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Goodwill and Intangible Assets | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2024
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract] |
Goodwill and Intangible Assets | Goodwill and Intangible Assets Goodwill. The table below presents changes to the carrying amount of goodwill by segment during the two-year period ended December 31, 2024 (in thousands).
| Research |  | Conferences |  | Consulting |  | Total
Balance at December 31, 2022 (1) | $ | 2,651,193 |  |  | $ | 183,951 |  |  | $ | 95,067 |  |  | $ | 2,930,211 |
Additions due to an acquisition (2) | 4,176 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 4,176 |
Foreign currency translation impact | 2,180 |  |  | 46 |  |  | 647 |  |  | 2,873 |
Balance at December 31, 2023 (1) | 2,657,549 |  |  | 183,997 |  |  | 95,714 |  |  | 2,937,260 |
Foreign currency translation impact | (6,568) |  |  | (77) |  |  | (410) |  |  | (7,055) |
Balance at December 31, 2024 (1) | $ | 2,650,981 |  |  | $ | 183,920 |  |  | $ | 95,304 |  |  | $ | 2,930,205 |
(1)The Company does not have any accumulated goodwill impairment losses. (2)The additions were due to the acquisition of an independent sales agent in September 2023. See Note 2 — Acquisitions and Divestiture for additional information. Finite-lived intangible assets. Changes in finite-lived intangible assets during the two-year period ended December 31, 2024 are presented in the tables below (in thousands).
December 31, 2024 |  | Customer Relationships |  | Technology-related |  | Other |  | Total
Gross cost at December 31, 2023 |  | 1,077,183 |  |  | 11,200 |  |  | 10,200 |  |  | $ | 1,098,583 |
Intangible assets fully amortized |  | — |  |  | (11,200) |  |  | — |  |  | (11,200) |
Foreign currency translation impact |  | (5,266) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (5,266) |
Gross cost |  | 1,071,917 |  |  | — |  |  | 10,200 |  |  | 1,082,117 |
Accumulated amortization (2) |  | (665,131) |  |  | — |  |  | (7,297) |  |  | (672,428) |
Balance at December 31, 2024 |  | $ | 406,786 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 2,903 |  |  | $ | 409,689 |
December 31, 2023 |  | Customer Relationships |  | Technology-related |  | Other |  | Total
Gross cost at December 31, 2022 |  | $ | 1,060,541 |  |  | $ | 11,200 |  |  | $ | 10,436 |  |  | $ | 1,082,177 |
Additions due to an acquisition (1) |  | 990 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 990 |
Intangible assets fully amortized |  | (987) |  |  | (39) |  |  | (236) |  |  | (1,262) |
Foreign currency translation impact |  | 16,639 |  |  | 39 |  |  | — |  |  | 16,678 |
Gross cost |  | 1,077,183 |  |  | 11,200 |  |  | 10,200 |  |  | 1,098,583 |
Accumulated amortization (2) |  | (580,937) |  |  | (9,333) |  |  | (6,355) |  |  | (596,625) |
Balance at December 31, 2023 |  | $ | 496,246 |  |  | $ | 1,867 |  |  | $ | 3,845 |  |  | $ | 501,958 |
(1)The additions were due to the acquisition of an independent sales agent in September 2023. See Note 2 — Acquisitions and Divestiture for additional information. (2)Finite-lived intangible assets are amortized using the straight-line method over the following periods: Customer relationships—6 to 13 years; Technology-related—3 to 7 years; and Other —4 to 11 years. Amortization expense related to finite-lived intangible assets was $90.2 million, $92.5 million and $98.5 million in 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The estimated future amortization expense by year for finite-lived intangible assets is presented in the table below (in thousands).
2025 | $ | 81,066 |
2026 | 78,391 |
2027 | 77,783 |
2028 | 76,311 |
2029 | 76,233 |
2030 | 19,905 |
| $ | 409,689 |

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