20-F 1 tlk-20171231x20f.htm 20-F

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And

UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

Form 20-F

☐ | REGISTRATION STATEMENT PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(b) OR (g) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
| OR
☑ | ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
| For the fiscal year ended December 31, 201 7
☐ | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
| OR
☐ | SHELL COMPANY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
| Date of event requiring this shell company report

Commission file number 1-14406

Perusahaan Perseroan (Persero)

PT Telekomunikasi Indonesia Tbk

(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)

Telecommunications Indonesia

(a state-owned public limited liability company)

(Translation of Registrant’s name into English)

Republic of Indonesia

(Jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)

Jl. Japati No. 1, Bandung 40133, Indonesia

(Address of principal executive offices)

Investor Relations Unit

Telkom Landmark Tower, Jl. Jend. Gatot Subroto No. 52, 39 th Floor, Jakarta 12710, Indonesia

(62) (22) 452-7101

(62) (21) 521-5109

(Name, Telephone, E-mail and/or Facsimile number and Address of Company Contact Person)

Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act.

Title of Each class |  | Name of each exchange on which registered
American Depositary Shares representing Series B Shares, par value 50 Rupiah per share |  | New York Stock Exchange
Series B Shares, par value 50 Rupiah per share |  | New York Stock Exchange*

Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act.

None

Securities for which there is a reporting obligation pursuant to Section 15(d) of the Act.

None

Indicate the number of outstanding shares of each of the issuer’s classes of capital or common astock as of the close of the period covered by the Annual Report:

Series A Dwiwarna Share, par value 50 Rupiah per share | 1
Series B Shares, par value 50 Rupiah per share | 100,799,996,399

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.

Yes ☑ No ◻

If this report is an annual or transition report, indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.

Yes ◻ No ☑

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports) and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.

Yes ☑ No ◻

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).

Yes ◻ No ☑

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of “accelerated filer and large accelerated filer” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

Large accelerated filer ☑ | Accelerated filer ◻ | Non-accelerated filer ◻ Emerging growth company ◻

If an emerging growth company that prepares its financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standard provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ◻

The term “new or revised financial accounting standard” refers to any update issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board to its Accounting Standards Codification after April 5, 2012

Indicate by checkmark which basis of accounting the registrant has used to prepare the financial statements included in this filing:

U.S. GAAP ◻ International Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board ☑Other ◻

If “Other” has been checked in response to the previous question, indicate by checkmark which financial statement item the registrant has elected to follow.

Item 17 ◻ Item 18 ◻

If this is an Annual Report, indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).

Yes ◻ No ☑

* The Series B Shares were registered in connection with the registration of American Depositary Shares (“ADSs”). The Series B Shares are not listed for trading on the New York Stock Exchange

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

DEFINITIONS | 3
CERTAIN DEFINITIONS, CONVENTIONS AND GENERAL INFORMATION | 12
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS | 12

PART I

ITEM 1 | IDENTITY OF DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND ADVISORS | 13
ITEM 2 | OFFER STATISTICS AND EXPECTED TIMETABLE | 13
ITEM 3 | KEY INFORMATION | 13
ITEM 4 | INFORMATION ON THE COMPANY | 34
ITEM 4A | UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS | 67
ITEM 5 | OPERATING AND FINANCIAL REVIEW AND PROSPECTS | 67
ITEM 6 | DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND EMPLOYEES | 98
ITEM 7 | MAJOR SHAREHOLDERS AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS | 110
ITEM 8 | FINANCIAL INFORMATION | 114
ITEM 9 | THE OFFER AND LISTING | 115
ITEM 10 | ADDITIONAL INFORMATION | 118
ITEM 11 | QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURE ABOUT MARKET RISK | 129
ITEM 12 | DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES OTHER THAN EQUITY SECURITIES | 132

PART II

ITEM 13 | DEFAULTS, DIVIDEND ARREARAGES AND DELINQUENCIES | 133
ITEM 14 | MATERIAL MODIFICATIONS TO THE RIGHTS OF SECURITY HOLDERS AND USE OF PROCEEDS | 133
ITEM 15 | CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES | 133
ITEM 16A | AUDIT COMMITTEE FINANCIAL EXPERT | 134
ITEM 16B | CODE OF ETHICS | 135
ITEM 16C | PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES | 135
ITEM 16D | EXEMPTIONS FROM THE LISTING STANDARDS FOR AUDIT COMMITTEES | 136
ITEM 16E | PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES BY THE ISSUER AND AFFILIATED PURCHASERS | 137
ITEM 16F | CHANGE IN REGISTRANT’S CERTIFYING ACCOUNTANT | 137
ITEM 16G | CORPORATE GOVERNANCE | 137
ITEM 16H | MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURE | 139

PART III

ITEM 17 | FINANCIAL STATEMENTS | 139
ITEM 18 | FINANCIAL STATEMENTS | 139
ITEM 19 | EXHIBITS | 139
SIGNATURES |  | 140
EXHIBIT 1.1 EXHIBIT 12.1 | Articles of Association (as amended on April 21, 2017) CEO Certification pursuant to section 302 |
EXHIBIT 12.2 | CFO Certification pursuant to section 302 |
EXHIBIT 13.1 | CEO Certification pursuant to section 906 |

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EXHIBIT 13.2 | CFO Certification pursuant to section 906 |

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DEFINITIONS

3G

The generic term for third generation mobile telecommunications technology. 3G offers high speed connections to cellular phones and other mobile devices, enabling video conference and other applications requiring broadband connectivity to the internet.

3.5G

A grouping of disparate mobile telephony and data technologies designed to provide better performance than 3G systems, as an interim step towards deployment of full 4G/LTE capability.

4G/LTE

A fourth generation super fast internet network technology based on IP that makes the process of data transfer much faster and more stable.

Adjusted EBITDA

We calculate Adjusted EBITDA by calculating operating profit before interest, tax, depreciation and amortization, gain or loss on foreign exchange-net, other income and other expenses. Adjusted EBITDA and other related ratios in this Annual Report serve as additional indicators on our performance and liquidity, which is a non-GAAP financial measure.

ADS

American Depositary Share (also known as an American Depositary Receipt, or an “ADR”), a certificate traded on a U.S. securities market (such as the New York Stock Exchange) representing a number of foreign shares. Each of our ADS represents 100 shares of common stock.

APMK

Alat Pembayaran Menggunakan Kartu or card-based payment instruments, a payment instrument in the form of credit cards, Automated Teller Machine (“ATM”) and/or debit cards.

ARPU

Average Revenue per User, a measure used primarily by telecommunications and networking companies which states how much money we make from the average user. It is defined as the total revenue from specified services divided by the number of consumers for those services.

Backbone

The main telecommunications network consisting of transmission and switching facilities connecting several network access nodes. The transmission links between nodes and switching facilities include microwave, submarine cable, satellite, fiber optic and other transmission technology.

Bandwidth

The capacity of a communication link.

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Bapepam-LK

Badan Pengawas Pasar Modal dan Lembaga Keuangan, or the Indonesian Capital Market and Financial Institution Supervisory Agency, the predecessor to the OJK.

BRAS

Broadband remote access server, a specialized server based at an ISP network that facilitates the convergence of multiple internet traffic sources. These sources include cable, DSL, ethernet or broadband wireless. BRAS converges them into a single network that routes traffic to and from digital subscriber line access multiplexers.

Broadband

A signaling method that includes or handles a relatively wide range (or band) of frequencies.

BTS

Base Transceiver Station, equipment that transmits and receives radio telephony signals to and from other telecommunication systems.

BWA

Broadband Wireless Access, a technology that provides high speed wireless internet access or computer networking access over a wide area.

CDMA

Code Division Multiple Access, a transmission technology where each transmission is sent over multiple frequencies and a unique code is assigned to each data or voice transmission, allowing multiple users to share the same frequency spectrum.

Common stock

Our Series B shares having a par value of Rp50 per share.

CPE

Customer Premises Equipment, any handset, receiver, set-top box or other equipment used by the consumer of wireless, fixed line or broadband services, which is the property of the network operator and located on the customer premises.

DCS

Digital Communication System, a cellular system using GSM technology operating in the 1.8 GHz frequency.

Defined Benefit Pension Plan or DBPP

A type of pension plan in which an employer promises a specified monthly benefit on retirement that is predetermined by a formula based on the employee’s earnings history, tenure of service and age, rather than depending on investment returns. It is considered ‘defined’ in the sense that the formula for computing the employer’s contribution is known in advance.

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Defined Contribution Pension Plan or DCPP

A type of retirement plan in which the amount of the employer’s annual contribution is specified. Individual accounts are set up for participants and benefits are based on the amounts credited to these accounts (through employer contributions and, if applicable, employee contributions) plus any investment earnings on the money in the account. Only employer contributions to the account are guaranteed, not the future benefits. In defined contribution plans, future benefits fluctuate on the basis of investment earnings.

DLD

Domestic Long Distance, a long distance call service designed for customers who live in different areas but still within one country. These areas normally have different area codes.

DTH

Direct-to-Home satellite broadcasting, the distribution of television signals from high-powered geostationary satellites to small dish antennas and satellite receivers in homes across the country.

Dwiwarna Share

The Series A Dwiwarna Share having a par value of Rp50 per share. The Dwiwarna Share is held by the Government and provides for special voting rights and veto rights over certain matters related to our corporate governance. For more information, see Item 7 "Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions — Major Shareholders — Relationship with the Government and Government Agencies".

e-Commerce

Electronic Commerce, the buying and selling of products or services over electronic systems such as the internet and other computer networks.

e-Money

Electronic Money, money or script that is only exchanged electronically.

Earth Station

The antenna and associated equipment used to receive or transmit telecommunication signals via satellite.

EDGE

Enhanced Data rates for GSM Evolution, a digital mobile phone technology that allows improved data transmission rates as a backward-compatible extension of GSM.

Edutainment

Education and entertainment.

Fiber Optic

Cables using optical fiber and laser technology through which modulating light beams representing data are transmitted through thin filaments of glass.

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Fixed Line

Fixed wireline and fixed wireless.

Fixed Wireless

The local wireless transmission link using a cellular, microwave, or radio technology to connect customers at a fixed location to the local telephone exchange.

Fixed Wireline

A fixed wire or cable path linking a subscriber at a fixed location to a local exchange, usually with an individual phone number.

FTTH

Fiber To The Home, the implementation of fiber optic network that reaches up to customer point or known as customer premise.

Gateway

A peripheral that bridges a packet based network (IP) and a circuit based network (PSTN).

Gb

Gigabyte, a unit of information used, for example, to quantify computer memory or storage capacity.

Gbps

Gigabyte per second, the average number of bits, characters, or blocks per unit time passing between equipment in a data transmission system. This is typically measured in multiples of the unit bit per second or byte per second.

GHz

Gigahertz. The hertz (symbol Hz), is the international standard unit of frequency defined as the number of cycles per second of a periodic phenomenon.

GMS

General Meeting of Shareholders, which may be an annual general meeting of shareholders (“AGMS”) or an extraordinary general meeting of shareholders (“EGMS”).

GPON

Gigabyte-Passive Optical Network, the most widely deployed type of passive optical network system that brings fiber optic cabling and signals all or most of the way to end users.

GPRS

General Packet Radio Service, a data packet switching technology that allows information to be sent and received across a mobile network and only utilizes the network when there is data to be sent.

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GSM

Global System for Mobile Telecommunication, a European standard for digital cellular telephone.

Homepass

A connection with access to fixed line voice, IPTV and broadband services.

IDD

International Direct Dialing, a service that allows a subscriber to make an international call without the assistance or intervention of an operator from any telephone terminal.

IMT‑2000

International Mobile Telecommunications‑2000, a body of specifications provided by the International Telecommunication Union. Application services include wide area wireless voice telephone, mobile internet access, video calls and mobile TV, all in a mobile environment.

IMS

IP multimedia subsystem, a service which combines wireless and fixed line technologies for voice and data communications.

Installed Lines

Complete lines fully built-out to the distribution point and ready to be connected to subscribers.

Interconnection

The physical linking of a carrier’s network with equipment or facilities not belonging to that network.

Internet of Things

Infrastructure which interconnects physical and virtual things using interoperable information and communication technologies.

IP

Internet Protocol, the method or protocol by which data is sent from one computer to another on the internet.

IP Core

A block of logic data that is used in making a field programmable gate array or application-specific integrated circuit for a product.

IPTV

Internet Protocol Television, a system through which television services are delivered using the Internet Protocol suite over a packet-switched network such as the internet, instead of being delivered through traditional terrestrial, satellite signal, and cable television formats.

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ISP

Internet Services Provider, an organization that provides access to the internet.

KSO

Kerjasama Operasi, a form of joint operation agreement that includes build, operate and transfer, which arrangement was previously used by Telkom, in which the consortium partners invest and operate facilities owned by Telkom in regional divisions. The consortium partners are owned by international operators and national private companies or Telkom.

KPPU

Komisi Pengawasan Persaingan Usaha, or Commission for the Supervision of Business Competition.

Leased Line

A dedicated telecommunications transmissions line linking one fixed point to another, rented from an operator for exclusive uses.

Mbps

Megabytes per second, a measure of speed for digital signal transmission expressed in millions of bits per second.

Metro Ethernet

Bridge or relationship between locations that are apart geographically, this network connects LAN customers at several different locations.

MHz

Megahertz, a unit of measure of frequency equal to one million cycles per second.

Mobile Broadband

The marketing term for wireless internet access through a portable modem, mobile phone, USB Wireless Modem or other mobile devices.

MoCI

The Ministry of Communication and Informatics of the Republic of Indonesia, to which regulatory responsibility over telecommunications was transferred from the Ministry of Communication and Information (“MoC”) in February 2005.

MSOE

Kementerian Badan Usaha Milik Negara, or the Ministry of State-Owned Enterprises of the Republic of Indonesia.

Network Access Point

A public network exchange facility where ISPs connected with one another in peering arrangements.

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Next Generation Network

A general term that refers to a packet-based network able to provide services, including telecommunication services, and to make use of multiple broadband and quality of service enabled transport technologies, in which service-related functions are independent from underlying transport related technologies. A Next Generation Network is intended to be able to, with one network, transport various services (voice, data, and various media such as video) by encapsulating these into packets, similar to how such packets are transmitted on the internet. Next Generation Networks are commonly built around the Internet Protocol.

OJK

Otoritas Jasa Keuangan, or the Indonesian Financial Services Authority, the successor of Bapepam-LK, an independent institution with authority to regulate and supervise financial services activities in the banking sector, capital market sector as well as non-bank financial industry sector.

Over The Top

A generic term commonly used to refer to the delivery of audio, video and other media over the internet without the involvement of a multiple-system operator in the control or distribution of the content.

Pay TV

Pay Television, premium television, or premium channels, subscription-based television services, usually provided by both analog and digital cable and satellite, but also increasingly via digital terrestrial and internet television.

PKLN

Tim Pinjaman Komersial Luar Negeri, or Foreign Commercial Loan Coordinating Team, an inter-agency team of the Government charged with, among others, considering requests of Indonesian SOEs such as us for consent to obtain foreign commercial loans.

Point of presence

An access point, location or facility that connects to and helps other devices establish a connection with the internet, which may consist of a router, switches, servers and other data communication devices. We operates two layers of points of presence, namely main and primary points of presence. A “main point of presence” is the transport backbone that aggregates national traffic. A “primary point of presence” is the aggregate regional transport backbone which has the capability of creating services.

PCEF

Policy and Charging Enforcement Function, provides user traffic handling and quality of service (QoS) at the gateway and responsible for providing service data flow detection, counting along with online and offline charging interactions. PCRF and PCEF closely related functional entities, which include policy control decision making and flow based charging control functionalities.

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PCRF

Policy and Charging Rules Function, a node which operates in real time in order to determine policy rules in multimedia network. It operates at core of the network and have accesses to subscriber databases and other specialized functions e.g. charging system.

PSTN

Public Switched Telephone Network, a telephone network operated and maintained by us and the KSO units for us and on our behalf.

Radio Frequency Spectrum

The part of the electromagnetic spectrum corresponding to radio frequencies, i.e. frequencies lower than around 300 GHz (or, equivalently, wavelengths longer than about 1 mm).

RIO

Reference Interconnection Offer, a regulatory term covering all facilities, including interconnection tariffs, technical facilities and administrative issues offered by one telecommunications operator to other telecommunications operator for interconnection access.

RMJ

Regional Metro Junction, an inter-city cable network installation service in one regional (region/province).

Roaming

A general term referring to the extension of connectivity service in a location that is different from the home location where the service was registered.

Satellite Transponder

Radio relay equipment embedded in a satellite that receives signals from earth and amplifies and transmits the signal back to the earth.

SCCS

Submarine Communications Cable System, a cable laid on the sea bed between land-based stations to carry telecommunication signals across stretches of ocean.

SME

Small and Medium Enterprise.

SMS

Short Messaging Service, a technology allowing the exchange of text messages between mobile phones and between fixed wireless phones.

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SOE

State-Owned Enterprise, a Government-owned corporation, state-owned company, state-owned entity, state enterprise, publicly owned corporation, Government business enterprise, or parastatal, a legal entity created by a Government to undertake commercial activities on behalf of an owner Government.

Softswitch

A central device in a telephone network that connects calls from one phone line to another, entirely by means of software running on a computer system. This work was formerly carried out by hardware, with physical switchboards to route the calls.

Switch

A mechanical, electrical or electronic device that opens or closes circuits, completes or breaks an electrical path, or selects paths or circuits, used to route traffic in a telecommunications network.

TIME S

Telecommunication, Information, Media, Edutainment and Service.

TPE

A normalized way to refer to transponder bandwidth, which means how many transponders would be used if the same total bandwidths used only 36 MHz transponder (1 TPE = 36 MHz).

UMTS

Universal Mobile Telephone System, one of the 3G mobile systems being developed within the International Telecommunication Union’s IMT‑2000 framework.

USO

Universal Service Obligation, the service obligation imposed by the Government on all telecommunications services providers for the purpose of providing public services in Indonesia.

VoIP

Voice over Internet Protocol, a means of sending voice information using the IP.

VPN

Virtual Private Network, a secure private network connection, built on top of publicly-accessible infrastructure, such as the internet or the public telephone network. VPNs typically employ some combination of encryption, digital certificates, strong user authentication and access control to secure the traffic they carry. These provide connectivity to many machines behind a gateway or firewall.

VSAT

Very Small Aperture Terminal, a relatively small antenna, typically 1.5 to 3.0 meters in diameter, placed in the user’s premises and used for two-way communications by satellite.

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CERTAIN DEFINITIONS, CONVENTIONS AND GENERAL INFORMATION

Unless the context otherwise requires, references in this Form 20-F to the “Company”, “Telkom”, “we”, “us”, and “our” are to Perusahaan Perseroan (Persero) PT Telekomunikasi Indonesia Tbk and its consolidated subsidiaries. All references to “Indonesia” are references to the Republic of Indonesia. All references to the “Government” herein are references to the Government of the Republic of Indonesia. References to the “United States” or “US” are to the United States of America. References to the “United Kingdom” or the “UK” are to the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. References to "Rupiah", “Indonesian Rupiah” or “Rp” are to the lawful currency of Indonesia. References to “U.S. Dollar” or “US$” are to the lawful currency of the United States. Certain figures (including percentages) have been rounded for convenience, and therefore indicated and actual sums, quotients, percentages and ratios may differ.

Our consolidated financial statements as of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017 included in this Form 20-F (the “Consolidated Financial Statements”) have been prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”) as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (“IASB”).

The financial statements of 12 of our subsidiaries have been consolidated into the Consolidated Financial Statements. The 12 companies are PT Telekomunikasi Selular (“Telkomsel”, in which we own a 65% stake), PT Dayamitra Telekomunikasi (“Dayamitra”, in which we own a 100%), PT Multimedia Nusantara (“Metra”, in which we own a 100%), PT Telekomunikasi Indonesia International (“Telin”, in which we own a 100%), PT PINS Indonesia (“PINS”, previously named PT Pramindo Ikat Nusantara, in which we own a 100%), PT Graha Sarana Duta (“Telkom Property”, in which we own a 100% stake), PT Telkom Akses (“Telkom Akses”, in which we own a 100%), PT Patra Telekomunikasi Indonesia (“Patrakom”, in which we own a 100%), PT Infrastruktur Telekomunikasi Indonesia (“Telkom Infratel”, in which we own a 100%), PT Napsindo Primatel Internasional (“Napsindo”, in which we own a 60% stake), PT Metranet (“Metranet” in which we own a 100%), and PT Jalin Pembayaran Nusantara (“Jalin”, in which we own a 100%).

Solely for the convenience of the reader, certain Indonesian Rupiah amounts have been converted into U.S. Dollars at specified rates. Unless otherwise indicated, the U.S. Dollars equivalent information for amounts in Indonesian Rupiah are converted at the Reuters Rate for December 29, 2017 at 04.00 PM Jakarta time, which was Rp13,567.5 to US$1.00. The exchange rate of Indonesian Rupiah for U.S. Dollars on December 29, 2017 was Rp13,548 to US$1.00 based on the middle exchange which is calculated based on the Bank Indonesia buying and selling rate. The Federal Reserve Bank of New York does not certify for customs purposes a noon buying rate for cable transfers in Indonesian Rupiah. No representation is made that the Indonesian Rupiah or U.S. Dollar amounts shown herein could have been or could be converted into U.S. Dollar or Indonesian Rupiah, as the case may be, at any particular rate or at all. See Item 3 “Key Information — Selected Financial Data — Exchange Controls” for further information regarding rates of exchange between the Indonesian Rupiah and the U.S. Dollar.

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This Form 20‑F contains “forward-looking statements” as defined in Section 27A of the U.S. Securities Act of 1933, as amended (“Securities Act”) and Section 21E of the U.S. Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (“Exchange Act”), within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, including statements regarding our expectations and projections for our future operating performance and business prospects. The words “believe”, “expect”, “anticipate”, “estimate”, “project” and similar words identify forward-looking statements. In addition, all statements other than statements of historical facts included in this Form 20‑F are forward-looking statements. Although we believe that the expectations reflected in the forward-looking statements herein are reasonable, we can give no assurance that such expectations will prove to be correct. These forward-looking statements are subject to a number of risks and uncertainties, including changes in the economic, social and political environments in Indonesia. This Form 20‑F discloses, under Item 3 “Key Information — Risk Factors” and elsewhere, important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from our expectations.

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PART I

ITEM 1. IDENTITY OF DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND ADVISORS

Not applicable.

ITEM 2. OFFER STATISTICS AND EXPECTED TIMETABLE

Not applicable.

ITEM 3. KEY INFORMATION

A. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA

The following tables present our selected consolidated financial information and operating statistics as of the dates and for each of the periods indicated. The selected financial information as of and for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016 and 2017 presented below is based upon our audited consolidated financial statements prepared in conformity with IFRS as issued by the IASB. The selected financial information as of and for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016 and 2017 should be read in conjunction with, and is qualified in its entirety by reference to, our audited Consolidated Financial Statements, including the notes thereto, and the other information include elsewhere in this Form 20-F and in our previous Form 20-F filed with the SEC on March 27, 2017.

The Public Accountant Firm (“KAP”) Purwantono, Sungkoro & Surja (formerly Purwantono, Suherman & Surja) (a member firm of Ernst & Young Global Limited) ("Purwantono, Sungkoro & Surja") audited our Consolidated Financial Statements prepared as of and for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016 and 2017.

KEY CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF PROFIT OR LOSS AND OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME DATA

IFRS

|  | Years Ended December 31,
|  | 2013 |  | 2014 |  | 2015 |  | 2016 |  | 2017
|  | (Rp billion) |  | (Rp billion) |  | (Rp billion) |  | (Rp billion) |  | (Rp billion) |  | (US$ million)
|  | except for per share and per ADS amount
Revenues |  | 82,967 |  | 89,696 |  | 102,470 |  | 116,333 |  | 128,256 |  | 9,453
Expenses(1) |  | 57,850 |  | 61,617 |  | 71,603 |  | 77,824 |  | 85,332 |  | 6,287
Adjusted EBITDA |  | 41,680 |  | 45,684 |  | 51,404 |  | 59,498 |  | 64,609 |  | 4,762
Operating Profit |  | 27,727 |  | 29,172 |  | 32,369 |  | 39,172 |  | 43,902 |  | 3,237
Profit before Income Tax |  | 27,030 |  | 28,579 |  | 31,293 |  | 38,166 |  | 42,628 |  | 3,144
Net Income Tax Expense |  | (6,900) |  | (7,341) |  | (8,023) |  | (9,017) |  | (9,958) |  | (734)
Profit for the Year |  | 20,130 |  | 21,238 |  | 23,270 |  | 29,149 |  | 32,670 |  | 2,410
Attributable to owners of the parent company |  | 14,046 |  | 14,437 |  | 15,451 |  | 19,333 |  | 22,120 |  | 1,631
Attributable to non-controlling interests |  | 6,084 |  | 6,801 |  | 7,819 |  | 9,816 |  | 10,550 |  | 779
Other Comprehensive Income (Expenses) - Net |  | 5,115 |  | 810 |  | 493 |  | (2,099) |  | (2,332) |  | (171)
Net Comprehensive Income for the Year |  | 25,245 |  | 22,048 |  | 23,763 |  | 27,050 |  | 30,338 |  | 2,239
Attributable to owners of the parent company |  | 19,018 |  | 15,291 |  | 16,003 |  | 17,312 |  | 19,927 |  | 1,470
Attributable to non-controlling interests |  | 6,227 |  | 6,757 |  | 7,760 |  | 9,738 |  | 10,411 |  | 769
Weighted average number of shares outstanding (in millions after stock split) |  | 96,359 |  | 97,696 |  | 98,177 |  | 98,638 |  | 99,062 |  | —
Basic and Diluted Earnings per Share (in full amount) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Profit per share(2) |  | 145.77 |  | 147.78 |  | 157.38 |  | 195.99 |  | 223.30 |  | 0.02
Profit per ADS (100 shares of common stock per ADS) |  | 14,576.79 |  | 14,778.00 |  | 15,738.00 |  | 19,599.85 |  | 22,329.40 |  | 1.65
Dividend relating to the period (accrual basis, in full amount) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

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Dividends declared per share |  | 102.40 |  | 89.46 |  | 94.63 |  | 136.75 |  | — |  | —
Dividends declared per ADS |  | 10,240 |  | 8,946 |  | 9,463 |  | 13,675 |  | — |  | —
Dividend paid in the period (cash basis, in full amount)(3) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Dividends declared per share |  | 87.24 |  | 102.40 |  | 89.46 |  | 94.63 |  | 136.75 |  | 0.01
Dividends declared per ADS |  | 8,724 |  | 10,240 |  | 8,946 |  | 9,463 |  | 13,675 |  | 1.01

| (1) |  | Expenses are calculated as the sum of the following expenses: operations, maintenance and telecommunication service, depreciation and amortization, personnel, interconnection, general and administrative, marketing, gain or loss on foreign exchange - net, share of profit (loss) of associated companies and other expenses.

| (2) |  | Using Indonesian Financial Accounting Standards (”IFAS”) results, our profit for the year attributable to owners of the parent company would be Rp14,205 billion, Rp14,471 billion, Rp15,489 billion, Rp19,352 billion and Rp22,145 billion for 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016 and 2017, and our net income per share would be Rp147.42, Rp148.13, Rp157.77, Rp196.19 and Rp223.55 for 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016 and 2017. We distribute dividends based on profit attributable to owners of the parent company and net income per share determined in reliance on IFAS.

| (3) |  | In 2013, we paid a cash dividend for 2012 of Rp87.24 per share. In 2014, we paid a cash dividend for 2013 of Rp102.40 per share. In 2015, we paid a cash dividend for 2014 of Rp89.46 per share. In 2016, we paid a cash dividend for 2015 of Rp94.63 per share. In 2017, we paid a cash dividend for 2016 of 136.75 per share.

RECONCILIATION OF OPERATING PROFIT TO ADJUSTED EBITDA

|  | Years Ended December 31,
|  | 2013 |  | 2014 |  | 2015 |  | 2016 |  | 2017
|  | (Rp billion) |  | (Rp billion) |  | (Rp billion) |  | (Rp billion) |  | (Rp billion) |  | (US$ million)
Operating Profit |  | 27,727 |  | 29,172 |  | 32,369 |  | 39,172 |  | 43,902 |  | 3,237
Add: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Depreciation and amortization |  | 15,805 |  | 17,178 |  | 18,572 |  | 18,556 |  | 20,477 |  | 1,509
Loss (gain) on foreign exchange - net |  | 249 |  | 14 |  | 46 |  | 52 |  | (51) |  | (4)
Other income |  | (2,581) |  | (1,076) |  | (1,500) |  | (751) |  | (1,039) |  | (77)
Other expenses |  | 480 |  | 396 |  | 1,917 |  | 2,469 |  | 1,320 |  | 97
Adjusted EBITDA(1) |  | 41,680 |  | 45,684 |  | 51,404 |  | 59,498 |  | 64,609 |  | 4,762

| (1) |  | We calculate adjusted EBITDA by calculating operating profit before interest, tax, depreciation and amortization, gain or loss on foreign exchange - net, other income and other expenses. Adjusted EBITDA and other related ratios in this Annual Report serve as additional indicators on our performance and liquidity, which is a non-GAAP financial measure. Adjusted EBITDA is presented because our management believes that it is widely used by investors in their analysis of our performance and can assist them in their comparison of our performance with those of other companies in the telecommunications, information and media sector. We also present adjusted EBITDA because it is used by some investors as a way to measure a company’s ability to incur and service debt, make capital expenditures and meet working capital requirements. Companies in the telecommunications, information and media sector have historically reported adjusted EBITDA as a supplement to financial measures in accordance with IFRS or U.S. GAAP. Adjusted EBITDA should not be considered as an alternative to net income as an indicator of our performance, nor should adjusted EBITDA be considered an alternative to cash flows from operating activities as a measure of liquidity or as an alternative to any other measure determined in accordance with IFRS. Unlike net income, adjusted EBITDA does not include depreciation and amortization or financing costs and, therefore, does not reflect current or future capital expenditures or the cost of capital. We compensate for these limitations by using adjusted EBITDA as only one of several comparative tools, together with IFRS-based measurements, to assist in the evaluation of operating performance. Such IFRS-based measurements include profit before income tax, profit for the year, cash flows from operations and cash flow data. We have significant uses of cash flows, including capital expenditures, interest payments, debt principal repayments, taxes and other non-recurring charges, which are not reflected in adjusted EBITDA. Our calculation of adjusted EBITDA may be different from the calculation methods used by other companies and, therefore, comparability may be limited.

KEY CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL POSITION DATA

IFRS

|  | As of December 31,
|  | 2013 |  | 2014 |  | 2015 |  | 2016 |  | 2017
|  | (Rp billion) |  | (Rp billion) |  | (Rp billion) |  | (Rp billion) |  | (Rp billion) |  | (US$ million)
|  | except for per share
Cash and cash equivalents |  | 14,696 |  | 17,672 |  | 28,117 |  | 29,767 |  | 25,145 |  | 1,853
Trade and other receivables |  | 7,018 |  | 7,380 |  | 7,872 |  | 7,900 |  | 9,564 |  | 705
Other current assets |  | 3,937 |  | 4,733 |  | 5,839 |  | 5,246 |  | 7,183 |  | 529
Total Current Assets |  | 33,672 |  | 34,294 |  | 47,912 |  | 47,701 |  | 47,561 |  | 3,506
Property and equipment |  | 86,599 |  | 94,602 |  | 103,455 |  | 114,230 |  | 129,872 |  | 9,572
Intangible assets |  | 1,508 |  | 2,463 |  | 3,056 |  | 3,089 |  | 3,530 |  | 260
Total Non-current Assets |  | 94,721 |  | 107,321 |  | 118,016 |  | 131,642 |  | 150,624 |  | 11,101
Total Assets |  | 128,393 |  | 141,615 |  | 165,928 |  | 179,343 |  | 198,185 |  | 14,607

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Trade and other payables |  | 12,585 |  | 12,476 |  | 14,284 |  | 13,690 |  | 15,791 |  | 1,164
Current income tax liabilities |  | 942 |  | 1,501 |  | 1,802 |  | 1,236 |  | 801 |  | 59
Accrued expenses |  | 5,264 |  | 5,211 |  | 8,247 |  | 11,283 |  | 12,630 |  | 931
Unearned income |  | 3,490 |  | 3,963 |  | 4,360 |  | 5,563 |  | 5,427 |  | 400
Short-term bank loans and current maturities of long-term borrowings |  | 5,525 |  | 7,709 |  | 4,444 |  | 5,432 |  | 7,498 |  | 553
Total Current Liabilities |  | 29,034 |  | 32,318 |  | 35,413 |  | 39,762 |  | 45,376 |  | 3,344
Deferred tax liabilities |  | 2,908 |  | 2,703 |  | 2,110 |  | 745 |  | 933 |  | 69
Pension and other post-employment benefit obligations |  | 4,258 |  | 4,115 |  | 4,171 |  | 6,126 |  | 10,195 |  | 751
Long-term loans and other borrowings |  | 14,731 |  | 15,743 |  | 30,168 |  | 26,367 |  | 27,974 |  | 2,062
Total Non-current Liabilities |  | 22,705 |  | 23,365 |  | 37,332 |  | 34,305 |  | 40,978 |  | 3,021
Total Liabilities |  | 51,739 |  | 55,683 |  | 72,745 |  | 74,067 |  | 86,354 |  | 6,365
Capital stock(1) |  | 5,040 |  | 5,040 |  | 5,040 |  | 5,040 |  | 5,040 |  | 371
Net equity attributable to owners of the parent company |  | 59,753 |  | 67,646 |  | 74,934 |  | 84,163 |  | 92,467 |  | 6,815
Non-controlling interests |  | 16,901 |  | 18,286 |  | 18,249 |  | 21,113 |  | 19,364 |  | 1,427
Total Equity (Net Assets) |  | 76,654 |  | 85,932 |  | 93,183 |  | 105,276 |  | 111,831 |  | 8,242
Net Debt |  | 5,560 |  | 5,780 |  | 6,495 |  | 2,032 |  | 10,327 |  | 762
Net Working Capital |  | 4,638 |  | 1,976 |  | 12,499 |  | 7,939 |  | 2,185 |  | 162
Issued and fully paid shares (in shares) |  | 100,799,996,400 |  | 100,799,996,400 |  | 100,799,996,400 |  | 100,799,996,400 |  | 100,799,996,400 |  | —

(1) As of December 31, 2017, our issued and paid-up capital consists of one Dwiwarna Share and 100,799,996,399 shares of common stock each from an authorized capital stock comprising one Dwiwarna Share and 399,999,999,999 shares of common stock.

Exchange Controls

Exchange Rate Information

The following table shows the exchange rate of Indonesian Rupiah to U.S. Dollar based on the middle exchange rate which is calculated based on the Bank Indonesia buying and selling rates for the periods indicated.

Calendar Year |  | at Period End (1) |  | Average (2) |  | Low (2) |  | High (2)
|  | (Rp Per US$1)
2013 |  | 12,189 |  | 10,451 |  | 12,270 |  | 9,634
2014 |  | 12,440 |  | 11,878 |  | 12,900 |  | 11,271
2015 |  | 13,795 |  | 13,392 |  | 14,728 |  | 12,444
2016 |  | 13,436 |  | 13,307 |  | 13,946 |  | 12,926
2017 |  | 13,548 |  | 13,384 |  | 13,630 |  | 13,154
September |  | 13,492 |  | 13,303 |  | 13,492 |  | 13,154
October |  | 13,572 |  | 13,526 |  | 13,630 |  | 13,483
November |  | 13,514 |  | 13,527 |  | 13,592 |  | 13,500
December |  | 13,548 |  | 13,556 |  | 13,589 |  | 13,515
2018 |  | 13,771 |  | 13,587 |  | 13,794 |  | 13,290
January |  | 13,413 |  | 13,380 |  | 13,542 |  | 13,290
February |  | 13,707 |  | 13,590 |  | 13,707 |  | 13,402
March |  | 13,756 |  | 13,758 |  | 13,794 |  | 13,708
April (through April 6) |  | 13,771 |  | 13,763 |  | 13,771 |  | 13,750

Source: Bank Indonesia

| (1) |  | Determined based upon the middle exchange rate announced by Bank Indonesia applicable on the last day for the period.

| (2) |  | Determined based upon the daily middle exchange rate announced by Bank Indonesia during the applicable period.

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Under the current exchange rate system, the exchange rate of the Indonesian Rupiah is determined by the market, reflecting the interaction of supply and demand in the market. However, Bank Indonesia may take measures to maintain a stable exchange rate. For 2017, the average rate of the Rupiah to U.S. Dollar was Rp13,384, with the lowest and highest rates being Rp13,630 and Rp13,154, respectively.

The exchange rates used for conversion of monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are the bid and offer rates published by Reuters in 2015, 2016 and 2017. The Reuters bid and offer rates, applied respectively to monetary assets and liabilities, were Rp13,780 and Rp13,790 to US$1.00 as of December 31, 2015, Rp13,470 and Rp13,475 to US$1.00 as of December 31, 2016 and Rp13,565 and Rp13,570 to US$1.00 as of December 31, 2017.

The Consolidated Financial Statements are stated in Rupiah. The conversion of Rupiah amounts into U.S. Dollars are included solely for the convenience of the readers and have been made using the average of the market bid and offer rates of Rp13,567.5 to US$1.00 published by Reuters on December 29, 2017.

On March 29, 2018, the Reuters bid and offer rates were Rp13,765 and Rp13,770 to US$1.00.

Foreign Exchange Controls

Indonesia operates a liberal foreign exchange system that permits the free flow of foreign exchange. Capital transactions, including remittances of capital, profits, dividends and interest, are free of exchange controls. A number of regulations, however, have an impact on the exchange system. For example, only banks are authorized to deal in foreign exchange and execute exchange transactions related to the import and export of goods. In addition, Indonesian banks (including branches of foreign banks in Indonesia) are required to report to Bank Indonesia any fund transfers exceeding US$10,000. Based on the decree of the Head of the PKLN, we are required to obtain an approval from the PKLN prior to acquiring foreign commercial loans. We are also required to submit periodical reports to PKLN during the term of the loans.

B. CAPITALIZATION AND INDEBTEDNESS

Not applicable.

C. REASON FOR THE OFFER AND USE OF PROCEEDS

Not applicable.

D. RISK FACTORS

Risks Related to Our Business

Operational Risks

A material failure in the continuing operations of our network, certain key systems, gateways to our network or the networks of other network operators could adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects

We depend to a significant degree on the uninterrupted operation of our network to provide our services. For example, we depend on access to our fixed wireline network for the operation of our fixed line network and the termination and origination of cellular telephone calls to and from fixed line telephones, and a significant portion of our cellular and international long distance call traffic is routed through the PSTN. We also depend on access to an internet and broadband network and a cellular network. Our integrated network includes a copper access network, fiber optic access network, BTSs, switching equipment, optical and radio transmission equipment, an IP core network, satellites and application servers.

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In addition, we also rely on interconnection to the networks of other telecommunications operators to carry calls and data from our subscribers to the subscribers of operators both within Indonesia and overseas. We also depend on certain technologically sophisticated management information systems and other systems, such as our customer billing system, to enable us to conduct our operations. Our network, including our information systems, IT and infrastructure and the networks of other operators with whom our subscribers are interconnected, are vulnerable to damage or interruptions in operation from a variety of sources including earthquake, fire, flood, power loss, equipment failure, network software flaws, transmission cable disruption or similar events.

Although we have implemented a business continuity plan and a disaster recovery plan, which we test regularly, we cannot guarantee that the implementation of such plans will be completely or partially successful should any portion of our network be severely damaged or interrupted. Any failure that results in an interruption of our operations or of the provision of any service, whether from operational disruption, natural disaster or otherwise, could adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects.

We may, in the future, be required to share our network infrastructure and capacity with our competitors

In November 2016, the Government announced its intention to amend certain regulations, as a result of which we may, in the future, be required to share our network infrastructure and capacity with our competitors. In particular, the draft revision to Government Regulation No.52/2000 on Telecommunications ("Draft Revision to GR No.52/2000") contemplates providing the Government with the authority to require telecommunication operators such as our Company to share network capacity with other telecommunication operators in Indonesia. Draft Revision to GR No.52/2000 may also require telecommunication operators such as our Company to share proprietary network transmission equipment when the Government deems this to be necessary in order to maintain market competition and network efficiency and sustainability.

In addition, the draft revision to Government Regulation No.53/2000 on the Utilization of Radio Frequency Spectrum and Satellite Orbit ("Draft Revision to GR No.53/2000") may be interpreted to require telecommunication operators such as our Company to share network with other telecommunication operators and service providers.

If these draft regulations are enacted by the Government in their current form, we would be required to share our network infrastructure and capacity with our competitors. This may allow our competitors to expand without significant capital expenditure outlay in areas where we currently operate. In addition, we cannot assure you that we will have sufficient network capacity to maintain our current business, product offerings and quality of service due to the additional traffic that we would need to service as a result of our competitors' access to our network. Our ability to service any increase in traffic within our network may consequently be limited, which may adversely affect our ability to increase our revenues through the expansion of our services.

Neither the Draft Revision to GR No.52/2000 nor the Draft Revision to GR No.53/2000 provide the details of the terms under which we may be required to share our network infrastructure and capacity with our competitors. We cannot assure you that the Government will adopt terms which we consider to be commercially reasonable. For example, we cannot assure you that any subsequent implementing regulations will allow us to charge competitors who lease our network capacity with fees at rates which we consider to be commercially acceptable.

If the Draft Revision to GR No.52/2000 and the Draft Revision to GR No.53/2000 are adopted, and the terms under which such proposed regulations are implemented are not commercially reasonable, it could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects.

Our networks face both potential physical and cyber security threats, such as theft, vandalism and acts intended to disrupt our operations, which could adversely affect our operating results

Our networks and equipment, particularly our wireline access network, face both potential physical and cyber security threats. Physical threats include theft and vandalism of our equipment and organized attacks against key infrastructure intended to disrupt operations. In addition, telecommunications companies worldwide face increasing cyber security threats as businesses become increasingly dependent on telecommunications and computer networks and adopt

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cloud technologies. Cyber security threats include gaining unauthorized access to our systems or inserting computer viruses or malicious software in our systems to misappropriate consumer data and other sensitive information, corrupt our data or disrupt our operations. Unauthorized access may also be gained through traditional means such as the theft of computers, portable data devices or mobile phones and intelligence gathering on employees with access to our systems.

Although we have not experienced any material successful cyber attacks to date that have affected our operations, our network and website are frequently targeted by cyber attacks. For example, in April 2017, Telkomsel's website was hacked, leaving customers unable to access the site and altering the content on the homepage for a portion of one day, before it could be restored. In 2016 our internal websites were also subject to attack, rendering them unusable for a number of days until the hack could be remedied. While none of these events have caused significant losses to date, a successful cyber attack may lead us to incur substantial costs to repair damage or restore data, implement substantial organizational changes and training to prevent future similar attacks and lost revenues and litigation costs due to misused sensitive information, and cause substantial reputational damage. We take preventive and remedial measures with respect to our systems, including enhanced cooperation with the police, particularly in areas prone to criminal activity and regular upgrades of our data security measures. While we believe that we have taken appropriate measures to protect our network, there is no assurance that these physical and cyber security measures will be successful. Damage to our network, equipment or data and the need to repair such damage resulting from a physical or cyber attack may materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and operating results.

We face a number of risks relating to our internet-related services

In addition to cyber security threats, because we provide connections to the internet and host websites for customers and develop internet content and applications, we may be perceived as being associated with the content carried over our network or displayed on websites that we host. For example, in the past, due to an escalation in spam messages generated from email addresses on the Telkom network, Telkom was placed on certain DNS blacklists which blocked all email generated from Telkom addresses for almost a week until remedial measures could be put into place. While we have made certain administrative and technical adjustments to identify and combat spam, we cannot assure you that such measures will always be effective and that we would not be placed on certain DNS blacklists again in the future. In addition, the content carried over our network or the websites that we host may contain materials or information which may be illegal, defamatory, impermissible or infringe on third party copyrights. We cannot and do not screen all of this content and may face litigation claims due to a perceived association with such content. These types of claims can be costly to defend, divert management resources and attention, and may damage our reputation.

A revenue leakage might occur due to internal weaknesses or external factors and if this risk were to materialize, it could have an adverse effect on our operating results

We may face revenue leakage or problems with collecting all the revenues to which we may be entitled, due to the possibility of inaccurate billing, delays in transaction processing, dishonest customers or other factors. Further, our services might be susceptible to piracy and unauthorized usage. Such piracy and unauthorized usage may lead to a loss of revenue for our Group which may affect our financial conditions and results of operations.

We have taken certain preventive measures to mitigate the possibility of revenue leakage by increasing control functions in all of our existing business processes, implementing revenue assurance methods, employing adequate policies and procedures as well as implementing information systems applications to minimize revenue leakages. Nonetheless, there is no assurance that in the future there will be no significant revenue leakages or that any such leakages will not have a material adverse affect on our operating results.

New technologies may adversely affect our ability to remain competitive

The telecommunications industry is characterized by rapid and significant changes in technology. We may face increasing competition due to technologies currently under development or which may be developed in the future. Future development or application of new or alternative technologies, services or standards could require significant changes to our business model, the development of new products, the provision of additional services and substantial new investments by us. New products and services may be expensive to develop and may result in the introduction of additional competitors

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into the marketplace. We cannot accurately predict how emerging and future technological changes will affect our operations or the competitiveness of our services. Furthermore, we cannot guarantee that we will be able to effectively integrate new technologies into our existing business model.

In addition, we face a continuing risk of market entry by new operators and service providers (including non-telecommunication players and OTT players) who, by using newer or lower cost technologies, may succeed in rapidly attracting customers away from established market participants such as ourselves. This may result in a loss of market share and could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. In particular, the rapid development of new technologies, new services and products, and new business models has resulted in distinctions between local, long distance, wireless, cable and internet communication services being lessened and has brought new competitors into the telecommunications market. One of the main challenges faced by the telecommunications industry in Indonesia is the increasing use of Over The Top services that has become a substitute for voice and SMS services, in line with the growing number of smartphone users. In particular, the percentage contribution from cellular phone services to our consolidated revenue has declined from 36.3% for 2015 to 29.0% for 2017. This has happened not only in Indonesia, but also in developed countries where smartphone penetration is high.

We cannot assure you that our technologies will not become obsolete, or be subjected to competition from new technologies in the future, or that we will be able to acquire new technologies necessary to compete in changed circumstances on commercially acceptable terms. Our failure to react to rapid technological changes could adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects.

Expected benefits from investment in new networks and technologies may not be realized

We may pursue new growth opportunities in the communications industry in the future, including introducing services and products employing new technologies, such as next generation mobile technologies, virtualization, software-defined networking, cloud based technologies, new video and content delivery platforms and digital marketing. The implementation of these new technologies depends on a number of factors, including developing our network and the launch of new and commercially viable products and services involving these technologies. We may have to incur substantial expenditure to develop our network, services and products and to gain access to related or enabling technologies in order to successfully implement these new technologies. We may not be successful in modifying its network infrastructure in a timely and cost-effective manner to facilitate such implementation, which could adversely affect its quality of service, financial condition and results of operations.

Further, we may face the risk of unforeseen complications in the deployment of new technologies. Any newly adopted technology may not perform as expected, and we may not be able to successfully or on a timely basis develop the new technology to effectively and economically deliver services based on such technology.

Our satellites have limited operational life and they may be damaged or destroyed during in-orbit operation or suffer launch delays or failures. The loss or reduced performance of a satellite, whether caused by equipment failure or its license being revoked, may adversely affect our financial condition, results of operations and ability to provide certain services

We operate two satellites, namely Telkom-2 and Telkom-3S. These satellites have limited operational lives, with their estimated operational lives ending approximately in 2020 and 2033, respectively. A number of factors affect the operational lives of satellites, including the quality of their construction, the durability of their systems, subsystems and component parts, on-board fuel reserves, accuracy of their launch into orbit, exposure to micrometeorite storms, or other natural events in space, collision with orbital debris, or the manner in which the satellite is monitored and operated. We currently use satellite transponder capacity on our satellites in connection with many aspects of our business, including direct leasing of such capacity and routing for our international long distance and cellular services.

On August 25, 2017, a fuel leak affected the orientation of our Telkom-1 satellite, rendering it unusable and causing disruption to services provided by the satellite. As a result, we had to migrate the services which had previously been provided by Telkom-1 to our other two satellites or to third party satellites, which required us to lease some additional

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capacity. Services to affected customers were affected for a few weeks while migration processes were undertaken, but were restored to normal condition by September 11, 2017.

International Telecommunication Union regulations specify that a designated satellite orbital slot has been allocated for Indonesia and the Government has the right to determine which party is licensed to use such slot. While we currently hold a license to use the designated satellite orbital slot, in the event any of our satellites experience technical problems or failure, the Government may determine that we have failed to optimize the existing slot under our license, which may result in the Government withdrawing our license. We cannot assure you that we will be able to maintain use of the designated satellite orbital slot in a manner deemed satisfactory by the Government.

In anticipation of the growth in demand for satellite services and to support our business strategy with regard to providing TIMES services, we signed a contract in 2009 for the procurement of the Telkom-3 satellite. However, due to a launch failure in August 2012, the Telkom-3 satellite ended up in an unusable orbit, which led us to develop the Telkom-3S satellite which was launched in February 2017 and became operational in April 2017. We have entered into a contract for the procurement of the Telkom-4 satellite, which is currently planned for launch in the third quarter of 2018 as a replacement for the Telkom-1 satellite. If there is any delay in the development and launch of the Telkom-4 satellite, or damage or failure renders our existing satellites unfit for use, we would need to lease additional transponder capacity from a third party, which would likely increase our costs of operations. Failure to lease adequate satellite capacity from a third party provider may also result in service interruptions and/or a cessation of our satellite operations. The termination of our satellite business could increase expenses associated with our provision of other telecommunications services, particularly in the eastern parts of Indonesia which currently rely largely on satellite coverage for telecommunications services and could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Risks Related to our Fixed and Cellular Telecommunication Business

Competition from existing cellular service providers may adversely affect our cellular services business

The Indonesian cellular services business is highly competitive. Competition among cellular services providers in Indonesia is based on various factors, including pricing, network quality and coverage, the range of services, features offered and customer service. With the increasing popularity of smart phones in Indonesia, we believe that data network quality and coverage, including 4G/LTE coverage, will increasingly become an intense area of competition. In recent years, competitors have offered promotions such as bonus data packages in order to attract customers, which has generally made the pricing environment in Indonesia less profitable. This competition is likely to continue.

Our cellular services business, operated through our majority-owned subsidiary, Telkomsel, competes primarily with Indosat and XL Axiata. Several other smaller GSM and CDMA operators also provide cellular services in Indonesia, including PT Hutchison 3 Indonesia (“Hutchison”), which is part of the Hutchison Asia Telecom Group and operates under the "3" or "Tri" brand, and PT Smartfren Telecom Tbk ("Smartfren Telecom"), which is part of the Sinar Mas Group.

XL Axiata completed the acquisition of a majority interest in and merged with PT Axis Telekom in 2014, which resulted in XL Axiata acquiring additional frequency allocations to provide 4G/LTE services as well as acquiring the customers of PT Axis Telekom.

Additional consolidation among cellular services providers may occur which may be driven by competitive factors as well as efforts to reduce operating costs and obtain wider spectrum allocation. In addition, we believe that it is the policy of the MoCI to support industry consolidation by not issuing additional or new licenses for cellular services providers.

If Telkomsel's competitors are able to acquire wider spectrum allocation, this may allow them to improve the quality of their cellular services as well as to expand the amount of traffic that they can service through their network, which may allow them to expand their services and increase revenues. In addition, the consolidation of Telkomsel's competitors may allow them to expand the geographic coverage of their integrated network infrastructure. As a result, consolidation among cellular services providers may present challenges for Telkomsel in maintaining its market position and could adversely affect our results of operations, financial condition and prospects.

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We may further lose wireline telephone subscribers and revenues derived from our wireline voice services may continue to decline, which may materially adversely affect our results of operations, financial condition and prospects

Revenues derived from our wireline voice services have declined during the past several years mainly due to the increasing popularity of mobile voice services and other alternative means of communication. Tariffs for mobile services have declined in recent years which has further accelerated substitution of mobile for wireline voice services. While the number of our fixed wireline subscribers increased by 3.8% in 2016 and 2.8% in 2017, revenues from our wireline voice services decreased by 2.2% in 2016 and 11.7% in 2017. The percentage of revenues derived from our wireline voice services out of our total revenues was 6.5% in 2016 and 5.2% in 2017.

Since the beginning of 2015, we have taken various steps to stabilize our revenues from wireline voice services by seeking to migrate subscribers to IndiHome, a service which bundles broadband internet, fixed wireline phone and interactive TV services. However, we cannot assure you that we will be successful in mitigating the adverse impact of the substitution of mobile voice services and other alternative means of communication for wireline voice services or in reducing the rate of decline in our revenues generated from wireline voice services. Migration from wireline voice services to mobile services and other alternative means of communication may further intensify in the future, which may affect the financial performance of our wireline voice services and thus materially and adversely affect our results of operations, financial condition and prospects as a whole.

Our data and internet services are facing increasing competition, and we may experience declining margins and/or market share from such services as such competition intensifies

Our data and internet services are facing increased competition from other data and internet operators including as mobile operators. The number of mobile broadband subscribers have increased with the increasing popularity of smart phones in Indonesia, which adversely affects our market share and revenues from our fixed line data and internet services.

In addition, with the increasing popularity of smart phones in Indonesia, we expect that 4G LTE services will increasingly become an intense area of competition for data and internet services, as well as cellular services. In 2014, the Government issued licenses for 4G/LTE services on the 900 MHz frequency for cellular operators and in 2015 issued a policy to refarm the 1800 MHz frequency for 4G/LTE services. Our 4G/LTE services covered 490 cities in Indonesia as of December 31, 2017. Furthermore, in 2013, the regulator permitted Wi-Max operators to deploy 4G/LTE technology which has further intensified competition in the broadband internet space. Currently, PT First Media Tbk (“First Media”), which is part of the Lippo Group, provides Wi-Max 4G/LTE services in the Greater Jakarta area.

We have been taking various measures in order to mitigate the impact of intense competition in our data and internet businesses. However, we cannot assure you that we will be successful in mitigating such adverse impact. Competition may further intensify in the future, which may affect the financial performance of our data and internet services and thus materially and adversely affect our results of operations, financial condition and prospects as a whole.

Cellular network congestion and limited spectrum availability could limit our cellular subscriber growth and cause reductions in our cellular service quality

We expect to continue to offer promotional plans to attract subscribers and increase usage of our network by our cellular subscribers. We also expect to continue to promote our data services and fixed broadband services. While we believe that we currently have sufficient spectrum allocation to support our current business, we may in the future need to acquire additional spectrum allocation to accommodate future growth in subscribers and traffic. As a result, we may experience increased network congestion, which may affect our network performance and damage our reputation with our subscribers. The Government occasionally conducts auctions for unused spectrum allocation. We cannot assure you that we will be succesful in acquiring any additional spectrum allocation in future auctions.

Moreover, the increase in smartphone applications that rely on data services has resulted in the significant amount of data traffic and cellular network congestion. To support such additional demands on our network, we may be required to make significant capital expenditures to improve our network coverage. Such additional capital expenditures, together

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with the possible degradation of our cellular services, could materially and adversely affect our competitive position, results of operations, financial condition and prospects.

Continuing growth in and the converging nature of wireless and broadband services will require us to deploy increasing amounts of capital and require ongoing access to spectrum in order to provide attractive services to customers

Telecommunications services are undergoing rapid and significant technological changes and a dramatic increase in usage, in particular, the demand for faster and seamless usage of video and data across mobile and fixed devices. We continually invest in our networks in order to improve our wireless and broadband services to meet this increasing demand and remain competitive. Improvements in these services depend on many factors, including continued access to and deployment of adequate spectrum and the capital needed to expand our network to support transport of these services. We must maintain and expand our network capacity and coverage for transport of video, data and voice between cell and fixed landline sites. To this end, we have participated in spectrum auctions, at increasing financial cost, and continue to deploy technology advancements in order to further improve our network. Further, we must pay an annual right of usage fee for the license in case of our winning additional spectrum, such as the additional 30 MHz spectrum at 2.3 GHz frequency we won at auction in October 2017.

Network service enhancements and product launches may not occur as scheduled or at the cost expected due to many factors, including delays in determining equipment and wireless handset operating standards, supplier delays, increases in network equipment and handset component costs, regulatory permitting delays for tower sites or enhancements, or labor-related delays. Deployment of new technology also may adversely affect the performance of the network for existing services. If we cannot acquire needed spectrum or deploy the services customers desire on a timely basis and at adequate cost, then our ability to attract and retain customers, and therefore maintain and improve our operating margins, could be materially adversely affected.

Our continued investments in the construction of our infrastructure network may not adequately address the issues resulting from the substantial increases in data traffic or otherwise achieve the desired economic returns.

Our wireless data traffic business has experienced significant growth in recent years, which contributed to the growth of our operating revenue and provides our business with further opportunities for development. In addition, we have launched our 4G/LTE services, which are expected to drive further growth in data traffic. The continued substantial increase in data traffic resulting from the growth of our wireless data traffic business, our 4G/LTE business and the proliferation of smartphones significantly strains the existing capacity of our telecommunications network infrastructure. As a result, we have made and will continue to make substantial investments in the construction of our infrastructure network, including our 4G/LTE infrastructure, to carry the increasing data traffic. We cannot assure you that these investments would successfully address the issues resulting from the substantial increases in data traffic or otherwise achieve the desired economic returns.

We are subject to the control of the Government

The Government, through the Ministry of State-Owned Enterprises, currently owns 52.09% of our issued share capital. Consequently, the Government effectively controls the outcome of matters requiring the vote of our shareholders, including the composition of our boards of Directors and Commissioners, and determining the timing and amount of dividend payments. The Government has historically influenced, and is likely to continue to influence, our strategy and operations. In addition, the Government owns a Dwiwarna Share in our Company which gives the Government, represented by the Ministry of State-Owned Enterprises, certain rights such the right to veto with regard to the nomination, appointment and removal of our Directors, the nomination, appointment and removal of our Commissioners, the issuance of new shares and any amendments to our Articles of Association. The rights of the Government attached to this Dwiwarna Share limit the ability of public shareholders to influence certain matters relating to our Company. Under our articles of association, the Government cannot transfer the Dwiwarna Share. The Government’s rights with respect to the Dwiwarna Share will not terminate unless our articles of association are amended, which would require the approval of the Government as holder of the Dwiwarna Share. See "Relationship with the Government and Government Agencies — The Government as Shareholder."

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There can be no assurance that the Government will exercise its control and influence to our benefit. For example, the Government may request us to enter into transactions which are not in our best interests. In addition, there can also be no assurance that we will ever become independent of our Government shareholder, or even if we do become independent, that we will be able to exercise any such independence effectively in making decisions concerning our business and prospects, including decisions concerning compensation from the Government when we act in the public interest. If we agree to act in the public interest and are not adequately compensated by the Government, our business, prospects, financial condition, liquidity and result of operations may be materially and adversely affected, which would limit our ability to compete effectively and expand our business.

Financial Risks

We are exposed to interest rate risk

Our debt includes bank borrowings used to finance our operations. Where appropriate, we seek to minimize our interest rate risk exposure by entering into interest rate swap contracts to swap floating interest rates for fixed interest rates over the duration of certain borrowings. However, our hedging policy may not adequately cover our exposure to interest rate fluctuations and this may result in a large interest expense and an adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Changes in the economic situation in the United States, including improvement or expectations of improvement in the United States economy, may also have an impact on Southeast Asia and Indonesia. Expectations of the United States Federal Reserve tapering its bond buying program on an improving economy resulted in, among other things, the weakening of equity and bond markets around the world and a number of Asian currencies, including the Rupiah, since May 2013. In part, in an effort to support the Rupiah, in June 2013, Bank Indonesia began raising its benchmark reference rate from a record low of 5.75% which was set in February 2012. The benchmark reference rate rose six times between June 2013 and November 2014 to 7.75% before decreasing to 7.50% in February 2015, 7.25% in January 2016, 7.00% in February 2016, 6.75% in March 2016 and 6.50% in June 2016. The increases of the Bank Indonesia benchmark reference rate in 2013 and 2014 were followed by increases in the Jakarta Interbank Offered Rate (“JIBOR”) and the Bank Indonesia Certificate (“SBI”) interest rates, and in 2016, decreases of the Bank Indonesia benchmark reference rate were followed by decreases in the JIBOR and the SBI interest rate. There can be no assurance that any of the Bank Indonesia benchmark reference rate, the JIBOR or the SBI interest rates will not rise again in the future.

We may not be able to successfully manage our foreign currency exchange risk

Changes in exchange rates have affected and may continue to affect our financial condition and results of operations. Most of our debt obligations are denominated in Indonesian Rupiah and a majority of our capital expenditures are denominated in U.S. Dollars. Most of our revenues are denominated in Indonesian Rupiah and a portion is denominated in U.S. Dollars (for example, from international services). We may also incur additional long-term indebtedness in currencies other than the Indonesian Rupiah, including the U.S. Dollars, to finance further capital expenditures.

From 2013 to 2017, the Indonesian Rupiah per U.S. Dollar exchange rate ranged from a high of Rp9,634 per U.S. Dollar to a low of Rp14,728 per U.S. Dollar. As a result, we recorded foreign exchange losses of Rp46 billion in 2015, Rp52 billion in 2016 and foreign exchange gain of Rp51 billion in 2017. As of December 29, 2017, the Indonesian Rupiah per U.S. Dollar exchange rate stood at Rp13,548 per U.S. Dollar, compared to Rp13,436 per U.S. Dollar as of December 30, 2016. To the extent that the Indonesian Rupiah depreciates further from the exchange rate as of December 2017, our U.S. Dollar-denominated obligations under our accounts payable and procurements payable, as well as payments for foreign currency-denominated loans payable and bonds payable, would increase in Indonesian Rupiah terms. A depreciation of the Rupiah would also increase the Rupiah cost of our capital expenditures as most of our capital expenditures are priced in or with reference to foreign currencies, mainly U.S. Dollars and Euros, while a substantial majority of our revenues are in Rupiah. Such depreciation of the Indonesian Rupiah would result in losses on foreign exchange translation and significantly affect our total expenses and net income, and may consequently have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. We can give no assurance that we will be able to control or manage our exchange rate risk successfully in the future or that we will not be adversely affected by our exposure to exchange rate risk.

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Although we have a financial risk management program and a written policy for foreign currency risk management which mainly uses time deposits placements and hedging to cover foreign currency risk exposure for periods ranging from 3 to 12 months, we can give no assurance that we will be able to manage our exchange rate risk successfully or that our business, financial condition or results of operations will not be adversely affected by our exposure to exchange rate risk.

We may be unable to fund the capital expenditures needed for us to remain competitive in the telecommunications industry in Indonesia

The delivery of telecommunications services is capital intensive. In order to be competitive, we must continually expand, modernize and update our telecommunications infrastructure technology, which involves substantial capital investment. For the years ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017, our consolidated capital expenditures totaled Rp26,401 billion, Rp29,199 billion and Rp33,154 billion (US$2,444 million), respectively. Our ability to fund capital expenditures in the future will depend on our future operating performance, which is subject to prevailing economic conditions, levels of interest rates and financial, business and other factors, many of which are beyond our control, and upon our ability to obtain additional external financing. We cannot assure you that additional financing will be available to us on commercially acceptable terms, or at all. In addition, we can only incur additional financing in compliance with the terms of our debt agreements. Accordingly, we cannot assure you that we will have sufficient capital resources to improve or expand our telecommunications infrastructure technology or update our other technologies to the extent necessary to remain competitive in the Indonesian telecommunications market. Our failure to do so could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects.

Legal and Compliance Risks

If we are found liable for anti-competitive practices, we may be subjected to substantial liability which could have an adverse effect on our reputation, business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects

We are subject to laws and regulations relating to anti-competitive practices and anti-monopoly. Law No.5 of 1999 on Prohibition of Monopolistic Practice and Unfair Business Competition (the “Competition Law”) prohibits agreements and activities which amount to unfair business competition and an abuse of a dominant market position. Pursuant to the Competition Law, the KPPU was established as Indonesia’s antitrust regulator with the authority to enforce the provisions of the Competition Law.

In 2016, our Company, Telkomsel and five other local operators were found to have violated the Competition Law for price-fixing practices related to SMS services. We and Telkomsel have paid penalties to the treasury fund in the amount of Rp18 billion and Rp25 billion, respectively.

In 2017, it was alleged that we had violated the Competition Law by selling our bundling program which is marketed under the retail brand "IndiHome". This product allows customers to choose one or more of our services, which consist primarily of broadband internet, fixed wireline phone and interactive TV services, at a competitive price. Although KPPU held that we did not violate the provisions in the Competition Law, the case indicates the risk that our business strategy could be challenged by our customers.

We cannot assure you that any new or existing governmental regulators will not, in the future, find our business practices to have an anti-competitive effect, nor can we assure you that we will not be found to have violated the relevant laws and regulations relating to anti-competition and anti-monopoly in the future. If we are found to have violated any laws and regulations relating to anti-competition and anti-monopoly, we may be subjected to substantial liability such as payments of fines, the amount of which will be subject to the discretion of the courts, which could have a material adverse effect on our reputation, business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects.

Regulation Risks

We operate in a legal and regulatory environment that is undergoing significant change. These changes may result in increased competition, which may result in reduced margins and operating revenue, among other things. These

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changes may also directly reduce our margins or reduce the costs of our competitors. These adverse changes resulting from regulation may have a material adverse effect on us.

Reform of Indonesian telecommunications regulations initiated by the Government in 1999 have, to a certain extent, resulted in th e industry’s liberalization, including removal of barriers to entry and the promotion of competition. However, in recent years, the volume and complexity of regulatory changes has created an environment of considerable regulatory uncertainty. In addition, as the legal and regulatory environment of the Indonesian telecommunications sector continue to change, competitors, potentially with greater resources than us, may enter the Indonesian telecommunications sector and compete with us in providing telecommunications services. Furthermore, it is impossible to anticipate the regulatory policies that will be applied to new technologies.

We derive substant ial revenue from interconnection services because we have the largest network in Indonesia and our competitors must pay tariffs to connect to our network. As regulated by the MoCI, although SMS interconnection rates as a result of ITRB No.60/BRTI/III/2014 and No.125/BRTI/IV/2014 increased from Rp23 to Rp24, effective April 2014, through December 31, 2015, SMS interconnection rates have been decreasing in recent years and may decrease again in the future. As a result, our revenue from interconnection services may decrease in the future if SMS interconnection rates, as regulated by the MoCI, continue to decrease.

In the future, the Government may announce or implement other regulatory changes which may adversely affect our business or our existing licenses. We cannot assure you that we will be able to compete successfully with other domestic or foreign telecommunications operators, that regulatory changes will not disproportionately reduce our competitors’ costs or disproportionately reduce our revenues, or that regulatory changes, amendments or interpretations of current or future laws and regulations will not have a material adverse effect on our business and operating results.

Regulatory changes may adversely affect our business and results of operations

We operate in a regulated environment, and our telecommunication operations are mainly regulated by the MoCI. We are also required to comply with applicable information and technology, and consumer data protection laws and regulations in carrying out our activities. Future regulatory changes, particularly with respect to telecommunication network, telecommunication service provisions, and data protection may generate incremental costs and delays, thereby adversely affecting our business, prospects, financial condition and results of operations.

In addition, licenses obtained by us under applicable Indonesian laws and regulations may be subject to conditions, compliance with which may be expensive, difficult or impossible. It is possible that Governmental authorities could take enforcement actions against us for our failure to comply with such regulations, including the aforementioned conditions. These enforcement actions could result, among other things, in the imposition of fines or the revocation of our licenses. Compliance with such regulations could require us to make substantial capital expenditures and consequently divert funds from our planned construction projects. We could also experience delays in our business schedules as a result of such compliance efforts. Each of the above could adversely affect our business, prospects, financial condition and results of operations.

Applicable regulations on tariffs and their implementation as supervised by the Indonesian Telecommunication Regulatory Authority ("ITRA") may affect our revenues and earnings

The Government does not set a fixed amount or specified range of tariff that must be charged by telecommunication operators to their customers. However, the Government does set out formulas that telecommunication operators like us must refer to in determining the tariff for our services. MoCI Regulation No.15/PER/M.KOMINFO/4/2008 on Guidelines for Tariff Determination on Basic Telephony Service Distributed through Fixed Line ("MoCI Regulation No.15/2008") and MoCI Regulation No.09/PER/M.KOMINFO/04/2008 on Guidelines for Tariff Determination on Telecommunication Service Distributed through Mobile Cellular Network ("MoCI Regulation No.09/2008") are the applicable regulations for tariff calculation and determination relating to basic telephony and cellular services. Tariff formulation for our internet telephony service is subject to MoCI Regulation No.8 of 2017 on Provision of Internet Telephony Service for Public ("MoCI Regulation No.8/2017"). Based on MoCI Regulation No.8/2017, the tariff for internet telephony service is determined by us, as the operator, on a cost-based calculation. The regulation does not

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discuss at length the formula that we must apply in determining the tariff. It only requires us to (i) account for investment in the telecommunications network, (ii) account for investment in infrastructure relating to internet telephony services and (iii) maintain that the tariff for internet telephony service corresponds with the tariff for basic telephony services.

The formulas set out in MoCI Regulations No.15/2008 and MoCI Regulation No.09/2008 comprise numerous variables, such as cost of capital, cost of equity, cost of debt, annuity factor, traffic data and fee cost. These variables are accounted for based on, among other things, our annual financial reports and statements. This may seem to give us flexibility in tariff formulation. However, the Government is still authorized to supervise the implementation of tariff formulation through (i) ITRA, for basic telephony and cellular services, and (ii) Directorate General on Post and Informatics ("DGPI"), for internet telephony service. Based on its supervision, ITRA may take further action as it sees fit if any of our actions is deemed to potentially disrupt fair competition in the telecommunication market. Our promotional tariff must be carefully planned and calculated to avoid any possible "predatory pricing" claim; as the Government does not fix an amount for the lowest tariff that we may charge to our customers.

If we violate the tariff formulation as governed under these tariff regulations, we will be subject to a fines (relating to MoCI Regulation No.15/2008) and examination by ITRA (relating to MoCI Regulation No.09/2008). Both regulations allow the public to participate in the supervision process by submitting complaints, e.g. regarding unfavorable fees charged by us. Meanwhile, the lack of directive in MoCI Regulation No.8/2017 relating to tariff implementation violation could lead to unpredictable action that may be taken by DGPI. We cannot assure you that there will be no actions taken by either ITRA or DGPI against us or complaints alleged by our customers against us. If these risks were to materialize, it could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects.

Regulations for the configuration of BTS towers may delay the set up of new BTS towers or changes in the placement of existing towers, and may erode our leadership position by requiring us to share our towers with our competitors

In 2008 and 2009, the Government issued regulations relating to the construction, utilization and sharing of BTS towers. Purs uant to the regulations, the construction of BTS towers requires permits from the local government. The local government has a right to determine the location of the towers and the license fees to build tower infrastructure.

These regulations may adversely affect us in the allocation, development or expansion plan of our new BTS towers as setting up of our new towers will become more complicated. We may be prohibited from setting up new BTS towers in certain local areas thereby restricting our expansion as well. They may also adversely affect our existing BTS towers if local governments require any changes in the placement of the existing towers.

In addition, these regulations require us to allow other telecommunication operators to lease space on and utilize our telecommunications towers in a manner that provides equal opportunity to and without any discrimination among such other telecommunication operators. This allows our competitors to expand their networks by leasing space on and utilizing our telecommunications towers without having to expend capital expenditures to build their own telecommunications towers. As a result, our competitors may be able to expand their network quickly and grow their business quickly, particularly in urban areas where new space for additional towers may be difficult to obtain.

In order to operate our telecommunications towers, Indonesian regulations allow local governments to impose fees whic h are determined on a cost basis subject to a formula provided by the Ministry of Finance and the location of the telecommunications towers. While the local governments that have yet begun to impose such fees have not charged material amounts, we cannot assure you that such fees will not be material in the future. In addition, we cannot assure you that there will be no material difference in the amount of fees that we would be liable to pay to the relevant local governments. If these risks were to materialize, it could have an adverse effect on our operating results.

We may experience local community opposition to some of our tower sites

We have experienced, and may in the future experience, local community opposition to our existing sites or the construction of new tower sites for various reasons, including aesthetic and alleged health concerns. As a result of such opposition, we could be required by the local authorities to dismantle and relocate certain towers. If we are required to

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relocate a material number of our towers and cannot locate replacement sites that are acceptable to our customers, it could materially and adversely affect the our business, prospects, results of operations and financial condition.

We are subject to numerous non-tax state revenues and a Universal Service Obligation Contribution ("USO Contribution")

We are subject to multiple rules and regulations authorizing the Government to collect non-tax state revenue from us. Pursuant to Government Regulation No.80 of 2015 on Applicable Types and Tariff on Non-Tax State Revenue for MoCI (“GR No.80/2015), the Government's non-tax revenue may be derived from, among other things, tests for telecommunication devices, telecommunications operations and use of radio frequency spectrum. MoCI Regulation No.17 of 2016 on Tariff Implementation Guidelines on Non-Tax State Revenue Collected from Telecommunication Operation Rights Fee (Biaya Hak Penyelenggaraan, or "BHP") and USO Contribution, as amended by MoCI Regulation No.19 of 2016 ("MoCI Regulation No.19/2016") specifies that every licensed telecommunication operator must pay the Telecommunication BHP and USO Contribution. Government Regulation No.53 of 2000 on Use of Radio Frequency Spectrum and Satellite Orbit ("GR No.53") and MoCI Regulation No.21 of 2014 also specifies the obligation for telecommunication operators that use a slot in the orbit for their satellite to pay a satellite orbit operation right fee.

Under the Telecommunications Law, telecommunication operators must participate in USO Contribution. Further, according to MoCI Regulation No.25 of 2015 on Implementation of Telecommunication and Informatics USO ("MoCI Regulation No.25/2015"), the USO Contribution will be the source funding for provision of information and communication technology infrastructure. This infrastructure provision is targeted to (i) remote areas needing access to information and telecommunication technology, or (ii) groups of citizens with disabilities or economic limitations.

According to the Telecommunications Law, failure to make the non-tax state revenue payment and participate in USO Contribution will be subject to administrative sanctions; the most adverse one of which is revocation of license. While we have not previously failed to make the requisite payments, any failure by us to pay these obligations may cause our licenses to be revoked. Any such revocation could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations and liquidity.

The interpretation and application of the anticipated enactment of a new consumer data protection regulation are uncertain and may adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects

Law No.11 of 2008 on Electronic Information and Transactions Law as amended by Law No.19 of 2016 ("EIT Law") first went into effect on April 21, 2008. This law sets forth general principles to be further implemented through a series of Government regulations, presidential decrees and ministerial decrees, some of which have not yet been promulgated. In general, the provisions of the law are broad, and few sources of interpretive guidance are available. A number of implementing regulations to the EIT Law have been enacted, among others, Government Regulation No.82 of 2012 on Implementation of Electronic Systems and Transactions ("GR No.82/2012") and MoCI Regulation No.20 of 2016 on Protection of Personal Data in an Electronic System ("MoCI Regulation No.20/2016"). These regulations are new and subject to interpretation by the regulatory authorities. Pending clear instances of the application of such regulations, it is uncertain how these regulations will affect us.

Not all of the implementing regulations to the EIT Law have been issued and some have only been recently enacted. Accordingly, the full impact of the EIT Law, the related implementing regulations and any change in Indonesian consumer data protection regulations on our financial and operational status cannot be determined at this time. There is no assurance that we would be able to comply with the EIT Law, or that the compliance would not require us to make substantial capital expenditure or delays in our business schedules.

Furthermore, it is anticipated that a new regulation will be enacted in the future; the form and timing of which is uncertain. The MoCI has issued a draft amendment to GR No.82/2012. The draft amendment (i) introduces a broad definition of electronic system operators that provide a "public service", (ii) introduces a brand new concept of data categorization, (iii) implements provisions for the registration of electronic system operators, (iv) implements provisions for the right to be forgotten; and (v) implements provisions for the Government's right to terminate access to electronic information and/or documents (generally in respect of unlawful online content). If this draft regulation is enacted by the

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Government in its current form, it is possible that we would be subject to several obligations such as registration with the MoCI, keeping onshore data centers and disaster recovery centers and treatment of data based on the new categorization. Further, to the extent that the implementation or interpretation by Indonesian regulatory authorities, courts or MoCI of the new regulations in connection with EIT Law are adverse to us, our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects could be materially and adversely affected.

Our electronic money business activity is highly regulated

We are subject to multiple rules and regulations in respect of our electronic money (e-money) business activities. The practice of e-money in Indonesia is mainly governed by Bank Indonesia ("BI") Regulation No.11/12/PBI/2009 on Electronic Money, which was most recently amended by BI Regulation No.18/17/PBI/2016 ("BI Regulation No.11/2009"). Any party which wishes to carry out e-money activities in Indonesia must first obtain an e-money license granted by BI. Although we, through our subsidiary Telkomsel, have obtained an e-money license from BI, we are still subject to evaluation conducted by BI. Under BI Regulation No.11/2009, BI is authorized to take further action based on the evaluation as it sees fit, among others, to revoke a license, to accelerate the license period or to limit the license holder's activity. Subject to evaluation, if BI takes the view that there are reasons to impose any of those further actions on Telkomsel, our ability to conduct business in the usual course would be limited, which may adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

BI Regulation No.11/2009 is implemented by BI Circular Letter No.16/11/DKSP dated 22 July 2014 on Electronic Money Operations, which was most recently amended by BI Circular Letter No.18/21/DKSP dated 27 September 2016 ("BI Circular No.16/2014"). See "Licensing – Payment Method Using e-Money". BI Circular No.16/2014 further implements the obligation for e-money license holders to report any change in the type or name, developments or addition of facilities to the e-money product. The amendment of this circular specifies that an e-money product with a different type and/or name, developments and/or additional facilities can only be issued after obtaining approval from BI. Further, BI Regulation No.11/2009 is also implemented by BI Circular Letter No.15/13/DASP dated 12 April 2013 on Report on the Implementation of Payment Using Card and Electronic Money Activities by Smallholder Credit Banks and Non-Bank Institutions ("BI Circular No.15/2013"). BI Circular No.15/2013 regulates the reporting obligation that must be satisfied by any party practicing e-money activity.

We must comply with these regulations as we are carrying out a business which is highly regulated. If we, through Telkomsel, fail to comply with any of these obligations, we will be subject to administrative sanctions. Any sanction imposed on Telkomsel could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects.

Risks Related to Development of New Businesses

We may not succeed in our efforts to develop new businesses

We believe that efforts to develop new businesses other than the telecommunication business such as consumer digital and enterprise digital businesses, as well as international expansion are necessary to ensure continuing business growth. Risks related to new business development include competition from established players, suitability of business model, competition from disruptive new technologies or business models, the need to acquire new expertise in the new areas of operation, and risks related to online media which include intellectual property, consumer protection and confidentiality of customer data. Further, we have to continuously and consistently secure new enterprise customers. If we are unable to secure new contracts, or we are unable to renew our existing contracts with similar contract value, size or margins to existing ones, this may adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition.

Focusing on international expansion is one of our strategic business initiatives. In particular, we have expanded into a number of jurisdictions in telecommunications or data related areas, namely Singapore, Hong Kong, Macau, Timor Leste, Australia, Myanmar, Malaysia, Taiwan, United States, Saudi Arabia and New Zealand. Expanding our operations internationally exposes us to a number of risks associated with operating in new jurisdictions, for example, our international operations could be adversely affected by political or social instability and unrest, regulatory changes, such as an increase in taxes applicable to our operations, macroeconomic instability, limitations on or controls on the foreign

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exchange trade, competition from local operators, difference in consumer preference and a lack of expertise in the local markets in which we will operate. Any of these factors could cause our expected returns from our expansion to be limited and could have a material and adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.

Other Risks

We are dependent on our subsidiary, Telkomsel

We derived 69.5%, 72.2% and 70.2% of our revenue in 2015, 2016 and 2017, respectively, from our mobile business through our 65% majority-owned subsidiary, Telkomsel. The remaining 35% interest in Telkomsel is held by Singapore Telecom Mobile Pte Ltd ("Singtel"). Singtel may seek to influence the management, operation and performance of Telkomsel. In the event that there are differences between us and Singtel, regarding the business, strategy and operations of Telkomsel, these issues may take time to resolve, or may not result in a positive outcome for our Group. These factors could adversely affect our business, financial condition and operating results.

Our financial results are reported to the OJK in conformity with IFAS, which differs in certain significant respects from IFRS, and we distribute dividends based on profit for the year attributable to owners of the parent company and net income per share determined in reliance on IFAS

In accordance with the regulations of the OJK and the Indonesia Stock Exchange ("IDX"), we are required to report our financial results to the OJK in conformity with IFAS. We have provided to the OJK our financial results for the year ended December 31, 2017, on March 14, 2018, which we furnished to the SEC on a Form 6-K dated March 16, 2018, which contains our audited Consolidated Financial Statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2017 and prepared in conformity with IFAS. IFAS differs in certain significant respects from IFRS and, as a result, there are differences between our financial results as reported under IFAS and IFRS, including profit for the year attributable to owners of the parent company and net income per share. We distribute dividends based on profit for the year attributable to owners of the parent company and net income per share determined in reliance on IFAS.

Based on IFAS financial statements, our profit for the year attributable to owners of the parent company would be Rp19,352 billion for 2016 and Rp22,145 billion for 2017 and our net income per share would be Rp196.19 for 2016 and Rp223.55 for 2017. Dividends declared per share were Rp136.75 for 2016. The dividend for 2017 will be decided at the 2018 AGMS, scheduled for April 27, 2018.

We were established in Indonesia and it may not be possible for investors to effect service of process or enforce judgments, on us within the United States or to enforce judgments of a foreign court against us in Indonesia

We are a state-owned limited liability company established in Indonesia, operating within the framework of Indonesian laws governing companies with limited liability, and all of our significant assets are located in Indonesia. In addition, all of our Commissioners and Directors reside in Indonesia and a substantial portion of the assets of such persons are located outside the United States. As a result, it may be difficult for investors to effect service of process, or enforce judgments on us or such persons within the United States, or to enforce against us or such persons in the United States, judgments obtained in United States courts.

We have been advised by Hadiputranto, Hadinoto & Partners, our Indonesian legal advisor, that judgments of United States courts, including judgments predicated upon the civil liability provisions of the United States federal securities laws or the securities laws of any state within the United States, are not enforceable in Indonesian courts, although such judgments could be admissible as non-conclusive evidence in a proceeding on the underlying claim in an Indonesian court. They have also advised that there is doubt as to whether Indonesian courts will enter judgments in original actions brought in Indonesian courts predicated solely upon the civil liability provisions of the United States federal securities laws or the securities laws of any state within the United States. As a result, the claimant would be required to pursue claims against us or such persons in Indonesian courts.

Our controlling shareholder’s interest may differ from those of our other shareholders

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The Government has a controlling stake of 52.09% of our issued and outstanding shares of common stock and the ability to determine the outcome of all actions requiring the approval of our shareholders. The Government also holds our one Dwiwarna Share, which has special voting rights and veto rights over certain matters, including the election and removal of our Directors and Commissioners. The Government may also use its powers as a majority shareholder or under the Dwiwarna Share to cause us to issue new shares, amend our Articles of Association or bring about actions to merge or dissolve us, increase or decrease our authorized capital or reduce our issued capital, or veto any of these actions. One or more of these may result in the delisting of our securities from certain exchanges. In addition, the Government regulates the Indonesian telecommunications industry through the MoCI.

As of December 31, 2017, the Government had a 14.29% equity stake in PT Indosat Tbk ("Indosat"), which competes with us in cellular services and fixed IDD telecommunications services. The Government's stake in Indosat also includes a dwiwarna share which has special voting rights and veto rights over certain strategic matters under Indosat's articles of association, including decisions on dissolution, liquidation and bankruptcy, and also permits the Government to nominate one director to its board of directors and one commissioner to its board of commissioners. As a result, there may be instances where the Government’s interests will conflict with ours. There is no assurance that the Government will not direct opportunities to Indosat or favor Indosat or any other telecommunication operator when exercising regulatory powers over the Indonesian telecommunications industry. If the Government were to give priority to the business of Indosat or any other telecommunication operator over ours, or to expand its stake in Indosat or acquire a stake in any other telecommunication operator, our business, financial condition, and results of operations and prospects could be materially and adversely affected.

Forward-looking statements may not be accurate

This Annual Report incorporates forward-looking statements that include announcements regarding our current goals and projections of our operational performance and future business prospects. The words “believe”, “expect”, “anticipate”, “estimate”, “project” and similar words identify forward-looking statements. In addition, all statements, other than statements that contain historical facts, are forward-looking statements. While we believe that the expectations contained in these statements are reasonable, we cannot give an assurance that they will be realized. These forward-looking statements are subjected to a number of risks and uncertainties, including changes in the economic, social and political situation in Indonesia and other risks described in this section "Risk Factors". All forward-looking statements, written or verbal, made by us or by persons on behalf of us are deemed to be subject to those risks.

