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Leases | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2022
Leases [Abstract] |
Leases | Leases The Company’s leasing activities are primarily for facilities under cancelable and non-cancelable lease agreements expiring during 2023 and through 2038. These facilities support the Company’s executive and administrative activities, research and consulting, sales, systems support, operations, and other functions. The Company also has leases for office equipment and other assets, which are not significant. Certain of the Company’s lease agreements include (i) renewal options to extend the lease term for up to ten years and/or (ii) options to terminate the agreement within one year. Additionally, certain of the Company’s lease agreements provide standard recurring escalations of lease payments for, among other things, increases in a lessor’s maintenance costs and taxes. Under some lease agreements, the Company may be entitled to allowances, free rent, lessor-financed tenant improvements and other incentives. The Company’s lease agreements do not contain any material residual value guarantees or material restrictive covenants. The Company subleases certain office space that it does not intend to occupy. Such sublease arrangements expire during 2023 and through 2032 and primarily relate to facilities in Arlington, Virginia. Certain of the Company’s sublease agreements: (i) include renewal and termination options; (ii) provide for customary escalations of lease payments in the normal course of business; and (iii) grant the subtenant certain allowances, free rent, Gartner-financed tenant improvements and other incentives. Lease Accounting under ASC 842 Under ASC 842, a lease is a contract or an agreement, or a part of another arrangement, between two or more parties that, at its inception, creates enforceable rights and obligations that conveys the right to control the use of identified property, plant or equipment for a period of time in exchange for consideration. Right-of-use assets represent a right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and the related lease liability represents an obligation to make lease payments pursuant to the contractual terms of the lease agreement. Right-of-use assets and lease liabilities are initially recognized on the lease commencement date based on the present value of the lease payments over the lease term. For all of the Company’s facilities leases, the Company accounts for both lease components and nonlease components (e.g., common area maintenance charges, etc.) as a single lease component when determining the present value of the Company’s lease payments. Variable lease payments that are not dependent on an index or a rate are excluded from the determination of right-of-use assets and lease liabilities and such payments are recognized as expense in the period when the related obligation is incurred. The Company’s lease agreements do not provide implicit interest rates. Instead, the Company uses an incremental borrowing rate determined on the lease commencement date to calculate the present value of future lease payments. The incremental borrowing rate is calculated for each individual lease and represents the rate of interest that the Company would have to pay to borrow on a collateralized basis (in the currency that the lease is denominated) over a similar term an amount equal to the lease payments in a similar economic environment. Right-of-use assets also include any initial direct costs incurred by the Company and lease payments made to a lessor on or before the related lease commencement date, less any lease incentives received directly from the lessor. Certain of the Company’s facility lease agreements include options to extend or terminate the lease. When it is reasonably certain that the Company will exercise a renewal or termination option, the present value of the lease payments for the affected lease is adjusted accordingly. Leases with a term of twelve months or less are accounted for in the same manner as long-term lease arrangements, including any related disclosures. Lease expense for operating leases is generally recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term, unless the related right-of-use asset was previously impaired. All of the Company’s existing sublease arrangements have been classified as operating leases with sublease income recognized on a straight-line basis over the term of the sublease arrangement. To measure the Company’s periodic sublease income, the Company elected to use a practical expedient under ASC 842 to aggregate nonlease components with the related lease components when (i) the timing and pattern of transfer for the nonlease components and the related lease components are the same and (ii) the lease components, if accounted for separately, would be classified as an operating lease. This practical expedient applies to all of the Company’s existing sublease arrangements. When the projected lease cost for the term of a sublease exceeds the anticipated sublease income for that same period, the Company treats that circumstance as an indicator that the carrying amount of the related right-of-use asset may not be fully recoverable. In those situations, the Company performs an impairment analysis and, if indicated, the Company records a charge against earnings to reduce the right-of-use asset to the amount deemed to be recoverable in the future. On the Consolidated Balance Sheet, right-of-use assets are classified and reported in Operating lease right-of-use assets, and the related lease liabilities are included in Accounts payable and accrued liabilities (current) and Operating lease liabilities (long-term). On the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows, the reduction in the carrying amount of right-of-use assets is presented separately and the change in operating lease liabilities is included under Accounts payable and accrued and other liabilities in the reconciliation of net income to cash provided by operating activities. All of the Company’s leasing and subleasing activities are recognized in Selling, general and administrative expense in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. The table below presents the Company’s net lease cost and certain other information related to the Company’s leasing activities as of and for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 (dollars in thousands).
