday in the state in which the </P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">- 1 - </P>

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<Center><DIV STYLE="width:8.5in" align="left">
 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Association is located, on the next following banking day. If no election is held on the day fixed or in the
event of a legal holiday on the following banking day, an election may be held on any subsequent day within 60 days of the day fixed, to be designated by the board of directors, or, if the directors fail to fix the day, by shareholders representing
two-thirds of the shares issued and outstanding. In all cases, at least 10 days&#146; advance notice of the meeting shall be given to the shareholders by first-class mail. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">In all elections of directors, the number of votes each common shareholder may cast will be determined by multiplying the number of shares he or she owns by
the number of directors to be elected. Those votes may be cumulated and cast for a single candidate or may be distributed among two or more candidates in the manner selected by the shareholder. On all other questions, each common shareholder shall
be entitled to one vote for each share of stock held by him or her. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">A director may resign at any time by delivering written notice to the board of
directors, its chairperson, or to the Association, which resignation shall be effective when the notice is delivered unless the notice specifies a later effective date. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">A director may be removed by the shareholders at a meeting called to remove him or her, when notice of the meeting stating that the purpose or one of the
purposes is to remove him or her is provided, if there is a failure to fulfill one of the affirmative requirements for qualification, or for cause; provided, however, that a director may not be removed if the number of votes sufficient to elect him
or her under cumulative voting is voted against his or her removal. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>FIFTH. </B>The authorized amount of capital stock of the Association shall be
1,000,000 shares of common stock of the par value of ten dollars ($10) each; but said capital stock may be increased or decreased from time to time, according to the provisions of the laws of the United States. The Association shall have only one
class of capital stock. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">No holder of shares of the capital stock of any class of the Association shall have any preemptive or preferential right of
subscription to any shares of any class of stock of the Association, whether now or hereafter authorized, or to any obligations convertible into stock of the Association, issued, or sold, nor any right of subscription to any thereof other than such,
if any, as the board of directors, in its discretion, may from time to time determine and at such price as the board of directors may from time to time fix. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Transfers of the Association&#146;s stock are subject to the prior written approval of a federal depository institution regulatory agency. If no other agency
approval is required, the approval of the Comptroller of the Currency must be obtained prior to any such transfers. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Unless otherwise specified in the
Articles of Association or required by law, (1)&nbsp;all matters requiring shareholder action, including amendments to the Articles of Association must be approved by shareholders owning a majority voting interest in the outstanding voting stock,
and (2)&nbsp;each shareholder shall be entitled to one vote per share. </P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">- 2 - </P>

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<Center><DIV STYLE="width:8.5in" align="left">
 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Unless otherwise specified in the Articles of Association or required by law, all shares of voting stock
shall be voted together as a class, on any matters requiring shareholder approval. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Unless otherwise provided in the Bylaws, the record date for
determining shareholders entitled to notice of and to vote at any meeting is the close of business on the day before the first notice is mailed or otherwise sent to the shareholders, provided that in no event may a record date be more than 70 days
before the meeting. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">The Association, at any time and from time to time, may authorize and issue debt obligations, whether subordinated, without the
approval of the shareholders. Obligations classified as debt, whether subordinated, which may be issued by the Association without the approval of shareholders, do not carry voting rights on any issue, including an increase or decrease in the
aggregate number of the securities, or the exchange or reclassification of all or part of securities into securities of another class or series. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>SIXTH. </B>The board of directors shall appoint one of its members president of this Association and one of its members chairperson of the board and shall
have the power to appoint one or more vice presidents, a secretary who shall keep minutes of the directors&#146; and shareholders&#146; meetings and be responsible for authenticating the records of the Association, and such other officers and
employees as may be required to transact the business of this Association. A duly appointed officer may appoint one or more officers or assistant officers if authorized by the board of directors in accordance with the Bylaws. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">The board of directors shall have the power to: </P> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="4%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">(1)</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left">Define the duties of the officers, employees, and agents of the Association. </P></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="4%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">(2)</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left">Delegate the performance of its duties, but not the responsibility for its duties, to the officers, employees,
and agents of the Association. </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="4%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">(3)</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left">Fix the compensation and enter employment contracts with its officers and employees upon reasonable terms and
conditions consistent with applicable law. </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="4%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">(4)</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left">Dismiss officers and employees. </P></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="4%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">(5)</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left">Require bonds from officers and employees and to fix the penalty thereof. </P></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="4%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">(6)</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left">Ratify written policies authorized by the Association&#146;s management or committees of the board.
</P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="4%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">(7)</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left">Regulate the manner any increase or decrease of the capital of the Association shall be made; provided that
nothing herein shall restrict the power of shareholders to increase or decrease the capital of the Association in accordance with law, and nothing shall raise or lower from two-thirds the percentage required for shareholder approval to increase or
reduce the capital. </P></TD></TR></TABLE>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">- 3 - </P>

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<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="4%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">(8)</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left">Manage and administer the business and affairs of the Association. </P></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="4%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">(9)</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left">Adopt initial Bylaws, not inconsistent with law or the Articles of Association, for managing the business and
regulating the affairs of the Association. </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="4%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">(10)</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left">Amend or repeal Bylaws, except to the extent that the Articles of Association reserve this power in whole or in
part to the shareholders. </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="4%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">(11)</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left">Make contracts. </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="4%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">(12)</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left">Generally perform all acts that are legal for a board of directors to perform. </P></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>SEVENTH. </B>The board of directors shall have the power to change the location of the main office to any authorized branch within the limits of the city
of Portland, Oregon, without the approval of the shareholders, or with a vote of shareholders owning two-thirds of the stock of the Association for a location outside such limits and upon receipt of a certificate of approval from the Comptroller of
the Currency, to any other location within or outside the limits of the city of Portland, Oregon, but not more than thirty miles beyond such limits. The board of directors shall have the power to establish or change the location of any office or
offices of the Association to any other location permitted under applicable law, without approval of shareholders, subject to approval by the Comptroller of the Currency. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>EIGHTH. </B>The corporate existence of this Association shall continue until termination according to the laws of the United States. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>NINTH. </B>The board of directors of the Association, or any shareholder owning, in the aggregate, not less than 25&nbsp;percent of the stock of the
Association, may call a special meeting of shareholders at any time. Unless otherwise provided by the Bylaws or the laws of the United States, or waived by shareholders, a notice of the time, place, and purpose of every annual and special meeting of
the shareholders shall be given by first-class mail, postage prepaid, mailed at least 10, and no more than 60, days prior to the date of the meeting to each shareholder of record at his/her address as shown upon the books of the Association. Unless
otherwise provided by the Bylaws, any action requiring approval of shareholders must be effected at a duly called annual or special meeting. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>TENTH.
</B>These Articles of Association may be amended at any regular or special meeting of the shareholders by the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the stock of the Association, unless the vote of the holders of a greater amount of stock
is required by law, and in that case by the vote of the holders of such greater amount; provided, that the scope of the Association&#146;s activities and services may not be expanded without the prior written approval of the Comptroller of the
Currency. The Association&#146;s board of directors may propose one or more amendments to the Articles of Association for submission to the shareholders. </P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">- 4 - </P>

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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">In witness whereof, we have hereunto set our hands this 11<SUP
STYLE="font-size:75%; vertical-align:top">th</SUP> of June, 1997. </P> <P STYLE="font-size:12pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
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<TR>

<TD WIDTH="100%"></TD></TR>


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<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:1pt; border-bottom:1px solid #000000; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">/s/ Jeffrey T. Grubb</P></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top">Jeffrey T. Grubb</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font-size:1pt">
<TD HEIGHT="16"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:1pt; border-bottom:1px solid #000000; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">/s/ Robert D. Sznewajs</P></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top">Robert D. Sznewajs</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font-size:1pt">
<TD HEIGHT="16"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:1pt; border-bottom:1px solid #000000; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">/s/ Dwight V. Board</P></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top">Dwight V. Board</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font-size:1pt">
<TD HEIGHT="16"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:1pt; border-bottom:1px solid #000000; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">/s/ P. K. Chatterjee</P></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top">P. K. Chatterjee</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font-size:1pt">
<TD HEIGHT="16"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:1pt; border-bottom:1px solid #000000; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">/s/ Robert Lane</P></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top">Robert Lane</TD></TR>
</TABLE>
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<Center><DIV STYLE="width:8.5in" align="left">
 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B><U>Exhibit 2 </U></B></P>
<P STYLE="font-size:12pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
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<TD WIDTH="6%"></TD>

<TD VALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1%"></TD>
<TD WIDTH="72%"></TD>

<TD VALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1%"></TD>
<TD WIDTH="20%"></TD></TR>