Risks Related to Indonesia

Political and Social Risks

Current political and social events in Indonesia may adversely affect our business

Since 1998, Indonesia has experienced a process of democratic change, resulting in political and social events that have highlighted the unpredictable nature of Indonesia’s changing political landscape. In 1999, Indonesia conducted its first free elections for representatives in parliament. In 2004, 2009 and 2014, elections were held in Indonesia to elect the President, Vice-President and representatives in parliament. The next presidential election will be held in 2019. Indonesia also has many political parties, without any one party holding a clear majority. Due to these factors, Indonesia has, from time to time, experienced political instability, as well as general social and civil unrest. For example, since 2000, thousands of Indonesians have participated in demonstrations in Jakarta and other Indonesian cities both for and against former presidents Abdurrahman Wahid, Megawati Soekarnoputri and Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono and current President Joko Widodo as well as in response to specific issues, including fuel subsidy reductions, privatization of state assets, anti-corruption measures, decentralization and provincial autonomy, and the American-led military campaigns in Afghanistan and Iraq. Although these demonstrations were generally peaceful, some turned violent. Indonesia announced in November 2014, and implemented with effect from January 1, 2015, a fixed diesel subsidy of Rp1,000 per liter and scrapped the gasoline subsidy. Although the implementation did not result in any significant violence or political instability, the announcement and implementation also coincided with a period where crude oil prices had dropped very significantly

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from 2014. Currently, the Government reviews and adjusts the price for fuel on monthly basis and implements the adjusted fuel price in the following month. There can be no assurance that future increases in crude oil and fuel prices will not result in political and social instability.

President Joko Widodo won the Indonesian presidential elections which took place in 2014, and was sworn in as President on October 20, 2014. Although the 2014 elections were conducted in a peaceful manner, President Joko Widodo's governing coalition does not hold a majority of seats in parliament. Between November 2016 and February 2017, significant demonstrations took place in central Jakarta against the governor of Jakarta. These demonstrations occurred during the closely fought Jakarta gubernatorial elections which took place in February 2017 and continued through the subsequent run-off election in April 2017. Each of the foregoing events, as well as political campaigns in Indonesia generally, may be indicative of the degree of political and social division in Indonesia.

Separatist movements and clashes between religious and ethnic groups have also resulted in social and civil unrest in parts of Indonesia, such as Aceh in the past and in Papua currently. There have been clashes between supporters of those separatist movements and the Indonesian military, including continued activity in Papua by separatist rebels that has led to violent incidents. There have also been inter-ethnic conflicts, for example in Kalimantan, as well as inter-religious conflict such as in Maluku and Poso.

Labor issues have also come to the fore in Indonesia. In 2003, the Government enacted a new labor law that gave employees greater protections. Occasional efforts to reduce these protections have prompted an upsurge in public protests as workers responded to policies that they deemed unfavorable.

There can be no assurance that social and civil disturbances will not occur in the future and on a wider scale, or that any such disturbances will not, directly or indirectly, materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects.

Terrorist activities in Indonesia could destabilize Indonesia, which would adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations, and the market price of our securities

There have been a number of terrorist incidents in Indonesia in recent years, including the May 2005 bombing in Central Sulawesi, the Bali bombings in October 2002 and October 2005 and the bombings at the JW Marriot and Ritz Carlton hotels in Jakarta in July 2009, which resulted in deaths and injuries. On January 14, 2016, several coordinated bombings and gun shootings occurred in Jalan Thamrin, a main thoroughfare in Jakarta, resulting in a number of deaths and injuries. On May 24, 2017, a bombing at a bus station in Jakarta resulted in multiple deaths and injuries.

Although the Government has successfully countered some terrorist activities in recent years and arrested several of those suspected of being involved in these incidents, terrorist incidents may continue and, if serious or widespread, might have a material adverse effect on investment and confidence in, and the performance of, the Indonesian economy and may also have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects and the market price of our securities.

Macro Economic Risks

Negative changes in global, regional or Indonesian economic activity could adversely affect our business

Changes in the Indonesian, regional and global economies can affect our performance. Two significant events in the past that impacted Indonesia’s economy were the Asian economic crisis of 1997 and the global economic crisis which started in 2008. The 1997 crisis was characterized in Indonesia by, among others, currency depreciation, a significant decline in real gross domestic product, high interest rates, social unrest and extraordinary political developments. Indonesia entered a recessionary phase with relatively low levels of growth between 1999 and 2002. The rate of growth has stabilized at relatively higher levels in subsequent years, though there has been a moderate slowdown in growth from 2012 to 2016. In addition, the Government continues to have a modest fiscal deficit and a high level of sovereign debt, its foreign currency reserves are modest, the Rupiah continues to be volatile and has poor liquidity, and the banking sector is weak and suffers from high levels of non-performing loans. Accordingly, there is no assurance that the current Indonesian economic

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situation would not deteriorate, which could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects.

While the global economic crisis that arose from the subprime mortgage crisis in the United States did not affect Indonesia’s economy as severely as in 1997, it still put Indonesia’s economy under pressure. The global financial markets have also experienced volatility as a result of expectations relating to monetary and interest rate policies of the United States, concerns over the debt crisis in the Eurozone, and concerns over China’s economic health and economic protectionism. Uncertainty over the outcome of the Eurozone governments’ financial support programs and worries about sovereign finances generally are ongoing. If the current global uncertainties become protracted, we can provide no assurance that they will not have a material and adverse effect on Indonesia’s economic growth and consequently on our business.

Adverse economic conditions could result in less business activity, less disposable income available for consumers to spend and reduced consumer purchasing power, which may reduce demand for communication services, including our services, which in turn would have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects. There is no assurance that there will not be a recurrence of economic instability in future, or that, should it occur, it will not have an impact on the performance of our business.

Fluctuations in the value of the Indonesian Rupiah may materially and adversely affect us

Our functional currency is the Indonesian Rupiah. One of the most important impacts the Asian economic crisis had on Indonesia was the depreciation and volatility in the value of the Indonesian Rupiah as measured against other currencies, such as the U.S. Dollar. The Indonesian Rupiah continues to experience significant volatility.

In addition, while the Indonesian Rupiah has generally been freely convertible and transferable, from time to time, Bank Indonesia has intervened in the currency exchange markets in furtherance of its policies, either by selling Indonesian Rupiah or by using its foreign currency reserves to purchase Indonesian Rupiah. We can give no assurance that the current floating exchange rate policy of Bank Indonesia will not be modified or that the Government will take additional action to stabilize, maintain or increase the Indonesian Rupiah’s value, or that any of these actions, if taken, will be successful. Modification of the current floating exchange rate policy could result in significantly higher domestic interest rates, liquidity shortages, capital or exchange controls, or the withholding of additional financial assistance by multinational lenders. This could result in a reduction of economic activity, an economic recession, loan defaults or declining subscriber usage of our services, and as a result, we may also face difficulties in funding our capital expenditures and in implementing our business strategy. Any of the foregoing consequences could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects.

Downgrades of credit ratings of the Government or Indonesian companies could adversely affect our business

As of the date of this Annual Report, Indonesia’s sovereign foreign currency long-term debt was rated “Baa3” by Moody’s, “BBB-” by Standard & Poor’s and “BBB” by Fitch Ratings. Indonesia's short-term foreign currency debt is rated “A-3” by Standard & Poor’s and “F3” by Fitch Ratings.

We can give no assurance that Moody’s, Standard & Poor’s or Fitch Ratings will not change or downgrade the credit ratings of Indonesia. Any such downgrade could have an adverse impact on liquidity in the Indonesian financial markets, the ability of the Government and Indonesian companies, including us, to raise additional financing, and the interest rates and other commercial terms at which such additional financing is available. Interest rates on our floating rate Rupiah-denominated debt would also likely increase. Such events could have material adverse effects on our business, financial condition, results of operations, prospects and/or the market price of our securities.

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Disaster Risks

Indonesia is vulnerable to natural disasters and events beyond our control, which could adversely affect our business and operating results

Many parts of Indonesia, including areas where we operate, are prone to natural disasters such as floods, lightning strikes, typhoons, earthquakes, tsunamis, volcanic eruptions, fires, droughts, power outages and other events beyond our control. The Indonesian archipelago is one of the most volcanically active regions in the world as it is located in the convergence zone of three major lithospheric plates. It is subject to significant seismic activity that can lead to destructive earthquakes, tsunamis or tidal waves. Flash floods and more widespread flooding also occur regularly during the rainy season from November to April. Cities, especially Jakarta, are frequently subject to severe localized flooding which can result in major disruption and, occasionally, fatalities. Landslides regularly occur in rural areas during the wet season. From time to time, natural disasters have killed, affected or displaced large numbers of people and damaged our equipment. These events in the past have disrupted, and may in the future, disrupt our business activities, cause damage to equipment, and adversely affect our financial performance and profit.

For example, on September 2, 2009, an earthquake in West Java caused damage to our assets. On September 30, 2009, an earthquake in West Sumatra disrupted the provision of telecommunications services in several locations and caused severe damage to our assets. In June 2016, underwater volcanic activity caused disturbances to submarine fiber optic cable, causing disruption in services and loss of revenue. Given the geography of Indonesia, we are highly reliant on the use of submarine cables to provide services across the Indonesian archipelago. These submarine cables may be damaged by volcanic activity, or friction with the ocean floor caused by earthquake tremors or otherwise, which may disrupt our ability to provide services to customers.

Although we have implemented a business continuity plan and a disaster recovery plan, which we test regularly, and we have insured certain of our assets to protect from any losses attributable to natural disasters or other phenomena beyond our control, there is no assurance that the insurance coverage will be sufficient to cover the potential losses, that the premium payable for these insurance policies upon renewal will not increase substantially in the future, or that natural disasters would not significantly disrupt our operations.

We cannot assure you that future natural disasters will not have a significant impact on us, or Indonesia or its economy. A significant earthquake, other geological disturbance or weather-related natural disaster in any of Indonesia’s more populated cities and financial centers could severely disrupt the Indonesian economy and undermine investor confidence, thereby materially and adversely affecting our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects.

Our operations may be adversely affected by an outbreak of an infectious disease, such as avian influenza, Influenza A (H1N1) virus or other epidemics

An outbreak of an infectious disease such as avian influenza, Influenza A (H1N1) or a similar epidemic, or the measures taken by the governments of affected countries, including Indonesia, against such an outbreak, could severely disrupt the Indonesian economy and undermine investor confidence, thereby materially and adversely affecting our financial condition or results of operations and the market value of our securities. Moreover, our operations could be materially disrupted if our employees remained at home and away from our principal places of business for extended period of time, which would have a material and adverse effect on our financial condition or results of operations and the market value of our securities. The perception that an outbreak of infectious diseases or another contagious disease may occur may also have an adverse effect on the economic conditions of countries in Asia, including Indonesia.

We may be affected by uncertainty in the balance of power between local governments and the central government in Indonesia

Indonesian Law No.25 of 1999 regarding Fiscal Decentralization and Law No.22 of 1999 regarding Regional Autonomy were passed by the Indonesian parliament in 1999 and further implemented by Government Regulation No.38 of 2007. Law No.22 of 1999 has been revoked by and replaced by the provisions on regional autonomy of Law No.32 of

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2004 as amended by Law No.8 of 2005 and Law No.12 of 2008. Law No.32 of 2004 and its amendments were revoked and replaced by Law No.23 of 2014 regarding Regional Autonomy as amended by Government Regulation in Lieu of Law No.2 of 2014, Law No.2 of 2015 and Law No.9 of 2015. Law No.25 of 1999 has been revoked and replaced by Law No.33 of 2004 regarding the Fiscal Balance between the Central and the Regional Governments respectively. Currently, there is uncertainty in respect of the balance between the local and the central governments and the procedures for renewing licenses and approvals and monitoring compliance with environmental regulations. In addition, some local authorities have sought to levy additional taxes or obtain other contributions. There can be no assurance that a balance between local governments and the central government will be effectively established or that our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects will not be adversely affected by dual compliance obligations and further uncertainty as to legal authority to levy taxes or promulgate other regulations affecting our business.

ITEM 4. INFORMATION ON THE COMPANY

A. HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE COMPANY

Profile of Telkom Indonesia

We continue to seek to innovate and develop synergies among all of our products, services and solutions. Our long-term vision, which reflects our aspirations to be a more significant player in the digital space, is to “Be the King of Digital in the Region”. Our mission is to “Lead Indonesian Digital Innovation and Globalization”.

In order to achieve such vision and mission, we are currently undergoing a comprehensive transformation in five aspects of our business: human resources transformation, business transformation, structural transformation, cultural transformation, and infrastructure and system transformation.

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Company Name | : | Perusahaan Perseroan (Persero) PT Telekomunikasi Indonesia Tbk |
Abbreviated Name | : | PT Telkom Indonesia (Persero) Tbk |
Commercial Name | : | Telkom |
Line of Business | : | Telecommunications and network services |
Tax Identification Number | : | 01.000.013.1‑093.000 |
Certificate of Company Registration | : | 101116407740 |
Business License | : | 510/3‑0689/2013/7985‑BPPT |
Domicile | : | Bandung, West Java |
Address | : | Jl. Japati No. 1, Bandung 40133, Indonesia |
Telephone | : | +62‑22‑4521404 |
Facsimile | : | +62‑22‑7206757 |
Call Center | : | +62‑21‑147 |
Website | : | www.telkom.co.id The information found on our website does not form part of this Form 20‑F and is not incorporated by reference herein |
E-mail | : | corporate_comm@telkom.co.id; investor@telkom.co.id |
Rating | : | “idAAA” by Pefindo for 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017 and 2018 |
Date of Legal Establishment | : | November 19, 1991 |
Legal Basis of Establishment | : | Based on Government Regulation No. 25 of 1991, the status of our Company was converted into a state-owned limited liability corporation ("Persero"), based on the Notarial Deed of Imas Fatimah, S.H. No.128 dated September 24, 1991, as approved by the Ministry of Justice of the Republic of Indonesia by virtue of Decision Letter No. C2‑6870.HT.01.01.Th.1991 dated November 19, 1991 and as announced in the State Gazette of the Republic of Indonesia No. 5 dated January 17, 1992, Supplement to the State Gazette No.210 |
Ownership | : | – Government of the Republic of Indonesia – 52.09% – Public – 47.91% |
Listing on Stock Exchanges | : | Our shares of common stock were listed on the IDX and the New York Stock Exchange ("NYSE") on November 14, 1995 |
Stock Codes | : | – “TLKM” on the “IDX” – “TLK” on the “NYSE” |
Authorized Capital | : | 1 Dwiwarna Share and 399,999,999,999 shares of common stock |
Issued and Fully Paid Capital | : | 1 Dwiwarna Share and 100,799,996,399 shares of common stock |
Offices | : | – 1 Head Office – 7 Telkom Regional Offices and 60 Telecommunication Areas |
Service Centers | : | – 535 Plasa Telkom outlets – 4 GraPARI Telkom Group – 10 International GraPARI centers across Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Hong Kong, Macau, Taiwan and Malaysia – 432 GraPARI centers (including those managed by third parties) – 761 GraPARI mobile Units – 1,142 IndiHome mobile Units |

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Other Information | : | – Public Accountant KAP Purwantono, Sungkoro & Surja (a member firm of Ernst & Young Global Limited) Indonesia Stock Exchange Building, Tower 2, 7 th Floor, Jl. Jend. Sudirman Kav. 52–53, Jakarta 12190, Indonesia – Securities Administration Bureau PT Datindo Entrycom Jl. Hayam Wuruk No.28, 2 th Floor, Jakarta 10120, Indonesia – Trustee PT Bank CIMB Niaga Tbk Graha Niaga, 20 th Floor, Jl. Jend. Sudirman Kav. 58, Jakarta 12190, Indonesia PT Bank Permata Tbk Gedung WTC II, 28 th Floor, Jl. Jend Sudirman Kav. 29–31, Jakarta 12920, Indonesia – Custodian PT Kustodian Sentral Efek Indonesia Indonesia Stock Exchange Building, Tower 1, 5 th Floor, Jl. Jend. Sudirman Kav. 52–53, Jakarta 12190, Indonesia – Rating Agency PT Pemeringkat Efek Indonesia Panin Tower Senayan City, 17 th Floor, Jl. Asia Afrika Lot. 19, Jakarta 10270 – ADR Depositary The Bank of New York Mellon Corporation Barclay Street, NY, USA – 10286 – Authorized Agent for Service of Process in the United States Puglisi and Associates 850 Library Ave # 204, Newark, DE 19711, USA |
Employee Union | : | The Telkom Employees Union (Serikat Karyawan Telkom or "SEKAR") |

Information about the legislation under which we operate and a description, including the amount invested, of our principal capital expenditures and divestitures (including interests in other companies), since the beginning of our last three financial years, is contained elsewhere in this Form 20‑F.

Telkom Indonesia Milestones

1856‑1884

On October 23, 1856, the Dutch Colonial Government deployed the first electromagnetic telegraph service operation in Indonesia, which connected Jakarta (Batavia) and Bogor (Buitenzorg). We consider this event to be part of the beginning of Telkom’s history and have thus adopted October 23 as the anniversary of our “founding”.

In 1884, the Dutch Colonial Government established a private entity, "Post en Telegraafdienst" to provide postal and telegraph services.

1906‑1965

In 1906, the Dutch Colonial Government established a government agency named Jawatan Pos, Telegrap dan Telepon (Post, Telegraph en Telephone Dienst) to assume control over postal services and telecommunications in

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Indonesia. In 1961, its status was changed to newly-established state-owned company, Perusahaan Negara Pos dan Telekomunikasi ("PN Postel"). In 1965, the Government separated postal and telecommunications services by dividing PN Postel into Perusahaan Negara Pos dan Giro and Perusahaan Negara Telekomunikasi ("PN Telekomunikasi").

1974

PN Telekomunikasi was turned into Perusahaan Umum Telekomunikasi Indonesia ("Perumtel"), which provided domestic and international telecommunications services, and subsequently spun-off PT Industri Telekomunikasi Indonesia, which manufactured telecommunications equipment, into an independent company.

1991

Perumtel was transformed into a state-owned limited liability company and renamed Perusahaan Perseroan (Persero) PT Telekomunikasi Indonesia under Government Regulation No.25 of 1991. Our business operations were then divided into 12 telecommunication regions, which were later reorganized in 1995 into seven Regional Divisions, namely Regional Division I Sumatra, Regional Division II Jakarta and the surrounding areas, Regional Division III West Java, Regional Division IV Central Java and Yogyakarta, Regional Division V East Java, Regional Division VI Kalimantan, and Regional Division VII Eastern Indonesia.

1995

On May 26, 1995, we and Indosat established Telkomsel. We then conducted our initial public offering on November 14, 1995, with our shares listed on the Jakarta Stock Exchange and the Surabaya Stock Exchange (which have since merged to become the IDX). Our shares were also listed on the NYSE and the LSE in the form of ADSs, and were publicly offered without listing on the Tokyo Stock Exchange.

1999

Law No.36 of 1999 on Telecommunications (the "Telecommunications Law"), which became effective in September 2000, was enacted to allow the entry of new market participants in order to foster competition in the telecommunications industry.

We launched the Telkom‑1 satellite.

2001

We and Indosat eliminated joint ownership and cross-ownership in certain companies as part of the restructuring of the telecommunications industry in Indonesia. We acquired Indosat’s 35.0% shareholding in Telkomsel, increasing our shareholding to 77.7%. We divested our 22.5% shareholding in PT Satelit Palapa Indonesia, or Satelindo, and 37.7% shareholding in PT Lintasarta Aplikanusa. At the same time, we lost our exclusive rights as the sole operator of fixed line services in Indonesia.

2002

We divested a 12.72% shareholding in Telkomsel to Singapore Telecom Mobile Pte Ltd (“SingTel Mobile”), and decreasing our shareholding in Telkomsel to 65.0%.

2004

We launched an international direct dialing service for fixed lines with the access code of 007.

2005

We launched the Telkom‑2 satellite.

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2009

We underwent a transformation from an information telecommunication company to become a Telecommunication, Information, Media and Edutainment ("TIME") company. Our new image was introduced to the public with a new corporate logo and the slogan of "the world in your hand".

2010

We completed the JaKaLaDeMa submarine fiber optic cable project in April 2010 which connected Java, Kalimantan, Sulawesi, Denpasar and Mataram.

2011

We commenced the reformation of our telecommunications infrastructure through the completion of the Telkom Nusantara Super Highway project, which unites the Indonesian archipelago from Sumatra to Papua, as well as the True Broadband Access project to provide internet access with a capacity of 20 Mbps to 100 Mbps to customers throughout Indonesia.

2012

We increased broadband penetration through the development of Indonesia Wi-Fi as part of our “Indonesia Digital Network” (IDN) program. We reconfigured our business portfolio from TIME to TIMES (Telecommunication, Information, Media, Edutainment and Services) to increase business value creation.

2014

We became the first operator in Indonesia to commercially launch 4G/LTE services in December 2014.

2015

We launched IndiHome, which bundles in all-in-one packages services consisting primarily of broadband internet, fixed wireline phone and interactive TV services.

2016

We completed the construction of our new headquarters in Jakarta which we designed as a “smart office” with open office layout and smart building features in order to provide an inspiring working environment for our employees.

2017

The Telkom 3S satellite was launched in February 2017 and commenced full operations on schedule, starting in April 2017.

In August 2017, we completed the Southeast Asia-United States (SEA-US) submarine fiber cable connecting Manado, Indonesia to California, United States. The SEA-US cable is built, owned, and operated by a consortium of seven companies.

In October 2017, Telkomsel secured an additional 30 MHz spectrum at 2.3 GHz frequency, after winning the auction held by Ministry of Communication and Information.

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B. BUSINESS OVERVIEW

Strategy

We are currently transforming our Company to become a digital telecommunications company to meet our vision of becoming the "King of Digital in the Region", with a view to becoming one of the ten largest telecommunications companies by market capitalization across Southeast Asia, East Asia, South Asia, Australia and New Zealand.

In order to realize such vision, we aim to continue to digitalize business by adapting connectivity-driven business to end-to-end digital experience, transform into digitized enterprise, and embrace digital culture by agile and data-driven value creation and collaboration practices. Implementation of the digital culture includes elimination of manual processes to adapt proper developments of digital business and strong digital platform for our products and services. We also aim to improve customer experience and business processes which facilitate faster product development, delivery, and time-to-market, as well as efficient allocation of resources.

We intend to strengthen our broadband services, develop digital platforms and solutions as well as digital services. Our strategy is to deliver high quality digital TIMES products and services that are personalized and responsive to our customers' needs by leveraging our digital ecosystem, and synergistically providing a seamless offering. We believe this strategy will provide a platform for our growth and competitiveness in a dynamic industrial environment. In order to generate effective business growth, we will continue to organize and streamline our businesses to deliver value to our customers.

Business Portfolios

We organize our business under our digital TIMES portfolio in order to focus on creating customer value. Our six product portfolios are categorized under three lines of business, namely "Telecommunications Business", "Information Business" and "Media and Edutainment Business", and include services and extensions provided in conjunction with our business lines.

Our Telecommunications Business operates four product portfolios, namely:

| · |  | mobile portfolio, which comprises mobile broadband services as well as mobile legacy services including mobile voice and SMS;

| · |  | fixed portfolio, which comprises fixed voice and fixed broadband services;

| · |  | wholesale and international business portfolio, which comprises wholesale telecommunication services, which include our interconnection business, and our international business; and

| · |  | network infrastructure portfolio, which comprises our satellite operations, tower operations and infrastructure and network management.

Our Information Business operates our enterprise digital portfolio which comprises information and communications technology platform services and smart enabler platform services.

Our Media and Edutainment Business operates our consumer digital portfolio which primarily comprises media and edutainment services. We offer mobile-based digital life, e-Commerce and IPTV services to our customers.

We also operate a property management business which aims to leverage our property assets across Indonesia.

Historically, the largest share of our revenue has been derived from services related to our telecommunications businesses. Our business has not experienced significant seasonality.

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The following is a brief overview of our product portfolios.

A. Telecommunications Business

1. Mobile Portfolio

Our mobile portfolio comprises mobile voice, SMS and value-added services, as well as mobile broadband. We provide mobile and cellular communications services with GSM technology through our subsidiary, Telkomsel. Mobile services (including mobile data services) remained the largest contributor to our consolidated revenues in 2017.

Our prepaid services, which comprised 97.6% of our cellular subscribers as of December 31, 2017, are marketed under the brands simPATI, Kartu As and Loop. Our postpaid mobile services, which comprised 2.4% of our cellular subscribers as of December 31, 2017, are marketed under the brand kartuHalo.

– simPATI is a prepaid service that targets the needs of the middle class market segment to provide a high quality telecommunication service, through the purchase of starter packs and top-up vouchers. Telkomsel offers various packages from time to time, such as the simPATI Combo and Flash packages. Telkomsel provides traffic generated by simPATI subscribers priority of access to its network over traffic generated by Kartu As subscribers.

– Kartu A s is a prepaid service targeting the lower middle class market segment, and offers a more affordable price compared to simPATI.

– Loop is a prepaid service targeting the youth segment through the provision of attractive data package options.

– kartuHalo is a postpaid mobile telecommunications service targeted at the premium, professional and corporate market segments. kartuHalo offers several package options for our customers, including the HaloKick and HaloFit My Plan package options. Package options vary based on price and data allowance, among other factors.

Our total cellular subscriber base increased 12.9%, or 22.4 million subscribers, from 173.9 million subscribers (comprising 169.7 million prepaid subscribers and 4.2 million postpaid subscribers) as of December 31, 2016 to 196.3 million subscribers (comprising 191.6 million prepaid subscribers and 4.7 million postpaid subscribers), as of December 31, 2017. The increase in our total cellular subscriber base was primarily driven by an increase in simPATI subscribers as a result of our promotion of packages aimed at acquiring new customers in response to increasing competition.

Our mobile broadband services for all of our customers are marketed under the Telkomsel Flash brand name and are supported by LTE/HSDPA/3G/EDGE/GPRS technology. As of December 31, 2017, we had 85.3 million Telkomsel Flash subscribers, compared to 60.0 million subscribers as of December 31, 2016, an increase of 42.1%, or 25.3 million subscribers. This increase was primarily a result of our successful promotion of mobile package options which offered lower tariffs that incentivized our customers to migrate from the pay-as-you-use usage model.

We continued to expand our 4G/LTE network in 2017. We continually analyze the market for potential expansion of our 4G/LTE network. We only commit to expand or add capacity to our network in geographies where our analysis indicates there is sufficient demand to support the service. In 2017, we continued to deploy 4G/LTE services in more cities and had 49.6 million 4G/LTE subscribers and 4G/LTE services covering 490 cities in Indonesia with 28,153 BTS as of December 31, 2017.

2. Fixed Portfolio

Our fixed portfolio comprises fixed voice and fixed broadband services.

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In 2017, we continued to actively promote our “more for less” program, which aims to provide customers with more relevant benefits at a lower price through bundling services. Our bundling program is marketed under the retail brand "IndiHome", which allows customers to choose one or more of our services, which consist primarily of broadband internet, fixed wireline phone and interactive TV services, at a competitive price. We typically offer promotions for IndiHome products during festive periods such as Ramadan, Indonesian Independence Day, Christmas and New Year's Day.

In addition, we continued to add value-added services and features to our IndiHome product in 2017 in order to increase its attractiveness to potential customers. We offer customers the ability to upgrade internet speed and Over the Top content such as iflix, HOOQ and CATCHPLAY to enhance the customer experience. We also offer wifi.id services to our IndiHome customers, an add-on service which allows such customers to enjoy unlimited internet access at all Indonesia wifi.id access points. During 2017, we also intensified our efforts to encourage customers to use our myIndiHome application for service subscription, troubleshooting and as a payment gateway.

As of December 31, 2017, we had approximately 11 million subscribers on our fixed wireline network and 5.3 million fixed broadband subscribers.

3. Wholesale and International Portfolio

Our wholesale and international portfolio (which we previously referred to as our interconnection and international portfolio) includes wholesale telecommunications services and our international business which is conducted through our subsidiary Telin.

Wholesale telecommunications services comprise primarily interconnection services, as well as network services, Wi-Fi, value-added services, hubbing, data center and content platform, data and internet, and solutions. We earn revenue from interconnection services from other telecommunications operators that utilize our network and infrastructure in Indonesia, both for calls that terminate at or transit via our network. Similarly, we also pay interconnection fees to other telecommunications operators when we use their networks to connect a call from our customers. Interconnection services that we provide to other telecommunications operators comprise domestic and international interconnection services.

We also have limited operations and/or interests in a number of jurisdictions outside Indonesia in telecommunications and data related areas. Our international operations comprise operations in the following jurisdictions:

| · |  | Singapore, through Telekomunikasi Indonesia International Pte. Ltd. ("Telin Singapore"), where we operate as a telecommunications provider, providing cloud and connectivity, wholesale voice services and data center and managed services;

| · |  | Hong Kong, through Telekomunikasi Indonesia International Ltd. ("Telin Hong Kong"), where we provide wholesale voice services, wholesale data services, satellite transponder services, retail mobile services (MVNO) and operate a GraPARI center;

| · |  | Timor Leste, through Telekomunikasi Indonesia International S.A. ("Telin Timor Leste"), where we provide mobile cellular services, enterprise solutions and wholesale and international services;

| · |  | Australia, through Telekomunikasi Indonesia International Pty. Ltd. ("Telkom Australia") and its subsidiary, Contact Centres Australia Pty Ltd ("OneContact"), where we provide business process outsourcing services;

| · |  | Macau, through Telin Macau Limited, where we provide MVNO services and operate a GraPARI center;

| · |  | Taiwan, through Telin Taiwan Limited, where we provide MVNO services and operate a GraPARI center;

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| · |  | Malaysia, through Telekomunikasi Indonesia International Sdn. Bhd. ("Telin Malaysia"), where we have a minority ownership interest in a joint venture that provides MVNO services, international airtime services and support and wholesale voice services. We also provide VSAT services to corporate customers through TS Global Network Sdn Bhd;

| · |  | United States, through Telekomunikasi Indonesia International Inc. ("Telkom USA"), where we provide data services, internet connectivity (locating and operating PoP, peering, transit) services and wholesale voice services;

| · |  | Myanmar, through a branch office, where we provide IP transit services and dedicated internet access;

| · |  | Saudi Arabia, through a sales representative where we provide mobile services (under the SimPATI Saudi brand name, which is a co-branded product that we offer with a local operator); and

| · |  | New Zealand, through Contact Centres New Zealand Limited ("OneContact"), where we provide business process outsourcing services.

4. Network Infrastructure Portfolio

Our network infrastructure portfolio includes satellite operations, tower operations and infrastructure & network management.

Satellite

Our satellite operations consist primarily of leasing satellite transponder capacity to broadcasters and operators of VSAT, cellular and IDD services and ISPs, as well as providing earth station satellite up-link and down-link services for domestic and international users. We manage our satellite business through our subsidiaries, Metra and Patrakom. For more information see “Network Infrastructure and Development — National Network — Transmission Network — Satellites”.

In November 2017, we entered into a conditional sale and purchase agreement to acquire up to 70% of the equity of TS Global Network Sdn Bhd, a Malaysian satellite communications services and solutions specialist. The acquisition is subject to regulatory approvals. The total acquisition value is up to RM108.5 million, and will be paid in two tranches. This acquisition is being made in an effort to expand into the regional market and to strengthen our vision as a digital telecommunications company.

Tower

We lease out space to other operators to place their telecommunications equipment on these towers, for which we receive a fee. As of December 31, 2017, we had approximately 29,061 towers, comprising approximately 11,061 towers owned by Dayamitra and approximately 18,000 towers owned by Telkomsel, which was larger than the number of towers that were owned by each of PT Tower Bersama Infrastructure Tbk (“Tower Bersama”), PT Sarana Menara Nusantara Tbk (“Protelindo”) and PT Solusi Tunas Pratama Tbk, which are our principal competitors in the towers business. We aim to consistently expand our tower business, as we believe this is a strategic business in the telecommunications industry and intend to increase our tower rental revenues from third party telecommunications providers.

Infrastructure/Network Management

We build capabilities and provide managed infrastructure services by developing in-house capabilities and innovative solutions for infrastructure ecosystems to improve customer's profitability. We accomplish this through leveraging existing business in our portfolio and by performing construction and network maintenance works, and expanding the infrastructure services maintenance market in the region. As of December 31, 2017, we had completed the Southeast Asia-United States (SEA-US) submarine fiber cable connecting Manado, Indonesia to California and completed the construction of several segments of Indonesia Global Gateway (IGG).

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B. Information Business

5. Enterprise Digital Portfolio

Our enterprise digital portfolio comprises information and communications technology platform services and smart enabler platform services.

Information and Communications Technology Platform Services

We provide information and communications technology platform services, which comprise the following services:

| · |  | enterprise connectivity, including satellite transponder leasing, fixed voice, fixed broadband and data communication services (comprising IP VPN, leased channel, ethernet services and managed network services);

| · |  | IT services, including system integration, IT outsourcing, premises integration and professional services;

| · |  | data center and cloud services, which include enterprise data center, collocation, hosting, disaster recovery center and content distribution networks, and cloud services, which include infrastructure-as-a-service, software-as-a-service and unified communications-as-a-service;

| · |  | business process outsourcing services; and

| · |  | devices and hardware sales and services, under which we sell CPE hardware and provide certain services including support services and IT security services.

In November 2017, we signed a sale and purchase agreement to acquire 60% of PT Bosnet Distribution Indonesia, a leading FMCG (fast moving consumer goods) logistics information and communications technology solution company in Indonesia. In December 2017, we signed a sale and purchase agreement to acquire 60% of PT Nutech Integrasi, a systems integrator company in information and communications technology, especially in information and communications technology development for the public transportation industry.

Smart Enabler Platform Services

We also provide smart enabler platform services, in order to promote innovation, integrate industry ecosystems and foster change in consumer behavior in Indonesia. Our smart enabler platform services comprise services relating to:

| · |  | tourism, such as the Indonesia Tourism Exchange platform which provides digital solutions for and facilitates the connection of various businesses in the tourism industry;

| · |  | payment, which offers bill payment, online payment gateway, e-Money and direct carrier billing;

| · |  | digital advertising, including digital out-of-home, mobile advertising, digital agency, media hub and analytics solutions;

| · |  | big data and data analytics, which offers a platform service to generate insights for targeted digital advertising and better understand the customer; and

| · |  | other smart enablers, including Internet of Things platform and network connectivity services.

As of December 31, 2017, we provided a total bandwidth of 1,861,442 Mbps to our broadband customers and 938,040 Mbps to our data communication services customers.

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C. Media and Edutainment Business

6. Consumer Digital Portfolio

Our consumer digital portfolio primarily comprises media and edutainment services that we offer to consumers such as mobile-based digital services, e-Commerce services and IPTV services. We also operate a venture capital fund through our subsidiary, PT Metra Digital Investama, which is also known as MDI Ventures.

We offer IPTV services including TV-on-demand and video-on-demand that we provide as part of our IndiHome services. Our e-Commerce services comprise blanja.com, an online marketplace that facilitates consumer-to-consumer and business-to-consumer sales.

Our mobile-based digital services represent a group of digital businesses. Our mobile-based digital services consist of:

| · |  | digital lifestyle, which focuses on providing a mobile entertainment experience for customers by targeting different segments and leveraging Telkomsel’s trusted billing system to facilitate transactions. It offers applications for music (LangitMusik, MusicMax and Ring Back Tone), video (VideoMax) and games;

| · |  | digital payment (mobile financial services), which is focused on creating a digital financial ecosystem by offering digital payment solutions. TCASH is an electronic money service provided by Telkomsel, which provides a digital solution that enables Telkomsel consumers to perform banking activities in a safe, easy and simple manner. Activities such as paying bills, transferring funds, and making online and offline retail payments, can be done easily on our customers’ smartphones and/or feature phones;

| · |  | digital advertising and analytics are part of Telkomsel’s digital business offering, and consist of digital advertising business and mobile banking solutions. The digital advertising business provides digital advertising media solutions for marketers. Mobile banking solutions provides mobile functions for the banking industry, such as banking SMS and user menu browser services; and

| · |  | Internet of Things business, which was introduced in 2017 and will enable our customers to have visibility on and manage their smart devices with a goal toward improved efficiency, productivity and security, ultimately improving their business.

D. Property Management

Technological advancement in the telecommunication network engineering has given way to a more efficient use of equipment space. Our Company has been affected by these trends, as the adoption of newer and smaller-sized switching and transmission equipment has left significant areas of unused space in our building and land assets. Hence, we aim to leverage our assets which are not currently being optimally utilized to be developed into non network-related facilities such as office buildings, business buildings, hotels, and other profitable investments. We conduct this leveraging process through our subsidiary, Telkom Property. Services offered include property development (planning, development and development of property area), property lease (property leasing), property facilities (business line engaged in retail and leasing, transportation and management system) and property management (building management, mall, apartment and security service).

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In 2017, Telkom Property was undertaking several property developments in accordance with the targets and standards of our Company. The asset leveraging process can be split into two categories, namely "synergy projects"and “partnership projects”. Synergy projects are projects which involve the building up or fitting out of our idle land or building for use by our subsidiaries. Our goal for these projects is in achieving economies of scale and cost efficiencies. Synergy projects currently being undertaken by Telkom Property include (i) offices in Jakarta, Bandung, Medan, Denpasar, Pekanbaru, Pematangsiantar, Semarang, Sorong and Bekasi, (ii) hotels in Bandung and Makassar, and (iii) a residential complex in Surabaya. In the retail business, we undertake "partnership projects" where we offer our facilities to third party users for long term leases or other incremental services. Several prospective projects include office lease, restaurant, retail building rent, and co-working space collaborations. We seek to maximize revenue and profit in these projects despite property management being a non-core business activity for our Company.

Network Infrastructure and Development

The vision of our network infrastructure and development program is to “Be the Driver” of our overarching corporate vision, which is to “Be the King of Digital in the Region”.

The mission of our network infrastructure and development program is to develop and maintain an agile and resilient network and IT infrastructure in order to support our digital services innovation.

In line with our vision and mission, we classify our network infrastructure into two categories, namely: (i) our national network infrastructure, to support our Indonesia Digital Network program, which we discuss in greater detail below and (ii) our international network infrastructure, to support our international expansion program.

National Network

We believe infrastructure development and the provision of connectivity are crucial aspects in our vision to become the “King of Digital”. We continue to pursue development of our network infrastructure to offer more efficient and cost-competitive services, in line with the Government’s Indonesia Broadband Plan which lays out its aspirations to accelerate and expand broadband penetration in Indonesia. In addition, we aim to continue to develop and improve our network infrastructure with a view to developing a high-quality, efficient and competitive infrastructure in terms of costs for delivery of services.

As a result, we plan to continue to actualize digitization in Indonesia through our Indonesia Digital Network program which comprises three components, namely id-Convergence ("id-Con"), id-Access and id-Ring, described below:

| - |  | id-Con: represents our aim to realize the convergence of various elements of our network infrastructure into an integrated multi-service and multi-device Next Generation Network. id-Con is a strategic initiative that focuses on providing a platform for the design, development and delivery of TIMES services and solutions. In order to develop such platform and ensure the reliability and scalability of our TIMES services and solutions, we intend to continue utilizing our data center facilities, and our cloud management platform. In addition, we are focused on securing the integrity of our platforms. We aim to continue designing and developing industry-specific smart enabler platforms for certain industries in Indonesia, such as the transportation, healthcare and public sectors.

| - |  | id-Access: represents our strategy to increase nationwide fixed and mobile broadband access penetration. We are focused on expanding our fiber optic network and modernizing our current access network infrastructure in order to realize cost efficiencies and deliver new services. Under this program, we intend to continue replacing copper cable network with fiber optic cables and terminating legacy node service networks. We intend to continue laying out fiber optic cables which are able to serve multi-segment customers, including home and enterprise customers as well as the BTS network of Telkomsel and the network infrastructure of other operators. We believe that this may provide us with opportunities to expand our sources of revenue. In addition, we intend to continue improving the cross-operability of our and Telkomsel's broadband networks.

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| - |  | id-Ring: represents our aim to develop a resilient nationwide fiber optic backbone and establishing our domestic network infrastructure as a hub for international broadband traffic. In order to implement this strategy, we are developing the Indonesia Global Gateway cable system, which we intend to complete in the third quarter of 2018. It will leverage Indonesia's strategic geographic location and provide an alternative direct broadband connection between Europe, Asia and America. In addition, we are actively developing a nationwide infrastructure network with a fiber optic backbone, which covered 445 cities in Indonesia as of December 31, 2017. Furthemore, we are currently developing our Telkom-4 satelite, which is also known as the Merah Putih Satellite and is scheduled for launch in July 2018. This capacity of this satellite will be 60 TPE, which consists of 48 C-Band transponders and 12 extended C-Band transponders and it will cover the Southeast Asia and South Asia regions.

Fixed Wireline Network

As of December 31, 2017, we managed approximately 11 million fixed wireline (fixed voice) connections. The following table sets forth data related to our fixed wireline network as of the dates indicated.

|  | As of December 31,
Operating Statistics |  | 2013 |  | 2014 |  | 2015 |  | 2016 |  | 2017 |
Exchange capacity(1) |  | 13,918,369 |  | 13,946,801 |  | 14,946,076 |  | 15,738,803 |  | 13,253,971 | (3)
Installed lines(1) |  | 10,650,652 |  | 10,341,807 |  | 14,946,076 |  | 15,738,803 |  | 13,253,971 | (3)
Lines in service(2) |  | 9,350,806 |  | 9,698,255 |  | 10,276,887 |  | 10,663,000 |  | 10,957,118 |

(1) Exchange capacity and installed lines since December 31, 2015 includes capacity and lines from TDM-based, softswitch and IMS technologies, which leads to the exchange capacity being equal to the installed lines.
(2) Lines in service are subscriber lines and public telephone lines, including the lines in service that we operate under revenue-sharing arrangements.
(3) Due to node modernization program, our TDM and softswitch customers had been migrated to IMS, and we will not expand the exchange capacity and installed lines for those technologies anymore.

Cellular Network

Our cellular services, which are operated by our subsidiary, Telkomsel, have the most extensive network coverage of any cellular operator in Indonesia. Telkomsel currently operates on the GSM/DCS, GPRS, EDGE, 3.5G and 4G/LTE networks. The GSM/DCS network consists of 15 MHz of spectrum allocation on the 800/900 MHz frequency and 22.5 MHz of contiguous spectrum allocation on the 1.8 GHz frequency. Telkomsel’s 3G network uses 15 MHz of contiguous spectrum allocation on the 2.1 GHz frequency. In October 2017, Telkomsel won an auction for an additional 30 MHz spectrum on the 2.3 GHz frequency. The range of cellular services on the GSM network provided by Telkomsel extends to all cities and districts in Indonesia. In December 2014, Telkomsel became the first operator in Indonesia to commercially launch 4G/LTE services. In 2017, Telkomsel added 31,672 BTS (including 21,791 4G/LTE BTS), and as of December 31, 2017, Telkomsel’s digital network was supported by 160,705 BTS (including 28,153 4G/LTE BTS). In 2017, Telkomsel added an additional 9,901 3G BTS, bringing the total to 82,228 3G BTS as of December 31, 2017.

Data and Internet Network

In 2017, we continued to improve the quality of our data network by installing additional capacity and coverage. As of December 31, 2017, we provided broadband access using fiber optics to 18.6 million home passed. As of December 31, 2017, our metro ethernet network expanded to 202,401 Gbps, which is able to provide broadband services throughout Indonesia. The metro ethernet is also used as the main link for IndiHome broadband services, softswitches and integrated multimedia subsystems (IMS) related to voice services, video services, enterprise VPN services and GPON broadband services related to mobile backhaul and corporate business solutions.

As of December 31, 2017, we have extended the capacity of our internet gateway to reach an installed capacity of 1,510 Gbps. This ensures the adequacy of the internet gateway capacity in anticipation of the expected growth for both fixed and mobile broadband traffic. In 2017, we also operated content delivery networks (CDN) with an aggregate capacity

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of 1,621 Gbps in collaboration with Akamai, Google, Yahoo, Conversant, Edgecast, ChinaNet and OTT video content providers such as iFlix and HooQ.

As of December 31, 2017, we maintained eight main points of presence in Batam (at Batam Center and Bukit Dangas), Jakarta (at Jatinegara and Cikupa), Surabaya (at Rungkut and Kebalen) and Manado (at Manado Centrum and Manado Paniki). In addition, we also maintained 34 primary points of presence in 29 cities in Indonesia. During 2017, we completed two main points of presence in North Sulawesi (at Manado Centrum and Manado Paniki) and two primary points of presence in East Java (at Malang and Kediri).

Throughout 2017, we chose to dismantle certain access points which provided Wi-Fi services in locations where there was low utilization, which led to a decrease in total installed access points. As of December 31, 2017, a total of 352,642 access points had been installed.

Data Center

As of December 31, 2017, we operated data centers with approximately 102,200 square meters of gross facilities (inclusive of non-operational space such as parking lots, pedestrian walkways and grassy areas), including approximately 41,000 square meters of office space, located in Singapore and various sites in Indonesia. With the capabilities of this network, we are able to provide integrated data storage solutions to companies in Indonesia and Singapore.

Transmission Network

In 2017, we focused on the development of our broadband network, which serves as the backbone for our entire network infrastructure. Our backbone telecommunication network consists of transmission networks, switching facilities and core routers, which connect multiple access nodes. The transmission links between nodes and switching facilities comprise a terrestrial transmission network, in particular fiber optic, microwave and submarine cable systems, as well as satellite transmission networks and other transmission technologies.

Communications Cable System

Our transmission network had 23 backbone rings with an aggregate capacity of 120,000 Gbps as of December 31, 2017. As of December 31, 2017, we operate a fiber optic backbone totaling 90,854 km, which covers provinces from Aceh to Papua, including the Sulawesi-Maluku-Papua Cable System and the Aceh-Sibolga-Batam-Larantuka Submarine Cable System that we completed in 2017.

To increase our traffic capacity and broadband services in 34 cities in eastern Indonesia, we completed the construction of a backbone ring, known as the Sulawesi-Maluku-Papua Cable System (SMPCS) that connects these cities that have previously been served by satellite transmission. The Sulawesi-Maluku-Papua Cable System was developed in two segments, with the first segment being 4,300 km long, serving 21 district capitals and connecting Kendari, Manado, Ternate, Ambon, Sorong, Fakfak, Makasar and Maumere, and the second segment being 3,155 km long, serving 13 district capitals and connecting Jayapura, Sarmi, Biak, Manokwari, Sorong, Fakfak, Timika and Merauke. We completed the first segment in 2015 and the second segment in the first quarter of 2017.

In addition to the SMPCS deployment, and in order to fulfil our commitment to develop a nationwide infrastructure network with fiber optic backbone in several cities such as Sabang, Simeulue, Gunung Sitoli, Kalabahi, and Karimun, we also deployed an additional submarine cable system in 2017, namely the ASBL (Aceh-Sibolga-Batam-Larantuka) Cable System, which consists of five links: namely Banda Aceh-Sabang, Simeulue-Bakongan, Sibolga-Nias, Larantuka-Kalabahi-Atambua, and Batam-Tanjung Balai Karimun. The total length of this cable system is 775.18 km.

We also intend to leverage Indonesia's strategic geographic location and to provide an alternative direct broadband connection between Europe, Asia and America by developing the Indonesia Global Gateway (IGG) cable system. The Indonesia Global Gateway cable system is intended to connect two major submarine cable systems, namely the South East Asia-Middle East-Western Europe 5 (SEA-ME-WE 5) and, the Southeast Asia-United States (SEA-US) submarine cable systems. The Indonesia Global Gateway (IGG) cable system is also planned to connect 12 major cities within Indonesia,

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including Batam, Jakarta, Surabaya and Manado, spanning a length of 5,480 km. We expect this cable system to increase our domestic traffic capacity and broadband services. As of December 31, 2017, we had completed the construction of several segments of this cable system, namely in Manado, Makassar, and Bali. We expect to complete the construction of this cable system by the end of the third quarter of 2018.

Satellites

We operate two satellites, namely Telkom-2 and Telkom-3S.

The Telkom-1 satellite operates at orbital slot 108 E. It has a capacity of 36 transponders (which is equivalent to an aggregate of 36.00 TPE) consisting of: (i) 24 standard C-band transponders; and (ii) 12 extended C-band transponders, with coverage over Indonesia. We obtained an assessment from Lockheed Martin Corporation that estimated that the operational lifespan of the Telkom-1 satellite would be through 2021.

On August 25, 2017, a fuel leak affected the orientation of our Telkom-1 satellite, rendering it unusable and causing disruption to services provided by the satellite. As a result, we had to migrate the services which had previously been provided by Telkom-1 to our other two satellites or to third party satellites, which required us to lease some additional capacity. Services to affected customers were affected for a few weeks while migration processes were undertaken, but were restored to normal condition by September 11, 2017.

The Telkom-2 satellite currently operates at orbital slot157 E. We expect to operate the Telkom-2 satellite at such orbital slot for its remaining estimated operational life which ends in 2020. The Telkom-2 satellite has a capacity of 24 standard C-band transponders (which is equivalent to an aggregate of 24.00 TPE) with coverage over Indonesia and South Asia.

The Telkom-3S satellite was launched in February 2017 and began operations in April 2017. We have located the Telkom-3S satellite at orbital slot 118 E to replace the Telkom-2 satellite and transfered all of the Telkom-2 satellite's transmission services to the Telkom-3S satellite. The Telkom-3S satellite has a capacity of 42 transponders (which is equivalent to an aggregate of 49.00 TPE) consisting of: (i) 24 standard C-band transponders; (ii) 8 extended C-band transponders; and (iii) 10 Ku-band transponders, which would have coverage over Indonesia.

In addition, we have entered into a contract for the procurement of the Telkom-4 satellite, also known as the Merah Putih satellite. The Merah Putih satellite is currently planned for launch in the third quarter of 2018 as a replacement for the Telkom-1 satellite. It is currently being constructed and designed to have a capacity of 60 transponders (which is equivalent to an aggregate of 60.00 TPE) which would consist of: (i) 24 standard C-band transponders which would have coverage overSouth East Asia; (ii) 24 standard C-band transponders which would have coverage over South Asia; and (iii) 12 extended C-band transponders, which would have coverage over South East Asia.

All of our satellites are controlled from a main control station in Cibinong, Bogor in West Java. To ensure the continuity of services, we operate a backup control station in Banjarmasin, South Kalimantan.

We also leased a 67.29 TPE (transponder equivalent to 36 MHz) from the following satellites: Apstar-6 (134 E) in the amount of 12.58 TPE, Apstar-9 (142 E) in the amount of 10.52 TPE, Chinasat-10 (110.5 E) in the amount of 12.59 TPE, Chinasat-11 (98 E) in the amount of 1.88 TPE, Eutelsat 172A (172 E) in the amount of 10.64 TPE, JCSAT 5A (132 E) in the amount of 1.81 TPE, KTSAT 8 (75 E) in the amount of 1.81 TPE, Measat (91.4 E) in the amount of 9.25 TPE, PSN Incline (146 E) in the amount of 6.22 TPE.

International Networks

We plan to continue with the development of our international network infrastructure to support our international expansion strategy and vision to be the “King of Digital in the Region". We operate international gateways in Batam, Jakarta and Surabaya to route outgoing and incoming calls on our IDD service (“007”).

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We currently own or have interests in global submarine cable infrastructure that connects the continents of Europe, Asia and America through submarine cable system consortiums for the Batam-Singapore Cable System (BSCS), Dumai-Malacca Cable System (DMCS), Asia-America Gateway (AAG), Southeast Asia-Japan Cable System (SJC), the South East Asia-Middle East-Western Europe 5 (SEA-ME-WE 5) submarine cable system, which was completed in December 2016, and the Southeast Asia-United States (SEA-US) submarine cable system which was completed in August 2017.

To support our international services for both voice and data, Telin operates 57 points of presence in various parts of the world, including in Asia (nine points of presence in Indonesia, four points of presence in Singapore, three points of presence in Hong Kong, one point of presence in each of Dili, Dubai, Kuala Lumpur, Seoul, Tokyo, Taipei and Yangon), Europe (one point of presence in each of Amsterdam, Palermo, Milan, Stockholm, Luxemburg, Switzerland, Kiev, Warsaw, Moscow, Madrid, Sofia, Vienna, Frankfurt, Berlin, London, Manchester, Paris, Marseilles, Munich, Dublin, and Brussels), Canada (one point of presence in Toronto) and the United States (two points of presence in Los Angeles, CA and one point of presence in each of Ashburn, New York, Guam, Hawaii, Chicago, Seattle, Miami, Palo Alto, Santa Clara, and San Jose).

Geographic Distribution of Revenues

International expansion has become a necessity for us to be able to maintain a high and sustainable growth rate. We are developing and expanding our business outside of Indonesia to broaden and diversify our market. The following table sets forth the distribution of our revenues by geographic markets for the periods indicated.

|  | Years Ended December 31,
|  | 2015 |  | 2016 |  | 2017
|  | (Rp billion) |  | (Rp billion) |  | (Rp billion) |  | (US$ million)
External Revenues |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Indonesia |  | 100,456 |  | 114,093 |  | 125,970 |  | 9,285
Foreign Countries |  | 2,014 |  | 2,240 |  | 2,286 |  | 168
Total |  | 102,470 |  | 116,333 |  | 128,256 |  | 9,453

Overview of Telecommunication Services Rates

Under Law No.36 of 1999 and Government Regulation No.52 of 2000, tariffs for operating telecommunications network and/or services are determined by providers based on the tariff type, structure and with respect to the price cap formula set by the Government.

a. Fixed line telephone tariffs

Under MoCI Regulation No.15/2008, the tariff structure for basic telephony services connected through fixed line network is comprised of the following:

| · |  | activation fee;

| · |  | monthly subscription charges;

| · |  | usage charges; and

| · |  | additional facilities fee.

b. Mobile cellular telephone tariffs

On April 7, 2008, the MoCI issued Regulation No.09/PER/M.KOMINFO/04/2008, (on mechanism to determine tariffs of telecommunication services connected through mobile cellular network) ("MoCI Regulation No.9/2008") which

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provides guidelines to determine cellular tariffs with a formula consisting of network element cost and retail services activity cost. Under MoCI Regulation No.9/2008, cellular tariffs for the operation of telecommunication services connected through mobile cellular network consist of the following:

| · |  | basic telephony services tariff;

| · |  | roaming tariff; and/or

| · |  | multimedia services tariff,

with the following traffic structure:

| · |  | activation fee;

| · |  | monthly subscription charges;

| · |  | usage charges; and

| · |  | additional facilities fee.

c. Interconnection tariffs

Based on letter No.118/KOMINFO/DJPPI/PI.02.04/01/2014 of the Director General of Post and Informatics of the MoCI ("DGPI"), the DGPI required our Company and Telkomsel to submit Reference Interconnection Offer (“RIO”) proposals to the Indonesian Telecommunication Regulatory Body (“ITRB”) for evaluation on an annual basis. Subsequently, the ITRB in its letters No.60/BRTI/III/2014 and No.125/BRTI/IV/2014 approved our Company’s and Telkomsel's RIO revisions and approved an SMS interconnection tariff at Rp24 per SMS. On January 18, 2017, ITRB in its letters No.20/BRTI/DPI/I/2017 and No.21/BRTI/DPI/I/2017, decided to use the interconnection tariff based on the Company and Telkomsel’s RIO in 2014 until the new interconnection tariff is set.

d. Network lease tariffs

Through MoCI Regulation No.03/PER/M.KOMINFO/1/2007 ("MoCI Regulation No.03/2007") Regulation (on network lease), the Government regulated the form, type, tariff structure and tariff formula for services related to network leases. Pursuant to MoCI Regulation No.03/2007, the Director General of Post and Telecommunication issued Decree No.115 of 2008 which stated “The Agreement on Network Lease Service Type Document, Network Lease Service Tariff, Available Capacity of Network Lease Service, Quality of Network Lease Service, and Provision Procedure of Network Lease Service in 2008 Owned by Dominant Network Lease Service Provider” in conformity with the Company’s proposal.

e. Tariffs for other services

The tariffs for satellite lease, telephony services, and other multimedia are determined by the service provider by taking into account the expenditures and market price. The Government only determines the tariff formula for basic telephony services. There is no stipulation for the tariff of other services.

Marketing, Sales and Distribution

We have implemented a comprehensive marketing and promotional strategy to bolster our brand and to boost sales, including through marketing communication activities and product and service distribution channel development. To increase sales, we also use above and below the line marketing channels to promote our services to certain parties and communities. We also continue to place advertisement in printed and electronic media and implement marketing methods such as point of sales broadcasting as well as promotion and sponsorship events.

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We adjust our marketing and promotional strategy and customer service in accordance with the characteristics of our businesses, products and services as well as customer preferences. The following provides a description of our marketing and promotional strategies by each customer segment.

Mobile Customers

For our mobile customer segment, we focus our marketing efforts to encourage customers who currently only utilize mobile voice and SMS services to commence utilizing mobile broadband services. For instance, in 2017, we continued to offer device bundling programs under which we sell 3G-capable and 4G/LTE-capable devices which we bundle with data package options. We also continued our promotion of mobile package options in order to encourage existing mobile broadband services customers to increase their use of such services. In addition, we continued to focus on promoting data package options which target the youth segment which we market under our Loop brand. Our efforts to increase our subscribers and ARPU include providing digital lifestyle and digital payment services which we provide as mobile-based digital life services.

In 2017, we continued to introduce new products and to revamp our mobile package options in order to appeal to our various groups of customers. For example, we introduced HaloKick, a mobile package option for postpaid customers which offers rewards and benefit, including extra TCASH, Telkomsel points and large data and content allowances for accessing high definition streamed videos. In 2017, we also revamped our Talkmania voice package and combination package which includes voice and SMS bonus in order to maintain our legacy business and remain competitive in our data business. We also continued to promote our MyTelkomsel application by providing discounts to users who use the app to buy packages.

Consumer Customers

For our consumer customers, especially for IndiHome, which positions itself as a premium broadband service for home retail customers, our marketing strategy is to allow customers to access additional benefits through various add on options designed to meet a particular customer’s requirements. In addition, we continued to add value-added services and features to our IndiHome products in 2017 in order to increase its attractiveness to potential customers. For instance, we offer customers the ability to upgrade internet speed, various add on services such as minipack UseeTV, OTT streaming video, additional hybrid box, mania phone package, Movin' and OTT content such as iflix, HOOQ and CATCHPLAY to enhance customer experience. We also offer wifi.id services to our IndiHome customers, an add-on service which allows such customers to enjoy unlimited internet access at all Indonesia wifi.id access points. During 2017, we also intensified our efforts to encourage customers to use our myIndiHome application for service subscription, troubleshooting and as a payment gateway.

Enterprise Customers

For our enterprise customers, we implement a marketing strategy under the Smart Connected Society program, which comprises: (i) a smart government initiative, under which we aim to become the Government's strategic information and communications technology ("ICT") partner by collaborating with government on strategic ICT mega-deals that focus on the digital customer experience; (ii) an enterprise connected ecosystem initiative, under which we market end-to-end digital ICT solutions to our enterprise customers which provide customized solutions for each of our customers and (iii) the SME digital society initiative, under which we market basic ICT solutions in bundled packages to SMEs in Indonesia through crafting the best-fit digital market platform and SME customer experience.

Wholesale and International Business Customers

Our wholesale and international business customers are mainly domestic other license operators (OLO’s), service providers, global wholesaler and carrier, and enterprises that related with our product or services such as international data center or international connectivity (IPLC) besides retail customers in our international operation of MNO and MVNO. However, for both our wholesale and international business and our network infrastructure portfolio, we focus on implementing: (i) smart pricing, which is our strategy to tailor prices to particular types of customers and with the aim of maintaining interconnection traffic; (ii) maximizing existing data and internet business through aggregation of traffic from

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and/or to customers; and (iii) improving services for international data center, MNO, MVNO and BPO customers in order to maintain strong relationships with our customers.

Digital Service Customers

For our digital service customers, we implement a marketing strategy which focuses on strengthening and improving digital innovation, including by:

| · |  | creating digital services with unique features, such as digital music, video, gaming, e-commerce and travel;

| · |  | designing digital business models which we specifically tailor for each of our corporate customers;

| · |  | providing customer experience innovation through a digital theme park, experience center and digital experiences at our outlets;

| · |  | leveraging our assets and inventory to obtain increasing insight into digital services and customer experience; and

| · |  | growing the portfolio of our digital business through investment in digital startups in order to be a part of Indonesia’s digital ecosystem.

Distribution Channels

The following are our primary distribution channels for our products and services:

| · |  | Face-to-face customer service points include walk-in customer service points and mobile units, where customers have access to the full range of Telkom and Telkomsel’s products and services, including billing, payment, subscription cancellation, promotion and complaint handling. Plasa Telkom outlets generally provide access to Telkom products and services and GraPARI centers generally provide access to Telkomsel products and services. In recent years, we have been introducing Telkomsel products at certain Plasa Telkom outlets and have established four digital GraPARI outlets as of December 31, 2017, which offer both Telkom and Telkomsel products. As of December 31, 2017, we managed 535 Plasa Telkom outlets and 432 GraPARI centers in Indonesia (including GraPARI centers which are managed by third party business partners), 10 international GraPARI centers (in Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Hong Kong, Macau, Taiwan and Malaysia) and four GraPARI Telkom Group centers, which provide the most comprehensive services for both retail and corporate customers of Telkom and Telkomsel. Several of our GraPARI centers operate on a 24-hour basis. As of December 31, 2017, we also operated 761 GraPARI mobile units and 1,142 IndiHome mobile units which are sales points located in vehicles which can travel to reach customers across the country.

| · |  | Authorized dealers and retail outlets are distribution outlets for Telkomsel products such as starter packs, prepaid SIM cards and top-up vouchers. We operate an extensive network of authorized dealers and retail outlets across Indonesia. These dealers are non-exclusive, and they receive a discount on all of the products they receive.

| · |  | Partnership Stores are extensions of our distribution channels, in cooperation with a variety of third party marketing outlets such as computer or electronic stores, banks through their ATM networks and others.

| · |  | Contact centers are call centers that support our customers’ ability to access certain of our products and services, including making billing enquiries, submitting complaints and accessing certain promotions

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and service features. We operate 24-hour contact center facilities in Jakarta, Semarang, Bandung, Surabaya, Makasar, Malang and Medan.

| · |  | Account Management Teams are teams that manage relationships and account portfolios of large enterprises, Government agencies, medium-scale businesses and wholesale customers.

| · |  | Sales Specialists have deep product and technical knowledge in order to provide appropriate and effective recommendations of solutions to corporate customers who work together with our Account Managers.

| · |  | Tele Account Management is a team that supports our SME customers and prospective business customers through inbound and outbound calls for pre-sales, sales and other customer service requirements.

| · |  | Channel Partners serve as value added resellers that conduct sales and marketing activities to our enterprise customers to seek their specific requirements and to our retail customers to offer retail packages. We also engage third parties to conduct sales activities to retail customers at certain events.

| · |  | Digital Touch Points are web and mobile application-based services which we provide to our IndiHome subscribers and corporate customers. We operate myIndiHome, a self-care mobile application-based service for IndiHome customers, that allows customers to register new subscriptions, manage payments and billing, report and monitor network problems, access video-on-demand services and manage customer reward programs. During 2017, we also intensified our efforts to encourage customers to use our myIndiHome application for service subscription, troubleshooting and as a payment gateway.

| · |  | Websites, we operate www.telkom.co.id and www.telkomsel.com, which enable our customers to access certain of our products and services. Available services include e-Billing, registration, collective billing registration and submission of complaints.

| · |  | Social Media, we use social media, primarily Facebook, Instagram and Twitter, to enable customers to interact with us regarding our products and services.

Licensing

To provide national telecommunications services, we have a number of product and service licenses that are consistent with applicable laws, regulations or decrees.

We have secured new licenses that have been adjusted as required, which are as follows:

Cellular

Telkomsel holds licenses to operate a nationwide mobile cellular telephone network using 15 MHz of spectrum allocation in the 800/900 MHz frequency, 22.5 MHz of spectrum allocation in the 1.8 GHz frequency and 15 MHz of spectrum allocation in the 2.1 GHz frequency and 30 MHz additional spectrum in the 2.3 GHz frequency which was won at auction in October 2017. The licenses do not have a set expiry date, but will be evaluated every ten years. In addition, Telkomsel holds permits and licenses from and registrations with certain regional governments and/or governmental agencies, primarily in connection with its operations in such regions, the properties it owns and/or the construction and use of its BTSs.

In connection with the termination of our fixed wireless business and transfer of such business to Telkomsel, in September 2014, the MoCI, through Decision Letter No.934 of 2014, approved the reallocation of the 800 MHz frequency previously used for our fixed wireless business to Telkomsel. Telkomsel completed the takeover in October 2016.

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Fixed Network and Basic Telephony Services

We have the following licenses to operate local fixed network, fixed domestic long distance network, fixed international call and fixed closed network:

| · |  | MoCI Decree No.839 of 2016 (on license to operate fixed domestic long distance network);

| · |  | MoCI Decree No.844 of 2016 (on license to operate fixed closed network) ("MoCI Decree No.844/2016");

| · |  | MoCI Decree No.846 of 2016 (on license to operate fixed international network) ("MoCI Decree No.846/2016"); and

| · |  | MoCI Decree No.948 of 2016 (on license to operate circuit switched based local fixed line network).

These licenses do not have a set expiry date, but will be evaluated every five years.

International Calls

We have a license to operate a fixed network to provide international call services pursuant to MoCI Decree No.846/2016.

We have a license to operate a fixed closed network pursuant to MoCI Decree No.844/2016. This license allows us to lease installed fixed closed network to, among others, telecommunication network and service operators, and to provide an international telecommunication transmission facility through a SCCS directly to Indonesia for overseas telecommunication operators.

According to MoCI Regulation No.16/PER/M.KOMINFO/9/2005 (on the provision of international telecommunications transmission facilities through SCCS) ("MoCI Regulation No.16/2005"), overseas telecommunications operators wishing to provide international telecommunications facilities through the SCCS directly to Indonesia are required to set up a partnership with a fixed network of international call services or closed fixed network provider. In line with MoCI Regulation No.16/2005, the international telecommunication transmission facilities provided through SCCS are served by us on the basis of landing rights attached to our license to operate fixed network of international call services. We have also secured landing rights based on the landing right Letter No.006-OS/DJPT.6/HLS/3/2010 from the MoCI.

Directorate General of Post and Telecommunication of the MoCI (“DGPT”) Decree No.93 of 2016 (on limited fixed network license) granted our subsidiary, Telin, a license to operate a fixed closed line network which enables Telin to provide international infrastructure services. Separately, Telin secured landing rights in Indonesia from the DGPT to provide international telecommunications transmission facilities through SCCS.

The foregoing licenses do not have a set expiry date, but they will be evaluated every five years.

VoIP

We are licensed to provide internet telephony services for public utilization for commercial use as provided under DGPI Decree No.127 of 2016 (on internet telephony services for public utilization). Telkomsel is also licensed to provide public VoIP services based on DGPT Decree No.65 of 2015 (internet telephony services for public utilization). These licenses do not have a set expiry date, but they will be evaluated every five years.

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ISP

We are licensed as an ISP under MoCI Decree No.2176 of 2016 (on internet access services). Telkomsel is also licensed to provide multimedia internet access services with nation-wide coverage under DGPI Decree No.19 of 2016 (on internet access services). These licenses do not have a set expiry date, but they will be evaluated every five years.

Internet Interconnection Service

We hold a license to provide internet interconnection services pursuant to DGPI Decree No.331/KEP/M.KOMINFO/09/2013 (on internet interconnection service (network access point)). This license does not have a set expiry date, but it will be evaluated every five years.

Data Communication System (“SISKOMDAT”)

We have a license to provide data communication system services pursuant to DGPI Decree No.191 of 2016 (on data communication system services). This license does not have a set expiry date, but it will be evaluated every five years.

Payment Method Using e-Money

Following the implementation of Bank Indonesia Regulation No.11/11/PBI/2009, as amended by PBI No.14/2/PBI/2012, and Circular Letter of Bank Indonesia No. 14/17/DASP dated 7 June 2012, which was last amended by Circular Letter of Bank Indonesia No.18/33/DKSP (on the usage of card-based payment instruments (“APMK”)) and Bank Indonesia Regulation No.11/12/PBI/2009, as amended by Bank Indonesia Regulation No.18/17/PBI/2016 on e-Money, Bank Indonesia has redefined the meaning of “principal” and “acquirer” in operating APMK and e-Money business. In light of these regulations, Bank Indonesia confirmed our status as an issuer of e-Money based on letter of Directorate of Accounting and Payment System of Bank Indonesia No.11/13/DASP. We operate our e-Money business under the brand name “T-cash”. With the issuance of Bank Indonesia Circular Letter No.9/9/DASP, Telkomsel is also permitted to conduct APMK activities, with the launch of Telkomsel Tunai prepaid card.

These permits do not have a set expiry date or a period of adjustment as long as: (i) we and Telkomsel continue to conduct the relevant businesses and we do not violate any applicable regulation; and (ii) the Government does not amend or revoke such permits.

Remittance Service

We and Telkomsel have licenses to operate as money transfer services providers pursuant to Bank Indonesia letters No.11/23/Bd/8 of 2009 and No.12/48/DASP/13 of 2009. These permits do not have a set expiry date or a period of adjustment as long: (i) as we and Telkomsel continue to conduct the relevant businesses; (ii) we do not violate any applicable regulation and (iii) the Government does not amend or revoke such permits.

IP T V

On April 27, 2011, we and PT Indonusa Telemedia, formerly known as TelkomVision (“Indonusa”) as a consortium obtained a license to operate IPTV services through MoCI Decree No.MCIT.160/KEP/M.KOMINFO/04/2011 of 2011.

Construction Services Business License (“IUJK”)

In 2015, we renewed our IUJK which permits us to conduct national construction services, which is currently valid until November 2018.

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Content Provider Services

We obtained a content provider services license in 2017 through MoCI Decree No. 1040 of 2017 dated May 16, 2017.

Trademarks, Copyrights, Industrial Designs and Patents

We constantly seek to develop product and service innovations in line with a dynamic business portfolio. To provide both protection for and recognition of creativity and innovation, we have registered a number of intellectual property rights, including trademarks, copyrights, and patents with the Directorate General of Intellectual Property Rights at the Ministry of Law and Human Rights.

The intellectual property rights we have registered include: (i) trademarks for our products and services, corporate logo and name; (ii) copyrights on our corporate name and logo, product and service logos, computer programs, research and songs; and (iii) patents on technological inventions in the form of telecommunications products, systems and methods.

Telecommunications Industry in Indonesia

The Indonesian economy recorded growth of 5.1% in 2017 according to the Indonesian Central Bureau of Statistics along with national growth the telecommunications and information industry also recorded a healthy growth of 9.8% in 2017. This growth demonstrates that the need for telecommunication and access to information is still increasing and has become a basic need of Indonesian society and that people are continuing to increase telecommunication spending driven by an increase in purchasing power.

The telecommunications industry, especially the mobile segment, has been characterized by increased competition in recent years, particularly as operators have been offering promotions which include bonus data allowances in order to attract new customers. Customers have become more sensitive to data pricing, which has led to lower margins. We expect this competition to continue as operators continue efforts to attract new customers.

The penetration of SIM cards in the cellular industry in Indonesia is quite high, at well over 100%, making continued growth in penetration increasingly limited. By subscriber numbers, the three largest cellular operators in Indonesia are Telkomsel, Indosat and XL Axiata, which collectively accounted for more than 80% of the market share based on the estimated number of total subscribers as of December 31, 2017. As of December 31, 2017, Telkomsel remained the largest cellular provider in Indonesia, with approximately 196.3 million cellular subscribers and a market share of approximately 50.4% based on the estimated number of total subscribers.

The shifting trend from legacy services (such as voice and SMS) to data services continues to advance, driven by cheaper prices of smartphones as well as the rapidly growing youth segment. Data traffic has grown significantly, while SMS and voice service traffic has decreased. We expect that this trend will continue, given that smartphone penetration in Indonesia is still relatively low with relatively low data consumption by smartphone users, and that the growth of the telecommunications industry will be driven by the growth of data services.

One of the main challenges faced by the industry is the increasing use of Over The Top services that has become a substitute for voice and SMS services, in line with the growing number of smartphone users. This has happened not only in Indonesia, but also in developed countries where smartphone penetration is high.

Data consumption in the mobile segment continued to increase, and it is expected that the consumption level per user will continue to grow from the current average data consumption per user. Such growth in data consumption will require significant capital expenditure in order to provide the necessary increase in capacity and coverage to accommodate such growth. The level of ARPU in Indonesia is also relatively low compared to the global or Asia Pacific average.

The tower market experience demand disruption in 2015 and 2016 when the mobile network industry consolidated and conducted spectrum reallocation. XL acquired Axis in 2014 while Flexi and Bakrie Telecom effectively shut down their operations in the same year. The top four mobile network operators in Indonesia also spent part of their

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time in 2015 to reallocate the 1,800 MHz spectrum band in anticipation of 4G LTE technology roll-out. As the mobile network industry reconfigured its network requirement, the tower market demand experienced some setbacks during 2015 and 2016. Until end of 2017, we had approximately 29,061 towers, comprising approximately 11,061 towers owned by Dayamitra and approximately 18,000 towers owned by Telkomsel as of December 31, 2017, which was larger than the number of towers that were owned by each of Tower Bersama, Protelindo and PT Solusi Tunas Pratama Tbk. The tower market experienced less disruption in 2017 than 2015 and 2016. Tenancy growth has been improving as we foresee less tower rental demand disruption ahead.

The demand for fixed broadband services in Indonesia continued to increase in 2017, especially in the large cities, marked by an increase in total broadband subscribers. The Indonesian public is increasingly expecting high-quality internet connectivity to their homes as evidenced by the level of investment made by the Government and private enterprises for the development of fiber optic networks. Currently, the penetration of fixed broadband services in Indonesia is relatively lower than in some neighboring countries such as Singapore and Malaysia. Therefore, we expect that the fixed broadband segment will continue to grow in the future, in line with the expected growth of the middle class in Indonesia.

The increasing penetration of smartphones and data consumption has fueled the growth of digital content and applications. With better mobile data connectivity, people have begun consuming a variety of digital content and application services beyond social media, such as e-Commerce, digital payment, digital advertising, games and video streaming, and it has also led to a variety of innovative applications such as ridesharing, delivery and marketplace applications. We expect for this trend to continue in the future.

For the fixed broadband segmen the national fixed broadband market is still dominated by only few players. Link Net and Telkom hold a combined market share of approximately 80% in Indonesia. However, we still compete with other major fixed broadband service providers such as BizNet Networks as well as new providers such as PT Media Nusantara Citra Tbk and PT Eka Mas Republik (an affiliate of Smartfren Telecom which operates under the "MyRepublic" brand). Given that obtaining licences and “Right of Way” access to lay cables from local municipal governments remains a time-consuming in Indonesia, barriers to entry the market remain high. This year, we have launched a new offering in the market under the brand IndiHome Dual Play and its success led MNC Play Media to revamp their offering and Link Net to extend promotion periods. Link Net has implemented a niche market strategy targeting regions with above-average income earners and affluent residential areas to roll out its network and achieve a high ARPU. Meanwhile, as s the largest fixed broadband operator, we focus on the mass market across the country and have focused our efforts in upgrading its DSL-based customers into fiber-based ones.

Under the Indonesia Broadband Plan 2014-2019, which was implemented through Presidential Decree No.96 of 2014, the Government intends to facilitate an increase in access to fixed broadband infrastructure in Indonesia. The Government's goal is for access to fixed broadband infrastructure in urban areas (with capacity of at least 20 Mbps) to reach 71% of households and 30% of the urban population, and for access to mobile broadband infrastructure (with capacity of at least 1 Mbps) to reach the entire urban population by 2019. For rural areas, the goal is for access to fixed broadband infrastructure (with capacity of at least 10 Mbps) to reach 49% of households and 6% of the rural population, and for access to mobile broadband infrastructure (with capacity of at least 1 Mbps) to reach 52% of the rural population by 2019. In the Indonesia Broadband Plan 2014-2019, broadband is defined as internet access with guaranteed nonstop connectivity, guaranteed durability and network security, as well as triple-play capability comprised of voice, internet and IPTV services with a minimum speed of 2 Mbps for fixed access and 1 Mbps for mobile access.

Competition

Competition Law

The Indonesian telecommunications sector is regulated by the Telecommunications Law, which became effective on September 8, 2000. The Telecommunications Law sets guidelines for industry reforms, including industry liberalization, to facilitate new entrants as well as to increase transparency and competition. The Telecommunications Law abolished the concept of "organizing entities" in the industry, which terminated the special status of Telkom and Indosat as the organizing bodies responsible for coordinating telecommunication services domestically and internationally. In

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order to increase competition, the Telecommunications Law prohibits monopolistic practices and unfair competition among fellow telecommunication operators.

The Telecommunications Law is implemented through various Government regulations and ministerial regulations, including Government Regulation No.52/2000, MoCI Regulation No.1/PER/M.KOMINFO/01/2010 (on provision of telecommunication networks), as amended by MoCI Regulation No.7 of 2015, Decree of the Minister of Transportation No.KM33 of 2004 (on monitoring of fair competition of the fixed network and basic telephone service operations) and Decree of the Minister of Transportation No.KM.4 of 2001 (on the national basic technical plan 2000 for the national telecommunications development) ("National Technical Telecommunications Plan"). The National Technical Telecommunications Plan has been amended several times, most recently by MoCI Regulation No.17 of 2014. Along with the Telecommunications Law, the National Technical Telecommunications Plan determines the basic vision for the development of Indonesia’s telecommunications regulator.

The government is currently encouraging healthy competition and transparency in the telecommunications sector, even though the government does not prevent operators from obtaining a dominant position or increasing their dominance in the market through specific regulations. Nevertheless, the government prohibits market leading operators from abusing their dominant position.

Competition in the telecommunications sector, like all Indonesian business sectors, is also governed more generally by the Competition Law. The Competition Law prohibits agreements and activities which amount to unfair business competition and an abuse of a dominant market position. Pursuant to the Competition Law, the KPPU was established as Indonesia’s antitrust regulator with the authority to enforce the provisions of the Competition Law.

The Competition Law is implemented by various regulations, including Government Regulation No.57/2010 (on mergers and acquisitions potentially causing monopolistic practices or unfair business practices) ("GR No.57/2010"). GR No.57/2010 permits voluntary consultation with the KPPU prior to a merger or acquisition, which will result in the KPPU issuing a non-binding opinion. GR No.57/2010 also requires that a mandatory report be made to the KPPU after a merger or acquisition is completed if the transaction exceeds certain asset or sales value thresholds.

Cellular

We operate our cellular service business through our 65% majority-owned subsidiary, Telkomsel.

As of December 31, 2017, Telkomsel remained the largest cellular provider in Indonesia, with approximately 196.3 million cellular subscribers and a market share of approximately 50.4% based on the estimated number of total subscribers. The next largest providers were Indosat and XL Axiata, which had a market share of approximately 28.3% and 13.7%, respectively, based on the estimated number of total subscribers as of December 31, 2017. Several other smaller GSM and CDMA operators also provide cellular services in Indonesia, including Hutchison, which is part of the Hutchison Asia Telecom Group and operates under the "3" or "Tri" brand, and Smartfren Telecom, which is part of the Sinar Mas Group.

The penetration of SIM cards in the cellular industry in Indonesia is quite high, at well over 100%, making continued growth in penetration increasingly limited. There were approximately 389.2 million cellular subscribers in Indonesia as of December 31, 2017, a 3.2% increase from 377.1 million as of December 31, 2016 according to BMI Research (a Fitch Group company). The shifting trend from legacy services (such as voice and SMS) to data services continues to advance, driven by cheaper prices of smartphones as well as the rapidly growing youth segment. Data traffic has grown significantly, while SMS service traffic has decreased. During the second half of 2017, Telkomsel saw a steep decrease in voice usage. Minutes of usage per mobile subscriber also started to drop in the second half of 2017. These trends are likely to continue for the forseeable future, and are attributable to the substitution of traditional voice and SMS services to Over the Top based calling and messaging services as smartphone penetration in Indonesia has risen.

The following table sets out information as of December 31, 2017 for each of three leading cellular providers in Indonesia:

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|  | Operator
|  | Telkomsel |  | Indosat |  | XL Axiata
Launch date |  | 1995 |  | 1967 |  | 1996 (2)
Neutral - 2G, 3G and/or 4G spectrum allocation (GSM 900 MHz) |  | 15 MHz |  | 10 MHz |  | 7.5 MHz
Neutral - 2G, 3G and/or 4G spectrum allocation (GSM 1.8 GHz) |  | 22.5 MHz |  | 20 MHz |  | 22.5 MHz
Neutral - 2G, 3G and/or 4G spectrum allocation (2.1 GHz) |  | 15 MHz |  | 15 MHz (3) |  | 15 MHz
Time Division Duplex (TDD) technology (2.3 GHz) |  | 30 MHz (4) |  | - |  | -
Market share (1) |  | 50.4% |  | 28.3% |  | 13.7%
Subscriber (1) |  | 196.3 million |  | 110.2 million |  | 53.5 million

(1) as of December 31, 2017
(2) Excelcomindo Pratama was established in 1989, and launched mobile service operations as XL in 1996 (3) includes 5MHz additional spectrum at the 2.1 GHz frequency that Indosat won at spectrum action (4) comprises additional spectrum in at the 2.3 GHz frequency that Telkomsel won at spectrum auction

Fixed Services

We compete with other major fixed broadband service providers such as PT Link Net Tbk ("Link Net"), First Media and PT Supra Primatama Nusantara ("BizNet Networks") as well as new providers such as PT Media Nusantara Citra Tbk ("MNC Play Media") and PT Eka Mas Republik (an affiliate of Smartfren Telecom which operates under the "MyRepublic" brand). Link Net is the leader in the premium segment. In recent years, it has been facing competition from new players MNC Play Media and My Republic which primarily target the affluent household market in Greater Jakarta. Biz Net Networks is competitive in the corporate segment, particularly in Java and Bali. On the other hand, our IndiHome service focuses on the mass market across Indonesia, and our focus in recent years has been to upgrade DSL customers to fiber based broadband in order to deliver better quality of service and expand our digital services.

International Direct Dialing (IDD)

We compete in traditional IDD services (non-VoIP) in Indonesia primarily with Indosat. However, in line with development of digital technology, our IDD services also face competition from VoIP and other Over The Top voice services such as Skype, WhatsApp and Line.

Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP)

We have operated our voice service through VoIP technology since 2002. VoIP uses data communications to transfer voice traffic over the internet, which usually provides substantial cost savings to subscribers. A number of other companies, including XL Axiata, Indosat, PT Atlasat Solusindo, PT Gaharu Sejahtera, PT Satria Widya Prima, PT Primedia Armoekadata Internet and PT Jasnita Telekomindo also provide licensed VoIP services in Indonesia.

Satellite

The Asia Pacific region and especially Southeast Asia continues to need satellites for both telecommunications and broadcasting infrastructure, due to the characteristics of the region as an archipelago. The capabilities provided by satellites include cellular backhaul, broadband backhaul, enterprise network, occasional usage TV, military and government network, video distribution, DTH television, flight communication and disaster recovery.

We compete with a number of other satellite operators with satellites covering Southeast Asia and South Asia, and several operators are in the process of developing satellites with coverage over these regions. The Telkom-3S satellite became operational in April 2017 and we are currently developing the Telkom-4 satellite as a replacement for the Telkom-1 satellite (which became unusable after a fuel leak in August 2017), which is currently planned for launch in the third quarter of 2018. The Telkom-3S satellite, operates at orbital slot 118 E and the Telkom-2 satellite operates at orbital slot 157 E.

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Tower

The tower market experienced demand disruption in demand during 2015-2016 as a result of mobile industry consolidation and spectrum reallocation. XL acquired Axis in 2014 while Flexi and Bakrie Telecom effectively shut down their operations in the same year. The four largest mobile network operators also reallocated the 1,800 MHz spectrum band in anticipation of 4G LTE technology rollout. As the mobile network industry reconfigured its network requirements, the tower market demand experienced setbacks in 2015-2016. As a result, new market opportunities opened for tower operators that allow co-location by multiple telecommunications providers in the next year. We expect tenancy demand to be more stable in 2018 as a result of mobile broadband expansion.

As of December 31, 2017, we had approximately 29,061 towers, comprised of approximately 11,061 towers owned by Dayamitra and approximately 18,000 towers owned by Telkomsel, which was larger than the number of towers that were owned by each of Tower Bersama, Protelindo and PT Solusi Tunas Pratama Tbk, which are our principal competitors in the towers business.

Others

The dynamic development of the telecommunications sector has opened up new opportunities, particularly with the increasing growth of Over The Top services which provide a substitute service to basic telecommunications services such as voice and SMS. Certain Over The Top service providers are particularly popular, including WhatsApp, Facebook, Line, among others. The presence of these Over The Top services has affected the use of legacy services which has resulted in traffic falling in past years.

Legal Basis and Regulation

The framework for the telecommunications industry comprises specific laws, government regulations, ministerial regulations and ministerial decrees enacted and issued from time to time.

Telecommunications Law

The telecommunications sector is primarily governed by the Telecommunications Law, which became effective on September 8, 2000. The Telecommunications Law sets guidelines for industry reforms, including industry liberalization, facilitation of new entrants, and enhanced transparency and competition.

The Telecommunications Law eliminated the concept of “organizing entities” thereby ending our and Indosat’s responsibility for coordinating domestic and international telecommunications services, respectively. To enhance competition, the Telecommunications Law prohibits monopolistic practices and unfair competition among telecommunications operators.

The Telecommunications Law was implemented through several Government Regulations, Ministerial Regulations and Ministerial Decrees. The most important of such regulations include:

| · |  | Government Regulation No.52/2000 (on telecommunications services).

| · |  | MoCI Regulation No.1/PER/M.KOMINFO/01/2010 (on operation of telecommunications networks), as amended by MoCI Regulation No.7 of 2015.

| · |  | Minister of Transportation Decree No.KM.21/2001 (on the provision of telecommunications services) that was most recently amended by MoCI Regulation No.8/2015.

| · |  | Minister of Transportation Decree No.33/2004 (on the supervision of healthy competition in the provision of fixed network and basic telephony services).