|  | Year Ended December 31,
Description |  | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2020
Operating lease cost (1) |  | $ | 117,750 |  |  | $ | 130,383 |  |  | $ | 140,829 |
Variable lease cost (2) |  | 15,209 |  |  | 17,940 |  |  | 17,463 |
Sublease income |  | (46,698) |  |  | (42,801) |  |  | (38,925) |
Total lease cost, net (3) (4) |  | $ | 86,261 |  |  | $ | 105,522 |  |  | $ | 119,367 |
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of operating lease liabilities |  | $ | 137,399 |  |  | $ | 140,571 |  |  | $ | 137,790 |
Cash receipts from sublease arrangements |  | $ | 46,159 |  |  | $ | 42,374 |  |  | $ | 38,565 |
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities |  | $ | 20,597 |  |  | $ | 33,113 |  |  | $ | 27,258 |
As of December 31, |  | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2020
Weighted average remaining lease term for operating leases (in years) |  | 7.9 |  | 8.7 |  | 9.6
Weighted average discount rate for operating leases |  | 6.6 | % |  | 6.5 | % |  | 6.6 | %
(1)Included in operating lease cost was $41.9 million, $42.3 million and $42.2 million of costs for subleasing activities during 2022, 2021, and 2020 respectively. (2)These amounts are primarily variable lease and nonlease costs that were not fixed at the lease commencement date or are dependent on something other than an index or a rate. (3)The Company did not capitalize any initial direct costs for operating leases during 2022, 2021, or 2020. (4)Amount excludes impairment charges of $54.0 million and $49.5 million, for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, as discussed below. As of December 31, 2022, the (i) maturities of operating lease liabilities under non-cancelable arrangements and (ii) estimated future sublease cash receipts from non-cancelable arrangements were as follows (in thousands):
|  | Operating |  | Sublease
|  | Lease |  | Cash
Period ending December 31, |  | Payments |  | Receipts
2023 |  | $ | 142,251 |  |  | $ | 52,286 |
2024 |  | 130,395 |  |  | 42,906 |
2025 |  | 114,233 |  |  | 43,226 |
2026 |  | 111,257 |  |  | 44,008 |
2027 |  | 107,228 |  |  | 44,889 |
Thereafter |  | 299,612 |  |  | 25,022 |
Total future minimum operating lease payments and estimated sublease cash receipts (1) |  | 904,976 |  |  | $ | 252,337 |
Imputed interest |  | (207,992) |  |  |
Total operating lease liabilities per the Consolidated Balance Sheet |  | $ | 696,984 |  |  |
(1)Approximately 80% of the operating lease payments pertain to properties in the United States. The table below indicates where the discounted operating lease payments from the above table are classified in the Consolidated Balance Sheet (in thousands).
|  | December 31,
Description |  | 2022 |  | 2021
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities |  | $ | 99,717 |  |  | $ | 89,754 |
Operating lease liabilities |  | 597,267 |  |  | 697,766 |
Total operating lease liabilities per the Consolidated Balance Sheet |  | $ | 696,984 |  |  | $ | 787,520 |
During the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, as a result and in consideration of the changing nature of the Company’s use of office space for its workforce and the transitioning to a virtual-first hybrid, remote-work environment, the Company evaluated its existing real estate lease portfolio. This evaluation included the decision to abandon certain leased office spaces and the cease-use of certain other leased office spaces that the Company intends to sublease. In connection with this evaluation, the Company reviewed certain of its right-of-use assets and related other long-lived assets for impairment under ASC 360. As a result of the evaluation, the Company recognized an impairment loss of $54.0 million and $49.5 million during the years ended December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively, which is included as a component of Selling, general and administrative expenses in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations. The impairment loss for the year ended December 31, 2022 includes $40.7 million related to right-of-use assets, and $13.3 million related to other long-lived assets, primarily leasehold improvements. The impairment loss for the fourth quarter of the year ended December 31, 2021 includes $50.9 million related to right-of-use assets, $17.9 million related to other long-lived assets, primarily leasehold improvements and a $19.3 million reduction in lease liabilities. The fair values for the asset groups relating to the impaired long-lived assets were estimated primarily using discounted cash flow models (income approach) with Level 3 inputs. The significant assumptions used in estimating fair value include the expected downtime prior to the commencement of future subleases, projected sublease income over the remaining lease periods and discount rates that reflect the level of risk associated with receiving future cash flows.