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<TD VALIGN="middle">


<IMG SRC="g947116g46g01.jpg" ALT="LOGO">
</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="middle"><B>Office of the Comptroller of the Currency</B></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="top"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top"></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="top"></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="top" ALIGN="right">Washington, DC 20219</TD></TR>
</TABLE> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>CERTIFICATE OF CORPORATE EXISTENCE AND FIDUCIARY POWERS </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">I, Michael J. Hsu, Acting Comptroller of the Currency, do hereby certify that: </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">1. The Comptroller of the Currency, pursuant to Revised Statutes 324, et seq, as amended, and 12 USC 1, et seq, as amended, has possession, custody, and
control of all records pertaining to the chartering, regulation, and supervision of all national banking associations. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">2. &#147;U.S. Bank Trust Company
National Association,&#148; Portland, Oregon (CharterNo. 23412), is a national banking association formed under the laws of the United States and is authorized thereunder to transact the business of banking and exercise fiduciary powers on the date
of this certificate. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">IN TESTIMONY WHEREOF, today, December 11, 2024, I have hereunto subscribed my name and caused my seal of office to be affixed to
these presents at the U.S. Department of the Treasury, in the City of Washington, District of Columbia. </P> <P STYLE="font-size:12pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
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</TABLE> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">2025-00299-C</FONT> </P>
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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B><U>Exhibit 4 </U></B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>U.S. BANK TRUST COMPANY, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B><U>AMENDED AND RESTATED BYLAWS </U></B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><U>ARTICLE I </U></P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><U>Meetings of
Shareholders </U></P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;1.1. <U>Annual Meeting</U>. The annual meeting of the shareholders, for the election of directors and the
transaction of any other proper business, shall be held at a time and place as the Chairman or President may designate. Notice of such meeting shall be given not less than ten (10)&nbsp;days or more than sixty (60)&nbsp;days prior to the date
thereof, to each shareholder of the Association, unless the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (the &#147;OCC&#148;) determines that an emergency circumstance exists. In accordance with applicable law, the sole shareholder of the Association
is permitted to waive notice of the meeting. If, for any reason, an election of directors is not made on the designated day, the election shall be held on some subsequent day, as soon thereafter as practicable, with prior notice thereof. Failure to
hold an annual meeting as required by these Bylaws shall not affect the validity of any corporate action or work a forfeiture or dissolution of the Association. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;1.2. <U>Special Meetings</U>. Except as otherwise specially provided by law, special meetings of the shareholders may be called
for any purpose, at any time by a majority of the board of directors (the &#147;Board&#148;), or by any shareholder or group of shareholders owning at least ten percent of the outstanding stock. Every such special meeting, unless otherwise provided
by law, shall be called upon not less than ten (10)&nbsp;days nor more than sixty (60)&nbsp;days prior notice stating the purpose of the meeting. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;1.3. <U>Nominations for Directors</U>. Nominations for election to the Board may be made by the Board or by any shareholder. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;1.4. <U>Proxies</U>. Shareholders may vote at any meeting of the shareholders by proxies duly authorized in writing. Proxies
shall be valid only for one meeting and any adjournments of such meeting and shall be filed with the records of the meeting. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;1.5. <U>Record Date</U>. The record date for determining shareholders entitled to notice and to vote at any meeting will be
thirty days before the date of such meeting, unless otherwise determined by the Board. </P>
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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;1.6. <U>Quorum and Voting</U>. A majority of the outstanding capital stock,
represented in person or by proxy, shall constitute a quorum at any meeting of shareholders, unless otherwise provided by law, but less than a quorum may adjourn any meeting, from time to time, and the meeting may be held as adjourned without
further notice. A majority of the votes cast shall decide every question or matter submitted to the shareholders at any meeting, unless otherwise provided by law or by the Articles of Association. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;1.7. <U>Inspectors</U>. The Board may, and in the event of its failure so to do, the Chairman of the Board may appoint Inspectors
of Election who shall determine the presence of quorum, the validity of proxies, and the results of all elections and all other matters voted upon by shareholders at all annual and special meetings of shareholders. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;1.8. <U>Waiver and Consent</U>. The shareholders may act without notice or a meeting by a unanimous written consent by all
shareholders. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;1.9. <U>Remote Meetings</U>. The Board shall have the right to determine that a shareholder meeting not be
held at a place, but instead be held solely by means of remote communication in the manner and to the extent permitted by the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:24pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><U>ARTICLE II </U></P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><U>Directors
</U></P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;2.1. <U>Board of Directors</U>. The Board shall have the power to manage and administer the business and affairs of the
Association. Except as expressly limited by law, all corporate powers of the Association shall be vested in and may be exercised by the Board. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;2.2. <U>Term of Office</U>. The directors of this Association shall hold office for one year and until their successors are duly
elected and qualified, or until their earlier resignation or removal. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;2.3. <U>Powers</U>. In addition to the foregoing, the
Board shall have and may exercise all of the powers granted to or conferred upon it by the Articles of Association, the Bylaws and by law. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;2.4. <U>Number</U>. As provided in the Articles of Association, the Board of this Association shall consist of no less than five
nor more than twenty-five members, unless the OCC has exempted the Association from the twenty-five- member limit. The Board shall consist of a number of members to be fixed and determined from time to time by resolution of the Board or the
shareholders at any meeting thereof, in accordance with the Articles of Association. Between meetings of the shareholders held for the purpose of electing directors, the Board </P>
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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">by a majority vote of the full Board may increase the size of the Board but not to more than a total of
twenty-five directors, and fill any vacancy so created in the Board; provided that the Board may increase the number of directors only by up to two directors, when the number of directors last elected by shareholders was fifteen or fewer, and by up
to four directors, when the number of directors last elected by shareholders was sixteen or more. Each director shall own a qualifying equity interest in the Association or a company that has control of the Association in each case as required by
applicable law. Each director shall own such qualifying equity interest in his or her own right and meet any minimum threshold ownership required by applicable law. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;2.5. <U>Organization Meeting</U>. The newly elected Board shall meet for the purpose of organizing the new Board and electing and
appointing such officers of the Association as may be appropriate. Such meeting shall be held on the day of the election or as soon thereafter as practicable, and, in any event, within thirty days thereafter, at such time and place as the Chairman
or President may designate. If, at the time fixed for such meeting, there shall not be a quorum present, the directors present may adjourn the meeting until a quorum is obtained. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;2.6. <U>Regular Meetings</U>. The regular meetings of the Board shall be held, without notice, as the Chairman or President may
designate and deem suitable. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;2.7. <U>Special Meetings</U>. Special meetings of the Board may be called at any time, at any
place and for any purpose by the Chairman of the Board or the President of the Association, or upon the request of a majority of the entire Board. Notice of every special meeting of the Board shall be given to the directors at their usual places of
business, or at such other addresses as shall have been furnished by them for the purpose. Such notice shall be given at least twelve hours (three hours if meeting is to be conducted by conference telephone) before the meeting by telephone or by
being personally delivered, mailed, or electronically delivered. Such notice need not include a statement of the business to be transacted at, or the purpose of, any such meeting. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;2.8. <U>Quorum and Necessary Vote</U>. A majority of the directors shall constitute a quorum at any meeting of the Board, except
when otherwise provided by law; but less than a quorum may adjourn any meeting, from time to time, and the meeting may be held as adjourned without further notice. Unless otherwise provided by law or the Articles or Bylaws of this Association, once
a quorum is established, any act by a majority of those directors present and voting shall be the act of the Board. </P>
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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;2.9. <U>Written Consent</U>. Except as otherwise required by applicable laws
and regulations, the Board may act without a meeting by a unanimous written consent by all directors, to be filed with the Secretary of the Association as part of the corporate records. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;2.10. <U>Remote Meetings</U>. Members of the Board, or of any committee thereof, may participate in a meeting of such Board or
committee by means of conference telephone, video or similar communications equipment by means of which all persons participating in the meeting can hear each other and such participation shall constitute presence in person at such meeting. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;2.11. <U>Vacancies</U>. When any vacancy occurs among the directors, the remaining members of the Board may appoint a director to
fill such vacancy at any regular meeting of the Board, or at a special meeting called for that purpose. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:24pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><U>ARTICLE III </U></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><U>Committees </U></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;3.1. <U>Advisory Board of Directors</U>. The Board may appoint persons, who need not be directors, to serve as advisory directors
on an advisory board of directors established with respect to the business affairs of either this Association alone or the business affairs of a group of affiliated organizations of which this Association is one. Advisory directors shall have such
powers and duties as may be determined by the Board, provided, that the Board&#146;s responsibility for the business and affairs of this Association shall in no respect be delegated or diminished. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;3.2. <U>Trust Audit Committee</U>. At least once during each calendar year, the Association shall arrange for a suitable audit
(by internal or external auditors) of all significant fiduciary activities under the direction of its trust audit committee, a function that will be fulfilled by the Audit Committee of the financial holding company that is the ultimate parent of
this Association. The Association shall note the results of the audit (including significant actions taken as a result of the audit) in the minutes of the Board. In lieu of annual audits, the Association may adopt a continuous audit system in
accordance with 12 C.F.R. &#167; 9.9(b). </P>
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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">The Audit Committee of the financial holding company that is the ultimate parent of this Association,
fulfilling the function of the trust audit committee: </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(1) Must not include any officers of the Association or an affiliate who participate
significantly in the administration of the Association&#146;s fiduciary activities; and </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(2) Must consist of a majority of members who are
not also members of any committee to which the Board has delegated power to manage and control the fiduciary activities of the Association. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;3.3. <U>Executive Committee</U>. The Board may appoint an Executive Committee which shall consist of at least three directors and
which shall have, and may exercise, to the extent permitted by applicable law, all the powers of the Board between meetings of the Board or otherwise when the Board is not meeting. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;3.4. <U>Trust Management Committee</U>. The Board of this Association shall appoint a Trust Management Committee to provide
oversight of the fiduciary activities of the Association. The Trust Management Committee shall determine policies governing fiduciary activities. The Trust Management Committee or such sub-committees, officers or others as may be duly designated by
the Trust Management Committee shall oversee the processes related to fiduciary activities to assure conformity with fiduciary policies it establishes, including ratifying the acceptance and the closing out or relinquishment of all trusts. The Trust
Management Committee will provide regular reports of its activities to the Board. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;3.5. <U>Other Committees</U>. The Board
may appoint, from time to time, committees of one or more persons who need not be directors, for such purposes and with such powers as the Board may determine; however, the Board will not delegate to any committee any powers or responsibilities that
it is prohibited from delegating under any law or regulation. In addition, either the Chairman or the President may appoint, from time to time, committees of one or more officers, employees, agents or other persons, for such purposes and with such
powers as either the Chairman or the President deems appropriate and proper. Whether appointed by the Board, the Chairman, or the President, any such committee shall at all times be subject to the direction and control of the Board. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;3.6. <U>Meetings, Minutes and Rules</U>. An advisory board of directors and/or committee shall meet as necessary in consideration
of the purpose of the advisory board of directors or committee, and shall maintain minutes in sufficient detail to indicate actions taken or recommendations made; unless required by the members, discussions, votes or other specific details need not
be reported. An advisory board of directors or a committee may, in consideration of its purpose, adopt its own rules for the exercise of any of its functions or authority. </P>
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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><U>ARTICLE IV </U></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><U>Officers </U></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;4.1. <U>Chairman of the Board</U>. The Board may appoint one of its members to be Chairman of the Board to serve at the pleasure
of the Board. The Chairman shall supervise the carrying out of the policies adopted or approved by the Board; shall have general executive powers, as well as the specific powers conferred by these Bylaws; and shall also have and may exercise such
powers and duties as from time to time may be conferred upon or assigned by the Board. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;4.2. <U>President</U>. The Board may
appoint one of its members to be President of the Association. In the absence of the Chairman, the President shall preside at any meeting of the Board. The President shall have general executive powers, and shall have and may exercise any and all
other powers and duties pertaining by law, regulation or practice, to the office of President, or imposed by these Bylaws. The President shall also have and may exercise such powers and duties as from time to time may be conferred or assigned by the
Board. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;4.3. <U>Vice President</U>. The Board may appoint one or more Vice Presidents who shall have such powers and duties
as may be assigned by the Board and to perform the duties of the President on those occasions when the President is absent, including presiding at any meeting of the Board in the absence of both the Chairman and President. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;4.4. <U>Secretary</U>. The Board shall appoint a Secretary, or other designated officer who shall be Secretary of the Board and
of the Association, and shall keep accurate minutes of all meetings. The Secretary shall attend to the giving of all notices required by these Bylaws to be given; shall be custodian of the corporate seal, records, documents and papers of the
Association; shall provide for the keeping of proper records of all transactions of the Association; shall, upon request, authenticate any records of the Association; shall have and may exercise any and all other powers and duties pertaining by law,
regulation or practice, to the Secretary, or imposed by these Bylaws; and shall also perform such other duties as may be assigned from time to time by the Board. The Board may appoint one or more Assistant Secretaries with such powers and duties as
the Board, the President or the Secretary shall from time to time determine. </P>
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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;4.5. <U>Other Officers</U>. The Board may appoint, and may authorize the
Chairman, the President or any other officer to appoint, any officer as from time to time may appear to the Board, the Chairman, the President or such other officer to be required or desirable to transact the business of the Association. Such
officers shall exercise such powers and perform such duties as pertain to their several offices, or as may be conferred upon or assigned to them by these Bylaws, the Board, the Chairman, the President or such other authorized officer. Any person may
hold two offices. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;4.6. <U>Tenure of Office</U>. The Chairman or the President and all other officers shall hold office until
their respective successors are elected and qualified or until their earlier death, resignation, retirement, disqualification or removal from office, subject to the right of the Board or authorized officer to discharge any officer at any time. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:24pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><U>ARTICLE V </U></P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><U>Stock
</U></P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;5.1. The Board may authorize the issuance of stock either in certificated or in uncertificated form. Certificates for
shares of stock shall be in such form as the Board may from time to time prescribe. If the Board issues certificated stock, the certificate shall be signed by the President, Secretary or any other such officer as the Board so determines. Shares of
stock shall be transferable on the books of the Association, and a transfer book shall be kept in which all transfers of stock shall be recorded. Every person becoming a shareholder by such transfer shall, in proportion to such person&#146;s shares,
succeed to all rights of the prior holder of such shares. Each certificate of stock shall recite on its face that the stock represented thereby is transferable only upon the books of the Association properly endorsed. The Board may impose conditions
upon the transfer of the stock reasonably calculated to simplify the work of the Association for stock transfers, voting at shareholder meetings, and related matters, and to protect it against fraudulent transfers. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:24pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><U>ARTICLE VI </U></P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><U>Corporate
Seal </U></P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;6.1. The Association shall have no corporate seal; provided, however, that if the use of a seal is required by, or
is otherwise convenient or advisable pursuant to, the laws or regulations of any jurisdiction, the following seal may be used, and the Chairman, the President, the Secretary and any Assistant Secretary shall have the authority to affix such seal:
</P>
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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><U>ARTICLE VII </U></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><U>Miscellaneous Provisions </U></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;7.1. <U>Execution of Instruments</U>. All agreements, checks, drafts, orders, indentures, notes, mortgages, deeds, conveyances,
transfers, endorsements, assignments, certificates, declarations, receipts, discharges, releases, satisfactions, settlements, petitions, schedules, accounts, affidavits, bonds, undertakings, guarantees, proxies and other instruments or documents may
be signed, countersigned, executed, acknowledged, endorsed, verified, delivered or accepted on behalf of the Association, whether in a fiduciary capacity or otherwise, by any officer of the Association, or such employee or agent as may be designated
from time to time by the Board by resolution, or by the Chairman or the President by written instrument, which resolution or instrument shall be certified as in effect by the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary of the Association. The provisions of
this section are supplementary to any other provision of the Articles of Association or Bylaws. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;7.2. <U>Records</U>. The
Articles of Association, the Bylaws as revised or amended from time to time and the proceedings of all meetings of the shareholders, the Board, and standing committees of the Board, shall be recorded in appropriate minute books provided for the
purpose. The minutes of each meeting shall be signed by the Secretary, or other officer appointed to act as Secretary of the meeting. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;7.3. <U>Trust Files</U>. There shall be maintained in the Association files all fiduciary records necessary to assure that its
fiduciary responsibilities have been properly undertaken and discharged. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;7.4. <U>Trust Investments</U>. Funds held in a
fiduciary capacity shall be invested according to the instrument establishing the fiduciary relationship and according to law. Where such instrument does not specify the character and class of investments to be made and does not vest in the
Association a discretion in the matter, funds held pursuant to such instrument shall be invested in investments in which corporate fiduciaries may invest under law. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;7.5. <U>Notice</U>. Whenever notice is required by the Articles of Association, the Bylaws or law, such notice shall be by mail,
postage prepaid, e- mail, in person, or by any other means by which such notice can reasonably be expected to be received, using the address of the person to receive such notice, or such other personal data, as may appear on the records of the
Association. Except where specified otherwise in these Bylaws, prior notice shall be proper if given not more than 30 days nor less than 10 days prior to the event for which notice is given. </P>
</DIV></Center>