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| · |  | Minister of Transportation Decree No.KM.4/2001 (on the determination of fundamental technical plan national 2000 for national telecommunications development) that was most recently amended by MoCI Regulation No.17/2014.

Telecommunications Regulators

The authority to regulate the telecommunications industry is held by the MoCI. Pursuant to authorities assigned to him under the Telecommunications Law, the Minister of Communication and Informatics sets policies, regulates, supervises and controls the telecommunications industry in Indonesia. The authority to regulate the postal and telecommunications sectors in Indonesia including with respect to licensing, numbering, interconnection, universal service obligation and business competition is held by the Directorate General of Post and Informatics of the MoCI (“DGPI”). The authority to regulate matters related to radio frequency spectrum and standardization of telecommunications equipment in Indonesia is held by the Directorate General of Posts and Informatics Resources and Equipment of the MoCI (“DGRE”).

On July 11, 2003, the Ministry of Communication promulgated the Telecommunications Regulatory Authority Regulation, pursuant to which it delegated its authority to regulate, supervise and control the Indonesian telecommunications sector to the ITRA, while maintaining the authority to formulate policies for the industry. The ITRA is chaired by the DGPI and comprises nine members, including six members of the public and three members selected from Government institutions (DGRE and Director of DGPI and a government representative appointed by the Minister of Communication and Information).

Classification and Licensing of Telecommunications Providers

The Telecommunications Law organized telecommunication services into following three categories: (i) provision of telecommunication networks; (ii) provision of telecommunication services; and (iii) provision of special telecommunications services.

Licenses issued by MoCI are required for each category of telecommunications services. MoCI Regulation No.1/2010 and Minister of Transportation Decree No.KM.21/2001, which was last amended by MoCI Regulation No.8/2015, (on operation of telecommunications services) , are the principal implementing regulations governing licensing.

MoCI Regulation No.1/2010 classified network operations into fixed and mobile networks. Minister of Transportation Decree No.KM.21/2001, as amended, categorized the provision of services into basic telephony services, value-added telephony services, and multimedia services.

IDD Services

We have a license to provide IDD services under MoCI Decree No.846/2016. We offer IDD fixed line services to customers using the “007” IDD access code.

Cellular

Cellular telephone service is provided in Indonesia on radio frequency spectrum in the 1.8 GHz (neutral technology) and 2.1 GHz (neutral technology) and 900 MHz (neutral technology) and 2.3 GHz (BWA/TDD). The MoCI regulates the use and allocation of radio frequency spectrum for mobile cellular networks. Telkomsel has obtained frequency allocation for cellular services on the 800 MHz, 900 MHz, 1.8 GHz, 2.1 GHz and 2.3 GHz frequencies. The allocation of spectrum in the 2.1 GHz frequency is regulated by:

| · |  | MoCI Decree No.19/KEP/M.KOMINFO/2/2006 (on the determination of winner of IMT‑2000 mobile cellular operator selection at 2.1 GHz frequency).

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| · |  | MoCI Decree No.268/KEP/M.KOMINFO/9/2009 (on the determination of additional allocation of radio frequency bandwidth blocks, tariffs, and payment scheme radio frequency spectrum right of usage fees for IMT‑2000 mobile cellular operators at 2.1 GHz frequency).

| · |  | MoCI Decree No.191 of 2013 (on the determination of Telkomsel as winner in the selection of users of additional frequency bandwidth at 2.1 GHz frequency for IMT‑2000 mobile cellular operators).

Interconnection

The Telecommunications Law expressly prohibits monopolistic and unfair business practices and requires network providers to allow users to access other users or obtain services from other networks by paying interconnection fees agreed upon by each network operator. Government Regulation No.52/2000 (on telecommunications operations) provides that interconnection charges between two or more network operators must be transparent, mutually agreed upon and fair.

On February 8, 2006, the MoCI issued Regulation No.8/PER/M.KOMINFO/02/2006 (on interconnection) (“MoCI Regulation No.8/2006”), which mandated a cost-based interconnection tariff scheme for all network and services operators and replaced the previous revenue-sharing scheme. Under the new scheme, interconnection charges are determined by the network operator which terminates the call based on a long-run incremental cost formula. MoCI Regulation No.8/2006 requires operators to submit to the ITRA annual RIO proposals containing proposed interconnection tariffs for the coming year. Operators are required to use the cost-based methodology in preparing RIO proposals, and the ITRA and MoCI are required to use the same methodology in evaluating the RIO proposals and approving interconnection tariffs.

Pursuant to MoCI Regulation No.8/2006 and ITRA Letter No.246/BRTI/VIII/2007, we submitted a RIO proposal to the ITRA in October 2007, which covered adjustments for operational, configuration, technical and service offerings. In December 2007, we and all other network operators signed new interconnection agreements that superseded previous interconnection agreements between us and other network operators, and also amended all interconnection agreements signed in December 2006.

On February 5, 2008, the ITRA required that we and other operators begin implementing the cost-based interconnection tariff regime. New interconnection charges were implemented as stipulated in ITRA Letter No.227/BRTI/XII/2010 (on the implementation of interconnection charges) in 2011. This was the result of interconnection charges recalculation conducted in 2010 by MoCI that was agreed upon by all operators and outlined in a memorandum of understanding.

On December 12, 2011, the ITRA changed the SMS interconnection fee basis from a “Sender Keep All” basis to a cost basis interconnection fee calculation, which required certain amendments to RIOs agreed upon in 2011. MoCI Regulation No.8/2006 stipulates that the RIO of telecommunications network operators generating operating revenue that is equal to or more than 25% of the combined revenues of all telecommunication operators that serve the same respective segment, must obtain the ITRA’s approval, necessitating changes in our and Telkomsel’s RIOs which were approved on June 20, 2012. ITRB in its letters No.60/BRTI/III/2014 and No.125/BRTI/IV/2014 approved our and Telkomsel’s revisions of RIOs regarding the interconnection tariff. Based on the letter, ITRB also approved the changes to the SMS interconnection tariff to Rp24 per SMS. As of the date of this Annual Report, no recalculation of interconnection fees for 2014 had been carried out as doing so would have been preceded by an evaluation on interconnection charges in 2013.

VoIP

In January 2007, the Government implemented interconnection regulations and a five-digit access code system for VoIP services pursuant to MoCI Decree No.06/P/M.KOMINFO/5/2005. Under the Decree, the prefix for VoIP, which was originally 01X, was changed to 010XY. On April 27, 2011, the MoCI issued Regulation No.14/PER/M.KOMINFO/04/2011, as partly revoked by MoCI Regulation No.11 of 2014, which imposed quality control standards in relation to VoIP services and this became effective three months thereafter, to which we and other operators must adhere.

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IPTV

IPTV business is currently regulated under MoCI Regulation No.6 of 2017 on the Implementation of Internet Protocol Television Services ("MoCI Regulation No.6/2017"). MoCI Regulation No.6/2017 regulates, among others, the rights and obligations of IPTV providers, technical standards, foreign ownership requirements and the use of domestic independent content providers. Government Regulation No.52/2005 (on broadcasting implementation of the broadcasting subscription institute) provides that broadcasting can be conducted using satellites, cables and terrestrial transmitters. Broadcasting using satellite could have a nationwide range, while cables and terrestrial transmitters have a range of a particular region.

MoCI Regulation No.6/2017 recognizes IPTV as a convergence of telecommunications, broadcasting, multimedia and electronic transactions and provides that only a consortium comprising at least two Indonesian entities may be licensed as an IPTV provider. Referring to MoCI Regulation No.6/2017, the licenses that we needed, among others, included: (a) local fixed network license, mobile network or fixed closed network license, (b) operating internet access/ISP license, and (c) broadcasting operation of subscription television broadcasting services institution license.

Satellite

Our international satellite business is highly regulated. In addition to being subject to domestic licensing requirements and regulation for the use of orbital slots and radio frequencies, as stipulated in MoCI Regulation, our satellite operations are also regulated by the Radio Communications Bureau of the International Telecommunications Union.

Furthermore, MoCI Regulation No.21/2014 requires foreign satellite operators to obtain a landing right license to operate in Indonesia which requires such foreign satellite operators to coordinate with domestic satellite operators, including us, to ensure that no Indonesian satellite and terrestrial systems will be disrupted by their operation.

Consumer Protection

Under the Telecommunications Law, each network provider is required to protect consumer rights in relation to, among others, quality of services, tariffs and compensation. Customers injured or damaged by negligent operations may file claims against negligent providers. Telecommunications consumer protection regulations provide service standards for telecommunication operators.

USO

All telecommunications operators, whether network or service providers, are bound by a USO regulation that requires them to contribute to providing telecommunication facilities and infrastructure in the interest of opening equal access to telecommunications throughout all regions in Indonesia, which is generally done by way of financial contribution. MoCI Regulation No.25 of 2015 stipulated, among others, that when providing telecommunication access and services in rural areas (as part of the Government's USO program), the provider is determined through a selection process by the Rural Telecommunications and Informatics Center (Balai Telekomunikasi dan Informatika Pedesaan or “BTIP”) which was established based on MoCI Regulation No.35/PER/M.KOMINFO/11/2006. Subsequently, based on MoCI Regulation No.18/PER/M.KOMINFO/11/2010, BTIP was changed to the Telecommunications and Informatics Financing Provider and Management Center (Balai Penyedia dan Pengelola Pembiayaan Telekomunikasi dan Informatika or "BPPPTI").

USO payment requirements are calculated as a percentage of our and Telkomsel’s unconsolidated gross revenues, net of bad debts and/or interconnection charges and/or connection charges. Pursuant to GR No.80/2015, the current USO tariff rate is 1.25% of gross revenue, net of bad debts and/or interconnection charges and/or connection charges. Subsequently, in September 2016, the MoCI issued MoCI Regulation No.17/2016 (on guideline of the implementation of tariffs for non-tax state revenue applicable to the USO), which was amended by MoCI Regulation No.19/2016, effective as of November 8, 2016 ("MoCI Regulation No.19/2016"). MoCI Regulation No.19/2016 stipulates, among other things, the exclusion of certain revenues that are not considered as part of gross revenues as a basis to calculate the USO charged.

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Telecommunication Regulatory Charges

On November 9, 2015, the Government issued Government Regulation No.80 of 2015 (on the types and tariffs of non-tax state revenue applicable for the MoCI) ("GR No.80/2015") which sets the types of non-tax state revenues that apply to the MoCI derived from various services, including telecommunications.

Based on GR No.80/2015, the upfront fee is paid in at twice the amount of the offering price submitted by each bidding process winner, while the annual license fee for telecommunication operations is paid according to the amount of the lowest offering price from the bidding process winner. The MoCI will stipulate the amount and timing of payment for the radio frequency spectrum right of use.

Further, telecommunication equipment and devices for research, development, education and disaster handling purposes can be used after obtaining a utilization period statement letter. After the utilization period as provided in the statement letter has expired, the respective equipment and devices which will be re-used for its original purposes must be certificated with a 50% certification fee. Telecommunication equipment and devices with a local content certificate of higher than 50% are charged at 50% of the certificate type and a testing fee as provided in the GR.

Under GR No. 80/2015, the gross revenue constituting the basis for telecommunication right of use fee calculation can be deducted by (i) receivables which have been written off from the telecommunication operation and (ii) payment of interconnection fee obligation and/or the interconnectedness received by telecommunication operator, which is the right of another party. This deduction is further governed by a MoCI regulation.

Telecommunications Towers

On March 17, 2008, the MoCI issued MoCI Regulation No.02/PER/M.KOMINFO/3/2008 (on guidelines on construction and utilization of sharing telecommunication towers) (“MoCI Regulation No.02/2008”). Under MoCI Regulation No.02/2008, the construction of telecommunications towers requires permits from the relevant governmental institution, while the local government determines the placement and locations at which telecommunications towers may be constructed. In addition, telecommunications providers that own telecommunication towers and other tower owners are obligated to allow other telecommunication operators to utilize their telecommunication towers without any discrimination, with due regards to the technical capacity of the respective tower.

Since the operations of telecommunication towers involves a number of relevant Government bodies, on March 30, 2009, a joint regulation was issued in the form of Minister of Home Affairs Regulation No.18/2009, Minister of Public Works Regulation No.07/PRT/M/2009, MoCI Regulation No.19/PER.M.KOMINFO/03/2009 and Head of the Investment Coordinating Board Regulation No.3/P/2009 (on guidelines for the construction and shared use of telecommunications towers) (“Joint Decree”).

The Joint Decree regulates that the license for telecommunication tower construction is to be issued by regents or mayors, and for Jakarta Province, its Governor. The Joint Decree also provides for tower construction standards and requires that telecommunications towers be made generally available for shared use by telecommunications service providers. The owner of a telecommunications tower is allowed to collect a fee, which is determined by reference to investment and operational costs, the return of investment and the profit. Monopolistic practices in the ownership and management of telecommunications towers is prohibited.

Content Provider Service

Content provider service is regulated by the Ministry of Communication and Information through Regulation No.9/2017 (on the management of content provider services on cellular mobile networks).

C. ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE

We have adopted a strategic control approach to the management of our Group, which we believe provides productive flexibility throughout our business entities in accordance with the characteristics of each customer facing unit.

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In implementing this strategic control approach:

| 1. |  | The role of the corporate office is focused on providing, creating and implementing our overall corporate strategy (i.e. directing overall strategy and portfolio strategy).

| 2. |  | we seek to empower each customer facing unit in line with their respective particular characteristics.

In order to synchronize our organizational structure with our business character as well as with the dynamic business challenges we face, our parenting strategy based on customer segmentation in order to achieve structural and operational alignment with our business portfolios. As a result of this transformation, our strategic control over our subsidiaries is mapped into five "customer facing units", i.e. a unit that manages subsidiaries which operate business portfolios in a particular customer segment, which are discussed in greater detail below:

| · |  | Our mobile customer facing unit is responsible for relationship and interactions with mobile customers.

| · |  | Our consumer customer facing unit is responsible for relationship and interactions with consumer customers.

| · |  | Our enterprise customer facing unit is responsible relationship and interactions with small medium enterprise, government and corporate customer.

| · |  | Our wholesale and international business customer facing unit is responsible for relationship and interactions with wholesale customers and other licence operators.

| · |  | Our digital services customer facing unit is responsible for supporting digital services for all of our customers.

In order to support our parenting strategy, we have four functional units which perform certain specified internal corporate functions. Our functional units are discussed in greater detail below:

| - |  | Our digital strategic portfolio functional unit is responsible for creating company value through the optimization and harmonization of functional management strategy and business development, realize synergies within each customer facing units, maximize cross-customer facing unit synergies and optimize synergies among SOEs, merger and acqusition planning and excecution, incubation product services.

| - |  | Our network, IT and solutions functional unit is responsible for promoting integrated network and IT infrastructure across our subsidiaries.

| - |  | Our finance functional unit is responsible for implementation cost and capital efficiency program and maximizing the value of our assets.

| - |  | Our human capital management functional unit is responsible for talent management upgrading human resources capabilities, organization structure & workforce readiness, industrial relation, learning, assessment and community development.

The table below sets forth our operating companies and significant subsidiaries organized under the relevant customer facing unit, including those subsidiaries that hold our principal telecommunications licenses, our percentage ownership interest, direct and indirect, and our voting power in each subsidiary as of December 31, 2017.

|  |  |  |  |  | Percentage |  |
|  |  |  |  |  | Ownership |  |
|  |  |  |  |  | Interest |  |
|  |  |  | Country of |  | (Direct and |  | Voting
Subsidiary |  | Customer Facing Unit |  | Incorporation |  | Indirect) (%) |  | Power (%)

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PT Telekomunikasi Selular (Telkomsel) |  | Mobile |  | Indonesia |  | 65 |  | 65
PT Telkom Akses (Telkom Akses) |  | Consumer |  | Indonesia |  | 100 |  | 100
PT Finnet Indonesia (Finnet) |  | Enterprise |  | Indonesia |  | 60 |  | 60
PT Infomedia Nusantara (Infomedia) |  | Enterprise |  | Indonesia |  | 100 |  | 100
PT Jalin Pembayaran Nusantara (Jalin) |  | Enterprise |  | Indonesia |  | 100 |  | 100
PT Multimedia Nusantara (Metra) |  | Enterprise |  | Indonesia |  | 100 |  | 100
PT Patra Telekomunikasi Indonesia (Patrakom) |  | Enterprise |  | Indonesia |  | 100 |  | 100
PT PINS Indonesia (PINS) |  | Enterprise |  | Indonesia |  | 100 |  | 100
PT Sigma Cipta Caraka (Sigma) |  | Enterprise |  | Indonesia |  | 100 |  | 100
PT Metra Digital Media (MD Media) |  | Enterprise |  | Indonesia |  | 100 |  | 100
PT Administrasi Medika (Ad Medika) |  | Enterprise |  | Indonesia |  | 100 |  | 100
PT Dayamitra Telekomunikasi (Dayamitra) |  | Wholesale and International |  | Indonesia |  | 100 |  | 100
PT Infrastruktur Telekomunikasi Indonesia (Telkom Infratel) |  | Wholesale and International |  | Indonesia |  | 100 |  | 100
PT Telekomunikasi Indonesia International (Telin) |  | Wholesale and International |  | Indonesia |  | 100 |  | 100
PT Melon (Melon) |  | Digital Services |  | Indonesia |  | 100 |  | 100
PT Metraplasa (Metraplasa) |  | Digital Services |  | Indonesia |  | 60 |  | 60
PT Metranet (Metranet) |  | Digital Services |  | Indonesia |  | 100 |  | 100

A complete list of our subsidiaries and investments in associated companies, and our ownership percentage of each entity, as of December 31, 2017, is contained in Notes 1d and 9 to our Consolidated Financial Statements included elsewhere in this report.

D. PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT

Our property and equipment are primarily used for telecommunication operations, which mainly consist of transmission and installation equipment, cable network and switching equipment. A description of these is contained in Note 10 to our Consolidated Financial Statements and “Business Overview — Network Infrastructure and Development". See item 5 “Operating and Financial Review and Prospects — Liquidity — Capital Expenditures” for material plans to construct, expand or improve our property and equipment.

Except for ownership rights granted to individuals in Indonesia, reversionary rights to land rests with the Government, pursuant to Agrarian Law No.5 of 1960. Land title is designated through land rights, including Right to Build (Hak Guna Bangunan or ”HGB”) and Right of Use (Hak Guna Usaha or ”HGU”). Land title holders enjoy full use of the land for a specified period, subject to renewal and extensions. In most instances, land rights are freely tradable and may be pledged as security under loan agreements.

We own several pieces of land located throughout Indonesia with the right to build and use for a period of 10 to 45 years, which will expire between 2018 and 2053. We hold registered rights to build and use for most of our properties. Pursuant to Government Regulation No.40/1996, the maximum initial period for the right to build is 30 years and is renewable for an additional 20 years. We are not aware of any environmental issues that could affect the utilization of our property and equipment.

All assets owned by our Company have been pledged as collateral for bonds and certain bank loans. Please refer to Notes 17b.(i) and 17c to our Consolidated Financial Statements. Certain property and equipment of our subsidiaries with gross carrying value amounting to Rp9,721 billion as of December 31, 2017 have been pledged as collateral for lending agreements. Please refer to Notes 16 and 17c to our Consolidated Financial Statements.

Insurance

As of December 31, 2017, our property and equipment (excluding land rights), with net carrying amount of Rp118,198 billion were insured against fire, theft, earthquake and other specified risks, including business interruption, under blanket policies totaling Rp11,449 billion, US$64 million, HKD3 million, SGD211 million and MYR37 million and first loss basis amounted to Rp2,760 billion. Management believes that the insurance coverage is adequate to cover potential losses from the insured risks.

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Additionally, in 2017, we obtained proceeds from an insurance claim on lost and broken property and equipment, with a total value of Rp155 billion.

Disclosure of Iranian Activities under Section 13(r) of the Exchange Act

Section 219 of the Iran Threat Reduction and Syria Human Rights Act of 2012 added Section 13(r) to the Exchange Act. Section 13(r) requires an issuer to disclose in its annual or quarterly reports, as applicable, whether it or any of its affiliates knowingly engaged in certain activities, transactions or dealings relating to Iran or with designated natural persons or entities involved in terrorism or the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction. Disclosure is required even where the activities, transactions or dealings are conducted outside the United States by non-United States affiliates in compliance with applicable law, and whether or not the activities are sanctionable under U.S. law.

As of the date of this report, we are not aware of any activity, transaction or dealing by us or any of our affiliates in 2017 that requires disclosure in this report under Section 13(r) of the Exchange Act, except as set forth below.

Our subsidiary, Telkomsel, is party to international roaming agreements with Mobile Telecommunication Company of Iran and Irancell Telecommunications Services Company, which are or may be government-controlled entities. In 2017, we recorded gross revenues of US$56,692 from total transactions (inbound and outbound) under these agreements. The amount of our net profits earned under these agreements is not determinable, but it does not exceed our gross revenues from these agreements. The purpose of these agreements is to provide Telkomsel’s customers with coverage in areas where Telkomsel does not own networks, and for this reason Telkomsel intends to continue the activities covered by these agreements.

We also provide telecommunications services in the ordinary course of business to the Embassy of Iran in Jakarta, Indonesia. We recorded gross revenue of approximately Rp47.6 million from these services in 2017. The amount of our net profits earned under these services is not determinable, but it does not exceed our gross revenues from these services. As one of the primary providers of telecommunications services in Indonesia, we intend to continue providing such services, as we provide to the embassies of many other nations.

ITEM 4A. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS

Not applicable.

ITEM 5. OPERATING AND FINANCIAL REVIEW AND PROSPECTS

The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with our Consolidated Financial Statements included elsewhere in this Form 20‑F. These Consolidated Financial Statements were prepared in accordance with IFRS as issued by the IASB.

A. OPERATING RESULTS

We are the principal provider of local, domestic and international telecommunications services in Indonesia, as well as the leading provider of mobile cellular services through our majority-owned subsidiary, Telkomsel. Our objective is to become a leading TIMES player in the region. As of December 31, 2017, we had approximately 196.3 million mobile cellular subscribers through Telkomsel, 11 million subscribers on our fixed wireline network, and 111.1 million broadband (mobile and fixed) subscribers. We also provide a wide range of other communication services, including telephone network, interconnection services, multimedia, data and internet communication-related services, satellite transponder leasing, leased line, intelligent network and related services, cable television and VoIP services. We also operate multimedia businesses such as content and applications. We intend to continue to cope with market and industry challenges that may arise from time to time by leveraging our customer base, network quality, brand name and strategic execution capabilities.

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Growth of the Indonesian economy slowed in 2017 as growth in gross domestic product decreased from an average of 5.6% between 2011 and 2016 to 5.1% in 2016 and inflation accelerated from an average of 5.2% between 2012 and 2016 to 3.6% in 2017 (source: Indonesia Central Bureau of Statistics). The Rupiah depreciated from an average of Rp8,779 to one U.S. Dollar in 2012 to an average of Rp13,384 in 2017 and hitting low of Rp13,630 in 2017 (source: Bank Indonesia). Though the exposure of our Company and our subsidiaries to foreign exchange rates are not material, we are exposed to foreign exchange risk on sales, purchases and borrowings that are primarily denominated in U.S. Dollars and Japanese Yen.

See Item 11 “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosure about Market Risk – Foreign Exchange Rate Risk”.

The growth in our revenues in 2017 compared with 2016 was largely driven by increases in revenues from data, internet and information technology services of 16.2%.

Our operating results in 2017 compared with 2016 also reflected an increase in expenses. This increase was mainly driven by operation, maintenance and telecommunication services expenses, which increased primarily as a result of an increase in our network capacities to better serve our customers, particularly for internet and data service.

Principal Factors Affecting our Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Increase in Data, Internet, and Information Technology Services

In Indonesia mobile phones have become the primary tool for telecommunication, both for voice calls as well as in terms of internet usage. The growing popularity of smartphones has contributed to the growth of traffic, but cheaper tariffs resulting from promotional programs amidst an environment tightening competition led to a decrease in our ARPU from approximately Rp45,000 in 2016 to approximately Rp43,000 in 2017.

Data, internet and information technology services revenues accounted for 53.5% of our consolidated revenues for 2017, up from 50.6% for 2016. Revenues from our data, internet and information technology services increased by 16.2% from 2016 to 2017. The increase in data, internet and information technology services revenues in 2017 was primarily due to a 34.1% increase in revenue from cellular internet and data, and 15.4% increase in revenue from non-cellular internet, data communication and information technology service which primarily resulted from increased revenue from IndiHome services and from Telkom Sigma, which provides data center, systems integration and cloud management services. We seek to continue to increase such revenues as we continue to invest in improving broadband infrastructure.

We expect that revenue from cellular internet and data will continue to increase and contribute a larger portion of our consolidated revenues in line with an expected continued increase in the prevalence of smartphone usage in Indonesia. We also intend to increase such revenues by focusing our marketing efforts to encourage customers who currently only utilize mobile voice and SMS services to commence utilizing mobile broadband services. We also intend to continue our promotion of mobile package options in order to encourage existing mobile broadband services customers to increase their use of such services. In addition, we believe there is opportunity for growth in non-cellular internet, data communication and internet technology revenue, particularly through greater adoption of broadband internet at homes in Indonesia through our IndiHome service, as penetration of broadband internet at homes in Indonesia is still relatively low.

Declining Legacy Cellular Telephone Revenues

The rapid development of new technologies, new services and products, and new business models has resulted in distinctions between local, long-distance, wireless, cable and internet communication services being lessened and has brought new competitors into the telecommunications market. Traditional cellular services, such as voice and SMS services, are subject to increasing competition from non-traditional telecommunication services, such as Over The Top products including instant voice, messaging services and other mobile services. As a result, our cellular telephone revenues, which comprise usage charges and monthly subscription charges for mobile voice and SMS services, have flattened in recent years, and in 2017 began to decline. We expect that such revenues will continue to decline in the future. Our cellular telephone revenues decreased by 3.2% from Rp38,497 billion in 2016 to Rp37,246 billion 2017. In addition, we also expect that the contribution of revenues from cellular phone services to our consolidated revenues will continue

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to decrease in the future, as we expect that contribution from data, internet and information technology services will continue to grow and comprise a greater percentage of our consolidated revenues in the future. Our revenues from cellular phone services accounted for 29.0% of our consolidated revenues for 2017 compared to 33.1% for 2016. See Item 3 “Key Information – Risk Factors – Risks Related to our Business – Risks Related to our Fixed and Cellular Telecommunication Business".

Increase in operations and maintenance expenses

We expect that our operations and maintenance expenses will continue to increase in the future in line with our expected growth in subscribers and traffic as well as the investments that we intend to make to continue developing our network infrastructure, particularly for internet and data service, in order to increase in our network capacities to better serve our customers. Our operations and maintenance expenses increased by Rp2,882 billion, or 16.9%, from Rp17,047 billion in 2016 to Rp19,929 billion in 2017 primarily due to increased expenses relating to outsourcing maintenance of network infrastructure to third parties. Our operations and maintenance expenses primarily comprise expenses associated with network maintenance to improve our mobile cellular and fixed broadband services and accounted for 23.4% of our total expenses for 2017.

Telkom’s Consolidated Statements of Profit or Loss and Other Comprehensive Income

The following table sets out our Consolidated Statements of Profit or Loss and Other Comprehensive Income For the Years ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017. Each item is expressed as a percentage of total revenues or expenses.

|  | 2015 |  | 2016 |  | 2017
|  | (Rp billion) |  | % |  | (Rp billion) |  | % |  | (Rp billion) |  | % |  | (US$ million)
REVENUES |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Telephone Revenues |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cellular |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Usage charges |  | 36,853 |  | 35.9 |  | 38,238 |  | 32.9 |  | 37,176 |  | 29.0 |  | 2,740
Monthly subscription charges |  | 432 |  | 0.4 |  | 259 |  | 0.2 |  | 70 |  | 0.0 |  | 5
|  | 37,285 |  | 36.3 |  | 38,497 |  | 33.1 |  | 37,246 |  | 29.0 |  | 2,745
Fixed Lines |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Monthly subscription charges |  | 2,821 |  | 2.8 |  | 3,311 |  | 2.8 |  | 3,260 |  | 2.5 |  | 240
Usage charges |  | 4,635 |  | 4.5 |  | 3,847 |  | 3.3 |  | 3,032 |  | 2.4 |  | 224
Call center |  | 275 |  | 0.3 |  | 290 |  | 0.2 |  | 290 |  | 0.2 |  | 21
Others |  | 102 |  | 0.1 |  | 94 |  | 0.1 |  | 83 |  | 0.1 |  | 6
|  | 7,833 |  | 7.7 |  | 7,542 |  | 6.4 |  | 6,665 |  | 5.2 |  | 491
Total Telephone Revenues |  | 45,118 |  | 44.0 |  | 46,039 |  | 39.5 |  | 43,911 |  | 34.2 |  | 3,236
Interconnection Revenues |  | 4,290 |  | 4.2 |  | 4,151 |  | 3.6 |  | 5,175 |  | 4.0 |  | 382
Data, Internet and Information Technology Services Revenues |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cellular, internet and data |  | 19,665 |  | 19.2 |  | 28,308 |  | 24.3 |  | 37,961 |  | 29.6 |  | 2,798
Internet, data communication and information technology services |  | 12,307 |  | 12.1 |  | 13,073 |  | 11.2 |  | 15,085 |  | 11.8 |  | 1,112
Short Messaging Service ("SMS") |  | 15,132 |  | 14.8 |  | 15,980 |  | 13.7 |  | 13,192 |  | 10.3 |  | 972
Pay TV |  | 581 |  | 0.4 |  | 1,546 |  | 1.3 |  | 1,944 |  | 1.5 |  | 143
Others |  | 135 |  | 0.1 |  | 64 |  | 0.1 |  | 353 |  | 0.3 |  | 26
Total Data, Internet and Information Technology Services Revenues |  | 47,820 |  | 46.6 |  | 58,971 |  | 50.6 |  | 68,535 |  | 53.5 |  | 5,051
Network Revenues |  | 1,231 |  | 1.2 |  | 1,444 |  | 1.4 |  | 1,873 |  | 1.5 |  | 138
Others Revenues |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Sales of peripherals |  | 1,516 |  | 1.5 |  | 1,490 |  | 1.3 |  | 2,292 |  | 1.8 |  | 169
Call center service |  | 668 |  | 0.7 |  | 678 |  | 0.6 |  | 970 |  | 0.8 |  | 71
Telecommunication tower leases |  | 721 |  | 0.7 |  | 733 |  | 0.6 |  | 796 |  | 0.6 |  | 59
Power supply |  | 0 |  | 0.0 |  | 29 |  | 0.0 |  | 560 |  | 0.4 |  | 41
CPE and terminal |  | 221 |  | 0.2 |  | 192 |  | 0.1 |  | 536 |  | 0.4 |  | 40
E-payment |  | 126 |  | 0.1 |  | 424 |  | 0.4 |  | 505 |  | 0.4 |  | 37
E-health |  | 192 |  | 0.2 |  | 415 |  | 0.4 |  | 470 |  | 0.4 |  | 35
Others |  | 567 |  | 0.6 |  | 1,767 |  | 1.5 |  | 2,633 |  | 2.0 |  | 194
Total Other Revenues |  | 4,011 |  | 4.0 |  | 5,728 |  | 4.9 |  | 8,762 |  | 6.8 |  | 646
Total Revenues |  | 102,470 |  | 100.0 |  | 116,333 |  | 100.0 |  | 128,256 |  | 100.0 |  | 9,453

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EXPENSES |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Operations, Maintenance and Telecommunication Services Expenses |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Operations and maintenance |  | 15,129 |  | 21.1 |  | 17,047 |  | 21.9 |  | 19,929 |  | 23.4 |  | 1,469
Radio frequency usage charges |  | 3,626 |  | 5.1 |  | 3,687 |  | 4.8 |  | 4,276 |  | 5.0 |  | 315
Cost of IT services |  | 882 |  | 1.2 |  | 1,563 |  | 2.0 |  | 2,648 |  | 3.1 |  | 195
Leased line and CPE |  | 1,913 |  | 2.7 |  | 2,578 |  | 3.3 |  | 2,607 |  | 3.1 |  | 192
Concession fees and USO charges |  | 2,230 |  | 3.1 |  | 2,217 |  | 2.8 |  | 2,249 |  | 2.6 |  | 166
Cost of sales of handset |  | 1,493 |  | 2.1 |  | 1,481 |  | 1.9 |  | 1,544 |  | 1.8 |  | 114
Electricity, gas and water |  | 1,014 |  | 1.4 |  | 960 |  | 1.2 |  | 1,037 |  | 1.1 |  | 77
Cost of SIM cards and vouchers |  | 444 |  | 0.6 |  | 624 |  | 0.8 |  | 914 |  | 1.1 |  | 67
Tower leases |  | 646 |  | 0.9 |  | 322 |  | 0.4 |  | 472 |  | 0.6 |  | 35
Vehicles rental and supporting facilities |  | 296 |  | 0.4 |  | 367 |  | 0.5 |  | 301 |  | 0.4 |  | 22
Insurance |  | 312 |  | 0.4 |  | 256 |  | 0.3 |  | 294 |  | 0.3 |  | 22
Others |  | 131 |  | 0.2 |  | 161 |  | 0.2 |  | 332 |  | 0.4 |  | 24
Total Operations, Maintenance and Telecommunication Services Expenses |  | 28,116 |  | 39.2 |  | 31,263 |  | 40.1 |  | 36,603 |  | 42.9 |  | 2,698
Depreciation and Amortization |  | 18,572 |  | 25.9 |  | 18,556 |  | 23.8 |  | 20,477 |  | 24.0 |  | 1,509
Personnel Expenses |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Salaries and related benefits |  | 5,684 |  | 7.9 |  | 7,122 |  | 9.2 |  | 7,821 |  | 9.2 |  | 576
Vacation pay, incentives and other benefits |  | 4,575 |  | 6.5 |  | 4,219 |  | 5.4 |  | 3,339 |  | 3.9 |  | 246
Pension benefit cost |  | 443 |  | 0.6 |  | 1,068 |  | 1.4 |  | 1,700 |  | 2.0 |  | 125
Net periodic post-employment health care benefit cost |  | 216 |  | 0.3 |  | 163 |  | 0.1 |  | 276 |  | 0.3 |  | 20
LSA expenses |  | 152 |  | 0.2 |  | 237 |  | 0.3 |  | 255 |  | 0.3 |  | 19
Other employee benefit cost |  | 53 |  | 0.1 |  | 82 |  | 0.1 |  | 62 |  | 0.1 |  | 5
Other post-employment benefit cost |  | 47 |  | 0.1 |  | 48 |  | 0.1 |  | 42 |  | 0.0 |  | 3
Early retirement program |  | 683 |  | 1.0 |  | 628 |  | 0.8 |  | — |  | — |  | —
Others |  | 32 |  | 0.0 |  | 45 |  | 0.1 |  | 34 |  | 0.0 |  | 3
Total Personnel Expenses |  | 11,885 |  | 16.7 |  | 13,612 |  | 17.5 |  | 13,529 |  | 15.8 |  | 997
Interconnection Expenses |  | 3,586 |  | 5.0 |  | 3,218 |  | 4.1 |  | 2,987 |  | 3.5 |  | 220
General and Administrative Expenses |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Provision for impairment of receivables |  | 1,010 |  | 1.4 |  | 743 |  | 1.0 |  | 1,494 |  | 1.8 |  | 110
General Expenses |  | 1,032 |  | 1.4 |  | 1,626 |  | 2.1 |  | 1,449 |  | 1.7 |  | 107
Training, education and recruitment |  | 393 |  | 0.5 |  | 399 |  | 0.4 |  | 531 |  | 0.6 |  | 39
Professional fees |  | 424 |  | 0.6 |  | 594 |  | 0.8 |  | 498 |  | 0.6 |  | 37
Travelling |  | 347 |  | 0.5 |  | 436 |  | 0.5 |  | 475 |  | 0.6 |  | 35
Meeting |  | 163 |  | 0.2 |  | 207 |  | 0.3 |  | 241 |  | 0.3 |  | 18
Social contribution |  | 116 |  | 0.2 |  | 134 |  | 0.2 |  | 197 |  | 0.2 |  | 15
Collection expenses |  | 368 |  | 0.5 |  | 152 |  | 0.2 |  | 135 |  | 0.1 |  | 9
Others |  | 351 |  | 0.5 |  | 319 |  | 0.4 |  | 240 |  | 0.3 |  | 18
Total General and Administrative Expenses |  | 4,204 |  | 5.8 |  | 4,610 |  | 5.9 |  | 5,260 |  | 6.2 |  | 388
Marketing Expenses |  | 3,275 |  | 4.6 |  | 4,132 |  | 5.3 |  | 5,268 |  | 6.2 |  | 388
Loss (gain) on foreign exchange - net |  | 46 |  | 0.1 |  | 52 |  | 0.1 |  | (51) |  | (0.1) |  | (4)
Other expenses |  | 1,917 |  | 2.7 |  | 2,469 |  | 3.2 |  | 1,320 |  | 1.5 |  | 97
Total expenses |  | 71,603 |  | 100.0 |  | 77,824 |  | 100.0 |  | 85,332 |  | 100.0 |  | 6,287
Other income |  | 1,500 |  |  |  | 751 |  |  |  | 1,039 |  |  |  | 77
Operating Profit |  | 32,369 |  |  |  | 39,172 |  |  |  | 43,902 |  |  |  | 3,237
Finance income |  | 1,407 |  |  |  | 1,716 |  |  |  | 1,434 |  |  |  | 106
Finance costs |  | (2,481) |  |  |  | (2,810) |  |  |  | (2,769) |  |  |  | (205)
Share of profit (loss) of associated companies |  | (2) |  | 0.0 |  | 88 |  | 0.0 |  | 61 |  | 0.0 |  | 6
Profit before Income Tax |  | 31,293 |  |  |  | 38,166 |  |  |  | 42,628 |  |  |  | 3,144
Net Income Tax Expense |  | (8,023) |  |  |  | (9,017) |  |  |  | (9,958) |  |  |  | (734)
Profit for the Year |  | 23,270 |  |  |  | 29,149 |  |  |  | 32,670 |  |  |  | 2,410
Other Comprehensive Income (Expenses) - Net |  | 493 |  |  |  | (2,099) |  |  |  | (2,332) |  |  |  | (171)
Net Comprehensive Income for the Year |  | 23,763 |  |  |  | 27,050 |  |  |  | 30,338 |  |  |  | 2,239
Profit for the year attributable to owners of the parent company |  | 15,451 |  |  |  | 19,333 |  |  |  | 22,120 |  |  |  | 1,631
Net comprehensive income for the year attributable to owners of the parent company |  | 16,003 |  |  |  | 17,312 |  |  |  | 19,927 |  |  |  | 1,470
Basic and Diluted Earnings per Share (in full amount) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Profit per share |  | 157.38 |  |  |  | 195.99 |  |  |  | 223.30 |  |  |  | 0.02
Profit per ADS (100 shares of common stock per ADS) |  | 15,738.00 |  |  |  | 19,599.85 |  |  |  | 22,329.40 |  |  |  | 1.65

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Financial Overview

Year ended December 31, 2017 compared to year ended December 31, 2016

Revenues

Total revenues increased by Rp11,923 billion, or 10.2%, from Rp116,333 billion in 2016 to Rp128,256 billion (US$9,453 million) in 2017. The increase was primarily due to an increases in internet, data and information technology service revenues, other revenues, interconnection revenues and network revenues.

a. Cellular Telephone Revenues

Cellular telephone revenues decreased by Rp1,251 billion, or 3.2%, from Rp38,497 billion in 2016 to Rp37,246 billion (US$2,745 million) in 2017. This decrease was primarily due to:

| · |  | a decrease in usage charges by Rp1,062 billion, or 2.8%, from Rp38,238 billion in 2016 to Rp37,176 billion in 2017 primarily due to a decrease in revenue from voice services resulting from customers choosing to use non-traditional telecommunications services, such as Over the Top services, as an alternative to voice services; and

| · |  | a decrease in monthly subscription charges by Rp189 billion, or 73.0%, from Rp259 billion in 2016 to Rp70 billion in 2017 primarily due to a decrease in Blackberry service subscribers.

b. Fixed Line Telephone Revenues

Fixed lines revenues decreased by Rp877 billion, or 11.6%, from Rp7,542 billion in 2016 to Rp6,665 billion (US$491 million) in 2017. The decrease in fixed lines revenues was primarily due to a decrease in usage charges of Rp815 billion, or 21.2%, from Rp3,847 billion in 2016 to Rp3,032 billion in 2017 due to a decrease in revenues from voice services.

c. Data, Internet and Information Technology Services Revenues

Our data, internet and information technology service revenues accounted for 53.5% of our consolidated revenues for 2017, compared to 50.6% for 2016. Data, internet and information technology service revenues increased by Rp9,564 billion, or 16.2%, from Rp58,971 billion in 2016 to Rp68,535 billion (US$5,051 million) in 2017. This increase was primarily due to an:

| · |  | increase in data cellular and internet revenues by Rp9,653 billion, or 34.1%, from Rp28,308 billion in 2016 to Rp37,961 billion in 2017 primarily driven by an increase in mobile broadband subscribers from 84.7 million subscribers as of December 31, 2016 to 105.8 million subscribers as of December 31, 2017. For additional information on factors driving the growth of our data cellular and internet revenues, see "— Principal Factors Affecting our Financial Condition and Results of Operations — Increase in Data, Internet, and Information Technology Services";

| · |  | increase in internet, data communication and information technology service revenue by Rp2,012 billion, or 15.4%, from Rp13,073 billion in 2016 to Rp15,085 billion in 2017 primarily due to an increase in fixed broadband subscribers from 4.3 million as of December 31, 2016 to 5.3 million as of December 31, 2017;

| · |  | increase in Pay TV revenues by Rp398 billion, or 25.7%, from Rp1,546 billion in 2016 to Rp1,944 billion in 2017 due to an increase in revenues from interactive TV services that we offer as part of the IndiHome bundled service; and

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| · |  | increase in other data and internet revenues by Rp289 billion, or 451.6%, from Rp64 billion in 2016 to Rp353 billion in 2017 primarily due to an increase in e-commerce and value added services.

This increase was partially offset by a decrease in SMS revenues by Rp2,788 billion, or 17.4%, from Rp15,980 billion in 2016 to Rp13,192 billion in 2017 primarily due to increasing competition from non-traditional telecommunication services, such as Over The Top products including instant voice, messaging services and other mobile services.

d. Interconnection Revenues

Interconnection revenues comprised interconnection revenues from our fixed line network and interconnection revenues from Telkomsel’s mobile cellular network, including incoming international long-distance revenues from our IDD service (TIC‑007).

Interconnection revenues increased by Rp1,024 billion, or 24.7%, from Rp4,151 billion in 2016 to Rp5,175 billion (US$382 million) in 2017 primarily due to higher incoming voice call from other operators.

e. Network Revenues

Network revenues increased by Rp429 billion, or 29.7%, from Rp1,444 billion in 2016 to Rp1,873 billion (US$138 million) in 2017 primarily due to an increase in VSAT services revenue.

f. Other Revenues

In 2017, revenues from other services increased by Rp3,034 billion, or 53.0%, from Rp5,728 billion in 2016 to Rp8,762 billion (US$646 million) in 2017. The increase was primarily due to an:

| · |  | increase in other revenues by Rp866 billion, or 49.0%, from Rp1,767 billion in 2016 to Rp2,633 billion in 2017;

| · |  | increase in sales of peripheral revenues by Rp802 billion, or 53.8%, from Rp1,490 billion in 2016 to Rp2,292 billion in 2017 primarily as a result in increase in sales of handsets;

| · |  | increase in power supply revenues by Rp531 billion, or 1,831.0%, from Rp29 billion in 2016 to Rp560 billion in 2017 resulting from projects undertaken by our subsidiary Telkom Infratel;

| · |  | increase in CPE revenues by Rp344 billion, or 179.2%, from Rp192 billion in 2016 to Rp536 billion in 2017 primarily resulting from increasing demand for CPE such as computers and modems from our customers; and

| · |  | increase in call center service revenues by Rp292 billion, or 43.1%, from Rp678 billion in 2016 to Rp970 billion in 2017.

Other Income

Other income increased by Rp288 billion, or 38.3%, from Rp751 billion, in 2016 to Rp1,039 billion (US$77 million) in 2017 primarily due to an increase in proceeds from the insurance claim on lost and broken property and equipment mainly relating to satellite and other equipment.

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Expenses

Total expenses increased by Rp7,508 billion, or 9.6%, from Rp77,824 billion in 2016 to Rp85,332 billion (US$6,287 million) in 2017. The increase in expenses was attributable primarily to increases in operations, maintenance and telecommunication service expenses, depreciation expenses and marketing expenses.

a. Operations, Maintenance and Telecommunication Service Expenses

Operations, maintenance and telecommunication service expenses increased by Rp5,340 billion, or 17.1%, from Rp31,263 billion in 2016 to Rp36,603 billion (US$2,698 million) in 2017.

The increase in operations, maintenance and telecommunication service expenses was primarily attributable to an:

| · |  | increase in operations and maintenance expenses by Rp2,882 billion, or 16.9%, from Rp17,047 billion in 2016 to Rp19,929 billion in 2017 due to an increase in expenses associated with network maintenance to improve our mobile cellular and IndiHome service;

| · |  | increase in information technology services expenses by Rp1,085 billion, or 69.4%, from Rp1,563 billion in 2016 to Rp2,648 billion in 2017 in line with an increase in information technology service revenues;

| · |  | increase in radio frequency expenses of Rp589 billion, or 16.0%, from Rp3,687 billion in 2016 to Rp4,276 billion in 2017 due to additional spectrum won at auction by Telkomsel in 2017;

| · |  | increase in cost of SIM card and voucher sales by Rp290 billion, or 46.5%, from Rp624 billion in 2016 to Rp914 billion in 2017 primarily as a result of sales activities to maintain market share and additional promotion related to SIM card registration;

| · |  | increase in other expenses of Rp171 billion, or 106.2%, from Rp161 billion in 2016 to Rp332 billion in 2017; and

| · |  | increase in tower leases of Rp150 billion, or 46.6%, from Rp322 billion in 2016 to Rp472 billion in 2017 resulting from network expansion.

b. Depreciation and Amortization

Depreciation and amortization increased by Rp1,921 billion, or 10.4%, from Rp18,556 billion in 2016 to Rp20,477 billion (US$1,509 million) in 2017 in line with the network infrastructure development both in mobile and fixed businesses.

c. Personnel Expenses

Personnel expenses decreased by Rp83 billion, or 0.6%, from Rp13,612 billion in 2016 to Rp13,529 billion (US$997 million) in 2017. This decrease was primarily due to a:

| · |  | decrease in early retirement programs expenses of Rp628 billion, since there was no early retirement program in 2017; and

| · |  | decrease in vacation pay, incentives and other benefits expenses of Rp880 billion, or 20.9%, from Rp4,219 billion in 2016 to Rp3,339 billion primarily due to a decrease in extra incentive expenses.

The above decreases were partially offset by an:

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| · |  | increase in pension benefit cost of Rp632 billion, or 59.2%, from Rp1,068 billion in 2016 to Rp1,700 billion in 2017 primarily due to an increase in additional post retirement benefit cost amounting to Rp657 billion which was partially offset by a decrease in defined pension benefit cost amounting to Rp51 billion;

| · |  | increase in salaries and related benefit expenses of Rp699 billion, or 9.8%, from Rp7,122 billion in 2016 to Rp7,821 billion in 2017 in line with increase in total employees; and

| · |  | increase in net periodic post-employment health care benefit cost of Rp113 billion, or 69.3%, from Rp163 billion in 2016 to Rp276 billion in 2017.

d. Interconnection Expense

Interconnection expense decreased by Rp231 billion, or 7.2%, from Rp3,218 billion in 2016 to Rp2,987 billion (US$220 million) in 2017 due to lower outgoing voice and SMS traffic.

e. General and Administrative Expense

General and administrative expenses increased by Rp650 billion, or 14.1%, from Rp4,610 billion in 2016 to Rp5,260 billion (US$388 million) in 2017 primarily due to an:

| · |  | increase in provision for impairment of receivables of Rp751 billion, or 101.1%, from Rp743 billion in 2016 to Rp1,494 billion in 2017 due to increases in receivable provisioning to be more in line with historical collection patterns; and

| · |  | increase in training, education and recruitment expenses of Rp132 billion, or 33.1%, from Rp399 billion in 2016 to Rp531 billion in 2017 resulting from new training initiatives for the training of both new and existing employees.

The above increase were partially offset by a:

| · |  | decrease in general expenses of Rp177 billion, or 10.9%, from Rp1,626 billion in 2016 to Rp1,449 billion in 2017; and

| · |  | decrease in professional fees of Rp96 billion, or 16.2%, from Rp594 billion in 2016 to Rp498 billion in 2017.

f. Marketing Expense

Marketing expenses increased by Rp1,136 billion, or 27.5%, from Rp4,132 billion in 2016 to Rp5,268 billion (US$388 million) in 2017. This increase was mainly related with the increase in advertising and promotion expense of Telkomsel.

g. Loss (Gain) on Foreign Exchange - net

Gain on foreign exchange-net by Rp51 billion (US$4 million) in 2017 while loss on foreign exchange – net by Rp52 billion in 2016.

h. Other Expenses

Other expenses decreased by Rp1,149 billion, or 46.5%, from Rp2,469 billion in 2016 to Rp1,320 billion (US$97 million) in 2017 primarily due to several expenses which occurred in 2016 which did not occur in 2017, including, among

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others, direct write-off of long term receivables and the accrual of tower termination expenses for Flexi tower of Rp558 billion and Rp202 billion, respectively.

Operating Profit and Operating Profit Margin

As a result of the foregoing, operating profit increased by Rp4,730 billion, or 12.1%, from Rp39,172 billion in 2016 to Rp43,902 billion (US$3,237 million) in 2017. Operating profit margin increased from 33.7% in 2016 to 34.2% in 2017.

Profit before Income Tax and Pre-Tax Profit Margin

As a result of the foregoing, profit before income tax increased by Rp4,462 billion, or 11.7%, from Rp38,166 billion in 2016 to Rp42,628 billion (US$3,144 million) in 2017. Pre-tax margin increased from 32.8% in 2016 to 33.2% in 2017.

Net Income Tax Expense

Income tax expense increased by Rp941 billion, or 10.4%, from Rp9,017 billion in 2016 to Rp9,958 billion (US$734 million) in 2017, in line with the increase in profit before income tax. This was partially offset by deferred tax benefits of Rp1,399 billion in 2017 compared to Rp1,721 billion in 2016, primarily due to deferred tax assets recognized in 2017.

Other Comprehensive Income (Expenses) – Net

We recorded other comprehensive expenses of Rp2,332 billion (US$171 million) for 2017 compared to other comprehensive income of Rp2,099 billion for 2016 primarily due to actuarial losses of Rp2,375 billion recognized in 2017 relating to our Defined Benefit Pension Plan. These losses were partially offset by foreign currency translation of Rp24 billion and net gain on available for sale financial asset of Rp20 billion.

Net Comprehensive Income for the Year

Net comprehensive income for the year increased by Rp3,288 billion, or 12.2%, from Rp27,050 billion in 2016 to Rp30,338 billion (US$2,239 million) in 2017.

Profit for the Year Attributable to Owners of the Parent Company

Profit for the year attributable to owners of the parent company increased by Rp2,787 billion, or 14.4%, from Rp19,333 billion in 2016 to Rp22,120 billion (US$1,631 million) in 2017.

Net Comprehensive Income for the Year Attributable to Owners of the Parent Company

Net comprehensive income for the year attributable to owners of the parent company increased by Rp2,615 billion, or 15.1%, from Rp17,312 billion in 2016 to Rp19,927 billion (US$1,470 million) in 2017.

Profit per Share

Profit per share increased by Rp27.31, or 13.9%, from Rp195.99 in 2016 to Rp223.30 in 2017.

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Year ended December 31, 2016 compared to year ended December 31, 2015

Revenues

Total revenues increased by Rp13,863 billion, or 13.5%, from Rp102,470 billion in 2015 to Rp116,333 billion in 2016. The increase was primarily contributed by increases in internet, data and information technology service revenues, cellular telephone revenues, and others revenues.

| a. |  | Cellular Telephone Revenue

Cellular telephone revenues increased by Rp1,212 billion, or 3.3%, from Rp37,285 billion in 2015 to Rp38,497 billion in 2016. This increase was primarily due to an increase in usage charges by Rp1,385 billion, or 3.8%, from Rp36,853 billion in 2015 to Rp38,238 billion in 2016 in line with an increase in Telkomsel subscribers from 152.6 million as of December 31, 2015 to 173.9 million as of December 31, 2016.

This increase was partially offset by a decrease in monthly subscription charges by Rp173 billion, or 40.0%, from Rp432 billion in 2015 to Rp259 billion in 2016.

b. Fixed Line Telephone Revenues

Fixed lines revenues decreased by Rp291 billion, or 3.7%, from Rp7,833 billion in 2015 to Rp7,542 billion in 2016. The decrease in fixed lines revenues was primarily due to a decrease in usage charges of Rp788 billion, or 17.0%, from Rp4,635 billion in 2015 to Rp3,847 billion in 2016 due to a decrease in revenues from voice services.

This decrease was partially offset by an increase in monthly subscription charges of Rp490 billion, or 17.4%, due to an increase in revenues from IndiHome services.

c. Data, Internet and Information Technology Services Revenues

Our data, internet and information technology service revenues accounted for 50.6% of our consolidated revenues for 2016, compared to 46.6% for 2015. Data, internet and information technology service revenues increased by Rp11,151 billion, or 23.3%, from Rp47,820 billion in 2015 to Rp58,971 billion in 2016. This increase was primarily due to an:

| · |  | increase in data cellular and internet revenues by Rp8,643 billion, or 44.0%, from Rp19,665 billion in 2015 to Rp28,308 billion in 2016 primarily driven by an increase in mobile broadband usage and an increase in Flash subscribers from 43.8 million subscribers as of December 31, 2015 to 60.0 million subscribers as of December 31, 2016. For additional information on factors driving the growth of our data cellular and internet revenues, see " Principal Factors Affecting our Financial Condition and Results of Operations  Increase in Data, Internet, and Information Technology Services";

| · |  | increase in Pay TV income by Rp965 billion, or 166.1%, from Rp581 billion in 2015 to Rp1,546 billion in 2016 due to an increase in revenues from interactive TV services that we offer as part of the IndiHome bundled service;

| · |  | increase in SMS revenues by Rp848 billion, or 5.6%, from Rp15,132 billion in 2015 to Rp15,980 billion in 2016 primarily due to our implementation of variable pricing which was based on the geographical location of users; and

| · |  | increase in internet, data communication and information technology service revenue by Rp766 billion, or 6.2%, from Rp12,307 billion in 2015 to Rp13,073 billion in 2016 primarily due to an increase of fixed broadband subscribers from 4.0 million as of December 31, 2015 to 4.3 million as of December 31, 2016.

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This increase was partially offset by a decrease in other data and internet revenues by Rp71 billion, or 52.6%, from Rp135 billion in 2015 to Rp64 billion in 2016.

d. Interconnection Revenues

Interconnection revenues comprised interconnection revenues from our fixed line network and interconnection revenues from Telkomsel’s mobile cellular network, including incoming international long-distance revenues from our IDD service (TIC-007).

Interconnection revenues decreased by Rp139 billion, or 3.2%, from Rp4,290 billion in 2015 to Rp4,151 billion in 2016 primarily due to a decrease in domestic interconnection of Rp365 billion, or 16.0%, from Rp2,276 billion in 2015 to Rp1,911 billion in 2016 primarily due to a decrease in domestic interconnection traffic.

This decrease was partially offset by an increase in international interconnection revenues of Rp226 billion, or 11.2%, from Rp2,014 billion in 2015 to Rp2,240 billion in 2016 primarily due to an increase in international interconnection traffic.

e. Network Revenues

Network revenues increased by Rp213 billion, or 17.3%, from Rp1,231 billion in 2015 to Rp1,444 billion in 2016 primarily due to an increase in satellite transponder lease revenue by Rp533 billion, or 104.1%, from Rp512 billion in 2015 to Rp1,045 billion in 2016 primarily due to an increase of satellite transponder capacity from 4,648 million MHz as of December 31, 2015 to 6,801 million MHz as of December 31, 2016. This increase was partially offset by a decrease in leased line revenue of Rp320 billion, or 44.5%, from Rp719 billion in 2015 to Rp399 billion in 2016.

f. Other Revenues

In 2016, revenues from other services increased by Rp1,717 billion, or 42.8%, from Rp4,011 billion in 2015 to Rp5,728 billion in 2016. The increase was primarily due to an:

| · |  | increase in other revenues Rp1,200 billion, or 211.6%, from Rp567 billion in 2015 to Rp1,767 billion in 2016 primarily due to an increase in revenues from leasing and trading activities PT Telkom Akses, manage non-device others, room rentals, and income from building and hotel;

| · |  | increase in e-Payment revenues by Rp298 billion, or 236.5%, from Rp126 billion in 2015 to Rp424 billion in 2016; and

| · |  | increase in e-health revenue by Rp223 billion, or 116.1%, from Rp192 billion in 2015 to Rp415 billion in 2016.

Other Income

Other income decreased by Rp749 billion, from Rp1,500 billion, or 49.9%, in 2015 to Rp751 billion in 2016 primarily due to a decrease in income from sales of scrapped copper cables extracted during the process of replacing copper cables with fiber optic cables and income from penalties received from third party vendors.

Expenses

Total expenses increased by Rp6,221 billion, or 8.7%, from Rp71,603 billion in 2015 to Rp77,824 billion in 2016. The increase in expenses was attributable primarily to increases in operations, maintenance and telecommunication service expenses, personnel expenses and marketing expenses.

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a. Operations, Maintenance and Telecommunication Service Expenses

Operations, maintenance and telecommunication service expenses increased by Rp3,147 billion, or 11.2%, from Rp28,116 billion in 2015 to Rp31,263 billion in 2016.

The increase in operations, maintenance and telecommunication service expenses was primarily attributable to the following:

| · |  | increase in operations and maintenance expenses by Rp1,918 billion, or 12.7%, from Rp15,129 billion in 2015 to Rp17,047 billion in 2016 due to an increase in expenses associated with network maintenance to improve our mobile cellular and IndiHome service;

| · |  | increase in leased lines and CPE expenses of Rp665 billion, or 34.8%, from Rp1,913 billion in 2015 to Rp2,578 billion in 2016 which was used for operation and maintenance of leased lines;

| · |  | increase in informatics technology services expenses by Rp681 billion, or 77.2%, from Rp882 billion in 2015 to Rp1,563 billion in 2016 in line with an increase in information technology service revenues; and

| · |  | increase in cost of SIM card and voucher sales by Rp180 billion, or 40.5%, from Rp444 billion in 2015 to Rp624 billion in 2016.

This increase was partially offset by a decrease in tower leases of Rp324 billion, or 50.2%, from Rp646 billion in 2015 to Rp322 billion in 2016.

b. Depreciation and Amortization

Depreciation and amortization decreased by Rp16 billion, or 0.1%, from Rp18,572 billion in 2015 to Rp18,556 billion in 2016.

c. Personnel Expenses

Personnel expenses increased by Rp1,727 billion, or 14.5%, from Rp11,885 billion in 2015 to Rp13,612 billion in 2016. This increase was primarily due to an:

| · |  | increase in employees’ salary expenses of Rp1,438 billion, or 25.3%, from Rp5,684 billion in 2015 to Rp7,122 billion in 2016 primarily due to performance bonus paid during the year;

| · |  | increase in net periodic pension costs of Rp625 billion, or 141.1%, from Rp443 billion in 2015 to Rp1,068 billion in 2016 primarily due to an increase in our contributions to our employees' pension schemes;

The above increases were partially offset by a decrease in vacation pay, incentives and other benefits expenses of Rp356 billion, or 7.8%, from Rp4,575 billion in 2015 to Rp4,219 billion primarily due to a reclassification of certain benefits that we provide to our employees as salaries.

d. Interconnection Expense

Interconnection expense decreased by Rp368 billion, or 10.3%, from Rp3,586 billion in 2015 to Rp3,218 billion in 2016 in line with a decrease in interconnection revenues.

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e. General and Administrative Expense

General and administrative expenses increased by Rp406 billion, or 9.7%, from Rp4,204 billion in 2015 to Rp4,610 billion in 2016 primarily due to an increase in general expenses of Rp594 billion, or 57.6%, from Rp1,032 billion in 2015 to Rp1,626 billion in 2016.

This increase was partially offset by a:

| · |  | decrease in provision for impairment of receivables of Rp267 billion, or 26.4%, from Rp1,010 billion in 2015 to Rp743 billion in 2016; and

| · |  | decrease in collection expenses of Rp216 billion, or 58.7%, from Rp368 billion in 2015 to Rp152 billion in 2016.

f. Marketing Expense

Marketing expenses increased by Rp857 billion, or 26.2%, from Rp3,275 billion in 2015 to Rp4,132 billion in 2016. This increase was primarily due to increased expenses for the marketing of our products, primarily related to Telkomsel's 4G/LTE services and our IndiHome services.

g. Loss on Foreign Exchange - net

Loss on foreign exchange – net increased by Rp6 billion, or 13.0%, from Rp46 billion in 2015 to Rp52 billion in 2016.

h. Other Expenses

Other expenses increased by Rp552 billion, or 28.8%, from Rp1,917 billion in 2015 to Rp2,469 billion in 2016 primarily due to the accrual of expenses relating to value-added tax liabilities for 2016 which are currently under calculation by the Indonesian Tax Office.

Operating Profit and Operating Profit Margin

Operating profit increased by Rp6,803 billion or 21.0% from Rp32,369 billion in 2015 to Rp39,172 billion in 2016. Operating profit margin increased from 31.6% in 2015 to 33.7% in 2016.

Profit before Income Tax and Pre-Tax Profit Margin

As a result of the foregoing, profit before income tax increased by Rp6,873 billion, or 22.0%, from Rp31,293 billion in 2015 to Rp38,166 billion in 2016. Pre-tax margin increased from 30.5% in 2015 to 32.8% in 2016.

Net Income Tax Expense

Income tax expense increased by Rp994 billion, or 12.4%, from Rp8,023 billion in 2015 to Rp9,017 billion in 2016, in line with the increase in profit before income tax. This was partially offset by deferred tax benefits of Rp1,721 billion in 2016 compared to Rp342 billion in 2015, primarily due to deferred tax assets recognized in 2016.

Other Comprehensive Income (Expenses) – Net

We recorded other comprehensive expenses of Rp2,099 billion for 2016 compared to other comprehensive income of Rp493 billion for 2015 primarily due to actuarial losses recognized in 2016 relating to our Defined Benefit Pension Plan.

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Net Comprehensive Income for the Year

Net comprehensive income for the year increased by Rp3,287 billion, or 13.8%, from Rp23,763 billion in 2015 to Rp27,050 billion in 2016.

Profit for the Year Attributable to Owners of the Parent Company

Profit for the year attributable to owners of the parent company increased by Rp3,882 billion, or 25.1%, from Rp15,451 billion in 2015 to Rp19,333 billion in 2016.

Net Comprehensive Income for the Year Attributable to Owners of the Parent Company

Net comprehensive income for the year attributable to owners of the parent company increased by Rp1,309 billion, or 8.2%, from Rp16,003 billion in 2015 to Rp17,312 billion in 2016.

Profit per Share

Profit per share increased by Rp39, or 24.5%, from Rp157.38 in 2015 to Rp195.99 in 2016.

Segment Overview

In 2017, we realigned our operating segments for financial reporting purposes to align with our new our parenting strategy which is based on customer segmentation. As such, we have adopted five main operating segments, described in more details as follows:

| · |  | Our mobile segment includes operating results of customer-facing lines of business that provide cellular services, which consists of Telkomsel.

| · |  | Our consumer segment includes operating results of customer-facing lines of business that provide services to individual and residential-based customers.

| · |  | Our enterprise segment includes operating results of customer-facing lines of business that provide services to corporations and institutional-based customers.

| · |  | Our wholesale and international business segment includes operating results of customer-facing lines of business that provide interconnection and other types of licensing services for OLO and international customers.

| · |  | Our others segment includes operating results of customer-facing lines that provide digital services.

For more detailed information regarding our segment information, see Note 32 to our Consolidated Financial Statements. Our segment results for 2015, 2016 and 2017 were as follows:

Telkom's Results of Operation By Segment

|  | Years Ended December 31,
|  | 2015 |  | 2016 |  | 2017 |  | 2017‑2016
|  | (Rp billion) |  | (Rp billion) |  | (Rp billion) |  | (US$ million) |  | (%)
Mobile |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Revenues |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
External revenues |  | 71,203 |  | 83,998 |  | 90,073 |  | 6,639 |  | 7.2
Inter-segment revenues |  | 4,847 |  | 2,724 |  | 3,086 |  | 227 |  | 13.3
Total segment revenues |  | 76,050 |  | 86,722 |  | 93,159 |  | 6,866 |  | 7.4
Total segment expenses |  | (46,944) |  | (50,361) |  | (53,834) |  | (3,968) |  | 6.9

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Segment results |  | 29,106 |  | 36,361 |  | 39,325 |  | 2,898 |  | 8.2
Depreciation and amortization |  | (12,978) |  | (12,808) |  | (13,560) |  | (999) |  | 5.9
Provision recognized in current period |  | (136) |  | (221) |  | (291) |  | (21) |  | 31.7
Consumer |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Revenues |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
External revenues |  | 8,936 |  | 10,410 |  | 11,105 |  | 819 |  | 6.7
Inter-segment revenues |  | 2,319 |  | 1,877 |  | 287 |  | 21 |  | (84.7)
Total segment revenues |  | 11,255 |  | 12,287 |  | 11,392 |  | 840 |  | (7.3)
Total segment expenses |  | (12,898) |  | (13,817) |  | (11,923) |  | (879) |  | (13.7)
Segment results |  | (1,643) |  | (1,530) |  | (531) |  | (39) |  | (65.3)
Depreciation and amortization |  | (2,500) |  | (2,881) |  | (2,839) |  | (209) |  | (1.5)
Provision recognized in current period |  | (226) |  | (392) |  | (385) |  | (28) |  | (1.8)
Enterprise |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Revenues |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
External revenues |  | 16,818 |  | 15,816 |  | 19,130 |  | 1,410 |  | 21.0
Inter-segment revenues |  | 4,276 |  | 12,877 |  | 16,801 |  | 1,238 |  | 30.5
Total segment revenues |  | 21,094 |  | 28,693 |  | 35,931 |  | 2,648 |  | 25.2
Total segment expenses |  | (19,031) |  | (27,460) |  | (35,680) |  | (2,630) |  | 29.9
Segment results |  | 2,063 |  | 1,233 |  | 251 |  | 18 |  | (79.6)
Depreciation and amortization |  | (1,296) |  | (1,386) |  | (2,136) |  | (157) |  | 54.1
Provision recognized in current period |  | (611) |  | 119 |  | (668) |  | (49) |  | (661.3)
Wholesale and International Business |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Revenues |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
External revenues |  | 5,603 |  | 5,866 |  | 7,439 |  | 548 |  | 26.8
Inter-segment revenues |  | 11,270 |  | 14,451 |  | 15,305 |  | 1,128 |  | 5.9
Total segment revenues |  | 16,873 |  | 20,317 |  | 22,744 |  | 1,676 |  | 11.9
Total segment expenses |  | (13,948) |  | (15,256) |  | (17,944) |  | (1,323) |  | 17.6
Segment results |  | 2,925 |  | 5,061 |  | 4,800 |  | 353 |  | (5.2)
Depreciation and amortization |  | (1,893) |  | (1,715) |  | (2,382) |  | (176) |  | 38.9
Provision recognized in current period |  | (33) |  | (238) |  | (127) |  | (9) |  | (46.6)
Other |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Revenues |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
External revenues |  | 122 |  | 19 |  | 126 |  | 9 |  | 563.2
Inter-segment revenues |  | — |  | 209 |  | 602 |  | 44 |  | 188.0
Total segment revenues |  | 122 |  | 228 |  | 728 |  | 53 |  | 219.3
Total segment expenses |  | (243) |  | (429) |  | (1,049) |  | (77) |  | 144.5
Segment results |  | (121) |  | (201) |  | (321) |  | (24) |  | 59.7
Depreciation and amortization |  | (13) |  | (19) |  | (22) |  | (2) |  | 15.8
Provision recognized in current period |  | — |  | (1) |  | (2) |  | (0) |  | 100.0

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Year ended December 31, 2017 compared to year ended December 31, 2016

Mobile Segment

Our mobile segment revenues increased by Rp6,075 billion, or 7.2%, from Rp83,998 billion in 2016 to Rp90,073 billion in 2017. The increase was primarily due to an increase in:

| · |  | data, internet and information technology service revenues by Rp6,794 billion, or 15.4% due to an increase in cellular internet and data revenues by Rp9,656 billion, or 34.1%, partially offset by a decrease in SMS revenues by Rp2,862 billion, or 17.9%;

| · |  | interconnection revenues by Rp332 billion, or 24.8%; and

| · |  | other telecommunication services revenues by Rp213 billion.

The revenue increase was partially offset by a decrease in cellular telephone revenues by Rp1,265 billion, or 3.3% due to a decrease in cellular usage charges revenues by Rp1,073 billion, or 2.8% and monthly subscription charges by Rp190 billion, or 73.2%.

Our mobile segment expenses increased by Rp1,638 billion, or 4.3% from Rp37,814 billion in 2016 to Rp39,452 billion in 2017. The increase was primarily due to an increase in:

| · |  | operation, maintenance and telecommunication service expenses by Rp904 billion, or 6.4% due to an increase in expenses associated with network maintenance to improve our mobile network;

| · |  | marketing expenses by Rp782 billion, or 25.6% primarily resulting from an increase in Telkomsel’s advertising and promotion expenses; and

| · |  | depreciation and amortization expenses by Rp752 billion, or 5.9% in line with our network infrastructure development in mobile.

Our increase in mobile segment expenses was partially offset by a decrease in interconnection expenses by Rp614 billion, or 38.6% and a decrease in personnel expenses by Rp322 billion, or 7.5%.

Consumer Segment

Our consumer segment revenues increased by Rp695 billion, or 6.7%, from Rp10,410 billion in 2016 to Rp11,105 billion in 2017 primarily due to an increase in data, internet and information technology service revenue by Rp1,612 billion, or 28.3%, resulting from an increase in internet, data communication and information technology services revenues by Rp1,407 billion, or 30.0% and an increase in Pay TV revenues by Rp202 billion, or 93.9 %.

The increase in consumer segment revenues was partially offset by a decrease in:

| · |  | fixed wireline telephone revenues by Rp417 billion, or 10.0% due to a decrease in usage charges by Rp348 billion, or 21.8%; and

| · |  | other telecommunication services revenues by Rp493 billion, or 94.5%.

Our consumer segment expenses decreased by Rp664 billion, or 6.0%, from Rp11,024 billion in 2016 to Rp10,360 billion in 2017. The decrease was primarily due to a decrease in:

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| · |  | operation, maintenance and telecommunication service expenses by Rp379 billion, or 10.2%; and

| · |  | general and administration expenses by Rp305 billion, or 38.1%.

Enterprise Segment

Our enterprise segment revenues increased by Rp3,314 billion, or 21.0%, from Rp15,816 billion in 2016 to Rp19,130 billion in 2017, primarily due to an increase in:

| · |  | data, internet and information technology service revenues by Rp2,277 billion, or 27.5% due to an increase in internet, data communication and information technology services revenues by Rp2,093 billion, or 25.7%; and

| · |  | other telecommunication services revenues by Rp1,555 billion, or 38.9%, due to an increase in CPE and terminal revenue by Rp683 billion, or 87.2%, call center revenues by Rp387 billion, or 139.9%, and other revenues by Rp270 billion, or 44.0%.

The increase in enterprise segment revenues was partially offset by a decrease in fixed wireline telephone revenues by Rp482 billion, or 14.9%, due to decrease in usage charges by Rp458 billion, or 20.8% resulting from less usage of voice services by customers resulting from competition from non-traditional telecommunication services, such as Over The Top products.

Our enterprise segment expenses increased by Rp2,814 billion, or 15.8%, from Rp17,813 billion in 2016 to Rp20,627 billion in 2017. The increase was primarily due to an increase in:

| · |  | operation, maintenance and telecommunication service expenses by Rp414 billion, or 3.6% due to an increase in expenses associated with network maintenance;

| · |  | depreciation and amortization expenses by Rp751 billion, or 54.2% in line with our network infrastructure development;

| · |  | general and administration expenses by Rp539 billion, or 71.3%; and

| · |  | personnel expenses by Rp214 billion, or 7.8%.

Wholesale and International Business Segment

Our wholesale and international business segment revenues increased by Rp1,573 billion, or 26.8%, from Rp5,866 billion in 2016 to Rp7,439 billion in 2017, mainly due to an increase in:

| · |  | other telecommunication services revenues by Rp770 billion, or 64.1%; and

| · |  | interconnection revenues by Rp684 billion, or 24.3% primarily due to higher incoming voice calls from other operators.

Our wholesale and international business segment expenses increased by Rp1,882 billion, or 18.0% from Rp10,451 billion in 2016 to Rp12,333 billion in 2017. The increase was primarily due to an increase in:

| · |  | operation, maintenance and telecommunication service expenses by Rp1,504 billion, or 39.6% due to an increase in expenses associated with network maintenance;

| · |  | depreciation and amortization expenses by Rp667 billion, or 38.9% in line with our network infrastructure development such as tower, satellite and submarine cable system; and

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| · |  | interconnection expenses by Rp398 billion, or 64.5%.

The increases in wholesale and international business segment expenses was partially offset by a decrease in other expenses by Rp866 billion, or 73.1%.

Other Segment

Our other segment revenues increased by Rp107 billion, or 574.6%, from Rp19 billion in 2016 to Rp126 billion in 2017. This increase was primarily due to an increase in data, internet and information technology service revenues by Rp107 billion, or 574.6% resulting from an increase in e-business revenues.

Our other segment expenses increased by Rp562 billion, or 134.8% from Rp417 billion in 2016 to Rp979 billion to 2017 primarily due to an increase in operation, maintenance and telecommunication service expenses by Rp339 billion, or 172.1% and an increase in marketing expenses by Rp170 billion, or 136.9%.

Year ended December 31, 2016 compared to year ended December 31, 2015

Mobile Segment

Our mobile segment revenues increased by Rp12,795 billion, or 18.0%, from Rp71,203 billion in 2015 to Rp83,998 billion in 2016. The increase was primarily due to an increase in:

| · |  | data, internet and information technology service revenues by Rp8,417 billion, or 23.5% due to an increase in cellular internet and data revenues by Rp7,587 billion, or 36.6% and SMS revenues by Rp830 billion, or 5.5%;

| · |  | cellular telephone revenues by Rp2,280, or 6.3% due to an increase in cellular usage charge revenues by Rp2,019 billion, or 5.6% and an increase in monthly subscription charges of Rp259 billion; and

| · |  | other telecommunication services revenues by Rp2,507 billion, or 100% due to an increase in e-payment revenues.

The increase in mobile segment revenues was partially offset by a decrease in:

| · |  | network revenues by Rp241 billion, or 98.6%; and

| · |  | interconnection revenues by Rp168 billion, or 11.1%.

Our mobile segment expenses increased by Rp1,353 billion, or 3.7% from Rp36,461 billion in 2015 to Rp37,814 billion in 2016. The increase was primarily due to increase in:

| · |  | marketing expenses by Rp676 billion, or 28.4%;

| · |  | operation, maintenance and telecommunication service expenses by Rp497 billion, or 3.6%; and

| · |  | personnel expenses by Rp498 billion, or 13.0%.

The increase in mobile segment expenses was partially offset by a decrease in interconnection expenses by Rp168 billion, or 9.6%, and a decrease in depreciation and amortization expenses by Rp170 billion, or 1.3%.

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Consumer Segment

Our consumer segment revenues increased by Rp1,474 billion, or 16.5%, from Rp8,936 billion in 2015 to Rp10,410 billion in 2016 mainly due to an increase in:

| · |  | data, internet and information technology service revenues by Rp1,280 billion, or 28.9% due to an increase in internet, data communication and information technology services revenues by Rp691 billion, or 17.3% and an increase in Pay TV revenues by Rp596 billion, or 144.9%; and

| · |  | other telecommunication services revenues by Rp203 billion, or 63.7%.

Our consumer segment expenses increases by Rp1,036 billion, or 10.4%, from Rp9,988 billion in 2015 to Rp11,024 billion in 2016. The increase was primarily due to an increase in:

| · |  | personnel expenses by Rp630 billion, or 25.3%; and

| · |  | depreciation and amortization expenses by Rp381 billion, or 15.3%.

Enterprise Segment

Our enterprise segment revenues decreased by Rp1,002 billion, or 6.0%, from Rp16,818 billion in 2015 to Rp15,816 billion in 2016, primarily due to a decrease in:

| · |  | other telecommunication services revenues by Rp2,626 billion, or 39.6%, mainly due to a decrease in e-payment revenues by Rp2,946 billion, or 87.4%, and a decrease in CPE terminal revenues by Rp862 billion, or 52.4%. The decrease was partially offset by an increase in other revenues by Rp924 billion, or 299.2%, and an increase in e-health revenues by Rp414 billion, or 684.7%; and

| · |  | fixed wireline telephone revenues by Rp463 billion, or 12.5%, due to a decrease in usage charges by Rp271 billion, or 11.0% and a decrease in installation charges by Rp199 billion, or 90.9%.

This decrease in enterprise segment revenues was partially offset by an increase in data, internet and information technology service revenues by Rp2,137 billion, or 34.8% primarily due to an increase in internet, data communication and information technology services by Rp2,053 billion, or 33.7%.

Our enterprise segment expenses increased by Rp3,415 billion, or 23.7% from Rp14,398 billion in 2015 to Rp17,813 billion in 2016, mainly due to increase in:

| · |  | operation, maintenance and telecommunication service expenses by Rp2,460 billion, or 27.0%;

| · |  | personnel expenses by Rp540 billion, or 24.5%; and

| · |  | marketing expenses by Rp107 billion, or 29.8%.

Wholesale and International Business Segment

Our wholesale and international business segment revenues increased by Rp263 billion, or 4.7%, from Rp5,603 billion in 2015 to Rp5,866 billion in 2016, mainly due to an increase in:

| · |  | other telecommunication services revenues by Rp164 billion, or 15.8%; and

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| · |  | data, internet and information technology service revenues by Rp113 billion, or 13.1% primarily due to an increase in internet, data communication and information technology services revenues by Rp121 billion, or 14.2%.

Our wholesale and international business segment expenses increased by Rp1,494 billion, or 16.7% from Rp8,957 billion in 2015 to Rp10,451 billion in 2016. The increase was primarily due to an increase in:

| · |  | operation, maintenance and telecommunication service expenses by Rp306 billion, or 8.8%;

| · |  | general and administration expenses by Rp214 billion, or 46,6%;

| · |  | personnel expenses by Rp201 billion, or 19.9%; and

| · |  | other expenses by Rp749 billion, or 171.8%.

Other Segment

Our other segment revenues decreased by Rp103 billion, or 84.7%, from Rp122 billion in 2015 to Rp19 billion in 2016 primarily due to a decrease in data, internet and information technology service revenues by Rp107 billion, or 84.7% resulting from a decrease in e-business.

Our other segment expenses increased by Rp174 billion, or 71.6% from Rp243 billion in 2015 to Rp417 billion in 2016. The increase was primarily due to an increase in operation, maintenance and telecommunication service expenses by Rp81 billion, or 69.3% and an increase in marketing expenses by Rp45 billion, or 57.2%.

B. LIQUIDITY

Liquidity Sources

The main source of our corporate liquidity is cash provided by operating activities and long-term debt through the capital markets as well as long-term and short-term loans through bank facilities. We divide our liquidity sources into internal and external liquidity.

A. Internal Liquidity Sources

To fulfill our obligations we rely primarily on our internal liquidity. As of December 31, 2017, we had Rp25,145 billion (US$1,853 million) in cash and cash equivalents available, a decrease of Rp4,622 billion, or 15.5%, from Rp29,767 billion as of December 31, 2016.

Cash receipts from revenues comprised primarily cash receipts from revenue from customer, which amounted to Rp117,719 billion (US$8,677 million) in 2017, and are used for payment of operating expenses, acquisition of property and equipment, intangible assets, long-term investment and business, placement in time deposits, payment of cash dividends and repayment of loans and other borrowings.

Our internal liquidity strength is reflected in our current ratio, which we calculate as current assets divided by current liabilities. As of December 31, 2017, our current ratio was 104.8% compared to 120.0% as of December 31, 2016.

B. External Liquidity Sources

Our primary external sources of liquidity are short and long-term bank loans, bonds and notes payable, other borrowings and two-step loans. We had external liquidity from loans and other borrowings of Rp35,472 billion as of December 31, 2017.

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External Outstanding Liquidity Sources

As of December 31, 2017, we had undrawn loan facilities which include the following sources of unused liquidity:

| · |  | BNI loan facility in the amount of Rp1,350 billion;

| · |  | Bank CIMB Niaga loan facility in the amount of Rp168 billion;

| · |  | The Bank of Tokyo Mitsubishi UFJ, Ltd. loan facility in the amount of Rp212 billion;

| · |  | PT Bank Sumitomo Mitsui Indonesia loan facility in the amount of Rp432 billion;

| · |  | Bank Mandiri loan facility in the amount of Rp826 billion;

| · |  | Bank UOB Singapore loan facility in the amount of USD11 million;

| · |  | Bank HSBC loan facility in the amount of Rp22 billion;

| · |  | Bank BCA loan facility in the amount of Rp2,750 billion;

| · |  | Bank ANZ loan facility in the amount of Rp60 billion;

| · |  | Bank DBS loan facility in the amount of Rp195 billion; and

| · |  | EXIM Bank of Malaysia Berhad loan facility in the amount of MYR8 million.

Cash Flows

The following table sets out information concerning our consolidated cash flows, as set out in (and prepared on the same basis as) our Consolidated Financial Statements:

|  |  |  |  |  | Years Ended December 31,
|  | 2015 |  | 2016 |  | 2017
|  | (Rp billion) |  | (Rp billion) |  | (Rp billion) |  | (US$ million)
Net cash flows: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
provided by operating activities |  | 43,669 |  | 47,231 |  | 49,405 |  | 3,642
used in investing activities |  | (27,421) |  | (27,557) |  | (33,007) |  | (2,433)
used in financing activities |  | (6,407) |  | (17,905) |  | (21,052) |  | (1,552)
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents |  | 9,841 |  | 1,769 |  | (4,654) |  | (343)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents |  | 604 |  | (119) |  | 32 |  | 2
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year |  | 17,672 |  | 28,117 |  | 29,767 |  | 2,194
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year |  | 28,117 |  | 29,767 |  | 25,145 |  | 1,853

Year ended December 31, 2017 compared to year ended December 31, 2016

As of December 31, 2017, total cash and cash equivalent amounted to Rp25,145 billion, a decrease of Rp4,622 billion, or 15.5%, from Rp29,767 billion as of December 31, 2016.

In 2017, operating activity accounted for the largest cash receipts which amounted to Rp127,669 billion, or 90.3% of total cash receipts, followed by financing activity which amounted to Rp12,219 billion, or 8.6% of total cash receipts, and investing activity which amounted to Rp1,550 billion, or 1.1% of total cash receipts. In total, cash receipts increased by Rp9,184 billion, or 6.9%, compared to 2016.

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In 2017, cash used for operating activities amounted to Rp78,264 billion, or 53.6% of total cash disbursements, followed by investing activities which amounted to Rp34,557 billion, or 23.6% of total cash disbursements, and financing activities which amounted to Rp33,271 billion, or 22.8% of total cash disbursements. Compared to 2016, cash disbursements increased by Rp15,607 billion, or 12.0%.

Cash Flows from Operating Activities

Net cash provided by operating activities in 2017 was Rp49,405 billion (US$3,642 million), compared to Rp47,231 billion in 2016, an increase of Rp2,174 billion, or 4.6%.

Cash receipts from operating activities amounted to Rp127,669 billion, an increase of Rp9,343 billion, or 7.9%, compared to 2016. The cash receipts came from:

| · |  | cash receipts from customers and other operators of Rp125,111 billion;

| · |  | cash receipts from finance income of Rp1,431 billion;

| · |  | cash receipts from tax refund of Rp585 billion; and

| · |  | cash receipts from other after netted with the cash disbursement for other of Rp542 billion.

Cash disbursements from operating activities amounted to Rp78,264 billion, an increase of Rp7,169 billion, or 10.1%, compared to 2016. The cash disbursements were used for:

| · |  | cash payments for expenses of Rp49,604 billion;

| · |  | cash payments for corporate and final income taxes of Rp11,846 billion;

| · |  | cash payments to employees of Rp11,739 billion;

| · |  | cash payments for finance costs of Rp3,133 billion; and

| · |  | cash payments for value added taxes of Rp1,942 billion.

Cash Flows from Investing Activities

Net cash flows used in investing activities in 2017 was Rp33,007 billion (US$2,433 million), compared to Rp27,557 billion in 2016, an increase of Rp5,450 billion, or 19.8%.

Cash receipts from investing activities amounted to Rp1,550 billion, a decrease of Rp1,457 billion, or 48.5%, compared to 2016. The cash receipts came from:

| · |  | proceeds from sale of property and equipment of Rp1,367 billion;

| · |  | proceeds from insurance claims of Rp155 billion; and

| · |  | dividends received from associated company of Rp28 billion.

Cash disbursements from investing activities amounted to Rp34,557 billion, an increase of Rp3,993 billion, or 13.1%, compared to 2016. The cash disbursements were used for:

| · |  | purchases of property and equipment of Rp32,294 billion;

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| · |  | placements in other current financial assets of Rp676 billion;

| · |  | purchases of intangible assets of Rp 508 billion;

| · |  | payment for advances for purchases of property and equipment of Rp490 billion;

| · |  | additional contribution on long-term investments of Rp 269 billion;

| · |  | acquisition of business, net of acquired cash of Rp243 billion; and

| · |  | purchases of other assets of Rp77 billion.

