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Administrative, operative, and project expenses (Details) - COP ($) $ in Millions | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2023 | Dec. 31, 2022 | Dec. 31, 2021
Administrative, operation and project expenses: |  |  |  |
Administrative expenses |  | $ 5,025,797 | $ 4,335,695 | $ 3,342,069
Exploration costs | [1] | 2,088,922 | 1,512,385 | 960,247
Operations and project expenses |  | 5,702,162 | 4,743,628 | 3,153,557
Administration expenses. |  |  |  |
Administrative, operation and project expenses: |  |  |  |
General expenses |  | 2,378,606 | 2,040,773 | 1,638,129
Labor expenses |  | 2,029,110 | 1,663,464 | 1,264,319
Depreciation and amortization |  | 535,389 | 573,514 | 386,732
Taxes |  | 82,692 | 57,944 | 52,889
Operations and project expenses |  |  |  |
Administrative, operation and project expenses: |  |  |  |
Labor expenses |  | 393,595 | 363,838 | 312,791
Depreciation and amortization |  | 71,916 | 145,106 | 174,311
Taxes |  | 838,977 | 781,181 | 515,848
Commissions, fees, freights and services |  | 1,682,602 | 1,326,184 | 686,156
Exploration costs | [2] | 2,088,922 | 1,512,268 | 959,562
Fee for regulatory entities |  | 288,212 | 192,094 | 139,158
Maintenance |  | 107,832 | 162,383 | 156,412
Others |  | $ 230,106 | $ 260,574 | $ 209,319
[1] | Exploration expenses include the costs of geological and geophysical activities, as well as the non–productive exploratory wells.
[2] | It mainly includes the disposals and dry wells of the Cupiagua XD45, Cusiana Subthrust, Cusiana Profundo, Turupe, La Luna, Kale and Kinacú wells in Ecopetrol S.A.

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