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Revenue and Related Matters | 9 Months Ended
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Sep. 30, 2023
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract] |
Revenue and Related Matters | Revenue and Related Matters Disaggregated Revenue — The Company’s disaggregated revenue by reportable segment is presented in the tables below for the periods indicated (in thousands). By Primary Geographic Market (1)
Three Months Ended September 30, 2023 |  |  |  |
Primary Geographic Market | Research | Conferences | Consulting | Total
United States and Canada | $ | 822,401 |  | $ | 7,652 |  | $ | 87,409 |  | $ | 917,462 |
Europe, Middle East and Africa | 261,813 |  | 30,398 |  | 29,502 |  | 321,713 |
Other International | 134,525 |  | 19,150 |  | 15,934 |  | 169,609 |
Total revenues | $ | 1,218,739 |  | $ | 57,200 |  | $ | 132,845 |  | $ | 1,408,784 |
Three Months Ended September 30, 2022 |  |  |  |
Primary Geographic Market | Research | Conferences | Consulting | Total
United States and Canada | $ | 771,534 |  | $ | 44,499 |  | $ | 67,194 |  | $ | 883,227 |
Europe, Middle East and Africa | 245,093 |  | 18,034 |  | 26,644 |  | 289,771 |
Other International | 131,196 |  | 14,498 |  | 13,176 |  | 158,870 |
Total revenues | $ | 1,147,823 |  | $ | 77,031 |  | $ | 107,014 |  | $ | 1,331,868 |
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023 |  |  |  |
Primary Geographic Market | Research | Conferences | Consulting | Total
United States and Canada | $ | 2,444,524 |  | $ | 179,670 |  | $ | 240,797 |  | $ | 2,864,991 |
Europe, Middle East and Africa | 788,725 |  | 78,408 |  | 96,305 |  | 963,438 |
Other International | 410,566 |  | 32,661 |  | 49,182 |  | 492,409 |
Total revenues | $ | 3,643,815 |  | $ | 290,739 |  | $ | 386,284 |  | $ | 4,320,838 |
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022 |  |  |  |
Primary Geographic Market | Research | Conferences | Consulting | Total
United States and Canada | $ | 2,264,733 |  | $ | 139,418 |  | $ | 208,799 |  | $ | 2,612,950 |
Europe, Middle East and Africa | 763,639 |  | 40,308 |  | 93,135 |  | 897,082 |
Other International | 398,160 |  | 21,184 |  | 41,753 |  | 461,097 |
Total revenues | $ | 3,426,532 |  | $ | 200,910 |  | $ | 343,687 |  | $ | 3,971,129 |
(1)Revenue is reported based on where the sale is fulfilled. The Company’s revenue is generated primarily through direct sales to clients by domestic and international sales forces and a network of independent international sales agents. Most of the Company’s products and services are provided on an integrated worldwide basis and, because of this integrated delivery approach, it is not practical to precisely separate the Company’s revenue by geographic location. Accordingly, revenue information presented in the above tables is based on internal allocations, which involve certain management estimates and judgments. By Timing of Revenue Recognition
Three Months Ended September 30, 2023 |  |  |  |
Timing of Revenue Recognition | Research | Conferences | Consulting | Total
Transferred over time (1) | $ | 1,125,285 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 99,719 |  | $ | 1,225,004 |
Transferred at a point in time (2) | 93,454 |  | 57,200 |  | 33,126 |  | 183,780 |
Total revenues | $ | 1,218,739 |  | $ | 57,200 |  | $ | 132,845 |  | $ | 1,408,784 |
Three Months Ended September 30, 2022 |  |  |  |
Timing of Revenue Recognition | Research | Conferences | Consulting | Total
Transferred over time (1) | $ | 1,045,425 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 90,316 |  | $ | 1,135,741 |
Transferred at a point in time (2) | 102,398 |  | 77,031 |  | 16,698 |  | 196,127 |
Total revenues | $ | 1,147,823 |  | $ | 77,031 |  | $ | 107,014 |  | $ | 1,331,868 |
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023 |  |  |  |
Timing of Revenue Recognition | Research | Conferences | Consulting | Total
Transferred over time (1) | $ | 3,348,409 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 300,647 |  | $ | 3,649,056 |
Transferred at a point in time (2) | 295,406 |  | 290,739 |  | 85,637 |  | 671,782 |
Total revenues | $ | 3,643,815 |  | $ | 290,739 |  | $ | 386,284 |  | $ | 4,320,838 |
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022 |  |  |  |
Timing of Revenue Recognition | Research | Conferences | Consulting | Total
Transferred over time (1) | $ | 3,109,099 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 281,953 |  | $ | 3,391,052 |
Transferred at a point in time (2) | 317,433 |  | 200,910 |  | 61,734 |  | 580,077 |
Total revenues | $ | 3,426,532 |  | $ | 200,910 |  | $ | 343,687 |  | $ | 3,971,129 |
(1)Research revenues in this category are recognized in connection with performance obligations that are satisfied over time using a time-elapsed output method to measure progress. Consulting revenues in this category are recognized over time using labor hours as an input measurement. (2)The revenues in this category are recognized in connection with performance obligations that are satisfied at the point in time that the contractual deliverables are provided to the customer. Performance Obligations — For customer contracts that are greater than one year in duration, the aggregate amount of the transaction price allocated to performance obligations that were unsatisfied (or partially unsatisfied) as of September 30, 2023 was approximately $5.1 billion. The Company expects to recognize $0.9 billion, $2.7 billion and $1.5 billion of this revenue (most of which pertains to Research) during the remainder of 2023, the year ending December 31, 2024 and