Cash Flows from Financing Activities

Net cash flows used in financing activities in 2017 was Rp21,052 billion (US$1,552 million), compared to Rp17,905 billion in 2016, an increase of Rp3,147 billion, or 17.6%.

Cash receipts from financing activities amounted to Rp12,219 billion, an increase of Rp 1,298 billion, or 11.9%, compared to 2016. The cash receipts came from:

| · |  | proceeds from loans and other borrowings of Rp 12,169 billion; and

| · |  | proceeds from issuance of new shares of subsidiaries of Rp50 billion.

Cash disbursements from financing activities amounted to Rp 33,271 billion, an increase of Rp 4,445 billion, or 15.4%, compared to 2016. The cash disbursements were used for:

| · |  | cash dividends paid to non-controlling interests of subsidiaries of Rp 12,355 billion;

| · |  | cash dividends paid to the Company’s stockholders of Rp 11,627 billion; and

| · |  | repayments of loans and other borrowings of Rp 9,289 billion.

Year ended December 31, 2016 compared to year ended December 31, 2015

As of December 31, 2016, total cash and cash equivalent amounted to Rp29,767 billion, an increase of Rp1,650 billion, or 5.9%, from Rp28,117 billion as of December 31, 2015.

In 2016, operating activity accounted for the largest cash receipts which amounted to Rp118,326 billion, or 89.5% of total cash receipts, followed by financing activity which amounted to Rp10,921 billion, or 8.2% of total cash receipts, and investing activity which amounted to Rp3,007 billion, or 2.3% of total cash receipts. In total, cash receipts increased by Rp8,051 billion, or 6.5 %, compared to 2015.

In 2016, cash used for operating activities amounted to Rp71,095 billion, or 54.5% of total cash disbursements, followed by investing activities which amounted to Rp30,564 billion, or 23.4% of total cash disbursements, and financing activities which amounted to Rp28,826 billion, or 22.1% of total cash disbursements. Compared to 2015, cash disbursements increased by Rp16,123 billion, or 14.1%.

Cash Flows from Operating Activities

Net cash provided by operating activities was Rp47,231 billion, compared to Rp43,669 billion in 2015, an increase of Rp3,562 billion, or 8.2%.

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Cash receipts from operating activities amounted to Rp118,326 billion, an increase of Rp15,663 billion, or 15.3%, compared to 2015. The cash receipts came from:

| · |  | cash receipts from customers and other operators of Rp116,116 billion;

| · |  | cash receipts from finance income of Rp1,736 billion; and

| · |  | cash receipts from other after netted with the cash disbursement for other of Rp474 billion.

Cash disbursements from operating activities amounted to Rp71,095 billion, an increase of Rp12,101 billion, or 20.5%, compared to 2015. The cash disbursements were used for:

| · |  | cash payments for expenses of Rp42,433 billion;

| · |  | cash payments for corporate and final income taxes of Rp11,304 billion;

| · |  | cash payments to employees of Rp11,207 billion;

| · |  | cash payments for finance costs of Rp3,455 billion; and

| · |  | cash payments for value added taxes of Rp2,696 billion.

Cash Flows from Investing Activities

Net cash flows used in investing activities in 2016 was Rp27,557 billion, compared to Rp27,421 billion in 2015, an increase of Rp136 billion, or 0.5%.

Cash receipts from investing activities amounted to Rp3,007 billion, an increase of Rp2,101 billion, or 231.9%, compared to 2015. The cash receipts came from:

| · |  | proceeds from escrow accounts of Rp2,159 billion;

| · |  | proceeds from sale of property and equipment of Rp765 billion;

| · |  | proceeds from insurance claims of Rp60 billion; and

| · |  | dividends received from associated company of Rp23 billion.

Cash disbursements from investing activities amounted to Rp30,564 billion, an increase of Rp2,237 billion, or 7.9%, compared to 2015. The cash disbursements were used for:

| · |  | purchases of property and equipment of Rp26,787 billion;

| · |  | payment for advances for purchases of property and equipment of Rp1,338 billion;

| · |  | purchases of intangible assets of Rp1,098 billion;

| · |  | placements in other current financial assets of Rp983 billion;

| · |  | acquisition of non-controlling interest in subsidiary of Rp138 billion;

| · |  | acquisition of business, net of acquired cash of Rp137 billion;

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| · |  | additional contribution on long-term investments of Rp 43 billion; and

| · |  | purchases of other assets of Rp40 billion.

Cash Flows from Financing Activities

Net cash flows used in financing activities in 2016 was Rp17,905 billion, compared to Rp6,407 billion in 2015, an increase of Rp11,498 billion, or 179.5%.

Cash receipts from financing activities amounted to Rp10,921 billion, a decrease of Rp9,713 billion, or 47.1%, compared to 2015. The cash receipts came from:

| · |  | proceeds from loans and other borrowings of Rp7,479 billion;

| · |  | proceeds from sale of treasury stock of Rp3,259 billion; and

| · |  | proceed from issuance of new shares of subsidiaries of Rp183 billion.

Cash disbursements from financing activities amounted to Rp28,826 billion, an increase of Rp1,785 billion, or 6.6%, compared to 2015. The cash disbursements were used for:

| · |  | cash dividends paid to the Company’s stockholders of Rp11,213 billion;

| · |  | cash dividends paid to non-controlling interests of subsidiaries of Rp7,058 billion; and

| · |  | repayments of loans and other borrowings of Rp10,555 billion.

Current Assets

As of December 31, 2017, our current assets were Rp47,561 billion (US$3,506 million) compared to Rp47,701 billion as of December 31, 2016, a decrease of Rp140 billion, or 0.3%. This decrease was primarily due to a decrease in our cash and cash equivalents of Rp4,622 billion, or 15.5%, from Rp29,767 billion as of December 31, 2016 to Rp25,145 billion as of December 31, 2017.

This decrease was partially offset by:

| · |  | an increase in trade and other receivables by Rp1,664 billion, or 21.1%, from Rp7,900 billion as of December 31, 2016 to Rp9,564 billion as of December 31, 2017 due to an increase in trade receivables from third parties;

| · |  | an increase in other current assets of Rp1,937 billion, or 36.9%, from Rp5,246 billion as of December 31, 2016 to Rp7,183 billion as of December 31, 2017;

| · |  | an increase in other current financial asset by Rp702 billion, or 47.7% from Rp1,471 billion as of December 31, 2016 to Rp2,173 billion as of December 31, 2017; and

| · |  | an increase in prepaid other tax by Rp212 billion, or 8.1% from Rp2,621 billion as of December 31, 2016 to Rp2,833 billion as of December 31, 2017.

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Current Liabilities

As of December 31, 2017, our current liabilities were Rp45,376 billion (US$3,344 million) compared to Rp39,762 billion as of December 31, 2016, an increase of Rp5,614 billion, or 14.1%. The increase was primarily due to:

| · |  | an increase in trade and other payable of Rp2,101 billion, or 15.3%, from Rp13,690 billion as of December 31, 2016 to Rp15,791 billion as of December 31, 2017 due to an increase in trade payables to third party;

| · |  | an increase in short-term bank loans and current maturities on long-term liabilities of Rp2,066 billion, or 38.0%, from Rp5,432 billion as of December 31, 2016 to Rp7,498 billion as of December 31, 2017;

| · |  | an increase in accrued expenses of Rp1,347 billion, or 11.9%, from Rp11,283 billion as of December 31, 2016 to Rp12,630 billion as of December 31, 2017;

| · |  | an increase in advances from customers Rp400 billion, or 47.6%, from Rp840 billion as of December 31, 2016 to Rp1,240 billion as of December 31, 2017; and

| · |  | an increase in other tax liabilities of Rp271 billion, or 15.8%, from Rp1,718 billion as of December 31, 2016 to Rp1,989 billion as of December 31, 2017.

This increase was partially offset by:

| · |  | a decrease current income tax liabilities of Rp435 billion, or 35.2% from Rp1,236 billion as of December 31, 2016 to Rp801 billion as of December 31, 2017; and

| · |  | a decrease unearned income of Rp136 billion, or 2.4%, from Rp5,563 billion as of December 31, 2016 to Rp5,427 billion as of December 31, 2017.

Working Capital

Net working capital, calculated as the difference between current assets and current liabilities, amounted to Rp7,939 billion as of December 31, 2016 compared to Rp2,185 billion (US$162 million) as of December 31, 2017, a decrease of Rp5,754 billion, or 72.5%. The decrease in net working capital was primarily due to:

| · |  | a decrease in our cash and cash equivalents of Rp4,622 billion, or 15.5%, from Rp29,767 billion as of December 31, 2016 to Rp25,145 billion as of December 31, 2017;

| · |  | an increase in trade and other receivables of Rp1,664 billion, or 21.1%, from Rp7,900 billion as of December 31, 2016 to Rp9,564 billion as of December 31, 2017;

| · |  | an increase in other current assets of Rp1,937 billion, or 36.9%, from Rp5,246 billion as of December 31, 2016 to Rp7,183 billion as of December 31, 2017;

| · |  | an increase in trade and other payables of Rp2,101 billion, or 15.3%, from Rp13,690 billion as of December 31, 2016 to Rp15,791 billion as of December 31, 2017 due to an increase in trade payables to third party;

| · |  | an increase in short-term bank loans and current maturities of long-term borrowings of Rp2,066 billion, or 38.0%, from Rp5,432 billion as of December 31, 2016 to Rp7,498 billion as of December 31, 2017;

| · |  | an increase in accrued expenses of Rp1,347 billion, or 11.9%, from Rp11,283 billion as of December 31, 2016 to Rp12,630 billion as of December 31, 2017;

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| · |  | an increase in advances from customers of Rp400 billion, or 47.6%, from Rp840 billion as of December 31, 2016 to Rp1,240 billion as of December 31, 2017; and

| · |  | an increase in other tax liabilities of Rp271 billion, or 15.8%, from Rp1,718 billion as of December 31, 2016 to Rp1,989 billion as of December 31, 2017.

We believe that our working capital is sufficient for our present requirements. We expect that our working capital requirements will continue to be addressed by various funding sources, including cash from operating activities and bank loans.

Capital Structure

Our capital structure as of December 31, 2017 is described as follows:

|  | Amount |  | Portion
|  | (Rp billion) |  | (%)
Short-term debt |  | 2,289 |  | 1.79
Long-term debt |  | 33,183 |  | 25.94
Total debt |  | 35,472 |  | 27.73
Equity attributable to owners of the parent company |  | 92,467 |  | 72.27
Total |  | 127,939 |  | 100.0

We take a qualitative approach towards our capital structure and debt levels. Under our syndicated loan agreement with BNI and BCA, we are required to maintain a debt to equity ratio should not exceed 2.5 and debt service coverage ratio should not be less than 1.0. As of December 31, 2017, our debt to equity ratio was 38.4% and our debt service coverage ratio was 5.2 times, indicating our strong ability to meet our debt obligations. Our debt levels are primarily driven by our plans to develop our existing and new strategic businesses. In determining our optimum debt levels, we also consider our debt ratios with reference to regional peers in the telecommunications industry.

For further information on our Company’s management policies related to capital, see Note 36 to our Consolidated Financial Statements.

Indebtedness

Consolidated total indebtedness (consisting of short-term bank loans, long-term liabilities, current maturities of long-term liabilities and other borrowings) as of December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017 were as follows:

|  | As of December 31,
|  | 2015 |  | 2016 |  | 2017
|  | (Rp billion) |  | (Rp billion) |  | (Rp billion) |  | (US$ million)
Indonesian Rupiah |  | 31,041 |  | 30,100 |  | 33,623 |  | 2,477
U.S. Dollar(1) |  | 2,779 |  | 992 |  | 1,027 |  | 76
Japanese Yen(2) |  | 792 |  | 707 |  | 648 |  | 48
Malaysian Ringgit(3) |  | — |  | — |  | 174 |  | 13
Total |  | 34,612 |  | 31,799 |  | 35,472 |  | 2,614

| (1) |  | The amounts as of December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017 translated into Rupiah at Rp13,785, Rp13,472.5 and Rp13,567.5 = US$1, respectively, being the Reuters average rates for U.S. Dollar at each of those dates.

| (2) |  | The amounts as of December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017 translated into Rupiah at Rp114.52, Rp115.06 and Rp120.52 = Yen 1, respectively, being the Reuters average rates for Yen at each of those dates.

| (3) |  | The amount as of December 31, 2017 translated into Rupiah at Rp3,352.07 = Ringgit 1, being the Reuters average rates for Ringgit.

Of our total indebtedness, as of December 31, 2017, Rp7,498 billion, Rp11,698 billion, Rp8,081 billion and Rp8,195 billion were scheduled for repayment in 2018, 2019-2020, 2021-2022 and thereafter, respectively.

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For further information on our Company’s indebtedness, see Notes 16 and 17 to our Consolidated Financial Statements.

Capital Expenditures

In 2017, we incurred capital expenditures of Rp33,154 billion (US$2,444 million). Our capital expenditures are grouped into the following categories for planning purposes:

| · |  | Broadband services, which consist of broadband, IT, application and content and service node;

| · |  | Network infrastructure, which consists of core transmission network, metro-ethernet and Regional Metro Junction (“RMJ”), IP backbone and satellite;

| · |  | Optimizing legacy, for fixed lines; and

| · |  | Capital expenditure supports.

Of our Rp33,154 billion capital expenditure in 2017, Telkom, as parent company, incurred capital expenditures of Rp11,572 billion (US$853 million), Telkomsel incurred capital expenditures of Rp15,080 billion (US$1,112 million) and our other subsidiaries incurred capital expenditures of Rp6,502 billion (US$479 million). The following table set forth our capital expenditure breakdown between Telkom as a parent company, Telkomsel and our other subsidiaries for the periods indicated.

|  |  |  |  |  | Years Ended December 31,
|  | 2015 |  | 2016 |  | 2017
|  | (Rp billion) |  | (Rp billion) |  | (Rp billion) |  | (US$ million)
Telkom (parent company) |  | 9,641 |  | 10,309 |  | 11,572 |  | 853
Subsidiaries |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Telkomsel |  | 11,321 |  | 12,564 |  | 15,080 |  | 1,112
Others |  | 5,439 |  | 6,326 |  | 6,502 |  | 479
Subtotal for subsidiaries |  | 16,760 |  | 18,890 |  | 21,582 |  | 1,591
Total for Telkom Group |  | 26,401 |  | 29,199 |  | 33,154 |  | 2,444

Material Commitments for Capital Expenditures

As of December 31, 2017, we had material commitments for capital expenditures under contractual arrangements totaling Rp9,344 billion (US$689 million), principally relating to procurement and installation of data, internet and information technology, cellular, transmission equipment and cable network in Indonesia.

The following table sets forth information on our committed capital expenditures under contractual arrangements as of December 31, 2017.

Currencies |  | Amounts in Foreign Currencies |  | Equivalent in Rupiah
|  | (in millions) |  | (in billions)
Rupiah |  | — |  | 6,737
U.S. Dollar |  | 192 |  | 2,604
Euro |  | 0.21 |  | 3
Total |  |  |  | 9,344

For a more detailed discussion regarding our material commitments for capital expenditures, see Note 33a to our Consolidated Financial Statements.

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Source of Funds

We have historically funded our capital expenditures primarily with cash generated from operations. In 2018, we expect that our capital expenditure to revenue ratio will be approximately in the range of 25%-30%. We expect that the most significant proportions of capital expenditure will be allocated to broadband services, with a portion of the increase allocated to our subsidiaries. We expect to fund the above commitments with our internal and external source of funds.

The realization and use of future capital expenditures may differ from the amounts indicated above due to various factors, including but not limited to changes in the Indonesian and global economy, the Rupiah/U.S. Dollar or other applicable foreign exchange rates, the availability of supply or vendor or other financing on terms acceptable to us, and also any technical or other problems in the implementation.

Critical Accounting Policies, Estimates and Judgments

For a complete discussion of our critical accounting policies, estimates and judgments, see Note 2aa to our Consolidated Financial Statements.

New Standards and Interpretations

IFRS 15 Revenue from Contracts with Customers will be effective for periods from January 1, 2018. IFRS 15 establishes a comprehensive framework to determine how, when and how much revenue is to be recognized. The standard provides a single, principles-based five-step model for the determination and recognition of revenue to be applied to all contracts with customers. The standard also provides specific guidance requiring certain types of costs to obtain and/or fulfil a contract to be capitalized and amortized on a systematic basis that is consistent with the transfer to the customer of the goods or services to which the capitalized cost relates. IFRS 15 replaces a number of existing revenue standards, including IAS 18 - Revenue, IAS 11 - Construction Contracts and IFRIC 13 - Customer Loyalty Programmes. We have elected to use a modified retrospective approach when adopting this standard. We have also elected to apply the following practical expedients on the transition date:

| · |  | Completed contracts - we will apply IFRS 15 only to customer contracts that are not completed on January 1, 2018 and will not adjust prior reporting periods; and

| · |  | Contract modifications - instead of applying a retrospective approach to quantify the cumulative effects of contract modifications from the time the each modification was made; we will reflect the aggregate effect of all contract modifications that occur before January 1, 2018 in order to: (i) identify satisfied and unsatisfied performance obligations; (ii) determine the transaction price of the latest modified contract; and (iii) allocate the transaction price to the satisfied and unsatisfied performance obligations as of January 1, 2018.

Please see note 39 to our Consolidated Financial Statements for a detailed discussion of IFRS 15 and other new standards, amendments to standards and interpretations not yet effective for 2017 which have not been applied in preparing the Consolidated Financial Statements.

C. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT, PATENTS AND LICENSES, ETC.

As a technology-based company, we continue to focus on product and service innovation through ongoing research and development. The changing landscape of the telecommunications industry, particularly with competition from Over the Top services and other digital-based services, necessitate innovations on our part in order to improve the customer experience and remain competitive and transform into a digital telecommunications company.

We are conducting access network infrastructure research in order to find access technologies capable of delivering data to customers at higher speeds, and with lower delays, through technologies such as Next Generation PON 2 (NGPON 2) LTE, Wi-Fi Giga, and 5G. We also conduct joint innovation activities that aim to enhance our current

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products and services and create new business models to produce new revenue generators. For example, we have been conducting research on access network virtualization with NTT in order to facilitate management of new services.

We are also conducting infrastructure research for service nodes for voice-based voice/multimedia and high-speed internet service infrastructure. For voice service control service, we conduct research for IMS technology. As for service control of high-speed internet service, we do research for broadband remote access server (BRAS) technology, policy and charging rules function (PCRF), and policy charging enforcement function (PCEF). These service node technologies evolved by adopting virtualization technology that can improve speed, flexibility, deployment and operation efficiency.

Exploration on future technology and observation on the Internet of Things has also contributed much to our long-term benefit in terms of updated knowledge as well as human capital development that may create opportunities for additional revenue and cost savings in the future. The Long Range (LoRA) Wide Area Network, Near Field Communication (NFC), Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) and Narrow Band - Internet of Things (NB-IoT) are among the technologies that we have begun to do research in relating to the Internet of Things.

Our research and development activities include our open innovation program where we aim to leverage the creativity of Indonesian digital technology entrepreneurs with the aim of integrating the products and services that they develop into our business. We provide office facilities for nurturing creativity such as shared meeting rooms, classrooms and common areas for entrepreneurs which are known as Digital Innovation Lounges at 16 locations in Indonesia. In 2017, we received 625 proposals from startups as part of our startup discovery program and selected 46 of them to join our incubation program. We conduct incubation and acceleration activities and provide mentorships to assist startups to develop and validate their customer, product, and business model. We occasionally provide seed financing in the form of equity to startups which we believe are commercially viable. We also support startups to commercialize their products and services and obtain follow-on financing. In 2017, we successfully integrated the products and services of certain startups such as Kofera (a performance marketing platform using machine learning), Goers (a social activities, discovery and engagement hub platform for events), Tees.co.id (a one-stop custom merchandise solution), and Jasa Connect (a workforce management platform).

Our total expenditure for research and development activities was approximately Rp11 billion, Rp13 billion and Rp39 billion in 2015, 2016 and 2017, respectively.

D. TREND INFORMATION

The significant trends, or developments that have had in recent years, and may have in the future, a material impact on our results of operations, financial condition and capital expenditures, include (i) an increase in revenues from data, internet and information technology services revenues and (ii) a flattening in the growth of legacy services such as fixed line telephone, cellular voice and SMS revenues. See “Operating Results”.

We believe favorable external factors, among others, will support our ability to continue to drive revenue growth from both cellular and non-cellular data, internet and information technology services. During 2017, Indonesia recorded GDP growth of 5.07%. With good economic fundamentals, Indonesia’s national economy is expected to continue to grow steadily, with a corresponding increase in consumer purchasing power, which in turn is expected to result in higher demand for telecommunications services, for both basic telecommunications services as well as value-added services that are part of the increasingly prevalent digital lifestyle in modern societies.

Indonesia's telecommunications sector remains promising as it offers a large market with a sizable consumer base. Rising spending power of Indonesian consumers and growing mobile technological proliferations all have led to increased demand for innovative uptake. Several ongoing investment programs by telecommunication operators are expected to help improve Indonesia's national broadband landscape, with the emphasis being on 3G/4G mobile networks and fixed broadband. However, the continued decline in legacy services which is affecting all Asian countries is expected to continue. Mobile data and fixed broadband promotions from telecommunications operators have helped drive subscriptions nationally, but have led to lower margins. We believe the foregoing trends will lead to continuing increase

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in demand for data, internet and information technology services as well as cloud and digital services may mitigatethe decline of legacy services such as fixed lines telephony, cellular voice and SMS.

Enterprise spending on systems integration, maintenance and consulting is expected to increase with the fastest growth envisaged in services such as outsourcing and cloud computing. The rapid expansion of the IT services market and improvements made to Indonesia's telecommunications and ICT infrastructure are expected to continue driving long-term growth in the Indonesian IT services market accordint. This includes the development of machine-to-machine (M2M) services, often referred to as the Internet of Things (IoT), which will require IT support in the form of software and services. We plan to continue to build our capabilities in these areas in order to position ourselves to capture opportunities in this space.

The Palapa national fiber ring project is nearing completion, meaning all main islands within the Indonesian archipelago will be connected by sufficient fiber optic backbone capacity. This will be followed by extending the links to neighboring nations and IT dissemination. Improvements in mobile internet speed and coverage have helped over 100 million Indonesians with access to true broadband internet experience, transforming communication and content consumption behavior in the country. Although free to air television (FTA TV) remains the most effective medium for advertisers to get national reach today, competition from internet and other digital media are inevitable. The fast growth of online content consumption is expected to provide an opportunity for broadband players such as Telkom to capture advertising revenue in the medium to longer term.

E. OFF-BALANCE SHEET ARRANGEMENTS

As of December 31, 2017, we had no off-balance sheet arrangements that were reasonably likely to have a current or future material effect on our financial condition, revenues or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources.

F. TABULAR DISCLOSURE OF CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS

The following table sets forth information on certain of our material contractual obligations as of December 31, 2017:

|  | By Payment Due Date
Contractual Obligation |  | Total |  | Less Than 1 Year (7) |  | 1‑3 years (7) |  | 3‑5 years (7) |  | More than 5 years (7)
|  | (Rp billion) |  | (Rp billion) |  | (Rp billion) |  | (Rp billion) |  | (Rp billion)
Long-Term Debts(1)(5) |  | 29,379 |  | 4,415 |  | 10,255 |  | 6,865 |  | 7,844
Capital Lease Obligation(2) |  | 3,804 |  | 794 |  | 1,443 |  | 1,216 |  | 351
Interest on Long-Term Debts and Capital Lease(6) |  | 14,805 |  | 2,686 |  | 3,983 |  | 3,702 |  | 4,434
Operating Lease(3) |  | 31,218 |  | 4,038 |  | 7,984 |  | 7,931 |  | 11,265
Unconditional Purchase Obligations(4) |  | 9,344 |  | 9,344 |  | — |  | — |  | —
Total |  | 88,550 |  | 21,277 |  | 23,665 |  | 19,714 |  | 23,894

| (1) |  | See notes 16 and 17 to our Consolidated Financial Statements

| (2) |  | Related to the lease of the slot site of the tower, transmission installation and equipment, power supply, data processing equipment, office equipment, vehicles and CPE assets

| (3) |  | Related to leases of leased line, telecommunication installation and equipment and land and building

| (4) |  | Capital expenditure committed under contractual arrangements

| (5) |  | Excludes the related contractually committed interest obligations

| (6) |  | See item 3 "Key Information - Business Overview - Risk Factors - Risk Related to Our Business - Financial Risk - We are exposed to interest rate risk"

| (7) |  | Less than 1 year = 2018, 1‑3 years = 2019‑2020, 3‑5years = 2021‑2022, more than 5 years = 2023 and thereafter

See Note 33 to our Consolidated Financial Statements for further details on our contractual commitments. In addition to the above contractual obligations, we had long-term liabilities for defined pension benefits and post-employment health care benefit plan. In 2017, we did not contribute to our defined benefit pension plan and post-employment health care benefit plan. See Note 29 to our Consolidated Financial Statements.

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G. SAFE HARBOR

All information that is not historical in nature disclosed under “Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements” and “Tabular Disclosure of Contractual Obligations” is deemed to be a forward-looking statement. See “Forward-Looking Statements".

ITEM 6. DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND EMPLOYEES

A. DIRECTORS AND SENIOR MANAGEMENT

In accordance with Law No.40 of 2007 on Limited Liability Companies, we have a Board of Commissioners and a Board of Directors. These boards are separate and no individual may be a member of both boards.

The members of the Board of Commissioners and Board of Directors are elected and dismissed by shareholders’ resolutions at a GMS. As stated in our Articles of Association, to be elected, candidates must be nominated by the Government as holder of the Dwiwarna Share. The term of office for each Commissioner and Director commences at the closing of the GMS which appoints such Commissioner or Director or such other time as specified by such GMS, and terminates at the closing of the fifth AGMS held after his/her appointment. Shareholders, through an AGMS or an EGMS, have the right to discharge a Commissioner or Director at any time before the expiration of his/her term of office.

Board of Commissioners

Our Board of Commissioners is responsible for supervising and advising the Board of Directors. Our Board of Commissioners consists of seven members, one of whom is designated the President Commissioner.

As of December 31, 2017, the Board of Commissioners consisted of seven members as listed below:

Name |  | Age |  | Date of Birth |  | Commissioner Since |  | Position
Hendri Saparini |  | 53 |  | June 16, 1964 |  | 2014 |  | President Commissioner
Hadiyanto |  | 55 |  | October 10, 1962 |  | 2012 |  | Commissioner
Rinaldi Firmansyah |  | 57 |  | June 10, 1960 |  | 2015 |  | Commissioner
Dolfie Othniel Fredric Palit |  | 49 |  | October 27, 1968 |  | 2014 |  | Independent Commissioner
Cahyana Ahmadjayadi |  | 62 |  | July 12, 1955 |  | 2017 |  | Independent Commissioner
Margiyono Darsasumarja |  | 41 |  | September 14, 1976 |  | 2015 |  | Independent Commissioner
Pamijati Pamela Johanna Waluyo |  | 59 |  | June 20, 1958 |  | 2015 |  | Independent Commissioner

Each of our Commissioners was a citizen of and domiciled in Indonesia as of December 31, 2017. In accordance with OJK regulations and IDX rules which require 30% of our Board of Commissioners to be independent, four Commissioners have been designated as Independent Commissioners. Our Independent Commissioners are: Dolfie Othniel Fredric Palit, Cahyana Ahmadjayadi, Margiyono Darsasumarja and Pamijati Pamela Johanna Waluyo. The principal duty of our Independent Commissioners, in addition to exercising supervision, is to represent the interests of minority shareholders.

Set forth below is a brief biography of each of our Commissioners:

Hendri Saparini assumed the role of President Commissioner in December 2014. Currently, she also serves as a Member Committee OJK Development of Sharia Service from 2004. Dr. Saparini founded the Center of Reform on Economics (CORE Indonesia) and has served as its executive director from 2013. Currently, she also serves as a member of the National Industry and Economics Committee (Komite Ekonomi dan Industri Nasional or KEIN) from 2016 and as lecturer at the Institute of State Administration (Lembaga Administrasi Negara) from 2009. Previously Dr. Saparini served as managing director (2005-2013) and researcher (1994-2013) at the ECONIT Advisory Group. She has also served as budgetary consultant for the Indonesian House of Representatives Secretariat General (2009-2012). Dr. Saparini holds a

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doctorate in international political economics and a master degree in international policy management from Tsukuba University, Japan and a bachelor of arts degree in economics from Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta.

Hadiyanto assumed the role of Commissioner in May 2012. Currently, he also serves as Secretary General of the Ministry of Finance from 2015. Dr. Hadiyanto has assumed, among other positions, Director General for State Assets of the Ministry of Finance (2006-2016), Head of the Legal Bureau of the Secretariat General of the Ministry of Finance (2005-2006) and Alternate Executive Director at the World Bank in Washington D.C. (2003-2005). He has also served as President Commissioner of PT Garuda Indonesia (Persero) Tbk (2007-2012) and President Commissioner of PT Bank Export Indonesia (Persero) (also known as Indonesia Exim Bank) (2007-2009). He holds a doctorate in legal studies and a bachelor of law degree from the University of Padjadjaran, Bandung and a Master of Laws from Harvard University Law School.

Rinaldi Firmansyah assumed the role of Independent Commissioner in April 2015 and the transfer of his position as Commissioner, pursuant to Ministerial Letter No.SR-246/MBU/04/2017 dated April 21, 2017. Currently, he also serves as a commissioner at PT Elnusa Tbk from 2014 and PT Bluebird Tbk from 2013. Mr. Firmansyah also serves as an advisory board member of Daestrum Capital from 2016 and as managing partner of Fidelitas Capital from 2015. Dr. Firmansyah served as a commissioner at Indosat (2015), our President Director (2007-2012) and our Director of Finance (2004-2007). He holds a doctorate in management from the University of Padjadjaran, Bandung, an MBA from the Indonesian Institute of Management Development (IPMI), Jakarta and a bachelor degree in electrical engineering from the Bandung Institute of Technology. Dr. Firmansyah is a Chartered Financial Analyst.

Dolfie Othniel Fredric Palit assumed the role of Commissioner in December 2014 and the transfer of his position as Independent Commissioner, pursuant to Ministerial Letter No. SR-246/MBU/04/2017 dated April 21, 2017. Currently, he also serves as an Expert Staff of the Coordinating Minister for Human Development and Culture. Previously, Mr. Palit has served as Executive Director of the Strategic Consultancy Institute for Research on Policy and Regional Autonomy (Lembaga Konsultan Strategis Riset Kebijakan dan Otonomi Daerah or REKODE) (2004-2009) and as Executive Director at Bumi Indonesia Hijau Foundation (2001-2003). Mr. Palit served as a member of the Indonesian House of Representatives (2009-2014), where he acted as member of the Special Committee for the Prevention and Combating Money Laundering, the Bank Century Supervisory Team, the Budget Committee of the House of Representatives and the Special Committee of the Law on the Healthcare and Social Security Agency (Badan Penyelenggara Jaminan Sosial or BPJS). He holds a bachelor degree from the Bandung Institute of Technology.

Cahyana Ahmadjayadi assumed the role of Commissioner in April 2017. Previously, he was Founder and Chairman of Citiasia Inc. from 2010-2013, Commissioner of PT Bank Mandiri (Persero) in 2011, Founder of Pengelola Nama Domain Internet Indonesia in 2006, Directorate General for Telematics Application at the Ministry of Communications and Informatics in Indonesia in 2005, Deputy for Communication and Information Networks at the Ministry of Communications and Informatics in Indonesia in 2002 and Head of Telkom's Regional V Division, West Java in 1993. Mr. Ahmadjayadi holds a Bachelor's Degree in industrial engineering from Bandung Institute of Technology (1980), a Master's degree in Law from the University of Padjajaran (2004) and a Doctoral degree in cyber law from the University of Padjajaran (2010).

Margiyono Darsasumarja assumed the role of Independent Commissioner in April 2016. He has served as coordinator of advocacy and partnership for government reform of the Bureaucracy Reform Project (2012-2015), a lecturer in law and media ethics at Ahmad Bakrie University (2012-2014) and a media development manager at Voice of Human Rights Media, a radio program in Indonesia (2001-2011). He holds a master of laws from the University of Leeds, England and a bachelor of law from the University of Indonesia.

Pamijati Pamela Johanna Waluyo assumed the role of Independent Commissioner in April 2015. Previously, she has served as corporate marketing director of Obsession Media Group (2014-2015), assistant director of sales and marketing at PT Media Televisi Indonesia (the broadcaster of Metro TV) (2006-2014), and corporate public relations professional at PT Media Televisi Indonesia and Media Group (2000-2006). She holds a master degree from the Delft University of Technology, the Netherlands and a bachelor degree from the Trisakti Business School, Jakarta.

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Board of Directors

Our Board of Directors is responsible for our overall management and day-to-day operations under the supervision of the Board of Commissioners. The Board of Directors consists of eight members, including a President Director.

The following table sets forth the functions and authority of our Directors.

Role |  | Functions and Authority
Director of Consumer Services |  | 1. Responsible for the business strategy to drive disruptive competitive growth through winning competition and growing the fixed and consumer digital segment business portfolio. 2. Oversees our parenting strategy by implementing strategic control, coordination and subsidiary performance management over the consumer customer facing unit, in order to create company value through optimizing and harmonizing relations between our Company and our subsidiaries and managing the operations of subsidiaries under the consumer customer facing unit.
Director of Enterprise and Business Service |  | 1. Responsible for the business strategy to drive disruptive competitive growth through winning competition and growing the enterprise digital segment business portfolio (enterprise, government and business). 2. Oversees our parenting strategy by implementing strategic control, coordination and subsidiary performance management over the enterprise customer facing unit, in order to create company value through optimizing and harmonizing relations between our Company and our subsidiaries and managing the operations of subsidiaries under the enterprise customer facing unit.
Director of Wholesale and International Services |  | 1. Responsible for the business strategy to drive disruptive competitive growth through winning competitions and growing the wholesale and international segment business portfolio. 2. Oversees our parenting strategy by implementing strategic control, coordination and subsidiary performance management over the wholesale and international customer facing unit, in order to create company value through optimizing and harmonizing relations between our Company and our subsidiaries and managing the operations of subsidiaries under the wholesale and international customer facing unit.
Director of Network, IT and Solution |  | 1. Responsible for the business strategy to leverage our existing resources in order to develop and exploit our established businesses and services by utilizing infrastructure, IT and solutions to support our business portfolio synergistically. 2. Oversees our parenting strategy over the network, IT and solutions functional unit in order to create company value through optimizing and harmonizing the functional management of network, IT and solutions within our Group.
Director of Digital and Strategic Portfolio |  | 1. Responsible for (i) distributing corporate strategy, including directional strategy, portfolio strategy and parenting strategy, (ii) exploring new sources of growth through collaboration, acquisition and synergy and (iii) developing a strategy for innovation in order to optimize business exploration in digital services. 2. Oversees our parenting strategy over the digital strategic portfolio functional unit in order to create company value through optimizing and harmonizing the management of strategy and business development within our Group. 3. Oversees our parenting strategy by implementing strategic control, coordination and subsidiary performance management over the digital services customer facing unit, in order to create company value through optimizing and harmonizing relations between our Company and our subsidiaries and managing the operations of subsidiaries under the digital services customer facing unit.

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Role |  | Functions and Authority
Director of Finance |  | 1. Responsible for distributing corporate strategy, including portfolio strategy and parenting strategy with regard to financial operations and procurement in order to encourage optimal financial performance, procurement and assets growth, and drive disruptive competitive growth within our Group. 2. Oversees our parenting strategy by implementing strategic control, coordination and subsidiary performance management over the finance functional unit, in order to create company value through optimizing and harmonizing relations between our Company and our subsidiaries and managing the operations of subsidiaries under the finance functional unit.
Director of Human Capital Management |  | 1. Responsible for distributing corporate strategy, including directional strategy, portfolio strategy and parenting strategy on aspects related to the development of human capital, employee organization, corporate culture, leadership architecture and industrial relations. 2. Oversees human capital management within the Telkom Group and supervises the Pension Fund and Telkom Foundation (Yayasan Telkom) by implementing strategic control, coordination and foundation performance management in order to create Company value through optimizing and harmonizing relations between our Company and our subsidiaries and managing the operations of subsidiaries under the human capital management functional unit.

As of December 31, 2017, the Board of Directors consisted of eight members as listed below :

Name |  | Age |  | Date of Birth |  | Director Since |  | Position
Alex J. Sinaga |  | 56 |  | September 27, 1961 |  | 2014 |  | President Director(1)
Harry M. Zen |  | 48 |  | January 9, 1969 |  | 2016 |  | Director of Finance(2)
Mas’ud Khamid |  | 53 |  | December 12, 1964 |  | 2017 |  | Director of Consumer Service
Zulhelfi Abidin |  | 55 |  | January 1, 1962 |  | 2017 |  | Director of Network, IT & Solution
David Bangun |  | 52 |  | September 5, 1965 |  | 2017 |  | Director of Digital & Strategic Portfolio
Abdus Somad Arief |  | 54 |  | September 25, 1963 |  | 2014 |  | Director of Wholesale and International Service
Herdy Rosadi Harman |  | 54 |  | June 28, 1963 |  | 2014 |  | Director of Human Capital Management
Dian Rachmawan |  | 53 |  | May 14, 1964 |  | 2014 |  | Director of Enterprise & Business Service

| (1) |  | This position is of the same level as Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”)

| (2) |  | This position is of the same level as Chief Financial Officer (“CFO”)

Each of our Directors was a citizen and domiciled in Indonesia as of December 31, 2017. In accordance with Listing Regulation No.IA in KEP.00001/BEI/01‑2014 issued by the IDX (“IDX Regulation I-A”), the board of directors of a listed company must consist of at least one independent director. We are currently in the process of identifying an independent director.

Set forth below is a brief biography of each of our Directors:

Alex J. Sinaga assumed the role of President Director in December 2014. Currently, he also serves as President Commissioner of Telkomsel from 2014. Mr. Sinaga started his career with our Company in 1987. He has served as President Director of Telkomsel (2012-2014), President Director of Metra (2007-2012), Executive General Manager of our Enterprise Services Division (2005-2007), Executive General Manager of our Fixed Wireless Division (2002-2005), Senior Manager of Business Performance for Telkom's Regional Division II Jakarta (2002) and General Manager of Telkom West Jakarta Branch Office (2000-2002). Prior to that, Mr. Sinaga served as General Manager at the West Surabaya Branch Office (1998-1999) and Malang Branch Office (1997-1998). He is currently the Chairman of the Indonesian Cellular Telecommunication Association (ATSI) and is an executive member of the Indonesia Chamber of Commerce (KADIN) for England and Europe for the information, communication and technology sector. Mr. Sinaga holds a master degree in telematics from the University of Surrey, England and a bachelor degree in electrical engineering from the Bandung Institute of Technology.

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Harry M. Zen assumed the role of Director of Finance in April 2016. Currently, he also serves as President Commissioner of Telkom Property from 2016 and as a commissioner of Telkomsel from 2016. Prior to his appointment as our Director, Mr. Zen served as President Director of PT Credit Suisse Securities Indonesia (2008-2015), Director of Barclays Capital (2007-2008) and co-head of investment banking at PT Bahana Securities (2001-2007). Mr. Zen holds an MBA in corporate finance and financial institutions and markets from the State University of New York at Buffalo and a bachelor degree in metallurgical engineering from the University of Indonesia.

Mas’ud Khamid assumed the role of Director of Consumer Service of Telkom in April 2017. Currently, he also serves as President Commissioner of Telkom Akses. Mr. Khamid previously served as Chief of Commissioner of Telkom Sigma (2015-2017), Commissioner of PINS (2012-2014), Executive General Manager of Telkom Flexi (2011-2012), Commissioner of Metra Digital Media (2011-2012), Executive General Manager of Telkom West Area (2010-2011), Executive General Manager of Regional Jakarta Division (2008-2010) and Executive General Manager of East Java Division (2007-2008). Mr. Khamid has a bachelor's degree in engineering physics from Sepuluh November Institute of Technology. Mr. Khamid hold a Senior Executive Program and Global Leadership Program from Kellogg School Management Northwestern University of Chicago and an Executive Education from Harvard Business School.

Zulhelfi Abidin assumed the role of Network and IT Solution Director of Telkom in April 2017. Currently, he also serves as President Commissioner of Telkom Infratel, a role he has held from 2017. Prior to his appointment as Director, Mr. Abidin served as Director of Bank Rakyat Indonesia (2015-2017), Senior Executive Vice President of Bank Rakyat Indonesia (2014-2015), Commissioner of Bank BRI Syariah (2012-2015) and Head of Information Systems Technology of Bank Rakyat Indonesia (2007-2014). Mr. Abidin holds a masters degree in computer science from the University of Wollongong, Australia (1996).

David Bangun assumed the role of Digital and Strategic Director of Telkom in April 2017. Currently, he also serves as President Commissioner for both MDI and Metranet since 2017. Mr. Bangun previously served as President Director of Dayamitra (2014-2017), Executive General Manager for Broadband Network at Telkom (2013-2014), Commissioner of Telin (2011-2014), Executive General Manager of Infratel (2011-2013), Vice President Infrastructure and Service Planning (2009-2011) and Assistant Vice President Investment Analysis (2007-2009). Mr. Bangun has a bachelor's degree in electrical engineering from Bandung University (1989) and a masters degree in engineering from Cornell University (1999).

Abdus Somad Arief assumed the role of Director of Wholesale and International Service in April 2017. Currently, he also serves as President Commissioner of Telin from 2017. Mr. Arief started his career with our Company in 1992. He has served as President Commissioner of Telkom Infratel (2015-2017), Commissioner of Telkom Telstra (2015-2017), Commissioner of Telkom Sigma (2015), Commissioner of Telkomsel (2015), Director of Network and IT Solution (2014-2017), Director of Network at Telkomsel (2012-2014), Commissioner of Dayamitra (2012-2014) and Executive General Manager for our Enterprise Services Division (2009-2012), Vice-President of Business Development for our Enterprise and Wholesale Directorate (2008-2009) and Deputy Executive General Manager of our Enterprise Services Division (2007-2008). In addition, Mr. Arief has served as President Commissioner of PT Pramindo Ikat Nusantara (which has changed its name to PINS) (2011-2012) and as a Commissioner of PT Infomedia Nusantara (2010-2011). Mr. Arief holds a master degree in information and technology systems and a bachelor degree in electrical engineering from the Bandung Institute of Technology.

Herdy Rosadi Harman assumed the role of Director of Human Capital Management in December 2014. Currently, he also serves as Commissioner of Telkom Property from 2015 and as the President Commissioner of Infomedia from 2016. Mr. Harman started his career with our Company in 1987. Prior to his appointment as our Director, Mr. Harman served as Director of Human Capital Management at Telkomsel (2012-2014), Vice-President of Regulatory Management at our Company (2007-2012) and Vice-President of Legal & Compliance at our Company (2006-2007). He has also served as our Company's General Manager for Management Support (2004-2006). Mr. Harman holds a Master of Laws from Washington College of Law, at the American University, Washington D.C., an MBA from the Asian Institute of Management, Philippines, and the Bandung Institute of Management (now known as Telkom University) and a bachelor of law degree from the University of Padjadjaran, Bandung.

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Dian Rachmawan assumed the role of Director of Enterprise and Business Service in April 2017. Currently, he also serves as President Commissioner of Telkom Telstra from May 2017. Mr. Rachmawan started his career with our Company in 1989. He has served as Director of Consumer Services (2014-2017), CEO of Telin Hong Kong (2011-2014), Director of Network Operation & Engineering Business & Partnership Development at Telin (2007-2011) and Executive General Manager for Fixed Wireless Network Division at our Company (2005-2007). Previously, Mr. Rachmawan served as our Company's General Manager for South Jakarta Branch Office (2004-2005), General Manager for Interconnection & Partnership for Regional Division II Jakarta (2001-2004) and Assistant Vice President for Interconnection Planning at our headquarters (2000-2001). Mr. Rachmawan holds a master degree in telecommunications engineering and a master of science in communication and real time systems from Bradford University, England and a bachelor degree in electronic and telecommunication engineering from Surabaya Institute of Technology.

Other than as provided for under our Articles of Association, none of our Commissioners or Directors has any arrangement or understanding with any major shareholder, customer, supplier or with us pursuant to which such person was selected as a Commissioner or Director, nor are any such arrangements, understanding or contracts proposed or under consideration. There is no family relationship between or among any of the Commissioners or Directors listed above. The business address of our Commissioners and Directors is Jl. Jend. Gatot Subroto Kav.52 Jakarta - 12710, Indonesia.

B. COMPENSATION

Compensation of Commissioners and Directors

Compensation of Commissioners and Directors are determined by the shareholders at the GMS, who grant authority and authorization to the Board of Commissioners, with prior approval from the holder of the Dwiwarna Share, to decide on the amount of tantiem which will be given to the members of Board of Director and Board of Commissioners for the 2017 financial year and also as to the amount of the salary or honorarium, including facilities and allowances for the members of Board of Directors and Board of Commissioners for the 2017 financial year. The Nomination and Remuneration Committee is responsible for formulating the honorarium of our Commissioners and Directors, which is further discussed in a joint meeting of our Board of Directors and Board of Commissioners for approval.

Each Commissioner is entitled to monthly remuneration and benefits. They are also entitled to bonuses based on our business performance and achievements.

Each Director is entitled to a remuneration consisting of a monthly salary and other allowances. Directors also receive an annual bonus based on our business performance and achievements. The bonus and incentive are budgeted every year based on a formula prepared by the Nomination and Remuneration Committee and confirmation from the Board of Commissioners before being considered by shareholders at the GMS.

In accordance with regulations relating to SOEs in Indonesia, all of our Commissioners and Directors are entitled to post-employment benefits, including an insurance scheme into which we are required to contribute up to 25% of the salary of our Commissioners and Directors. There are no service contracts providing for benefits to be provided for our Directors or Commissioners upon their termination as Directors or Commissioners. We also provide our Commissioners and Directors with long-term incentives in the form of shares or for our Independent Commissioners in the form of cash.

We budgeted incentives for the current year but will be distribute such incentives in the following year after the publication of our audited financial statements and having the approval in a GMS. We only distribute cash incentives if we achieve certain performance targets.

For 2017, the total remuneration paid to the entire Board of Commissioners was Rp76.3 billion. Taxes from remuneration borne by our Company amounted to Rp4.9 billion. The table below sets forth the remuneration that our Commissioners received in 2017:

|  |  |  | Tantiem, THR(1), Long- |  |
|  |  |  | term Incentives and |  |
|  | Honorarium and |  | Post-employment |  |

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Board of Commissioners |  | Allowance |  | Benefit |  | Total
|  | (Rp million)
Hendri Saparini |  | 1,326 |  | 10,518 |  | 11,844
Rinaldi Firmansyah |  | 1,194 |  | 9,408 |  | 10,602
Hadiyanto |  | 1,194 |  | 9,464 |  | 10,658
Margiyono Darsasumarja |  | 1,194 |  | 9,408 |  | 10,602
Dolfie Othniel Fredric Palit |  | 1,194 |  | 9,466 |  | 10,660
Pamijati Pamela Johanna Waluyo |  | 1,194 |  | 9,408 |  | 10,602
Cahyana Ahmadjayadi(3) |  | 820 |  | 311 |  | 1,131
Devy W. Suradji(2) |  | 820 |  | 311 |  | 1,131
Pontas Tambunan(4) |  | 311 |  | 6,288 |  | 6,599
Parikesit Suprapto(5) |  | — |  | 2,564 |  | 2,564

Note

| (1) |  | “THR” refers to tunjangan hari raya or religious holiday allowance.

| (2) |  | Since the AGMS on April 21, 2017 up to December 22, 2017.

| (3) |  | Since the AGMS on April 21, 2017.

| (4) |  | Up to AGMS on April 22, 2017.

| (5) |  | Up to AGMS on April 22, 2016.

For 2017, the total remuneration of the entire Board of Directors was Rp159.2 billion. Taxes from remuneration borne by our Company amounted to Rp10.5 billion.The table below sets forth the remunerations that our Directors received in 2017:

Board of Directors |  | Honorarium |  | Tantiem and THR(1) |  | Allowance |  | Total
|  | (Rp million)
Alex J. Sinaga |  | 2,880 |  | 19,475 |  | 300 |  | 22,655
Harry M. Zen |  | 2,592 |  | 12,183 |  | 300 |  | 15,075
Mas'ud Khamid(2) |  | 1,791 |  | 216 |  | 208 |  | 2,215
Zulhelfi Abidin(2) |  | 1,800 |  | 216 |  | 208 |  | 2,224
David Bangun(2) |  | 1,765 |  | 216 |  | 208 |  | 2,189
Abdus Somad Arief |  | 2,592 |  | 17,527 |  | 300 |  | 20,419
Herdy Rosadi Harman |  | 2,592 |  | 17,527 |  | 300 |  | 20,419
Dian Rachmawan |  | 2,592 |  | 17,527 |  | 300 |  | 20,419
Indra Utoyo(3) |  | 648 |  | 17,311 |  | 75 |  | 18,034
Honesti Basyir(4) |  | 864 |  | 17,311 |  | 100 |  | 18,275
Muhammad Awaluddin(5) |  | — |  | 11,919 |  | — |  | 11,919
Heri Sunaryadi(6) |  | — |  | 5,345 |  | — |  | 5,345

Note

| (1) |  | “THR” refers to tunjangan hari raya or religious holiday allowance.

| (2) |  | Since the AGMS on April 21, 2017.

| (3) |  | Up to March 15, 2017.

| (4) |  | Up to April 20, 2017.

| (5) |  | Up to September 9, 2016

| (6) |  | Up to the AGMS on April 22, 2016

The total accrued remuneration of Board of Commissioners and Directors for 2017 was Rp223 billion, consisting of tantiem.

C. BOARD PRACTICES

Our Board of Commissioners acts as our overall supervisory and monitoring body with principal functions including planning and development, operations and budgeting in compliance with our Articles of Association, and to carry out the mandate and resolutions of the AGMS and EGMS. The Board of Commissioners does not have the authority to run or manage our Company, except in the exceptional situation when all members of the Board of Directors are suspended for any reason. The Board of Commissioners provides advice and opinions to the AGMS with respect to financial reporting, business development, appointment of auditors, and other important and strategic matters related to

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corporate actions. The Board of Commissioners also reviews our work plan and budget, keeps abreast of our progress, and in case our Company gives an indication of any decline in the growth of our business immediately requests the Board of Directors to notify the shareholders and provides recommendations on measures for mitigation. Finally, the Board of Commissioners ensures that our corporate governance program is properly applied and maintained in accordance with the applicable regulations.

The Board of Commissioners is obliged to carry out its duties and responsibilities in accordance with our Articles of Association, decisions made during any AGMS and EGMS and applicable laws and regulations.

The Board of Commissioners is assisted by a Board of Commissioners Secretary as well as the Audit Committee, the Nomination and Remuneration Committee and the Planning and Risk Evaluation and Monitoring Committee. As necessary, the Board of Commissioners may seek assistance from professional advisors.

Meetings of the Board of Commissioners are held at least once every two months. The Board of Commissioners must hold joint meetings with the Board of Directors at least once every four months. Decisions at Board of Commissioners meetings are taken through a process of deliberation and consensus. If consensus cannot be reached, decisions are based on a majority vote of the Commissioners in attendance or who are represented at the meeting. The quorum for all Board of Commissioners meetings requires attendance in person, through video conference, or by proxy granted to another Commissioner, of Commissioners representing more than one-half of the total number of Commissioners.

The Board of Directors is generally responsible for managing our business in accordance with applicable laws, our Articles of Association and the policies and directives issued by the GMS and the Board of Commissioners. The Board of Directors also has the right to act for and on our behalf, inside or outside a court of law, on any matter and for any event, with another party.

Meetings of the Board of Directors are held at least once a month and may be convened at any time deemed necessary or at the request of one or more members of the Board of Directors, or at the request of the Board of Commissioners.

Meetings of the Board of Directors are chaired by the President Director. In the event that the President Director is unavailable or absent for any reason, the meeting will be chaired by the Vice President Director. If the Vice President Director is unavailable, the meeting will be chaired by any Director appointed by the President Director.

Decisions at Board of Directors meetings are taken through a process of deliberation and consensus. If consensus cannot be reached, decisions are based on a majority vote of the Directors in attendance at the meeting. In the event of a tie, the proposed resolution will be decided by a Director who chairs such Board of Directors meeting. The quorum for all Board of Directors meeting requires attendance in person, or through video conference or by proxy granted to another Director, of Directors representing more than one-half of the total number of Directors. Each Director who is present at a Board of Directors meeting is entitled to cast one vote (and one vote for each other Director represented by proxy).

Individual Directors are charged with specific responsibilities. For more detailed information regarding the functions and authority of each of our Directors, see "— Directors and Senior Management — Board of Directors".

Audit Committee

The Audit Committee operates under the authority of the Audit Committee Charter, which was adopted under a Decree of the Board of Commissioners No.07/KEP/DK/2013 dated July 23, 2013 in relation to the Charter of the Telkom Group Audit Committee. The Audit Committee Charter is regularly evaluated and, if necessary, amended to ensure compliance with OJK and SEC requirements and other relevant regulations. In 2017, no changes were made to regulations related to our Audit Committee that would require us to amend our Audit Committee Charter.

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The Audit Committee Charter outlines the Audit Committee’s purpose, function and responsibilities. It provides that the Audit Committee is responsible for, among others:

| · |  | assisting the Board of Commissioners with the appointment of independing auditors;

| · |  | conducting oversight of the integrated audit process;

| · |  | providing an independent opinion in the event of differences of opinion between our management and independent auditors;

| · |  | approving non-audit services to be performed by our independent auditors;

| · |  | reviewing our consolidated financial statements and the effectiveness of internal controls over financial reporting (ICOFR);

| · |  | monitoring the effectiveness of our internal audit;

| · |  | convening regular meetings with internal and external auditors, without the presence of management, to discuss the results of their evaluation and audit of our internal controls as well as the overall quality of our financial reporting;

| · |  | monitoring compliance with laws and regulations relating to our business;

| · |  | monitoring the effectiveness of management;

| · |  | monitoring the steps taken by Directors to follow up on the findings of our internal auditors; and

| · |  | carrying out additional tasks that are assigned by the Board of Commissioners, especially on financial and accounting related matters as well as other obligations required by the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

The Audit Committee may engage an independent consultant or other professional advisors to assist in carrying out its functions. In addition, the Audit Committee receives and handles complaints.

Audit Committee Independence

OJK Rule No.55/POJK.04/2015 on Establishment and Code of Conduct for Audit Committees (the "OJK Audit Committee Regulation") and IDX Regulation No.1-A require the board of commissioners of a public company which is listed on the IDX (such as our Company) to establish an audit committee which is chaired by an independent commissioner. In addition, the OJK Audit Committee Regulation requires each member of such audit committee to be either an independent commissioner or external independent member, with the audit committee comprised of at least three members with at least one independent commissioner presiding over the audit committee as chairman and one external independent member and at least one member of the audit committee having expertise in accounting or finance. We also require at least one external independent member to have expert knowledge (in the context of Item 16A of Form 20-F) in the field of accounting or finance.

In order to be considered independent under the prevailing Indonesian rules, the members of the audit committee may not:

| · |  | be an executive officer of a public accountant firm that has provided audit or non-audit services to us within the six months prior to his or her appointment as an audit committee member;

| · |  | have been our executive officer within the six months prior to his or her appointment as an audit committee member;

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| · |  | be affiliated with our majority shareholder;

| · |  | have a family relationship with any member of the board of commissioners or board of directors;

| · |  | own, directly or indirectly, any of our shares; and

| · |  | have any business relationship that relates to our businesses.

Currently, the Audit Committee consists of six members: (i) Margiyono Darsasumarja (Independent Commissioner and Chairman of the Audit Committee); (ii) Tjatur Purwadi (Secretary of the Audit Committee and External Independent Member); (iii) Rinaldi Firmansyah (Commissioner/Non-Voting Member); (iv) Dolfie Othniel Fredric Palit (Independent Commissioner)); (v) Cahyana Ahmadjayadi (Independent Commissioner)); and (vi) Sarimin Mietra Sardi (External Independent Member).

Audit Committee Financial Expert

See Item 16A “Audit Committee Financial Expert”.

Exemption From U.S. Listing Standards For Audit Committees

See Item 16D “Exemptions from the Listing Standards for Audit Committees”.

Nomination and Remuneration Committee

Our Nomination and Remuneration Committee was formed pursuant to Board of Commissioner’s decree No.7/KEP/DK/2017 dated May 8, 2017 regarding the Establishment of the Nomination and Remuneration Committee.

The objective of the Nomination and Remuneration Committee is to establish, administer and enforce corporate governance principles in the process of nomination for strategic management positions and the determination of the Board of Directors’ remuneration. The duties of the Nomination and Remuneration Committee include the following:

| · |  | to prepare the policy and selection criteria for strategic titles within the Company; namely those one title below the Director and Executive level for our consolidated subsidiaries, with reference to the principles of good corporate governance.

| · |  | to assist the Board of Commissioners who are engaged with the Directors in selecting candidates for strategic positions in our Company i.e. positions which are one level under the directorships of our Company and directors and commissioners of any consolidated subsidiary.

| · |  | to give recommendations to the Board of Commissioners to be conveyed to the holder of series A Dwiwarna shares regarding:

| o |  | the composition of the Board of Directors.

| o |  | succession planning for the Board of Directors.

| o |  | assessment of the development of capability of members of the Board of Directors based on the parameters that have been prepared as evaluation material.

| · |  | provide recommendations to the Board of Commissioners to be submitted to the General Meeting of Shareholders through the holder of the series A Dwiwarna share concerning the policies, amount and / or structure for the remuneration of the Board of Directors and Board of Commissioners.

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| · |  | determine remuneration of Directors and Board of Commissioners in the form of fixed salary or honorarium, allowances and facilities and variable incentives.

| · |  | review the employment contract and/or performance statement of each member of the Board of Directors.

Currently, the members of our Nomination and Remuneration Committee are Hadiyanto (Commissioner and Chairman of the Nomination and Remuneration Committee), Dolfie Othniel Fredric Palit (Independent Commissioner), Margiyono Darsasumarja (Independent Commissioner), Pamijati Pamela Johanna Waluyo (Independent Commissioner), Cahyana Ahmadjayadi (Independent Commissioner), and Sri Hartati Rahayu (External Independent Member). To maintain independence in the execution of their tasks, members of the Nomination and Remuneration Committee have no relationship, either directly or indirectly, with us.

D. EMPLOYEES

We had a total of 24,065 employees as of December 31, 2017, consisting of 13,956 Telkom employees and 10,109 employees of our subsidiaries.

As of December 31, 2017, we had 655 senior management employees, compared with 620 senior management employees as of December 31, 2016. Total middle management employees increased from 5,290 employees as of December 31, 2016 to 5,585 employees as of December 31, 2017. Supervisor level employees decreased from 12,044 employees as of December 31, 2016 to 11,547 employees as of December 31, 2017. Other employees increased from 5,922 employees as of December 31, 2016 to 6,278 employees as of December 31, 2017. We did not employ a significant number of temporary employees in 2017. The following table shows our employee profile by position.

|  | As of December 31, 2017
Position |  | Telkom |  | Subsidiaries |  | Telkom Group |  | Percentage (%)
Senior Management |  | 205 |  | 450 |  | 655 |  | 2.7
Middle Management |  | 3,950 |  | 1,635 |  | 5,585 |  | 23.2
Supervisors |  | 8,294 |  | 3,253 |  | 11,547 |  | 48.0
Others |  | 1,507 |  | 4,771 |  | 6,278 |  | 26.1
Total |  | 13,956 |  | 10,109 |  | 24,065 |  | 100.0

Our employee profile based on educational background as of December 31, 2017 was dominated by university graduates which accounted for 54.1% of our total employees. This reflects our focus to recruit highly educated candidates with the right qualifications to support our growth. The following table shows our employee profile by educational background.

|  | As of December 31, 2017
Level of Education |  | Telkom |  | Subsidiaries |  | Telkom Group |  | Percentage (%)
Pre University |  | 3,201 |  | 876 |  | 4,077 |  | 16.9
Diploma Graduates |  | 2,776 |  | 1,452 |  | 4,228 |  | 17.6
University Graduates |  | 6,030 |  | 6,987 |  | 13,017 |  | 54.1
Post Graduates |  | 1,949 |  | 794 |  | 2,743 |  | 11.4
Total |  | 13,956 |  | 10,109 |  | 24,065 |  | 100.0

As of December 31, 2017, 23,985 of our employees were located in Indonesia and 80 of our employees were located outside of Indonesia.

Retirement Program

The retirement age for all our employees is 56 years. We have two pension schemes: (a) Defined Benefit Pension Plan (“DBPP”), which is applicable to permanent employees who were permanent prior to July 1, 2002 (other than our

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Directors) and (b) Defined Contribution Pension Plan (“DCPP”) which is applicable to permanent employees (other than our Directors) who were permanent on or after July 1, 2002.

a. Defined Benefit Pension Plan

DBPP is calculated for participants based on years of service, salary level at retirement and is transferable to dependent families if the respective employee passes away. Telkom Pension Fund administers the program while the main source of pension fund comes from us and employee contributions. Employees participate in the program with 18% of their basic salary (before March 2003, the employee contribution rate was 8.4%) while we contribute the remaining balance. The minimum monthly pension benefit for retired employees is approximately Rp600,000 per month, or minimum Rp450,000 per month for spouses of the retired employees. We did not make any contribution to the DBPP pension fund for 2015, 2016 and 2017.

Telkomsel operates its own DBPP for its employees. With this program, employees are entitled to retirement benefits calculated based on their latest basic salary or take-home pay and years of services. PT Asuransi Jiwasraya (Persero) manages this program under annuity insurance contracts. Up to 2004, employees would contribute 5% of their monthly basic salaries to the program, while Telkomsel would contribute the remaining balance. Since 2005, Telkomsel has contributed the entire amount to the program, which totaled Rp192 billion, Rp83 billion and Rp131 billion for 2015, 2016 and 2017, respectively.

b. Defined Contribution Pension Plan

We operate a DCPP for permanent employees other than Directors who were permanent on or after July 1, 2002. DCPP is managed by several appointed financial institutions pension fund from which employees can choose. Our contribution to the financial institutions pension fund is determined by the portion taken from participating employee’s basic salary, which totaled Rp7 billion, Rp9 billion and Rp10 billion, for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017, respectively.

Management of Employee Relations

Pursuant to Law No.13/2003 regarding Manpower and Law No.21/2000 regarding Employee Union/Labor Union., our employees established SEKAR (Serikat Karyawan). As of December 31, 2017, SEKAR represented a total of 11,346 employees or 81.3% of our total workforce (excluding the employees of our subsidiaries).

Pursuant to Law No.13/2003 regarding Manpower and Regulation of the Minister of Manpower and Transmigration No.28/2014 concerning Procedure for Drafting and Ratifying Corporate Regulation also Drafting and Registering Collective Work Agreement, SEKAR is entitled to represent employees in the negotiation of collective work agreements with our management. Our Company and SEKAR entered into a seventh collective work agreement dated January 19, 2018 (the "Seventh CWA"). The Seventh CWA is in effect for a period of two years.

The employees of Telkomsel, PT Infomedia Nusantara, Metra Digital Media and Graha Sarana Duta have also established employees’ unions. Telkomsel employees’ union (Serikat Pekerja Telkomsel or SEPAKAT) represented a total of 4,306 employees or 81.37% of Telkomsel’s total employees. Infomedia Nusantara employees’ union (Serikat Pekerja Infomedia Nusantara or SPIN) represented a total of 202 employees or 95.73% of Infomedia Nusantara’s total employees. In other hand, Metra Digital Media and Graha Sarana Duta’s employees’ union (Serikat Pekerja Metra Digital or SPMD and Serikat Pekerja Graha Sarana Duta or SEJAGAD) respectively represented a total of 132 employees (52.17%) and 475 employees (52.72%) of each subsidiaries total employees. Neither Telkom nor Telkom Group subsidiaries had experienced material labor action.

E. SHARE OWNERSHIP

As of February 28, 2018, none of our Commissioners, Directors or Senior Managers beneficially owned more than 1.0% of our outstanding shares of common stock. For information regarding share ownership of our Commissioners,

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Directors and Senior Management, see Item 7 “Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions — Major Shareholders.”

Employee Stock Ownership Program

The Employee Stock Ownership Program (“ESOP”) is an employee-owner scheme that provides our employee with an ownership interest in our Company. At our initial public offering on November 14, 1995, a total of 116,666,475 shares were issued to 43,218 employees. On June 14, 2013, we transferred a portion of our treasury stock to our employees as part of the 2012 annual incentives. On such date, 59,811,400 (equal to 299,057,000 shares after stock split) shares of common stock were transferred to 24,993 employees with a total fair value of Rp661 billion. As of March 21, 2016, 110,256,210 of our shares were owned by 14,373 of our employees and our retirees. From 2014 through 2017, we did not exercise any ESOP. We also provide our Commissioners (except for Independent Commissioners) and Directors with long-term incentives in the form of shares. See “Compensation — Compensation of Commissioners and Directors”.

Stock Split and Depositary Receipt Ratio

At our GMS on April 19, 2013, a stock split with a ratio of 1:5 was approved by our shareholders. New shares of common stock were deposited into shareholders accounts on September 2, 2013 as part of the stock split. In connection with our stock split, effective September 3, 2013, we changed the ratio of our ADSs from one ADS representing 40 shares of common stock, par value Rp250 per share, to one ADS representing 200 shares of common stock, par value Rp50 per share.

On October 26, 2016, we changed the ratio of our ADSs from one ADS representing 200 shares of common stock, par value Rp50 per share, to one ADS representing 100 shares of common stock, par value Rp50 per share.

ITEM 7. MAJOR SHAREHOLDERS AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

A. MAJOR SHAREHOLDERS

Shareholder Composition

Our authorized capital consists of one Dwiwarna Share, and 399,999,999,999 shares of common stock. Our authorized shares, 100,799,996,400 of which are issued and fully paid, consists of one Dwiwarna Share and 100,799,996,399 shares of common stock. The Dwiwarna Share is owned by the Government and carries special voting rights, the right to nominate, and to veto the appointment and removal of, any director or commissioner, the issue of new shares and amendments to our Articles of Association including amendments to merge or dissolve us, to increase or decrease our authorized capital or to reduce our subscribed capital. The material rights and restrictions applicable to the common stock also apply to the Dwiwarna Share, except that the Government cannot transfer the Dwiwarna Share. The Government’s ownership of the Dwiwarna Share gives it effective control over our Company even if it reduces its ownership of our common stock, and its rights with respect to the Dwiwarna Share may only be modified by an amendment of our Articles of Association, which the Government may veto.

The table below sets forth the composition of our shareholders as of February 28, 2018.

|  |  |  |  |  | Percentage
|  | Dwiwarna |  |  |  | of
|  | Share |  | Common Stock |  | Ownership
Government |  | 1 |  | 51,602,353,559 |  | 52.09
Public |  |  |  | 47,459,863,040 |  | 47.91
Subtotal (Capital issued and outstanding) |  | 1 |  | 99,062,216,599 |  | 100
Treasury Stock |  |  |  | 1,737,779,800 |  | 0
Total |  | 1 |  | 100,799,996,399 |  | 100

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Shareholders Owning More Than 5% of Shares (Major Shareholder)

The table below sets forth the shareholding of our major shareholder which own more than 5% of our shares as of February 28, 2018.

Title of Class |  | Person or Group |  | Number of Shares |  | Percentage of Ownership
Dwiwarna Share |  | Government |  | 1 |  | 0.00
Common Stock |  | Government |  | 51,602,353,559 |  | 52.09

The percentage of shares held by the Government was, 52.60%, 52.09% and 52.09% as of February 28, 2016, 2017 and 2018, respectively.

Shares Owned by Commissioners and Directors

The table below sets forth information regarding persons known to us to own more than 5% of each class of our shares (whether directly or beneficially through the ADSs) as of February 28, 2018. No other persons own 5% or more of our shares of common stock.

|  | Number of |  | Percentage of
Commissioners or Directors |  | Shares |  | Ownership
Commissioners |  |  |  |
Hadiyanto |  | 875,297 |  | <0.01
Hendri Saparini |  | 414,157 |  | <0.01
Rinaldi Firmansyah |  | 217,400 |  | <0.01
Directors |  |  |  |
Alex J. Sinaga |  | 920,349 |  | <0.01
Dian Rachmawan |  | 888,854 |  | <0.01
Abdus Somad Arief |  | 828,314 |  | <0.01
Herdy Rosadi Harman |  | 828,012 |  | <0.01
David Bangun |  | 800 |  | <0.01
Total |  | 4,973,183 |  | <0.01

Shareholders Owning Less Than 5% of Shares

The table below sets forth the shareholding of our shareholders which owned less than 5% of our shares of common stock as of February 28, 2018.

|  | Number of |  |
|  | Shares of |  |
|  | Common Stock |  | Percentage of
Group |  | Owned |  | Ownership
Foreign |  |  |  |
Business Entities |  | 37,002,982,642 |  | 37.35
Individuals |  | 20,284,337 |  | 0.02
Local |  |  |  |
Business Entities |  |  |  |
Companies |  | 3,539,407,863 |  | 3.57
Insurance Companies |  | 3,235,749,550 |  | 3.27
Mutual Funds |  | 2,185,470,941 |  | 2.21
Pension Funds |  | 567,698,300 |  | 0.57
Others Business Entities |  | 98,976,950 |  | 0.10
Individuals |  | 809,292,457 |  | 0.82
Total |  | 47,459,863,040 |  | 47.91

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Relationship with the Government and Government Agencies

Our relationship with the Government is multi-faceted. The Government is our majority and controlling shareholder. It is also our regulator as it adopts, administers and enforces relevant laws that regulate the telecommunications sector, sets tariffs and issues licenses. It is also one of our customers and one of our lenders.

As used in this section, the term “Government” includes the Government of Indonesia and its ministries, directly-owned government departments and agencies, but excludes SOEs.

The Government as Shareholder

The Government is our majority and controlling shareholder and owned 52.09% of our issued and outstanding common stock as of February 28, 2018. Its ownership of the Dwiwarna Share gives it special voting and veto rights. Under the relevant laws, the “ownership” of our common stock and the single outstanding Dwiwarna Share is vested in the Ministry of Finance. In turn, and under the authority of the Ministry of Finance, the MSOE exercises the rights vested in these securities as our “controlling shareholder.”

As our majority shareholder and controlling shareholder, the Government has an interest in our performance, both in terms of the service we provide to the nation and our ability to operate on a commercial basis. The material rights and restrictions that apply to our common stock also apply to the Dwiwarna Share, except that the Government may not transfer the Dwiwarna Share, and has right of veto with regard to: (1) the nomination, appointment and removal of our Directors; (2) the nomination, appointment and removal of our Commissioners; (3) the issuance of new shares and (4) any amendments to our Articles of Association, including with respect to actions to merge or dissolve our Company, increase or reduce our authorized capital, or reduce our subscribed capital.

Accordingly, the Government effectively has control over these matters even if it owns less than a majority share of the outstanding shares of common stock. The Government’s rights with respect to the Dwiwarna Share will not expire unless there is a change that requires the amendment of our Articles of Association, which would require the consent of the Government as the holder of the Dwiwarna Share.

The Government as Regulator

The Government regulates the telecommunications sector through the MoCI. The MoCI has the authority to issue regulations that implement laws, which are typically broad in scope. Through such decrees the MoCI defines the structure of the industry, determines tariff formulas, establishes our USO, and otherwise controls many factors that could influence our competitive position, operations and financial position. Through the DGPT, the MoCI regulates the allocation of frequencies and sets numbers for fixed telephone lines. We are required to obtain a license from the DGPT for each type of service offered, including licenses for the frequencies we use (as allocated by the MoCI). We and other operators are required to pay frequency usage fees. Telkomsel also holds licenses issued by the MoCI (some of which were previously issued by the Minister of Communications) for the provision of cellular services, and from the Indonesian Investment Coordinating Board in relation to Telkomsel’s investments for the development of cellular phone services with national coverage, including the expansion of network coverage. The Government, through the MoCI as regulator, has the authority to issue new licenses for the establishment of new joint ventures and other new arrangements, particularly in telecommunications.

Certain licenses require us to pay a concession fee to operate. We pay concession fees for telecommunications services provided and radio frequency usage charges to the MoCI. Concession fees amounted to Rp1,757 billion in 2016 and Rp1,883 billion (US$139 million) in 2017. Concession fees as a percentage of total expenses amounted to 2.3% in 2016 and 2.2% in 2017. Radio frequency usage charges amounted to Rp3,687 billion in 2016 and Rp4,276 billion (US$315.2 million) in 2017. Radio frequency usage charges as a percentage of total expenses amounted to 4.7% in 2016 and 5.0 % in 2017. USO charges to the MoCI amounted to Rp460 billion in 2016 and Rp366 billion (US$27 million) in 2017. USO charges as a percentage of our total expenses amounted to 0.6% in 2016 and 0.4% in 2017.

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The Government as Lender

In July 1994, the Government arranged a facility under which certain foreign institutions provided us with a two-step loan for certain expenditures (the “sub-loan borrowings”). The sub-loan borrowings were made through the Government and are guaranteed by it. As of December 31, 2017, we had a total of Rp1,098 billion (US$80.9 million), in such outstanding two-step loans, including current maturities. We are required to pay the Government interest and repay the principal, which the Government then remits to the respective lenders. As of December 31, 2017, 80.6% of such sub-loan borrowings were denominated in foreign currencies, with the remaining 19.4% denominated in Rupiah. In 2017, the annual interest rates charged 8.25% on loans repayable in Rupiah, 3.85% on those denominated in U.S. Dollar and 2.95% on those denominated in Japanese Yen.

The Government as Customer

Certain Government departments and agencies purchase services from us as direct customers, the terms of which are negotiated on a commercial basis. No services are provided for free or on an in-kind basis. We deal with these departments and agencies as separate customers. In 2017, the amount of revenues from Government departments and agencies was Rp2,848 billion, which accounted for 2.22% of our consolidated revenues and did not constitute a material part of our revenues. The Government departments and agencies are treated for tariff purposes with respect to connection charges and monthly charges as “residential”, which tariffs are lower than the business service rates. This does not apply to the tariffs for local, long distance and IDD calls. In addition, we provide enterprise digital services and solutions to SOEs, including ATM switching, payment gateway and e-Commerce platform services.

It is our policy not to enter into any transactions with affiliates unless the terms are no less favorable to us than they would be with a third party. The MSOE has advised us that it would not cause us to enter into transactions with other entities under its control unless the terms were consistent with our policy as referred to above.

Pursuant to OJK regulations, because we are listed on the IDX, any transaction where there is an inherent conflict of interest (as defined below) with another IDX-listed company must be approved by a majority of the holders of our shares of common stock who do not have a conflict of interest in the proposed transaction, unless such conflict of interest existed before listing and was fully disclosed in the offering documents.

OJK regulations define a conflict of interest as a conflict between our economic interests and the shareholders’ interests on the one hand and, on the other, the personal economic interests of members of the Board of Commissioners, Board of Directors or other principal shareholders (defined as a holder of 20% or more of our shares of common stock) or their affiliates, either jointly or individually. A conflict of interest also exists if a member of the Board of Commissioners or Board of Directors or a principal shareholder or their respective affiliates is involved in a transaction in which its personal interests may be in conflict with ours. The OJK has the authority to enforce these rules regarding conflicts of interest and holders of our shares of common stock are also entitled to bring a suit to enforce these.

Under OJK regulations, transactions between us and other state-owned or state-controlled enterprises may cause a conflict of interest. In such cases, the approval of the disinterested shareholders must be obtained if a conflict of interest arises. We believe that many transactions conducted with state-owned or state-controlled enterprises are on an arms-length, commercial basis and do not constitute conflict of interest transactions that would require an independent shareholders vote. Such transactions include our sale of telephone services to state-owned or state-controlled enterprises and our purchase of electricity from an SOE. We expect that from time to time, in connection with the development and growth of our business we would enter into joint ventures, agreements or transactions with such enterprises. Under such circumstances, we may consult with the OJK to determine whether a proposed joint venture, agreement or transaction would require a vote of independent shareholders under OJK rules. If the OJK is of the view that such transaction would not require such a vote, we would proceed without seeking the independent shareholders’ approval. Otherwise, we would seek the requisite approval or abandon the proposed action.

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Proportion of Common Stock Held in Indonesia and Abroad

As of February 28, 2018, we had 60,864 holders of shares of common stock (including the Government). This total includes 37,146,996,779 shares of common stock held by 2,235 holders of common stock located outside Indonesia. As of the same date, there were 91 ADS shareholders who owned 76,327,568 ADSs.

Change in Control

As of the date of this Annual Report, we are not aware of any plans or developments that could result in a change of control over us, including changes that are still at the planning stage.

B. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

We are party to certain agreements and engage in transactions with certain parties that are related to us, such as cooperatives and foundations. Such parties include the Government and entities related to or owned or controlled by the Government, such as other SOEs. For further details on our related party transactions, see Note 31 to our Consolidated Financial Statements.

C. INTEREST OF EXPERTS AND COUNSEL

Not applicable.

ITEM 8. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

A. CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS AND OTHER FINANCIAL INFORMATION

See Item 18 “Financial Statements” for our audited Consolidated Financial Statements filed as part of this Form 20‑F.

MATERIAL LITIGATION

In the ordinary course of business, we have been named as defendant in various legal actions in relation with land disputes, monopolistic practice and unfair business competition and SMS cartel practices. See Note 34 to our Consolidated Financial Statements.

In 2017, there were no material legal proceedings involving our Company or any serving Commissioner or Director.

DIVIDEND POLICY

An AGMS has the authority to determine the amount of dividends we pay. Our dividend payout ratio for 2017 will be decided at the AGMS scheduled for 2018.

|  |  |  |  |  | Amount of |  | Dividend per
|  |  |  | Payout Ratio |  | Dividends |  | Share After Stock
Dividend Year |  | Date of AGMS |  | (%)(1) |  | (Rp million) |  | Split (Rp)
2012 |  | April 19, 2013 |  | 65 |  | 8,352,597 | (2) | 87.24
2013 |  | April 4, 2014 |  | 70 |  | 9,943,294 | (3) | 102.40
2014 |  | April 17, 2015 |  | 60 |  | 8,782,812 | (4) | 89.46
2015 |  | April 22, 2016 |  | 60 |  | 9,293,184 | (5) | 94.64
2016 |  | April 21, 2017 |  | 70 |  | 13,546,411 | (6) | 136.75

| (1) |  | Represents the percentage of profit attributable to owners of the parent paid to shareholders in dividends.

| (2) |  | Consists of cash dividend amounting to Rp7,067,582 million and special cash dividend amounting to Rp1,285,015 million.

| (3) |  | Consists of cash dividend amounting to Rp7,812,588 million and special cash dividend amounting to Rp2,130,706 million.

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| (4) |  | Consists of cash dividend amounting to Rp7,319,010 million and special cash dividend amounting to Rp1,463,802 million.

| (5) |  | Consists of cash dividend amounting to Rp7,744,304 million and special cash dividend amounting to Rp1,548,880 million.

| (6) |  | Consists of cash dividend amounting to Rp11,611,211 million and special cash dividend amounting to Rp1,935,200 million.

TELKOMSEL DIVIDEND

Pursuant to its AGMS on May 5, 2017, Telkomsel approved, the payment of cash dividends in the amount of Rp26,785 billion, which represented 95% of Telkomsel’s net profits in 2016. We are entitled to receive 65% of any dividends approved for payment by Telkomsel by virtue of our shareholding therein.

B. SIGNIFICANT CHANGES

See Note 38 to our Consolidated Financial Statements.

ITEM 9. THE OFFER AND LISTING

A. OFFER AND LISTING DETAILS

The table below shows the high, low, closing quoted prices, trading volume, outstanding shares and market capitalization for our common stock on the IDX during the periods indicated:

|  | Price per share of Common Stock (IDX) |  |  |  |  |  | Market
Calendar Year |  | High |  | Low |  | Closing |  | Volume |  | Outstanding shares |  | Capitalization
|  | (in Rupiah) |  | (shares) |  |  |  | (Rp billion)
2013 |  | 2,580 |  | 1,760 |  | 1,760 |  | 27,839,305,000 |  | 97,100,853,600 |  | 216,720
2014 |  | 3,010 |  | 2,060 |  | 2,060 |  | 24,035,761,600 |  | 98,175,853,600 |  | 288,792
2015 |  | 3,170 |  | 2,485 |  | 2,485 |  | 18,742,850,400 |  | 98,198,216,600 |  | 312,984
2016 |  | 4,570 |  | 3,045 |  | 3,045 |  | 23,017,915,300 |  | 99,062,216,600 |  | 401,184
First Quarter |  | 3,510 |  | 3,045 |  | 3,045 |  | 5,852,647,000 |  | 98,198,216,600 |  | 335,160
Second Quarter |  | 4,010 |  | 3,305 |  | 3,305 |  | 5,808,895,400 |  | 99,062,216,600 |  | 401,184
Third Quarter |  | 4,570 |  | 3,950 |  | 3,950 |  | 5,821,745,500 |  | 99,062,216,600 |  | 434,448
Fourth Quarter |  | 4,400 |  | 3,640 |  | 3,640 |  | 5,534,627,400 |  | 99,062,216,600 |  | 401,184
2017 |  | 4,840 |  | 3,780 |  | 4,440 |  | 21,225,443,500 |  | 99,062,216,600 |  | 447,552
First Quarter |  | 4,190 |  | 3,780 |  | 3,780 |  | 4,560,626,200 |  | 99,062,216,600 |  | 416,304
Second Quarter |  | 4,670 |  | 4,010 |  | 4,010 |  | 4,954,694,500 |  | 99,062,216,600 |  | 455,616
Third Quarter |  | 4,840 |  | 4,500 |  | 4,500 |  | 4,320,051,800 |  | 99,062,216,600 |  | 471,744
Fourth Quarter |  | 4,710 |  | 3,910 |  | 4,440 |  | 7,390,071,000 |  | 99,062,216,600 |  | 447,552
September |  | 4,750 |  | 4,610 |  | 4,610 |  | 1,389,011,400 |  | 99,062,216,600 |  | 471,744
October |  | 4,710 |  | 4,010 |  | 4,010 |  | 3,756,859,100 |  | 99,062,216,600 |  | 406,224
November |  | 4,350 |  | 3,910 |  | 4,150 |  | 2,341,006,100 |  | 99,062,216,600 |  | 418,320
December |  | 4,460 |  | 4,110 |  | 4,440 |  | 1,292,205,800 |  | 99,062,216,600 |  | 447,552
2018 |  | 4,460 |  | 3,920 |  | 4,000 |  | 5,561,255,800 |  | 99,062,216,600 |  | 403,200
January |  | 4,460 |  | 3,920 |  | 3,990 |  | 3,517,617,500 |  | 99,062,216,600 |  | 402,192
February |  | 4,080 |  | 3,920 |  | 4,000 |  | 2,043,638,300 |  | 99,062,216,600 |  | 403,200

| (1) |  | We conducted a five for one split of our common stock from a nominal value of Rp250 per share to Rp50 per share as resolved by the AGMS on April 19, 2013, effective September 2, 2013.

| (2) |  | The price per share of the common stock reflects this two splits mentioned above for all periods shown.

| (3) |  | Market capitalization is the product of the share price and issued and fully paid share which is 100,799,996,400 shares.

On the last day of trading on the IDX in 2017, which was December 29, 2017, the closing price for our common stock was Rp4,440 per share.

The table below shows the high, low and closing quoted prices and trading volume for our ADSs on the NYSE during the periods indicated.

|  | Price per ADS |  |

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Calendar Year |  | High |  | Low |  | Closing |  | Volume (in ADS)
|  | (in U.S. Dollars) |  |
2013 |  | 25.31 |  | 16.88 |  | 17.93 |  | 134,122,210.00
2014 |  | 24.38 |  | 16.95 |  | 22.62 |  | 104,501,896.00
2015 |  | 23.54 |  | 17.05 |  | 22.20 |  | 87,438,232.00
2016 |  | 34.65 |  | 21.22 |  | 29.16 |  | 110,532,172.00
First Quarter |  | 26.92 |  | 21.22 |  | 25.43 |  | 24,848,124.00
Second Quarter |  | 30.96 |  | 25.06 |  | 30.73 |  | 31,010,592.00
Third Quarter |  | 34.65 |  | 29.63 |  | 33.04 |  | 27,153,358.00
Fourth Quarter |  | 33.57 |  | 27.17 |  | 29.16 |  | 27,520,098.00
2017 |  | 36.19 |  | 28.10 |  | 32.22 |  | 76,122,383.00
First Quarter |  | 31.34 |  | 28.10 |  | 31.17 |  | 23,813,869.00
Second Quarter |  | 34.45 |  | 30.26 |  | 33.67 |  | 16,694,062.00
Third Quarter |  | 36.19 |  | 33.50 |  | 34.30 |  | 14,436,754.00
Fourth Quarter |  | 34.55 |  | 29.15 |  | 32.22 |  | 21,177,698.00
September |  | 35.95 |  | 34.26 |  | 34.30 |  | 4,821,106.00
October |  | 34.55 |  | 29.73 |  | 30.04 |  | 8,566,928.00
November |  | 31.96 |  | 29.15 |  | 31.08 |  | 7,916,528.00
December |  | 32.36 |  | 30.35 |  | 32.22 |  | 4,694,242.00
2018 |  | 32.51 |  | 28.12 |  | 29.03 |  | 22,941,047.00
January |  | 32.51 |  | 29.50 |  | 30.05 |  | 12,934,482.00
February |  | 30.50 |  | 28.12 |  | 29.03 |  | 10,006,565.00

B. PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION

Not applicable.