Leases | Leases The Company’s leasing activities are primarily for facilities under cancelable and non-cancelable lease agreements expiring during 2023 and through 2038. These facilities support the Company’s executive and administrative activities, research and consulting, sales, systems support, operations, and other functions. The Company also has leases for office equipment and other assets, which are not significant. Certain of the Company’s lease agreements include (i) renewal options to extend the lease term for up to ten years and/or (ii) options to terminate the agreement within one year. Additionally, certain of the Company’s lease agreements provide standard recurring escalations of lease payments for, among other things, increases in a lessor’s maintenance costs and taxes. Under some lease agreements, the Company may be entitled to allowances, free rent, lessor-financed tenant improvements and other incentives. The Company’s lease agreements do not contain any material residual value guarantees or material restrictive covenants. The Company subleases certain office space that it does not intend to occupy. Such sublease arrangements expire during 2023 and through 2032 and primarily relate to facilities in Arlington, Virginia. Certain of the Company’s sublease agreements: (i) include renewal and termination options; (ii) provide for customary escalations of lease payments in the normal course of business; and (iii) grant the subtenant certain allowances, free rent, Gartner-financed tenant improvements and other incentives. Lease Accounting under ASC 842 Under ASC 842, a lease is a contract or an agreement, or a part of another arrangement, between two or more parties that, at its inception, creates enforceable rights and obligations that conveys the right to control the use of identified property, plant or equipment for a period of time in exchange for consideration. Right-of-use assets represent a right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and the related lease liability represents an obligation to make lease payments pursuant to the contractual terms of the lease agreement. Right-of-use assets and lease liabilities are initially recognized on the lease commencement date based on the present value of the lease payments over the lease term. For all of the Company’s facilities leases, the Company accounts for both lease components and nonlease components (e.g., common area maintenance charges, etc.) as a single lease component when determining the present value of the Company’s lease payments. Variable lease payments that are not dependent on an index or a rate are excluded from the determination of right-of-use assets and lease liabilities and such payments are recognized as expense in the period when the related obligation is incurred. The Company’s lease agreements do not provide implicit interest rates. Instead, the Company uses an incremental borrowing rate determined on the lease commencement date to calculate the present value of future lease payments. The incremental borrowing rate is calculated for each individual lease and represents the rate of interest that the Company would have to pay to borrow on a collateralized basis (in the currency that the lease is denominated) over a similar term an amount equal to the lease payments in a similar economic environment. Right-of-use assets also include any initial direct costs incurred by the Company and lease payments made to a lessor on or before the related lease commencement date, less any lease incentives received directly from the lessor. Certain of the Company’s facility lease agreements include options to extend or terminate the lease. When it is reasonably certain that the Company will exercise a renewal or termination option, the present value of the lease payments for the affected lease is adjusted accordingly. Leases with a term of twelve months or less are accounted for in the same manner as long-term lease arrangements, including any related disclosures. Lease expense for operating leases is generally recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term, unless the related right-of-use asset was previously impaired. All of the Company’s existing sublease arrangements have been classified as operating leases with sublease income recognized on a straight-line basis over the term of the sublease arrangement. To measure the Company’s periodic sublease income, the Company elected to use a practical expedient under ASC 842 to aggregate nonlease components with the related lease components when (i) the timing and pattern of transfer for the nonlease components and the related lease components are the same and (ii) the lease components, if accounted for separately, would be classified as an operating lease. This practical expedient applies to all of the Company’s existing sublease arrangements. When the projected lease cost for the term of a sublease exceeds the anticipated sublease income for that same period, the Company treats that circumstance as an indicator that the carrying amount of the related right-of-use asset may not be fully recoverable. In those situations, the Company performs an impairment analysis and, if indicated, the Company records a charge against earnings to reduce the right-of-use asset to the amount deemed to be recoverable in the future. On the Consolidated Balance Sheet, right-of-use assets are classified and reported in Operating lease right-of-use assets, and the related lease liabilities are included in Accounts payable and accrued liabilities (current) and Operating lease liabilities (long-term). On the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows, the reduction in the carrying amount of right-of-use assets is presented separately and the change in operating lease liabilities is included under Accounts payable and accrued and other liabilities in the reconciliation of net income to cash provided by operating activities. All of the Company’s leasing and subleasing activities are recognized in Selling, general and administrative expense in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. The table below presents the Company’s net lease cost and certain other information related to the Company’s leasing activities as of and for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 (dollars in thousands).