<p style="margin-top:1em; margin-bottom:0em; page-break-before:always"> </p>
<HR SIZE="3" style="COLOR:#999999" WIDTH="100%" ALIGN="CENTER">

<Center><DIV STYLE="width:8.5in" align="left">
 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><U>ARTICLE VIII </U></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><U>Indemnification </U></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;8.1. The Association shall indemnify such persons for such liabilities in such manner under such circumstances and to such extent
as permitted by Section&nbsp;145 of the Delaware General Corporation Law, as now enacted or hereafter amended. The Board may authorize the purchase and maintenance of insurance and/or the execution of individual agreements for the purpose of such
indemnification, and the Association shall advance all reasonable costs and expenses (including attorneys&#146; fees) incurred in defending any action, suit or proceeding to all persons entitled to indemnification under this Section&nbsp;8.1. Such
insurance shall be consistent with the requirements of 12 C.F.R. &#167; 7.2014 and shall exclude coverage of liability for a formal order assessing civil money penalties against an institution-affiliated party, as defined at 12 U.S.C. &#167;
1813(u). </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;8.2. Notwithstanding Section&nbsp;8.1, however, (a)&nbsp;any indemnification payments to an institution-affiliated
party, as defined at 12 U.S.C. &#167; 1813(u), for an administrative proceeding or civil action initiated by a federal banking agency, shall be reasonable and consistent with the requirements of 12 U.S.C. &#167; 1828(k) and the implementing
regulations thereunder; and (b)&nbsp;any indemnification payments and advancement of costs and expenses to an institution-affiliated party, as defined at 12 U.S.C. &#167; 1813(u), in cases involving an administrative proceeding or civil action not
initiated by a federal banking agency, shall be in accordance with Delaware General Corporation Law and consistent with safe and sound banking practices. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:24pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><U>ARTICLE IX </U></P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><U>Bylaws:
Interpretation and Amendment </U></P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;9.1. These Bylaws shall be interpreted in accordance with and subject to appropriate
provisions of law, and may be added to, altered, amended, or repealed, at any regular or special meeting of the Board. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;9.2.
A copy of the Bylaws and all amendments shall at all times be kept in a convenient place at the principal office of the Association, and shall be open for inspection to all shareholders during Association hours. </P>
</DIV></Center>


<p style="margin-top:1em; margin-bottom:0em; page-break-before:always"> </p>
<HR SIZE="3" style="COLOR:#999999" WIDTH="100%" ALIGN="CENTER">

<Center><DIV STYLE="width:8.5in" align="left">
 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><U>ARTICLE X </U></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><U>Miscellaneous Provisions </U></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;10.1. <U>Fiscal Year</U>. The fiscal year of the Association shall begin on the first day of January in each year and shall end
on the thirty-first day of December following. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Section&nbsp;10.2. <U>Governing Law</U>. This Association designates the Delaware General
Corporation Law, as amended from time to time, as the governing law for its corporate governance procedures, to the extent not inconsistent with Federal banking statutes and regulations or bank safety and soundness. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">*** </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="right">(February 8, 2021) </P>
</DIV></Center>


<p style="margin-top:1em; margin-bottom:0em; page-break-before:always"> </p>
<HR SIZE="3" style="COLOR:#999999" WIDTH="100%" ALIGN="CENTER">

<Center><DIV STYLE="width:8.5in" align="left">
 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B><U>Exhibit 6</U> </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>CONSENT </B></P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">In accordance
with Section&nbsp;321(b) of the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, the undersigned, U.S. BANK TRUST COMPANY, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION hereby consents that reports of examination of the undersigned by Federal, State, Territorial or District authorities may be
furnished by such authorities to the Securities and Exchange Commission upon its request therefor. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Dated: May 1, 2025 </P>
<P STYLE="font-size:12pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P><DIV ALIGN="right">
<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" WIDTH="40%" BORDER="0" STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">


<TR>

<TD WIDTH="7%"></TD>

<TD VALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1%"></TD>
<TD WIDTH="92%"></TD></TR>