C. MARKETS

Our common stock is listed and traded on the IDX. Our ADSs are also listed and traded on the NYSE with one ADS representing 100 shares of common stock.

The Indonesian Stock Market

Indonesia’s stock market, known as the IDX, emerged out of the December 1, 2007 merger of two stock exchanges operating in two different locations in Indonesia, namely the Jakarta Stock Exchange which was located in Jakarta, the capital city of Indonesia, and the Surabaya Stock Exchange which was located in Surabaya in East Java.

As of December 31, 2017, the IDX had 566 issuers for equity and 106 active brokerage houses. In 2017, IDX recorded a trading volume of 2,845 billion shares. As of December 31, 2017, the total market capitalization was valued at Rp 7.052 trillion (US$ 519.8 billion).

Trading is divided into three segments: the regular market, negotiated market and cash market (except for rights issues, which can only be traded on the cash market and the negotiated market for the first session). The regular market is the mechanism for trading stock in standard lots on a continuous auction basis during exchange hours. Auctions on the IDX on regular market and cash market take place according to the price and time priorities. Price priority refers to giving priority to buying orders at a higher price or selling orders at a lower price. If buying or selling orders are placed at the same price, priority is given to the earlier placed buying or selling order (time priority). Trading on the negotiated market is conducted through direct negotiation between (i) IDX members, (ii) clients through one IDX member, (iii) a client and an IDX member, or (iv) an IDX member and the PT Kliring Penjaminan Efek Indonesia (“KPEI”). KPEI provides clearing and guarantee services of stock exchange transactions settlement. It also improves efficiency and certainty of transactions settlement on the IDX.

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The Decree of the Board of Directors of the IDX No. Kep‑00399/BEI/11‑2012 provides that, effective January 2, 2013, the trading sessions of the IDX is as follows:

Trading Session |  | Market |  | Day |  | Trading Hours
Pre-opening |  | Regular |  | Monday-Friday |  | 08.45.00‑08.55.00
1 st |  | Regular |  | Monday-Thursday |  | 09.00.00‑12.00.00
|  | Cash and Negotiated |  | Friday |  | 09.00.00‑11.30.00
2 nd |  | Regular |  | Monday-Thursday |  | 13.30.00‑15.49.59
|  |  |  | Friday |  | 14.00.00‑15.49.59
|  | Negotiated |  | Monday-Thursday |  | 13.30.00‑16.15.00
|  |  |  | Friday |  | 14.00.00‑16.15.00
Pre-closing |  | Regular |  | Monday-Friday |  | 15.50.00‑16.00.00
Post Trading |  | Regular |  | Monday-Friday |  | 16.05.00‑16.15.00

The Decree of the Board of Directors of the IDX No.Kep-00113/BEI/12-2016, effective January 3, 2017, changed the group price, tick price and maximum share price movement to the following:

Group Price |  | Tick Price |  | Maximum Share Price Movement
≤Rp200 |  | Rp1 |  | Rp10
Rp200 ≤Rp500 |  | Rp2 |  | Rp20
Rp500≤Rp2,000 |  | Rp5 |  | Rp50
Rp2,000≤Rp5,000 |  | Rp10 |  | Rp100
≥Rp5,000 |  | Rp25 |  | Rp250

Transactions on the IDX regular market must be settled no later than the third trading day after the transaction. Transactions on the negotiated market are settled on the basis of the agreement between the selling exchange members and the buying exchange members, on a transaction-by-transaction basis. Transactions on the IDX cash market must be settled on the day of the transaction and reported to the IDX. If an exchange member defaults on the settlement of a transaction, the securities can be traded by direct negotiation on cash and carry terms. Each exchange member is required to pay a transaction fee as stipulated by the IDX. Any delay in payment of the transaction fee is subject to a fine of 1.0% of the outstanding amount of the payment for each day of delay. The IDX may impose sanctions on its members for any violation of exchange rules, which may include fines, written warnings, suspension or revocation of licenses.

When conducting share transactions on the IDX, each exchange member is required to pay a transaction cost for transactions on the regular market and cash market of 0.0018%of the transaction value and VAT and other tax obligation. For the negotiated market, a transaction cost as stipulated by the IDX is applicable. A minimum monthly transaction fee of Rp20 million is applied as a contribution for the provision of exchange facilities and continues in effect for members who are suspended or whose Exchange Member Approval is revoked.

Since the global financial crisis in the last quarter of 2008 that caused typical share price movements, the IDX has applied a policy of auto rejection, a mechanism whereby share trading can be halted automatically in order to maintain orderly, fair and efficient trading. Following changes made by the IDX in October 2008 and January 2009 the auto rejection trigger levels are 35% above or below the reference price for stocks in the Rp50 to Rp200 price range, 25% for stocks in the Rp200 to Rp5,000 price range, and 20% for stocks priced more than Rp5,000. The auto rejection level in the case of an initial public offering is determined at a level which is twice as high as for normal trading. Auto rejection also arises when selling offer or buying request volume reaches over 5 billion shares or 5% of total shares listed, whichever is smaller.

The Decree of the Board of Directors of the IDX No. Kep-00113/BEI/12-2016, effective January 3, 2017, also stipulates the change of auto rejection policy. The Jakarta Automated Trading System (JATS) will automatically reject price orders input into the JATS at the Regular and Cash Markets if (i) the selling or buying order is smaller than Rp50; (ii) the selling or buying orders input into the JATS are more than 35% (thirty five percent) above or below the Reference Price for stock prices ranging from Rp50 to Rp200; (iii) the selling or buying orders input into the JATS are more than

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25% above or 10% below the Reference Price for stock price ranging from above Rp200 to Rp5,000; and (iv) the selling or buying orders input into the JATS are more than 20% above or below the Reference Price for stock price that is more than Rp5,000. Stock trading as a result of initial public offering is determined twice wider than Auto Rejection percentage as mentioned above.

Trading on the NYSE

See Item 12 “Description of Securities Other Than Equity Securities”.

B. SELLING STOCKHOLDERS

Not applicable.

C. DILUTION

Not applicable.

D. EXPENSES OF THE ISSUE

Not applicable.

ITEM 10. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

A. SHARE CAPITAL

Not applicable.

B. MEMORANDUM AND ARTICLES OF ASSOCIATION

Description of Articles of Association

Our Articles of Association are registered in accordance with Law No.1 of 1995 on Limited Liability Companies, and approved by Ministerial Decree No.C2‑7468.HT.01.04.Th.97 of 1997. Following the enactment of the Indonesian Company Law which revoked Law No.1 of 1995 on Limited Liability Companies, we amended our Articles of Association which were approved by the Ministry of Law and Human Rights of the Republic of Indonesia pursuant to the Decree of the Ministry of Justice and Human Rights No.AHU.46312.AH.01.02 of 2008 dated July 31, 2008 and registered in the State Gazette of the Republic of Indonesia No.84 dated October 17, 2008, Supplement to State Gazette No.20155.

Our Articles of Association have been amended several times, the latest amendment of which primarily related to the directive of the Ministry of State Owned Enterprises to standardize articles of association across all state owned enterprises in Indonesia. This last amendment was accepted and approved by the Ministry of Law and Human Right in its Decree No.AHU-0013024.AH.01.02 dated June 15, 2017 and which notification was received by the Ministry of Law and Human Right in its Letter No.AHU-AH.01.03-0146625 dated June 15, 2017.

In accordance with Article 3 of our Articles of Association, the scope of our activities is to provide telecommunication network and telecommunication and information services, as well as to optimize our Company’s resources in producing high quality and competitive products and services to enhance profitability while staying true to our Company’s values. In order to achieve the aforementioned objectives, we may undertake business activities that incorporate the following:

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| 1. |  | Main Business

| a. |  | Planning, building, providing, developing, operating, marketing or selling, leasing, and maintaining telecommunication and information networks to the widest extent in accordance with prevailing laws and regulations.

| b. |  | Planning, developing, providing, marketing or selling, and improving telecommunications and information services to the widest extent in accordance with prevailing laws and regulations.

| c. |  | Investing, including equity capital, in other companies in order to realize our purposes and objectives.

| 2. |  | Supporting Business

| a. |  | Providing payment transactions and money transferring services through telecommunications and information networks.

| b. |  | Performing other activities and undertakings in connection with the optimization of our resources which, among others, including the utilization of our properties and equipments and movable assets, information systems, education and training and repairs and maintenance facilities.

| c. |  | Collaborating with other parties to optimize the information, communication or technology resources owned by other parties as a service provider in the information, communication and technology industry in order to realize our purposes and objectives.

In accordance with Indonesian Company Law, we have a Board of Commissioners and a Board of Directors. These boards are separate and no individual may be a member of both boards. Each Director receives a bonus if we surpass certain financial and operating targets, the amounts of which are determined by the shareholders at the AGMS. Each Director receives compensation, the amount of which is determined by the shareholders at the GMS, although such authority may be delegated to the Board of Commissioners, in which case compensation shall be determined based on a resolution of the Board of Commissioners.

Our Articles of Association state that any transaction involving a conflict of interest between our Company and our Directors, Commissioners and shareholders should be approved by a shareholders’ meeting, where approval is required from more than half of the votes of the independent shareholders.

A member of the Board of Directors shall have no right to represent our Company if such member has a conflict of interest with our Company. To take any legal actions in the form of transactions in which a conflict of interests exists between the personal economic interest of a Director, a Commissioner or a shareholder and our Company’s economic interest, the Board of Directors must obtain the approval of a GMS. Such GMS must be attended by independent shareholders (i.e. those shareholders having no conflict of interest) who hold more than one-half of the total number of shares with valid voting rights held by all independent shareholders and the resolution must be passed by the affirmative votes of independent shareholders holding more than one-half of the total number of shares with valid voting rights. In passing any resolutions, the principal shareholders, the Directors and Commissioners who have conflicts of interests in the transaction that is being decided are not entitled to give any recommendation or opinion. Any resolution passed by independent shareholders shall be confirmed by the entire quorum of the meeting to be followed by all shareholders present in the meeting, including those having conflicts of interest.

In respect of loans, our Articles of Association require our Board of Directors to obtain the written approval of our Board of Commissioners in order to obtain or provide any loan (i) for non-operational purposes except for loans to subsidiaries and (ii) exceeding a certain amount under the Company’s working plan and budget, subject to applicable capital market regulations in Indonesia.

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Other than as above, the Board of Directors requires approval from the Board of Commissioners, which, in turn, requires approval from the Series A Dwiwarna shareholder for:

| · |  | disposing/transferring and/or collateralising assets worth Rp100 billion or more, except for deposits, shares recorded as investments, assets recorded as inventory. Such assets shall be valued based on fair prices;

| · |  | establishing cooperation with business entities or other parties, in the form of (i) operational cooperation, (ii) business cooperation, (iii) licensing cooperation, (iv) built, operate and transfer, (v) build, transfer and operate, (vi) build, operate and own, and (vii) other agreements of similar nature worth Rp100 billion or more for a duration of five years or more;

| · |  | conducting capital participation in other companies, subsidiaries, and joint venture companies not in the context of loan bailout, which meets the following thresholds:

| - |  | worth Rp100 billion or more for 1 fiscal year in another company; or

| - |  | worth Rp200 billion or more for 1 fiscal year in one subsidiary or joint venture company;

| - |  | the value of the paid-up capital shall include those that are non-cash in nature.

| · |  | establishing a subsidiary and/or a joint venture company with initial deposit worth Rp 5 billion or more;

| · |  | nominating representatives to become prospective members of the Board of Directors of Telkomsel, Metra, or Dayamitra;

| · |  | releasing capital participation in other companies, subsidiaries, and joint venture companies worth Rp100 billion or more for a fiscal year in a company and or as controlling shares;

| · |  | mergers, consolidations, acquisitions, spin-offs, and dissolution of subsidiaries and joint venture companies with a financial consequence of Rp100 billion or more for our Company;

| · |  | binding our Company as a guarantor for a value of Rp500 billion or more for one year for a subsidiary;

| · |  | accepting medium/long-term loans and providing medium/long term loans worth more than the value stipulated in Company’s Work Plan and Budget;

| · |  | providing non-operational short/medium/long-term loans worth more than the value stipulated in Company’s Work Plan and Budget, except loans to subsidiaries (it is sufficient to report loans to subsidiaries to the Board of Commissioners);

| · |  | writing off non-performing loans worth Rp100 billion or more for one fiscal year and for dead inventory;

| · |  | any actions not provided for in Company’s Work Plan and Budget.

The Board of Directors is responsible for leading and managing our Company in accordance with our objectives and purposes and to control, preserve and manage the assets of our Company.

Our Articles of Association do not contain any requirement for our Directors to: (i) retire by a specified age; or (ii) to own any or a specified number of shares of our Company. The rights, preferences and restrictions attaching to each class of the shares of our Company in respect of specified matters are set forth below:

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| · |  | Dividend rights. Dividends are to be paid based upon our financial condition and in accordance with the resolution of the shareholders in a GMS, which will also determine the form of and time of payment of the dividend;

| · |  | Voting rights. The holder of each voting share is entitled to one vote at a GMS;

| · |  | Rights to share in our Company’s profits. See dividend rights;

| · |  | Rights to share in any surplus in the event of liquidation. Stockholders are entitled to surplus in the event of liquidation in accordance with their proportion of shareholding, provided the nominal value of the common stock that they hold is fully paid-up;

| · |  | Redemption provisions. There are no stock redemption provisions in our Articles of Association. However, based on Article 37 of the Indonesian Company Law, we may buy back up to 10% of our issued and outstanding shares;

| · |  | Reserved fund provisions. We are required to set aside retained earnings in the amount of at least 20% of our issued capital to cover potential losses. If the amount in the reserved fund exceeds 20% of our issued capital, a GMS may authorize us to utilize such excess funds for the purposes of our Company;

| · |  | Liability for further capital calls. Our shareholders may be asked to subscribe for new shares in our Company from time to time. Such rights are to be offered to shareholders prior to being offered to third parties and may be transferred at the option of the shareholder. Our Board of Directors is authorized to offer the new shares to third parties in the event that an existing shareholder is unable or unwilling to subscribe for such new shares; and

| · |  | Our Articles of Association do not contain any provisions discriminating against any existing or prospective holder of such securities because of such shareholder owning a substantial number of shares.

In order to change the rights of shareholders, an amendment to the relevant provisions of our Articles of Association is required. Any amendment to our Articles of Association requires the approval of the holder of the Dwiwarna Share and the other shareholders or their authorized proxies jointly representing at least two thirds of the total number of votes cast in the meeting.

Any GMS may only be convened upon the issuance of the requisite notice by us. In addition, the Board of Directors may issue such notice and convene an EGMS based on a written request by the Board of Commissioners or one or more shareholders holding at least 10% of our shares. The notice is to be published in at least one newspaper in Indonesia (in Bahasa Indonesia) having general circulation within Indonesia and on the website of our Company (in Bahasa Indonesia and/or other languages as determined by regulations) and the IDX. Such announcement/notice of a GMS is required to be given to shareholders at least 14 days (without counting the notice date and the invitation date) prior to the invitation for the GMS. The invitation for the GMS is also required to be published in the same manner as with the announcement of the notice at least 21 days (without counting the invitation date and the meeting date) prior to the GMS. The quorum for AGMS or EGMS requires shareholders representing more than one-half of the total shares with voting rights issued by us. In case the quorum is not reached, then invitation to a second meeting can be made without prior notice that an invitation to a meeting will be made. Such invitation to the meeting is required to be served at least seven days prior to the second meeting (without counting the invitation date and the meeting date). The second meeting will be valid if attended by shareholders representing at least one-third of the total shares with valid voting rights and may pass binding resolutions if approved by at least one-half of the attended shareholders with valid voting rights. In case the quorum is not reached at the second meeting, a third meeting may be held, at our Company’s request, with the quorum of attendance to be determined by the Chairman of the OJK in accordance with the provisions of the laws.

Stockholders may vote by proxy. All resolutions are to be passed by consensus and deliberation. If consensus cannot be reached, resolutions are passed by simple majority, unless a larger majority is required by our Articles of

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Association. Our Articles of Association do not contain any limitations on the right of any person, to own our shares or to exercise their right to vote. Indonesian capital market regulations do not contain any limitation on the right of any person, whether local or foreign, to own shares in a company listed on the IDX.

Any takeover of our Company is required to be approved by the holder of the Dwiwarna Share and a majority constituting at least three-fourths of the total number of shares at a GMS that must be attended by the holder of the Dwiwarna Share. There are no other provisions in our Articles of Association that would have the effect of delaying, deferring or preventing a change in control of our Company.

Each Director and Commissioner has an obligation to report to the OJK with regard to their ownership and any changes in their ownership of our Company, and this obligation also applies to shareholders who, directly and indirectly, have an ownership stake of 5% or more in our paid up capital. We believe that our Articles of Association are not significantly different from those generally prevailing in Indonesia in respect of companies listed on the IDX (other than with respect to provisions and rights relating to the Dwiwarna Share, which are common for SOEs listed on the IDX). We also believe that the provisions in our Articles of Association relating to changes in our capital are not more stringent than that required by Indonesian law.

C. MATERIAL CONTRACTS

In 2017 and 2016, we did not enter into any new material contracts nor did we amend any existing material contracts, other than contracts entered into or amended in the ordinary course of business as disclosed at Note 33 of our Consolidated Financial Statements.

D. EXCHANGE CONTROLS

See Item 3 “Key Information — Selected Financial Data — Exchange Controls” included elsewhere in this Form 20‑F.

E. TAXATION

The following summary contains a description of the principal Indonesian and United States federal tax consequences of the purchase, ownership and disposition of ADSs or shares of common stock. This summary does not purport to be a complete description of all of the tax considerations that may be relevant to a decision to purchase, own or dispose of ADSs or shares of common stock.

Investors should consult their tax advisors about the Indonesian and United States federal, state and local tax consequences to them of the purchase, ownership and disposition of ADSs or shares of common stock.

Indonesian Taxation

The following is a summary of the principal Indonesian tax consequences of the ownership and disposition of common stock or ADSs to a non-resident individual or non-resident entity that holds common stock or ADSs (a “Non-Indonesian Holder”). A “non-resident individual” is a foreign national individual who does not reside or intend to reside in Indonesia and is not physically present in Indonesia for more than 183 days within a 12-month period, during which period such non-resident individual receives income in respect of the ownership or disposition of common stock or ADSs and a “non-resident entity” is a corporation or a non-corporate body that is established, domiciled or organized under the laws of a jurisdiction other than Indonesia and does not have a fixed place of business or otherwise conducts business or carries out activities through a permanent establishment in Indonesia during an Indonesian tax year in which such non-resident entity receives income in respect of the ownership or disposition of common stock or ADSs. In determining the residency of an individual or entity, consideration will be given to the provisions of any applicable double taxation treaty to which Indonesia is a party.

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Dividends

Dividends declared by us out of retained earnings and distributed to a Non-Indonesian Holder in respect of common stock or ADSs are subject to Indonesian withholding tax, which, as of the date of this Annual Report, is at the rate of 20%, on the amount of the distribution (in the case of cash dividends) or on the shareholders’ proportional share of the value of the distribution. A lower rate provided under double taxation treaties may be applicable, provided the recipient is able to comply with the following strict requirements:

| 1. |  | If the provisions under the tax treaty is different from those under the Indonesian Income Tax Law.

| 2. |  | The income recipient is not an Indonesian taxpayer.

| 3. |  | The non tax resident income recipient is an individual or an entity that is a tax resident of the country under the tax treaty country partner.

| 4. |  | The non tax resident income recipient submits a certificate of domicile that meets the administrative requirements and certain other requirements.

| a. |  | The administrative requirements to be fulfilled by the non tax resident income recipient in order to apply the tax treaty are as follows:

| 1) |  | Uses Form DGT-1 or Form DGT-2;

| 2) |  | The form must be filed in correctly, completely and clearly by the non-resident income recipient;

| 3) |  | Signed by the non-resident income recipient or equivalent mark/stamp as normally used in its country;

| 4) |  | Signed by the authorized official of the treaty country where the non-resident income recipient resides or equivalent mark/stamp as normally;

| 5) |  | Used for the period stated in the Form DGT-1 or Form DGT-2 (maximum 12 months); and

| 6) |  | Submitted by the Indonesian Withholder agent in the submission of its monthly tax return (MTR) at the latest by the due date of the submission (i.e. the 20th of the following month).

| b. |  | The certain other requirements is the certificate of domicile must explain below informations:

| 1) |  | There are relevant economic motives in relation to the establishment of the entity;

| 2) |  | The entity has its own management to conduct business and the management has independent discretion;

| 3) |  | The entity has sufficient assets to conduct business other than the assets generating income from Indonesia;

| 4) |  | The entity has sufficient and qualified personnel to conduct business; and

| 5) |  | The entity has business activity other than receiving dividend, interest and/or royalty from Indonesia.

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| 5. |  | There is no tax treaty abuse. To meet this condition, the non tax resident is required to:

| a. |  | have economic substance in the establishment of the entity or the execution of the transaction;

| b. |  | have legal form that is same as the economic substance in the establishment of the entity or the execution of the transaction;

| c. |  | have a business activities which are managed by its own management and the management has sufficient authority to carry out the transactions;

| d. |  | have fixed assets and non-fixed assets (other than the assets generating income from Indonesia), which are sufficient to conduct business activities in that treaty partner country;

| e. |  | have sufficient employees with the expertise and certain skills in accordance with its line of business; and

| f. |  | have activities or an active business other than only receiving income in the form of dividend, interest, royalty from Indonesia.

| 6. |  | The non tax resident income recipient is the beneficial owner of the income as required by the concerned tax treaty. The requirements for a beneficial owner are as follows:

| a. |  | If the non tax resident is an individual, he or she does not act as an agent or nominee; or

| b. |  | If the non tax resident is an entity, it should fulfil the following requirements:

| 1) |  | It does not act as an agent, nominee, or conduit;

| 2) |  | It has to have control in using or enjoying funds, assets, or rights that can generate income from Indonesia;

| 3) |  | There is no more than 50% of the total non-consolidated income is used to fulfill obligations to other parties;

| 4) |  | It bears the risks of assets, capital, and / or liabilities; and

| 5) |  | It does not have written or unwritten obligation to provide part or all of the income derived from Indonesia to another party.

Capital Gains

The sale or transfer of common stock through the IDX is subject to a final withholding tax at the rate of 0.1% of the value of the transaction. The broker executing the transaction is obligated to withhold such tax. The sale or transfer of founder shares through the IDX under current Indonesian tax regulations, be subject to additional income tax if the 0.5% final income tax has not been settled after the initial public offering.

Subject to the promulgation of implementing regulations, the estimated net income received or accrued from the sale of movable assets in Indonesia, which may include common stock not listed on the IDX or ADSs, by a Non-Indonesian Holder (with the exception of the sale of assets under Article 4 paragraph (2) of the Indonesian income tax law) may be subject to Indonesian withholding tax at the rate of 20%.

There is no specific tax regulation on the sale of listed shares outside the IDX. If the transfer of listed shares outside the IDX by a non-resident taxpayer is considered as the transfer of unlisted shares by a non-resident taxpayer, then

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general tax regulation will be applied, which is, withholding tax of 5% of the sales price (or may be subject to the double taxation treaty) will be applicable.

Under Indonesian tax laws, a purchaser or Indonesian broker is required to withhold tax on payment of the purchase price for common stock or ADSs through the IDX, theoretically, that payment may be exempt from Indonesian withholding or other Indonesian income tax under applicable double taxation treaty to which Indonesia as a party (including the United States-Indonesia double taxation treaty). However, except for the sale or transfer of shares in a non-public company, the current Indonesian tax regulations do not provide specific procedures for the application of the tax treaty from the proceeds of such sale. To take advantage of the double taxation treaty relief, Non-Indonesian Holders may need to fulfill certain requirements including making a specific application accompanied with a specific form which set by the Indonesian Tax Office as a Certificate of Residency and filled by the recipient of the income and validated by the competent authority of the country where the recipients are resident. The original Certificate of Residency that has been validated by the competent authority must be provided to the custodian that will forward it to the withholding tax agent.

Stamp Duty

Stock transactions in Indonesia are subject to stamp duty. Pursuant to Government Regulation No.24/2000, the nominal amount of the Indonesian stamp duty is Rp6,000 for transactions having a value greater than Rp1 million and Rp3,000 for transactions having a value of up to Rp1 million.

Considerations Regarding Certain U.S. Federal Income Tax

The following is a summary of certain U.S. federal income tax considerations for ADSs or common stock as “capital assets” (generally, property held for investment) under section 1221 of the U.S. Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, (the “Code”). This summary is based upon the Code, its legislative history, final, temporary and proposed U.S. Treasury regulations promulgated thereunder, published rulings and court decisions, as well as the Convention between the Government of the United States and the Government of the Republic of Indonesia for the Avoidance of Double Taxation and the Prevention of Fiscal Evasion with Respect to Taxes on Income (the “Treaty”), as in effect on the date hereof, all of which are subject to change, or changes in interpretation, possibly with retroactive effect. In addition, this discussion is based in part upon representations of the depositary and the assumption that each obligation in the deposit agreement and any related agreements will be performed according to its terms.

This summary does not discuss all aspects of U.S. federal income taxation which may be important to particular investors in light of their individual investment circumstances, including investors subject to special tax rules (for example, financial institutions, insurance companies, broker-dealers, partnerships and their partners, and tax-exempt organizations (including private foundations)), holders who are not U.S. Holders, investors that will hold ADSs or common stock as part of a straddle, hedge, conversion, constructive sale, or other integrated transaction for U.S. federal income tax purposes, investors subject to special tax accounting rules as a result of any item of gross income with respect to the ADSs or common stock being taken into account in an applicable financial statement, or investors that have a functional currency other than the U.S. Dollar, all of whom may be subject to tax rules that differ significantly from those summarized below. In addition, this summary does not address U.S. federal estate, gift or alternative minimum taxes, the U.S. federal Medicare tax on net investment income, or state, local, or non-U.S. tax considerations. Each holder is urged to consult its tax advisor regarding the U.S. federal, state, local and non-U.S. income, and other tax considerations of their investment in the ADSs or common stock.

For purposes of this summary, a “U.S. Holder” is a beneficial owner of ADSs or common stock that is, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, (i) an individual who is a citizen or resident of the United States, (ii) a corporation, created in, or organized under the laws of, the United States or any state thereof or the District of Columbia, (iii) an estate the income of which is includible in gross income for U.S. federal income tax purposes regardless of its source, or (iv) a trust (A) the administration of which is subject to the primary supervision of a U.S. court and which has one or more U.S. persons who have the authority to control all substantial decisions of the trust or (B) that has made a valid election to be treated as a U.S. person under the Code.

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If a partnership (or other entity treated as a “tax transparent” entity for U.S. tax purposes) is the beneficial owner of ADSs or common stock, the tax treatment of a partner in the partnership (or interest holder in the “tax transparent” entity) will generally depend on the status of the partner (or interest holder) and the activities of the partnership (or “tax transparent” entity). For U.S. federal income tax purposes, U.S. Holders of ADSs will be treated as the beneficial owners of the underlying common stock represented by the ADSs.

Distributions on the Common Shares or ADSs

Subject to the discussion below under “Passive Foreign Investment Company”, the gross amount of any distribution (without reduction for any Indonesian tax withheld) we make on the common shares or ADSs out of our current or accumulated earnings and profits (as determined for U.S. federal income tax purposes) will be includible in your gross income as ordinary dividend income when the distribution is actually or constructively received by you, or by the depositary in the case of ADSs. Distributions that exceed our current and accumulated earnings and profits will be treated as a return of capital to you, to the extent of your basis in the ADSs or common shares and thereafter as capital gain. We, however, do not calculate earnings and profits in accordance with U.S. tax principles. Accordingly, all distributions by us to U.S. Holders will generally be treated as dividends. Any dividend will not be eligible for the dividends-received deduction generally granted to U.S. corporations in respect of dividends received from U.S. corporations. The amount of any distribution of property other than cash will be the fair market value of such property on the date of such distribution.

Subject to certain exceptions for short-term and hedged positions, the U.S. Dollar amount of dividends received by certain non-corporate holders will be taxable at favorable rates as opposed to being taxable at ordinary income rates if the dividends are “qualified dividends”. Dividends paid on ADSs or common shares will be treated as qualified dividends if either (i) we are eligible for the benefits of a comprehensive income tax treaty with the United States that the Internal Revenue Service, or IRS, has approved for the purposes of the qualified dividend rules, or (ii) the dividends are with respect to ADSs readily tradable on a U.S. securities market, provided, in each case, that we were not, in the year prior to the year in which the dividend was paid, and are not, in the year in which the dividend is paid, a passive foreign investment company, or PFIC. The Treaty has been approved for the purposes of the qualified dividend rules, and we expect to qualify for benefits under the Treaty so long as there is substantial and regular trading in our common shares on the IDX. We are considered a qualified foreign corporation with respect to the ADSs because our ADSs are listed on the New York Stock Exchange. Finally, based on our audited Consolidated Financial Statements and relevant market data, we believe that we did not satisfy the definition for PFIC status for U.S. federal income tax purposes with respect to our 2017 taxable year. In addition, based on our audited Consolidated Financial Statements and our current expectations regarding the value and nature of our assets, the sources and nature of our income, and relevant market data, we do not believe we were a PFIC for our 2017 taxable year, and we do not anticipate we will be a PFIC for the current taxable year or any future taxable year. However, our status in the current year and future years will depend on our income and assets (which for this purpose depends in part on the market value of the ADSs or common shares) in those years. See the discussion below under “Passive Foreign Investment Company”.

Holders of ADSs or common shares should consult their own tax advisors regarding the availability of the reduced dividend tax rate in light of their own particular circumstances.

The amount of the dividend distribution that a U.S. holder must include in its income will be the U.S. Dollar value of the Rupiah payments made, determined at the spot Rupiah/U.S. Dollar rate on the date the dividend distribution is actually or constructively received, regardless of whether the payment is in fact converted into U.S. Dollars. Generally, any gain or loss resulting from currency exchange fluctuations during the period from the date the U.S. holder includes the dividend payment in income to the date it converts the payment into U.S. Dollars will be treated as ordinary income or loss from U.S. sources.

Subject to various limitations, any Indonesian tax withheld from distributions in accordance with the Treaty will be deductible or creditable against your U.S. federal income tax liability. Dividends paid by us generally will constitute income from sources outside the United States for U.S. foreign tax credit limitation purposes and will be categorized as “passive category income” or, in the case of certain U.S. Holders, as “general category income” for U.S. foreign tax credit purposes.

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In the event we are required to withhold Indonesian income tax on dividends paid to U.S. Holders on the ADSs or common shares (see discussion under “Indonesian Taxation”), you may be able to claim a reduced 15% rate of Indonesian withholding tax if you are eligible for benefits under the Treaty. You should consult your own tax advisor about the eligibility for reduction of Indonesian withholding tax.

You may not be able to claim a foreign tax credit (and instead may claim a deduction) for non-U.S. taxes imposed on dividends paid on the ADSs or common shares if you (i) have held the ADSs or common shares for less than a specified minimum period during which you are not protected from risk of loss with respect to such shares, or (ii) are obligated to make payments related to the dividends (for example, pursuant to a short sale). The rules relating to the U.S. foreign tax credit are complex and U.S. Holders may be subject to various limitations on the amount of foreign tax credits that are available. In addition, if the dividends are taxed as qualified dividend income (as discussed above), the amount of the dividend taken into account for purposes of calculating a U.S. Holder's foreign tax credit limitation will generally be limited to the gross amount of the taxable dividend, multiplied by the reduced tax rate applicable to qualified dividend income and divided by the highest tax rate normally applicable to dividends. U.S. Holders should consult their own tax advisors regarding the effect of these rules in their particular circumstance.

Sale or Other Disposition of ADSs or Common Stock

Subject to the discussion below under “Passive Foreign Investment Company”, upon a sale, exchange or other disposition of the ADSs or common shares, you will generally recognize capital gain or loss for U.S. federal income tax purposes in an amount equal to the difference between the U.S. Dollar value of the amount realized and your tax basis, determined in U.S. Dollars, in such ADSs or common shares. Generally, gain or loss recognized upon the sale or other disposition of ADSs or common shares will be capital gain or loss, will be long-term capital gain or loss if the U.S. Holder's holding period for such ADSs or common shares exceeds one year, and will be income or loss from sources within the United States for foreign tax credit limitation purposes. The deductibility of capital losses is subject to significant limitations.

A U.S. Holder that receives foreign currency from a sale or disposition of ADSs or common shares generally will realize an amount equal to the U.S. Dollar value of the foreign currency determined on (i) the date of receipt of payment in the case of a cash basis U.S. Holder and (ii) the date of disposition in the case of an accrual basis U.S. Holder. If ADSs or common shares are treated as traded on an “established securities market”, a cash basis taxpayer or, if it so elects, an accrual basis taxpayer, will determine the U.S. Dollar value of the amount realized by translating the amount received at the spot rate of exchange on the settlement date of the sale. A U.S. Holder will have a tax basis in the foreign currency received equal to the U.S. Dollar amount realized. Any currency exchange gain or loss realized on a subsequent conversion of the foreign currency into U.S. Dollars for a different amount generally will be treated as ordinary income or loss from sources within the United States. However, if such foreign currency is converted into U.S. Dollars on the date received by the U.S. Holder, a cash-basis or electing accrual basis U.S. Holder should not recognize any gain or loss on such conversion.

Any gain or loss will generally be U.S. source gain or loss for foreign tax credit limitation purposes and as a result of the U.S. foreign tax credit limitation, foreign taxes, if any, imposed upon capital gains in respect of the ADSs or common shares may not be currently creditable. U.S. Holders should consult their own tax advisors regarding the effect of these rules in their particular circumstances.

Passive Foreign Investment Company

In general, a foreign corporation is a PFIC for any taxable year in which, after applying relevant look-through rules with respect to the income and assets of subsidiaries:

| · |  | 75% or more of its gross income consists of passive income, such as dividends, interest, rents, royalties, and gains from the sale of assets that give rise to such income; or

| · |  | 50% or more of the average quarterly value of its gross assets consists of assets that produce, or are held for the production of, passive income.

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“Passive income” for this purpose includes, for example, dividends, interest, royalties, rents and gains from commodities and securities transactions and the excess of gains over losses from the disposition of assets which produce passive income. Passive income does not include rents and royalties derived from the active conduct of a trade or business. If the stock of a non-U.S. corporation is publicly traded for the taxable year, the asset test is applied using the fair market value of the assets for purposes of measuring such corporation's assets. If we own, directly or indirectly, at least 25% (by value) of the stock of another corporation, we will be treated, for purposes of the PFIC tests, as owning our proportionate share of the other corporation's assets and receiving our proportionate share of the other corporation's income for purposes of the PFIC income and asset tests.

We do not believe we were a PFIC for prior taxable years, and based on the current and anticipated composition of our assets and income and the current expectations regarding the price of the ADSs and common shares, we do not believe that we are a PFIC for the current taxable year and we do not expect to become a PFIC for future taxable years. This is a factual determination, however, that must be made annually at the end of the taxable year. Therefore, there can be no assurance that we will not be classified as a PFIC for the current taxable year or for any future taxable year.. However, the determination of PFIC status is a factual determination that must be made annually at the close of each taxable year, and therefore, there can be no certainty as to our status in this regard until the close of the 2017 taxable year. Changes in the nature of our income or assets or a decrease in the trading price of the ADSs or common shares may cause us to be considered a PFIC in the current or any subsequent year.

If we were a PFIC in any taxable year that you held the ADSs or common shares, you generally would be subject to special rules with respect to “excess distributions” made by us on the ADSs or common shares and with respect to gain from your disposition of the ADSs or common shares. An “excess distribution” generally is defined as the excess of the distributions you receive with respect to the ADSs or common shares in any taxable year over 125% of the average annual distributions you have received from us during the shorter of the three preceding years, or your holding period for the ADSs or common shares. Generally, you would be required to allocate any excess distribution or gain from the disposition of the ADSs or common shares ratably over your holding period for the ADSs or common shares. The portion of the excess distribution or gain allocated to a prior taxable year, other than a year prior to the first year in which we became a PFIC, would be taxed at the highest U.S. federal income tax rate on ordinary income in effect for such taxable year, and you would be subject to an interest charge (at the rate generally applicable to an underpayment of tax) on the resulting tax liability, determined as if the tax liability had been due with respect to such particular taxable year. The portion of the excess distribution or gain that is not allocated to prior taxable years, together with the portion allocated to the years prior to the first year in which we became a PFIC, would be included in your gross income for the taxable years of the excess distribution or disposition and taxed as ordinary income.

If we were a PFIC in any year during a U.S. Holder's holding period, we would generally continue to be treated as a PFIC with respect to such U.S. Holder’s investment unless the U.S. Holder has made certain elections under the PFIC rules, such as a mark-to-market election or a “qualified electing fund” (“QEF”) election. Prospective investors should assume, however, that a QEF election will not be available because we do not expect to provide U.S. Holders with the information needed to make such an election. U.S. Holders should consult with their own tax advisors concerning the consequences to them if we are or become a PFIC, including but not limited to any reporting requirements and the availability and applicability of any election that may be available to mitigate adverse consequences, in light of such U.S. Holders’ particular circumstances.

If we were regarded as a PFIC, a U.S. Holder of ADSs or common shares generally would be required to file an information return on IRS Form 8621 for any year in which the U.S. Holder received a direct or indirect distribution with respect to the ADSs or common shares, recognized gain on a direct or indirect disposition of the ADSs or common shares, or made an election with respect to the ADSs or common shares, reporting distributions received and gains realized with respect to the ADSs or common shares. In addition, if we were regarded as a PFIC, a U.S. Holder would be required to file an annual information return (also on IRS Form 8621) relating to the U.S. Holder's ownership of the ADSs or common shares. This requirement would be in addition to other reporting requirements applicable to ownership in a PFIC.

The rules applicable to owning shares of a PFIC are complex. We encourage you to consult your own tax advisor concerning the U.S. federal income tax consequences of holding the ADSs or common shares that would arise if we were considered a PFIC.

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Backup Withholding Tax and Information Reporting Requirements

U.S. backup withholding tax and information reporting requirements generally apply to certain payments made to certain non-corporate holders of stock. Information reporting generally will apply to payments of dividends on and to proceeds from the sale or redemption of, ordinary shares made within the United States or by a U.S. payor or U.S. middleman to a holder of ADSs or common stock (other than an “exempt recipient,” including a corporation, a payee that is not a U.S. person that provides an appropriate certification, and certain other persons).

A payor will be required to withhold backup withholding tax from any payments of dividends on, or the proceeds from the sale or redemption of, ADSs or common stock within the United States or by a U.S. payor or U.S. middleman to a holder, other than an exempt recipient, if such holder fails to furnish its correct taxpayer identification number or otherwise fails to comply with, or establish an exemption from, such backup withholding tax requirements. The backup withholding tax is not an additional tax and may be credited against a U.S. Holder’s regular U.S. federal income tax liability or, if in excess of such liability, refunded by the IRS if a timely refund claim is filed with the IRS.

Information With Respect To Foreign Financial Assets

Certain U.S. Holders may be required to report information with respect to such holder's interest in “specified foreign financial assets” (as defined in Section 6038D of the Code), including stock of a non-U.S. corporation that is not held in an account maintained by certain financial institutions, if the aggregate value of all such assets exceeds certain dollar thresholds. Persons who are required to report specified foreign financial assets and fail to do so may be subject to substantial penalties. U.S. Holders are urged to consult their own tax advisors regarding the foreign financial asset reporting obligations and their possible application to the holding of the ADSs or common shares.

F. DIVIDENDS AND PAYING AGENTS

Not applicable.

G. STATEMENT BY EXPERTS

Not applicable.

H. DOCUMENTS ON DISPLAY

Any material which is filed as an exhibit to this Annual Report on Form 20-F with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission is available for inspection at our offices. See Item 4 “Information on the Company — History and Development of the Company — Profile of Telkom Indonesia”.

I. SUBSIDIARY INFORMATION

Not applicable.

ITEM 11. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURE ABOUT MARKET RISK

We are exposed to market risks that arise from changes in foreign exchange rates and interest rates risk, each of which will have an impact on us. We do not generally hedge our long-term liabilities in foreign currencies but hedge our obligations for the current year. As of December 31, 2017, assets in foreign currencies reached 73% against our liabilities denominated in foreign currencies. Our exposure to interest rate risk is managed through a mix of fixed and variable rate liabilities and assets, including short-term fixed rate assets. Our exposure to such market risks fluctuated during 2015, 2016 and 2017 as the Indonesian economy was affected by changes in the U.S. Dollar to Rupiah exchange rate and interest rates themselves. We are not able to predict whether such conditions will continue during 2018 or thereafter.

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Foreign Exchange Rate Risk

We are exposed to foreign exchange risk on sales, purchases and borrowings that are denominated in foreign currencies, primarily in U.S. Dollar and Japanese Yen. Our exposures to other foreign exchange rates are not material. Increasing risks of foreign currency exchange rates on our obligations are expected to be offset by time deposits and receivables in foreign currencies that are equal to at least 25% of our outstanding current liabilities.

The information presented in the following table is based on assumptions of bid and offer rates in U.S. Dollar, as well as other currencies, which were quoted by Reuters on December 29, 2017 and applied respectively to monetary assets and liabilities. The bid and offer rates as of December 29, 2017 were Rp13,565 and Rp13,570 to US$1.00, respectively.

However, we believe these assumptions and the information described in the following table may be influenced by a number of factors, including a fluctuation and/or depreciation of the Rupiah in the future.

|  | Outstanding Balance |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | as of December 31, 2017 |  | Expected Maturity Date |  |
|  | Foreign |  | Rp |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Fair
|  | Currency |  | Equivalent |  | 2018 |  | 2019 |  | 2020 |  | 2021 |  | 2022 |  | Thereafter |  | Value
|  | (million) |  | (Rp billion) |  | (Rp billion) |  |
ASSETS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash and Cash Equivalents |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. Dollar |  | 154 |  | 2,088 |  | 2,088 |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 2,088
Japanese Yen |  | 7 |  | 1 |  | 1 |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 1
Others(1) |  | 8 |  | 114 |  | 114 |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 114
Other Current Financial Assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. Dollar |  | 28 |  | 384 |  | 384 |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 384
Others(1) |  | 1 |  | 15 |  | 15 |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 15
Trade Receivables |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Related Parties |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. Dollar |  | 3 |  | 41 |  | 41 |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 41
Others(1) |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | —
Third Parties |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. Dollar |  | 71 |  | 968 |  | 968 |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 968
Others(1) |  | 5 |  | 57 |  | 57 |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 57
Other Receivables |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. Dollar |  | 0 |  | 2 |  | 2 |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 2
Others(1) |  | 0 |  | 0 |  | 0 |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 0
Other Current Assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. Dollar |  | 0 |  | 1 |  | 1 |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 1
Others(1) |  | 72 |  | 17 |  | 17 |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 17
Other Non-current Assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. Dollar |  | 4 |  | 58 |  | 58 |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 58
Others(1) |  | 0 |  | 1 |  | 1 |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 1
LIABILITIES |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Trade Payables |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Related Parties |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. Dollar |  | 0 |  | 3 |  | 3 |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 3
Others(1) |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | —
Third Parties |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. Dollar |  | 160 |  | 2,164 |  | 2,164 |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 2,164
Japanese Yen |  | 20 |  | 2 |  | 2 |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 2
Others(1) |  | 7 |  | 61 |  | 61 |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 61
Other Payables |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. Dollar |  | 4 |  | 56 |  | 56 |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 56
Others(1) |  | 7 |  | 93 |  | 93 |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 93
Accrued Expenses |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. Dollar |  | 42 |  | 571 |  | 571 |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 571
Japanese Yen |  | 18 |  | 2 |  | 2 |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 2
Others(1) |  | 1 |  | 11 |  | 11 |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 11
Advances from Customers |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. Dollar |  | 0 |  | 7 |  | 7 |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 7
Current Maturities of Long-term Liabilities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. Dollar |  | 11 |  | 144 |  | 144 |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 174
Japanese Yen |  | 768 |  | 93 |  | 93 |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 109
Others(1) |  | 67 |  | 55 |  | 55 |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 61
Other Liabilities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. Dollar |  | 22 |  | 296 |  | 16 |  | 28 |  | 28 |  | 112 |  | 112 |  | — |  | 296
Long-term liabilites(2) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. Dollar |  | 65 |  | 883 |  | — |  | 267 |  | 226 |  | 210 |  | 180 |  | — |  | 857

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Japanese Yen |  | 4,607 |  | 555 |  | — |  | 93 |  | 93 |  | 92 |  | 92 |  | 185 |  | 547
Others(1) |  | 144 |  | 118 |  | — |  | 54 |  | 32 |  | 6 |  | 5 |  | 21 |  | 125

| (1) |  | Asset and liabilities denominated in other foreign currencies are presented as U.S. Dollar equivalent using the Reuters bid and offer rates prevailing at the end of the reporting period.

| (2) |  | Long-term liabilities for the purpose of this table consist of loans denominated in foreign currencies from two-step loans and long-term bank loans.

Interest Rate Risk

Our exposure to interest rate fluctuations results primarily from changes to the floating rate applied for long-term debt. This risk relates to loans under the Government on-lending program that has been used to finance our capital expenditures. Interest rate fluctuation is monitored to minimize any negative impact to financial position. Borrowings at variable interest rates expose our Company and our subsidiaries to interest rate risk. To measure market risk fluctuations in interest rates, our Company and our subsidiaries primarily use the interest margin and maturity profile of the financial assets and liabilities based on the changing schedule of the interest rate.

The actual cash flows from our debt are denominated in Rupiah, U.S. Dollar, Malaysian Ringgit and Japanese Yen, as appropriate and as indicated in the table. The information presented in the table has been determined based on the following assumptions: (i) fixed interest rates on Rupiah time deposits are based on average interest rates offered for three-month placements in effect as of December 31, 2017 by the banks where such deposits were located; (ii) variable interest rates on Rupiah denominated long-term liabilities are calculated as of December 31, 2017 and are based on contractual terms setting interest rates based on average rates for the preceding six months on three-month certificates issued by Bank Indonesia or based on the average three-month deposit rate offered by the lenders; (iii) fixed interest rates on U.S. Dollar deposits are based on average interest rates offered for three-month placements by the various lending institutions where such deposits are located as of December 31, 2017; and (iv) the value of marketable securities is based on the value of such securities on December 31, 2017. However, these assumptions may change in the future. These assumptions are different from the rates used in our Consolidated Financial Statements; accordingly, amounts shown in the table may differ from the amounts shown in our Consolidated Financial Statements.

|  | Outstanding Balance as of |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | December 31, 2017 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | Original |  | Rupiah |  |  |  | Expected Maturity Date |  | Fair
Interest Rate Risk |  | Currency |  | Equivalent |  | Rate |  | 2018 |  | 2019 |  | 2020 |  | 2021 |  | 2022 |  | Thereafter |  | Value
|  | (in millions) |  | (in billions) |  | (%) |  | (Rp billion) |  |
ASSETS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Fixed Rate |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash and Cash Equivalent |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Time Deposit |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Rupiah |  | 19,332,979 |  | 19,333 |  | 2.85% - 8.50% |  | 19,333 |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 19,333
U.S. Dollar |  | 91 |  | 1,223 |  | 0.40% - 1.75% |  | 1,223 |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 1,223
Malaysian Ringgit |  | 14 |  | 47 |  | 2.70% - 3.50% |  | 47 |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 47
Other Current Financial Assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Time Deposit |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Rupiah |  | 24,963 |  | 25 |  | 6.00% - 7.00% |  | 25 |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 25
U.S. Dollar |  | 22 |  | 300 |  | 1.38% - 1.64% |  | 300 |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 300
Available-for-sale Financial Assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Rupiah |  | 1,168,469 |  | 1,168 |  | 10.40% |  | 1,168 |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 1,168
LIABILITIES |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Short-term Bank Loans |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Variable Rate |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Rupiah |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Principal |  | 2,091,455 |  | 2,092 |  | — |  | 2,092 |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 2,092
Interest |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | —
Fixed Rate |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Rupiah |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Principal |  | 196,949 |  | 197 |  | — |  | 197 |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 197

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Interest |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | —
Long-term Liabilities(1) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Variable Rate |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Rupiah |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Principal |  | 18,211,442 |  | 18,211 |  | — |  | 4,040 |  | 4,032 |  | 3,338 |  | 2,246 |  | 1,564 |  | 2,991 |  | 18,391
Interest |  | 4,339,722 |  | 4,340 |  | 6.48% - 8.99% |  | 1,380 |  | 979 |  | 687 |  | 471 |  | 283 |  | 540 |  | —
U.S. Dollar |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Principal |  | 53 |  | 714 |  | — |  | 33 |  | 183 |  | 166 |  | 166 |  | 166 |  | — |  | 714
Interest |  | 5 |  | 68 |  | 3.04% - 3.34% |  | 23 |  | 20 |  | 14 |  | 8 |  | 3 |  | — |  | —
Malaysian Ringgit |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Principal |  | 52 |  | 174 |  | — |  | 54 |  | 54 |  | 33 |  | 6 |  | 6 |  | 21 |  | 185
Interest |  | 7 |  | 23 |  | 5.95% - 6.31% |  | 9 |  | 6 |  | 3 |  | 2 |  | 1 |  | 2 |  | —
Fixed Rate |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Rupiah |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Principal |  | 9,318,872 |  | 9,319 |  | — |  | 85 |  | 77 |  | 2,041 |  | 38 |  | 2,431 |  | 4,647 |  | 10,389
Interest |  | 9,397,766 |  | 9,398 |  | 5.18% - 13.80% |  | 957 |  | 949 |  | 893 |  | 735 |  | 2,014 |  | 3,850 |  | —
U.S. Dollar |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Principal |  | 23 |  | 313 |  | — |  | 110 |  | 85 |  | 60 |  | 44 |  | 14 |  | — |  | 317
Interest |  | 2 |  | 23 |  | 2.18% - 3.85% |  | 10 |  | 7 |  | 4 |  | 2 |  | 0 |  | — |  | —
Japanese Yen |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Principal |  | 5,375 |  | 648 |  | — |  | 93 |  | 93 |  | 93 |  | 92 |  | 92 |  | 185 |  | 656
Interest |  | 595 |  | 72 |  | 2.95% |  | 18 |  | 16 |  | 13 |  | 10 |  | 8 |  | 7 |  | —
Finance Lease |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Rupiah |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Principal |  | 3,803,548 |  | 3,804 |  | — |  | 794 |  | 744 |  | 699 |  | 668 |  | 548 |  | 351 |  | 3,804
Interest |  | 881,470 |  | 881 |  | 6.65% - 15.00% |  | 289 |  | 225 |  | 167 |  | 110 |  | 56 |  | 34 |  | —

| (1) |  | Long-term liabilities consist of loans which are subject to interest; namely two-step loans, bonds, long-term bank loans and other borrowings, which in each case include their maturities.

ITEM 12. DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES OTHER THAN EQUITY SECURITIES

American Depositary Shares

Bank of New York Mellon Corporation (previously “The Bank of New York”) serves as the “Depositary” for our ADSs, which are traded on the NYSE.

Investors pay a depositary fee directly, or through a broker acting on their behalf, for the delivery or surrender of ADSs for the purpose of withdrawal. The Depositary also collects fees for making distributions to investors by deducting the fee from the amount distributed or by selling a portion of the distributable property to pay the fee. The Depositary may collect its annual fee for depositary services by making a deduction from the cash distributions or by directly billing investors or charging the book-entry system accounts of the parties acting on their behalf. The Depositary may refuse to provide fee-generating services until its bills for such services are paid.

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Costs Related to ADS Issue and Handling

Shareholders depositing or withdrawing ordinary shares or ADS must pay: |  | For:
US$5 (or less) per 100 ADS (or part of 100 ADS). |  | Issuance of ADSs, including issuance resulting from a distribution of shares or rights or other property. Cancellation of ADSs for the purpose of withdrawal, including in case of termination of the deposit agreement.
US$0.02 (or less) per ADS. |  | Any cash payment to registered ADS shareholders.
Up to US$0.05 per ADS. |  | Receiving or distributing dividends.
A fee equivalent to the fee payable if the securities distributed to shareholders had been shares and those shares had been deposited for the issuance of ADS. |  | Delivery of securities by the Depositary to registered ADS shareholders.
US$0.02 (or less) per ADS per calendar year. |  | Depositary services.
Registration or transfer fees. |  | Transfer or registration of shares on the share register to or from the name of the Depositary or its agent when shareholders deposit or withdraw ordinary shares.
Depositary fees. |  | Telegram, telex and fax transmissions (if provided for in the deposit agreement). Converting foreign currency to U.S. Dollars.
Taxes and other duties levied by the government, the Depositary or the custodian upon payment of the ADSs or other shares underlying the ADSs, such as share transfer tax, stamp duty or income tax. |  | As necessary.
Any costs incurred by the Depositary or its agent for servicing the securities deposited. |  | As necessary.

We entered into a new agreement with the Depositary in 2016 pursuant to which the Depositary agreed to reimburse us up to US$1.0 million in 2016 and up to US$850,000 in each of the subsequent six years for certain expenses we incur in relation to the administration and maintenance of the ADS facility, including, but not limited to, investor relations expenses, legal fees and disbursements and other ADS program-related expenses. The reimbursement will be adjusted if the Depositary’s collection of dividend fees and the number of ADSs outstanding falls below a stipulated minimum. In 2017, we received reimbursement of approximately US$ 715,807.47 from the depositary for such expenses.

The Depositary did not waive, or pay directly to third parties on our behalf, any expenses relating to the year ended December 31, 2017.

PART II

ITEM 13. DEFAULTS, DIVIDEND ARREARAGES AND DELINQUENCIES

There are no defaults, dividend arrearages and delinquencies to which this Item applies.

ITEM 14. MATERIAL MODIFICATIONS TO THE RIGHTS OF SECURITY HOLDERS AND USE OF PROCEEDS

Not applicable.

ITEM 15. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

A. DISCLOSURE CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Management conducted an evaluation on the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures under the supervision and with the participation of management, including the President Director, which is of the same level as CEO and Director of Finance, which is the same level as CFO (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under

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the Securities Exchange Act). Based on this evaluation, the CEO and CFO have concluded that, as of December 31, 2017, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective. Disclosure controls and procedures conducted by management include controls and procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in reports filed or submitted under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including the CEO and CFO, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

B. MANAGEMENT’S REPORT ON INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING

Management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f). The internal control over financial reporting is a process designed by, or under the supervision of, the CEO and CFO, and executed by the Board of Directors, management and other personnel, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of consolidated financial statements for external purposes in accordance with IFRS as issued by the IASB, and includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of our Company’s, (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of consolidated financial statements in accordance with IFRS as issued by the IASB, and that receipts and expenditures of our Company’s are being made only in accordance with authorizations of our management and Board of Directors, and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of our Company’s assets that could have a material effect on the Consolidated Financial Statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect all misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

Management has assessed the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2017. In making this assessment, management used the criteria s et forth in Internal Control – Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (“COSO”) (2013 framework). Based on this assessment, management concluded that as of December 31, 2017, our internal control over financial reporting was effective.

C. ATTESTATION REPORT OF THE REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

The effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2017 has been audited by KAP Purwantono, Sungkoro & Surja, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their report which is included in the Consolidated Financial Statements.

D. CHANGES IN INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING

There have been no significant changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the most recently completed fiscal year that would materially affect or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

We are committed to continual improvements in internal control processes, and will continue to review and monitor the control over financial reporting and its procedures in order to ensure compliance with the requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and related regulations as stipulated by COSO. We will also continue to assign significant company resources from time to time to improve our internal control over financial reporting.

ITEM 16A. AUDIT COMMITTEE FINANCIAL EXPERT

The Board of Commissioners has determined that Mr. Tjatur Purwadi, the secretary of the Audit Committee, qualifies as an Audit Committee Financial Expert in accordance with the requirements of Item 16A of Form 20-F and as

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an "independent" member in accordance with the provisions of Rule 10A-3 under the Exchange Act. Mr. Purwadi has been a member of our Audit Committee since March 2014. Mr. Purwadi previously served as Director of Assurance at KAP Tanudiredja, Wibisana, Rintis & Partners (formerly Tanudiredja, Wibisana & Partners) (a member firm of the PwC global network) from 2012 to 2013. Prior to that, he served at our Company since 1979 where he rose to become Vice-President of Financial and Logistics Policy and Head of Internal Audit.

ITEM 16B. CODE OF ETHICS

In compliance with Section 406 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, our code of ethics applies equally to our Commissioners, our President Director and our Director of Finance (positions equivalent to Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, respectively), Directors and other key officers as well as all of our employees. You may view our code of ethics on our website at https://www.telkom.co.id/servlet/tk/about/en_US/stockdetail/code-of-ethics-and-corporate-culture.html. Amendments to or waivers from the code of ethics will be posted on our website as well. Information contained on that website is not a part of this annual report on Form 20-F. Copies of our code of ethics may also be obtained at no charge by writing to our Investor Relations Unit at Telkom Landmark Tower, 39 th Floor, Jl. Gatot Subroto No.52, Jakarta 12710, Indonesia.

ITEM 16C. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES

In line with existing procedures and taking into consideration the independence and qualifications of independent auditors, at our AGMS on April 21, 2017, we appointed KAP Purwantono, Sungkoro & Surja (formerly Purwantono, Suherman & Surja) (a member firm of Ernst & Young Global Limited), a registered KAP with the OJK, to perform the audit on our consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2017 and on the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2017. The fee for the audit for 2017 was agreed at Rp43.7 billion (excluding VAT).

KAP Purwantono, Sungkoro & Surja has been our public accountant since 2012.

KAP Purwantono, Sungkoro & Surja is also assigned to perform an audit of funds utilization of the Partnership and Community Development Program (“PKBL”) for 2017.

FEES AND SERVICES OF THE EXTERNAL AUDITOR

The following table summarizes the fees for audit services in 2015, 2016 and 2017:

|  | For Years Ended on December 31,
|  | 2015 |  | 2016 |  | 2017
|  | (Rp million) |  | (Rp million) |  | (Rp million)
Audit Fee |  | 39,943 |  | 36,655 |  | 41,618
All Other Fees |  | 400 |  | 1,405 |  | 2,042

AUDIT COMMITTEE PRE-APPROVAL POLICIES AND PROCEDURES

We have adopted pre-approval policies and procedures under which all non-audit services provided by our independent registered public accounting firm must be pre-approved by our Audit Committee, as set forth in the Audit Committee Charter. Pursuant to the charter, permissible non-audit services may be performed by our independent registered public accounting firm provided that: (i) our Board of Directors must deliver to the Audit Committee (through the Board of Commissioners) a detailed description of the non-audit service that is to be performed by the independent public accounting firm, and (ii) the Audit Committee will determine whether the proposed non-audit service will affect the independence of our independent public accounting firm or would give rise to any conflict of interest.

Pursuant to Section 10(i)(1)(B) of the Exchange Act and paragraph (c)(7)(i)(C) of Rule 2-01 of Regulation S-X issued there under, our Audit Committee Charter waives the pre-approval requirement for permissible non-audit services where: (i) the aggregate amount of the fees for such non-audit services constitutes no more than 5% percent of the total

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amount of fees paid by us to our independent registered public accounting firm during the year in which the services are provided; or (ii) the proposed services are not regarded as non-audit services at the time the contract to perform the engagement is signed. In addition to these two requirements, the performance of non-audit services must be approved prior to the completion of the audit by a member of the Audit Committee who has been delegated pre-approval authority by the full Audit Committee, or by the full Audit Committee itself.

ITEM 16D. EXEMPTIONS FROM THE LISTING STANDARDS FOR AUDIT COMMITTEES

The NYSE listing standards require that a United States listed company must have an audit committee, a nominating/corporate governance committee and a compensation committee. Each of these committees must consist solely of independent directors and must have a written charter that addresses certain matters specified in the listing standards.

The Indonesian Company Law does not require Indonesian public companies to form any of the committees described in the NYSE listing standards. However, the OJK Audit Committee Regulation and IDX Regulation No.1-A require the board of commissioners of a public company which is listed on the IDX (such as our Company) to establish an audit committee which is chaired by an independent commissioner. In addition, the OJK Audit Committee Regulation requires each member of such audit committee to be either an independent commissioner or external independent member, with the audit committee comprised of at least three members with at least one independent commissioner and one external independent member and at least one member of the audit committee having expertise in accounting or finance.

The NYSE listing standards, as required by Rule 10A-3(c)(3) of the Exchange Act require foreign private issuers whose shares are listed on the NYSE to have an audit committee comprised of independent directors. However, such foreign private issuers may be exempted from the independence requirement if: (i) the home country government or stock exchange requires the company to have an audit committee; (ii) the audit committee is separate from the board of directors and includes non-board members as in our case, members from the Board of Commissioners; (iii) the audit committee members are not selected by management and no executive officer of the company is a member of the audit committee; (iv) the home country government or stock exchange requires the audit committee to be independent of the company’s management; and (v) the audit committee is responsible for the appointment, retention and oversight of the work of external auditors. We avail ourselves of this exemption and document this on our Section 303A Annual Written Affirmations submitted to the NYSE. However, unlike the NYSE listing standards requirements, according to the current regulations relating to audit committees in Indonesia, our Audit Committee does not have direct responsibility for the appointment, compensation and retention of an external auditor. Our Audit Committee may only recommend the appointment of an external auditor to the Board of Commissioners and the Board of Commissioner’s decision must have the approval of the shareholders.

Our Audit Committee has six members: three Independent Commissioners, one Commissioners and two external independent members who are not affiliated with our Company.

Not all members of our Audit Committee are independent directors as required by Rule 10A-3 of the Exchange Act. We rely on the general exemption under Rule 10A-3(c)(3) regarding the composition of our Audit Committee. We believe that our reliance on this exemption does not materially and adversely affect the ability of our Audit Committee to act independently.

Further, we believe that the intent of the provision which requires each member of an audit committee to be an independent director is to ensure that the audit committee is independent from influence by management and provides a forum separate from management in which auditors and other interested parties can candidly discuss concerns. The OJK Audit Committee Regulation requires each member of an audit committee to be either an independent commissioner or external independent member. Such external independent member(s) is/are, in effect, independent not only of management but also of the Board of Commissioners, the Board of Directors and our Company as a whole. We therefore believe that the standard established by the OJK Audit Committee Regulation is at least equally effective in ensuring the ability of an audit committee to act independently.

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ITEM 16E. PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES BY THE ISSUER AND AFFILIATED PURCHASERS

Not applicable.

ITEM 16F. CHANGE IN REGISTRANT’S CERTIFYING ACCOUNTANT

Not applicable.

ITEM 16G. CORPORATE GOVERNANCE

The following is a summary of significant differences between the corporate governance practices followed by Indonesian companies and those required by NYSE listing standards for domestic United States issuers.

A. OVERVIEW OF INDONESIAN LAW

Indonesian public companies are required to observe and comply with certain good corporate governance practices. The requirements and the standards for good corporate governance practices for public companies are embodied in the following regulations: the Indonesian Company Law; the Indonesian Capital Market Law; the Indonesian Law on SOEs; Regulation of the Minister of State-Owned Enterprises No.PER-09/MBU/2012 on Amendment of Regulation of the Minister of State-Owned Enterprises No.PER-01/MBU/2011 on the Implementation of Good Corporate Governance to State-Owned Enterprises; OJK regulations; and IDX rules. In addition to the above, the articles of association of public companies incorporate provisions directing the implementation of good corporate governance practices.

Similar to the laws of the United States, Indonesian laws require public companies to observe and comply with corporate governance standards that are more stringent than those applied to privately-owned companies. In Indonesia, the term “public company” does not necessarily refer to a company whose shares are listed on a securities exchange. Under the Indonesian Capital Markets Law, a non-listed company may be deemed a public company, and subjected to the laws and regulations governing public companies, if such company meets or exceeds the capital and shareholder requirements applicable to a publicly-listed company.

On November 30, 2004, the National Committee on Governance (“NCG”) was established pursuant to the Decree of the Coordinating Minister for Economic Affairs No.KEP.49/M.EKONOM/1/2004 (“KEP.49”), which was formed to revitalize the former National Committee on Good Corporate Governance established in 1999. The NCG aims to enhance the comprehension and implementation of good governance in Indonesia and advises the Government on governance issues, both in public and corporate sectors. Furthermore, based on Decree of the Coordinating Minister for Economic Affairs No.KEP-14/M.EKON/03/2008, dated March 18, 2008 (“KEP.14”), KEP.49 was revoked. Therefore, any working results which have been made by the Committee operating under KEP.49, will be delivered and continued pursuant to KEP.14.

The NCG formulated the Code for Good Corporate Governance 2006 (the “GCG Code”) which recommended setting more stringent corporate governance standards for Indonesian companies, such as the appointment of independent commissioners and nomination and remuneration committees by the board of commissioners, as well as increasing the scope of disclosure obligations for Indonesian companies. Although the NCG recommended that the GCG Code be adopted by the Government as a basis for legal reform, as of the date of this Annual Report, the Government has not enacted regulations that fully implement the provisions of the GCG Code.

In 2014, the OJK issued the Indonesia Corporate Governance Roadmap, which provides for recommendations for Indonesian issuers and public companies to implement certain corporate governance standards, such as procedures with respect to conduct of EGMS and nominations of directors and commissioners.

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B. COMPOSITION OF INDEPENDENT BOARD OF DIRECTORS AND BOARD OF COMMISSIONERS

The NYSE listing standards provide that the board of directors of a United States listed company must consist of a majority of independent directors and that certain committees must consist solely of independent directors. A director qualifies as independent only if the board affirmatively determines that the director has no material relationship with the company, either directly or indirectly.

Unlike companies incorporated in the United States, the management of an Indonesian company consists of two organs of equal stature, the board of directors and the board of commissioners. Generally, the board of directors is responsible for the day-to-day business activities of the company and is authorized to act for and on behalf of the company, while the board of commissioners has the authority and responsibility to supervise the board of directors and is statutorily mandated to provide advice to the board of directors by the Indonesian Company Law.

The Indonesian Company Law requires the board of commissioners of a public company to have at least two members. Although the Indonesian Company Law is silent as to the composition of the board of commissioners, IDX Regulation I-A states that at least 30% of the members of the board of commissioners of a public company (such as our Company) must be independent.

The Indonesian Company Law provides that the board of directors of a listed company has the authority to manage the daily operations of the company and must have at least two members, each of whom must meet the minimum qualification requirements set forth in the Indonesian Company Law. In addition, based on IDX Regulation I-A, the board of directors of the listed company must consist of at least one independent director.

Given the difference between the role of the members of the board of directors in an Indonesian company and that of their counterparts in a United States company, Indonesian law does not require that certain members of the board of directors must be independent and neither does it require the creation of certain committees composed entirely of independent directors.

C. COMMITTEES

See Item 16D “Exemptions from the Listing Standards for Audit Committees”.

D. DISCLOSURE REGARDING CORPORATE GOVERNANCE

The NYSE listing standards require United States companies to adopt, and post on their websites, a set of corporate governance guidelines. The guidelines must address, among other things: director qualification standards, director responsibilities, director access to management and independent advisors, director compensation, director orientation and continuing education, management succession, and an annual performance evaluation itself. In addition, the CEO of a United States company must certify to the NYSE annually that he or she is not aware of any violations by the company of the NYSE’s corporate governance listing standards. The certification must be disclosed in our Annual Report to shareholders. Indonesian law does not have disclosure requirements similar to NYSE listing standards. However, the Indonesian Capital Markets Law generally requires Indonesian public companies to disclose certain types of information to shareholders and to the OJK, particularly information relating to changes in the public company’s shareholdings and material facts that may affect the decision of shareholders to maintain their share ownership in such public company.

E. CODE OF BUSINESS CONDUCT AND ETHICS

The NYSE listing standards require each United States listed company to adopt, and post on its website, a code of business conduct and ethics for its directors, officers and employees. There is no similar requirement under Indonesian law. However, companies that are required to file or furnish reports to the SEC must disclose in their Annual Reports whether they have adopted a code of ethics for their senior financial officers. Although the requirements as to the contents of the code of ethics under SEC rules are not identical to those set forth in the NYSE listing standards, there are significant

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similarities in which under SEC rules, the code of ethics must be designed to promote: (a) honest and ethical conduct, including the handling of conflicts of interest between personal and professional relationships; (b) full, fair, accurate and timely disclosure in reports and documents filed with or submitted to the SEC; (c) compliance with applicable laws and regulations; (d) prompt internal reporting of violations of the code and (e) accountability for adherence to the code. Furthermore, shareholders must be given access to physical or electronic copies of the code.

ITEM 16H. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURE

Not applicable.

PART III

ITEM 17. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

We have responded to Item 18 in lieu of this Item.

ITEM 18. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

See pages F‑1 through F‑141.

ITEM 19. EXHIBITS

The following exhibits are filed as part of this Form 20‑F:

1.1 |  | Articles of Association (as amended on April 21, 2017)
12.1 |  | Certification of the Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a‑14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and 15 U.S.C. Section 7241, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
12.2 |  | Certification of the Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a‑14(a) of the Securities Exchange act of 1934 and 15 U.S.C. Section 7241, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
13.1 |  | Certification of the Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a‑14(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
13.2 |  | Certification of the Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a‑14(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
101.INS |  | XBRL Instance Document
101.SCH |  | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CAL |  | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.DEF |  | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
101.LAB |  | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
101.PRE |  | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Label Linkbase Document

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirement of Section 12 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the Registrant hereby certifies that it meets all the requirement for filing on Form 20‑F and that is has duly caused and authorized the undersigned to sign this Form 20‑F on its behalf.

PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA TBK

Jakarta, April 9, 2018

By: | /s/ Alex J. Sinaga |
| Alex J. Sinaga |
| President Director / Chief Executive Officer |

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Perusahaan Perseroan (Persero)

PT Telekomunikasi Indonesia Tbk and subsidiaries

Consolidated financial statements with report of

independent registered public accounting firm as of

December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

years ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

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Statement of the Board of Directors

regarding the Board of Director’s Responsibility for

Consolidated financial statements

as of December 31, 2017 and for the year then ended

Perusahaan Perseroan (Persero) PT Telekomunikasi Indonesia Tbk and its Subsidiaries

On behalf of the Board of Directors, we undersigned:

1. Name | : Alex J. Sinaga
Business address | : Jl. Japati No.1 Bandung 40133
Address | : Jl. Anggrek Nelimurni B-70 No. 38 Kelurahan Kemanggisan
| Kecamatan Palmerah, Jakarta Barat
Phone | : (022) 452 7101
Position | : President Director
2. Name | : Harry M. Zen
Business address | : Jl. Japati No.1 Bandung 40133
Address | : Jl. Zeni AD VI No. 4 Kelurahan Rawajati
| Kecamatan Pancoran, Jakarta Selatan
Phone | : (022) 452 7201/ 021 520 9824
Position | : Director of Finance

We hereby state as follows:

| 1. |  | We are responsible for the preparation and presentation of the consolidated financial statement of PT Telekomunikasi Indonesia Tbk (the “Company”) and its subsidiaries;

| 2. |  | The Company and its subsidiaries’ consolidated financial statement have been prepared and presented in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards;

| 3. |  | All information has been fully and correctly disclosed in the Company and its subsidiaries’ consolidated financial statement;

| 4. |  | The Company and its subsidiaries’ consolidated financial statement do not contain false material information or facts, nor do they omit any material information or facts;

| 5. |  | We are responsible for the Company and its subsidiaries’ internal control system.

This statement is considered to be true and correct.

Jakarta, April 6, 2018

Alex J. Sinaga | Harry M. Zen
President Director | Director of Finance

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PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS WITH REPORT OF

INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2016 AND 2017 AND FOR THE

YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2015, 2016 AND 2017

Table of Contents

|  | Page
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm |  |
Consolidated Statements of Financial Position |  | F‑1
Consolidated Statements of Profit or Loss and Other Comprehensive Income |  | F‑2
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity |  | F‑3 – F‑5
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows |  | F‑6
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements |  | F‑7 – F‑141

Table of Contents

| Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

Report No. RPC-6124/PSS/2018

To the Shareholders, the Boards of Commissioners and Directors of

Perusahaan Perseroan (Persero) PT Telekomunikasi Indonesia Tbk

Opinion on the Financial Statements

We have audited the accompanying consolidated statements of financial position of Perusahaan Perseroan (Persero) PT Telekomunikasi Indonesia Tbk and subsidiaries (the Company) as of December 31, 2017 and 2016, the related consolidated statements of profit or loss and other comprehensive income, changes in equity and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2017, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the “consolidated financial statements”). In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company at December 31, 2017 and 2016, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2017, in conformity with International Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2017, based on criteria established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (2013 framework) and our report dated April 6, 2018 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.

Basis for Opinion

These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

/s/ Purwantono, Sungkoro & Surja

We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2012.

Jakarta, Indonesia

April 6, 2018

Table of Contents

| Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

Report No. RPC-6125/PSS/2018

To the Shareholders, the Boards of Commissioners and Directors of

Perusahaan Perseroan (Persero) PT Telekomunikasi Indonesia Tbk

Opinion on Internal Control over Financial Reporting

We have audited Perusahaan Perseroan (Persero) PT Telekomunikasi Indonesia Tbk and subsidiaries’ internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2017, based on criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (2013 framework) (the COSO criteria). In our opinion, Perusahaan Perseroan (Persero) PT Telekomunikasi Indonesia Tbk and subsidiaries (the Company) maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2017, based on the COSO criteria.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the consolidated statements of financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2017 and 2016, the related consolidated statements of profit or loss and other comprehensive income, changes in equity and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2017, and the related notes and our report dated April 6, 2018 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.

Basis for Opinion

The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting included in the accompanying Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects.

Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

Table of Contents

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm (continued)

Report No. RPC-6125/PSS/2018 (continued)

Definition and Limitations of Internal Control over Financial Reporting

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

/s/ Purwantono, Sungkoro & Surja

Jakarta, Indonesia

April 6, 2018

Table of Contents

PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL POSITION

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah and millions of U.S. dollar)

|  |  |  | 2016 |  | 2017
|  | Notes |  | Rp |  | Rp |  | US$ (Note 3)
ASSETS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
CURRENT ASSETS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents |  | 2c,2e,2t,4,31,35 |  | 29,767 |  | 25,145 |  | 1,853
Other current financial assets |  | 2c,2e,2t,5,31,35 |  | 1,471 |  | 2,173 |  | 160
Trade and other receivables |  | 2c,2g,2t,2aa,6,31,35 |  | 7,900 |  | 9,564 |  | 705
Inventories |  | 2h,7 |  | 584 |  | 631 |  | 47
Prepaid income taxes |  | 2s,28 |  | 109 |  | 22 |  | 2
Prepaid other taxes |  | 2s,28 |  | 2,621 |  | 2,833 |  | 209
Assets held for sale |  | 2j,10 |  | 3 |  | 10 |  | 1
Other current assets |  | 2c,2i,2m,8,31 |  | 5,246 |  | 7,183 |  | 529
Total Current Assets |  |  |  | 47,701 |  | 47,561 |  | 3,506
NON-CURRENT ASSETS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Long-term investments |  | 2f,9 |  | 1,847 |  | 2,148 |  | 158
Property and equipment |  | 2c,2l,2m,2z,2aa,10,31,33 |  | 114,230 |  | 129,872 |  | 9,572
Prepaid pension benefit cost |  | 2r,29 |  | 199 |  | — |  | —
Intangible assets |  | 2d,2k,2z,12 |  | 3,089 |  | 3,530 |  | 260
Deferred tax assets |  | 2s,28 |  | 769 |  | 2,804 |  | 207
Other non-current assets |  | 2c,2g,2i,2m,2s,2t,11,28,31,35 |  | 11,508 |  | 12,270 |  | 904
Total Non-current Assets |  |  |  | 131,642 |  | 150,624 |  | 11,101
TOTAL ASSETS |  |  |  | 179,343 |  | 198,185 |  | 14,607
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
CURRENT LIABILITIES |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Trade and other payables |  | 2c,2n,2t,13,31,35 |  | 13,690 |  | 15,791 |  | 1,164
Current income tax liabilities |  | 2s,28 |  | 1,236 |  | 801 |  | 59
Other tax liabilities |  | 2s,28 |  | 1,718 |  | 1,989 |  | 146
Accrued expenses |  | 2c,2t,2y,14,31,35 |  | 11,283 |  | 12,630 |  | 931
Unearned income |  | 2q,15 |  | 5,563 |  | 5,427 |  | 400
Advances from customers |  | 2c,31 |  | 840 |  | 1,240 |  | 91
Short-term bank loans and current maturities of long-term borrowings |  | 2c,2m,2o,2t,16,31,35 |  | 5,432 |  | 7,498 |  | 553
Total Current Liabilities |  |  |  | 39,762 |  | 45,376 |  | 3,344
NON-CURRENT LIABILITIES |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Deferred tax liabilities |  | 2s,28 |  | 745 |  | 933 |  | 69
Unearned income |  | 2q,15 |  | 425 |  | 524 |  | 39
Long service award provisions |  | 2r,2aa,30 |  | 613 |  | 758 |  | 56
Pension and other post-employment benefit obligations |  | 2r,2aa,29 |  | 6,126 |  | 10,195 |  | 751
Long-term loans and other borrowings |  | 2c,2m,2o,2t,17,31,35 |  | 26,367 |  | 27,974 |  | 2,062
Other liabilities |  |  |  | 29 |  | 594 |  | 44
Total Non-current Liabilities |  |  |  | 34,305 |  | 40,978 |  | 3,021
TOTAL LIABILITIES |  |  |  | 74,067 |  | 86,354 |  | 6,365
EQUITY |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Capital stock |  | 1c,19 |  | 5,040 |  | 5,040 |  | 371
Additional paid-in capital |  | 2u,20 |  | 4,453 |  | 4,453 |  | 328
Treasury stock |  | 2u,21 |  | (2,541) |  | (2,541) |  | (187)
Retained earnings |  |  |  | 77,033 |  | 85,285 |  | 6,286
Other reserves |  | 2f,2t,22,35 |  | 178 |  | 230 |  | 17
Net equity attributable to owners of the parent company |  |  |  | 84,163 |  | 92,467 |  | 6,815
Non-controlling interests |  | 2b,18 |  | 21,113 |  | 19,364 |  | 1,427
TOTAL EQUITY |  |  |  | 105,276 |  | 111,831 |  | 8,242
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND EQUITY |  |  |  | 179,343 |  | 198,185 |  | 14,607

The accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements form an integral part of these consolidated financial statements taken as a whole.

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PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF PROFIT OR LOSS AND OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

For the Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah and millions of U.S. dollar,

unless otherwise stated)

|  |  |  | 2015 |  | 2016 |  | 2017
|  | Notes |  | Rp |  | Rp |  | Rp |  | US$ (Note 3)
REVENUES |  | 2c,2q,24,31 |  | 102,470 |  | 116,333 |  | 128,256 |  | 9,453
Operation, maintenance and telecommunication service expenses |  | 2c,2q,26,31 |  | (28,116) |  | (31,263) |  | (36,603) |  | (2,698)
Depreciation and amortization |  | 2k,2l,2m,2z,2aa,10,12 |  | (18,572) |  | (18,556) |  | (20,477) |  | (1,509)
Personnel expenses |  | 2c,2q,2r,25,29,30,31 |  | (11,885) |  | (13,612) |  | (13,529) |  | (997)
Marketing expenses |  | 2q |  | (3,275) |  | (4,132) |  | (5,268) |  | (388)
General and administrative expenses |  | 2c,2q,27,31 |  | (4,204) |  | (4,610) |  | (5,260) |  | (388)
Interconnection expenses |  | 2c,2q,31 |  | (3,586) |  | (3,218) |  | (2,987) |  | (220)
Gain (loss) on foreign exchange - net |  | 2p |  | (46) |  | (52) |  | 51 |  | 4
Other income |  | 2l,2q,10 |  | 1,500 |  | 751 |  | 1,039 |  | 77
Other expenses |  | 2q,10 |  | (1,917) |  | (2,469) |  | (1,320) |  | (97)
OPERATING PROFIT |  |  |  | 32,369 |  | 39,172 |  | 43,902 |  | 3,237
Finance income |  | 2c,2q,31 |  | 1,407 |  | 1,716 |  | 1,434 |  | 106
Finance costs |  | 2c,2o,2q,31 |  | (2,481) |  | (2,810) |  | (2,769) |  | (205)
Share of profit (loss) of associated companies |  | 2f,9 |  | (2) |  | 88 |  | 61 |  | 6
PROFIT BEFORE INCOME TAX |  |  |  | 31,293 |  | 38,166 |  | 42,628 |  | 3,144
INCOME TAX (EXPENSE) BENEFIT |  | 2s,2aa,28 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Current |  |  |  | (8,365) |  | (10,738) |  | (11,357) |  | (837)
Deferred |  |  |  | 342 |  | 1,721 |  | 1,399 |  | 103
Net Income Tax Expense |  |  |  | (8,023) |  | (9,017) |  | (9,958) |  | (734)
PROFIT FOR THE YEAR |  |  |  | 23,270 |  | 29,149 |  | 32,670 |  | 2,410
OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Other comprehensive income to be reclassified to profit or loss in subsequent periods: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Foreign currency translation |  | 2p,22 |  | 128 |  | (40) |  | 24 |  | 2
Net gain (loss) on available-for-sale financial assets |  | 2t,22 |  | (1) |  | 0 |  | 20 |  | 2
Share of other comprehensive income of associated companies |  | 2f,9 |  | (2) |  | (1) |  | (1) |  | (0)
Other comprehensive income not to be reclassified to profit or loss in subsequent periods: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Defined benefit plan actuarial gain (loss) - net of tax |  | 2r,29 |  | 368 |  | (2,058) |  | (2,375) |  | (175)
Other Comprehensive Income - net |  |  |  | 493 |  | (2,099) |  | (2,332) |  | (171)
NET COMPREHENSIVE INCOME FOR THE YEAR |  |  |  | 23,763 |  | 27,050 |  | 30,338 |  | 2,239
Profit for the year attributable to: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Owners of the parent company |  | 23 |  | 15,451 |  | 19,333 |  | 22,120 |  | 1,631
Non-controlling interests |  | 2b, 18 |  | 7,819 |  | 9,816 |  | 10,550 |  | 779
|  |  |  | 23,270 |  | 29,149 |  | 32,670 |  | 2,410
Net comprehensive income for the year attributable to: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Owners of the parent company |  | 23 |  | 16,003 |  | 17,312 |  | 19,927 |  | 1,470
Non-controlling interests |  | 2b,18 |  | 7,760 |  | 9,738 |  | 10,411 |  | 769
|  |  |  | 23,763 |  | 27,050 |  | 30,338 |  | 2,239
BASIC AND DILUTED EARNINGS PER SHARE (in full amount) |  | 2w,23 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Profit per share |  |  |  | 157.38 |  | 195.99 |  | 223.30 |  | 0.02
Profit per ADS (100 Series B shares per ADS) |  |  |  | 15,738.00 |  | 19,599.85 |  | 22,329.40 |  | 1.65

The accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements form an integral part of these consolidated financial statements taken as a whole.

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PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN EQUITY

For the Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah)

|  |  |  | Attributable to owners of the parent company |  |  |  |
|  |  |  | Capital |  | Additional |  | Treasury |  | Retained |  | Other |  |  |  | Non-controlling |  | Total
Description |  | Notes |  | stock |  | paid-in capital |  | stock |  | earnings |  | reserves |  | Net |  | interests |  | equity
Balance, December 31, 2014 |  |  |  | 5,040 |  | 2,421 |  | (3,836) |  | 63,798 |  | 223 |  | 67,646 |  | 18,286 |  | 85,932
Net comprehensive income for the year |  | 2b |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Profit for the year |  |  |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 15,451 |  | — |  | 15,451 |  | 7,819 |  | 23,270
Other comprehensive income |  | 2f,2p,2r,2t |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 427 |  | 125 |  | 552 |  | (59) |  | 493
Net comprehensive income for the year |  |  |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 15,878 |  | 125 |  | 16,003 |  | 7,760 |  | 23,763
Transactions with owners recorded directly in equity |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash dividends |  | 2v,19 |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | (8,783) |  | — |  | (8,783) |  | (7,831) |  | (16,614)
Sale of treasury stock |  | 2u,20,21 |  | — |  | 36 |  | 32 |  | — |  | — |  | 68 |  | — |  | 68
Issuance of new shares of subsidiaries |  | 1d |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 5 |  | 5
Acquisition of a business |  | 1d |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 29 |  | 29
Net transactions with owners |  |  |  | — |  | 36 |  | 32 |  | (8,783) |  | — |  | (8,715) |  | (7,797) |  | (16,512)
Balance, December 31, 2015 |  |  |  | 5,040 |  | 2,457 |  | (3,804) |  | 70,893 |  | 348 |  | 74,934 |  | 18,249 |  | 93,183

The accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements form an integral part of these consolidated financial statements taken as a whole.