|  | Year Ended December 31,
Description |  | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2020
Operating lease cost (1) |  | $ | 117,750 |  |  | $ | 130,383 |  |  | $ | 140,829 |
Variable lease cost (2) |  | 15,209 |  |  | 17,940 |  |  | 17,463 |
Sublease income |  | (46,698) |  |  | (42,801) |  |  | (38,925) |
Total lease cost, net (3) (4) |  | $ | 86,261 |  |  | $ | 105,522 |  |  | $ | 119,367 |
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of operating lease liabilities |  | $ | 137,399 |  |  | $ | 140,571 |  |  | $ | 137,790 |
Cash receipts from sublease arrangements |  | $ | 46,159 |  |  | $ | 42,374 |  |  | $ | 38,565 |
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities |  | $ | 20,597 |  |  | $ | 33,113 |  |  | $ | 27,258 |
As of December 31, |  | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2020
Weighted average remaining lease term for operating leases (in years) |  | 7.9 |  | 8.7 |  | 9.6
Weighted average discount rate for operating leases |  | 6.6 | % |  | 6.5 | % |  | 6.6 | %
(1)Included in operating lease cost was $41.9 million, $42.3 million and $42.2 million of costs for subleasing activities during 2022, 2021, and 2020 respectively. (2)These amounts are primarily variable lease and nonlease costs that were not fixed at the lease commencement date or are dependent on something other than an index or a rate. (3)The Company did not capitalize any initial direct costs for operating leases during 2022, 2021, or 2020. (4)Amount excludes impairment charges of $54.0 million and $49.5 million, for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, as discussed below. As of December 31, 2022, the (i) maturities of operating lease liabilities under non-cancelable arrangements and (ii) estimated future sublease cash receipts from non-cancelable arrangements were as follows (in thousands):
|  | Operating |  | Sublease
|  | Lease |  | Cash
Period ending December 31, |  | Payments |  | Receipts
2023 |  | $ | 142,251 |  |  | $ | 52,286 |
2024 |  | 130,395 |  |  | 42,906 |
2025 |  | 114,233 |  |  | 43,226 |
2026 |  | 111,257 |  |  | 44,008 |
2027 |  | 107,228 |  |  | 44,889 |
Thereafter |  | 299,612 |  |  | 25,022 |
Total future minimum operating lease payments and estimated sublease cash receipts (1) |  | 904,976 |  |  | $ | 252,337 |
Imputed interest |  | (207,992) |  |  |
Total operating lease liabilities per the Consolidated Balance Sheet |  | $ | 696,984 |  |  |
(1)Approximately 80% of the operating lease payments pertain to properties in the United States. The table below indicates where the discounted operating lease payments from the above table are classified in the Consolidated Balance Sheet (in thousands).
|  | December 31,
Description |  | 2022 |  | 2021
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities |  | $ | 99,717 |  |  | $ | 89,754 |
Operating lease liabilities |  | 597,267 |  |  | 697,766 |
Total operating lease liabilities per the Consolidated Balance Sheet |  | $ | 696,984 |  |  | $ | 787,520 |
During the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, as a result and in consideration of the changing nature of the Company’s use of office space for its workforce and the transitioning to a virtual-first hybrid, remote-work environment, the Company evaluated its existing real estate lease portfolio. This evaluation included the decision to abandon certain leased office spaces and the cease-use of certain other leased office spaces that the Company intends to sublease. In connection with this evaluation, the Company reviewed certain of its right-of-use assets and related other long-lived assets for impairment under ASC 360. As a result of the evaluation, the Company recognized an impairment loss of $54.0 million and $49.5 million during the years ended December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively, which is included as a component of Selling, general and administrative expenses in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations. The impairment loss for the year ended December 31, 2022 includes $40.7 million related to right-of-use assets, and $13.3 million related to other long-lived assets, primarily leasehold improvements. The impairment loss for the fourth quarter of the year ended December 31, 2021 includes $50.9 million related to right-of-use assets, $17.9 million related to other long-lived assets, primarily leasehold improvements and a $19.3 million reduction in lease liabilities. The fair values for the asset groups relating to the impaired long-lived assets were estimated primarily using discounted cash flow models (income approach) with Level 3 inputs. The significant assumptions used in estimating fair value include the expected downtime prior to the commencement of future subleases, projected sublease income over the remaining lease periods and discount rates that reflect the level of risk associated with receiving future cash flows.

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