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Goodwill and Intangible Assets (Tables) | 9 Months Ended
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Sep. 30, 2021
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract] |
Schedule of changes to the carrying amount of goodwill by reporting unit | The table below presents changes to the carrying amount of goodwill by segment during the nine months ended September 30, 2021 (in thousands).
| Research |  | Conferences |  | Consulting |  | Total
Balance at December 31, 2020 (1) | $ | 2,664,732 |  |  | $ | 184,091 |  |  | $ | 96,724 |  |  | $ | 2,945,547 |
Additions due to an acquisition (2) | 11,045 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 11,045 |
Foreign currency translation impact | (3,510) |  |  | (44) |  |  | (111) |  |  | (3,665) |
Balance at September 30, 2021 (1) | $ | 2,672,267 |  |  | $ | 184,047 |  |  | $ | 96,613 |  |  | $ | 2,952,927 |
(1)The Company does not have any accumulated goodwill impairment losses. (2)The additions were due to the acquisition of Pulse on June 17, 2021. See Note 2 — Acquisition for additional information.
Schedule of amortizable intangible assets | The tables below present reconciliations of the carrying amounts of the Company’s finite-lived intangible assets as of the dates indicated (in thousands).
September 30, 2021 |  | Customer Relationships |  | Software |  | Content |  | Other |  | Total
Gross cost at December 31, 2020 |  | $ | 1,154,210 |  |  | $ | 110,597 |  |  | $ | 3,965 |  |  | $ | 10,614 |  |  | $ | 1,279,386 |
Additions due to an acquisition (1) |  | 7,980 |  |  | 11,200 |  |  | — |  |  | 320 |  |  | 19,500 |
Intangible assets fully amortized |  | (24,603) |  |  | (60,631) |  |  | (3,965) |  |  | (320) |  |  | (89,519) |
Foreign currency translation impact |  | 1,271 |  |  | 130 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,401 |
Gross cost |  | 1,138,858 |  |  | 61,296 |  |  | — |  |  | 10,614 |  |  | 1,210,768 |
Accumulated amortization (2) |  | (429,234) |  |  | (33,058) |  |  | — |  |  | (4,526) |  |  | (466,818) |
Balance at September 30, 2021 |  | $ | 709,624 |  |  | $ | 28,238 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 6,088 |  |  | $ | 743,950 |
December 31, 2020 |  | Customer Relationships |  | Software |  | Content |  | Other |  | Total
Gross cost |  | $ | 1,154,210 |  |  | $ | 110,597 |  |  | $ | 3,965 |  |  | $ | 10,614 |  |  | $ | 1,279,386 |
Accumulated amortization (2) |  | (381,776) |  |  | (83,320) |  |  | (3,595) |  |  | (3,697) |  |  | (472,388) |
Balance at December 31, 2020 |  | $ | 772,434 |  |  | $ | 27,277 |  |  | $ | 370 |  |  | $ | 6,917 |  |  | $ | 806,998 |
(1) The additions were due to the acquisition of Pulse on June 17, 2021. See Note 2 — Acquisition for additional information. (2) Finite-lived intangible assets are amortized using the straight-line method over the following periods: Customer relationships—6 to 13 years; Software—3 to 7 years; Content—2 to 3 years; and Other—2 to 11 years.
Schedule of estimated future amortization expense by year | The estimated future amortization expense by year for finite-lived intangible assets is presented in the table below (in thousands).
2021 (remaining three months) | $ | 25,311 |
2022 | 101,244 |
2023 | 101,229 |
2024 | 94,027 |
2025 | 83,491 |
Thereafter | 338,648 |
| $ | 743,950 |

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