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PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN EQUITY (continued)

For the Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah)

|  |  |  | Attributable to owners of the parent company |  |  |  |
|  |  |  | Capital |  | Additional |  | Treasury |  | Retained |  | Other |  |  |  | Non-controlling |  | Total
Description |  | Notes |  | stock |  | paid-in capital |  | stock |  | earnings |  | reserves |  | Net |  | interests |  | equity
Balance, December 31, 2015 |  |  |  | 5,040 |  | 2,457 |  | (3,804) |  | 70,893 |  | 348 |  | 74,934 |  | 18,249 |  | 93,183
Net comprehensive income for the year |  | 2b |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Profit for the year |  |  |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 19,333 |  | — |  | 19,333 |  | 9,816 |  | 29,149
Other comprehensive income |  | 2f,2p,2r,2t |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | (1,980) |  | (41) |  | (2,021) |  | (78) |  | (2,099)
Net comprehensive income for the year |  |  |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 17,353 |  | (41) |  | 17,312 |  | 9,738 |  | 27,050
Transactions with owners recorded directly in equity |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash dividends |  | 2v,19 |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | (11,213) |  | — |  | (11,213) |  | (7,058) |  | (18,271)
Sale of treasury stock |  | 2u,20,21 |  | — |  | 1,996 |  | 1,263 |  | — |  | — |  | 3,259 |  | — |  | 3,259
Issuance of new shares of a subsidiary |  | 1d |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 183 |  | 183
Acquisition of a business |  | 1d |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 10 |  | 10
Acquisition of non-controlling interests |  | 1d |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | (129) |  | (129) |  | (9) |  | (138)
Net transactions with owners |  |  |  | — |  | 1,996 |  | 1,263 |  | (11,213) |  | (129) |  | (8,083) |  | (6,874) |  | (14,957)
Balance, December 31, 2016 |  |  |  | 5,040 |  | 4,453 |  | (2,541) |  | 77,033 |  | 178 |  | 84,163 |  | 21,113 |  | 105,276

The accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements form an integral part of these consolidated financial statements taken as a whole.

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PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN EQUITY (continued)

For the Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah)

|  |  |  | Attributable to owners of the parent company |  |  |  |
|  |  |  | Capital |  | Additional |  | Treasury |  | Retained |  | Other |  |  |  | Non-controlling |  | Total
Description |  | Notes |  | stock |  | paid-in capital |  | stock |  | earnings |  | reserves |  | Net |  | interests |  | equity
Balance, December 31, 2016 |  |  |  | 5,040 |  | 4,453 |  | (2,541) |  | 77,033 |  | 178 |  | 84,163 |  | 21,113 |  | 105,276
Net comprehensive income for the year |  | 2b |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Profit for the year |  |  |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 22,120 |  | — |  | 22,120 |  | 10,550 |  | 32,670
Other comprehensive income |  | 2f,2p,2r,2t |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | (2,241) |  | 48 |  | (2,193) |  | (139) |  | (2,332)
Net comprehensive income for the year |  |  |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 19,879 |  | 48 |  | 19,927 |  | 10,411 |  | 30,338
Transactions with owners recorded directly in equity |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash dividends |  | 2v,19 |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | (11,627) |  | — |  | (11,627) |  | (12,355) |  | (23,982)
Acquisition of businesses |  | 1d |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 4 |  | 4 |  | 145 |  | 149
Issuance of new shares of subsidiaries |  | 1d |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 50 |  | 50
Net transactions with owners |  |  |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | (11,627) |  | 4 |  | (11,623) |  | (12,160) |  | (23,783)
Balance, December 31, 2017 |  |  |  | 5,040 |  | 4,453 |  | (2,541) |  | 85,285 |  | 230 |  | 92,467 |  | 19,364 |  | 111,831

The accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements form an integral part of these consolidated financial statements taken as a whole.

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PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

For the Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah and millions of U.S. dollar)

|  | Notes |  | 2015 |  | 2016 |  | 2017
|  |  |  | Rp |  | Rp |  | Rp |  | US$ (Note 3)
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash receipts from: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Customers |  |  |  | 98,002 |  | 113,288 |  | 117,719 |  | 8,677
Other operators |  |  |  | 2,700 |  | 2,828 |  | 7,392 |  | 545
Total cash receipts from customers and other operators |  |  |  | 100,702 |  | 116,116 |  | 125,111 |  | 9,222
Cash receipts from finance income |  |  |  | 1,386 |  | 1,736 |  | 1,431 |  | 105
Cash receipts from tax refund |  |  |  | — |  | — |  | 585 |  | 43
Cash payments for expenses |  |  |  | (35,922) |  | (42,433) |  | (49,604) |  | (3,656)
Cash payments for corporate and final income taxes |  |  |  | (9,299) |  | (11,304) |  | (11,846) |  | (873)
Cash payments to employees |  |  |  | (10,940) |  | (11,207) |  | (11,739) |  | (865)
Cash payments for finance costs |  |  |  | (2,623) |  | (3,455) |  | (3,133) |  | (231)
Cash payments for Value Added Taxes - net |  |  |  | (210) |  | (2,696) |  | (1,942) |  | (143)
Cash receipts from other - net |  |  |  | 575 |  | 474 |  | 542 |  | 40
Net cash provided by operating activities |  |  |  | 43,669 |  | 47,231 |  | 49,405 |  | 3,642
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Proceeds from sale of property and equipment |  | 10 |  | 733 |  | 765 |  | 1,367 |  | 101
Proceeds from insurance claim |  | 10 |  | 119 |  | 60 |  | 155 |  | 11
Dividend received from associated company |  | 9 |  | 18 |  | 23 |  | 28 |  | 2
Proceeds from escrow accounts |  |  |  | — |  | 2,159 |  | — |  | —
Proceeds from sale of other assets |  | 11 |  | 36 |  | — |  | — |  | —
Acquisition of non-controlling interest in a subsidiary |  | 1d |  | — |  | (138) |  | — |  | —
Purchases of property and equipment |  | 10, 37 |  | (26,499) |  | (26,787) |  | (32,294) |  | (2,380)
Placement in other current financial assets - net |  |  |  | (146) |  | (983) |  | (676) |  | (50)
Purchases of intangible assets |  | 12, 37 |  | (1,439) |  | (1,098) |  | (508) |  | (37)
Payments for advances for purchases of property and equipment |  |  |  | (67) |  | (1,338) |  | (490) |  | (36)
Additional contribution on long-term investments |  | 9 |  | (62) |  | (43) |  | (269) |  | (20)
Acquisition of businesses, net of acquired cash |  | 1d |  | (114) |  | (137) |  | (243) |  | (18)
Purchases of other assets |  | 11 |  | — |  | (40) |  | (77) |  | (6)
Net cash used in investing activities |  |  |  | (27,421) |  | (27,557) |  | (33,007) |  | (2,433)
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Proceeds from loans and other borrowings |  | 16, 17 |  | 20,561 |  | 7,479 |  | 12,169 |  | 897
Proceeds from issuance of new shares of subsidiaries |  |  |  | 5 |  | 183 |  | 50 |  | 4
Proceeds from sale of treasury stock |  | 21 |  | 68 |  | 3,259 |  | — |  | —
Cash dividends paid to non-controlling interests of subsidiaries |  |  |  | (7,831) |  | (7,058) |  | (12,355) |  | (911)
Cash dividends paid to the Company’s stockholders |  | 19 |  | (8,783) |  | (11,213) |  | (11,627) |  | (857)
Repayments of loans and other borrowings |  | 16, 17 |  | (10,427) |  | (10,555) |  | (9,289) |  | (685)
Net cash used in financing activities |  |  |  | (6,407) |  | (17,905) |  | (21,052) |  | (1,552)
NET (DECREASE) INCREASE IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS |  |  |  | 9,841 |  | 1,769 |  | (4,654) |  | (343)
EFFECT OF EXCHANGE RATE CHANGES ON CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS |  |  |  | 604 |  | (119) |  | 32 |  | 2
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT BEGINNING OF YEAR |  | 4 |  | 17,672 |  | 28,117 |  | 29,767 |  | 2,194
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT END OF YEAR |  | 4 |  | 28,117 |  | 29,767 |  | 25,145 |  | 1,853

The accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements form an integral part of these consolidated financial statements taken as a whole.

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PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

1. GENERAL

a. Establishment and general information

Perusahaan Perseroan (Persero) PT Telekomunikasi Indonesia Tbk (the “Company”) was originally part of “Post en Telegraafdienst”, which was established and operated commercially in 1884 under the framework of Decree No. 7 dated March 27, 1884 of the Governor General of the Dutch Indies. Decree No. 7 was published in State Gazette No. 52 dated April 3, 1884.

In 1991, the status of the Company was changed into a state-owned limited liability corporation (“Persero”) based on Government Regulation No. 25/1991. The ultimate parent of the Company is the Government of the Republic of Indonesia (the “Government”) (Notes 1c and 19).

The Company was established based on notarial deed No. 128 dated September 24, 1991 of Imas Fatimah, S.H. Its deed of establishment was approved by the Ministry of Justice of the Republic of Indonesia in its Decision Letter No. C2‑6870.HT.01.01.Th.1991 dated November 19, 1991 and was published in State Gazette No. 5 dated January 17, 1992, Supplement No. 210. The Articles of Association has been amended several times, the latest amendments of which were about, among others, in compliance with the Financial Services Authority Regulations and the Ministry of State-Owned Enterprises Regulations and Circular Letters, addition of main and supporting business activities of the Company, addition of special right of Series A Dwiwarna stockholder, revision regarding the change in authority limitation of the Board of Directors which requires approval from the Board of Commissioners in performing such managing activities of the Company as well as improvement in the editorial and systematic of Articles of Association related to the addition of Articles of Association substance based on notarial deed No. 16 dated May 16, 2017 of Ashoya Ratam, S.H., M.Kn. The latest amendments were accepted and approved by the Ministry of Law and Human Rights of the Republic of Indonesia (“MoLHR”) in its Letter No. AHU-AH.01.03‑0146625 dated June 15, 2017 and MoLHR decision’s No. AHU‑0013024.AH.01.02 dated June 15, 2017.

In accordance with Article 3 of the Company’s Articles of Association, the scope of its activities is to provide telecommunication network and telecommunication and information services, and to optimize the Company’s resources to provide high quality and competitive goods and/or services to gain/pursue profit in order to increase the value of the Company with applied the Limited Company principle. In regard to achieving its objectives, the Company is involved in the following activities:

a. Main business:

i. Planning, building, providing, developing, operating, marketing or selling or leasing, and maintaining telecommunications and information networks in a broad sense in accordance with prevailing regulations.

ii. Planning, developing, providing, marketing or selling, and improving telecommunications and information services in a broad sense in accordance with prevailing regulations.

iii. Investing including equity capital in other companies in line with achieving the purposes and objectives of the Company.

b. Supporting business:

i. Providing payment transactions and money transferring services through telecommunications and information networks.

ii. Performing activities and other undertakings in connection with the optimization of the Company’s resources, which among others, include the utilization of the Company’s property

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PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

and equipment and moving assets, information systems, education and training, repair and maintenance facilities.

iii. Collaborating with other parties in order to optimize the information, communication or technology resources owned by other parties as service provider in information, communication and technology industry as to achieve the purposes and objectives of the Company.

The Company’s head office is located at Jalan Japati No. 1, Bandung, West Java.

The Company was granted several networks and/or services licenses by the Government which are valid for an unlimited period of time as long as the Company complies with prevailing laws and fulfills the obligation stated in those licenses. For every license issued by the Ministry of Communication and Information (“MoCI”), an evaluation is performed annually and an overall evaluation is performed every five years. The Company is obliged to submit reports of networks and/or services annually to the Indonesian Directorate General of Post and Informatics (“DGPI”), which replaced the previous Indonesian Directorate General of Post and Telecommunications (“DGPT”).

The reports comprise information such as network development progress, service quality standard achievement, numbers of customers, license payment and universal service contribution, while for internet telephone services for public purpose, internet interconnection service, and internet access service, there is additional information required such as operational performance, customer segmentation, traffic, and gross revenue.

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PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

Details of these licenses are as follows:

License |  | License No. |  | Type of services |  | Grant date/latest renewal date
License of electronic money issuer |  | Bank Indonesia License No. 11/432/DASP |  | Electronic money |  | July 3, 2009
License of money remittance |  | Bank Indonesia License No. 11/23/bd/8 |  | Money remittance service |  | August 5, 2009
License to operate network access point |  | 331/KEP/DJPPI/ KOMINFO/09/2013 |  | Network access point |  | September 24, 2013
License to operate internet telephone services for public purpose |  | 127/KEP/DJPPI/ KOMINFO/3/2016 |  | Internet telephone services for public purpose |  | March 30, 2016
License to operate fixed domestic long distance network |  | 839/KEP/ M.KOMINFO/05/2016 |  | Fixed domestic long distance and basic telephone services network |  | May 16, 2016
License to operate fixed closed network |  | 844/KEP/ M.KOMINFO/05/2016 |  | Fixed closed network |  | May 16, 2016
License to operate fixed international network |  | 846/KEP/ M.KOMINFO/05/2016 |  | Fixed international and basic telephone services network |  | May 16, 2016
License to operate circuit switched based local fixed line network |  | 948/KEP/ M.KOMINFO/05/2016 |  | Circuit switched based local fixed line network |  | May 31, 2016
License to operate data communication system services |  | 191/KEP/DJPPI/ KOMINFO/10/2016 |  | Data communication system services |  | October 31, 2016
License to operate internet service provider |  | 2176/KEP/ M.KOMINFO/12/2016 |  | Internet service provider |  | December 30, 2016
License to operate content service provider |  | 1040/KEP/ M.KOMINFO/16/2017 |  | Content service provider |  | May 16, 2017

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PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

b. Company’s Board of Commissioners, Board of Directors, Audit Committee and Corporate Secretary

1. Boards of Commissioners and Directors

Based on resolutions made at the Annual General Meeting (“AGM”) of Stockholders of the Company as covered by notarial deed No. 50 of Ashoya Ratam, S.H., M.Kn., dated April 22, 2016 and notarial deed No. 28 of Ashoya Ratam, S.H., M.Kn., dated April 21, 2017, the composition of the Company’s Boards of Commissioners and Directors as of December 31, 2016 and 2017, respectively, are as follows:

|  | 2016 |  | 2017 |
President Commissioner |  | Hendri Saparini |  | Hendri Saparini |
Commissioner |  | Dolfie Othniel Fredric Palit |  | Rinaldi Firmansyah |
Commissioner |  | Hadiyanto |  | Hadiyanto |
Commissioner* |  | Pontas Tambunan |  | - |
Independent Commissioner |  | Rinaldi Firmansyah |  | Margiyono Darsasumarja |
Independent Commissioner |  | Margiyono Darsasumarja |  | Dolfie Othniel Fredric Palit |
Independent Commissioner |  | Pamijati Pamela Johanna |  | Pamijati Pamela Johanna |
Independent Commissioner |  | — |  | Cahyana Ahmadjayadi |
President Director |  | Alex Janangkih Sinaga |  | Alex Janangkih Sinaga |
Director of Finance |  | Harry Mozarta Zen |  | Harry Mozarta Zen |
Director of Digital and Strategic Portfolio |  | Indra Utoyo |  | David Bangun |
Director of Enterprise and Business Service |  | — |  | Dian Rachmawan |
Director of Wholesale and International Service |  | Honesti Basyir |  | Abdus Somad Arief |
Director of Human Capital Management |  | Herdy Rosadi Harman |  | Herdy Rosadi Harman |
Director of Network, Information Technology and Solution |  | Abdus Somad Arief |  | Zulhelfi Abidin |
Director of Consumer Service |  | Dian Rachmawan |  | Mas’ud Khamid |

*Based on the Board of Directors’ decision dated April 21, 2017, Devy Wildasari Suradji as Commissioner was appointed to replaces Pontas Tambunan. On December 22, 2017, Devy Wildasari Suradji was appointed as Marketing Director of PT Angkasa Pura I based on SK-289/MBU/12/2017 hence her position as Commissioner of the Company was ended by law.

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PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

2. Audit Committee and Corporate Secretary

The composition of the Company’s Audit Committee and the Corporate Secretary as of December 31, 2016 and 2017, were as follows:

|  | 2016 |  | 2017* |
Chairman |  | Rinaldi Firmansyah |  | Margiyono Darsasumarja |
Secretary |  | Tjatur Purwadi |  | Tjatur Purwadi |
Member |  | Margiyono Darsasumarja |  | Rinaldi Firmansyah |
Member |  | Dolfie Othniel Fredric Palit |  | Dolfie Othniel Fredric Palit |
Member |  | Sarimin Mietra Sardi |  | Sarimin Mietra Sardi |
Member |  | Pontas Tambunan |  | Cahyana Ahmadjayadi |
Corporate Secretary |  | Andi Setiawan |  | Andi Setiawan |

*The changes in the Audit Committee are based on the Board of Commissioners’ decision No. 05/KEP/DK/2017 dated April 28,2017.

c. Public offering of securities of the Company

The Company’s shares prior to its Initial Public Offering (“IPO”) totalled 8,400,000,000, consisting of 8,399,999,999 Series B shares and 1 Series A Dwiwarna share, and were wholly-owned by the Government. On November 14, 1995, 933,333,000 new Series B shares and 233,334,000 Series B shares owned by the Government were offered to the public through an IPO and listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (“IDX”) and 700,000,000 Series B shares owned by the Government were offered to the public and listed on the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) and the London Stock Exchange (“LSE”), in the form of American Depositary Shares (“ADS”). There were 35,000,000 ADS and each ADS represented 20 Series B shares at that time.

In December 1996, the Government had a block sale of its 388,000,000 Series B shares, and in 1997, distributed 2,670,300 Series B shares as incentive to the Company’s stockholders who did not sell their shares within one year from the date of the IPO. In May 1999, the Government further sold 898,000,000 Series B shares.

To comply with Law No. 1/1995 on Limited Liability Companies, at the AGM of Stockholders of the Company on April 16, 1999, the Company’s stockholders resolved to increase the Company’s issued share capital by the distribution of 746,666,640 bonus shares through the capitalization of certain additional paid-in capital, which was made to the Company’s stockholders in August 1999. On August 16, 2007, Law No. 1/1995 on Limited Liability Companies was amended by the issuance of Law No. 40/2007 on Limited Liability Companies which became effective on the same date. Law No. 40/2007 has no effect on the public offering of shares of the Company. The Company has complied with Law No. 40/2007.

In December 2001, the Government had another block sale of 1,200,000,000 shares or 11.9% of the total outstanding Series B shares. In July 2002, the Government further sold a block of 312,000,000 shares or 3.1% of the total outstanding Series B shares.

At the AGM of Stockholders of the Company held on July 30, 2004, the minutes of which are covered by notarial deed No. 26 of A. Partomuan Pohan, S.H., LLM., the Company’s stockholders approved the Company’s 2‑for‑1 stock split for Series A Dwiwarna and Series B share. The Series A Dwiwarna share with par value of Rp500 per share was split into 1 Series A Dwiwarna share with par value of

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PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

Rp250 per share and 1 Series B share with par value of Rp250 per share. The stock split resulted in an increase of the Company’s authorized capital stock from 1 Series A Dwiwarna share and 39,999,999,999 Series B shares to 1 Series A Dwiwarna share and 79,999,999,999 Series B shares, and the issued capital stock from 1 Series A Dwiwarna share and 10,079,999,639 Series B shares to 1 Series A Dwiwarna share and 20,159,999,279 Series B shares. After the stock split, each ADS represented 40 Series B shares.

During the Extraodinary General Meeting (“EGM”) held on December 21, 2005 and the AGMs held on June 29, 2007, June 20, 2008 and May 19, 2011, the Company’s stockholders approved phase I, II, III and IV plan, respectively, of the Company’s program to repurchase its issued Series B shares (Note 21).

During the period December 21, 2005 to June 20, 2007, the Company had bought back 211,290,500 shares from the public (stock repurchase program phase I). On July 30, 2013, the Company has sold all such shares (Note 21).

At the AGM held on April 19, 2013 as covered by notarial deed No. 38 dated April 19, 2013 of Ashoya Ratam, S.H., M.Kn., the stockholders approved the changes to the Company’s plan on the treasury stock acquired under phase III (Note 21).

At the AGM held on April 19, 2013, the minutes of which were covered by notarial deed No. 38 of Ashoya Ratam, S.H., M.Kn., the stockholders approved the Company’s 5‑for‑1 stock split for Series A Dwiwarna and Series B shares. Series A Dwiwarna share with par value of Rp250 per share was split into 1 Series A Dwiwarna share with par value of Rp50 per share and 4 Series B shares with par value of Rp50 per share. The stock split resulted in an increase of the Company’s authorized capital stock from 1 Series A Dwiwarna and 79,999,999,999 Series B shares to 1 Series A Dwiwarna and 399,999,999,999 Series B shares. The issued capital stock increase from 1 Series A Dwiwarna and 20,159,999,279 Series B shares to 1 Series A Dwiwarna and 100,799,996,399 Series B shares. After the stock split, each ADS represented 200 Series B shares. Effective from October 26, 2016, the Company change the ratio of Depositary Receipt from 1 ADS representing 200 series B shares to become 1 ADS representing 100 series B shares (Note 19). Profit per ADS information have been retrospectively adjusted to reflect the changes in the ratio of ADS.

On May 16 and June 5, 2014, the Company deregistered from Tokyo Stock Exchange (“TSE”) and delisted from the LSE, respectively.

As of December 31, 2017, all of the Company’s Series B shares are listed on the IDX and 60,783,743 ADS shares are listed on the NYSE (Note 19).

On June 25, 2010, the Company issued the second rupiah bonds with a nominal amount of Rp1,005 billion for Series A, a five-year period, and Rp1,995 billion for Series B, a ten-year period, respectively, which are listed on the IDX (Note 17b).

On June 23, 2015, the Company issued Continuous Bonds I Telkom Phase I 2015, with a nominal amount Rp2,200 billion for Series A, a seven-year period, Rp2,100 billion for Series B, a ten-year period, Rp1,200 billion for Series C, a fifteen-year period and Rp1,500 billion for Series D, a thirty-year period, respectively which are listed on the IDX (Note 17b).

On December 21, 2015, the Company sold the remaining shares of treasury shares phase III (Note 21).

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PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

On June 29, 2016, the Company sold the treasury shares phase IV (Note 21).

d. Subsidiaries

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017, the Company has consolidated the following directly or indirectly owned subsidiaries (Notes 2b and 2d):

| (i) |  | Direct subsidiaries:

|  |  |  | Year of start of |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Subsidiary/place of |  |  |  | commercial |  | Percentage of ownership interest |  | Total assets before elimination
incorporation |  | Nature of business |  | operations |  | 2016 |  | 2017 |  | 2016 |  | 2017
PT Telekomunikasi Selular (“Telkomsel”), Jakarta, Indonesia |  | Telecommunication - provides telecommunication facilities and mobile cellular services using Global Systems for Mobile Communication (“GSM”) technology |  | 1995 |  | 65 |  | 65 |  | 89,645 |  | 85,597
PT Dayamitra Telekomunikasi (“Dayamitra”), Jakarta, Indonesia |  | Telecommunication |  | 1995 |  | 100 |  | 100 |  | 10,689 |  | 13,606
PT Multimedia Nusantara (“Metra”), Jakarta, Indonesia |  | Network telecommunication services and multimedia |  | 1998 |  | 100 |  | 100 |  | 9,996 |  | 13,246
PT Telekomunikasi Indonesia International (“TII”), Jakarta, Indonesia |  | Telecommunication |  | 1995 |  | 100 |  | 100 |  | 7,147 |  | 9,122
PT Telkom Akses (“Telkom Akses”), Jakarta, Indonesia |  | Construction, service and trade in the field of telecommunication |  | 2013 |  | 100 |  | 100 |  | 5,098 |  | 5,716
PT Graha Sarana Duta (“GSD”), Jakarta, Indonesia |  | Leasing of offices and providing building management and maintenance services, civil consultant and developer |  | 1982 |  | 100 |  | 100 |  | 4,328 |  | 5,633
PT PINS Indonesia (“PINS”), Jakarta, Indonesia |  | Telecommunication construction and services |  | 1995 |  | 100 |  | 100 |  | 3,146 |  | 3,473
PT Infrastruktur Telekomunikasi Indonesia (“Telkom Infratel”), Jakarta, Indonesia |  | Construction, service and trade in the field of telecommunication |  | 2014 |  | 100 |  | 100 |  | 1,015 |  | 1,871
PT Patra Telekomunikasi Indonesia (“Patrakom”), Jakarta, Indonesia |  | Telecommunication - provides satellite communication system, services and facilities |  | 1996 |  | 100 |  | 100 |  | 471 |  | 574
PT Metra-Net (“Metranet”), Jakarta, Indonesia |  | Multimedia portal service |  | 2009 |  | 100 |  | 100 |  | 370 |  | 524
PT Jalin Pembayaran Nusantara (“Jalin”),Jakarta, Indonesia |  | Payment services - principals, switching, clearing and settlement activities |  | 2016 |  | 100 |  | 100 |  | 15 |  | 225
PT Napsindo Primatel Internasional (“Napsindo”), Jakarta, Indonesia |  | Telecommunication - provides Network Access Point ("NAP"), Voice Over Data ("VOD") and other related services |  | 1999; ceased operations on January 13, 2006 |  | 60 |  | 60 |  | 5 |  | 5

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PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

| (ii) |  | Immediate indirect subsidiaries:

|  |  |  | Year of start of |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Subsidiary/place of |  |  |  | commercial |  | Percentage of ownership interest |  | Total assets before elimination
incorporation |  | Nature of business |  | operations |  | 2016 |  | 2017 |  | 2016 |  | 2017
PT Sigma Cipta Caraka (“Sigma”), Tangerang, Indonesia |  | Information technology service - system implementation and integration service, outsourcing and software license maintenance |  | 1988 |  | 100 |  | 100 |  | 4,278 |  | 6,050
Telekomunikasi Indonesia International Pte. Ltd., Singapore |  | Telecommunication |  | 2008 |  | 100 |  | 100 |  | 2,566 |  | 3,048
PT Infomedia Nusantara (“Infomedia”), Jakarta, Indonesia |  | Data and information service - provides telecommunication information services and other information services in the form of print and electronic media and call center services |  | 1984 |  | 100 |  | 100 |  | 1,853 |  | 2,115
PT Telkom Landmark Tower (“TLT”), Jakarta, Indonesia |  | Service for property development and management |  | 2012 |  | 55 |  | 55 |  | 1,683 |  | 2,009
PT Metra Digital Media (“MD Media”), Jakarta, Indonesia |  | Directory information services |  | 2013 |  | 100 |  | 100 |  | 684 |  | 1,106
PT Finnet Indonesia (“Finnet”), Jakarta, Indonesia |  | Information technology services |  | 2006 |  | 60 |  | 60 |  | 629 |  | 907
TS Global Network Sdn. Bhd. (“TSGN”), Petaling Jaya, Malaysia |  | Satellite services |  | 1996 |  | — |  | 49 |  | — |  | 815
Telekomunikasi Indonesia International Ltd., Hong Kong |  | Telecommunication |  | 2010 |  | 100 |  | 100 |  | 441 |  | 710
PT Metra Digital Investama (“MDI”), Jakarta, Indonesia |  | Trading and/or providing service related to information and technology, multimedia, entertainment and investments |  | 2013 |  | 100 |  | 100 |  | 331 |  | 658
Telekomunikasi Indonesia International S.A. (“TL”), Dili, Timor Leste |  | Telecommunication |  | 2012 |  | 100 |  | 100 |  | 755 |  | 639
PT Nusantara Sukses Investasi (”NSI”), Jakarta, Indonesia |  | Service and trading |  | 2014 |  | 100 |  | 100 |  | 227 |  | 300
PT Administrasi Medika (“Ad Medika”), Jakarta, Indonesia |  | Health insurance administration services |  | 2002 |  | 100 |  | 100 |  | 204 |  | 273
PT Melon (“Melon”), Jakarta, Indonesia |  | Digital content exchange hub services |  | 2010 |  | 100 |  | 100 |  | 178 |  | 231
PT Metraplasa (“Metraplasa”), Jakarta, Indonesia |  | Network and e-commerce services |  | 2012 |  | 60 |  | 60 |  | 325 |  | 203
PT Graha Yasa Selaras (“GYS”), Jakarta, Indonesia |  | Tourism service |  | 2012 |  | 51 |  | 51 |  | 174 |  | 178
PT Nutech Integrasi ("Nutech"), Jakarta, Indonesia |  | System integrator |  | 2001 |  | — |  | 60 |  | — |  | 60
Telekomunikasi Indonesia International Inc. (“Telkom USA”), Los Angeles, USA |  | Telecommunication |  | 2014 |  | 100 |  | 100 |  | 9 |  | 36
PT Satelit Multimedia Indonesia (“SMI”), Jakarta, Indonesia |  | Satellite services |  | 2013 |  | 99.99 |  | 99.99 |  | 18 |  | 18
PT Nusantara Sukses Sarana (”NSS”), Jakarta, Indonesia |  | Building and hotel management services and other services |  | — |  | 99.99 |  | 99.99 |  | — |  | —
PT Nusantara Sukses Realti (”NSR”), Jakarta, Indonesia |  | Service and trading |  | — |  | 99.99 |  | 99.99 |  | — |  | —
PT Metra TV (“Metra TV”), Jakarta, Indonesia |  | Subscription - broadcasting services |  | 2013 |  | 99.83 |  | 99.83 |  | — |  | —

F-14

Table of Contents

PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

(a) Metra

Based on notarial deed of Utiek Rochmuljati Abdurachman, S.H., M.LI, M.Kn., No. 10, 11, 12, 13 and 14 dated May 25, 2016, Metra purchased 2,000 shares of Ad Medika from the non-controlling interest equivalent to 25% ownership amounting to Rp138 billion.

Based on notarial deed of Utiek Rochmuljati Abdurachman, S.H., M.LI, M.Kn., No. 10 and 11 dated December 13, 2017, Metra purchased 36,000 shares of Nutech (equivalent to 60% ownership) amounting to Rp24 billion. This is larger than the ownership portion of net book value amounting to Rp13 billion. As of December 31, 2017, the difference, amounting to Rp11 billion, is recorded as provisional goodwill (Note 12). As of the date of approval and authorization for the issuance of these consolidated financial statement, fair value measurement is still in completion process.

(b) TII

On December 14, 2017, TII purchased TSGN equivalent to 49% ownership amounting to MYR66,150,000 (equivalent to Rp220 billion). TSGN is engaged in providing Information and Communication Technologies ("ICT") systems for satellite communication services, satellite bandwidth services and Very Small Aperture Terminal ("VSAT") services. Non-controlling interests of the acquiree are measured at fair value. Based on Sale and Subscription Agreement, TII owns the control over TSGN through placing and replacing of 3 out of 5 key managements that controls the overall business of TSGN.

This acquisition will enhance synergy and utilization of assets and resources between companies in order to provide more innovative services to customers.

The fair values of the identifiable assets and liabilities acquired at acquisition date were:

|  | Total
Assets |  |
Cash and cash equivalents |  | 21
Trade receivables |  | 18
Other current assets |  | 57
Property and equipment (Note 10) |  | 711
Other non-current assets |  | 14
Liabilities |  |
Current liabilities |  | (422)
Non-current liabilities |  | (140)
Fair value of identifiable net assets acquired |  | 259
Fair value of non-controlling interest |  | (132)
Provisional goodwill (Note 12) |  | 93
Fair value consideration transferred |  | 220

Net assets recognized in the consolidated financial statements as of December 31, 2017 are based on a provisional assessment of fair value of net assets. As of the issuance date of the consolidated financial statements, fair value measurements still in completion process.

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Table of Contents

PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

From the date of acquisition until December 31, 2017, the total income and profit before tax of TSGN included in the statements of profit or loss income and other comprehensive income amounted to Rp13.5 billion and Rp12.1 billion, respectively.

(c) Metranet

On November 10, 2016, Metranet increased its share capital from Rp244 billion to Rp325 billion by issuing 18,800,000 new shares. All of new share capital are owned by the Company.

Based on notarial deed of Utiek Rochmuljati Abdurachman, S.H., M.LI, M.Kn., No. 08 and 09 dated November 14, 2016, Metranet purchased 4,900,000 shares of Melon (equivalent to 49% ownership) from SK Planet Co. and 300,000 shares of Melon (equivalent to 3% ownership) from Metra amounting to US$13,000,000 or Rp170.4 billion and Rp13.2 billion, respectively. As a result of this transaction, Metranet acquired 52% ownership in Melon and the remaining shares are held by Metra.

(d) Jalin

On November 3, 2016, the Company established a wholly-owned subsidiary under the name PT Jalin Pembayaran Nusantara (“Jalin”) which was approved by the MoLHR through its Decision Letter No. AHU-0050800.AH.01.01 dated November 15, 2016. Jalin is engaged in organizing ICT business focusing on non-cash payment to support national payment gateway.

(e) Sigma

Based on notarial deed of Utiek Rochmuljati Abdurachman, S.H., M.LI, M.Kn., No. 15 dated June 29, 2016, Sigma purchased 13,770 shares of PT Pojok Celebes Mandiri (“PCM”) (equivalent to 51% ownership) from Metra amounting to Rp7.8 billion.

(f) GSD

On August 8, 2017, TLT increased its share capital amounted Rp74 billion. The increased of share capital were proportionately taken by GSD and its non-controlling interest amounting to Rp41 billion and Rp33 billion, respectively.

On November 22, 2017, GYS increased its share capital amounted Rp13 billion. The increased of share capital were proportionately taken by GSD and its non-controlling interest amounting to Rp7 billion and Rp6 billion, respectively.

e. Authorization for the issuance of the consolidated financial statements

The consolidated financial statements were approved for issuance by the Board of Directors on April 6, 2018.

F-16

Table of Contents

PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

The consolidated financial statements of the Company and subsidiaries (collectively referred to as “the Group”) have been prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”) as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (“IASB”).

a. Basis of preparation of the financial statements

The consolidated financial statements, except for the consolidated statements of cash flows, are prepared on the accrual basis. The measurement basis used is historical cost, except for certain accounts which are measured using the basis mentioned in the relevant notes herein.

The consolidated statements of cash flows are prepared using the direct method and present the changes in cash and cash equivalents from operating, investing, and financing activities.

b. Principles of consolidation

The consolidated financial statements consist of the financial statements of the Company and the subsidiaries over which it has control. Control is achieved when the Group is exposed, or has rights, to variable returns from its involvement with the investee and has the ability to affect those returns through its power over the investee. Specifically, the Group controls an investee if and only if the Group has the power over the investee, exposure or rights, to variable returns from its involvement with the investee, and the ability to use its power over the investee to affect its returns.

The Group re-assesses whether it controls an investee if facts and circumstances indicate that there are changes to one or more of the three elements of control. Consolidation of a subsidiary begins when the Group obtains control over the subsidiary and ceases when the Group loses control over the subsidiary. Assets, liabilities, income and expenses, of a subsidiary acquired or disposed of during the year are included in the consolidated statements of profit or loss and other comprehensive income from the date the Group gains financial control until the date the Group ceases to control the subsidiary.

Profit or loss and each component of other comprehensive income (“OCI”) are attributed to the equity holders of the Company and to the non-controlling interests, even if this results in the non-controlling interests having a deficit balance.

Intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in the consolidated financial statements.

In case of loss of control over a subsidiary, the Group:

| · |  | derecognizes the assets (including goodwill) and liabilities of the subsidiary at the carrying amounts on the date when it loses control;

| · |  | derecognizes the carrying amounts of any non-controlling interests of its former subsidiary on the date when it loses control;

| · |  | recognizes the fair value of the consideration received (if any) from the transaction, events, or condition that caused the loss of control;

| · |  | recognizes the fair value of any investment retained in the subsidiary at fair value on the date of loss of control;

| · |  | recognizes any surplus or deficit in profit or loss that is attributable to the Group.

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PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

c. Transactions with related parties

The Group has transactions with related parties. The definition of related parties used is in accordance with International Accounting Standards (“IAS”) 24, Related Party Disclosures. The party which is considered a related party is a person or entity that is related to the entity that is preparing its financial statements.

Key management personnel are identified as the persons having authority and responsibility for planning, directing and controlling the activities of the entity, directly or indirectly, including any director (whether executive or otherwise) of the Group. The related party status extends to the key management of the subsidiaries to the extent they direct the operations of subsidiaries with minimal involvement from the Company’s management.

d. Business combinations

Business combination is accounted for using the acquisition method. The consideration transferred is measured at fair value, which is the aggregate of the fair value of the assets transferred, liabilities incurred or assumed and the equity instruments issued in exchange for control of the acquiree. For each business combination, non-controlling interest is measured at fair value or at the proportionate share of the acquiree’s identifiable net assets. The choice of measurement basis is made on a transaction-by-transaction basis. Acquisition-related costs are expensed as incurred. The acquiree’s identifiable assets and liabilities are recognized at their fair values at the acquisition date.

Goodwill is initially measured at cost, being the excess of the aggregate of the consideration transferred and the amount recognized for non-controlling interests, and any previous interest held, over the net identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed. If the fair value of the net assets acquired is in excess of the aggregate consideration transferred, the Group re-assesses whether it has correctly identified all of the assets acquired and all of the liabilities assumed, and reviews the procedures used to measure the amounts to be recognized at the acquisition date. If the re-assessment still results in an excess of the fair value of net assets acquired over the aggregate consideration transferred, then the gain is recognized in profit or loss.

When the determination of consideration from a business combination includes contingent consideration, it is measured at its fair value on acquisition date. Contingent consideration is classified either as equity or a financial liability. Amounts classified as a financial liability are subsequently remeasured to fair value with changes in fair value recognized in profit or loss when adjustments are recorded outside the measurement period. Changes in the fair value of the contingent consideration that qualify as measurement-period adjustments are adjusted retrospectively, with corresponding adjustments made against goodwill. Measurement-period adjustments are adjustments that arise from additional information obtained during the measurement period, which cannot exceed one year from the acquisition date, about facts and circumstances that existed at the acquisition date.

If the initial accounting for a business combination is incomplete by the end of the reporting period in which the combination occurs, the Group shall report in its consolidated financial statements provisional amounts for the items for which the accounting is incomplete. During the measurement period, the Group shall retrospectively adjust the provisional amounts recognized at the acquisition date to reflect new information obtained about facts and circumstances that existed as of the acquisition date and, if known, would have affected the measurement of the amounts recognized as of that date.

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PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

In a business combination achieved in stages, the acquirer remeasures its previously held equity interest in the acquiree at its acquisition-date fair value and recognizes the resulting gain or loss, if any, in profit or loss.

e. Cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents comprises cash on hand, cash in banks and all unrestricted time deposits with original maturities of three months or less at the time of placement.

Time deposits with maturities of more than three months but not more than one year are presented as part of “Other Current Financial Assets” in the consolidated statements of financial position.

f. Investments in associated companies

An associate is an entity over which the Group (as investor) has significant influence. Significant influence is the power to participate in the financial and operating policy decisions of the investee, but does not include control or joint control over those operating policies. The considerations made in determining significant influence are similar to those necessary to determine control over subsidiaries.

The Group’s investments in its associates are accounted for using the equity method.

Under the equity method, the investment in an associate is initially recognized at cost. The carrying amount of the investment is adjusted to recognize changes in the investor’s share of the net assets of the associate since the acquisition date. On acquisition of the investment, any difference between the cost of the investment and the entity’s share of the net fair value of the investee’s identifiable assets and liabilities is accounted for as follows:

a. Goodwill relating to an associate or a joint venture is included in the carrying amount of the investment and is neither amortized nor individually tested for impairment.

b. Any excess of the entity’s share of the net fair value of the investee’s identifiable assets and liabilities over the cost of the investment is included as income in the determination of the entity’s share of the associate or joint venture’s profit or loss in the period in which the investment is acquired.

The consolidated statements of profit or loss and other comprehensive income reflect the Group’s share of the results of operations of the associate. Any change in the other comprehensive income of the associate is presented as part of other comprehensive income. In addition, when there has been a change recognized directly in the equity of the associate, the Group recognizes its share of the change in the consolidated statements of changes in equity. Unrealized gain and losses resulting from transactions between the Group and the associate are eliminated to the extent of the interest in the associate.

The Group determines at each reporting date whether there is any objective evidence that the investments in associated companies are impaired. If there is, the Group calculates and recognizes the amount of impairment as the difference between the recoverable amount of the investments in the associated companies and their carrying value.

These assets are included in “Long-term Investments” in the consolidated statements of financial position.

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Table of Contents

PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

g. Trade and other receivables

Trade and other receivables are recognized initially at fair value and subsequently measured at amortized cost, less provision for impairment. This provision for impairment is made based on management’s evaluation of the collectibility of the outstanding amounts. Receivables are written off in the year they are determined to be uncollectible.

h. Inventories

Inventories consist of components, which are subsequently expensed upon use. Components represent telephone terminals, cables and other spare parts. Inventories also include Subscriber Identification Module (“SIM”) cards, handsets, wireless broadband modems and blank prepaid vouchers, which are expensed upon sale.

The costs of inventories consist of the purchase price, import duties, other taxes, transport, handling, and other costs directly attributable to their acquisition. Inventories are recognized at the lower of cost and net realizable value. Net realizable value is the estimate of selling price less the costs to sell.

Cost is determined using the weighted average method.

The amounts of any write-down of inventories below cost to net realizable value and all losses of inventories are recognized as an expense in the period in which the write-down or loss occurs. The amount of any reversal of any write-down of inventories, arising from an increase in net realizable value, is recognized as a reduction in the amount of general and administrative expenses in the year in which the reversal occurs.

Provision for obsolescence is primarily based on the estimated forecast of future usage of these inventory items.

i. Prepaid expenses

Prepaid expenses are amortized over their future beneficial periods using the straight-line method.

j. Assets held for sale

Assets (or disposal groups) are classified as held for sale when their carrying amount is to be recovered principally through a sale transaction rather than through continuing use and a sale is considered highly probable. They are stated at the lower of carrying amount and fair value less costs to sell.

Assets that meet the criteria to be classified as held for sale are reclassified from property and equipment and depreciation on such assets is ceased.

k. Intangible assets

Intangible assets mainly consist of software. Intangible assets are recognized if it is highly probable that the expected future economic benefits that are attributable to each asset will flow to the Group, and the cost of the asset can be reliably measured.

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Table of Contents

PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

Intangible assets are stated at cost less accumulated amortization and impairment losses, if any. Intangible assets are amortized over their estimated useful lives. The Group estimates the recoverable value of its intangible assets. When the carrying amount of an intangible asset exceeds its estimated recoverable amount, the asset is written down to its estimated recoverable amount.

Intangible assets except goodwill are amortized using the straight-line method, based on the estimated useful lives of the intangible assets as follows:

|  | Years
Software |  | 3‑6
License |  | 3‑20
Other intangible assets |  | 1‑30

Intangible assets are derecognized on disposal, or when no further economic benefits are expected, either from further use or from disposal. The difference between the carrying amount and the net proceeds received from disposal is recognized in the consolidated statements of profit or loss and other comprehensive income.

l. Property and equipment

Property and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and impairment losses.

The cost of an item of property and equipment includes: (a) purchase price, (b) any costs directly attributable to bringing the asset to its location and condition, and (c) the initial estimate of the costs of dismantling and removing the item and restoring the site on which it is located. Each part of an item of property and equipment with a cost that is significant in relation to the total cost of the item is depreciated separately.

Property and equipment are depreciated or amortized using the straight-line method based on the estimated useful lives of the assets as follows:

|  | Years
Land rights |  | 50
Buildings |  | 15‑40
Leasehold improvements |  | 2‑15
Switching equipment |  | 3‑15
Telegraph, telex and data communication equipment |  | 5‑15
Transmission installation and equipment |  | 3‑25
Satellite, earth station and equipment |  | 3‑20
Cable network |  | 5‑25
Power supply |  | 3‑20
Data processing equipment |  | 3‑20
Other telecommunication peripherals |  | 5
Office equipment |  | 2‑5
Vehicles |  | 4‑8
Customer Premises Equipment (“CPE”) assets |  | 4‑5
Other equipment |  | 2‑5

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PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

Significant expenditures related to leasehold improvements are capitalized and depreciated over the lease term.

The depreciation method, useful life and residual value of an asset are reviewed at least at each financial year-end and adjusted, if appropriate. The residual value of an asset is the estimated amount that the Group would currently obtain from disposal of the asset, after deducting the estimated costs of disposal, if the asset is already of the age and in the condition expected at the end of its useful life.

Property and equipment acquired in exchange for a non-monetary asset or for a combination of monetary and non-monetary assets are measured at fair value unless, (i) the exchange transaction lacks commercial substance; or (ii) the fair value of neither the asset received nor the asset given up is measured reliably.

Major spare parts and standby equipment that are expected to be used for more than 12 months are recorded as part of property and equipment.

When assets are retired or otherwise disposed of, their cost and the related accumulated depreciation are derecognized from the consolidated statements of financial position and the resulting gains or losses on the disposal or sale of the property and equipment are recognized in the consolidated statements of profit or loss and other comprehensive income.

Certain computer hardware can not be used without the availability of certain computer software. In such circumstance, the computer software is recorded as part of the computer hardware. If the computer software is independent from its computer hardware, it is recorded as part of intangible assets.

The cost of maintenance and repairs is charged to the consolidated statements of profit or loss and other comprehensive income as incurred. Significant renewals and betterments are capitalized.

Property under construction is stated at cost until the construction is completed, at which time it is reclassified to the property and equipment account to which it relates. During the construction period until the property is ready for its intended use or sale, borrowing costs, which include interest expense and foreign currency exchange differences incurred on loans obtained to finance the construction of the asset, as long as it meets the definition of a qualifying asset are, capitalized in proportion to the average amount of accumulated expenditures during the period. Capitalization of borrowing cost ceases when the construction is completed and the asset is ready for its intended use.

m. Leases

In determining whether an arrangement is, or contains a lease, the Group performs an evaluation over the substance of the arrangement. A lease is classified as a finance lease or operating lease based on the substance, not the form of the contract. Finance lease is recognized if the lease transfers substantially all the risks and rewards incidental to the ownership of the leased asset.

Assets and liabilities under a finance lease are recognized in the consolidated statements of financial position at amounts equal to the fair value of the leased assets or, if lower, the present value of the minimum lease payments. Any initial direct costs of the Group are added to the amount recognized as assets.

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Table of Contents

PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

Minimum lease payments are apportioned between the finance charge and the reduction of the outstanding liability. The finance charge is allocated to each period during the lease term so as to produce a constant periodic rate of interest on the remaining balance of the liability. Contingent rents are charged as expenses in the year in which they are incurred.

Leased assets are depreciated using the same method and based on the useful lives as estimated for directly acquired property and equipment. However, if there is no reasonable certainty that the Group will obtain ownership by the end of the lease terms, the leased assets are fully depreciated over the shorter of the lease terms and their economic useful lives.

Lease arrangements that do not meet the above criteria are accounted for as operating leases for which payments are charged as an expense on the straight-line basis over the lease period.

n. Trade payables

Trade payables are obligations to pay for goods and/or services that have been acquired from suppliers in the ordinary course of business. Trade payables are classified as current liabilities if the payment is due within one year or less. If not, they are presented as non-current liabilities.

Trade payables are recognized initially at fair value and subsequently measured at amortized cost using the effective interest method.

o. Borrowings

Borrowings are recognized initially at fair value, net of transaction costs incurred. Borrowings are subsequently carried at amortized cost; any difference between the proceeds (net of transaction costs) and the redemption value is recognized in the consolidated statements of profit or loss and other comprehensive income over the period of the borrowings using the effective interest method.

Fees paid on obtaining loan facilities are recognized as transaction costs of the loan to the extent that it is probable that some or all of the facilities will be drawn down. In this case, the fee is deferred until the drawdown occurs. To the extent there is no evidence that it is probable that some or all of the facilities will be drawn down, the fee is capitalized as a prepayment for liquidity services and amortized over the period of the facilities to which it relates.

p. Foreign currency translations

The functional currency and the reporting currency of the Group are both the Indonesian rupiah, except for the functional currency of Telekomunikasi Indonesia International Ltd., Hong Kong, Telekomunikasi Indonesia International Pte. Ltd., Singapore, Telekomunikasi Indonesia International Inc., USA, and Telekomunikasi Indonesia International S.A., Timor Leste whose functional currency is U.S. dollars, Telekomunikasi Indonesia International, Pty. Ltd., Australia whose functional currency is Australian dollars, and TS Global Network Sdn. Bhd. whose functional currency is Malaysian ringgit. Transactions in foreign currencies are translated into Indonesian rupiah at the rates of exchange prevailing at transaction date. At the consolidated statements of financial position dates, monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are translated into Indonesian rupiah based on the buy and

F-23

Table of Contents

PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

sell rates quoted by Reuters prevailing at the consolidated statements of financial position dates, as follows (in full amount):

|  | 2016 |  | 2017
|  | Buy |  | Sell |  | Buy |  | Sell
United States dollar (“US$”) 1 |  | 13,470 |  | 13,475 |  | 13,565 |  | 13,570
Australian dollar (“AUD”) 1 |  | 9,721 |  | 9,726 |  | 10,592 |  | 10,598
Euro ("EUR") 1 |  | 14,170 |  | 14,181 |  | 16,231 |  | 16,242
Japanese yen ("JPY") 1 |  | 115.01 |  | 115.10 |  | 120.48 |  | 120.55
Malaysian ringgit ("MYR") 1 |  | 3,002 |  | 3,005 |  | 3,349 |  | 3,355

The resulting foreign exchange gain or losses, realized and unrealized, are credited or charged to the consolidated statements of profit or loss and other comprehensive income, except for foreign exchange differences incurred on borrowings during the construction of qualifying assets which are capitalized to the extent that the borrowings can be attributed to the construction of those qualifying assets (Note 2l).

For the purpose of reporting, the assets and liabilities of subsidiaries that functional currencies are different with the Group's functional currency are translated into Indonesian rupiah using the rate of exchange prevailing at that date, while revenues and expenses are translated into Indonesian rupiah at the average rates of exchange for the year. The resulting translation adjustments are reported as part of "Other Reserves" in the equity section of the consolidated statements of financial position.

q. Revenue and expense recognition

i. Cellular and fixed wireless telephone revenues

Revenues from postpaid service, which consist of usage and monthly charges, are recognized as follows:

| · |  | Airtime and charges for value added services are recognized based on usage by subscribers.

| · |  | Monthly subscription charges are recognized as revenues when incurred by subscribers.

Revenues from prepaid service, which consist of the sale of starter packs (also known as SIM cards and start-up load vouchers) and pulse reload vouchers, are recognized initially as unearned income and recognized as revenue based on total of successful calls made and the value added services used by the subscribers or the expiration of the unused stored value of the voucher.

ii. Fixed line telephone revenues

Revenues from usage charges are recognized as customers incur the charges. Monthly subscription charges are recognized as revenues when incurred by subscribers.

Revenues from fixed line installations are deferred and recognized as revenue on the straight-line basis over the expected term of the customer relationships. Based on reviews of historical information and customer trends, the Company determined the term of the customer relationships is 23 years.

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PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

iii. Interconnection revenues

Revenues from network interconnection with other domestic and international telecommunications carriers are recognized monthly on the basis of the actual recorded traffic for the month. Interconnection revenues consist of revenues derived from other operators’ subscriber calls to the Group’s subscribers (incoming) and calls between subscribers of other operators through the Group’s network (transit).

iv. Data, internet, and information technology services revenues

Revenues from data communication and internet are recognized based on service activity and performance which are measured by the duration of internet usage or based on the fixed amount of charges depending on the arrangements with customers.

Revenues from sales, installation and implementation of computer software and hardware, computer data network installation service and installation are recognized when the goods are delivered to customers or the installation takes place.

Revenue from computer software development service is recognized using the percentage-of-completion method.

v. Network revenues

Revenues from network consist of revenues from leased lines and satellite transponder leases which are recognized over the period in which the services are rendered.

vi. Other revenues

Revenues from sales of peripherals or other telecommunications equipments are recognized when delivered to customers.

Revenues from telecommunication tower leases are recognized on straight-line basis over the lease period in accordance with the agreement with the customers.

Revenues from other services are recognized when services are rendered to customers.

vii. Multiple-element arrangements

Where two or more revenue-generating activities or deliverables are sold under a single arrangement, each deliverable that is considered to be a separate unit of accounting is accounted for separately. The total revenue is allocated to each separately identifiable component based on the relative fair value of each component and the appropriate revenue recognition criteria are applied to each component as described above.

viii. Agency relationship

Revenues from an agency relationship are recorded based on the gross amount billed to the customers when the Group acts as principal in the sale of goods and services. Revenues are recorded based on the net amount retained (the amount paid by the customer less amount paid to

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Table of Contents

PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

the suppliers) when, in substance, the Group has acted as agent and earned commission from the suppliers of the goods and services sold.

ix. Customer loyalty programme

The Group operates a loyalty programme, which allows customers to accumulate points for every certain multiple of the telecommunication services usage. The points can be redeemed in the future for free or discounted products or services, provided other qualifying conditions are achieved.

Consideration received is allocated between the telecommunication services and the points issued, with the consideration allocated to the points equal to their fair value. Fair value of the points is determined based on historical information about redemption rate of award points. Fair value of the points issued is deferred and recognized as revenue when the points are redeemed or expired.

x. Expenses

Expenses are recognized as they are incurred.

r. Employee benefits

i. Short-term employee benefits

All short-term employee benefits which consist of salaries and related benefits, vacation pay, incentives and other short-term benefits are recognized as expense on undiscounted basis when employees have rendered service to the Group.

ii. Post-employment benefit plans and other long-term employee benefits

Post-employment benefit plans consist of funded and unfunded defined benefit pension plans, defined contribution pension plan, other post-employment benefits, post-employment health care benefit plan, defined contribution health care benefit plan and obligations under the Labor Law.

Other long-term employee benefits consist of Long Service Awards (“LSA”), Long Service Leave (“LSL”), and pre-retirement benefits.

The cost of providing benefits under post-employment benefit plans and other long-term employee benefits calculation is performed by an independent actuary using the projected unit credit method.

The net obligations in respect of the defined pension benefit plans and post-retirement health care benefit plan are calculated at the present value of estimated future benefits that the employees have earned in return for their service in the current and prior periods less the fair value of plan assets. The present value of the defined benefit obligation is determined by discounting the estimated future cash outflows using interest rates of Government bonds that are denominated in the currencies in which the benefits will be paid and that have terms to maturity approximating the terms of the related retirement benefit obligation. Government bonds are used as there are no deep markets for high quality corporate bonds.

Plan assets are assets owned by defined benefit pension plan and post-retirement health care benefits plan as well as qualifying insurance policy. The assets are measured at fair value as of

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PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

reporting dates. The fair value of qualifying insurance policy is deemed to be the present value of the related obligations (subject to any reduction required if the amounts receivable under the insurance policies are not recoverable in full).

Remeasurement, comprising of actuarial gains and losses, the effect of the asset ceiling (excluding amounts included in net interest on the net defined benefit liability (asset)) and the return on plan assets (excluding amounts included in net interest on the net defined benefit liability (asset)) are recognized immediately in the consolidated statements of financial position with a corresponding debit or credit to retained earnings through OCI in the period in which they occur. Remeasurements are not reclassified to profit or loss in subsequent periods.

Past service costs are recognized immediately in profit or loss on the earlier of:

| · |  | The date of plan amendment or curtailment; and

| · |  | The date that the Group recognized restructuring-related costs.

Net interest is calculated by applying the discount rate to the net defined benefit liabilities or assets.

Gains or losses on curtailment are recognized when there is a commitment to make a material reduction in the number of employees covered by a plan or when there is an amendment of defined benefit plan terms such that a material element of future services to be provided by current employees will no longer qualify for benefits, or will qualify only for reduced benefits.

Gains or losses on settlement are recognized when there is a transaction that eliminates all further legal or constructive obligation for part or all of the benefits provided under a defined benefit plan (other than the payment of benefit in accordance with the program and included in the actuarial assumptions).

For defined contribution plans, the regular contributions constitute net periodic costs for the period in which they are due and, as such, are included in “Personnel Expenses” as they become payable.

iii. Share-based payments

The Company operates an equity-settled, share-based compensation plan. The fair value of the employees’ services rendered which are compensated with the Company’s shares is recognized as an expense in the consolidated statements of profit or loss and other comprehensive income and credited to additional paid-in capital at the grant date.

iv. Early retirement benefits

Early retirement benefits are accrued at the time the Group make a commitment to provide early retirement benefits as a result of an offer made in order to encourage voluntary redundancy. A commitment to a termination arises when, and only when a detailed formal plan for the early retirement cannot be withdrawn.

s. Income tax

Current and deferred income taxes are recognized as income or expense and included in the consolidated statements of profit or loss and other comprehensive income, except to the extent that

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PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

the tax arises from a transaction or event which is recognized directly in equity, in which case, the tax is recognized directly in equity.

Current tax assets and liabilities are measured at the amount expected to be recovered or paid using the tax rates and tax laws that have been enacted at each reporting date. Management periodically evaluates positions taken in tax returns with respect to situations in which applicable tax regulation is subject to interpretation. Where appropriate, management establishes provisions based on the amounts expected to be paid to the Tax Authorities.

The Group recognizes deferred tax assets and liabilities for temporary differences between the financial and tax bases of assets and liabilities at each reporting date. The Group also recognizes deferred tax assets resulting from the recognition of future tax benefits, such as the benefit of tax losses carried forward to the extent their future realization is probable. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted or substantively enacted tax rates and tax laws at each reporting date which are expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled.

The carrying amount of deferred tax asset is reviewed at the end of each reporting period and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable income will be available to allow the benefit of part or all of that deferred tax asset to be utilized. Tax deduction from the reversal of deferred tax assets is excluded from the estimation of future taxable income.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset in the consolidated statements of financial position, except if these are for different legal entities, in the same manner the current tax assets and liabilities are presented.

Amendment to taxation obligation is recorded when an assessment letter (“Surat Ketetapan Pajak” or “SKP”) is received or, if appealed against, when the results of the appeal are determined. The additional taxes and penalty imposed through SKP are recognized in the current year profit or loss, unless objection/appeal is taken. The additional taxes and penalty imposed through SKP are deferred as long as they meet the asset recognition criteria.

Indonesian tax regulations impose final tax on several types of transactions based on the gross value of the transaction. Therefore, such transaction remains subject to tax even though the taxpayer incurred a loss on the transaction.

Final income tax on construction services and lease is presented as part of “Other Expenses”.

t. Financial instruments

The Group classifies financial instruments into financial assets and financial liabilities. Financial assets and liabilities are recognized initially at fair value including transaction costs. These are subsequently measured either at fair value or amortized cost using the effective interest method in accordance with their classification.

i. Financial assets

The Group classifies its financial assets as (i) financial assets at fair value through profit or loss, (ii) loans and receivables, (iii) held-to-maturity investments or (iv) available-for-sale financial

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PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

assets. The classification depends on the purpose for which the financial assets are acquired. Management determines the classification of financial assets at initial recognition.

Purchases or sales of financial assets that require delivery of assets within a time frame established by regulation or convention in the marketplace (regular way trades) are recognized on the trade date, i.e., the date that the Group commits to purchase or sell the assets.

The Group’s financial assets include cash and cash equivalents, other current financial assets, trade and other receivables, other non-current assets, and available-for-sale investments.

a. Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss

Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss are financial assets classified as held for trading. A financial asset is classified as held for trading if it is acquired principally for the purpose of selling or repurchasing it in the near term and for which there is evidence of a recent actual pattern of short-term profit taking. Gains or losses arising from changes in fair value of the trading securities are presented as other income (expenses) in consolidated statements of profit or loss and other comprehensive income in the period in which they arise.

No financial assets were classified as financial assets at fair value through profit or loss as of December 31, 2016 and 2017.

b. Loans and receivables

Loans and receivables are non-derivative financial assets with fixed or determinable payments that are not quoted in an active market.

Loans and receivables consist of, among other assets, cash and cash equivalents, other current financial assets, trade and other receivables, and other non-current assets (long-term trade receivables and restricted cash).

These are initially recognized at fair value including transaction costs and subsequently measured at amortized cost, using the effective interest method.

c. Held-to-maturity investments

Held-to-maturity investments are non-derivative financial assets with fixed or determinable payments and fixed maturities on which management has the positive intention and ability to hold to maturity, other than:

| a) |  | those that the Group, upon initial recognition, designates as at fair value through profit or loss;

| b) |  | those that the Group designates as available-for-sale; and

| c) |  | those that meet the definition of loans and receivables.

No financial assets were classified as held-to-maturity investments as of December 31, 2016 and 2017.

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PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

d. Available-for-sale financial assets

Available-for-sale investments are non-derivative financial assets that are intended to be held for indefinite periods of time, which may be sold in response to needs for liquidity or changes in interest rates, exchange rates or that are not classified as loans and receivables, held-to-maturity investments or financial assets at fair value through profit or loss. Available-for-sale investments primarily consist of mutual funds, corporate and government bonds and capital stock, which are recorded as part of “Other Current Financial Assets” and “Long-term Investments” in the consolidated statements of financial position.

Available-for-sale investments are stated at fair value. Unrealized holding gains or losses on available-for-sale investments are excluded from income of the current period and are reported as a separate component in the equity section of the consolidated statements of financial position until realized. Realized gains or losses from the sale of available-for-sale investments are recognized in the consolidated statements of profit or loss and other comprehensive income, and are determined on the specific identification basis.

ii. Financial liabilities

The Group classifies its financial liabilities as (i) financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss or (ii) financial liabilities measured at amortized cost.

The Group’s financial liabilities include trade and other payables, accrued expenses, interest-bearing loans, other borrowings and other liabilities. Interest-bearing loans consist of short-term bank loans, two-step loans, bonds and notes, long-term bank loans and obligations under finance leases.

a. Financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss

Financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss are financial liabilities classified as held for trading. A financial liability is classified as held for trading if it is incurred principally for the purpose of selling or repurchasing it in the near term and for which there is evidence of a recent actual pattern of short-term profit taking.

No financial liabilities were categorized as held for trading as of December 31, 2016 and 2017.

b. Financial liabilities measured at amortized cost

Financial liabilities that are not classified as liabilities at fair value through profit or loss fall into this category and are measured at amortized cost. Financial liabilities measured at amortized cost are trade and other payables, accrued expenses, interest-bearing loans, other borrowings and other liabilities. Interest-bearing loans consist of short-term bank loans, two-step loans, bonds and notes, long-term bank loans and obligations under finance leases.

iii. Offsetting financial instruments

Financial assets and liabilities are offset and the net amount is reported in the consolidated statements of financial position when there is a legally enforceable right to offset the recognized amounts and there is an intention to settle them on a net basis, or realize the assets and settle the

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PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

liabilities simultaneously. The right of set-off must not be contingent on a future event and must be legally enforceable in all of the following circumstances:

| a. |  | the normal course of business;

| b. |  | the event of default; and

| c. |  | the event of insolvency or bankruptcy of the Group and all of the counterparties.

iv. Fair value of financial instruments

Fair value is the amount for which an asset could be exchanged, or liability settled, in an arm’s length transaction.

The fair value of financial instruments that are traded in active markets at each reporting date is determined by reference to quoted market prices, without any deduction for transaction costs.

For financial instruments not traded in an active market, the fair value is determined using appropriate valuation techniques. Such techniques may include using recent arm’s length market transactions, reference to the current fair value of another instrument that is substantially the same, a discounted cash flow analysis or other valuation models.

An analysis of fair values of financial instruments and further details as to how they are measured are provided in Note 35.

v. Impairment of financial assets

The Group assesses the impairment of financial assets if there is objective evidence that a loss event has a negative impact on the estimated future cash flows of the financial assets. Impairment is recognized when the loss can be reliably estimated. Losses expected as a result of future events, no matter how likely, are not recognized.

For financial assets carried at amortized cost, the Group first assesses whether impairment exists individually for financial assets that are individually significant, or collectively for financial assets that are not individually significant. If the Group determines that no objective evidence of impairment exists for an individually assessed financial asset, whether significant or not, it includes the asset in a group of financial assets with similar credit risk characteristics and collectively assesses them for impairment. Assets that are individually assessed for impairment and for which an impairment loss is, or continues to be, recognized are not included in the collective assessment of impairment.

The amount of any impairment loss identified is measured as the difference between the asset’s carrying amount and the present value of estimated future cash flows (excluding future expected credit losses that have not yet been incurred). The present value of the estimated future cash flows is discounted at the financial asset’s original effective interest rate. The carrying amount of the asset is reduced through the use of an allowance account and the loss is recognized in profit or loss.

For available-for-sale financial assets, the Group assesses at each reporting date whether there is objective evidence that an investment or a group of investments is impaired. When a decline in the fair value of an available-for-sale financial asset has been recognized in other comprehensive income and there is objective evidence that the asset is impaired, the cumulative loss that had

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PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

been recognized in other comprehensive income is recognized in profit or loss as an impairment loss. The amount of the cumulative loss is the difference between the acquisition cost (net of any principal repayment and amortization) and current fair value, less any impairment loss on that financial asset previously recognized.

vi. Derecognition of financial instrument

The Group derecognizes a financial asset when the contractual rights to the cash flows from the financial asset expire, or when the Group transfers substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership of the financial asset.

The Group derecognizes a financial liability when the obligation specified in the contract is discharged or cancelled or has expired.

u. Treasury stock

Reacquired Company shares of stock are accounted for at their reacquisition cost and classified as “Treasury Stock” and presented as a deduction in equity. The cost of treasury stock sold/transferred is accounted for using the weighted average method. The portion of treasury stock transferred for employee stock ownership program is accounted for at its fair value at grant date. The difference between the cost and the proceeds from the sale/transfer of treasury stock is credited to “Additional Paid-in Capital”.

v. Dividends

Dividend for distribution to the stockholders is recognized as a liability in the consolidated financial statements in the year in which the dividend is approved by the stockholders. The interim dividend is recognized as a liability based on the Board of Directors’ decision supported by the approval from the Board of Commissioners.

w. Basic and diluted earnings per share and per ADS

Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing profit for the year attributable to owners of the parent company by the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the year. Income per ADS is computed by multiplying the basic earnings per share by 100, the number of shares represented by each ADS.

The Company does not have potentially dilutive financial instruments.

x. Segment information

The Group’s segment information is presented based upon identified operating segments. An operating segment is a component of an entity: a) that engages in business activities from which it may earn revenues and incur expenses (including revenues and expenses relating to transactions with other components of the same entity); b) whose operating results are regularly reviewed by the Group’s Chief Operating Decision Maker ("CODM") i.e., the Directors, to make decisions about resources to be allocated to the segment and assess its performance; and c) for which discrete financial information is available.

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PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

y. Provisions

Provisions are recognized when the Group has present obligations (legal or constructive) arising from past events and it is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligations and the amount can be measured reliably.

Provisions for onerous contracts are recognized when the contract becomes onerous for the lower of the cost of fulfilling the contract and any compensation or penalties arising from failure to fulfill the contract.

z. Impairment of non-financial assets

At the end of each reporting period, the Group assesses whether there is an indication that an asset may be impaired. If such indication exists, the recoverable amount is estimated for the individual asset. If it is not possible to estimate the recoverable amount of the individual asset, the Group determines the recoverable amount of the Cash-Generating Unit (“CGU”) to which the asset belongs (“the asset’s CGU”).

The recoverable amount of an asset (either individual asset or CGU) is the higher of the asset’s fair value less costs to sell and its value in use (“VIU”). Where the carrying amount of the asset exceeds its recoverable amount, the asset is considered impaired and is written down to its recoverable amount. In assessing the value in use, the estimated net future cash flows are discounted to their present value using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the asset.

In determining fair value less costs to sell, recent market transactions are taken into account, if available. If no such transactions can be identified, the Group uses an appropriate valuation model to determine the fair value of the asset. These calculations are corroborated by valuation multiples or other available fair value indicators.

Impairment losses of continuing operations are recognized in profit or loss as part of “Depreciation and Amortization” in the consolidated statements of profit or loss and other comprehensive income.

At the end of each reporting period, the Group assesses whether there is any indication that previously recognized impairment losses for an asset, other than goodwill, may no longer exist or may have decreased. If such indication exists, the recoverable amount is estimated. A previously recognized impairment loss for an asset, other than goodwill, is reversed only if there has been a change in the assumptions used to determine the asset’s recoverable amount since the last impairment loss was recognized. The reversal is limited such that the carrying amount of the asset does not exceed its recoverable amount, nor exceeds the carrying amount that would have been determined, net of depreciation, had no impairment been recognized for the asset in prior periods. Reversal of an impairment loss is recognized in profit or loss.

Goodwill is tested for impairment annually and when circumstances indicate that the carrying value may be impaired. Impairment is determined for goodwill by assessing the recoverable amount of each CGU (or group of CGUs) to which the goodwill relates. When the recoverable amount of the CGU is less than its carrying amount, an impairment loss is recognized. Impairment loss relating to goodwill can not be reversed in future periods.

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PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

aa. Critical accounting estimates and assumptions

Estimates and assumptions are continually evaluated and are based on historical experience and other factors, including expectations of future events that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances.

The Group makes estimates and assumptions concerning the future. The resulting accounting estimates will, by definition, seldom equal the related actual results. The estimates and assumptions at the reporting date, that have a significant risk of causing a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities within the next financial year, are addressed below.

i. Retirement benefits

The present value of the retirement benefit obligations depends on a number of factors that are determined on an actuarial basis using a number of assumptions. The assumptions used in determining the net cost (income) for pensions include the discount rate and return on investment. Any changes in these assumptions will impact the carrying amount of the retirement benefit obligations.

The Group determines the appropriate discount rate at the end of each reporting period. This is the interest rate that should be used to determine the present value of estimated future cash outflows expected to be required to settle the obligations. In determining the appropriate discount rate, the Group considers the interest rates of Government bonds that are denominated in the currency in which the benefits will be paid and that have terms to maturity approximating the terms of the related retirement benefit obligations.

If there is an improvement in the ratings of such Government bonds or a decrease in interest rates as a result of improving economic conditions, there could be a material impact on the discount rate used in determining the post-employment benefit obligations.

Other key assumptions for retirement benefit obligations are based in part on current market conditions. Additional information is disclosed in Notes 29 and 30.

ii. Useful lives of property and equipment

The Group estimates the useful lives of its property and equipment based on expected asset utilization, considering strategic business plans, expected future technological developments and market behavior. The estimates of useful lives of property and equipment are based on the Group’s collective assessment of industry practice, internal technical evaluation and experience with similar assets.

The Group reviews its estimates of useful lives at least each financial year-end and such estimates are updated if expectations differ from previous estimates due to changes in expectation of physical wear and tear, technical or commercial obsolescence and legal or other limitations on the continuing use of the assets. The amounts of recorded expenses for any year will be affected by changes in these factors and circumstances. A change in the estimated useful lives of the property and equipment is a change in accounting estimates and is applied prospectively in profit or loss in the period of the change and future periods.

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PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

Details of the nature and carrying amounts of property and equipment are disclosed in Note 10.

iii. Provision for impairment of receivables

The Group assesses whether there is objective evidence that trade and other receivables have been impaired at the end of each reporting period. Provision for impairment of receivables is calculated based on a review of the current status of existing receivables and historical collection experience. Such provisions are adjusted periodically to reflect the actual and anticipated experience. Details of the nature and carrying amounts of provision for impairment of receivables are disclosed in Note 6.

iv. Income taxes

Significant judgment is required in determining the provision for income taxes. There are many transactions and calculations for which the ultimate tax determination is uncertain. The Group recognizes liabilities for anticipated tax audit issues based on estimates of whether additional taxes will be due. Where the final tax outcome of these matters is different from the amounts that were initially recorded, such differences will impact the current and deferred income tax assets and liabilities in the year in which such determination is made. Details of the nature and carrying amounts of income tax are disclosed in Note 28.

3. TRANSLATION OF INDONESIAN RUPIAH INTO UNITED STATES DOLLAR

The consolidated financial statements are stated in Indonesian rupiah. The translation of the Indonesian rupiah amounts into U.S. dollar amounts are included solely for the convenience of the readers and has been made using the average of the market buy and sell rates of Rp13,567.5 to US$1 as published by Reuters on December 29, 2017. The convenience translation should not be construed as representations that the Indonesian rupiah amounts have been, could have been, or could in the future be, converted into U.S. dollar at this or any other rate of exchange.

4. CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS

The breakdown of cash and cash equivalents is as follows:

|  |  |  | 2016 |  | 2017
|  |  |  | Balance |  | Balance
|  |  |  | Original currency |  |  |  | Original currency |  |
|  | Currency |  | (in millions) |  | Rupiah equivalent |  | (in millions) |  | Rupiah equivalent
Cash on hand |  | Rp |  | — |  | 10 |  | — |  | 12
Cash in banks |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Related parties |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
PT Bank Mandiri (Persero) Tbk (“Bank Mandiri”) |  | Rp |  | — |  | 1,897 |  | — |  | 1,481
|  | US$ |  | 41 |  | 548 |  | 27 |  | 367
|  | JPY |  | 6 |  | 1 |  | 7 |  | 1
|  | EUR |  | 1 |  | 11 |  | 1 |  | 17
|  | HKD |  | 1 |  | 1 |  | 1 |  | 2
|  | AUD |  | 0 |  | 0 |  | 0 |  | 0

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PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

|  |  |  | 2016 |  | 2017
|  |  |  | Balance |  | Balance
|  |  |  | Original currency |  |  |  | Original currency |  |
|  | Currency |  | (in millions) |  | Rupiah equivalent |  | (in millions) |  | Rupiah equivalent
PT Bank Negara Indonesia (Persero) Tbk (“BNI”) |  | Rp |  | — |  | 581 |  | — |  | 968
|  | US$ |  | 6 |  | 84 |  | 1 |  | 13
|  | EUR |  | 5 |  | 68 |  | 0 |  | 6
|  | SGD |  | 0 |  | 0 |  | 0 |  | 0
PT Bank Rakyat Indonesia (Persero) Tbk (“BRI”) |  | Rp |  | — |  | 95 |  | — |  | 466
|  | US$ |  | 8 |  | 107 |  | 6 |  | 82
Others |  | Rp |  | — |  | 29 |  | — |  | 47
|  | US$ |  | 0 |  | 0 |  | 0 |  | 1
Sub-total |  |  |  |  |  | 3,422 |  |  |  | 3,451
Third parties |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
PT Bank Permata Tbk (“Bank Permata”) |  | Rp |  | — |  | 14 |  | — |  | 278
|  | US$ |  | 7 |  | 96 |  | 0 |  | 2
The Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation Ltd. (“HSBC”) |  | US$ |  | 13 |  | 176 |  | 14 |  | 184
|  | HKD |  | 2 |  | 4 |  | 4 |  | 6
Standard Chartered Bank (“SCB”) |  | Rp |  | — |  | 0 |  | — |  | 0
|  | US$ |  | 6 |  | 74 |  | 11 |  | 154
|  | SGD |  | 5 |  | 43 |  | 0 |  | 1
Development Bank of Singapore (”DBS”) |  | Rp |  | — |  | 101 |  | — |  | 24
|  | US$ |  | 0 |  | 0 |  | 0 |  | 0
Others |  | Rp |  | — |  | 150 |  | — |  | 334
|  | US$ |  | 5 |  | 69 |  | 4 |  | 61
|  | SGD |  | 0 |  | 0 |  | 0 |  | 2
|  | EUR |  | 0 |  | 1 |  | 1 |  | 20
|  | AUD |  | 1 |  | 12 |  | 0 |  | 1
|  | TWD |  | 3 |  | 1 |  | 8 |  | 4
|  | MYR |  | 0 |  | 0 |  | 2 |  | 8
|  | HKD |  | 0 |  | 0 |  | 0 |  | 0
|  | MOP |  | 0 |  | 1 |  | 0 |  | 0
Sub-total |  |  |  |  |  | 742 |  |  |  | 1,079
Total cash in banks |  |  |  |  |  | 4,164 |  |  |  | 4,530
Time deposits |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Related parties |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
BNI |  | Rp |  | — |  | 4,043 |  | — |  | 5,315
|  | US$ |  | 25 |  | 336 |  | 9 |  | 116
BRI |  | Rp |  | — |  | 4,076 |  | — |  | 4,954
|  | US$ |  | 47 |  | 632 |  | 15 |  | 203

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PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

|  |  |  | 2016 |  | 2017
|  |  |  | Balance |  | Balance
|  |  |  | Original currency |  |  |  | Original currency |  |
|  | Currency |  | (in millions) |  | Rupiah equivalent |  | (in millions) |  | Rupiah equivalent
PT Bank Tabungan Negara (Persero) Tbk (“Bank BTN”) |  | Rp |  | — |  | 3,356 |  | — |  | 2,958
PT Bank Pembangunan Daerah Jawa Barat dan Banten Tbk (“BJB”) |  | Rp |  | — |  | 2,020 |  | — |  | 1,726
Bank Mandiri |  | Rp |  | — |  | 1,552 |  | — |  | 446
|  | US$ |  | 5 |  | 67 |  | — |  | —
Others |  | Rp |  | — |  | 27 |  | — |  | 67
Sub-total |  |  |  |  |  | 16,109 |  |  |  | 15,785
Time deposits (continued) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Third parties |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
PT Bank Mega Tbk (“Bank Mega”) |  | Rp |  | — |  | 1,226 |  | — |  | 1,243
|  | US$ |  | 14 |  | 185 |  | — |  | —
PT Bank OCBC NISP Tbk (“OCBC NISP”) |  | Rp |  | — |  | 1,550 |  | — |  | 1,200
|  | US$ |  | 10 |  | 134 |  | — |  | —
PT Bank Tabungan Pensiunan Nasional Tbk (“BTPN”) |  | Rp |  | — |  | 461 |  | — |  | 676
|  | US$ |  | — |  | — |  | 30 |  | 401
PT Bank CIMB Niaga Tbk (“Bank CIMB Niaga”) |  | Rp |  | — |  | 2,025 |  | — |  | 600
|  | US$ |  | — |  | — |  | 2 |  | 31
PT Bank UOB Indonesia (“UOB”) |  | Rp |  | — |  | 1,345 |  | — |  | —
|  | US$ |  | — |  | — |  | 20 |  | 263
SCB |  | US$ |  | 18 |  | 242 |  | 10 |  | 136
|  | SGD |  | 15 |  | 139 |  | — |  | —
PT Bank Muamalat Indonesia Tbk |  | Rp |  | — |  | 305 |  | — |  | 91
PT Bank ANZ Indonesia ("ANZ") |  | Rp |  | — |  | 200 |  | — |  | 5
|  | US$ |  | — |  | — |  | 5 |  | 73
PT Bank Bukopin Tbk (“Bank Bukopin”) |  | Rp |  | — |  | 148 |  | — |  | 22
Bank Permata |  | Rp |  | — |  | 1,492 |  | — |  | —
Others |  | Rp |  | — |  | 32 |  | — |  | 30
|  | MYR |  | — |  | — |  | 14 |  | 47
Sub-total |  |  |  |  |  | 9,484 |  |  |  | 4,818
Total time deposits |  |  |  |  |  | 25,593 |  |  |  | 20,603
Total |  |  |  |  |  | 29,767 |  |  |  | 25,145

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PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

Interest rates per annum on time deposits are as follows:

|  | 2016 |  | 2017
Rupiah |  | 3.20%‑10.00% |  | 2.85%‑8.50%
Foreign currencies |  | 0.10%‑2.00% |  | 0.40%‑3.50%

The related parties in which the Group places its funds are state-owned banks. The Group placed the majority of its cash and cash equivalents in these banks because they have the most extensive branch networks in Indonesia and are considered to be financially sound banks, as they are owned by the State.

Refer to Note 31 for details of related party transactions.

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PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

5. OTHER CURRENT FINANCIAL ASSETS

The breakdown of other current financial assets is as follows:

|  |  |  | 2016 |  | 2017
|  |  |  | Balance |  | Balance
|  |  |  | Original currency |  |  |  | Original currency |  |
|  | Currency |  | (in millions) |  | Rupiah equivalent |  | (in millions) |  | Rupiah equivalent
Time deposits |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Related parties |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
BRI |  | Rp |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 2
BNI |  | Rp |  | — |  | 63 |  | — |  | —
Third parties |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
UOB |  | US$ |  | 1 |  | 13 |  | 14 |  | 191
SCB |  | US$ |  | — |  | — |  | 8 |  | 109
Others |  | Rp |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 23
Total time deposits |  |  |  |  |  | 76 |  |  |  | 325
Available-for-sale financial assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Related parties |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
PT Mandiri Manajemen Investasi |  | Rp |  | — |  | 500 |  | — |  | 711
PT Bahana TCW Investment Management (”Bahana TCW”) |  | Rp |  | — |  | 559 |  | — |  | 360
State-owned enterprises |  | US$ |  | 4 |  | 55 |  | — |  | —
Others |  | Rp |  | — |  | 17 |  | — |  | 97
|  | US$ |  | 2 |  | 27 |  | — |  | —
Total available-for-sale financial assets |  |  |  |  |  | 1,158 |  |  |  | 1,168
Escrow accounts |  | Rp |  | — |  | 112 |  | — |  | 318
|  | US$ |  | 2 |  | 22 |  | 6 |  | 78
|  | MYR |  | — |  | — |  | 5 |  | 15
Others |  | Rp |  | — |  | 98 |  | — |  | 263
|  | US$ |  | — |  | — |  | 0 |  | 6
|  | MYR |  | — |  | — |  | 0 |  | 0
|  | AUD |  | 0 |  | 5 |  | 0 |  | 0
Total |  |  |  |  |  | 1,471 |  |  |  | 2,173

The time deposits have maturities of more than three months but not more than one year, with interest rates as follows:

|  | 2016 |  | 2017
Rupiah |  | 5.75%‑6.00% |  | 6.00%‑7.00%
Foreign currency |  | 0.58%‑1.64% |  | 1.38%‑1.64%

Refer to Note 31 for details of related party transactions.

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PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

6. TRADE AND OTHER RECEIVABLES

The breakdown of trade and other receivables is as follows:

|  | 2016 |  | 2017
Trade receivables |  | 10,353 |  | 13,553
Provision for impairment of receivables |  | (2,990) |  | (4,331)
Net |  | 7,363 |  | 9,222
Other receivables |  | 542 |  | 346
Provision for impairment of receivables |  | (5) |  | (4)
Net |  | 537 |  | 342
Total trade and other receivables |  | 7,900 |  | 9,564

Trade receivables arise from services provided to both retail and non-retail customers, with details as follows:

a. By debtor

(i) Related parties

|  | 2016 |  | 2017
State-owned enterprises |  | 151 |  | 721
Government agencies |  | 676 |  | 519
Indonusa |  | 431 |  | 465
PT Indosat Tbk (“Indosat”) |  | 370 |  | 372
Others |  | 348 |  | 670
Total |  | 1,976 |  | 2,747
Provision for impairment of receivables |  | (488) |  | (883)
Net |  | 1,488 |  | 1,864

(ii) Third parties

|  | 2016 |  | 2017
Individual and business subscribers |  | 7,125 |  | 9,289
Overseas international carriers |  | 1,252 |  | 1,517
Total |  | 8,377 |  | 10,806
Provision for impairment of receivables |  | (2,502) |  | (3,448)
Net |  | 5,875 |  | 7,358

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PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

b. By age

(i) Related parties

|  | 2016 |  | 2017
Up to 3 months |  | 1,065 |  | 1,721
3 to 6 months |  | 100 |  | 107
More than 6 months |  | 811 |  | 919
Total |  | 1,976 |  | 2,747
Provision for impairment of receivables |  | (488) |  | (883)
Net |  | 1,488 |  | 1,864

(ii) Third parties

|  | 2016 |  | 2017
Up to 3 months |  | 5,191 |  | 6,493
3 to 6 months |  | 597 |  | 681
More than 6 months |  | 2,589 |  | 3,632
Total |  | 8,377 |  | 10,806
Provision for impairment of receivables |  | (2,502) |  | (3,448)
Net |  | 5,875 |  | 7,358

(iii) Aging of total trade receivables

|  | 2016 |  | 2017
|  |  |  | Provision for |  |  |  | Provision for
|  |  |  | impairment of |  |  |  | impairment of
|  | Gross |  | receivables |  | Gross |  | receivables
Not past due |  | 4,535 |  | 177 |  | 6,788 |  | 920
Past due up to 3 months |  | 1,721 |  | 401 |  | 1,426 |  | 281
Past due more than 3 to 6 months |  | 697 |  | 495 |  | 788 |  | 258
Past due more than 6 months |  | 3,400 |  | 1,917 |  | 4,551 |  | 2,872
Total |  | 10,353 |  | 2,990 |  | 13,553 |  | 4,331

The Group has made provision for impairment of trade receivables based on the collective assessment of historical impairment rates and individual assessment of its customers’ credit history. The Group does not apply a distinction between related party and third party receivables in assessing amounts past due. As of December 31, 2016 and 2017, the carrying amounts of trade receivables of the Group considered past due but not impaired amounted to Rp3,005 billion and Rp3,354 billion, respectively. Management believes that receivables past due but not impaired, along with trade receivables that are neither past due nor impaired, are due from customers with good credit history and are expected to be recoverable.

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PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

c. By currency

(i) Related parties

|  | 2016 |  | 2017
Rupiah |  | 1,976 |  | 2,706
U.S. dollar |  | 0 |  | 41
Others |  | 0 |  | 0
Total |  | 1,976 |  | 2,747
Provision for impairment of receivables |  | (488) |  | (883)
Net |  | 1,488 |  | 1,864

(ii) Third parties

|  | 2016 |  | 2017
Rupiah |  | 6,889 |  | 9,781
U.S. dollar |  | 1,437 |  | 968
Australian dollar |  | 40 |  | 19
Others |  | 11 |  | 38
Total |  | 8,377 |  | 10,806
Provision for impairment of receivables |  | (2,502) |  | (3,448)
Net |  | 5,875 |  | 7,358

d. Movements in the provision for impairment of receivables

|  | 2016 |  | 2017
Beginning balance |  | 3,048 |  | 2,990
Provision recognized during the year (Note 27) |  | 743 |  | 1,494
Receivables written off |  | (801) |  | (153)
Ending balance |  | 2,990 |  | 4,331

The receivables written off relate to both related party and third party trade receivables.

Management believes that the provision for impairment of trade receivables is adequate to cover losses on uncollectible trade receivables.

As of December 31, 2017, certain trade receivables of the subsidiaries amounting to Rp6,888 billion have been pledged as collateral under lending agreements (Notes 16 and 17c).

Refer to Note 31 for details of related party transactions.