<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top">By:</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom" STYLE=" BORDER-BOTTOM:1px solid #000000">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="top" STYLE="BORDER-BOTTOM:1px solid #000000"> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">/s/ David J Ganss</P>
<P STYLE="font-size:1pt; margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:1pt">&nbsp;</P></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="bottom"></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">David J Ganss</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="bottom"></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">Vice President</TD></TR>
</TABLE></DIV>
</DIV></Center>


<p style="margin-top:1em; margin-bottom:0em; page-break-before:always"> </p>
<HR SIZE="3" style="COLOR:#999999" WIDTH="100%" ALIGN="CENTER">

<Center><DIV STYLE="width:8.5in" align="left">
 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B><U>Exhibit 7 </U></B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>U.S. Bank Trust Company, National Association </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>Statement of Financial Condition </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>as of 12/31/2024 </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>($000&#146;s) </B></P> <P STYLE="font-size:12pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" WIDTH="100%" BORDER="0" STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" ALIGN="center">


<TR>

<TD WIDTH="91%"></TD>

<TD VALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="2%"></TD>
<TD></TD>
<TD></TD>
<TD></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="bottom"><B>Assets</B></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom" COLSPAN="2" ALIGN="center" STYLE="border-bottom:1.00pt solid #000000"><B>12/31/2024</B></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD></TR>


