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Stock-Based Compensation (Tables) | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2022
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items] |
Schedule of stock-based compensation expense by award type | The tables below summarize the Company’s stock-based compensation expense by award type and expense category line item during the years ended December 31 (in millions).
Award type |  | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2020
Stock appreciation rights |  | $ | 8.8 |  |  | $ | 8.2 |  |  | $ | 7.8 |
Restricted stock units (1) |  | 81.0 |  |  | 89.6 |  |  | 54.1 |
Common stock equivalents |  | 0.8 |  |  | 0.8 |  |  | 0.7 |
Total (2) |  | $ | 90.6 |  |  | $ | 98.6 |  |  | $ | 62.6 |
Schedule of stock-based compensation expense by expense category |
Expense category line item |  | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2020
Cost of services and product development |  | $ | 32.7 |  |  | $ | 35.0 |  |  | $ | 29.7 |
Selling, general and administrative |  | 57.9 |  |  | 63.6 |  |  | 32.9 |
Total (1) (2) |  | $ | 90.6 |  |  | $ | 98.6 |  |  | $ | 62.6 |
(1)On February 5, 2020, prior to the COVID-19 related shutdown in the U.S., the Compensation Committee (“Committee”) of the Board of Directors of the Company established performance measures for the performance-based restricted stock units (the “PSUs”) awarded to the Company’s executive officers in 2020 under the Plan. Based on preliminary corporate performance results for the 2020 performance measures, the 2020 PSUs would have been earned at 50% of target. However, on February 3, 2021, the Committee determined to use its discretion under the Plan to approve a payout at 95% of target. In deciding to exercise this discretion to adjust the performance-based RSU payout, the Committee considered the Company’s strong overall performance in 2020 despite the significant negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. As a result of the modification, the Company recognized $6.5 million of incremental compensation cost during the year ended December 31, 2021. (2)Includes charges of $32.2 million, $41.2 million and $17.9 million during 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively, for awards to retirement-eligible employees. Those awards vest on an accelerated basis.
Schedule of fair value assumptions of SARS | The fair value of a SARs award is determined on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes-Merton valuation model with the following weighted average assumptions for the years ended December 31:
| 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2020
Expected dividend yield (1) | — | % |  | — | % |  | — | %
Expected stock price volatility (2) | 33 | % |  | 31 | % |  | 23 | %
Risk-free interest rate (3) | 1.8 | % |  | 0.4 | % |  | 1.5 | %
Expected life in years (4) | 4.59 |  | 4.74 |  | 4.68
(1)The expected dividend yield assumption was based on both the Company’s historical and anticipated dividend payouts. Historically, the Company has not paid cash dividends on its Common Stock. (2)The determination of expected stock price volatility was based on both historical Common Stock prices and implied volatility from publicly traded options in the Common Stock. (3)The risk-free interest rate was based on the yield of a U.S. Treasury security with a maturity similar to the expected life of the award. (4)The expected life represents the Company’s estimate of the weighted average period of time the SARs are expected to be outstanding (that is, the period between the service inception date and the expected exercise date).
Stock Appreciation Rights (SARs) |
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items] |
Schedule of summary of the changes in SARS, RSUs, and CSEs outstanding | The table below summarizes changes in SARs outstanding during the year ended December 31, 2022.
| Units of SARs (in millions) |  | Per Share Weighted Average Exercise Price |  | Per Share Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value |  | Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (Years)
Outstanding at December 31, 2021 | 0.8 |  |  | $ | 145.36 |  |  | $ | 34.72 |  |  | 4.45
Granted | 0.1 |  |  | 302.90 |  |  | 92.56 |  |  | 6.11
Exercised | (0.1) |  |  | 124.20 |  |  | 28.26 |  |  | n/a
Outstanding at December 31, 2022 (1) (2) | 0.8 |  |  | $ | 168.16 |  |  | $ | 42.99 |  |  | 3.89
Vested and exercisable at December 31, 2022 (2) | 0.4 |  |  | $ | 135.43 |  |  | $ | 31.36 |  |  | 2.97
n/a = not applicable (1)As of December 31, 2022, 0.4 million of the total SARs outstanding were unvested. The Company expects that substantially all of those unvested awards will vest in future periods. (2)As of December 31, 2022, the total SARs outstanding had an intrinsic value of $140.5 million. On such date, SARs vested and exercisable had an intrinsic value of $86.4 million.
Restricted Stock Units (RSUs) |
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items] |
Schedule of summary of the changes in SARS, RSUs, and CSEs outstanding | The table below summarizes the changes in RSUs outstanding during the year ended December 31, 2022.
| Units of RSUs (in millions) |  | Per Share Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Outstanding at December 31, 2021 | 1.1 |  |  | $ | 160.04 |
Granted (1) | 0.5 |  |  | 301.38 |
Vested and released | (0.5) |  |  | 152.13 |
Forfeited | (0.1) |  |  | 195.86 |
Outstanding at December 31, 2022 (2) (3) | 1.0 |  |  | $ | 211.25 |
(1)The 0.5 million of RSUs granted during 2022 consisted of 0.2 million of performance-based RSUs awarded to executives and 0.3 million of service-based RSUs awarded to non-executive employees and non-management board members. The performance-based awards include RSUs in final adjustments of 2021 grants and approximately 0.1 million of RSUs representing the target amount of the grant for 2022 that is tied to an increase in Gartner’s contract value for such year. The number of performance-based RSUs for 2022 that holders could receive ranges from 0% to 200% of the target amount based on the extent to which the corresponding performance goals have been achieved and subject to certain other conditions. Any adjustments in the number of performance-based RSUs under the 2022 grant will be made in 2023. (2)The Company expects that substantially all of the RSUs outstanding will vest in future periods. (3)As of December 31, 2022, the weighted average remaining contractual term of the RSUs outstanding was approximately 1.1 years.
Common Stock Equivalents |
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items] |
Schedule of summary of the changes in SARS, RSUs, and CSEs outstanding | The table below summarizes the changes in CSEs outstanding during the year ended December 31, 2022.
| Units of CSEs |  | Per Share Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Outstanding at December 31, 2021 | 114,318 |  |  | $ | 31.15 |
Granted | 2,641 |  |  | 287.83 |
Converted to shares of Common Stock upon grant | (1,680) |  |  | 283.58 |
Outstanding at December 31, 2022 | 115,279 |  |  | $ | 33.35 |

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- Definition Tabular disclosure of the number and weighted-average exercise prices (or conversion ratios) for stock appreciation rights awards that were outstanding at the beginning and end of the year, and the number of stock appreciation rights awards that were granted, exercised or converted, forfeited, and expired during the year. + References Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 718 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 2 -Subparagraph (c)(1) -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=128089324&loc=d3e5070-113901 + Details
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