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PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

7. INVENTORIES

The breakdown of inventories is as follows:

|  | 2016 |  | 2017
Components |  | 299 |  | 447
SIM cards and blank prepaid vouchers |  | 168 |  | 168
Others |  | 164 |  | 69
Total |  | 631 |  | 684
Provision for obsolescence |  |  |  |
SIM cards and blank prepaid vouchers |  | (29) |  | (29)
Components |  | (18) |  | (24)
Others |  | (0) |  | (0)
Total |  | (47) |  | (53)
Net |  | 584 |  | 631

Movements in the provision for obsolescence are as follows:

|  | 2016 |  | 2017
Beginning balance |  | 41 |  | 47
Provision recognized during the year |  | 11 |  | 6
Inventory written off |  | (5) |  | —
Ending balance |  | 47 |  | 53

The inventories recognized as expense and included in operations, maintenance and telecommunication service expenses as of December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017 amounted to Rp1,937 billion, Rp2,105 billion, and Rp2,458 billion, respectively (Note 26).

Management believes that the provision is adequate to cover losses from decline in inventory value due to obsolescence.

Certain inventories of the subsidiaries amounting to Rp231 billion have been pledged as collateral under lending agreements (Note 17c).

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017, modules and components held by the Group with book value amounting to Rp199 billion and Rp143 billion, respectively, have been insured against fire, theft and other specific risks. Modules are recorded as part of property and equipment. Total sum insured as of December 31, 2016 and 2017 amounted to Rp220 billion and Rp256 billion, respectively.

Management believes that the insurance coverage is adequate to cover potential losses of inventories arising from the insured risks.

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PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

8. OTHER CURRENT ASSETS

The breakdown of other current assets is as follows:

|  | 2016 |  | 2017
Frequency license (Note 33c.i) |  | 3,056 |  | 3,760
Prepaid rental |  | 1,234 |  | 1,349
Advances |  | 394 |  | 1,156
Prepaid salaries |  | 229 |  | 227
Advance to employee |  | 32 |  | 35
Others |  | 301 |  | 656
Total |  | 5,246 |  | 7,183

Refer to Note 31 for details of related party transactions.

9. LONG-TERM INVESTMENTS

The details of long-term investments as of December 31, 2016 are as follows:

|  | 2016
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Share of other |  |
|  | Percentage of |  | Beginning |  | Additions |  | Share of net |  |  |  | comprehensive |  |
|  | ownership |  | balance |  | (deductions) |  | profit (loss) |  | Dividend |  | income |  | Ending balance
Long-term investments in associated companies: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Tiphone a |  | 24.43 |  | 1,404 |  | — |  | 108 |  | (23) |  | (1) |  | 1,488
Indonusa b |  | 20.00 |  | 221 |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 221
Teltranet c |  | 51.00 |  | 71 |  | — |  | (33) |  | — |  | — |  | 38
Melon d |  | 51.00 |  | 50 |  | (67) |  | 17 |  | — |  | — |  | —
PT Integrasi Logistic Cipta Solusi (“ILCS”)e |  | 49.00 |  | 40 |  | — |  | 2 |  | — |  | — |  | 42
Others f |  | 25.00-49.00 |  | 6 |  | — |  | (6) |  | — |  | — |  | —
Sub-total |  |  |  | 1,792 |  | (67) |  | 88 |  | (23) |  | (1) |  | 1,789
Other long-term investments |  |  |  | 15 |  | 43 |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 58
Total long-term investments |  |  |  | 1,807 |  | (24) |  | 88 |  | (23) |  | (1) |  | 1,847

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PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

Summarized financial information of the Group’s investments accounted for under the equity method for 2016*:

|  | Tiphone |  | Indonusa |  | Teltranet |  | ILCS |  | Others
Statements of financial position |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Current assets |  | 7,709 |  | 170 |  | 66 |  | 131 |  | 170
Non-current assets |  | 743 |  | 444 |  | 88 |  | 29 |  | 771
Current liabilities |  | (1,248) |  | (532) |  | (78) |  | (73) |  | (629)
Non-current liabilities |  | (3,762) |  | (405) |  | (2) |  | (1) |  | (1,212)
Equity (deficit) |  | 3,442 |  | (323) |  | 74 |  | 86 |  | (900)
Statements of profit or loss and other comprehensive income |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Revenues |  | 27,310 |  | 605 |  | 66 |  | 116 |  | 139
Operating expenses |  | (26,445) |  | (583) |  | (149) |  | (112) |  | (264)
Other income (expenses) - net |  | (231) |  | (17) |  | (3) |  | 0 |  | (88)
Profit (loss) before tax |  | 634 |  | 5 |  | (86) |  | 4 |  | (213)
Income tax benefit (expense) |  | (166) |  | (33) |  | 21 |  | 0 |  | —
Profit (loss) for the year |  | 468 |  | (28) |  | (65) |  | 4 |  | (213)
Other comprehensive income |  | (5) |  | 7 |  | 0 |  | (0) |  | —
Total comprehensive income for the year |  | 463 |  | (21) |  | (65) |  | 4 |  | (213)

The details of long-term investments as of December 31, 2017 are as follows:

|  | 2017
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Share of other |  |
|  | Percentage of |  | Beginning |  | Additions |  | Share of net |  |  |  | comprehensive |  |
|  | ownership |  | balance |  | (deductions) |  | profit (loss) |  | Dividend |  | income |  | Ending balance
Long-term investments in associated companies: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Tiphone a |  | 24.00 |  | 1,488 |  | — |  | 80 |  | (28) |  | (1) |  | 1,539
Indonusa b |  | 20.00 |  | 221 |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 221
Teltranet c |  | 51.00 |  | 38 |  | — |  | (20) |  | — |  | — |  | 18
ILCS e |  | 49.00 |  | 42 |  | — |  | 1 |  | — |  | — |  | 43
PT Graha Sakura Nusantara ("GSN")g |  | 45.00 |  | — |  | 14 |  | 0 |  | — |  | — |  | 14
Others f |  | 25.00 - 49.00 |  | — |  | 4 |  | (0) |  | — |  | (0) |  | 4
Sub-total |  |  |  | 1,789 |  | 18 |  | 61 |  | (28) |  | (1) |  | 1,839
Other long-term investments |  |  |  | 58 |  | 251 |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 309
Total long-term investments |  |  |  | 1,847 |  | 269 |  | 61 |  | (28) |  | (1) |  | 2,148

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PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

Summarized financial information of the Group’s investments accounted for under the equity method for 2017*:

|  | Tiphone |  | Indonusa |  | Teltranet |  | ILCS |  | GSN |  | Others
Statements of financial position |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Current assets |  | 8,084 |  | 307 |  | 174 |  | 145 |  | 1 |  | 190
Non-current assets |  | 994 |  | 415 |  | 101 |  | 32 |  | 185 |  | 606
Current liabilities |  | (2,107) |  | (877) |  | (149) |  | (87) |  | (27) |  | (724)
Non-current liabilities |  | (3,255) |  | (177) |  | (90) |  | (2) |  | (129) |  | (1,882)
Equity (deficit) |  | 3,716 |  | (332) |  | 36 |  | 88 |  | 30 |  | (1,810)
Statements of profit or loss and other comprehensive income |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Revenues |  | 27,914 |  | 692 |  | 209 |  | 122 |  | 0 |  | 106
Operating expenses |  | (27,217) |  | (333) |  | (255) |  | (116) |  | (0) |  | (287)
Other expenses - net |  | (246) |  | (364) |  | (5) |  | (4) |  | — |  | (19)
Profit (loss) before tax |  | 451 |  | (5) |  | (51) |  | 2 |  | 0 |  | (200)
Income tax benefit (expense) |  | (116) |  | — |  | 13 |  | 1 |  | — |  | —
Profit (loss) for the year |  | 335 |  | (5) |  | (38) |  | 3 |  | 0 |  | (200)
Other comprehensive income |  | (3) |  | — |  | (0) |  | (0) |  | — |  | —
Total comprehensive income for the year |  | 332 |  | (5) |  | (38) |  | 3 |  | 0 |  | (200)

*The summarized financial information of associated companies above were prepared under Indonesian Financial Accounting Standards (IFAS). There is no material difference between IFAS and IFRS.

| a |  | Tiphone was established on June 25, 2008 as PT Tiphone Mobile Indonesia Tbk. Tiphone is engaged in the telecommunication equipment business, such as celullar phone including spare parts, accessories, pulse reload vouchers, repair service and content provider through its subsidiaries. On September 18, 2014, the Company through PINS acquired 25% ownership in Tiphone for Rp1,395 billion.

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017, the fair value of the investment amounted to Rp1,500 billion and Rp1,755 billion, respectively. The fair value was calculated by multiplying the number of shares by the published price quotation as of December 31, 2016 and 2017 amounting to Rp855 and Rp1,000 per share, respectively.

Reconciliation of financial information to the carrying amount of long-term investment in Tiphone as of December 31, 2016 and 2017 is as follows:

|  | 2016 |  | 2017
Assets |  | 8,452 |  | 9,078
Liabilities |  | (5,010) |  | (5,362)
Net assets |  | 3,442 |  | 3,716
Group’s proportionate share of net assets (24.43% in 2016 and 24.00% in 2017) |  | 841 |  | 892
Goodwill |  | 647 |  | 647
Carrying amount of long-term investment |  | 1,488 |  | 1,539

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PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

| b |  | Indonusa had been a subsidiary of the Company until 2013 when the Company disposed 80% of its interest in Indonusa. On May 14, 2014, based on the Circular Resolution of the Stockholders of Indonusa as covered by notarial deed No. 57 dated April 23, 2014 of FX Budi Santoso Isbandi, S.H., which was approved by the MoLHR in its Letter No. AHU-02078.40.20.2014 dated April 29, 2014, Indonusa’s stockholders approved an increase in its issued and fully paid capital by Rp80 billion. The Company waived its right to own the new shares issued and transferred it to Metra, as the result, Metra’s ownership in Indonusa increased to 4.33% and the Company’s ownership become 15.67%.

| c |  | Investment in Teltranet is accounted for under the equity method, which covered by an agreement between Metra and Telstra Holding Singapore Pte. Ltd. dated August 29, 2014. Teltranet is engaged in communication system services. Metra does not have control to determine the financial and operating policies of Teltranet.

| d |  | Melon previously was an associated company. In 2016, the Group purchased 49% shares in Melon through Metranet, therefore Melon became a consolidated subsidiary (Note 1d).

| e |  | ILCS is engaged in providing E-trade logistic services and other related services.

| f |  | The unrecognized share of losses in other investments for the year ended and cumulatively as of December 31, 2017 are Rp56 billion and Rp286 billion, respectively.

| g |  | On August 31, 2017, NSI and third party established GSN which engaged in real estate, residential and apartment marketing business.

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PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

10. PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT

The details of property and equipment are as follows:

|  | December 31, |  | Business |  |  |  |  |  | Reclassifications/ |  | December 31,
|  | 2015 |  | acquisitions |  | Additions |  | Deductions |  | Translations |  | 2016
At cost: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Land rights |  | 1,270 |  | 89 |  | 59 |  | (1) |  | — |  | 1,417
Buildings |  | 6,033 |  | 10 |  | 311 |  | (3) |  | 1,486 |  | 7,837
Leasehold improvements |  | 1,036 |  | — |  | 13 |  | (37) |  | 104 |  | 1,116
Switching equipment |  | 19,872 |  | — |  | 218 |  | (160) |  | 609 |  | 20,539
Telegraph, telex and data communication equipment |  | 876 |  | — |  | 751 |  | (41) |  | — |  | 1,586
Transmission installation and equipment |  | 124,989 |  | — |  | 2,832 |  | (12,134) |  | 11,221 |  | 126,908
Satellite, earth station and equipment |  | 8,146 |  | — |  | 80 |  | — |  | 219 |  | 8,445
Cable network |  | 38,086 |  | — |  | 6,746 |  | (302) |  | 460 |  | 44,990
Power supply |  | 13,912 |  | — |  | 286 |  | (77) |  | 1,116 |  | 15,237
Data processing equipment |  | 11,414 |  | 12 |  | 395 |  | (138) |  | 916 |  | 12,599
Other telecommunication peripherals |  | 634 |  | — |  | 73 |  | — |  | (5) |  | 702
Office equipment |  | 1,135 |  | 5 |  | 142 |  | (12) |  | 259 |  | 1,529
Vehicles |  | 569 |  | — |  | 123 |  | (169) |  | (1) |  | 522
CPE assets |  | 22 |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 22
Other equipment |  | 99 |  | — |  | 1 |  | — |  | — |  | 100
Property under construction |  | 4,580 |  | — |  | 17,169 |  | — |  | (17,199) |  | 4,550
Total |  | 232,673 |  | 116 |  | 29,199 |  | (13,074) |  | (815) |  | 248,099

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PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

|  | December 31, |  |  |  |  |  | Reclassifications/ |  | December 31,
|  | 2015 |  | Additions |  | Deductions |  | Translations |  | 2016
Accumulated depreciation and impairment losses: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Land rights |  | 245 |  | 24 |  | (0) |  | (1) |  | 268
Buildings |  | 2,141 |  | 290 |  | (2) |  | 6 |  | 2,435
Leasehold improvements |  | 623 |  | 106 |  | (37) |  | — |  | 692
Switching equipment |  | 15,261 |  | 1,590 |  | (160) |  | (1) |  | 16,690
Telegraph, telex and data communication equipment |  | 4 |  | 329 |  | — |  | — |  | 333
Transmission installation and equipment |  | 65,399 |  | 10,499 |  | (11,501) |  | (32) |  | 64,365
Satellite, earth station and equipment |  | 6,706 |  | 415 |  | — |  | (23) |  | 7,098
Cable network |  | 19,706 |  | 1,545 |  | (302) |  | (455) |  | 20,494
Power supply |  | 9,132 |  | 1,225 |  | (70) |  | (25) |  | 10,262
Data processing equipment |  | 8,556 |  | 1,114 |  | (118) |  | (40) |  | 9,512
Other telecommunication peripherals |  | 386 |  | 77 |  | — |  | (1) |  | 462
Office equipment |  | 764 |  | 184 |  | (11) |  | 3 |  | 940
Vehicles |  | 179 |  | 88 |  | (66) |  | (1) |  | 200
CPE assets |  | 17 |  | 2 |  | — |  | — |  | 19
Other equipment |  | 99 |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 99
Total |  | 129,218 |  | 17,488 |  | (12,267) |  | (570) |  | 133,869
Net book value |  | 103,455 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 114,230

|  | December 31, |  | Business |  |  |  |  |  | Reclassifications/ |  | December 31,
|  | 2016 |  | acquisitions |  | Additions |  | Deductions |  | Translations |  | 2017
At cost: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Land rights |  | 1,417 |  | 40 |  | 62 |  | — |  | — |  | 1,519
Buildings |  | 7,837 |  | 39 |  | 211 |  | (3) |  | 1,718 |  | 9,802
Leasehold improvements |  | 1,116 |  | — |  | 34 |  | (25) |  | 132 |  | 1,257
Switching equipment |  | 20,539 |  | 69 |  | 556 |  | (977) |  | (1,675) |  | 18,512
Telegraph, telex and data communication equipment |  | 1,586 |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | (3) |  | 1,583
Transmission installation and equipment |  | 126,908 |  | — |  | 2,648 |  | (4,489) |  | 14,314 |  | 139,381
Satellite, earth station and equipment |  | 8,445 |  | 573 |  | 1,233 |  | (2,202) |  | 1,251 |  | 9,300
Cable network |  | 44,990 |  | — |  | 5,715 |  | (694) |  | (2,657) |  | 47,354
Power supply |  | 15,237 |  | — |  | 222 |  | (456) |  | 1,491 |  | 16,494
Data processing equipment |  | 12,599 |  | — |  | 715 |  | (603) |  | 666 |  | 13,377
Other telecommunication peripherals |  | 702 |  | — |  | 966 |  | (7) |  | — |  | 1,661
Office equipment |  | 1,529 |  | 11 |  | 327 |  | (84) |  | (146) |  | 1,637
Vehicles |  | 522 |  | — |  | 355 |  | (37) |  | — |  | 840
CPE assets |  | 22 |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 22
Other equipment |  | 100 |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | (3) |  | 97
Property under construction |  | 4,550 |  | — |  | 20,110 |  | (96) |  | (20,149) |  | 4,415
Total |  | 248,099 |  | 732 |  | 33,154 |  | (9,673) |  | (5,061) |  | 267,251

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PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

|  | December 31, |  |  |  |  |  | Reclassifications/ |  | December 31,
|  | 2016 |  | Additions |  | Deductions |  | Translations |  | 2017
Accumulated depreciation and impairment losses: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Land rights |  | 268 |  | 31 |  | — |  | — |  | 299
Buildings |  | 2,435 |  | 407 |  | — |  | 38 |  | 2,880
Leasehold improvements |  | 692 |  | 149 |  | (23) |  | 5 |  | 823
Switching equipment |  | 16,690 |  | 1,393 |  | (977) |  | (2,511) |  | 14,595
Telegraph, telex and data communication equipment |  | 333 |  | 416 |  | — |  | 53 |  | 802
Transmission installation and equipment |  | 64,365 |  | 11,213 |  | (3,642) |  | (55) |  | 71,881
Satellite, earth station and equipment |  | 7,098 |  | 595 |  | (2,202) |  | (1,157) |  | 4,334
Cable network |  | 20,494 |  | 2,003 |  | (693) |  | (3,752) |  | 18,052
Power supply |  | 10,262 |  | 1,296 |  | (286) |  | 2 |  | 11,274
Data processing equipment |  | 9,512 |  | 1,401 |  | (582) |  | (19) |  | 10,312
Other telecommunication peripherals |  | 462 |  | 149 |  | (7) |  | (1) |  | 603
Office equipment |  | 940 |  | 215 |  | (65) |  | 26 |  | 1,116
Vehicles |  | 200 |  | 113 |  | (21) |  | — |  | 292
CPE assets |  | 19 |  | 1 |  | — |  | — |  | 20
Other equipment |  | 99 |  | 1 |  | — |  | (4) |  | 96
Total |  | 133,869 |  | 19,383 |  | (8,498) |  | (7,375) |  | 137,379
Net book value |  | 114,230 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 129,872

Refer to Note 31 for details of related party transactions.

a. Gain on disposal or sale of property and equipment

|  | 2015 |  | 2016 |  | 2017
Proceeds from sale of property and equipment |  | 733 |  | 765 |  | 1,367
Net book value |  | (8) |  | (152) |  | (1,009)
Gain on disposal or sale of property and equipment |  | 725 |  | 613 |  | 358

b. Asset impairment

(i) As of December 31, 2016 and 2017, the CGUs that independently generate cash inflows were fixed wireline, cellular and others.

In 2014, the Company decided to cease its fixed wireless business no later than December 14, 2015. The Company assessed the recoverable amount to be Rp549 billion and determined that the assets for fixed wireless CGU were further impaired by Rp805 billion. The recoverable amount has been determined based on VIU calculation using the most recent cash flows projection approved by management. The cash flows projection included cash inflows from the continuing use of the assets during the remaining service period and projected net cash flows to be received for the disposal of the assets for fixed wireless CGU at the end of service period. Projected net cash flows to be received for the disposal of the assets were determined based on cost approach, adjusted for physical, technological and economic obsolescence. Management applied a pre-tax discount rate of 13.5% derived from the Company’s post-tax weighted average cost of capital and benchmarked to externally available data. In addition, management also applied technological and economic obsolescence rate of 30% based on the Company’s internal data, due to the lack of comparable market data because of the nature of the assets. The determination of VIU calculation

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PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

is most sensitive to the technological and economic obsolescence rate assumption. An increase in technological and economic obsolescence rate to 40% would result in a further impairment of Rp70 billion.

Loss on impairment of assets is recognized as part of “Depreciation and Amortization” in the consolidated statements of profit or loss and other comprehensive income.

In connection with the restructuring of fixed wireless business (Note 33c.i), the Company accelerated the depreciation of its fixed wireless assets. As of December 31, 2015, all of the Company’s fixed wireless assets have been fully depreciated.

In 2016 and 2017, the Company derecognized the fixed wireless asset which fully depreciated with acquisition cost of Rp5,203 billion and Rp3,193 billion, respectively.

(ii) Management believes that there is no indication of impairment in the assets of other CGUs as of December 31, 2016 and 2017.

c. Others

(i) Interest capitalized to property under construction amounted to Rp328 billion, Rp444 billion and Rp328 billion for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017, respectively. The capitalization rate used to determine the amount of borrowing costs eligible for capitalization ranged from 6.84% to 11.00%, 10.20% to 11.00% and from 8.15% to 11.00% for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017, respectively.

(ii) No foreign exchange loss was capitalized as part of property under construction for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017.

(iii) In 2015, 2016 and 2017, the Group obtained proceeds from the insurance claim on lost and broken property and equipment, with a total value of Rp119 billion, Rp77 billion and Rp155 billion, respectively, and were recorded as part of “Other Income” in the consolidated statements of profit or loss and other comprehensive income. In 2015, 2016 and 2017, the net carrying values of those assets of Rp35 billion, Rp19 billion and Rp7 billion, respectively, were charged to the consolidated statements of profit or loss and other comprehensive income.

(iv) From 2015 to 2017, Telkomsel decided to replace certain equipment units with net carrying amount of Rp3,115 billion, as part of its modernization program. Accordingly, Telkomsel accelerated the depreciation of such equipment units. The impact of the accelerated depreciation was an increase in the depreciation expense for the year ended December 31, 2017 amounting to Rp459 billion. This modernization program will decrease profit before income tax in 2018 amounting to Rp47 billion.

In 2014, the useful lives of Telkomsel’s buildings and transmissions were changed from 20 years to 40 years, and from 10 years to 15 and 20 years, respectively, to reflect the current economic lives of the buildings and the transmissions. The impact of reduction in depreciation expense for the year ended December 31, 2017 amounting to Rp198 billion. The impact of the changes in the estimated useful lives of the buildings and transmissions will increase the profit before income tax in 2018 amounting to Rp135 billion.

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PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

(v) Exchange of property and equipment

In 2011 and 2012, the Company entered into a Procurement and Installation Agreement for the Modernization of the Copper Cable Network through Optimalization of Asset Copper Cable Network through Trade In/Trade Off method with PT Len Industri (“LEN”) and PT Industri Telekomunikasi Indonesia (“INTI”), respectively.

In 2016 and 2017, the Company derecognized the copper cable network asset with net carrying amount of Rp3 billion and Rp1 billion, respectively, and recorded the fiber optic network asset from the exchange transaction of Rp801 billion and Rp506 billion, respectively.

In 2016 and 2017, Telkomsel’s certain equipment units with net carrying amount of Rp636 billion and Rp816 billion, respectively, were exchanged with equipment from Ericsson AB, PT Huawei Tech Investment (“Huawei”) and PT Nokia Solutions and Network Indonesia (“PT NSN”). As of December 31, 2017, Telkomsel’s equipment units with net carrying amount of Rp10 billion are going to be exchanged with equipment from Nokia Siemens Network Oy (“NSN Oy”) and Huawei and, therefore, these equipment units were reclassified as “Assets Held for Sale” in the consolidated statements of financial position.

(vi) The Group owns several pieces of land located throughout Indonesia with Building Use Rights (“Hak Guna Bangunan” or “HGB”) for a period of 10‑45 years which will expire between 2018 and 2053. Management believes that there will be no issue in obtaining the extension of the land rights when they expire.

(vii) As of December 31, 2017, the Group’s property and equipment excluding land rights, with net carrying amount of Rp118,198 billion were insured against fire, theft, earthquake and other specified risks, including business interruption, under blanket policies totalling Rp11,449 billion, US$64 million, HKD3 million, SGD211 million and MYR37 million and first loss basis amounted to Rp2,760 billion. Management believes that the insurance coverage is adequate to cover potential losses from the insured risks.

(viii) As of December 31, 2017, the percentage of completion of property under construction was around 67.24% of the total contract value, with estimated dates of completion between January 2018 and December 2018. The balance of property under construction mainly consists of buildings, transmission installation and equipment, cable network and power supply. Management believes that there is no impediment to the completion of the construction in progress.

(ix) All assets owned by the Company have been pledged as collateral for bonds and certain bank loans (Notes 17b.i and 17c). Certain property and equipment of the Company’s subsidiaries with gross carrying value amounting to Rp9,721 billion have been pledged as collateral under lending agreements (Notes 16 and 17c).

(x) As of December 31, 2017, the cost of fully depreciated property and equipment of the Group that are still used in operations amounted to Rp53,407 billion. The Group is currently performing modernization of network assets to replace the fully depreciated property and equipment.

(xi) On August 25, 2017, Telkom-1 Satellite experienced technical problems which impacted to customer service disruptions. Therefore, the Company was migrating customers services to the Company’s other satellites (Telkom-3S and Telkom-2), as well as to several third party satellites. This customers services migration process has been completed on September 10, 2017, and the

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PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

costs incurred on this migration process are recognized in these consolidated statements of profit or loss and other comprehensive income. As of December 31, 2017, the acquisition cost and accumulated depreciation of Telkom-1 Satellite amounting to Rp1,165 billion is presented as part of disposal assets group and classified as “Other Non-current Assets” in the consolidated statements of financial position.

(xii) Telkomsel entered into several agreements with tower providers to lease spaces in telecommunication towers (slot) and sites of the towers for a period of 10 years. Telkomsel may extend the lease period based on mutual agreement with the relevant parties. In addition, the Group also has lease commitments for transmission installation and equipment, data processing equipment, office equipment, vehicles and CPE assets with the option to purchase certain leased assets at the end of the lease terms.

Future minimum lease payments required for assets under finance leases are as follows:

Years |  | 2016 |  | 2017
2017 |  | 987 |  | —
2018 |  | 892 |  | 1,083
2019 |  | 816 |  | 969
2020 |  | 771 |  | 866
2021 |  | 740 |  | 778
2022 |  | 590 |  | 605
Thereafter |  | 364 |  | 384
Total minimum lease payments |  | 5,160 |  | 4,685
Interest |  | (1,150) |  | (881)
Net present value of minimum lease payments |  | 4,010 |  | 3,804
Current maturities (Note 16b) |  | (658) |  | (794)
Long-term portion (Note 17) |  | 3,352 |  | 3,010

The details of obligations under finance leases as of December 31, 2016 and 2017 are as follows:

|  | 2016 |  | 2017
PT Tower Bersama Infrastructure Tbk. |  | 1,465 |  | 1,293
PT Profesional Telekomunikasi Indonesia |  | 1,295 |  | 1,120
PT Solusi Tunas Pratama |  | 241 |  | 212
PT Mandiri Utama Finance |  | — |  | 198
PT Putra Arga Binangun |  | 217 |  | 189
PT Mitsubishi UFJ Lease and Finance Indonesia |  | 21 |  | 135
PT Bali Towerindo Sentra |  | 112 |  | 100
Others (each below Rp75 billion) |  | 659 |  | 557
Total |  | 4,010 |  | 3,804

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PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

11. OTHER NON-CURRENT ASSETS

The breakdown of other non-current assets is as follows:

|  | 2016 |  | 2017
Prepaid other taxes - net of current portion (Note 28) |  | 2,164 |  | 3,075
Advances for purchases of property and equipment |  | 5,432 |  | 2,869
Prepaid rental - net of current portion (Note 8) |  | 2,471 |  | 2,688
Frequency license - net of current portion (Note 8) |  | 320 |  | 2,019
Prepaid income taxes - net of current portion (Note 28) |  | 492 |  | 763
Deferred charges |  | 387 |  | 413
Security deposit |  | 144 |  | 116
Others |  | 98 |  | 327
Total |  | 11,508 |  | 12,270

Prepaid rental covers rent of leased line, telecommunication equipment, land and building under lease agreements of the Group with remaining rental periods ranging from 1 to 40 years.

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017, deferred charges represent deferred Indefeasible Right of Use (“IRU”) Agreement charges. Total amortization of deferred charges for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017 amounted to Rp46 billion, Rp40 billion and Rp46 billion, respectively.

Refer to Note 31 for details of related party transactions.

12. INTANGIBLE ASSETS

The details of intangible assets are as follows:

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Other intangible |  |
|  | Goodwill |  | Software |  | License |  | assets |  | Total
Gross carrying amount: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Balance, December 31, 2015 |  | 336 |  | 6,267 |  | 68 |  | 580 |  | 7,251
Additions |  | — |  | 925 |  | 9 |  | 27 |  | 961
Acquisition (Note 1d) |  | 117 |  | 10 |  | — |  | — |  | 127
Deductions |  | — |  | — |  | (2) |  | — |  | (2)
Reclassifications/translations |  | (4) |  | 20 |  | — |  | — |  | 16
Balance, December 31, 2016 |  | 449 |  | 7,222 |  | 75 |  | 607 |  | 8,353
Accumulated amortization and impairment losses: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Balance, December 31, 2015 |  | (21) |  | (3,748) |  | (49) |  | (377) |  | (4,195)
Amortization |  | — |  | (1,027) |  | (7) |  | (34) |  | (1,068)
Deductions |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | —
Reclassifications/translations |  | — |  | (1) |  | — |  | — |  | (1)
Balance, December 31, 2016 |  | (21) |  | (4,776) |  | (56) |  | (411) |  | (5,264)
Net |  | 428 |  | 2,446 |  | 19 |  | 196 |  | 3,089

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PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Other intangible |  |
|  | Goodwill |  | Software |  | License |  | assets |  | Total
Gross carrying amount: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Balance, December 31, 2016 |  | 449 |  | 7,222 |  | 75 |  | 607 |  | 8,353
Additions |  | — |  | 1,289 |  | 3 |  | 21 |  | 1,313
Acquisition (Note 1d) |  | 232 |  | 4 |  | — |  | — |  | 236
Deductions |  | (3) |  | (122) |  | — |  | (11) |  | (136)
Reclassifications/translations |  | 2 |  | (6) |  | 6 |  | 18 |  | 20
Balance, December 31, 2017 |  | 680 |  | 8,387 |  | 84 |  | 635 |  | 9,786
Accumulated amortization and impairment losses: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Balance, December 31, 2016 |  | (21) |  | (4,776) |  | (56) |  | (411) |  | (5,264)
Amortization |  | — |  | (1,037) |  | (9) |  | (48) |  | (1,094)
Deductions |  | — |  | 95 |  | — |  | 11 |  | 106
Reclassifications/translations |  | — |  | 4 |  | (6) |  | (2) |  | (4)
Balance, December 31, 2017 |  | (21) |  | (5,714) |  | (71) |  | (450) |  | (6,256)
Net |  | 659 |  | 2,673 |  | 13 |  | 185 |  | 3,530

(i) Goodwill resulted from the acquisition of Sigma (2008), Ad Medika (2010), PT Bina Data Mandiri ("BDM”) (2012), Contact Centres Australia Pty. Ltd. (2014), PT Media Nusantara Data Global ("MNDG”) (2015), Melon (2016), PT Griya Silkindo Drajatmoerni ("GSDm”) (2016), TSGN (2017) and Nutech (2017) (Note 1d).

(ii) The amortization is presented as part of “Depreciation and Amortization” in the consolidated statements of profit or loss and other comprehensive income. The remaining amortization periods of software range from 1 to 5 years.

(iii) As of December 31, 2017, the cost of fully amortized intangible assets that are still used in operations amounted to Rp3,847 billion.

13. TRADE AND OTHER PAYABLES

This account consists of the following:

|  | 2016 |  | 2017
Trade payables |  | 13,518 |  | 15,574
Other payables |  | 172 |  | 217
Total trade and other payables |  | 13,690 |  | 15,791

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PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

The breakdown of trade payables is as follows:

|  | 2016 |  | 2017
Related parties |  |  |  |
Radio frequency usage charges, concession fees and Universal Service Obligation (“USO”) charges |  | 1,256 |  | 1,561
Purchases of equipments, materials and services |  | 1,262 |  | 577
Payables to other telecommunication providers |  | 324 |  | 322
Sub-total |  | 2,842 |  | 2,460
Third parties |  |  |  |
Purchases of equipments, materials and services |  | 9,395 |  | 11,659
Payables to other telecommunication providers |  | 1,281 |  | 1,455
Sub-total |  | 10,676 |  | 13,114
Total |  | 13,518 |  | 15,574

Trade payables by currency are as follows:

|  | 2016 |  | 2017
Rupiah |  | 11,270 |  | 13,344
U.S. dollar |  | 2,196 |  | 2,167
Others |  | 52 |  | 63
Total |  | 13,518 |  | 15,574

Refer to Note 31 for details of related party transactions.

14. ACCRUED EXPENSES

The breakdown of accrued expenses is as follows:

|  | 2016 |  | 2017
Operation, maintenance and telecommunication services |  | 6,165 |  | 7,093
General, administrative and marketing expenses |  | 1,914 |  | 2,684
Salaries and benefits |  | 2,993 |  | 2,664
Interest and bank charges |  | 211 |  | 189
Total |  | 11,283 |  | 12,630

Refer to Note 31 for details of related party transactions.

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PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

15. UNEARNED INCOME

The breakdown of unearned income is as follows:

| a. |  | Current

|  | 2016 |  | 2017
Prepaid pulse reload vouchers |  | 4,959 |  | 4,800
Telecommunication tower leases |  | 199 |  | 300
Other telecommunications services |  | 189 |  | 148
Others |  | 216 |  | 179
Total |  | 5,563 |  | 5,427

| b. |  | Non-current

|  | 2016 |  | 2017
Indefeasible Right of Use |  | 169 |  | 205
Other telecommunications services |  | 256 |  | 319
Total |  | 425 |  | 524

16. SHORT-TERM BANK LOANS AND CURRENT MATURITIES OF LONG-TERM BORROWINGS

This account consists of the following:

|  | 2016 |  | 2017
Short-term bank loans |  | 911 |  | 2,289
Current maturities of long-term borrowings |  | 4,521 |  | 5,209
Total |  | 5,432 |  | 7,498

| a. |  | Short-term bank loans

|  |  |  | 2016 |  | 2017
|  |  |  | Outstanding |  | Outstanding
|  |  |  | Original |  |  |  | Original |  |
|  |  |  | currency |  | Rupiah |  | currency |  | Rupiah
Lenders |  | Currency |  | (in millions) |  | equivalent |  | (in millions) |  | equivalent
Related parties |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
BNI |  | Rp |  | — |  | 143 |  | — |  | 1,252
Bank Mandiri |  | Rp |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 45
Sub-total |  |  |  |  |  | 143 |  |  |  | 1,297
Third parties |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
PT Bank DBS Indonesia |  | Rp |  | — |  | 95 |  | — |  | 408
UOB |  | Rp |  | — |  | 269 |  | — |  | 400
Bank CIMB Niaga |  | Rp |  | — |  | 143 |  | — |  | 83
PT Bank Sumitomo Mitsui Indonesia ("Sumitomo") |  | Rp |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 80
SCB |  | Rp |  | — |  | 90 |  | — |  | —
Others |  | Rp |  | — |  | 171 |  | — |  | 21
Sub-total |  |  |  |  |  | 768 |  |  |  | 992
Total |  |  |  |  |  | 911 |  |  |  | 2,289

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PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

Refer to Note 31 for details of related party transactions.

Other significant information relating to short-term bank loans as of December 31, 2017 is as follows:

|  |  |  |  |  | Total facility |  |  |  | Interest |  | Interest rate |  |
|  | Borrower |  | Currency |  | (in billions) |  | Maturity date |  | payment period |  | per annum |  | Security
BNI |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
November 28, 2012 h,c |  | Metra |  | Rp |  | 150 |  | November 28, 2018 |  | Monthly |  | 1 month JIBOR+2.95% |  | None
March 13, 2013 g |  | Sigma |  | Rp |  | 2,100 |  | January 9, 2018 |  | Monthly |  | 1 month JIBOR+3.00% |  | Trade receivables (Note 6) and property and equipment (Note 10)
January 10, 2014 f |  | Sigma |  | Rp |  | 125 |  | January 9, 2018 |  | Monthly |  | 1 month JIBOR+3.00% |  | Trade receivables (Note 6) and property and equipment (Note 10)
May 15, 2017 |  | Infomedia |  | Rp |  | 250 |  | May 14, 2018 |  | Monthly |  | 1 month JIBOR+3.00% |  | Trade receivables (Note 6)
June 7, 2017 |  | ISH |  | Rp |  | 150 |  | June 6, 2018 |  | Monthly |  | 1 month JIBOR+3.00% |  | Trade receivables (Note 6)
June 19, 2017 |  | Telkom Infratel |  | Rp |  | 161 |  | August 31, 2018 |  | Monthly |  | 1 month JIBOR+3.15% |  | Trade receivables (Note 6)
September 28, 2017 |  | Telkom Infratel |  | Rp |  | 70 |  | June 30, 2018 |  | Monthly |  | 1 month JIBOR+3.15% |  | Trade receivables (Note 6)
November 8, 2017 |  | GSD |  | Rp |  | 50 |  | November 8, 2018 |  | Monthly |  | 9.00% |  | Trade receivables (Note 6)
December 19, 2017 |  | Telkom Infratel |  | Rp |  | 80 |  | December 31, 2018 |  | Monthly |  | 1 month JIBOR+3.15% |  | Trade receivables (Note 6)
Bank Mandiri |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
October 11, 2017 |  | GSD |  | Rp |  | 55 |  | September 11, 2018 |  | Monthly |  | 9.00% |  | Trade receivables (Note 6)
UOB |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
December 20, 2016 d |  | Finnet |  | Rp |  | 400 |  | December 19, 2018 |  | Monthly |  | 1 month JIBOR+2.25% |  | None
PT Bank DBS Indonesia |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
April 12, 2016 e,b |  | Sigma |  | US$ |  | 0.02 |  | July 31, 2018 |  | Semi-annually |  | 3.25% (US$) / 10.75% (Rp) |  | Trade receivables (Note 6)
March 27, 2017 |  | Metra |  | Rp |  | 250 |  | July 31, 2018 |  | Monthly |  | 1 month JIBOR+2.15% |  | None
Bank CIMB Niaga |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
April 28, 2013 a,c |  | GSD |  | Rp |  | 85 |  | January 1, 2018 |  | Monthly |  | 10.90%-11.50% |  | Trade receivables (Note 6) and property and equipment (Note 10)
Sumitomo |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
December 21, 2017 |  | Metra |  | Rp |  | 300 |  | January 27, 2018 |  | Monthly |  | 1 month JIBOR+1.50% |  | None

The credit facilities were obtained by the Company’s subsidiaries for working capital purposes.

a Based on the latest amendment dated November 11, 2014.

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PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

b Facility in U.S. dollar. Withdrawal can be executed in U.S. dollar and Indonesian rupiah.

c Unsettled loan will be automatically extended up to 12 months.

d Based on the latest amendment dated June 2, 2017.

e Based on the latest amendment dated October 25, 2017.

f Based on the latest amendment dated November 29, 2017.

g Based on the latest amendment dated December 21, 2017.

h Based on the latest amendment dated March 21, 2017.

| b. |  | Current maturities of long-term borrowings

|  | Notes |  | 2016 |  | 2017
Two-step loans |  | 17a |  | 225 |  | 206
Bonds and notes |  | 17b |  | 1 |  | —
Bank loans |  | 17c |  | 3,637 |  | 4,110
Other borrowings |  | 17d |  | — |  | 99
Obligations under finance leases |  | 10c.xii |  | 658 |  | 794
Total |  |  |  | 4,521 |  | 5,209

Refer to Note 31 for details of related party transactions.

17. LONG-TERM LOANS AND OTHER BORROWINGS

Long-term loans and other borrowings consist of the following:

|  | Notes |  | 2016 |  | 2017
Two-step loans |  | 17a |  | 1,067 |  | 892
Bonds and notes |  | 17b |  | 9,322 |  | 8,982
Bank loans |  | 17c |  | 11,929 |  | 13,894
Other borrowings |  | 17d |  | 697 |  | 1,196
Obligations under finance leases |  | 10c.xii |  | 3,352 |  | 3,010
Total |  |  |  | 26,367 |  | 27,974

Scheduled principal payments as of December 31, 2017 are as follows:

|  |  |  |  |  | Year
|  | Notes |  | Total |  | 2019 |  | 2020 |  | 2021 |  | 2022 |  | Thereafter
Two-step loans |  | 17a |  | 892 |  | 187 |  | 187 |  | 171 |  | 135 |  | 212
Bonds and notes |  | 17b |  | 8,982 |  | — |  | 1,995 |  | — |  | 2,196 |  | 4,791
Bank loans |  | 17c |  | 13,894 |  | 4,138 |  | 3,350 |  | 2,222 |  | 1,743 |  | 2,441
Other borrowings |  | 17d |  | 1,196 |  | 199 |  | 199 |  | 199 |  | 199 |  | 400
Obligations under finance leases |  | 10c.xii |  | 3,010 |  | 744 |  | 699 |  | 668 |  | 548 |  | 351
Total |  |  |  | 27,974 |  | 5,268 |  | 6,430 |  | 3,260 |  | 4,821 |  | 8,195

a. Two-step loans

Two-step loans are unsecured loans obtained by the Government from overseas banks which are then re-loaned to the Company. Loans obtained up to July 1994 are payable in rupiah based on the

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PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

exchange rate at the date of drawdown. Loans obtained after July 1994 are payable in their original currencies and any resulting foreign exchange gain or loss is borne by the Company.

|  |  |  | 2016 |  | 2017
|  |  |  | Outstanding |  | Outstanding
|  |  |  | Original currency |  | Rupiah |  | Original currency |  | Rupiah
Lenders |  | Currency |  | (in millions) |  | equivalent |  | (in millions) |  | equivalent
Overseas banks |  | Yen |  | 6,143 |  | 707 |  | 5,375 |  | 648
|  | US$ |  | 22 |  | 295 |  | 17 |  | 237
|  | Rp |  | — |  | 290 |  | — |  | 213
Total |  |  |  |  |  | 1,292 |  |  |  | 1,098
Current maturities (Note 16b) |  |  |  |  |  | (225) |  |  |  | (206)
Long-term portion |  |  |  |  |  | 1,067 |  |  |  | 892

|  |  |  | Principal payment |  | Interest payment |  | Interest rate per |
Lenders |  | Currency |  | schedule |  | period |  | annum |
Overseas banks |  | Yen |  | Semi-annually |  | Semi-annually |  | 2.95 | %
|  | US$ |  | Semi-annually |  | Semi-annually |  | 3.85 | %
|  | Rp |  | Semi-annually |  | Semi-annually |  | 8.25 | %

The loans were intended for the development of telecommunications infrastructure and supporting telecommunications equipment. The loans will be settled semi-annually and due on various dates through 2024.

The Company had used all facilities under the two-step loans program since 2008.

Under the loan covenants, the Company is required to maintain financial ratios as follows:

a. projected net revenue to projected debt service ratio should exceed 1.2:1 for the two-step loans originating from Asian Development Bank (“ADB”).

b. i nternal financing (earnings before depreciation and finance costs) should exceed 20% compared to annual average capital expenditures for loans originating from the ADB.

As of December 31, 2017, the Company has complied with the above-mentioned ratios.

Refer to Note 31 for details of related party transactions.

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PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

b. Bonds and notes

|  |  |  | 2016 |  | 2017
|  |  |  | Outstanding |  | Outstanding
|  |  |  | Original currency |  | Rupiah |  | Original currency |  | Rupiah
Bonds and notes |  | Currency |  | (in millions) |  | equivalent |  | (in millions) |  | equivalent
Bonds |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
2010 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Series B |  | Rp |  | — |  | 1,995 |  | — |  | 1,995
2015 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Series A |  | Rp |  | — |  | 2,200 |  | — |  | 2,200
Series B |  | Rp |  | — |  | 2,100 |  | — |  | 2,100
Series C |  | Rp |  | — |  | 1,200 |  | — |  | 1,200
Series D |  | Rp |  | — |  | 1,500 |  | — |  | 1,500
Medium Term Notes (“MTN”) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
GSD |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Series A |  | Rp |  | — |  | 220 |  | — |  | —
Series B |  | Rp |  | — |  | 120 |  | — |  | —
Promissory note |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
PT ZTE Indonesia (“ZTE”) |  | US$ |  | 0 |  | 1 |  | — |  | —
Total |  |  |  |  |  | 9,336 |  |  |  | 8,995
Unamortized debt issuance cost |  |  |  |  |  | (13) |  |  |  | (13)
Total |  |  |  |  |  | 9,323 |  |  |  | 8,982
Current maturities (Note 16b) |  |  |  |  |  | (1) |  |  |  | —
Long-term portion |  |  |  |  |  | 9,322 |  |  |  | 8,982

(i) Bonds

2010

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Interest payment |  | Interest rate per |
Bonds |  | Principal |  | Issuer |  | Listed on |  | Issuance date |  | Maturity date |  | period |  | annum |
Series B |  | 1,995 |  | The Company |  | IDX |  | June 25, 2010 |  | July 6, 2020 |  | Quarterly |  | 10.20 | %

The bonds are not secured by specific security but by all of the Company’s assets, movable or non-movable, either existing or in the future (Note 10c.ix). The underwriters of the bonds are PT Bahana Securities (“Bahana”), PT Danareksa Sekuritas, and PT Mandiri Sekuritas and the trustee is Bank CIMB Niaga.

The Company received the proceeds from the issuance of bonds on July 6, 2010.

The funds received from the public offering of bonds net of issuance costs, were used to finance capital expenditures which consisted of wave broadband (bandwidth, softswitching, datacom, information technology and others) and infrastructure (backbone, metro network, regional metro junction, internet protocol, and satellite system) and to optimize legacy and supporting facilities (fixed wireline and wireless).

As of December 31, 2017, the rating of the bonds issued by PT Pemeringkat Efek Indonesia (“Pefindo”) is idAAA (stable outlook).

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PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

Based on the indenture trusts agreement, the Company is required to comply with all covenants or restrictions, including maintaining financial ratios as follows:

1. debt to equity ratio should not exceed 2:1.

2. EBITDA to finance costs ratio should not be less than 5:1.

3. debt service coverage is at least 125%.

As of December 31, 2017, the Company has complied with the above-mentioned ratios.

2015

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Interest payment |  | Interest rate |
Bonds |  | Principal |  | Issuer |  | Listed on |  | Issuance date |  | Maturity date |  | period |  | per annum |
Series A |  | 2,200 |  | The Company |  | IDX |  | June 23, 2015 |  | June 23, 2022 |  | Quarterly |  | 9.93 | %
Series B |  | 2,100 |  | The Company |  | IDX |  | June 23, 2015 |  | June 23, 2025 |  | Quarterly |  | 10.25 | %
Series C |  | 1,200 |  | The Company |  | IDX |  | June 23, 2015 |  | June 23, 2030 |  | Quarterly |  | 10.60 | %
Series D |  | 1,500 |  | The Company |  | IDX |  | June 23, 2015 |  | June 23, 2045 |  | Quarterly |  | 11.00 | %
Total |  | 7,000 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

The bonds are secured by all of the Company’s assets, movable or non-movable, either existing or in the future (Note 10c.ix). The underwriters of the bonds are Bahana, PT Danareksa Sekuritas, PT Mandiri Sekuritas, and PT Trimegah Sekuritas and the trustee is Bank Permata.

The Company received the proceeds from the issuance of bonds on June 23, 2015.

The funds received from the public offering of bonds net of issuance costs, were used to finance capital expenditures which consisted of wave broadband, backbone, metro network, regional metro junction, information technology application and support, and merger and acquisition of some domestic and international entities.

As of December 31, 2017, the rating of the bonds issued by Pefindo is idAAA (stable outlook).

Based on the indenture trusts agreement, the Company is required to comply with all covenants or restrictions, including maintaining financial ratios as follows:

1. debt to equity ratio should not exceed 2:1.

2. EBITDA to finance costs ratio should not be less than 4:1.

3. debt service coverage is at least 125%.

As of December 31, 2017, the Company has complied with the above-mentioned ratios.

(ii) MTN

GSD

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Interest payment |  | Interest rate |
Notes |  | Currency |  | Principal |  | Issuance date |  | Maturity date |  | period |  | per annum |
Series A |  | Rp |  | 220 |  | November 14, 2014 |  | November 14, 2019 |  | Semi-annually |  | 11.00 | %
Series B |  | Rp |  | 120 |  | March 6, 2015 |  | March 6, 2020 |  | Semi-annually |  | 11.00 | %
Total |  |  |  | 340 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

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PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

Based on Agreement of Issuance and Appointment of Monitoring and Insurance Agents of Medium Term Notes (MTN) PT Graha Sarana Duta Year 2014 dated November 13, 2014 as covered by notarial deed No. 30 of Arry Supratno, S.H., GSD will issue MTN with the principle amount up to Rp500 billion in series.

On June 12, 2017, GSD has been fully paid for MTN series A amounted to Rp220 billion and series B amounted to Rp120 billion to PT Mandiri Sekuritas as an Arranger.

(iii) Promissory notes

|  |  |  | Principal* |  |  |  | Principal payment |  | Interest payment |  | Interest rate
Supplier |  | Currency |  | (in billions) |  | Issuance date |  | schedule |  | period |  | per annum
PT Huawei a |  | US$ |  | 0.2 |  | April 30, 2013 |  | — |  | Semi-annually |  | 6 months LIBOR+1.50%
ZTE b, c |  | US$ |  | 0.1 |  | August 20, 2009 |  | February 4, 2017 |  | Semi-annually |  | 6 months LIBOR+1.50%

*In original currency

a Has been fully paid on July 30, 2016

b Has been fully paid on February 4, 2017

c Based on the latest amendment on August 15, 2011

Based on Agreement of Frame Supply and Deferred Payment Arrangement between the Company, ZTE and PT Huawei, the promissory notes issued by the Company to ZTE and PT Huawei are vendor financing facilities with no collateral covering 85% of Hand-over Report (Berita Acara Serah Terima) projects with ZTE and PT Huawei.

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PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

c. Bank loans

|  |  |  | 2016 |  | 2017
|  |  |  | Outstanding |  | Outstanding
|  |  |  | Original |  |  |  | Original |  |
|  |  |  | currency |  | Rupiah |  | currency |  | Rupiah
Lenders |  | Currency |  | (in millions) |  | equivalent |  | (in millions) |  | equivalent
Related parties |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
BNI |  | Rp |  | — |  | 3,222 |  | — |  | 4,603
BRI |  | Rp |  | — |  | 1,871 |  | — |  | 2,166
Bank Mandiri |  | Rp |  | — |  | 1,232 |  | — |  | 1,126
Sub-total |  |  |  |  |  | 6,325 |  |  |  | 7,895
Third parties |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Syndication of banks |  | Rp |  | — |  | 3,650 |  | — |  | 2,250
The Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubishi-UFJ, Ltd. |  | Rp |  | — |  | 2,361 |  | — |  | 1,944
Bank CIMB Niaga |  | Rp |  | — |  | 1,162 |  | — |  | 1,726
PT Bank Central Asia Tbk (“BCA”) |  | Rp |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 1,100
Sumitomo |  | Rp |  | — |  | 647 |  | — |  | 804
United Overseas Bank Limited(“UOB Singapore”) |  | US$ |  | 36 |  | 484 |  | 49 |  | 664
UOB |  | Rp |  | — |  | 500 |  | — |  | 500
ANZ |  | Rp |  | — |  | 240 |  | — |  | 440
PT Bank ICBC Indonesia ("ICBC") |  | Rp |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 249
PT Bank DBS Indonesia |  | Rp |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 144
Japan Bank for International Cooperation (“JBIC”) |  | US$ |  | 16 |  | 211 |  | 9 |  | 128
Exim Bank of Malaysia Berhad |  | MYR |  | — |  | — |  | 37 |  | 124
Others |  | Rp |  | — |  | 37 |  | — |  | 26
|  | MYR |  | — |  | — |  | 15 |  | 50
Sub-total |  |  |  |  |  | 9,292 |  |  |  | 10,149
Total |  |  |  |  |  | 15,617 |  |  |  | 18,044
Unamortized debt issuance cost |  |  |  |  |  | (51) |  |  |  | (40)
|  |  |  |  |  | 15,566 |  |  |  | 18,004
Current maturities (Note 16b) |  |  |  |  |  | (3,637) |  |  |  | (4,110)
Long-term portion |  |  |  |  |  | 11,929 |  |  |  | 13,894

Refer to Note 31 for details of related party transactions.

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PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

Other significant information relating to bank loans as of December 31, 2017 is as follows:

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Current |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  |  |  |  |  | Total |  | period |  | Principal |  | Interest |  |  |  |
|  |  |  |  |  | facility* |  | payment |  | payment |  | payment |  | Interest rate |  |
|  | Borrower |  | Currency |  | (in billions) |  | (in billions) |  | schedule |  | period |  | per annum |  | Security
BNI |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
March 13, 2013 h |  | Sigma |  | Rp |  | 2,100 |  | 116 |  | Monthly (2016-2022) |  | Monthly |  | 1 month JIBOR+3.00% |  | Trade receivables (Note 6) and property and equipment (Note 10)
November 20, 2013 j |  | The Company |  | Rp |  | 1,500 |  | 375 |  | Semi-annually (2015-2018) |  | Quarterly |  | 3 months JIBOR+2.00% |  | None
January 10, 2014 h |  | Sigma |  | Rp |  | 247 |  | 41 |  | Monthly (2016-2022) |  | Monthly |  | 1 month JIBOR+3.00% |  | Trade receivables (Note 6) and property and equipment (Note 10)
November 3, 2014 c |  | Telkom Infratel |  | Rp |  | 1,050 |  | 186 |  | Quarterly (2015-2019) |  | Monthly |  | 1 month JIBOR+3.35% |  | Trade receivables (Note 6)
June 10, 2015 |  | Metra |  | Rp |  | 44 |  | 15 |  | Semi-annually (2015-2018) |  | Monthly |  | 1 month JIBOR+2.95% |  | Trade receivables (Note 6) and property and equipment (Note 10)
October 12, 2015 l |  | Telkom Akses |  | Rp |  | 1,400 |  | 350 |  | Semi-annually (2016-2020) |  | Quarterly |  | 3 months JIBOR+2.50% |  | Trade receivables (Note 6), inventories (Note 7), and property and equipment (Note 10)
March 24, 2017 e,g |  | Dayamitra |  | Rp |  | 1,005 |  | - |  | Semi-annually (2019-2024) |  | Quarterly |  | 3 months JIBOR+1.85% |  | None
March 24, 2017 e |  | GSD |  | Rp |  | 150 |  | - |  | Quarterly (2019-2024) |  | Quarterly |  | 3 months JIBOR+1.85% |  | None
March 24, 2017 e |  | The Company |  | Rp |  | 650 |  | - |  | Semi-annually (2019-2024) |  | Quarterly |  | 3 months JIBOR+1.85% |  | None
November 13, 2017 |  | Telkom Akses |  | Rp |  | 400 |  | - |  | Semi-annually (2018-2022) |  | Quarterly |  | 3 months JIBOR+2.50% |  | Trade receivables (Note 6), inventories (Note 7), and property and equipment (Note 10)
BRI |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
October 30, 2013 |  | GSD |  | Rp |  | 70 |  | 10 |  | Monthly (2014-2021) |  | Monthly |  | 10.00% |  | Trade receivables (Note 6), property and equipment (Note 10) and lease agreement
October 30, 2013 |  | GSD |  | Rp |  | 34 |  | 5 |  | Monthly (2014-2021) |  | Monthly |  | 10.00% |  | Trade receivables (Note 6), property and equipment (Note 10) and lease agreement
November 20, 2013 |  | The Company |  | Rp |  | 1,500 |  | 375 |  | Semi-annually (2015-2018) |  | Quarterly |  | 3 months JIBOR+2.65% |  | None
December 18, 2015 |  | Dayamitra |  | Rp |  | 800 |  | 75 |  | Semi-annually (2017-2020) |  | Quarterly |  | 3 months JIBOR+2.70% |  | Property and equipment (Note 10)
March 24, 2017 e |  | The Company |  | Rp |  | 500 |  | - |  | Semi-annually (2019-2024) |  | Quarterly |  | 3 months JIBOR+1.85% |  | None
March 24, 2017 e |  | Dayamitra |  | Rp |  | 500 |  | - |  | Semi-annually (2019-2024) |  | Quarterly |  | 3 months JIBOR+1.85% |  | None

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PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Current |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  |  |  |  |  | Total |  | period |  | Principal |  | Interest |  | Interest |  |
|  |  |  |  |  | facility* |  | payment |  | payment |  | payment |  | rate per |  |
|  | Borrower |  | Currency |  | (in billions) |  | (in billions) |  | schedule |  | period |  | annum |  | Security
Bank Mandiri |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
November 20, 2013 |  | The Company |  | Rp |  | 1,500 |  | 375 |  | Semi-annually (2015-2018) |  | Quarterly |  | 3 months JIBOR+2.65% |  | None
September 27, 2016 |  | Patrakom |  | Rp |  | 70 |  | 9 |  | Quarterly (2017-2019) |  | Monthly |  | 9.50 | % | Trade receivables (Note 6) and property and equipment (Note 10)
March 24, 2017 e |  | Dayamitra |  | Rp |  | 500 |  | - |  | Semi-annually (2019-2024) |  | Quarterly |  | 3 months JIBOR+1.85% |  | None
March 24, 2017 e |  | TII |  | Rp |  | 195 |  | - |  | Semi-annually (2019-2024) |  | Quarterly |  | 3 months JIBOR+1.85% |  | None
Syndication of banks |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
March 13, 2015 (BNI and BCA)d,k |  | The Company |  | Rp |  | 2,900 |  | 483 |  | Semi-annually (2016-2022) |  | Quarterly |  | 3 months JIBOR+2.00% |  | All assets
March 13, 2015 (BNI and BCA)d,k |  | GSD |  | Rp |  | 100 |  | 17 |  | Semi-annually (2016-2022) |  | Quarterly |  | 3 months JIBOR+2.00% |  | All assets
The Bank of Tokyo - Mitsubishi UFJ, Ltd. |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
October 9, 2014 |  | Dayamitra |  | Rp |  | 600 |  | 160 |  | Quarterly (2016-2019) |  | Quarterly |  | 3 months JIBOR+2.40% |  | Trade receivables (Note 6) and property and equipment (Note 10)
March 13, 2015 d |  | Metra |  | Rp |  | 400 |  | 68 |  | Quarterly (2016-2020) |  | Quarterly |  | 3 months JIBOR+1.50% |  | None
March 13, 2015 d |  | Infomedia |  | Rp |  | 250 |  | 28 |  | Quarterly (2016-2020) |  | Quarterly |  | 3 months JIBOR+1.50% |  | None
March 13, 2015 d |  | Dayamitra |  | Rp |  | 100 |  | 17 |  | Quarterly (2016-2020) |  | Quarterly |  | 3 months JIBOR+2.15% |  | None
November 2, 2015 |  | Dayamitra |  | Rp |  | 400 |  | 80 |  | Quarterly (2017-2020) |  | Quarterly |  | 3 months JIBOR+2.60% |  | Trade receivables (Note 6) and property and equipment (Note 10)
October 3, 2016 |  | Dayamitra |  | Rp |  | 500 |  | - |  | Semi-annually (2019-2024) |  | Quarterly |  | 3 months JIBOR+2.25% |  | Property and equipment (Note 10) and lease agreement
March 30, 2017 f |  | Dayamitra |  | Rp |  | 97.5 |  | - |  | Quarterly (2018-2024) |  | Quarterly |  | 3 months JIBOR+1.50% |  | None
March 30, 2017 f |  | GSD |  | Rp |  | 202.5 |  | - |  | Quarterly (2018-2022) |  | Quarterly |  | 3 months JIBOR+1.50% |  | None
March 30, 2017 f |  | Metra |  | Rp |  | 100 |  | - |  | Quarterly (2018-2022) |  | Quarterly |  | 3 months JIBOR+1.50% |  | None

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PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Current |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  |  |  |  |  | Total |  | period |  | Principal |  | Interest |  |  |  |
|  |  |  |  |  | facility* |  | payment |  | payment |  | payment |  |  |  |
|  | Borrower |  | Currency |  | (in billions) |  | (in billions) |  | schedule |  | period |  | Interest rate per annum |  | Security
Bank CIMB Niaga |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
March 31, 2011 |  | GSD |  | Rp |  | 24 |  | 3 |  | Monthly (2011-2020) |  | Monthly |  | 9.75 | % | Property and equipment (Note 10) and lease agreement
March 31, 2011 |  | GSD |  | Rp |  | 13 |  | 2 |  | Monthly (2011-2019) |  | Monthly |  | 9.75 | % | Property and equipment (Note 10) and lease agreement
September 9, 2011 |  | GSD |  | Rp |  | 41 |  | 4 |  | Monthly (2011-2021) |  | Monthly |  | 9.75 | % | Property and equipment (Note 10) and lease agreement
September 20, 2012 i |  | TLT |  | Rp |  | 1,200 |  | 13 |  | Monthly (2015-2030) |  | Quarterly |  | 3 months JIBOR+3.45% |  | Property and equipment (Note 10)
September 20, 2012 |  | TLT |  | Rp |  | 118 |  | 1 |  | Monthly (2015-2030) |  | Monthly |  | 9.00 | % | Property and equipment (Note 10)
September 20, 2012 i |  | TLT |  | Rp |  | 100 |  | 1 |  | Monthly (2017-2030) |  | Monthly |  | 3 months JIBOR+3.45% |  | Property and equipment (Note 10)
March 30, 2017 f |  | GSD |  | Rp |  | 200 |  | - |  | Quarterly (2018-2024) |  | Quarterly |  | 3 months JIBOR+1.50% |  | None
March 30, 2017 f |  | Metra |  | Rp |  | 295 |  | - |  | Quarterly (2018-2022) |  | Quarterly |  | 3 months JIBOR+1.50% |  | None
BCA |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
March 30, 2017 f |  | Metra |  | Rp |  | 170 |  | - |  | Semi-annually (2018-2022) |  | Quarterly |  | 3 months JIBOR+1.50% |  | None
May 5, 2017 a |  | Telkomsel |  | Rp |  | 3,000 |  | - |  | Monthly (2017-2019) |  | Quarterly |  | 3 months JIBOR+1.00% |  | None
Sumitomo |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
March 13, 2015 d |  | Metra |  | Rp |  | 400 |  | 68 |  | Quarterly (2016-2020) |  | Quarterly |  | 3 months JIBOR+2.15% |  | None
March 13, 2015 d |  | Infomedia |  | Rp |  | 250 |  | 28 |  | Quarterly (2016-2020) |  | Quarterly |  | 3 months JIBOR+2.15% |  | None
March 13, 2015 d |  | Dayamitra |  | Rp |  | 100 |  | 17 |  | Quarterly (2016-2020) |  | Quarterly |  | 3 months JIBOR+2.15% |  | None
March 30, 2017 f |  | Dayamitra |  | Rp |  | 97.5 |  | - |  | Quarterly (2018-2022) |  | Quarterly |  | 3 months JIBOR+1.50% |  | None
March 30, 2017 f |  | GSD |  | Rp |  | 202.5 |  | - |  | Quarterly (2018-2022) |  | Quarterly |  | 3 months JIBOR+1.50% |  | None
March 30, 2017 f |  | Metra |  | Rp |  | 100 |  | - |  | Quarterly (2018-2022) |  | Quarterly |  | 3 months JIBOR+1.50% |  | None
UOB Singapore |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
September 9, 2016 |  | TII |  | US$ |  | 0.06 |  | - |  | Semi-annually (2019-2022) |  | Quarterly |  | 3 months LIBOR+1.50% |  | None
UOB |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
September 22, 2016 |  | Dayamitra |  | Rp |  | 500 |  | - |  | Semi-annually (2018-2024) |  | Quarterly |  | 3 months JIBOR+2.20% |  | Property and equipment (Note 10)

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PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Current |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  |  |  |  |  | Total |  | period |  | Principal |  | Interest |  |  |  |
|  |  |  |  |  | facility* |  | payment |  | payment |  | payment |  | Interest rate |  |
|  | Borrower |  | Currency |  | (in billions) |  | (in billions) |  | schedule |  | period |  | per annum |  | Security
ANZ |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
March 13, 2015 d |  | GSD |  | Rp |  | 500 |  | — |  | June 13, 2020 |  | Quarterly |  | 3 months JIBOR+2.00% |  | None
March 13, 2017 d |  | PINS |  | Rp |  | 500 |  | — |  | May 31, 2022 |  | Quarterly |  | 3 months JIBOR+2.00% |  | None
ICBC |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
April 5, 2017 |  | GSD |  | Rp |  | 272 |  | 23 |  | Quarterly (2019-2024) |  | Quarterly |  | 3 months JIBOR+2.36% |  | Trade receivables (Note 6) and property and equipment (Note 10)
PT Bank DBS Indonesia |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
December 23, 2016 |  | Nutech |  | Rp |  | 6 |  | 1 |  | Monthly (2017-2021) |  | Monthly |  | 13.00 | % | Trade receivables (Note 6) and property and equipment (Note 10)
March 30, 2017 f |  | Dayamitra |  | Rp |  | 100 |  | — |  | Semi-annually (2018-2022) |  | Quarterly |  | 3 months JIBOR+1.50% |  | None
March 30, 2017 f |  | Patrakom |  | Rp |  | 130 |  | — |  | Semi-annually (2018-2022) |  | Quarterly |  | 7.50 | % | None
JBIC |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
March 28, 2013 b |  | The Company |  | US$ |  | 0.03 |  | 0.006 |  | Semi-annually (2014-2019) |  | Semi-annually |  | 2.18% and 6 months LIBOR+1.20% |  | None
Exim Bank of Malaysia Berhad |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
March 23, 2016 |  | TSGN |  | MYR |  | 0.06 |  | 0.01 |  | Monthly (2016-2020) |  | Monthly |  | ECOF+1.89% |  | Trade receivables (Note 6)

As stated in the agreements, the Group is required to comply with all covenants or restrictions such as dividend distribution, obtaining new loans, and maintaining financial ratios. As of December 31, 2017, the Group has complied with all covenants or restrictions, except for certain loans. As of December 31, 2017, the Group obtained waiver from lenders to not demand the loan payment as consequence of the breach of covenants.

The credit facilities were obtained by the Group for working capital purposes.

* In original currency

a Telkomsel has no collateral for its bank loans, or other credit facilities. The terms of the various agreements with Telkomsel’s lenders and financiers require compliance with a number of covenants and negative covenants as well as financial and other covenants, which include, among other things, certain restrictions on the amount of dividends and other profit distributions which could adversely affect Telkomsel’s capacity to comply with its obligation under the facility. The terms of the relevant agreements also contain default and cross default clauses. As of December 31, 2017, Telkomsel has complied with the above covenants.

b In connection with the agreement with NEC Corporation Consortium and TE SubCom, the Company entered into a loan agreement with JBIC, for the procurement of goods and services from NEC Corporation Consortium and TE SubCom for the Southeast Asia Japan Cable System project. The facilities consist of facilities A and B amounting to US$18.8 million and US$12.5 million, respectively.

c Based on the latest amendment on May 30, 2017.

d On March 13, 2015, the Company, GSD, Metra, and Infomedia entered into several credit facilities agreements with Sumitomo, The Bank of Tokyo - Mitsubishi UFJ, Ltd., ANZ, and syndication of banks (BCA and BNI) amounting to Rp750 billion, Rp750 billion, Rp500 billion, and Rp3,000 billion, respectively. Based

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PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

on amendment on August 2, 2016, Dayamitra and Telkom Akses are included as borrowers into Sumitomo and the Bank of Tokyo - Mitsubishi UFJ, Ltd., credit facilities agreement and excluded GSD from those agreement. Based on the latest amendment on March 13, 2017, PINS is included as one of borrower into ANZ’s credit facility agreement. In 2017, PINS drawn down the facility amounted to Rp200 billion. As of December 31, 2017, the unused facilities for Sumitomo, The Bank of Tokyo - Mitsubishi UFJ, Ltd., and ANZ amounted to Rp82.5 billion, Rp82.5 billion and Rp60 billion, respectively.

e On March 24, 2017, the Company, Dayamitra, Sigma, GSD, and TII entered several credit agreements with BRI, BNI, and Bank Mandiri amounting to Rp1,000 billion, Rp1,500 billion and Rp1,500 billion, respectively. As of December 31, 2017, the unused facilities for BNI and Bank Mandiri amounted to Rp200 billion and Rp810 billion, respectively.

f On March 30, 2017, The Company, GSD, Metra, Dayamitra, PINS, and Patrakom entered into several credit agreements with The Bank of Tokyo - Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd., Sumitomo, PT Bank DBS Indonesia, Bank CIMB Niaga, and BCA amounting to Rp800 billion, Rp800 billion, Rp900 billion, Rp495 billion and Rp850 billion, respectively. As of December 31, 2017, the unused facilities for The Bank of Tokyo - Mitsubishi UFJ Ltd., Sumitomo, PT Bank DBS Indonesia, Bank CIMB Niaga, and BCA amounted to Rp529 billion, Rp529 billion, Rp759 billion, Rp195 billion and Rp750 billion, respectively.

g Based on the latest amendment on September 26, 2017.

h Based on the latest amendment on December 21, 2017.

i Based on the latest amendment on October 20, 2016.

j Based on the latest amendment on April 10, 2017

k Based on the latest amendment on May 9, 2017.

l Based on the latest amendment on April 7, 2017.

d. Other borrowings

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Current |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  |  |  |  |  | Total |  | period |  | Principal |  | Interest |  |  |  |
|  |  |  |  |  | facility |  | payment |  | payment |  | payment |  | Interest rate |  |
|  | Borrower |  | Currency |  | (in billions) |  | (in billions) |  | schedule |  | period |  | per annum |  | Security
PT Sarana Multi Infrastruktur |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
October 12, 2016 |  | Dayamitra |  | Rp |  | 700 |  | — |  | Semi-annually (2018-2024) |  | Quarterly |  | 3 months JIBOR+2.20% |  | Property and equipment (Note 10)
March 29, 2017 |  | Dayamitra |  | Rp |  | 600 |  | — |  | Semi-annually (2018-2024) |  | Quarterly |  | 3 months JIBOR+2.20% |  | Property and equipment (Note 10)

Under the agreement, Dayamitra is required to comply with all covenants or restrictions, including maintaining financial ratios as follows :

1. debt to equity ratio should not exceed 5:1

2. net debt to EBITDA ratio should not exceed 4:1

3. debt service coverage of at least 100%.

As of December 31, 2017, Dayamitra has complied with the above-mentioned ratios.

Refer to Note 31 for details of related party transactions.

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PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

18. NON-CONTROLLING INTERESTS

The details of non-controlling interests are as follow:

|  | 2016 |  | 2017
Non-controlling interests in net assets of subsidiaries: |  |  |  |
Telkomsel |  | 20,731 |  | 18,891
GSD |  | 141 |  | 186
Metra |  | 208 |  | 115
TII |  | 33 |  | 172
Total |  | 21,113 |  | 19,364

|  | 2015 |  | 2016 |  | 2017
Non-controlling interests in net income (loss) of subsidiaries: |  |  |  |  |  |
Telkomsel |  | 7,820 |  | 9,863 |  | 10,632
GSD |  | 7 |  | (5) |  | (5)
Metra |  | (6) |  | (39) |  | (83)
TII |  | (2) |  | (3) |  | 6
Total |  | 7,819 |  | 9,816 |  | 10,550

Material partly-owned subsidiary

As of December 31,2016 and 2017, the non-controlling interest holds 35% ownership interest in Telkomsel which is considered material to the Company (Note 1d).

The summarized financial information of Telkomsel below is provided based on amounts before elimination of intercompany balances and transactions.

Summarized statements of financial position

|  | 2016 |  | 2017
Current assets |  | 28,818 |  | 21,098
Non-current assets |  | 60,827 |  | 64,499
Current liabilities |  | (21,891) |  | (23,031)
Non-current liabilities |  | (8,520) |  | (8,587)
Total equity |  | 59,234 |  | 53,979
Attributable to: |  |  |  |
Equity holders of parent company |  | 38,503 |  | 35,088
Non-controlling interest |  | 20,731 |  | 18,891

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PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

Summarized statements of profit or loss and other comprehensive income

|  | 2015 |  | 2016 |  | 2017
Revenues |  | 76,055 |  | 86,725 |  | 93,217
Operating expenses |  | (46,455) |  | (49,765) |  | (53,198)
Other income – net |  | 105 |  | 483 |  | 380
Profit before income tax |  | 29,705 |  | 37,443 |  | 40,399
Income tax expense – net |  | (7,361) |  | (9,263) |  | (10,018)
Profit for the year from continuing operations |  | 22,344 |  | 28,180 |  | 30,381
Other comprehensive income net |  | (167) |  | (222) |  | (392)
Net comprehensive income for the year |  | 22,177 |  | 27,958 |  | 29,989
Attributable to non-controlling interest |  | 7,820 |  | 9,863 |  | 10,632
Dividend paid to non-controlling interest |  | 7,810 |  | 7,036 |  | 12,334

Summarized statements of cash flows

|  | 2015 |  | 2016 |  | 2017
Operating activities |  | 36,130 |  | 42,827 |  | 39,564
Investing activities |  | (12,951) |  | (12,794) |  | (13,984)
Financing activities |  | (19,456) |  | (24,132) |  | (34,720)
Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents |  | 3,723 |  | 5,901 |  | (9,140)

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PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

19. CAPITAL STOCK

The details of capital stock are as follows:

|  | 2016
|  |  |  | Percentage of |  | Total paid-in
Description |  | Number of shares |  | ownership |  | capital
Series A Dwiwarna share |  |  |  |  |  |
Government |  | 1 |  | 0 |  | 0
Series B shares |  |  |  |  |  |
Government |  | 51,602,353,559 |  | 52.09 |  | 2,580
The Bank of New York Mellon Corporation* |  | 7,000,589,980 |  | 7.07 |  | 350
Commissioners (Note 1b): |  |  |  |  |  |
Hendri Saparini |  | 414,157 |  | 0 |  | 0
Dolfie Othniel Fredric Palit |  | 372,741 |  | 0 |  | 0
Hadiyanto |  | 875,297 |  | 0 |  | 0
Directors (Note 1b): |  |  |  |  |  |
Alex Janangkih Sinaga |  | 920,349 |  | 0 |  | 0
Indra Utoyo |  | 1,972,644 |  | 0 |  | 0
Honesti Basyir |  | 1,945,644 |  | 0 |  | 0
Herdy Rosadi Harman |  | 828,012 |  | 0 |  | 0
Abdus Somad Arief |  | 828,314 |  | 0 |  | 0
Dian Rachmawan |  | 888,854 |  | 0 |  | 0
Public (individually less than 5%) |  | 40,450,227,048 |  | 40.84 |  | 2,023
Total |  | 99,062,216,600 |  | 100.00 |  | 4,953
Treasury stock (Note 21) |  | 1,737,779,800 |  | 0 |  | 87
Total |  | 100,799,996,400 |  | 100.00 |  | 5,040

|  | 2017
|  |  |  | Percentage of |  | Total paid-in
Description |  | Number of shares |  | ownership |  | capital
Series A Dwiwarna share |  |  |  |  |  |
Government |  | 1 |  | 0 |  | 0
Series B shares |  |  |  |  |  |
Government |  | 51,602,353,560 |  | 52.09 |  | 2,580
The Bank of New York Mellon Corporation* |  | 6,078,374,280 |  | 6.14 |  | 304
Commissioners (Note 1b): |  |  |  |  |  |
Hendri Saparini |  | 414,157 |  | 0 |  | 0
Hadiyanto |  | 875,297 |  | 0 |  | 0
Rinaldi Firmansyah |  | 147,100 |  | 0 |  | 0
Directors (Note 1b): |  |  |  |  |  |
Alex Janangkih Sinaga |  | 920,349 |  | 0 |  | 0
Herdy Rosadi Harman |  | 828,012 |  | 0 |  | 0
Abdus Somad Arief |  | 828,314 |  | 0 |  | 0
Dian Rachmawan |  | 888,854 |  | 0 |  | 0
Public (individually less than 5%) |  | 41,376,586,676 |  | 41.77 |  | 2,069
Total |  | 99,062,216,600 |  | 100.00 |  | 4,953
Treasury stock (Note 21) |  | 1,737,779,800 |  | 0 |  | 87
Total |  | 100,799,996,400 |  | 100.00 |  | 5,040

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PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

* The Bank of New York Mellon Corporation serves as the Depositary of the registered ADS holders for the Company’s ADSs.

The Company issued only 1 Series A Dwiwarna share which is held by the Government and can not be transferred to any party, and has a veto in the General Meeting of Stockholders of the Company with respect to election and removal from the Boards of Commissioners and Directors, issuance of new shares, and amendments of the Company’s Articles of Association.

Pursuant to the AGM of Stockholders of the Company as stated in notarial deed No. 26 dated April 17, 2015 of Ashoya Ratam, S.H., M.Kn., the Company’s stockholders approved the distribution of cash dividend and special cash dividend for 2014 amounting to Rp7,319 billion (Rp74.55 per share) and Rp1,464 billion (Rp14.91 per share), respectively. On May 21, 2015, the Company paid the cash dividend and special cash dividend totalling Rp8,783 billion.

Pursuant to the AGM of Stockholders of the Company as stated in notarial deed No. 50 dated April 22, 2016 of Ashoya Ratam, S.H., M.Kn., the Company’s stockholders approved the distribution of cash dividend and special cash dividend for 2015 amounting to Rp7,744 billion (Rp78.86 per share) and Rp1,549 billion (Rp15.77 per share), respectively. On May 26, 2016, the Company paid the cash dividend and special cash dividend totalling Rp9,293 billion.

Pursuant to the AGM of Stockholders of the Company as stated in notarial deed No. 28 dated April 21, 2017 of Ashoya Ratam, S.H., M.Kn., the Company’s stockholders approved the distribution of cash dividend and special cash dividend for 2016 amounting to Rp11,611 billion (Rp117.21 per share) and Rp1,936 billion (Rp19.54 per share), respectively. The Company paid the cash dividend and special cash dividend on December 27, 2016 and May 26, 2017 amounted to Rp1,920 billion and Rp11,627 billion, respectively.

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PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

20. ADDITIONAL PAID-IN CAPITAL

The breakdown of additional paid-in capital is as follows:

|  | 2016 |  | 2017
Proceeds from sale of 933,333,000 shares in excess of par value through IPO in 1995 |  | 1,446 |  | 1,446
Excess of value over cost of selling 211,290,500 shares under the treasury stock plan phase I (Note 21) |  | 544 |  | 544
Excess of value over cost of selling 215,000,000 shares under the treasury stock plan phase II (Note 21) |  | 576 |  | 576
Excess of value over cost of treasury stock transferred to employee stock ownership program (Note 21) |  | 228 |  | 228
Excess of value over cost of selling 22,363,000 shares under the treasury stock plan phase III (Note 21) |  | 36 |  | 36
Excess of value over cost of selling 864,000,000 shares under the treasury stock plan phase IV (Note 21) |  | 1,996 |  | 1,996
Capitalization into 746,666,640 Series B shares in 1999 |  | (373) |  | (373)
Net |  | 4,453 |  | 4,453

21. TREASURY STOCK

|  |  |  |  |  | Maximum Purchase
|  |  |  |  |  | Number of |  |
Phase |  | Basis |  | Period |  | shares |  | Amount
I |  | EGM |  | December 21, 2005 - June 20, 2007 |  | 1,007,999,964 |  | Rp5,250
II |  | AGM |  | June 29, 2007 - December 28, 2008 |  | 215,000,000 |  | Rp2,000
III |  | AGM |  | June 20, 2008 - December 20, 2009 |  | 339,443,313 |  | Rp3,000
- |  | BAPEPAM - LK |  | October 13, 2008 - January 12, 2009 |  | 4,031,999,856 |  | Rp3,000
IV |  | AGM |  | May 19, 2011 - November 20, 2012 |  | 645,161,290 |  | Rp5,000

Movements in treasury stock as a result of the repurchase of shares are as follows:

|  | 2016 |  | 2017
|  | Number of |  |  |  |  |  | Number of |  |  |  |
|  | shares |  | % |  | Rp |  | shares |  | % |  | Rp
Beginning balance |  | 2,601,779,800 |  | 2.58 |  | 3,804 |  | 1,737,779,800 |  | 1.72 |  | 2,541
Sale of treasury stock |  | (864,000,000) |  | (0.86) |  | (1,263) |  | — |  | — |  | —
Ending balance |  | 1,737,779,800 |  | 1.72 |  | 2,541 |  | 1,737,779,800 |  | 1.72 |  | 2,541

Pursuant to the AGM of Stockholders of the Company held on June 11, 2010, the stockholders approved the change in the Company’s plan for treasury stock phases I, II, and III to become: (i) for reissuance inside or outside the stock exchange, (ii) for retirement of the stock by deducting from equity, (iii) for equity stock conversion and (iv) for funding purposes.

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PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

Pursuant to the AGM of Stockholders of the Company held on May 19, 2011, the stockholders approved to execute the repurchase plan for treasury stock phase IV.

In 2012, the Company bought back 237,270,500 shares (equivalent to 1,186,352,500 shares after stock split) from the public (part of stock repurchase program phase IV) for Rp1,744 billion.

In the AGM on April 19, 2013, the Company’s stockholders approved the change to the plan for the treasury stock phase III, which was decided to be used for the implementation of the Employee Stock Ownership Program (“ESOP”) for the year 2013.

On May 31, 2013, the Company offered all its eligible employees and those of its subsidiaries (collectively referred to as the “participants”), the right to purchase a fixed number of its shares at a certain price. The shares became an entitlement of the employees on the transaction dates and were no longer conditional on the satisfaction of any vesting conditions. Shares which were held by employees through the ESOP had a lock-up period that varied from 0 up to 12 months, depending on the position of the employee. In the lock-up period, participants could not transfer shares or have shares transactions either through or outside the stock exchange.

Price per share offered was Rp10,714 and each participant received allowance (discount) of Rp5,575 per share. At the closing of this program, the Company had transferred a part of the treasury stock phase III to employees totalling 59,811,400 shares (equivalent to 299,057,000 shares after the stock split) with fair value amounting to Rp661 billion. The excess amounting to Rp228 billion in value of the treasury stock transferred over their acquisition cost was recorded as additional paid-in capital (Note 20).

The difference amounting to Rp353 billion between the fair value of treasury stock and amount paid by the participants was recorded as part of “Personnel Expenses” in the 2013 consolidated statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income.

On July 30, 2013, the Company resold 211,290,500 shares (equivalent to 1,056,452,500 shares after stock split) of treasury stock phase I with fair value amounting to Rp2,368 billion (net of related costs to sell the shares). The excess amounting to Rp544 billion in value of the treasury shares sold over their acquisition cost was recorded as additional paid-in capital (Note 20).

On June 13, 2014, the Company resold 215,000,000 shares (equivalent to 1,075,000,000 shares after stock split) of treasury stock phase II with fair value amounting to Rp2,541 billion (net of related costs to sell the shares). The excess amounting to Rp576 billion in value of the treasury stock sold over their acquisition cost was recorded as additional paid-in capital (Note 20).

On December 21, 2015, the Company resold 4,472,600 shares (equivalent to 22,363,000 shares after stock split) of treasury stock phase III with fair value amounting to Rp68 billion (net of related costs to sell the shares). The excess amounting to Rp36 billion in value of the treasury stock sold over their acquisition cost was recorded as additional paid-in capital (Note 20).

On June 29, 2016, the Company resold 172,800,000 shares (equivalent to 864,000,000 shares after stock split) of treasury stock phase IV with fair value of Rp3,259 billion (net of related costs to sell the shares). The excess amounting to Rp1,996 billion in value of the treasury stock sold over their acquisition cost was recorded as additional paid-in capital (Note 20).

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PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

22. OTHER RESERVES

Other reserves mainly consist of the translation reserve and fair value reserve. The translation reserve consists of all foreign currency differences arising from the translation of the financial statements of foreign operations amounting to Rp272 billion and Rp296 billion as of December 31, 2016 and 2017, respectively. There were no reclassifications to profit or loss for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017.

The fair value reserve consists of the cumulative net change in the fair value of available-for-sale financial assets until the investments are derecognized or impaired amounting to Rp38 billion and Rp58 billion as of December 31, 2016 and 2017, respectively. There were no reclassifications to profit or loss for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2016. The reclassification to profit or loss for the year ended December 31, 2017 is Rp9 billion.

23. BASIC AND DILUTED EARNINGS PER SHARE

Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing profit for the year attributable to owners of the parent company amounting to Rp15,451 billion, Rp19,333 billion and Rp22,120 billion by the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the year totaling 98,176,527,553 shares, 98,638,501,532 shares and 99,062,216,600 shares for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017, respectively. The weighted average number of shares takes into account the weighted average effect of changes in treasury stock transactions during the year.

Basic earnings per share amounted to Rp157.38, Rp195.99 and Rp223.30 for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017, respectively. The Company does not have potentially dilutive financial instruments as of December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017.

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PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

24. REVENUES

|  | 2015 |  | 2016 |  | 2017
Telephone revenues |  |  |  |  |  |
Cellular |  |  |  |  |  |
Usage charges |  | 36,853 |  | 38,238 |  | 37,176
Monthly subscription charges |  | 432 |  | 259 |  | 70
Sub-total |  | 37,285 |  | 38,497 |  | 37,246
Fixed lines |  |  |  |  |  |
Monthly subscription charges |  | 2,821 |  | 3,311 |  | 3,260
Usage charges |  | 4,635 |  | 3,847 |  | 3,032
Call center |  | 275 |  | 290 |  | 290
Others |  | 102 |  | 94 |  | 83
Sub-total |  | 7,833 |  | 7,542 |  | 6,665
Total telephone revenues |  | 45,118 |  | 46,039 |  | 43,911
Interconnection revenues |  | 4,290 |  | 4,151 |  | 5,175
Data, internet, and information technology service revenues |  |  |  |  |  |
Cellular internet and data |  | 19,665 |  | 28,308 |  | 37,961
Internet, data communication, and information technology services |  | 12,307 |  | 13,073 |  | 15,085
Short Messaging Services (“SMS”) |  | 15,132 |  | 15,980 |  | 13,192
Pay TV |  | 581 |  | 1,546 |  | 1,944
Others |  | 135 |  | 64 |  | 353
Total data, internet and information technology service revenues |  | 47,820 |  | 58,971 |  | 68,535
Network revenues |  | 1,231 |  | 1,444 |  | 1,873
Other revenues |  |  |  |  |  |
Sales of peripherals |  | 1,516 |  | 1,490 |  | 2,292
Call center service |  | 668 |  | 678 |  | 970
Telecommunication tower leases |  | 721 |  | 733 |  | 796
Power supply |  | 0 |  | 29 |  | 560
CPE and terminal |  | 221 |  | 192 |  | 536
E-payment |  | 126 |  | 424 |  | 505
E-health |  | 192 |  | 415 |  | 470
Others |  | 567 |  | 1,767 |  | 2,633
Total other revenues |  | 4,011 |  | 5,728 |  | 8,762
Total revenues |  | 102,470 |  | 116,333 |  | 128,256

Refer to Note 31 for details of related party transactions.