<TR BGCOLOR="#cceeff" STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Cash and Balances Due From Depository Institutions</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">$</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">1,677,809</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Securities</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">4,458</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR BGCOLOR="#cceeff" STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Federal Funds</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">0</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Loans &amp; Lease Financing Receivables</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">0</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR BGCOLOR="#cceeff" STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Fixed Assets</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">977</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Intangible Assets</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">576,194</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR BGCOLOR="#cceeff" STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Other Assets</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">151,958</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font-size:1px; ">
<TD VALIGN="bottom"></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; border-top:1.00px solid #000000">&nbsp;</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; border-top:1.00px solid #000000">&nbsp;</P></TD>
<TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>Total Assets</B></P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom"><B>$</B></TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right"><B>2,411,396</B></TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom"><B></B>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR BGCOLOR="#cceeff" STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:1.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>Liabilities</B></P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom"></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom"></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Deposits</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">$</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">0</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR BGCOLOR="#cceeff" STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Fed Funds</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">0</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Treasury Demand Notes</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">0</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR BGCOLOR="#cceeff" STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Trading Liabilities</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">0</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Other Borrowed Money</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">0</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR BGCOLOR="#cceeff" STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Acceptances</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">0</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Subordinated Notes and Debentures</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">0</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR BGCOLOR="#cceeff" STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Other Liabilities</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">230,451</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font-size:1px; ">
<TD VALIGN="bottom"></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; border-top:1.00px solid #000000">&nbsp;</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; border-top:1.00px solid #000000">&nbsp;</P></TD>
<TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>Total Liabilities</B></P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom"><B>$</B></TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right"><B>230,451</B></TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom"><B></B>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR BGCOLOR="#cceeff" STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:1.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>Equity</B></P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom"></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom"></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Common and Preferred Stock</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">200</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR BGCOLOR="#cceeff" STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Surplus</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">1,171,635</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Undivided Profits</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">1,009,110</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR BGCOLOR="#cceeff" STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Minority Interest in Subsidiaries</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">0</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font-size:1px; ">
<TD VALIGN="bottom"></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; border-top:1.00px solid #000000">&nbsp;</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; border-top:1.00px solid #000000">&nbsp;</P></TD>
<TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:5.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>Total Equity Capital</B></P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom"><B>$</B></TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right"><B>2,180,945</B></TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom"><B></B>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR BGCOLOR="#cceeff" STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:1.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>Total Liabilities and Equity Capital</B></P></TD>
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<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right"><B>2,411,396</B></TD>
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<td style="padding-bottom:1pt ;BORDER-RIGHT:0.75pt solid #000000; padding-right:2pt;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center">Filing Fee<br/>Previously<br/>Paid in<br/>Connection<br/>with&#160;Unsold<br/>Securities&#160;to<br/>be Carried<br/>Forward</td></tr>
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<td style="padding-bottom:1pt ;vertical-align:top;text-align:center">(2)</td>
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<td style="padding-bottom:1pt ;vertical-align:top;text-align:center">(2)</td>
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<td style="padding-bottom:1pt ;vertical-align:top;text-align:center">(2)</td>
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<td style="padding-bottom:1pt ;vertical-align:top;text-align:center">(1)&#8201;</td>
<td style=" BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000;vertical-align:bottom">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom:1pt ;vertical-align:top;text-align:center">(1)</td>
<td style=" BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000;vertical-align:bottom">&#160;</td>
<td style="vertical-align:top"/>
<td style=" BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000;vertical-align:bottom">&#160;</td>
<td style="vertical-align:top"/>
<td style=" BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000;vertical-align:bottom">&#160;</td>
<td style="vertical-align:top"/>
<td style=" BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000;vertical-align:bottom">&#160;</td>
<td style="BORDER-RIGHT:0.75pt solid #000000; padding-right:2pt;vertical-align:top">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="font-size:1pt">
<td style="BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000; BORDER-TOP:0.75pt solid #000000; padding-left:8pt;height:0.75pt">&#160;</td>
<td colspan="2" style="BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000; BORDER-TOP:0.75pt solid #000000;height:0.75pt">&#160;</td>
<td colspan="2" style="BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000; BORDER-TOP:0.75pt solid #000000;height:0.75pt">&#160;</td>
<td colspan="2" style="BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000; BORDER-TOP:0.75pt solid #000000;height:0.75pt">&#160;</td>
<td colspan="2" style="BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000; BORDER-TOP:0.75pt solid #000000;height:0.75pt">&#160;</td>
<td colspan="2" style="BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000; BORDER-TOP:0.75pt solid #000000;height:0.75pt">&#160;</td>
<td colspan="2" style="BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000; BORDER-TOP:0.75pt solid #000000;height:0.75pt">&#160;</td>
<td colspan="2" style="BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000; BORDER-TOP:0.75pt solid #000000;height:0.75pt">&#160;</td>
<td colspan="2" style="BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000; BORDER-TOP:0.75pt solid #000000;height:0.75pt">&#160;</td>
<td colspan="2" style="BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000; BORDER-TOP:0.75pt solid #000000;height:0.75pt">&#160;</td>
<td colspan="2" style="BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000; BORDER-TOP:0.75pt solid #000000;height:0.75pt">&#160;</td>
<td colspan="2" style="BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000; BORDER-TOP:0.75pt solid #000000;height:0.75pt">&#160;</td>
<td colspan="2" style="BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000; BORDER-TOP:0.75pt solid #000000; BORDER-RIGHT:0.75pt solid #000000;height:0.75pt">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<td style="BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000; padding-left:8pt;vertical-align:top">&#160;</td>
<td style=" BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000;vertical-align:bottom">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom:1pt ;vertical-align:top;text-align:center"><ix:nonNumeric name="ffd:OfferingSctyTp" contextRef="P05_01_2025To05_01_2025_2TypedMemberffdOfferingAxis" id="ixv-660">Equity</ix:nonNumeric></td>
<td style=" BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000;vertical-align:bottom">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom:1pt ;vertical-align:top;text-align:center"><div style="-sec-ix-hidden:hidden139069686;display:inline;">Preferred Stock,&#8201; par value $0.001 per share</div> (1) (3)</td>
<td style=" BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000;vertical-align:bottom">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom:1pt ;vertical-align:top;text-align:center">Rule 456(b) and&#8201; Rule <ix:nonNumeric name="ffd:Rule457rFlg" contextRef="P05_01_2025To05_01_2025_2TypedMemberffdOfferingAxis" format="ixt:fixed-true" id="ixv-661">457(r)</ix:nonNumeric>&#8201;</td>
<td style=" BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000;vertical-align:bottom">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom:1pt ;vertical-align:top;text-align:center">(2)</td>
<td style=" BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000;vertical-align:bottom">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom:1pt ;vertical-align:top;text-align:center">(2)</td>
<td style=" BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000;vertical-align:bottom">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom:1pt ;vertical-align:top;text-align:center">(2)</td>
<td style=" BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000;vertical-align:bottom">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom:1pt ;vertical-align:top;text-align:center">(1)&#8201;</td>
<td style=" BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000;vertical-align:bottom">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom:1pt ;vertical-align:top;text-align:center">(1)</td>
<td style=" BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000;vertical-align:bottom">&#160;</td>
<td style="vertical-align:top"/>
<td style=" BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000;vertical-align:bottom">&#160;</td>
<td style="vertical-align:top"/>
<td style=" BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000;vertical-align:bottom">&#160;</td>
<td style="vertical-align:top"/>
<td style=" BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000;vertical-align:bottom">&#160;</td>
<td style="BORDER-RIGHT:0.75pt solid #000000; padding-right:2pt;vertical-align:top">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="font-size:1pt">
<td style="BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000; BORDER-TOP:0.75pt solid #000000; padding-left:8pt;height:0.75pt">&#160;</td>
<td colspan="2" style="BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000; BORDER-TOP:0.75pt solid #000000;height:0.75pt">&#160;</td>
<td colspan="2" style="BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000; BORDER-TOP:0.75pt solid #000000;height:0.75pt">&#160;</td>
<td colspan="2" style="BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000; BORDER-TOP:0.75pt solid #000000;height:0.75pt">&#160;</td>
<td colspan="2" style="BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000; BORDER-TOP:0.75pt solid #000000;height:0.75pt">&#160;</td>
<td colspan="2" style="BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000; BORDER-TOP:0.75pt solid #000000;height:0.75pt">&#160;</td>
<td colspan="2" style="BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000; BORDER-TOP:0.75pt solid #000000;height:0.75pt">&#160;</td>
<td colspan="2" style="BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000; BORDER-TOP:0.75pt solid #000000;height:0.75pt">&#160;</td>
<td colspan="2" style="BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000; BORDER-TOP:0.75pt solid #000000;height:0.75pt">&#160;</td>
<td colspan="2" style="BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000; BORDER-TOP:0.75pt solid #000000;height:0.75pt">&#160;</td>
<td colspan="2" style="BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000; BORDER-TOP:0.75pt solid #000000;height:0.75pt">&#160;</td>
<td colspan="2" style="BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000; BORDER-TOP:0.75pt solid #000000;height:0.75pt">&#160;</td>
<td colspan="2" style="BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000; BORDER-TOP:0.75pt solid #000000; BORDER-RIGHT:0.75pt solid #000000;height:0.75pt">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<td style="BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000; padding-left:8pt;vertical-align:top">&#160;</td>
<td style=" BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000;vertical-align:bottom">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom:1pt ;vertical-align:top;text-align:center"><ix:nonNumeric name="ffd:OfferingSctyTp" contextRef="P05_01_2025To05_01_2025_3TypedMemberffdOfferingAxis" id="ixv-662">Debt</ix:nonNumeric></td>
<td style=" BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000;vertical-align:bottom">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom:1pt ;vertical-align:top;text-align:center"><ix:nonNumeric name="ffd:OfferingSctyTitl" contextRef="P05_01_2025To05_01_2025_3TypedMemberffdOfferingAxis" id="ixv-663">Debt Securities</ix:nonNumeric>&#160;(1)&#8201;</td>
<td style=" BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000;vertical-align:bottom">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom:1pt ;vertical-align:top;text-align:center">Rule 456(b) and&#8201; Rule <ix:nonNumeric name="ffd:Rule457rFlg" contextRef="P05_01_2025To05_01_2025_3TypedMemberffdOfferingAxis" format="ixt:fixed-true" id="ixv-664">457(r)</ix:nonNumeric>&#8201;</td>
<td style=" BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000;vertical-align:bottom">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom:1pt ;vertical-align:top;text-align:center">(2)</td>
<td style=" BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000;vertical-align:bottom">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom:1pt ;vertical-align:top;text-align:center">(2)</td>
<td style=" BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000;vertical-align:bottom">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom:1pt ;vertical-align:top;text-align:center">(2)</td>
<td style=" BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000;vertical-align:bottom">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom:1pt ;vertical-align:top;text-align:center">(1)&#8201;</td>
<td style=" BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000;vertical-align:bottom">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom:1pt ;vertical-align:top;text-align:center">(1)</td>
<td style=" BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000;vertical-align:bottom">&#160;</td>
<td style="vertical-align:top"/>
<td style=" BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000;vertical-align:bottom">&#160;</td>
<td style="vertical-align:top"/>
<td style=" BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000;vertical-align:bottom">&#160;</td>
<td style="vertical-align:top"/>
<td style=" BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000;vertical-align:bottom">&#160;</td>
<td style="BORDER-RIGHT:0.75pt solid #000000; padding-right:2pt;vertical-align:top">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="font-size:1pt">
<td style="BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000; BORDER-TOP:0.75pt solid #000000; padding-left:8pt;height:0.75pt">&#160;</td>
<td colspan="2" style="BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000; BORDER-TOP:0.75pt solid #000000;height:0.75pt">&#160;</td>
<td colspan="2" style="BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000; BORDER-TOP:0.75pt solid #000000;height:0.75pt">&#160;</td>