thereafter, respectively. The Company applies a practical expedient that is permitted under ASC Topic 606 and, accordingly, it does not disclose such performance obligation information for customer contracts that have original durations of one year or less. The Company’s performance obligations for contracts meeting this ASC Topic 606 disclosure exclusion primarily include: (i) stand-ready services under Research subscription contracts; (ii) holding conferences and meetings where attendees and exhibitors can participate; and (iii) providing customized Consulting solutions for clients under fixed fee and time and materials engagements. The remaining duration of these performance obligations is generally less than one year, which aligns with the period that the parties have enforceable rights and obligations under the affected contracts. Customer Contract Assets and Liabilities — The timing of the recognition of revenue and the amount and timing of the Company’s billings and cash collections, including upfront customer payments, result in the recognition of both assets and liabilities on the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. The table below provides information regarding certain of the Company’s balance sheet accounts that pertain to its contracts with customers (in thousands).
| September 30, |  | December 31,
| 2023 |  | 2022
Assets: |  |  |
Fees receivable, gross (1) | $ | 1,148,563 |  |  | $ | 1,565,786 |
Contract assets recorded in Prepaid expenses and other current assets (2) | $ | 32,754 |  |  | $ | 21,183 |
Contract liabilities: |  |  |
Deferred revenues (current liability) (3) | $ | 2,394,556 |  |  | $ | 2,443,762 |
Non-current deferred revenues recorded in Other liabilities (3) | 26,757 |  |  | 39,115 |
Total contract liabilities | $ | 2,421,313 |  |  | $ | 2,482,877 |
(1)Fees receivable represent an unconditional right to payment from the Company’s customers and include both billed and unbilled amounts. (2)Contract assets represent recognized revenue for which the Company does not have an unconditional right to payment as of the balance sheet date because the project may be subject to a progress billing milestone or some other billing restrictions. (3)Deferred revenues represent amounts (i) for which the Company has received an upfront customer payment or (ii) that pertain to recognized fees receivable. Both situations occur before the completion of the Company’s performance obligation(s). The Company recognized revenue of $1.0 billion and $0.9 billion during the three months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively, and $1.9 billion and $1.8 billion during the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively, that was attributable to deferred revenues that were recorded at the beginning of each such period. Those amounts primarily consisted of Research revenues that were recognized ratably as control of the goods or services passed to the customer during the reporting periods. During each of the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, the Company did not record any material impairments related to its contract assets.

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- Definition The entire disclosure of revenue from contract with customer to transfer good or service and to transfer nonfinancial asset. Includes, but is not limited to, disaggregation of revenue, credit loss recognized from contract with customer, judgment and change in judgment related to contract with customer, and asset recognized from cost incurred to obtain or fulfill contract with customer. Excludes insurance and lease contracts. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 606 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 9 -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147479806/606-10-50-9 Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 606 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 10 -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147479806/606-10-50-10 Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 606 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 15 -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147479806/606-10-50-15 Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 606 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 12 -Subparagraph (a) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147479806/606-10-50-12 Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 606 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 12 -Subparagraph (b) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147479806/606-10-50-12 Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 606 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 12 -Subparagraph (c) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147479806/606-10-50-12 Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 606 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 12 -Subparagraph (d) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147479806/606-10-50-12 Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 606 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 12 -Subparagraph (e) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147479806/606-10-50-12 Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 606 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 13 -Subparagraph (b)(2) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147479806/606-10-50-13 Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 606 -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org//606/tableOfContent + Details
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