<td colspan="2" style="BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000; BORDER-TOP:0.75pt solid #000000;height:0.75pt">&#160;</td>
<td colspan="2" style="BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000; BORDER-TOP:0.75pt solid #000000;height:0.75pt">&#160;</td>
<td colspan="2" style="BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000; BORDER-TOP:0.75pt solid #000000;height:0.75pt">&#160;</td>
<td colspan="2" style="BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000; BORDER-TOP:0.75pt solid #000000;height:0.75pt">&#160;</td>
<td colspan="2" style="BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000; BORDER-TOP:0.75pt solid #000000;height:0.75pt">&#160;</td>
<td colspan="2" style="BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000; BORDER-TOP:0.75pt solid #000000;height:0.75pt">&#160;</td>
<td colspan="2" style="BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000; BORDER-TOP:0.75pt solid #000000;height:0.75pt">&#160;</td>
<td colspan="2" style="BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000; BORDER-TOP:0.75pt solid #000000;height:0.75pt">&#160;</td>
<td colspan="2" style="BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000; BORDER-TOP:0.75pt solid #000000;height:0.75pt">&#160;</td>
<td colspan="2" style="BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000; BORDER-TOP:0.75pt solid #000000; BORDER-RIGHT:0.75pt solid #000000;height:0.75pt">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<td style="BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000; padding-left:8pt;vertical-align:top">&#160;</td>
<td style=" BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000;vertical-align:bottom">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom:1pt ;vertical-align:top;text-align:center"><ix:nonNumeric name="ffd:OfferingSctyTp" contextRef="P05_01_2025To05_01_2025_4TypedMemberffdOfferingAxis" id="ixv-665">Other</ix:nonNumeric></td>
<td style=" BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000;vertical-align:bottom">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom:1pt ;vertical-align:top;text-align:center"><ix:nonNumeric name="ffd:OfferingSctyTitl" contextRef="P05_01_2025To05_01_2025_4TypedMemberffdOfferingAxis" id="ixv-666">Warrants</ix:nonNumeric> (1)&#8201;</td>
<td style=" BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000;vertical-align:bottom">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom:1pt ;vertical-align:top;text-align:center">Rule 456(b) and&#8201; Rule <ix:nonNumeric name="ffd:Rule457rFlg" contextRef="P05_01_2025To05_01_2025_4TypedMemberffdOfferingAxis" format="ixt:fixed-true" id="ixv-667">457(r)</ix:nonNumeric>&#8201;</td>
<td style=" BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000;vertical-align:bottom">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom:1pt ;vertical-align:top;text-align:center">(2)</td>
<td style=" BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000;vertical-align:bottom">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom:1pt ;vertical-align:top;text-align:center">(2)</td>
<td style=" BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000;vertical-align:bottom">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom:1pt ;vertical-align:top;text-align:center">(2)</td>
<td style=" BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000;vertical-align:bottom">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom:1pt ;vertical-align:top;text-align:center">(1)&#8201;</td>
<td style=" BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000;vertical-align:bottom">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom:1pt ;vertical-align:top;text-align:center">(1)</td>
<td style=" BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000;vertical-align:bottom">&#160;</td>
<td style="vertical-align:top"/>
<td style=" BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000;vertical-align:bottom">&#160;</td>
<td style="vertical-align:top"/>
<td style=" BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000;vertical-align:bottom">&#160;</td>
<td style="vertical-align:top"/>
<td style=" BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000;vertical-align:bottom">&#160;</td>
<td style="BORDER-RIGHT:0.75pt solid #000000; padding-right:2pt;vertical-align:top">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="font-size:1pt">
<td style="BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000; BORDER-TOP:0.75pt solid #000000; padding-left:8pt;height:0.75pt">&#160;</td>
<td colspan="2" style="BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000; BORDER-TOP:0.75pt solid #000000;height:0.75pt">&#160;</td>
<td colspan="2" style="BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000; BORDER-TOP:0.75pt solid #000000;height:0.75pt">&#160;</td>
<td colspan="2" style="BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000; BORDER-TOP:0.75pt solid #000000;height:0.75pt">&#160;</td>
<td colspan="2" style="BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000; BORDER-TOP:0.75pt solid #000000;height:0.75pt">&#160;</td>
<td colspan="2" style="BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000; BORDER-TOP:0.75pt solid #000000;height:0.75pt">&#160;</td>
<td colspan="2" style="BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000; BORDER-TOP:0.75pt solid #000000;height:0.75pt">&#160;</td>
<td colspan="2" style="BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000; BORDER-TOP:0.75pt solid #000000;height:0.75pt">&#160;</td>
<td colspan="2" style="BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000; BORDER-TOP:0.75pt solid #000000;height:0.75pt">&#160;</td>
<td colspan="2" style="BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000; BORDER-TOP:0.75pt solid #000000;height:0.75pt">&#160;</td>
<td colspan="2" style="BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000; BORDER-TOP:0.75pt solid #000000;height:0.75pt">&#160;</td>
<td colspan="2" style="BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000; BORDER-TOP:0.75pt solid #000000;height:0.75pt">&#160;</td>
<td colspan="2" style="BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000; BORDER-TOP:0.75pt solid #000000; BORDER-RIGHT:0.75pt solid #000000;height:0.75pt">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<td style="BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000; padding-left:8pt;vertical-align:top">&#160;</td>
<td style=" BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000;vertical-align:bottom">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom:1pt ;vertical-align:top;text-align:center"><ix:nonNumeric name="ffd:OfferingSctyTp" contextRef="P05_01_2025To05_01_2025_5TypedMemberffdOfferingAxis" id="ixv-668">Other</ix:nonNumeric></td>
<td style=" BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000;vertical-align:bottom">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom:1pt ;vertical-align:top;text-align:center"><ix:nonNumeric name="ffd:OfferingSctyTitl" contextRef="P05_01_2025To05_01_2025_5TypedMemberffdOfferingAxis" id="ixv-669">Depositary Shares</ix:nonNumeric>&#160;(1) (4)</td>
<td style=" BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000;vertical-align:bottom">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom:1pt ;vertical-align:top;text-align:center">Rule 456(b) and&#8201; Rule <ix:nonNumeric name="ffd:Rule457rFlg" contextRef="P05_01_2025To05_01_2025_5TypedMemberffdOfferingAxis" format="ixt:fixed-true" id="ixv-670">457(r)</ix:nonNumeric>&#8201;</td>
<td style=" BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000;vertical-align:bottom">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom:1pt ;vertical-align:top;text-align:center">(2)</td>
<td style=" BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000;vertical-align:bottom">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom:1pt ;vertical-align:top;text-align:center">(2)</td>
<td style=" BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000;vertical-align:bottom">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom:1pt ;vertical-align:top;text-align:center">(2)</td>
<td style=" BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000;vertical-align:bottom">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom:1pt ;vertical-align:top;text-align:center">(1)&#8201;</td>
<td style=" BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000;vertical-align:bottom">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom:1pt ;vertical-align:top;text-align:center">(1)</td>
<td style=" BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000;vertical-align:bottom">&#160;</td>
<td style="vertical-align:top"/>
<td style=" BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000;vertical-align:bottom">&#160;</td>
<td style="vertical-align:top"/>
<td style=" BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000;vertical-align:bottom">&#160;</td>
<td style="vertical-align:top"/>
<td style=" BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000;vertical-align:bottom">&#160;</td>
<td style="BORDER-RIGHT:0.75pt solid #000000; padding-right:2pt;vertical-align:top">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="font-size:1pt">
<td style="BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000; BORDER-TOP:0.75pt solid #000000; padding-left:8pt;height:0.75pt">&#160;</td>
<td colspan="2" style="BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000; BORDER-TOP:0.75pt solid #000000;height:0.75pt">&#160;</td>
<td colspan="2" style="BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000; BORDER-TOP:0.75pt solid #000000;height:0.75pt">&#160;</td>
<td colspan="2" style="BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000; BORDER-TOP:0.75pt solid #000000;height:0.75pt">&#160;</td>
<td colspan="2" style="BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000; BORDER-TOP:0.75pt solid #000000;height:0.75pt">&#160;</td>
<td colspan="2" style="BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000; BORDER-TOP:0.75pt solid #000000;height:0.75pt">&#160;</td>
<td colspan="2" style="BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000; BORDER-TOP:0.75pt solid #000000;height:0.75pt">&#160;</td>
<td colspan="2" style="BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000; BORDER-TOP:0.75pt solid #000000;height:0.75pt">&#160;</td>
<td colspan="2" style="BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000; BORDER-TOP:0.75pt solid #000000;height:0.75pt">&#160;</td>
<td colspan="2" style="BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000; BORDER-TOP:0.75pt solid #000000;height:0.75pt">&#160;</td>
<td colspan="2" style="BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000; BORDER-TOP:0.75pt solid #000000;height:0.75pt">&#160;</td>
<td colspan="2" style="BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000; BORDER-TOP:0.75pt solid #000000;height:0.75pt">&#160;</td>
<td colspan="2" style="BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000; BORDER-TOP:0.75pt solid #000000; BORDER-RIGHT:0.75pt solid #000000;height:0.75pt">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<td style="padding-bottom:1pt ;BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000; padding-left:8pt;vertical-align:top;text-align:center"><div style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font-size: 10pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; text-align: center; line-height: normal;">Fees Previously&#8201;</div><div style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 1pt; font-size: 10pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; text-align: center; line-height: normal;">Paid</div></td>
<td style=" BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000;vertical-align:bottom">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom:1pt ;vertical-align:top;text-align:center">N/A</td>
<td style=" BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000;vertical-align:bottom">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom:1pt ;vertical-align:top;text-align:center">N/A</td>
<td style=" BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000;vertical-align:bottom">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom:1pt ;vertical-align:top;text-align:center">N/A</td>
<td style=" BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000;vertical-align:bottom">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom:1pt ;vertical-align:top;text-align:center">N/A</td>
<td style=" BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000;vertical-align:bottom">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom:1pt ;vertical-align:top;text-align:center">N/A</td>
<td style=" BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000;vertical-align:bottom">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom:1pt ;vertical-align:top;text-align:center">N/A</td>
<td style=" BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000;vertical-align:bottom">&#160;</td>
<td style="vertical-align:top"/>
<td style=" BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000;vertical-align:bottom">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom:1pt ;vertical-align:top;text-align:center">N/A</td>
<td style=" BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000;vertical-align:bottom">&#160;</td>
<td style="vertical-align:top"/>
<td style=" BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000;vertical-align:bottom">&#160;</td>
<td style="vertical-align:top"/>
<td style=" BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000;vertical-align:bottom">&#160;</td>
<td style="vertical-align:top"/>
<td style=" BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000;vertical-align:bottom">&#160;</td>
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<td style="BORDER-BOTTOM:0.75pt solid #000000;vertical-align:bottom">&#160;</td>
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<td style="BORDER-BOTTOM:0.75pt solid #000000;vertical-align:bottom">&#160;</td>
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<td style="BORDER-BOTTOM:0.75pt solid #000000;vertical-align:bottom">&#160;</td>
<td style=" BORDER-LEFT:0.75pt solid #000000; BORDER-BOTTOM:0.75pt solid #000000;vertical-align:bottom">&#160;</td>
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<td style="width:4%;vertical-align:top;text-align:left">(2)</td>
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<td style="width:4%;vertical-align:top;text-align:left">(4)</td>
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end
</TEXT>
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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>12
<FILENAME>R1.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.25.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="id2">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Submission<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>May 01, 2025</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_SubmissionLineItems', window );"><strong>Submission [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey', window );">Central Index Key</a></td>
<td class="text">0000875045<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityRegistrantName', window );">Registrant Name</a></td>
<td class="text">Biogen Inc.<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_FormTp', window );">Form Type</a></td>
<td class="text">S-3<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_SubmissnTp', window );">Submission Type</a></td>
<td class="text">S-3ASR<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_FeeExhibitTp', window );">Fee Exhibit Type</a></td>
<td class="text">EX-FILING FEES<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>A unique 10-digit SEC-issued value to identify entities that have filed disclosures with the SEC. It is commonly abbreviated as CIK.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityCentralIndexKey</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:centralIndexKeyItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityRegistrantName">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The exact name of the entity filing the report as specified in its charter, which is required by forms filed with the SEC.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityRegistrantName</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_ffd_FeeExhibitTp">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">ffd_FeeExhibitTp</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>ffd_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>ffd:feeExhibitTypeItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_ffd_FormTp">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">ffd_FormTp</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>ffd_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>ffd:submissionTypeItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_ffd_SubmissionLineItems">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">ffd_SubmissionLineItems</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>ffd_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_ffd_SubmissnTp">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">ffd_SubmissnTp</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>ffd_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>ffd:submissionTypeItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.25.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="id2">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Offerings<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>May 01, 2025</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_OfferingAxis=1', window );">Offering: 1</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_OfferingTable', window );"><strong>Offering:</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_PrevslyPdFlg', window );">Fee Previously Paid</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_Rule457rFlg', window );">Rule 457(r)</a></td>
<td class="text">true<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_OfferingSctyTp', window );">Security Type</a></td>
<td class="text">Equity<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_OfferingSctyTitl', window );">Security Class Title</a></td>
<td class="text">Common Stock, par value $0.0005 per share<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_OfferingNote', window );">Offering Note</a></td>
<td class="text">
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="text-align:start; BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt;border-spacing:0;width:100%">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid">
<td style="width:4%;vertical-align:top;text-align:left">(1)</td>
<td style="vertical-align:top;text-align:left"><div style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font-size: 10pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; text-align: left; line-height: normal;">An indeterminate aggregate amount of securities is being registered as may from time to time be offered for sale or sold at indeterminate prices. The Registrant is relying on Rule 456(b) and Rule 457(r) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, to defer payment of all registration fees. Separate consideration may or may not be received for securities that are issuable on exercise, conversion or exchange of other securities. In connection with the securities offered hereby, the Registrant will <div style="white-space: nowrap; letter-spacing: 0px; top: 0px;display:inline;"><div style="white-space:nowrap;display:inline;"><div style="white-space: nowrap; letter-spacing: 0px; top: 0px;display:inline;">pay&#160;&#8220;pay-as-you-go&#160;registration</div></div></div> fees&#8221; in accordance with Rule 456(b). The Registrant will calculate the registration fee applicable to an offer of securities pursuant to this Registration Statement based on the fee payment rate in effect on the date of such fee payment. </div></td></tr></table>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="text-align:start; BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt;border-spacing:0;width:100%">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid">
<td style="width:4%;vertical-align:top;text-align:left">(2)</td>
<td style="vertical-align:top;text-align:left"><div style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font-size: 10pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; text-align: left; line-height: normal;">An indeterminate aggregate amount of securities is being registered as may from time to time be offered for sale or sold at indeterminate prices. In reliance on Rules 456(b) and 457(r) under the Securities Act of 1933, the Registrant is deferring payment of all of the registration fees relating to the registration of securities hereby until such fees become payable in connection with an offering of such securities. </div></td></tr></table> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_OfferingAxis=2', window );">Offering: 2</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_OfferingTable', window );"><strong>Offering:</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_PrevslyPdFlg', window );">Fee Previously Paid</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_Rule457rFlg', window );">Rule 457(r)</a></td>
<td class="text">true<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_OfferingSctyTp', window );">Security Type</a></td>
<td class="text">Equity<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_OfferingSctyTitl', window );">Security Class Title</a></td>
<td class="text">Preferred Stock, par value $0.001 per share<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_OfferingNote', window );">Offering Note</a></td>
<td class="text">
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="text-align:start; BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt;border-spacing:0;width:100%">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid">
<td style="width:4%;vertical-align:top;text-align:left">(1)</td>
<td style="vertical-align:top;text-align:left"><div style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font-size: 10pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; text-align: left; line-height: normal;">An indeterminate aggregate amount of securities is being registered as may from time to time be offered for sale or sold at indeterminate prices. The Registrant is relying on Rule 456(b) and Rule 457(r) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, to defer payment of all registration fees. Separate consideration may or may not be received for securities that are issuable on exercise, conversion or exchange of other securities. In connection with the securities offered hereby, the Registrant will <div style="white-space: nowrap; letter-spacing: 0px; top: 0px;display:inline;"><div style="white-space:nowrap;display:inline;"><div style="white-space: nowrap; letter-spacing: 0px; top: 0px;display:inline;">pay&#160;&#8220;pay-as-you-go&#160;registration</div></div></div> fees&#8221; in accordance with Rule 456(b). The Registrant will calculate the registration fee applicable to an offer of securities pursuant to this Registration Statement based on the fee payment rate in effect on the date of such fee payment. </div></td></tr></table>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="text-align:start; BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt;border-spacing:0;width:100%">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid">
<td style="width:4%;vertical-align:top;text-align:left">(2)</td>
<td style="vertical-align:top;text-align:left"><div style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font-size: 10pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; text-align: left; line-height: normal;">An indeterminate aggregate amount of securities is being registered as may from time to time be offered for sale or sold at indeterminate prices. In reliance on Rules 456(b) and 457(r) under the Securities Act of 1933, the Registrant is deferring payment of all of the registration fees relating to the registration of securities hereby until such fees become payable in connection with an offering of such securities. </div></td></tr></table>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="text-align:start; BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt;border-spacing:0;width:100%">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid">
<td style="width:4%;vertical-align:top;text-align:left">(3)</td>
<td style="vertical-align:top;text-align:left"><div style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font-size: 10pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; text-align: left; line-height: normal;">The preferred stock may be issued from time to time in one or more series. </div></td></tr></table><span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_OfferingAxis=3', window );">Offering: 3</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_OfferingTable', window );"><strong>Offering:</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_PrevslyPdFlg', window );">Fee Previously Paid</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_Rule457rFlg', window );">Rule 457(r)</a></td>
<td class="text">true<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_OfferingSctyTp', window );">Security Type</a></td>
<td class="text">Debt<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_OfferingSctyTitl', window );">Security Class Title</a></td>
<td class="text">Debt Securities<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_OfferingNote', window );">Offering Note</a></td>
<td class="text">
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="text-align:start; BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt;border-spacing:0;width:100%">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid">
<td style="width:4%;vertical-align:top;text-align:left">(1)</td>
<td style="vertical-align:top;text-align:left"><div style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font-size: 10pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; text-align: left; line-height: normal;">An indeterminate aggregate amount of securities is being registered as may from time to time be offered for sale or sold at indeterminate prices. The Registrant is relying on Rule 456(b) and Rule 457(r) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, to defer payment of all registration fees. Separate consideration may or may not be received for securities that are issuable on exercise, conversion or exchange of other securities. In connection with the securities offered hereby, the Registrant will <div style="white-space: nowrap; letter-spacing: 0px; top: 0px;display:inline;"><div style="white-space:nowrap;display:inline;"><div style="white-space: nowrap; letter-spacing: 0px; top: 0px;display:inline;">pay&#160;&#8220;pay-as-you-go&#160;registration</div></div></div> fees&#8221; in accordance with Rule 456(b). The Registrant will calculate the registration fee applicable to an offer of securities pursuant to this Registration Statement based on the fee payment rate in effect on the date of such fee payment. </div></td></tr></table>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="text-align:start; BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt;border-spacing:0;width:100%">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid">
<td style="width:4%;vertical-align:top;text-align:left">(2)</td>
<td style="vertical-align:top;text-align:left"><div style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font-size: 10pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; text-align: left; line-height: normal;">An indeterminate aggregate amount of securities is being registered as may from time to time be offered for sale or sold at indeterminate prices. In reliance on Rules 456(b) and 457(r) under the Securities Act of 1933, the Registrant is deferring payment of all of the registration fees relating to the registration of securities hereby until such fees become payable in connection with an offering of such securities. </div></td></tr></table> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_OfferingAxis=4', window );">Offering: 4</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_OfferingTable', window );"><strong>Offering:</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_PrevslyPdFlg', window );">Fee Previously Paid</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_Rule457rFlg', window );">Rule 457(r)</a></td>
<td class="text">true<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_OfferingSctyTp', window );">Security Type</a></td>
<td class="text">Other<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_OfferingSctyTitl', window );">Security Class Title</a></td>
<td class="text">Warrants<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_OfferingNote', window );">Offering Note</a></td>
<td class="text">
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="text-align:start; BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt;border-spacing:0;width:100%">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid">
<td style="width:4%;vertical-align:top;text-align:left">(1)</td>
<td style="vertical-align:top;text-align:left"><div style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font-size: 10pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; text-align: left; line-height: normal;">An indeterminate aggregate amount of securities is being registered as may from time to time be offered for sale or sold at indeterminate prices. The Registrant is relying on Rule 456(b) and Rule 457(r) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, to defer payment of all registration fees. Separate consideration may or may not be received for securities that are issuable on exercise, conversion or exchange of other securities. In connection with the securities offered hereby, the Registrant will <div style="white-space: nowrap; letter-spacing: 0px; top: 0px;display:inline;"><div style="white-space:nowrap;display:inline;"><div style="white-space: nowrap; letter-spacing: 0px; top: 0px;display:inline;">pay&#160;&#8220;pay-as-you-go&#160;registration</div></div></div> fees&#8221; in accordance with Rule 456(b). The Registrant will calculate the registration fee applicable to an offer of securities pursuant to this Registration Statement based on the fee payment rate in effect on the date of such fee payment. </div></td></tr></table>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="text-align:start; BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt;border-spacing:0;width:100%">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid">
<td style="width:4%;vertical-align:top;text-align:left">(2)</td>
<td style="vertical-align:top;text-align:left"><div style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font-size: 10pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; text-align: left; line-height: normal;">An indeterminate aggregate amount of securities is being registered as may from time to time be offered for sale or sold at indeterminate prices. In reliance on Rules 456(b) and 457(r) under the Securities Act of 1933, the Registrant is deferring payment of all of the registration fees relating to the registration of securities hereby until such fees become payable in connection with an offering of such securities. </div></td></tr></table> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_OfferingAxis=5', window );">Offering: 5</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_OfferingTable', window );"><strong>Offering:</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_PrevslyPdFlg', window );">Fee Previously Paid</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
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<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_Rule457rFlg', window );">Rule 457(r)</a></td>
<td class="text">true<span></span>
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<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_OfferingSctyTp', window );">Security Type</a></td>
<td class="text">Other<span></span>
</td>
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<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_OfferingSctyTitl', window );">Security Class Title</a></td>
<td class="text">Depositary Shares<span></span>
</td>
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<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_OfferingNote', window );">Offering Note</a></td>
<td class="text">
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="text-align:start; BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt;border-spacing:0;width:100%">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid">
<td style="width:4%;vertical-align:top;text-align:left">(1)</td>
<td style="vertical-align:top;text-align:left"><div style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font-size: 10pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; text-align: left; line-height: normal;">An indeterminate aggregate amount of securities is being registered as may from time to time be offered for sale or sold at indeterminate prices. The Registrant is relying on Rule 456(b) and Rule 457(r) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, to defer payment of all registration fees. Separate consideration may or may not be received for securities that are issuable on exercise, conversion or exchange of other securities. In connection with the securities offered hereby, the Registrant will <div style="white-space: nowrap; letter-spacing: 0px; top: 0px;display:inline;"><div style="white-space:nowrap;display:inline;"><div style="white-space: nowrap; letter-spacing: 0px; top: 0px;display:inline;">pay&#160;&#8220;pay-as-you-go&#160;registration</div></div></div> fees&#8221; in accordance with Rule 456(b). The Registrant will calculate the registration fee applicable to an offer of securities pursuant to this Registration Statement based on the fee payment rate in effect on the date of such fee payment. </div></td></tr></table>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="text-align:start; BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt;border-spacing:0;width:100%">
<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid">
<td style="width:4%;vertical-align:top;text-align:left">(2)</td>
<td style="vertical-align:top;text-align:left"><div style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font-size: 10pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; text-align: left; line-height: normal;">An indeterminate aggregate amount of securities is being registered as may from time to time be offered for sale or sold at indeterminate prices. In reliance on Rules 456(b) and 457(r) under the Securities Act of 1933, the Registrant is deferring payment of all of the registration fees relating to the registration of securities hereby until such fees become payable in connection with an offering of such securities. </div></td></tr></table>
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<tr style="page-break-inside:avoid">
<td style="width:4%;vertical-align:top;text-align:left">(4)</td>
<td style="vertical-align:top;text-align:left"><div style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font-size: 10pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; text-align: left; line-height: normal;">Each depositary share will be issued under a deposit agreement and will be evidenced by a depositary receipt. </div></td></tr></table><span></span>
</td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_ffd_OfferingNote">
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Securities Act<br> -Number 230<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
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<td style="white-space:nowrap;">ffd_OfferingNote</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The title of the class of securities being registered (for each class being registered).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Securities Act<br> -Number 230<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">ffd_OfferingSctyTitl</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>ffd_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>ffd:securityTitleItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Type of securities: "Asset-backed Securities", "ADRs/ADSs", "Debt", "Debt Convertible into Equity", "Equity", "Face Amount Certificates", "Limited Partnership Interests", "Mortgage Backed Securities", "Non-Convertible Debt", "Unallocated (Universal) Shelf", "Exchange Traded Vehicle Securities", "Other"</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Securities Act<br> -Number 230<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">ffd_OfferingSctyTp</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Securities Act<br> -Number 230<br> -Section 457<br> -Subsection r<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">ffd_OfferingAxis=2</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">ffd_OfferingAxis=3</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_ffd_OfferingAxis=4">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">ffd_OfferingAxis=4</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">ffd_OfferingAxis=5</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.25.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="id2">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Fees Summary<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th">
<div>May 01, 2025 </div>
<div>USD ($)</div>
</th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_FeesSummaryLineItems', window );"><strong>Fees Summary [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
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<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_TtlOfferingAmt', window );">Total Offering</a></td>
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<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_TtlPrevslyPdAmt', window );">Previously Paid Amount</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
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<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_TtlFeeAmt', window );">Total Fee Amount</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_TtlOffsetAmt', window );">Total Offset Amount</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
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<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ffd_NetFeeAmt', window );">Net Fee</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 0<span></span>
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</tr>
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<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_ffd_FeesSummaryLineItems">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Securities Act<br> -Number 230<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">ffd_FeesSummaryLineItems</td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Securities Act<br> -Number 230<br></p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Securities Act<br> -Number 230<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Securities Act<br> -Number 230<br></p></div>
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&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="text-align:start; BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt;border-spacing:0;width:100%"&gt;
&lt;tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"&gt;
&lt;td style="width:4%;vertical-align:top;text-align:left"&gt;(1)&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="vertical-align:top;text-align:left"&gt;&lt;div style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font-size: 10pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; text-align: left; line-height: normal;"&gt;An indeterminate aggregate amount of securities is being registered as may from time to time be offered for sale or sold at indeterminate prices. The Registrant is relying on Rule 456(b) and Rule 457(r) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, to defer payment of all registration fees. Separate consideration may or may not be received for securities that are issuable on exercise, conversion or exchange of other securities. In connection with the securities offered hereby, the Registrant will &lt;div style="white-space: nowrap; letter-spacing: 0px; top: 0px;display:inline;"&gt;&lt;div style="white-space:nowrap;display:inline;"&gt;&lt;div style="white-space: nowrap; letter-spacing: 0px; top: 0px;display:inline;"&gt;pay&#160;&#x201c;pay-as-you-go&#160;registration&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt; fees&#x201d; in accordance with Rule 456(b). The Registrant will calculate the registration fee applicable to an offer of securities pursuant to this Registration Statement based on the fee payment rate in effect on the date of such fee payment. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="text-align:start; BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt;border-spacing:0;width:100%"&gt;
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&lt;td style="width:4%;vertical-align:top;text-align:left"&gt;(2)&lt;/td&gt;
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&lt;tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"&gt;
&lt;td style="width:4%;vertical-align:top;text-align:left"&gt;(1)&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="vertical-align:top;text-align:left"&gt;&lt;div style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font-size: 10pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; text-align: left; line-height: normal;"&gt;An indeterminate aggregate amount of securities is being registered as may from time to time be offered for sale or sold at indeterminate prices. The Registrant is relying on Rule 456(b) and Rule 457(r) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, to defer payment of all registration fees. Separate consideration may or may not be received for securities that are issuable on exercise, conversion or exchange of other securities. In connection with the securities offered hereby, the Registrant will &lt;div style="white-space: nowrap; letter-spacing: 0px; top: 0px;display:inline;"&gt;&lt;div style="white-space:nowrap;display:inline;"&gt;&lt;div style="white-space: nowrap; letter-spacing: 0px; top: 0px;display:inline;"&gt;pay&#160;&#x201c;pay-as-you-go&#160;registration&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt; fees&#x201d; in accordance with Rule 456(b). The Registrant will calculate the registration fee applicable to an offer of securities pursuant to this Registration Statement based on the fee payment rate in effect on the date of such fee payment. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="text-align:start; BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt;border-spacing:0;width:100%"&gt;
&lt;tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"&gt;
&lt;td style="width:4%;vertical-align:top;text-align:left"&gt;(2)&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="vertical-align:top;text-align:left"&gt;&lt;div style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font-size: 10pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; text-align: left; line-height: normal;"&gt;An indeterminate aggregate amount of securities is being registered as may from time to time be offered for sale or sold at indeterminate prices. In reliance on Rules 456(b) and 457(r) under the Securities Act of 1933, the Registrant is deferring payment of all of the registration fees relating to the registration of securities hereby until such fees become payable in connection with an offering of such securities. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="text-align:start; BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt;border-spacing:0;width:100%"&gt;
&lt;tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"&gt;
&lt;td style="width:4%;vertical-align:top;text-align:left"&gt;(3)&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="vertical-align:top;text-align:left"&gt;&lt;div style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font-size: 10pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; text-align: left; line-height: normal;"&gt;The preferred stock may be issued from time to time in one or more series. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;</ffd:OfferingNote>
    <ffd:OfferingNote
      contextRef="P05_01_2025To05_01_2025_3TypedMemberffdOfferingAxis"
      id="ixv-555">
&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="text-align:start; BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt;border-spacing:0;width:100%"&gt;
&lt;tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"&gt;
&lt;td style="width:4%;vertical-align:top;text-align:left"&gt;(1)&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="vertical-align:top;text-align:left"&gt;&lt;div style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font-size: 10pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; text-align: left; line-height: normal;"&gt;An indeterminate aggregate amount of securities is being registered as may from time to time be offered for sale or sold at indeterminate prices. The Registrant is relying on Rule 456(b) and Rule 457(r) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, to defer payment of all registration fees. Separate consideration may or may not be received for securities that are issuable on exercise, conversion or exchange of other securities. In connection with the securities offered hereby, the Registrant will &lt;div style="white-space: nowrap; letter-spacing: 0px; top: 0px;display:inline;"&gt;&lt;div style="white-space:nowrap;display:inline;"&gt;&lt;div style="white-space: nowrap; letter-spacing: 0px; top: 0px;display:inline;"&gt;pay&#160;&#x201c;pay-as-you-go&#160;registration&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt; fees&#x201d; in accordance with Rule 456(b). The Registrant will calculate the registration fee applicable to an offer of securities pursuant to this Registration Statement based on the fee payment rate in effect on the date of such fee payment. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="text-align:start; BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt;border-spacing:0;width:100%"&gt;
&lt;tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"&gt;
&lt;td style="width:4%;vertical-align:top;text-align:left"&gt;(2)&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="vertical-align:top;text-align:left"&gt;&lt;div style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font-size: 10pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; text-align: left; line-height: normal;"&gt;An indeterminate aggregate amount of securities is being registered as may from time to time be offered for sale or sold at indeterminate prices. In reliance on Rules 456(b) and 457(r) under the Securities Act of 1933, the Registrant is deferring payment of all of the registration fees relating to the registration of securities hereby until such fees become payable in connection with an offering of such securities. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt; </ffd:OfferingNote>
    <ffd:OfferingNote
      contextRef="P05_01_2025To05_01_2025_4TypedMemberffdOfferingAxis"
      id="ixv-556">
&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="text-align:start; BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt;border-spacing:0;width:100%"&gt;
&lt;tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"&gt;
&lt;td style="width:4%;vertical-align:top;text-align:left"&gt;(1)&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="vertical-align:top;text-align:left"&gt;&lt;div style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font-size: 10pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; text-align: left; line-height: normal;"&gt;An indeterminate aggregate amount of securities is being registered as may from time to time be offered for sale or sold at indeterminate prices. The Registrant is relying on Rule 456(b) and Rule 457(r) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, to defer payment of all registration fees. Separate consideration may or may not be received for securities that are issuable on exercise, conversion or exchange of other securities. In connection with the securities offered hereby, the Registrant will &lt;div style="white-space: nowrap; letter-spacing: 0px; top: 0px;display:inline;"&gt;&lt;div style="white-space:nowrap;display:inline;"&gt;&lt;div style="white-space: nowrap; letter-spacing: 0px; top: 0px;display:inline;"&gt;pay&#160;&#x201c;pay-as-you-go&#160;registration&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt; fees&#x201d; in accordance with Rule 456(b). The Registrant will calculate the registration fee applicable to an offer of securities pursuant to this Registration Statement based on the fee payment rate in effect on the date of such fee payment. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="text-align:start; BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt;border-spacing:0;width:100%"&gt;
&lt;tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"&gt;
&lt;td style="width:4%;vertical-align:top;text-align:left"&gt;(2)&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="vertical-align:top;text-align:left"&gt;&lt;div style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font-size: 10pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; text-align: left; line-height: normal;"&gt;An indeterminate aggregate amount of securities is being registered as may from time to time be offered for sale or sold at indeterminate prices. In reliance on Rules 456(b) and 457(r) under the Securities Act of 1933, the Registrant is deferring payment of all of the registration fees relating to the registration of securities hereby until such fees become payable in connection with an offering of such securities. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt; </ffd:OfferingNote>
    <ffd:OfferingNote
      contextRef="P05_01_2025To05_01_2025_5TypedMemberffdOfferingAxis"
      id="ixv-557">
&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="text-align:start; BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt;border-spacing:0;width:100%"&gt;
&lt;tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"&gt;
&lt;td style="width:4%;vertical-align:top;text-align:left"&gt;(1)&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="vertical-align:top;text-align:left"&gt;&lt;div style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font-size: 10pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; text-align: left; line-height: normal;"&gt;An indeterminate aggregate amount of securities is being registered as may from time to time be offered for sale or sold at indeterminate prices. The Registrant is relying on Rule 456(b) and Rule 457(r) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, to defer payment of all registration fees. Separate consideration may or may not be received for securities that are issuable on exercise, conversion or exchange of other securities. In connection with the securities offered hereby, the Registrant will &lt;div style="white-space: nowrap; letter-spacing: 0px; top: 0px;display:inline;"&gt;&lt;div style="white-space:nowrap;display:inline;"&gt;&lt;div style="white-space: nowrap; letter-spacing: 0px; top: 0px;display:inline;"&gt;pay&#160;&#x201c;pay-as-you-go&#160;registration&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt; fees&#x201d; in accordance with Rule 456(b). The Registrant will calculate the registration fee applicable to an offer of securities pursuant to this Registration Statement based on the fee payment rate in effect on the date of such fee payment. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="text-align:start; BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt;border-spacing:0;width:100%"&gt;
&lt;tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"&gt;
&lt;td style="width:4%;vertical-align:top;text-align:left"&gt;(2)&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="vertical-align:top;text-align:left"&gt;&lt;div style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font-size: 10pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; text-align: left; line-height: normal;"&gt;An indeterminate aggregate amount of securities is being registered as may from time to time be offered for sale or sold at indeterminate prices. In reliance on Rules 456(b) and 457(r) under the Securities Act of 1933, the Registrant is deferring payment of all of the registration fees relating to the registration of securities hereby until such fees become payable in connection with an offering of such securities. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="text-align:start; BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt;border-spacing:0;width:100%"&gt;
&lt;tr style="page-break-inside:avoid"&gt;
&lt;td style="width:4%;vertical-align:top;text-align:left"&gt;(4)&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="vertical-align:top;text-align:left"&gt;&lt;div style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font-size: 10pt; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;; text-align: left; line-height: normal;"&gt;Each depositary share will be issued under a deposit agreement and will be evidenced by a depositary receipt. &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;</ffd:OfferingNote>
</xbrl>
</XML>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
</SEC-DOCUMENT>