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PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

25. PERSONNEL EXPENSES

The breakdown of personnel expenses is as follows:

|  | 2015 |  | 2016 |  | 2017
Salaries and related benefits |  | 5,684 |  | 7,122 |  | 7,821
Vacation pay, incentives and other benefits |  | 4,575 |  | 4,219 |  | 3,339
Pension benefit cost (Note 29) |  | 443 |  | 1,068 |  | 1,700
Net periodic post-employment health care benefit cost (Note 29) |  | 216 |  | 163 |  | 276
LSA expense (Note 30) |  | 152 |  | 237 |  | 255
Other employee benefit cost (Note 29) |  | 53 |  | 82 |  | 62
Other post-employment benefit cost (Note 29) |  | 47 |  | 48 |  | 42
Early retirement program |  | 683 |  | 628 |  | —
Others |  | 32 |  | 45 |  | 34
Total |  | 11,885 |  | 13,612 |  | 13,529

Refer to Note 31 for details of related party transactions.

26. OPERATION, MAINTENANCE AND TELECOMMUNICATION SERVICE EXPENSES

The breakdown of operation, maintenance and telecommunication service expenses is as follows:

|  | 2015 |  | 2016 |  | 2017
Operation and maintenance |  | 15,129 |  | 17,047 |  | 19,929
Radio frequency usage charges (Note 33c.i) |  | 3,626 |  | 3,687 |  | 4,276
Cost of IT services |  | 882 |  | 1,563 |  | 2,648
Leased lines and CPE |  | 1,913 |  | 2,578 |  | 2,607
Concession fees and USO charges |  | 2,230 |  | 2,217 |  | 2,249
Cost of sales of handset (Note 7) |  | 1,493 |  | 1,481 |  | 1,544
Electricity, gas and water |  | 1,014 |  | 960 |  | 1,037
Cost of SIM cards and vouchers (Note 7) |  | 444 |  | 624 |  | 914
Tower leases |  | 646 |  | 322 |  | 472
Vehicles rental and supporting facilities |  | 296 |  | 367 |  | 301
Insurance |  | 312 |  | 256 |  | 294
Others |  | 131 |  | 161 |  | 332
Total |  | 28,116 |  | 31,263 |  | 36,603

Refer to Note 31 for details of related party transactions.

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PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

27. GENERAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE EXPENSES

The breakdown of general and administrative expenses is as follows:

|  | 2015 |  | 2016 |  | 2017
Provision for impairment of receivables (Note 6d) |  | 1,010 |  | 743 |  | 1,494
General expenses |  | 1,032 |  | 1,626 |  | 1,449
Training, education and recruitment |  | 393 |  | 399 |  | 531
Professional fees |  | 424 |  | 594 |  | 498
Travelling |  | 347 |  | 436 |  | 475
Meeting |  | 163 |  | 207 |  | 241
Social contribution |  | 116 |  | 134 |  | 197
Collection expenses |  | 368 |  | 152 |  | 135
Others |  | 351 |  | 319 |  | 240
Total |  | 4,204 |  | 4,610 |  | 5,260

Refer to Note 31 for details of related party transactions.

28. TAXATION

a. Prepaid income taxes

The breakdown of prepaid income taxes is as follows:

|  | 2016 |  | 2017
The Company - Corporate income tax |  | 473 |  | 610
Subsidiaries - Corporate income tax |  | 128 |  | 175
Total |  | 601 |  | 785
Current portion |  | (109) |  | (22)
Non-current portion (Note 11) |  | 492 |  | 763

b. Prepaid other taxes

The breakdown of prepaid other taxes is as follows:

|  | 2016 |  | 2017
The Company : |  |  |  |
Value Added Tax (“VAT”) |  | 1,410 |  | 1,967
Article 19 - Revaluation of fixed assets (Note 28h) |  | 538 |  | —
Article 22 - Witholding tax on goods delivery and import |  | — |  | 1
Article 23 - Witholding tax on service delivery |  | — |  | 44
Subsidiaries: |  |  |  |
VAT |  | 2,785 |  | 3,879
Article 23 - Withholding tax on services delivery |  | 52 |  | 17
Total |  | 4,785 |  | 5,908
Current portion |  | (2,621) |  | (2,833)
Non-current portion (Note 11) |  | 2,164 |  | 3,075

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PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

c. Current income tax liabilities

The breakdown of current income tax liabilities is as follows:

|  | 2016 |  | 2017
The Company: |  |  |  |
Article 25 - Installment of corporate income tax |  | — |  | 1
Subsidiaries: |  |  |  |
Article 25 - Installment of corporate income tax |  | 136 |  | 37
Article 29 - Corporate income tax |  | 1,100 |  | 763
Total |  | 1,236 |  | 801

d. Other tax liabilities

The breakdown of other tax liabilities is as follows:

|  | 2016 |  | 2017
The Company: |  |  |  |
Article 4 (2) - Final tax |  | 29 |  | 26
Article 21 - Individual income tax |  | 141 |  | 81
Article 22 - Withholding tax on goods delivery and imports |  | 2 |  | 3
Article 23 - Withholding tax on services |  | 42 |  | 29
Article 26 - Withholding tax on non-resident income |  | 136 |  | 1
VAT - Tax collector |  | 297 |  | 372
Sub-total |  | 647 |  | 512
Subsidiaries: |  |  |  |
Article 4 (2) - Final tax |  | 63 |  | 85
Article 21 - Individual income tax |  | 121 |  | 129
Article 22 - Withholding tax on goods delivery and imports |  | 2 |  | 3
Article 23 - Withholding tax on services |  | 93 |  | 115
Article 26 - Withholding tax on non-resident income |  | 16 |  | 303
VAT |  | 776 |  | 842
Sub-total |  | 1,071 |  | 1,477
Total |  | 1,718 |  | 1,989

e. The components of income tax expense (benefit) are as follows:

|  | 2015 |  | 2016 |  | 2017
Current |  |  |  |  |  |
The Company |  | 201 |  | 671 |  | 586
Subsidiaries |  | 8,164 |  | 10,067 |  | 10,771
Sub-total |  | 8,365 |  | 10,738 |  | 11,357
Deferred |  |  |  |  |  |
The Company |  | (38) |  | (844) |  | (1,608)
Subsidiaries |  | (304) |  | (877) |  | 209
Sub-total |  | (342) |  | (1,721) |  | (1,399)
Net income tax expense |  | 8,023 |  | 9,017 |  | 9,958

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PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

f. Reconciliation of income tax expense

The reconciliation between the income tax expense calculated by applying the applicable tax rate of 20% to the profit before income tax less income subject to final tax, and the net income tax expense as shown in the consolidated statements of profit or loss and other comprehensive income is as follows:

|  | 2015 |  | 2016 |  | 2017
Profit before income tax |  | 31,293 |  | 38,166 |  | 42,628
Less: income subject to final tax - net |  | (1,531) |  | (1,684) |  | (1,491)
Net |  | 29,762 |  | 36,482 |  | 41,137
Income tax expense calculated at the Company’s applicable statutory tax rate of 20% |  | 5,952 |  | 7,296 |  | 8,228
Difference in applicable statutory tax rate for subsidiaries |  | 1,509 |  | 1,904 |  | 2,046
Non-deductible expenses |  | 332 |  | 496 |  | 767
Final income tax expense |  | 111 |  | 345 |  | 591
Deferred tax assets that cannot be utilized - net |  | — |  | 56 |  | 4
Deferred tax assets on fixed assets revaluation for tax purpose |  | — |  | (1,415) |  | (1,796)
Others |  | 119 |  | 335 |  | 118
Net income tax expense |  | 8,023 |  | 9,017 |  | 9,958

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PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

The details of the net income tax expense for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017 are as follows:

|  | 2015 |  | 2016 |  | 2017
Estimated taxable income (loss) of the Company |  | 552 |  | 1,703 |  | (861)
Corporate income tax: |  |  |  |  |  |
The Company |  | 110 |  | 340 |  | —
Subsidiaries |  | 8,144 |  | 10,053 |  | 10,766
Final tax expense: |  |  |  |  |  |
The Company |  | 91 |  | 331 |  | 586
Subsidiaries |  | 20 |  | 14 |  | 5
Total income tax expense – current |  | 8,365 |  | 10,738 |  | 11,357
Income tax expense (benefit) - deferred - effect of temporary differences at enacted maximum tax rates |  |  |  |  |  |
The Company |  |  |  |  |  |
Realization of accrual (accrual) of expenses and inventory write-off (provision for inventory obsolescence) |  | (135) |  | 142 |  | 26
Amortization of (addition to) deferred installation fee |  | 7 |  | (10) |  | 1
Finance leases |  | (47) |  | 68 |  | 0
Valuation of long-term investments |  | (24) |  | (34) |  | —
Depreciation and gain on disposal or sale of property and equipment |  | 139 |  | (825) |  | (1,012)
Net periodic post-employment benefits costs and provision for employee benefits |  | (28) |  | (214) |  | (235)
Trade receivables write-off (provision for impairment of receivables) |  | 41 |  | 41 |  | (206)
Fiscal loss |  | — |  | — |  | (172)
Amortization of intangible assets, land rights and others |  | 9 |  | (12) |  | (10)
Net |  | (38) |  | (844) |  | (1,608)
Telkomsel |  |  |  |  |  |
Charges from leasing transactions |  | 131 |  | 164 |  | 177
Amortization of license |  | (9) |  | (4) |  | 12
Accounts receivable - Government |  | 0 |  | — |  | —
Provision for employee benefits |  | (18) |  | (55) |  | (68)
Depreciation of property and equipment |  | (350) |  | (913) |  | (55)
Trade receivables write-off (provision for impairment of receivables) |  | (9) |  | (5) |  | (41)
Net |  | (255) |  | (813) |  | 25
Subsidiaries - others - net |  | (49) |  | (64) |  | 184
Net income tax benefit - deferred |  | (342) |  | (1,721) |  | (1,399)
Income tax expense - net |  | 8,023 |  | 9,017 |  | 9,958

Tax Law No. 36/2008 with implementing rules under Government Regulation No. 56/2015 stipulates a reduction of 5% from the maximum rate applicable to qualifying listed companies, for those whose stocks are traded in the IDX which meet the prescribed criteria that the public owns 40% or more of the total fully paid and traded shares, and such shares are owned by at least 300 parties, with each party

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PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

owning less than 5% of the total paid-up shares. These requirements must be met by a company for a period of 183 days in one tax year. The Company has met all of the required criteria; therefore, for the purpose of calculating income tax expense and liabilities for the financial reporting years ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017, the Company has reduced the applicable tax rate by 5%.

The Company applied the tax rate of 20% for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017. The subsidiaries applied the tax rate of 25% for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017.

The Company will submit the above corporate income tax computation in its income tax return (“Surat Pemberitahuan Tahunan” or Annual Tax Return) for fiscal year 2017 that will be reported to the tax office based on prevailing regulations. The amount of corporate income tax for the year ended December 31, 2016 agreed with what was reported in the annual tax return.

g. Tax assessments

(i) The Company

On November 15, 2013, the Company received tax underpayment assessment letters (“SKPKBs”) for the underpayment of VAT for the period January 2007 to September 2007 and November 2007 amounting to Rp142 billion. On January 20, 2014, the Company filed its objection to the Tax Authorities, and in December 2014, Tax Authorities issued a decision which rejected the objections. The Compan y accepted the assessment on the underpayment of VAT amounting to Rp22 billion (including penalty of Rp10 billion). The accepted portion was charged to the 2014 consolidated statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income. The portion of VAT international incoming call interconnection amounting to Rp120 billion (including penalty of Rp39 billion) is recognized as claim for tax refund. On March 12, 2015, the Company has filed an appeal to the Tax Court on the rejection of its objection to the assessment of VAT international incoming call interconnection.

On August 1 and 2, 2017, the Tax Court issued a verdict regarding to VAT international incoming call interconnection appeal process. The verdict stated that the international incoming call interconnection is the taxable services and categorized as export service that subject to 0% VAT and granted all the Company’s appeal. In September 2017, the Company received tax refund amounting to Rp115 billion and for remaining balance amounting to Rp5 billion has been compensated to withholding tax article 21 tax collection letters.

On October 26 and November 23, 2017, the Company received a notification from Tax Court that Tax Authorities filed a request for judicial review. On November 23 and December 21, 2017, to response the judicial review from Tax Authorities, the Company sent contra memorandum for judicial review to Supreme Court (“SC”). As of the date of approval and authorization for the issuance of these consolidated financial statements, the judicial review is still in process.

In November 2014, the Company received SKPKBs from the Tax Authorities as the result of the tax audit for fiscal year 2011. Based on the letters, the Company received VAT underpayment assessment for the tax period January 2011 to December 2011 amounting to Rp182.5 billion (including penalty of Rp60 billion) and corporate income tax underpayment amounting to Rp2.8 billion (including penalty of Rp929 million). The accepted portion amounting to Rp4.7 billion (including penalty of Rp2 billion) was charged to the 2014 consolidated financial statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income. The portion of VAT international incoming call interconnection amounting to Rp178 billion (including penalty of Rp58 billion) is recognized as claim

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PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

for tax refund. On January 7, 2015, the Company filed an objection and on October 20, 2015, Tax Authorities issued a rejection regarding this objection. On January 20, 2016, the Company filed an appeal on the decision of its objection.

On April 4 and 5, 2017, the Tax Court issued a verdict regarding to VAT international incoming call interconnection appeal process. The verdict stated that the international incoming call interconnection is the taxable services and categorized as export service that subject to 0% VAT and granted the Company’s appeal for the tax period January 2011 and September 2011 to December 2011. Tax Court rejected the Company’s appeal for the tax period February 2011 to August 2011, since the Company did not meet the administrative requirement. Regarding this rejection, on June 19 and 21, 2017, the Company filed the request for judicial review. As of the date of approval and authorization for the issuance of these consolidated financial statements, the judicial review is still in process.

On May 3, 2016, the Tax Authorities issued Field Tax Audit Notification Letter for tax period January 2012 to December 2012. On November 3, 2016, Tax Authorities issued SKPKBs for fiscal year 2012, wherein the Company was liable for underpayment of corporate income tax amounting to Rp991.6 billion (including penalty of Rp321.6 billion), VAT underpayment amounting to Rp467 billion (including penalty of Rp153.5 billion), self-assessed offshore VAT underpayment amounting to Rp1.2 billion (including penalty of Rp392 million), VAT on tax collected underpayment amounting to Rp57 billion (including penalty of Rp18.5 billion). The Company also received Tax Collection Letter (“STP”) for VAT amounting to Rp37.5 billion, withholding tax article 21 underpayment amounting to Rp16.2 billion (including penalty of Rp5.3 billion), final withholding tax article 21 underpayment amounting to Rp1.2 billion (including penalty of Rp407 million), withholding tax article 23 underpayment amounting to Rp63.5 billion (including penalty of Rp20.6 billion), withholding tax article 4 (2) underpayment amounting to Rp25 billion (including penalty of Rp8.1 billion) and withholding tax article 26 underpayment amounting to Rp197.6 billion (including penalty of Rp64 billion). The Company has agreed to the recalculation of input tax credit on international incoming call interconnection services amounting to Rp35 billion, corporate income tax amounting to Rp613 million and withholding tax article 26 amounting to Rp311.5 million that have been charged in the 2016 consolidated statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income. The Company filed an objection regarding to the remaining assessments on November 16, 2016.

On March 1, 2017 and May 9, 2017, the Company received the Decision Letter from Tax Authorities for the underpayment of self-assessed offshore VAT amounting to Rp1.8 million (including penalty of Rp0.6 million) and the underpayment of VAT on tax collected amounting to Rp4.4 billion (including penalty of Rp1.4 billion). The Company decided to accept the decision.

On October 19, 2017, the Tax Authorities issued Decision Letter on Company’s objections, wherein the Tax Authorities has reduced Company’s underpayment. Based on Decision Letter, the Company was liable for underpayment of withholding tax article 21 amounting to Rp20.7 billion (including penalty of Rp6.7 billion), underpayment of final withholding tax article 21 amounting to Rp23.8 billion (including penalty of Rp7.7 billion), underpayment of withholding tax article 23 amounting to Rp115.7 billion (including penalty of Rp37.5 billion), underpayment of withholding tax article 4 (2) amounting to Rp25 billion (including penalty of Rp8.1 billion), underpayment of withholding tax article 26 amounting to Rp197.6 billion (including penalty of Rp64.1 billion) and underpayment of corporate income tax amounting to Rp496.4 billion (including penalty of Rp161 billion). On October 30 and 31, 2017, the Tax Authorities issued Decision Letter on Company’s objection, wherein the Tax Authorities has reduced Company’s underpayment for VAT from the tax period January 2012 to December 2012 with total of Rp429.3 billion (including penalty of Rp141.2

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PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

billion). On January, 17 and 26, 2018, the Company filed an appeal on the rejection of its objection. As of the date of approval and authorization for the issuance of these consolidated financial statements, the appeal is still in process.

On August 23, 2016, the Tax Authorities issued Field Tax Audit Notification Letter for tax period January 2015 to December 2015 regarding overpayment of corporate income tax amounting to Rp414 billion. On April 25, 2017, the Tax Authorities issued Tax Overpayment Assessment Letter (“SKPLB”) for overpayment of corporate income tax amounting to Rp147 billion, and SKPKBs for underpayment of VAT amounting to Rp13 billion (including penalty of Rp4 billion), underpayment of VAT on tax collected amounting to Rp6 billion (including penalty of Rp1.5 billion), underpayment of self-assessed offshore VAT amounting to Rp55 billion (including penalty of Rp17 billion). The Company also received STP of VAT amounting to Rp34 billion, VAT on tax collected amounting to Rp7 billion and self-assessed offshore VAT amounting to Rp8 billion.

The Company accepted tax audit decision amounting to Rp17 billion for corporate income tax, to transfer deductible temporary differences related to provision for incentives to fixed wireless (Flexi) subscribers’ migration amounting to Rp42 billion from Annual Tax Return of corporate income tax fiscal year 2015 to Annual Tax Return of corporate income tax fiscal year 2016. The Company also accepted underpayment of VAT, underpayment of VAT on tax collected and STP of VAT on tax collected totaling to Rp26 billion. The accepted portion was charged to the consolidated financial statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income.

On July 24, 2017, the Company filed Objection Letter to the Tax Authorities for corporate income tax amounting to Rp210.5 billion and self-assessed offshore VAT amounting to Rp55 billion. As of the date of approval and authorization for the issuance of these consolidated financial statements, the objection is still in process.

On August 25, 2017, the Tax Authorities issued Field Tax Audit Notification Letter for tax periods January 2016 to December 2016 for all taxes. This audit is related to claim for tax refund of overpayment corporate income tax for fiscal year 2016. As of the date of approval and authorization for the issuance of these consolidated financial statements, the tax audit is still in process.

On September 11, 2017 and January 9, 2018, the Tax Authorities issued Field Tax Audit Notification Letter for tax period November 2014 and December 2014 regarding claim for tax refund overpayment of VAT correction for tax period November 2014 and December 2014 amounting to Rp129 billion and Rp86.7 billion, respectively. As of the date of approval and authorization for the issuance of these consolidated financial statements, the tax audit is still in process.

(ii) Telkomsel

In December 2013, the Tax Court accepted Telkomsel’s appeal on the 2006 VAT and withholding taxes totaling Rp116 billion. In February 2014, Telkomsel received the refund. On July 3, 2015, in response to Telkomsel’s letter claiming for interest income related to favorable 2006 VAT and withholding tax verdicts, the Tax Authorities informed Telkomsel that the claim cannot be granted since the Tax Authorities filed a request for judicial review to the SC. On August 19, 2016, Telkomsel received a notification from the Tax Court that the Tax Authorities filed a request for judicial review to SC for the VAT case amounting to Rp108 billion. Telkomsel filed a contra memorandum for judicial review to the SC on September 14, 2016. In April 2017, Tax Authorities has granted Telkomsel’s claim on interest income will be compensate against corporate income

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PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

tax installment for the period of April 2017. As of the date of approval and authorization for the issuance of these consolidated financial statements, the judicial review is still in process.

On April 21, 2010, the Tax Authorities filed a request for judicial review to the SC for the Tax Court’s acceptance of Telkomsel’s request to cancel the STP for the underpayment of December 2008 income tax article 25 amounting to Rp429 billion (including a penalty of Rp8.4 billion). In May 2010, Telkomsel filed a contra memorandum for judicial review to the SC. On March 2, 2017, Telkomsel received the official verdict from the SC which accept the Tax Authorities request. The penalty was paid in June 2017.

In May and June 2012, Telkomsel received the refund of the penalty on the 2010 income tax article 25 underpayment amounting to Rp15.7 billion based on the Tax Court’s verdict. On July 17, 2012, the Tax Authorities filed a request for judicial review to the SC on the Tax Court’s Verdict. On September 14, 2012, Telkomsel filed a contra memorandum for judicial review to the SC. In July 2016, conservatively, Telkomsel recognized the tax penalty of Rp15.7 billion as expense based on its previous experience on a similar income tax case. As of the date of approval and authorization for the issuance of these consolidated financial statements, the judicial review is still on process.

On May 24, 2012, Telkomsel filed an objection to the Tax Authorities for the 2010 underpayment of VAT of Rp290.6 billion (including penalty of Rp67 billion) and recorded it as a claim for tax refund. On May 9, 2017, Telkomsel received the official verdict from the SC which rejected Telkomsel’s request, therein Telkomsel paid the underpayment on July 10, 2017. On July 19, 2017, Telkomsel filed the second judicial review to contest against the SC’s verdict. As of the date of approval and authorization for the issuance of these consolidated financial statements, the second judicial review is still in process.

On February 15, 2016, Telkomsel filed an appeal to the Tax Authorities for the 2011 underpayment of corporate income tax of Rp250 billion (including penalty of Rp81.1 billion). Subsequently, on March 17, 2016, Telkomsel also filed an appeal to the Tax Court for the underpayment of VAT amounting to Rp1.2 billion (including penalty of Rp392 million). On February 6, 2017, Telkomsel received the Tax Court’s verdict for VAT cases of Rp1.2 billion in favor of Telkomsel. In March and June 2017, Telkomsel received the tax refund. On March 2, 2017, Telkomsel received the Tax Court’s Verdict for the 2011 underpayment of corporate income tax which partially accepted Telkomsel’s appeal amounting to Rp247.6 billion and on August 31, 2017, Telkomsel received the tax refund.

In July and October 2017, Telkomsel received notifications that the Tax Authorities had filed a request for judicial reviews to the SC for cases relating to corporate income tax and VAT amounting to Rp62 billion and Rp1.2 billion, respectively. Telkomsel submitted its contra memorandum for judicial review in August 2017 and November 2017. As of the date of approval and authorization for the issuance of these consolidated financial statements, the judicial review is still in process.

On July 28, 2016 and in April 2017, Telkomsel received the tax audit instruction letter for compliance of fiscal year 2014 and 2015, respectively. As of the date of approval and authorization for the issuance of these consolidated financial statements, the tax audit is still in progress.

h. Tax incentives

In December 2015, the Company took advantage of the Economic Policy Package V in the form of tax incentives for fixed assets revaluation as stipulated in the Ministry of Finance Regulation (“PMK”)

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PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

No. 191/PMK.010/2015 juncto PMK No. 233/PMK.03/2015 juncto PMK No. 29/PMK.03/2016. In accordance with the PMK, the Company is allowed to revalue its fixed assets for tax purposes and will obtain lower income tax when the application of the revaluation is submitted to Directorate General of Taxes ("DGT") during the period between the effective date of PMK and December 31, 2016. The final income tax is determined at a rate ranging from 3%‑6% on the excess of the revalued amount of fixed assets over its original net book value depending on the timing of submission of application to the DGT.

On December 29, 2015, the Company filed an application for fixed assets revaluation using self-assessed revaluation amount and has paid the related final income tax amounting to Rp750 billion. Based on the PMK, the self-assessed revaluation amount should be evaluated by a Public Independent Appraiser (“KJPP”) or valuation specialist, which is registered with the Government before December 31, 2016. Upon verification of the completeness and accuracy of the application, the DGT may issue approval letter within 30 days after the receipt of complete application. The Company has appointed a KJPP to perform fixed assets revaluation of the Company.

The Company submitted the fixed asset revaluation documents phase 1 to DGT on September 29, 2016. On November 10, 2016, DGT issued approval regarding fixed assets revaluation amounting to Rp7,078 billion with related final income tax amounting to Rp212 billion.

On December 15, 2016, the Company submitted its fixed assets revaluation application for Phase 2 to DGT and expects to be eligible for 6% tax rate. In its application, the Company estimated a revaluation increment of Rp8,961 billion with estimated final income tax of Rp538 billion. In 2017, t he Company received fixed asset revaluation report from KJPP. Based on the report, the value of fixed asset increased amounting to Rp8,982 billion with related final income tax amounting to Rp540 billion. The Company has paid final income tax amounting to Rp2 billion as addition on September 22, 2017 and November 15, 2017. On November 21, 2017, DGT issued approval regarding fixed assets revaluation amounting to Rp8,982 billion with related final income tax amounting to Rp540 billion.

A deductible temporary difference arose on this fixed assets revaluation for tax purposes since the tax base of the fixed assets is higher than their carrying amount. The deductible temporary difference results in a deferred tax asset since the economic benefits will flow to the Company in a form of reduction of taxable income in the future periods when the assets are recovered.

In 2016, the Company recognized deferred tax assets amounting to Rp1,415 billion on the phase 1 revaluation increment on fixed assets, as approved by the DGT. In 2017, based on DGT’s approval, The Company recognized deferred tax asset amounting to Rp1,796 billion on the phase 2 revaluation increment on fixed assets.

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PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

i. Deferred tax assets and liabilities

The details of deferred tax assets and liabilities are as follows:

|  |  |  |  |  | (Charged) |  |  |  |
|  |  |  | (Charged) |  | credited to other |  | (Charged) |  |
|  | December 31, |  | credited to profit |  | comprehensive |  | credited |  | December 31,
|  | 2015 |  | or loss |  | income |  | to equity |  | 2016
The Company |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Deferred tax assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net periodic pension and other post-employment benefit costs |  | 335 |  | 102 |  | 126 |  | — |  | 563
Provision for impairment of receivables |  | 429 |  | (41) |  | — |  | — |  | 388
Provision for employee benefits |  | 97 |  | 112 |  | — |  | — |  | 209
Deferred installation fee |  | 65 |  | 10 |  | — |  | — |  | 75
Accrued expenses and provision for inventory obsolescence |  | 211 |  | (142) |  | — |  | — |  | 69
Finance leases |  | 69 |  | (68) |  | — |  | — |  | 1
Total deferred tax assets |  | 1,206 |  | (27) |  | 126 |  | — |  | 1,305
Deferred tax liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Difference between accounting and tax bases of property and equipment |  | (1,597) |  | 825 |  | — |  | — |  | (772)
Valuation of long-term investment |  | (45) |  | 34 |  | — |  | — |  | (11)
Land rights, intangible assets and others |  | (23) |  | 12 |  | — |  | — |  | (11)
Total deferred tax liabilities |  | (1,665) |  | 871 |  | — |  | — |  | (794)
Deferred tax assets (liabilities) of the Company - net |  | (459) |  | 844 |  | 126 |  | — |  | 511
Deferred tax assets of the other subsidiaries - net |  | 201 |  | 50 |  | 3 |  | 4 |  | 258
Telkomsel |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Deferred tax assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Provision for employee benefits |  | 349 |  | 55 |  | 74 |  | — |  | 478
Provision for impairment of receivables |  | 138 |  | 5 |  | — |  | — |  | 143
Total deferred tax assets |  | 487 |  | 60 |  | 74 |  | — |  | 621
Deferred tax liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Finance leases |  | (385) |  | (164) |  | — |  | — |  | (549)
Difference between accounting and tax bases property and equipment |  | (1,395) |  | 913 |  | — |  | — |  | (482)
License amortization |  | (52) |  | 4 |  | — |  | — |  | (48)
Total deferred tax liabilities |  | (1,832) |  | 753 |  | — |  | — |  | (1,079)
Deferred tax liabilities of Telkomsel - net |  | (1,345) |  | 813 |  | 74 |  | — |  | (458)
Deferred tax liabilities of the other subsidiaries - net |  | (306) |  | 14 |  | 5 |  | — |  | (287)
Total deferred tax liabilities - net |  | (2,110) |  | 1,286 |  | 79 |  | — |  | (745)
Total deferred tax assets - net |  | 201 |  | 435 |  | 129 |  | 4 |  | 769

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PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

|  |  |  |  |  | (Charged) |  | (Charged) |  |
|  |  |  | (Charged) |  | credited to other |  | credited to equity |  |
|  | December 31, |  | credited to profit |  | comprehensive |  | and |  | December 31,
|  | 2016 |  | or loss |  | income |  | reclassification |  | 2017
The Company |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Deferred tax assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net periodic pension and other post-employment benefit costs |  | 563 |  | 197 |  | 342 |  | — |  | 1,102
Provision for impairment of receivables |  | 388 |  | 206 |  | — |  | — |  | 594
Provision for employee benefits |  | 209 |  | 38 |  | — |  | — |  | 247
Difference between accounting and tax bases of property and equipment |  | (772) |  | 1,012 |  | — |  | — |  | 240
Fiscal loss |  | — |  | 172 |  | — |  | — |  | 172
Deferred installation fee |  | 75 |  | (1) |  | — |  | — |  | 74
Accrued expenses and provision for inventory obsolescence |  | 69 |  | (26) |  | — |  | — |  | 43
Finance leases |  | 1 |  | (0) |  | — |  | — |  | 1
Total deferred tax assets |  | 533 |  | 1,598 |  | 342 |  | — |  | 2,473
Deferred tax liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Valuation of long-term investment |  | (11) |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | (11)
Land rights, intangible assets and others |  | (11) |  | 10 |  | — |  | — |  | (1)
Total deferred tax liabilities |  | (22) |  | 10 |  | — |  | — |  | (12)
Deferred tax assets of the Company - net |  | 511 |  | 1,608 |  | 342 |  | — |  | 2,461
Deferred tax assets of the other subsidiaries - net |  | 258 |  | (20) |  | 9 |  | 96 |  | 343
Telkomsel |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Deferred tax assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Provision for employee benefits |  | 478 |  | 68 |  | 131 |  | — |  | 677
Provision for impairment of receivables |  | 143 |  | 41 |  | — |  | — |  | 184
Total deferred tax assets |  | 621 |  | 109 |  | 131 |  | — |  | 861
Deferred tax liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Finance leases |  | (549) |  | (177) |  | — |  | — |  | (726)
Difference between accounting and tax bases of property and equipment |  | (482) |  | 55 |  | — |  | (125) |  | (552)
License amortization |  | (48) |  | (12) |  | — |  | — |  | (60)
Total deferred tax liabilities |  | (1,079) |  | (134) |  | — |  | (125) |  | (1,338)
Deferred tax liabilities of Telkomsel - net |  | (458) |  | (25) |  | 131 |  | (125) |  | (477)
Deferred tax liabilities of the other subsidiaries - net |  | (287) |  | (164) |  | 12 |  | (17) |  | (456)
Total deferred tax liabilities - net |  | (745) |  | (189) |  | 143 |  | (142) |  | (933)
Total deferred tax assets - net |  | 769 |  | 1,588 |  | 351 |  | 96 |  | 2,804

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017, the aggregate amounts of temporary differences associated with investments in subsidiaries and associated companies, for which deferred tax liabilities have not been recognized were Rp34,466 billion and Rp31,783 billion, respectively.

Realization of the deferred tax assets is dependent upon the Group’s capability in generating future profitable operations. Although realization is not assured, the Group believes that it is probable that these deferred tax assets will be realized through reduction of future taxable income when temporary differences reverse. The amount of deferred tax assets is considered realizable; however, it can be reduced if actual future taxable income is lower than estimates.

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PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

j. Administration

From 2008 to 2017, the Company has been consecutively entitled to income tax rate reduction of 5% for meeting the requirements in accordance with the Government Regulation No. 81/2007 as amended by Government Regulation No. 77/2013 and the latest by Government Regulation No. 56/2015 in conjunction with PMK No. 238/PMK.03/2008. On the basis of historical data, for the year ended December 31, 2017, the Company calculates the deferred tax using the tax rate of 20%.

The taxation laws of Indonesia require that the Company and its local subsidiaries submit individual tax returns on the basis of self-assessment. Under prevailing regulations, the DGT may assess or amend taxes within a certain period. For fiscal years 2007 and earlier, the period is within ten years from the time the tax became due, but not later than 2013, while for fiscal years 2008 and onwards, the period is within five years from the time the tax became due.

The Ministry of Finance of the Republic of Indonesia has issued Regulation No. 85/PMK.03/2012 dated June 6, 2012 as amended by PMK No. 136 ‑ PMK.03/2012 dated August 16, 2012 concerning the appointment of State-Owned Enterprises ("SOEs") to withhold, deposit and report VAT and Sales Tax on Luxury Goods ("PPnBM") according to the procedures outlined in the Regulation which is effective from July 1, 2012. The Ministry of Finance of the Republic of Indonesia also has issued Regulation No. 224/PMK.011/2012 dated December 26, 2012 concerning the appointment of SOEs to withhold income tax article 22 as amended by PMK No. 16/PMK.010/2016 dated February 3, 2016. The Company has withheld, deposited, and reported the VAT, PPnBM and also income tax article 22 in accordance with the Regulations.

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PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

29. PENSION AND OTHER POST-EMPLOYMENT BENEFITS

The details of pension and other post-employment benefit liabilities are as follows:

|  | Notes |  | 2016 |  | 2017
Prepaid pension benefit cost |  |  |  |  |  |
The Company – funded |  |  |  | 197 |  | —
MD Media |  |  |  | 1 |  | —
Infomedia |  |  |  | 1 |  | —
Total |  |  |  | 199 |  | —
Pension benefit and other post-employment benefit obligations |  |  |  |  |  |
Pension benefit |  |  |  |  |  |
The Company - funded |  | 29a.i.a |  |  |  |
Defined pension benefit obligation |  | 29a.i.a.i |  | — |  | 1,540
Additional pension benefit obligation |  | 29a.i.a.ii |  | — |  | 1,076
The Company - unfunded |  | 29a.i.b |  | 2,507 |  | 2,384
Telkomsel |  | 29a.ii |  | 1,193 |  | 1,839
Patrakom |  |  |  | 0 |  | 0
MD Media |  |  |  | — |  | 0
Infomedia |  |  |  | — |  | 0
Sub-total pension benefit |  |  |  | 3,700 |  | 6,839
Net periodic post-employment health care benefit |  | 29b |  | 1,592 |  | 2,419
Other post-employment benefit |  | 29c |  | 502 |  | 510
Obligation under the Labor Law |  | 29d |  | 332 |  | 427
Total |  |  |  | 6,126 |  | 10,195

The details of net benefit expense recognized in the consolidated statements of profit or loss and other comprehensive income is as follows:

|  | Notes |  | 2015 |  | 2016 |  | 2017
Pension benefit cost |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
The Company - funded |  | 29a.i.a |  |  |  |  |  |
Defined pension benefit obligation |  | 29a.i.a.i |  | 12 |  | 608 |  | 557
Additional pension benefit obligation |  | 29a.i.a.ii |  | — |  | — |  | 657
The Company - unfunded |  | 29a.i.b |  | 251 |  | 279 |  | 239
Telkomsel |  | 29a.ii |  | 179 |  | 181 |  | 247
MD Media |  |  |  | 1 |  | 0 |  | 0
Infomedia |  |  |  | 0 |  | 0 |  | 0
Patrakom |  |  |  | — |  | 0 |  | 0
Total pension benefit cost |  | 25 |  | 443 |  | 1,068 |  | 1,700
Net periodic post-employment health care benefit cost |  | 25,29b |  | 216 |  | 163 |  | 276
Other post-employment benefit cost |  | 25,29c |  | 47 |  | 48 |  | 42
Obligation under the Labor Law |  | 25,29d |  | 53 |  | 82 |  | 62
Total |  |  |  | 759 |  | 1,361 |  | 2,080

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PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

The amounts recognized in OCI are as follows:

|  | Notes |  | 2015 |  | 2016 |  | 2017
Defined benefit plan actuarial gain (losses) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Pension |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
The Company - funded |  | 29a.i.a |  |  |  |  |  |
Defined pension benefit obligation |  | 29a.i.a.i |  | 186 |  | (492) |  | (1,154)
Additional pension benefit obligation |  | 29a.i.a.ii |  | — |  | — |  | (419)
The Company - unfunded |  | 29a.i.b |  | (187) |  | (119) |  | (100)
Telkomsel |  | 29a.ii |  | (172) |  | (292) |  | (530)
Infomedia |  |  |  | 0 |  | 0 |  | (1)
Patrakom |  |  |  | — |  | 0 |  | 0
MD Media |  |  |  | 1 |  | (1) |  | (2)
Post-employment health care benefit cost |  | 29b |  | 540 |  | (1,309) |  | (551)
Other post-employment benefit |  | 29c |  | (11) |  | (20) |  | (40)
Obligation under the Labor Law |  | 29d |  | (48) |  | (33) |  | (72)
Sub-total |  |  |  | 309 |  | (2,266) |  | (2,869)
Deferred tax effect at the applicable tax rates |  | 28i |  | 59 |  | 208 |  | 494
Defined benefit plan actuarial gain (losses) - net of tax |  |  |  | 368 |  | (2,058) |  | (2,375)

a. Pension benefit cost

i. The Company

a. Funded pension plan

i. Defined pension benefit obligation

The Company sponsors a defined benefit pension plan for employees with permanent status prior to July 1, 2002. The plan is governed by the pension laws in Indonesia and managed by Telkom Pension Fund (“Dana Pensiun Telkom” or “Dapen”). The pension benefits are paid based on the participating employees’ latest basic salary at retirement and the number of years of their service. The participating employees contribute 18% (before March 2003: 8.4%) of their basic salaries to the pension fund. The Company did not make contributions to the pension fund for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017.

The following table presents the changes in projected pension benefit obligations, changes in pension benefit plan assets, funded status of the pension plan and net amount

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PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

recognized in the consolidated statements of financial position as of December 31, 2016 and 2017, under the defined benefit pension plan:

|  | 2016 |  | 2017
Changes in projected pension benefit obligations |  |  |  |
Projected pension benefit obligations at beginning of year |  | 16,505 |  | 18,849
Charged to profit or loss: |  |  |  |
Service costs |  | 363 |  | 366
Past service cost - plan amendments |  | 245 |  | 94
Interest costs |  | 1,444 |  | 1,454
Pension plan participants’ contributions |  | 44 |  | 41
Actuarial losses recognized in OCI |  | 1,680 |  | 2,862
Pension benefits paid |  | (1,432) |  | (1,312)
Projected pension benefit obligations at end of year |  | 18,849 |  | 22,354
Changes in pension benefit plan assets |  |  |  |
Fair value of pension plan assets at beginning of year |  | 17,834 |  | 19,046
Interest income |  | 1,458 |  | 1,388
Return on plan assets (excluding amount included in net interest expense) |  | 1,188 |  | 1,708
Pension plan participants’ contributions |  | 44 |  | 41
Pension benefits paid |  | (1,432) |  | (1,312)
Plan administration cost |  | (46) |  | (57)
Fair value of pension plan assets at end of year |  | 19,046 |  | 20,814
Funded status |  | 197 |  | (1,540)
Effect of asset ceiling |  | — |  | —
(Projected pension benefit obligation) prepaid pension benefit cost at end of year |  | 197 |  | (1,540)

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PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017, plan assets consist of:

|  | 2016 |  | 2017
|  | Quoted in |  |  |  | Quoted in |  |
|  | active market |  | Unquoted |  | active market |  | Unquoted
Cash and cash equivalents |  | 1,064 |  | — |  | 1,481 |  | —
Equity instruments: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Finance |  | 1,039 |  | — |  | 1,463 |  | —
Consumer goods |  | 1,206 |  | — |  | 1,411 |  | —
Infrastructure, utilities and transportation |  | 536 |  | — |  | 656 |  | —
Construction, property and real estate |  | 577 |  | — |  | 363 |  | —
Basic industry and chemical |  | 130 |  | — |  | 115 |  | —
Trading, service and investment |  | 216 |  | — |  | 388 |  | —
Mining |  | 62 |  | — |  | 92 |  | —
Agriculture |  | 71 |  | — |  | 46 |  | —
Miscellaneous industries |  | 361 |  | — |  | 377 |  | —
Equity-based mutual fund |  | 1,296 |  | — |  | 1,233 |  | —
Fixed income instruments: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Corporate bonds |  | — |  | 3,817 |  | — |  | 5,428
Government bonds |  | 7,978 |  | — |  | 6,968 |  | —
Mutual funds |  | 30 |  | — |  | 54 |  | —
Non-public equity: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Direct placement |  | — |  | 174 |  | — |  | 237
Property |  | — |  | 188 |  | — |  | 188
Others |  | — |  | 301 |  | — |  | 314
Total |  | 14,566 |  | 4,480 |  | 14,647 |  | 6,167

Pension plan assets include Series B shares issued by the Company with fair values totalling Rp395 billion and Rp469 billion, representing 2.07% and 2.25% of total plan assets as of December 31, 2016 and 2017, respectively, and bonds issued by the Company with fair value totalling Rp311 billion and Rp340 billion, representing 1.63% and 1.64% of total plan assets as of December 31, 2016 and 2017, respectively.

The expected return is determined based on market expectation for returns over the entire life of the obligation by considering the portfolio mix of the plan assets. The actual return on plan assets was Rp2,600 billion and Rp3,039 billion for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2017, respectively. Based on the Company’s policy issued on January 14, 2014 regarding Dapen’s Funding Policy, the Company will not contribute to Dapen when Dapen’s Funding Sufficiency Ratio ("FSR") is above 105%. Based on Dapen’s financial statement as of December 31, 2017, Dapen’s FSR is above 105%. Therefore, the Company did not make contributions to the defined benefit pension plan in 2017.

Based on the Company’s policy issued on June 24, 2016 regarding Pension Regulation by Dapen, widow/widower or the children of participants who enrolled before April 20, 1992, will receive the increment of monthly pension benefits from 60% to 75% of pension benefits received by the pensioners with effective date since January 1, 2016. In addition, the Company provided other benefits to enhance the pensioners’ welfare which were provided only in 2016. Such other benefits consist of Rp6 million to monthly pension beneficiaries who retired before

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PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

end of June 2002 and other benefit of Rp3 million to monthly pension beneficiaries who retired starting from the end of June 2002 until the end of May 2016.

Based on the company's policy issued on June 7, 2017 regarding Pension Regulation by Dapen, the Company provided other benefits amounted to Rp4.5 million to monthly pension beneficiaries who retired before end of June 2002 and Rp2.25 million to monthly pension beneficiaries who retired starting from the end of June 2002 until the end of April 2017.

The movement of the projected pension benefit obligations for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2017 are as follows:

|  | 2016 |  | 2017
Prepaid pension benefit cost at beginning of year |  | 1,329 |  | 197
Net periodic pension benefit cost |  | (640) |  | (583)
Actuarial losses recognized in OCI |  | (1,680) |  | (2,862)
Return on plan assets (excluding amount included in net interest expense) |  | 1,188 |  | 1,708
(Projected pension benefit obligation) prepaid pension benefit cost at end of year |  | 197 |  | (1,540)

The components of net periodic pension benefit cost for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017 are as follows:

|  | 2015 |  | 2016 |  | 2017
Service costs |  | 218 |  | 363 |  | 366
Past service cost - plan amendments |  | (55) |  | 245 |  | 94
Plan administration cost |  | 71 |  | 46 |  | 57
Net interest cost |  | (131) |  | (14) |  | 66
Settlement |  | (76) |  | — |  | —
Net periodic pension benefit cost |  | 27 |  | 640 |  | 583
Amount charged to subsidiaries under contractual agreements |  | (15) |  | (32) |  | (26)
Net periodic pension benefit cost less cost charged to subsidiaries |  | 12 |  | 608 |  | 557

Amounts recognized in OCI are as follows:

|  | 2015 |  | 2016 |  | 2017
Actuarial (gain) losses recognized during the year due to: |  |  |  |  |  |
Experience adjustments |  | (991) |  | 70 |  | 163
Changes in demographic assumptions |  | 137 |  | 140 |  | —
Changes in financial assumptions |  | (812) |  | 1,470 |  | 2,699
Effect of asset ceiling |  | (357) |  | — |  | —
Return on plan assets (excluding amount included in net interest expense) |  | 1,837 |  | (1,188) |  | (1,708)
Net |  | (186) |  | 492 |  | 1,154

The actuarial valuation for the defined benefit pension plan was performed based on the measurement date as of December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017, with reports dated February 25, 2016, February 22, 2017 and February 27, 2018, respectively, by PT Towers Watson

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PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

Purbajaga (“TWP”), an independent actuary in association with Willis Towers Watson (“WTW”) (formerly Towers Watson). The principal actuarial assumptions used by the independent actuary as of December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017 are as follows:

|  | 2015 |  | 2016 |  | 2017 |
Discount rate |  | 9.00 | % | 8.00 | % | 6.75 | %
Rate of compensation increases |  | 8.00 | % | 8.00 | % | 8.00 | %
Indonesian mortality table |  | 2011 |  | 2011 |  | 2011 |

ii.Additional pension benefit obligation

Based on the Company’s policy issued on June 7, 2017 regarding Pension Regulation by Dapen, the Company established additional benefit fund at maximum 10% of surplus of defined benefit plan, when FSR is above 105% and rate of return on investment is above actuarial discount rate of pension fund.

The additional pension benefit obligation for the year ended December 31, 2017 is as follows:

|  | 2017
Additional pension benefit obligations at beginning of year |  | —
Charged to profit or loss: |  |
Service cost |  | —
Past service cost |  | 657
Interest cost |  | —
Actuarial loss recognized in OCI |  | 419
Additional pension benefit obligation at end of year |  | 1,076

The components of additional pension benefit cost for the year ended December 31, 2017 is as follows:

|  | 2017
Service cost |  | —
Past service cost |  | 657
Plan administration cost |  | —
Interest cost |  | —
Pension benefit cost |  | 657

Amounts recognized in OCI is as follow:

|  | 2017
Actuarial losses recognized during the year due to: |  |
Experience adjustment |  | —
Changes in demographic assumption |  | —
Changes in financial assumption |  | 419
Total |  | 419

The actuarial valuation for the additional pension benefit plan was performed based on the measurement date as of December 31, 2017, with report dated February 27, 2018, by TWP, an independent actuary in association with WTW. The principal actuarial assumptions used by

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PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

the independent actuary for the year ended December 31, 2017 is as follows:

|  | 2017 |
Rate of return on investment |  | 9.50% - 10.25 | %
Discount rate |  | 6.75 | %
Actuarial discount rate of pension fund |  | 9.25% - 9.50 | %
Rate of compensation increases |  | 8.00 | %
Indonesian mortality table |  | 2011 |

b. Unfunded pension plan

The Company sponsors unfunded defined benefit pension plans and a defined contribution pension plan for its employees.

The defined contribution pension plan is provided to employees with permanent status hired on or after July 1, 2002. The plan is managed by Financial Institutions Pension Fund (Dana Pensiun Lembaga Keuangan or “DPLK”). The Company’s contribution to DPLK is determined based on a certain percentage of the participants’ salaries and amounted to Rp9 billion and Rp10 billion for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2017, respectively.

Since 2007, the Company has provided pension benefit based on uniformization for both participants prior to and from April 20, 1992 effective for employees retiring beginning February 1, 2009. In 2010, the Company replaced the uniformization with Manfaat Pensiun Sekaligus (“MPS”). MPS is given to those employees reaching retirement age, upon death or upon becoming disabled starting from February 1, 2009.

The Company also provides benefits to employees during a pre-retirement period in which they are inactive for 6 months prior to their normal retirement age of 56 years, known as pre-retirement benefits (Masa Persiapan Pensiun or “MPP”). During the pre-retirement period, the employees still receive benefits provided to active employees, which include, but are not limited to, regular salary, health care, annual leave, bonus and other benefits. Since 2012, the Company has issued a new requirement for MPP effective for employees retiring since April 1, 2012, whereby the employee is required to file a request for MPP and if the employee does not file the request, such employee is required to work until the retirement date.

The following table presents the changes in the unfunded projected pension benefit obligations for MPS and MPP for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2017:

|  | 2016 |  | 2017
Unfunded projected pension benefit obligations at beginning of year |  | 2,500 |  | 2,507
Charged to profit or loss: |  |  |  |
Service costs |  | 64 |  | 51
Net interest costs |  | 215 |  | 188
Actuarial losses recognized in OCI |  | 119 |  | 100
Benefits paid by employer |  | (391) |  | (462)
Unfunded projected pension benefit obligations at end of year |  | 2,507 |  | 2,384

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PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

The components of total periodic pension benefit cost for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017 are as follows:

|  | 2015 |  | 2016 |  | 2017
Service costs |  | 60 |  | 64 |  | 51
Net interest costs |  | 191 |  | 215 |  | 188
Total periodic pension benefit cost |  | 251 |  | 279 |  | 239

Amounts recognized in OCI are as follow:

|  | 2015 |  | 2016 |  | 2017
Actuarial (gain) losses recognized during the year due to: |  |  |  |  |  |
Experience adjustments |  | (30) |  | (9) |  | 19
Changes in demographic assumptions |  | 50 |  | 30 |  | —
Changes in financial assumptions |  | 167 |  | 98 |  | 81
Net |  | 187 |  | 119 |  | 100

The actuarial valuation for the defined benefit pension plan was performed, based on the measurement date as of December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017, with reports dated February 25, 2016, February 22, 2017 and February 27, 2018, respectively, by TWP, an independent actuary in association with WTW.

The principal actuarial assumptions used by the independent actuary for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017 are as follow:

|  | 2015 |  | 2016 |  | 2017
Discount rate |  | 9.00 | % | 7.75% - 8.00% |  | 6.00% - 6.75%
Rate of compensation increases |  | varies |  | 6.10% - 8.00% |  | 6.10% - 8.00%
Indonesian mortality table |  | 2011 |  | 2011 |  | 2011

ii. Telkomsel

Telkomsel sponsors a defined benefit pension plan to its employees. Under this plan, employees are entitled to pension benefits based on their latest basic salary or take-home pay and the number of years of their service. PT Asuransi Jiwasraya (“Jiwasraya”), a state-owned life insurance company, manages the plan under an annuity insurance contract. Until 2004, the employees contributed 5% of their monthly salaries to the plan and Telkomsel contributed any remaining amount required to fund the plan. Starting 2005, the entire contributions have been fully made by Telkomsel.

Telkomsel’s contributions to Jiwasraya amounted to Rp83 billion and Rp131 billion for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2017, respectively.

The following table presents the changes in projected pension benefit obligation, changes in pension benefit plan assets, funded status of the pension plan and net amount recognized in the

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PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

consolidated statement of financial position for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2017, under Telkomsel’s defined benefit pension plan:

|  | 2016 |  | 2017
Changes in projected pension benefit obligation |  |  |  |
Projected pension benefit obligation at beginning of year |  | 1,415 |  | 2,034
Charged to profit or loss: |  |  |  |
Service costs |  | 107 |  | 149
Net interest costs |  | 130 |  | 167
Actuarial losses recognized in OCI |  | 392 |  | 584
Benefits paid |  | (10) |  | (6)
Projected pension benefit obligation at end of year |  | 2,034 |  | 2,928
Changes in pension benefit plan assets |  |  |  |
Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year |  | 612 |  | 841
Interest income |  | 56 |  | 69
Return on plan assets (excluding amount included in net interest expense) |  | 100 |  | 54
Employer’s contributions |  | 83 |  | 131
Benefits paid |  | (10) |  | (6)
Fair value of plan assets at end of year |  | 841 |  | 1,089
Funded status |  | (1,193) |  | (1,839)
Pension benefit obligation at end of year |  | 1,193 |  | 1,839

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PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

Movements of the pension benefit obligation during the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2017:

|  | 2016 |  | 2017
Pension benefit obligation at beginning of year |  | 803 |  | 1,193
Periodic pension benefit cost |  | 181 |  | 247
Actuarial losses recognized in OCI |  | 392 |  | 584
Return on plan assets (excluding amount included in net interest expense) |  | (100) |  | (54)
Employer’s contributions |  | (83) |  | (131)
Pension benefit obligation at end of year |  | 1,193 |  | 1,839

The components of the periodic pension benefit cost for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017 are as follow:

|  | 2015 |  | 2016 |  | 2017
Service costs |  | 101 |  | 107 |  | 149
Net interest costs |  | 78 |  | 74 |  | 98
Total |  | 179 |  | 181 |  | 247

Amounts recognized in OCI are as follow:

|  | 2015 |  | 2016 |  | 2017
Actuarial (gain) losses recognized during the year due to: |  |  |  |  |  |
Experience adjustments |  | (20) |  | 32 |  | (77)
Changes in financial assumptions |  | (44) |  | 360 |  | 661
Return on plan assets (excluding amount included in net interest expense) |  | 236 |  | (100) |  | (54)
Net |  | 172 |  | 292 |  | 530

The actuarial valuation for the defined benefit pension plan was performed based on the measurement date as of December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017, with reports dated February 12, 2016, February 7, 2017 and February 8, 2018 respectively, by TWP, an independent actuary in association with WTW. The principal actuarial assumptions used by the independent actuary as of December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017, are as follows:

|  | 2015 |  | 2016 |  | 2017 |
Discount rate |  | 9.25 | % | 8.25 | % | 7.00 | %
Rate of compensation increases |  | 8.00 | % | 8.00 | % | 8.00 | %
Indonesian mortality table |  | 2011 |  | 2011 |  | 2011 |

b. Post-employment health care benefit cost

The Company provides post-employment health care benefits to all of its employees hired before November 1, 1995 who have worked for the Company for 20 years or more when they retire, and to their eligible dependents. The requirement to work for 20 years does not apply to employees who retired prior to June 3, 1995. The employees hired by the Company starting from November 1, 1995 are no longer entitled to this plan. The plan is managed by Yayasan Kesehatan Telkom (“Yakes”).

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PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

The defined contribution post-employment health care benefit plan is provided to employees with permanent status hired on or after November 1, 1995 or employees with terms of service less than 20 years at the time of retirement. The Company did not make contribution to the plan for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2017.

The following table presents the changes in projected post-employment health care benefit obligation, changes in post-employment health care benefit plan assets, funded status of the post-employment health care benefit plan and net amount recognized in the Company’s consolidated statement of financial position as of December 31, 2016 and 2017:

|  | 2016 |  | 2017
Changes in projected post-employment health care benefit obligation |  |  |  |
Projected post-employment health care benefit obligation at beginning of year |  | 10,942 |  | 13,357
Charged to profit or loss: |  |  |  |
Service costs |  | 9 |  | —
Interest costs |  | 994 |  | 1,115
Actuarial losses recognized in OCI |  | 1,828 |  | 1,460
Post-employment health care benefits paid |  | (416) |  | (484)
Projected post-employment health care benefit obligation at end of year |  | 13,357 |  | 15,448
Changes in post-employment health care plan assets |  |  |  |
Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year |  | 10,824 |  | 11,765
Interest income |  | 982 |  | 979
Return on plan assets (excluding amount included in net interest expense) |  | 519 |  | 909
Post-employment health care benefits paid |  | (416) |  | (484)
Plan administration costs |  | (144) |  | (140)
Fair value of plan assets at end of year |  | 11,765 |  | 13,029
Funded status |  | (1,592) |  | (2,419)
Projected post-employment health care benefit obligation – net |  | 1,592 |  | 2,419

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PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017, plan assets consist of:

|  | 2016 |  | 2017
|  | Quoted in |  |  |  | Quoted in |  |
|  | active market |  | Unquoted |  | active market |  | Unquoted
Cash and cash equivalents |  | 894 |  | — |  | 1,354 |  | —
Equity instruments: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Manufacturing and consumer |  | 754 |  | — |  | 835 |  | —
Finance industries |  | 540 |  | — |  | 840 |  | —
Construction |  | 351 |  | — |  | 254 |  | —
Infrastructure and telecommunication |  | 245 |  | — |  | 350 |  | —
Wholesale |  | 101 |  | — |  | 137 |  | —
Mining |  | 27 |  | — |  | 65 |  | —
Other Industries: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Services |  | 17 |  | — |  | 38 |  | —
Agriculture |  | 44 |  | — |  | 35 |  | —
Biotechnology and Pharma Industry |  | 6 |  | — |  | 68 |  | —
Others |  | 2 |  | — |  | 1 |  | —
Equity-based mutual funds |  | 1,311 |  | — |  | 1,113 |  | —
Fixed income instruments: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Fixed income mutual funds |  | 7,241 |  | — |  | 7,642 |  | —
Unlisted shares: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Private placement |  | — |  | 232 |  | — |  | 297
Total |  | 11,533 |  | 232 |  | 12,732 |  | 297

Yakes plan assets also include Series B shares issued by the Company with fair value totalling Rp217 billion and Rp265 billion, representing 1.84% and 2.04% of total plan assets as of December 31, 2016 and 2017, respectively.

The expected return is determined based on market expectation for the returns over the entire life of the obligation by considering the portfolio mix of the plan assets. The actual return on plan assets was Rp1,357 billion and Rp1,748 billion for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2017, respectively.

The movements of the projected post-employment health care benefit obligation for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2017 are as follow:

|  | 2016 |  | 2017
Projected post-employment health care benefit obligation at beginning of year |  | 118 |  | 1,592
Net periodic post-employment health care benefit costs |  | 165 |  | 276
Actuarial losses recognized in OCI |  | 1,828 |  | 1,460
Return on plan assets (excluding amount included in net interest expense) |  | (519) |  | (909)
Projected post-employment health care benefit obligation at end of year |  | 1,592 |  | 2,419

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PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

The components of net periodic post-employment health care benefit cost for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2016, and 2017 are as follow:

|  | 2015 |  | 2016 |  | 2017
Service costs |  | 49 |  | 9 |  | —
Plan administration costs |  | 131 |  | 144 |  | 140
Net interest costs |  | 37 |  | 12 |  | 136
Periodic post-employment health care benefit cost |  | 217 |  | 165 |  | 276
Amounts charged to subsidiaries under contractual agreements |  | (1) |  | (2) |  | —
Net periodic post-employment health care benefit cost less cost charged to subsidiaries |  | 216 |  | 163 |  | 276

Amounts recognized in OCI are as follow:

|  | 2015 |  | 2016 |  | 2017
Actuarial (gain) losses recognized during the year due to: |  |  |  |  |  |
Experience adjustments |  | (53) |  | 26 |  | (1,198)
Changes in demographic assumptions |  | 92 |  | 66 |  | —
Changes in financial assumptions |  | (1,226) |  | 1,736 |  | 2,658
Return on plan assets (excluding amount included in net interest expense) |  | 647 |  | (519) |  | (909)
Net |  | (540) |  | 1,309 |  | 551

The actuarial valuation for the post-employment health care benefits plan was performed based on the measurement date as of December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017, with reports dated February 25, 2016, February 22, 2017 and February 27, 2018, respectively, by TWP, an independent actuary in association with WTW. The principal actuarial assumptions used by the independent actuary as of December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017 are as follow:

|  | 2015 |  | 2016 |  | 2017 |
Discount rate |  | 9.25 | % | 8.50 | % | 7.25 | %
Health care costs trend rate assumed for next year |  | 7.00 | % | 7.00 | % | 7.00 | %
Ultimate health care costs trend rate |  | 7.00 | % | 7.00 | % | 7.00 | %
Year that the rate reaches the ultimate trend rate |  | 2016 |  | 2017 |  | 2018 |
Indonesian mortality table |  | 2011 |  | 2011 |  | 2011 |

c. Other post-employment benefits cost

The Company provides other post-employment benefits in the form of cash paid to employees on their retirement or termination. These benefits consist of final housing allowance (Biaya Fasilitas Perumahan Terakhir or “BFPT”) and home passage leave (Biaya Perjalanan Pensiun dan Purnabhakti or “BPP”).

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PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

The movements of the unfunded projected other post-employment benefit obligations for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2017 are as follow:

|  | 2016 |  | 2017
Projected other post-employment benefit obligations at beginning of year |  | 497 |  | 502
Charged to profit or loss: |  |  |  |
Service costs |  | 7 |  | 6
Net interest costs |  | 41 |  | 36
Actuarial losses recognized in OCI |  | 20 |  | 40
Benefits paid by employer |  | (63) |  | (74)
Projected other post-employment benefit obligations at the end of year |  | 502 |  | 510

The components of the projected other post-employment benefit cost for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017 are as follow:

|  | 2015 |  | 2016 |  | 2017
Service costs |  | 8 |  | 7 |  | 6
Net interest costs |  | 39 |  | 41 |  | 36
Total |  | 47 |  | 48 |  | 42

Amounts recognized in OCI are as follow:

|  | 2015 |  | 2016 |  | 2017
Actuarial (gain) losses recognized during the year due to: |  |  |  |  |  |
Experience adjustments |  | 20 |  | 2 |  | 10
Changes in demographic assumptions |  | (0) |  | 0 |  | —
Changes in financial assumptions |  | (9) |  | 18 |  | 30
Net |  | 11 |  | 20 |  | 40

The actuarial valuation for the other post-employment benefits plan was performed based on measurement date as of December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017, with reports dated February 25, 2016, February 22, 2017 and February 27, 2018 respectively, by TWP, an independent actuary in association with WTW. The principal actuarial assumptions used by the independent actuary as of December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017, are as follow:

|  | 2015 |  | 2016 |  | 2017 |
Discount rate |  | 9.00 | % | 7.75 | % | 5.75 | %
Indonesian mortality table |  | 2011 |  | 2011 |  | 2011 |

d. Obligation under the Labor Law

Under Law No. 13 Year 2003, the Group is required to provide minimum pension benefits, if not covered yet by the sponsored pension plans, to its employees upon retirement. Total obligation recognized as of December 31, 2016 and 2017 amounted to Rp332 billion and Rp427 billion, respectively. The related employee benefits cost charged to expense amounted to Rp53 billion, Rp82 billion and Rp62 billion for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017, respectively (Note 25).

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PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

The actuarial losses recognized in OCI amounted to Rp48 billion, Rp33 billion and Rp72 billion for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017, respectively.

e. Maturity Profile of Defined Benefit Obligation (“DBO”)

The timing of benefits payments and weighted average duration of DBO for 2017 are as follow:

|  | Expected Benefits Payment
|  | The Company |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | Funded |  |  |  |  |  | Post-employment |  | Other post-
|  | Defined pension | Additional pension |  |  |  |  |  | health care |  | employment
Time Period |  | benefit obligation | benefit obligation |  | Unfunded |  | Telkomsel |  | benefits |  | benefits
Within next 10 years |  | 17,864 | 602 |  | 2,614 |  | 2,450 |  | 6,579 |  | 539
Within 10-20 years |  | 21,667 | 937 |  | 261 |  | 7,997 |  | 9,995 |  | 124
Within 20-30 years |  | 18,911 | 628 |  | 42 |  | 6,763 |  | 9,692 |  | 45
Within 30-40 years |  | 12,971 | 72 |  | 10 |  | 1,509 |  | 3,710 |  | 2
Within 40-50 years |  | 2,917 | 22 |  | — |  | — |  | 343 |  | —
Within 50-60 years |  | 182 | 17 |  | — |  | — |  | 440 |  | —
Within 60-70 years |  | 6 | — |  | — |  | — |  | 7 |  | —
Within 70-80 years |  | 0 | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | —
Weighted average duration of DBO |  |  | 9.52 years |  | 4.4 years |  | 11.77 years |  | 17.64 years |  | 3.62 years

f. Sensitivity Analysis

1% change in discount rate and rate of compensation would have effect on DBO, as follows:

|  | Discount Rate |  | Rate of Compensation
|  | 1% Increase |  | 1% Decrease |  | 1% Increase |  | 1% Decrease
Sensitivity |  | Increase (decrease) in amounts |  | Increase (decrease) in amounts
Funded |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Defined pension benefit obligation |  | (2,028) |  | 2,409 |  | 397 |  | (413)
Additional pension benefit obligation |  | (72) |  | 83 |  | N/A |  | N/A
Unfunded |  | (60) |  | 64 |  | 63 |  | (63)
Telkomsel |  | (290) |  | 331 |  | 170 |  | (159)
Post-employment health care benefits |  | (2,197) |  | 2,965 |  | 1,356 |  | (1,150)
Other post-employment benefits |  | (17) |  | 18 |  | — |  | —

The sensitivity analysis has been determined based on a method that extrapolates the impact on DBO as a result of reasonable changes in key assumptions occurring at the end of the reporting period.

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PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

The sensitivity results above determine the individual impact on the Plan’s DBO at the end of the year. In reality, the Plan is subject to multiple external experience items which may move the DBO in similar or opposite directions, and the Plan’s sensitivity to such changes can vary over time.

There are no changes in the methods and assumptions used in preparing the sensitivity analysis from the previous period.

30. LSA PROVISIONS

Telkomsel and Patrakom provide certain cash awards or certain number of days leave benefits to their employees based on the employees’ length of service requirements, including LSA and LSL. LSA are either paid at the time the employees reach certain years of employment, or at the time of termination. LSL are either certain number of days leave benefit or cash, subject to approval by management, provided to employees who meet the requisite number of years of service and reach a certain minimum age.

The obligation with respect to these awards which was determined based on an actuarial valuation using the Projected Unit Credit method, amounted to Rp613 billion and Rp758 billion as of December 31, 2016 and 2017, respectively. The related benefit costs charged to expense amounted to Rp152 billion, Rp237 billion and Rp255 billion for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017, respectively (Note 25).

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PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

31. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

a. Nature of relationships and accounts/transactions with related parties

Details of the nature of relationships and accounts/transactions with significant related parties are as follows:

Related parties |  | Nature of relationships with related parties |  | Nature of accounts/transactions |
The Government-Ministry of Finance |  | Majority stockholder |  | Internet and data service revenues, other telecommunication service revenues, operation and maintenance expense, finance income, finance costs and investment in financial instruments |
Government agencies |  | Entities under common control |  | Network service revenues, internet and data service revenues and other telecommunication revenues |
MoCI |  | Entity under common control |  | Concession fees, radio frequency usage charges, USO charges, telecommunication service revenues and operation and maintenance expenses |
Indosat |  | Entity under common control |  | Interconnection revenues, network service revenues, interconnection expenses, leased line expenses, operation and maintenance expenses |
PT Aplikanusa Lintasarta (“Lintasarta”) |  | Entity under common control |  | Network service revenues, leased lines expenses, and usage of communication network system expenses |
PT Perusahaan Listrik Negara (Persero) (“PLN”) |  | Entity under common control |  | Electricity expenses, finance income, finance costs and investment in financial instrument |
PT Pertamina (Persero) (“Pertamina”) |  | Entity under common control |  | Internet and data service revenues, other telecommunication service revenues |
PT Pegadaian (Persero) (“Pegadaian”) |  | Entity under common control |  | Internet and data service revenues, other telecommunication service revenues |
PT Garuda Indonesia (Persero) Tbk ("Garuda") |  | Entity under common control |  | Internet and data service revenues, other telecommunication service revenues |
PT Indonesia Comnet Plus (“ICON Plus”) |  | Entity under common control |  | Internet and data service revenues, other telecommunication service revenues, network service revenue, interconnection revenues, and interconnection expenses |
Badan Penyelenggara Jaminan Sosial (“BPJS”) |  | Entity under common control |  | Internet and data service revenues, other telecommunication service revenues and insurance expenses |

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PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

Related parties |  | Nature of relationships with related parties |  | Nature of accounts/transactions |
PT Asuransi Jasa Indonesia (Persero) (“Jasindo”) |  | Entity under common control |  | Satellite insurance expenses and vehicle insurance expenses |
INTI |  | Entity under common control |  | Purchase of property and equipment and construction service |
LEN |  | Entity under common control |  | Purchase of property and equipment and construction service |
State-owned banks |  | Entities under common control |  | Finance income and finance costs |
BNI |  | Entity under common control |  | Internet and data service revenues, other telecommunication service revenues, finance income and finance costs |
Bank Mandiri |  | Entity under common control |  | Internet and data service revenues, other telecommunication service revenues, finance income and finance costs |
BRI |  | Entity under common control |  | Internet and data service revenues, other telecommunication service revenues, finance income and finance costs |
PT Mandiri Manajemen Investasi |  | Entity under common control |  | Available-for-sale financial assets |
BJB |  | Entity under common control |  | Time deposits |
BTN |  | Entity under common control |  | Internet and data service revenues, other telecommunication service revenues, finance income and finance costs |
Bahana TCW |  | Entity under common control |  | Available-for-sale financial assets, bonds and notes |
PT Pos Indonesia (Persero) (“Pos Indonesia”) |  | Entity under common control |  | Internet and data service revenues, and other telecommunication revenues |
PT Semen Indonesia (Persero) Tbk (“Semen Indonesia”) |  | Entity under common control |  | Internet and data service revenues, and other telecommunication revenues |
PT Pelabuhan Indonesia (Persero) (“Pelindo”) |  | Entity under common control |  | Internet and data service revenues, and other telecommunication revenues |
PT Kimia Farma (Persero) Tbk (“Kimia Farma”) |  | Entity under common control |  | Internet and data service revenues, and other telecommunication revenues |
PT Asuransi Jiwasraya (“Jiwasraya”) |  | Entity under common control |  | Internet and data service revenues, and other telecommunication revenues |
PT Sarana Multi Infrastruktur (“SMI”) |  | Entity under common control |  | Finance costs |
Indonusa |  | Associated company |  | Network service revenues and data communication expenses |
ILCS |  | Associated company |  | CPE expenses and operation and maintenance expenses |
Teltranet |  | Associated company |  | Network service revenue, leased line and CPE expenses and operation and maintenance expenses |
Tiphone |  | Associated company |  | Distribution of SIM cards and pulse reload voucher |
Koperasi Pegawai Telkom (“Kopegtel”) |  | Other related entity |  | Installation services, leases of buildings expenses, lease of vehicles expenses, purchases of vehicles, and purchases of property and equipment and construction service, maintenance and cleaning service expenses, and Revenue Sharing Agreement (“RSA”) revenues |
Yakes |  | Other related entity |  | Medical expenses, internet and data service revenues and e-health revenues |
PT Poin Multi Media Nusantara (“POIN”) |  | Other related entity |  | Cost of sales of handset |
PT Perdana Mulia Makmur (“PMM”) |  | Other related entity |  | Cost of sales of handset |
PT Sandhy Putra Makmur (“SPM”) |  | Other related entity |  | Leases of buildings expenses, leases of vehicles expenses, purchase of property and equipment and construction services, utilities of maintenance and cleaning services |

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PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

Related parties |  | Nature of relationships with related parties |  | Nature of accounts/transactions |
Koperasi Pegawai Telkomsel (“Kisel”) |  | Other related entity |  | Internet and data service revenues, other telecommunication service revenues, leases of vehicles expenses, printing and distribution of customer bills expenses, collection fee, other services fee, distribution of SIM cards, and pulse reload voucher and purchase of property and equipment |
PT Graha Informatika Nusantara (“Gratika”) |  | Other related entity |  | Network service revenues, operation and maintenance expenses, purchase of property and equipment and construction services and distribution of SIM card and pulse reload voucher |
PT Pembangunan Telekomunikasi Indonesia (“Bangtelindo”) |  | Other related entity |  | Purchase of property and equipment and construction services |
PT Sarana Janesia Utama |  | Other related entity |  | Insurance expenses and professional fees |
Directors |  | Key management personnel |  | Honorarium and facilities |
Commissioners |  | Supervisory personnel |  | Honorarium and facilities |

The outstanding balances of trade receivables and payables at year-end are unsecured and interest free and settlement occurs in cash. There have been no guarantees provided or received for any related party receivables or payables. In 2017, the Group recorded impairment of receivables from related parties of Rp394 billion. Impairment assessment is undertaken each financial year through examining the current status of existing receivables and historical collection experience.

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PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

b. Transactions with related parties

The following are significant transactions with related parties:

|  | 2015 |  | 2016 |  | 2017
|  |  |  | % of total |  |  |  | % of total |  |  |  | % of total
|  | Amount |  | revenues |  | Amount |  | revenues |  | Amount |  | revenues
REVENUES |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Majority Stockholder |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Ministry of Finance |  | 206 |  | 0.20 |  | 207 |  | 0.18 |  | 280 |  | 0.22
Entities under common control |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Government agencies |  | 1,650 |  | 1.61 |  | 2,279 |  | 1.96 |  | 2,568 |  | 2.00
Indosat |  | 1,020 |  | 1.00 |  | 2,167 |  | 1.86 |  | 1,789 |  | 1.39
BRI |  | 188 |  | 0.18 |  | 181 |  | 0.16 |  | 237 |  | 0.18
Bank Mandiri |  | 151 |  | 0.15 |  | 161 |  | 0.14 |  | 157 |  | 0.12
BTN |  | 41 |  | 0.04 |  | 107 |  | 0.09 |  | 129 |  | 0.10
Pegadaian |  | 89 |  | 0.09 |  | 93 |  | 0.08 |  | 115 |  | 0.09
BNI |  | 126 |  | 0.12 |  | 136 |  | 0.12 |  | 105 |  | 0.08
Lintasarta |  | 82 |  | 0.08 |  | 99 |  | 0.09 |  | 97 |  | 0.08
Pertamina |  | 99 |  | 0.10 |  | 64 |  | 0.06 |  | 94 |  | 0.07
ICON Plus |  | 63 |  | 0.06 |  | 56 |  | 0.05 |  | 62 |  | 0.05
Garuda |  | 77 |  | 0.08 |  | 75 |  | 0.06 |  | 55 |  | 0.04
Pos Indonesia |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 47 |  | 0.04
Pelindo |  | 17 |  | 0.02 |  | — |  | — |  | 40 |  | 0.03
Kimia Farma |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 36 |  | 0.03
Jiwasraya |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 35 |  | 0.03
Semen Indonesia |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 34 |  | 0.03
Others |  | 422 |  | 0.41 |  | 806 |  | 0.70 |  | 387 |  | 0.29
Sub-total |  | 4,025 |  | 3.94 |  | 6,224 |  | 5.37 |  | 5,987 |  | 4.65
Associated companies |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Indonusa |  | 60 |  | 0.06 |  | 105 |  | 0.09 |  | 112 |  | 0.09
Teltranet |  | — |  | — |  | 23 |  | 0.02 |  | 46 |  | 0.04
Others |  | 43 |  | 0.04 |  | 70 |  | 0.06 |  | 20 |  | 0.02
Sub-total |  | 103 |  | 0.10 |  | 198 |  | 0.17 |  | 178 |  | 0.15
Other related entities |  | 58 |  | 0.06 |  | 253 |  | 0.22 |  | 315 |  | 0.25
Total |  | 4,392 |  | 4.30 |  | 6,882 |  | 5.94 |  | 6,760 |  | 5.27

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PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

|  | 2015 |  | 2016 |  | 2017
|  |  |  | % of total |  |  |  | % of total |  |  |  | % of total
|  | Amount |  | expenses |  | Amount |  | expenses |  | Amount |  | expenses
EXPENSES |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Majority Stockholder |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Ministry of Finance |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 12 |  | 0.01
Entities under common control |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
MoCI |  | 5,862 |  | 8.42 |  | 5,911 |  | 7.84 |  | 6,533 |  | 7.77
PLN |  | 738 |  | 1.06 |  | 1,037 |  | 1.38 |  | 2,269 |  | 2.70
Indosat |  | 978 |  | 1.40 |  | 939 |  | 1.25 |  | 890 |  | 1.06
Jasindo |  | 256 |  | 0.37 |  | 267 |  | 0.35 |  | 168 |  | 0.20
BPJS |  | 33 |  | 0.05 |  | — |  | — |  | 49 |  | 0.06
Others |  | 32 |  | 0.05 |  | 128 |  | 0.16 |  | 65 |  | 0.08
Sub-total |  | 7,899 |  | 11.35 |  | 8,282 |  | 10.98 |  | 9,974 |  | 11.87
Associated companies |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Indonusa |  | — |  | — |  | 145 |  | 0.19 |  | 264 |  | 0.31
Teltranet |  | — |  | — |  | 49 |  | 0.06 |  | 123 |  | 0.15
ILCS |  | — |  | — |  | 4 |  | 0.01 |  | 34 |  | 0.04
Others |  | 9 |  | 0.01 |  | 34 |  | 0.04 |  | 0 |  | 0
Sub-total |  | 9 |  | 0.01 |  | 232 |  | 0.30 |  | 421 |  | 0.50
Other related entities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Kisel |  | 748 |  | 1.07 |  | 771 |  | 1.02 |  | 813 |  | 0.97
Kopegtel |  | 460 |  | 0.66 |  | 533 |  | 0.71 |  | 713 |  | 0.85
POIN |  | 1,485 |  | 2.13 |  | 1,459 |  | 1.94 |  | 405 |  | 0.48
PMM |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 404 |  | 0.48
Yakes |  | 174 |  | 0.25 |  | 192 |  | 0.25 |  | 139 |  | 0.17
Others |  | 30 |  | 0.05 |  | 188 |  | 0.25 |  | 83 |  | 0.10
Sub-total |  | 2,897 |  | 4.16 |  | 3,143 |  | 4.17 |  | 2,557 |  | 3.05
Total |  | 10,805 |  | 15.52 |  | 11,657 |  | 15.45 |  | 12,964 |  | 15.43

|  | 2015 |  | 2016 |  | 2017
|  |  |  | % of total |  |  |  | % of total |  |  |  | % of total
|  | Amount |  | finance income |  | Amount |  | finance income |  | Amount |  | finance income
FINANCE INCOME |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Majority stockholder |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Ministry of Finance |  | 9 |  | 0.64 |  | 2 |  | 0.12 |  | 0 |  | 0.00
Entities under common control |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
State-owned banks |  | 830 |  | 58.99 |  | 895 |  | 52.16 |  | 863 |  | 60.18
Government agencies |  | 11 |  | 0.78 |  | 34 |  | 1.98 |  | 34 |  | 2.37
Others |  | 6 |  | 0.43 |  | 5 |  | 0.29 |  | 35 |  | 2.44
Total |  | 856 |  | 60.84 |  | 936 |  | 54.55 |  | 932 |  | 64.99

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PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

|  | 2015 |  | 2016 |  | 2017
|  |  |  | % of total |  |  |  | % of total |  |  |  | % of total
|  | Amount |  | finance costs |  | Amount |  | finance costs |  | Amount |  | finance costs
FINANCE COSTS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Majority stockholder |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Ministry of Finance |  | 76 |  | 3.06 |  | 64 |  | 2.28 |  | 54 |  | 1.95
Entities under common control |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
State-owned banks |  | 1,061 |  | 42.77 |  | 1,228 |  | 43.70 |  | 820 |  | 29.61
SMI |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 94 |  | 3.39
Total |  | 1,137 |  | 45.83 |  | 1,292 |  | 45.98 |  | 968 |  | 34.95

|  | 2015 |  | 2016 |  | 2017
|  |  |  | % of total |  |  |  | % of total |  |  |  | % of total
|  | Amount |  | revenues |  | Amount |  | revenue |  | Amount |  | revenues
DISTRIBUTION OF SIM CARD AND PULSE RELOAD VOUCHER |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Other related entities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Kisel |  | 3,866 |  | 3.77 |  | 4,600 |  | 3.95 |  | 4,181 |  | 3.26
Tiphone |  | — |  | — |  | 3,441 |  | 2.96 |  | 3,888 |  | 3.03
Gratika |  | 384 |  | 0.37 |  | 408 |  | 0.35 |  | 408 |  | 0.32
Total |  | 4,250 |  | 4.14 |  | 8,449 |  | 7.26 |  | 8,477 |  | 6.61

|  | 2016 |  | 2017
|  |  |  | % of total |  |  |  | % of total
|  | Amount |  | property and equipment purchased |  | Amount |  | property and equipment purchased
PURCHASE OF PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENTS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Entities under common control |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
INTI |  | 374 |  | 1.28 |  | 203 |  | 0.61
LEN |  | 114 |  | 0.39 |  | 67 |  | 0.20
Others |  | 39 |  | 0.13 |  | 31 |  | 0.09
Sub-total |  | 527 |  | 1.80 |  | 301 |  | 0.90
Other related entities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Kopegtel |  | 198 |  | 0.68 |  | 130 |  | 0.39
Kisel |  | 66 |  | 0.23 |  | 73 |  | 0.22
Bangtelindo |  | 84 |  | 0.29 |  | 64 |  | 0.19
SPM |  | 73 |  | 0.25 |  | 57 |  | 0.17
Others |  | 45 |  | 0.16 |  | 58 |  | 0.18
Sub-total |  | 466 |  | 1.61 |  | 382 |  | 1.15
Total |  | 993 |  | 3.41 |  | 683 |  | 2.05

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PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

Presented below are balances of accounts with related parties:

|  | 2016 |  | 2017
|  |  |  | % of total |  |  |  | % of total
|  | Amount |  | assets |  | Amount |  | assets
a. Cash and cash equivalents (Note 4) |  | 19,531 |  | 10.89 |  | 19,236 |  | 9.71
b. Other current financial assets (Note 5) |  | 1,221 |  | 0.68 |  | 1,170 |  | 0.59
c. Trade receivables - net (Note 6) |  | 1,488 |  | 0.83 |  | 1,864 |  | 0.94
d. Other current assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Entities under common control |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
MoCI |  | 3,056 |  | 1.70 |  | 3,485 |  | 1.76
Jasindo |  | 22 |  | 0.01 |  | 45 |  | 0.02
Others |  | 19 |  | 0.01 |  | 15 |  | 0.01
Sub-total |  | 3,097 |  | 1.72 |  | 3,545 |  | 1.79
Other related entities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Kisel |  | 52 |  | 0.03 |  | 68 |  | 0.03
Sub-total |  | 52 |  | 0.03 |  | 68 |  | 0.03
Total |  | 3,149 |  | 1.75 |  | 3,613 |  | 1.82
e. Other non-current assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Entities under common control |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
MoCI |  | 320 |  | 0.18 |  | 2,019 |  | 1.02
Others |  | 291 |  | 0.16 |  | 33 |  | 0.02
Sub-total |  | 611 |  | 0.34 |  | 2,052 |  | 1.04
Other related entities |  | 22 |  | 0.01 |  | 25 |  | 0.01
Total |  | 633 |  | 0.35 |  | 2,077 |  | 1.05

|  | 2016 |  | 2017
|  |  |  | % of total |  |  |  | % of total
|  | Amount |  | liabilities |  | Amount |  | liabilities
f. Trade payables (Note 13) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Majority stockholder |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Ministry of Finance |  | — |  | — |  | 29 |  | 0.03
Entities under common control |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
MoCI |  | 1,288 |  | 1.74 |  | 1,561 |  | 1.81
Indosat |  | 275 |  | 0.37 |  | 225 |  | 0.26
Others |  | 910 |  | 1.22 |  | 108 |  | 0.12
Sub-total |  | 2,473 |  | 3.33 |  | 1,894 |  | 2.19
Other related entities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Kopegtel |  | 170 |  | 0.23 |  | 206 |  | 0.24
Yakes |  | 47 |  | 0.06 |  | 55 |  | 0.06
Kisel |  | 18 |  | 0.02 |  | 53 |  | 0.06
Bangtelindo |  | 26 |  | 0.04 |  | 36 |  | 0.04
SPM |  | 26 |  | 0.04 |  | 36 |  | 0.04
Others |  | 81 |  | 0.11 |  | 104 |  | 0.12
Sub-total |  | 368 |  | 0.50 |  | 490 |  | 0.56
Associated companies |  | 1 |  | 0.00 |  | 47 |  | 0.05
Total |  | 2,842 |  | 3.83 |  | 2,460 |  | 2.83

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PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

|  | 2016 |  | 2017
|  |  |  | % of total |  |  |  | % of total
|  | Amount |  | liabilities |  | Amount |  | liabilities
g. Accrued expenses |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Majority stockholder |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Ministry of Finance |  | 12 |  | 0.02 |  | 9 |  | 0.01
Entities under common control |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
PLN |  | 124 |  | 0.17 |  | 113 |  | 0.13
State-owned banks |  | 52 |  | 0.07 |  | 22 |  | 0.03
Others |  | 10 |  | 0.01 |  | 16 |  | 0.02
Sub-total |  | 186 |  | 0.25 |  | 151 |  | 0.18
Other related entities |  | 123 |  | 0.17 |  | 235 |  | 0.27
Total |  | 321 |  | 0.44 |  | 395 |  | 0.46
h. Advances from customers |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Majority stockholder |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Ministry of Finance |  | 19 |  | 0.03 |  | 19 |  | 0.02
Entity under common control |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
PLN |  | 12 |  | 0.02 |  | 11 |  | 0.01
Total |  | 31 |  | 0.05 |  | 30 |  | 0.03
i. Short-term bank loans (Note 16) |  | 143 |  | 0.19 |  | 1,297 |  | 1.50
j. Two-step loans (Note 17a) |  | 1,292 |  | 1.74 |  | 1,098 |  | 1.27
k. Long-term bank loans (Note 17c) |  | 6,325 |  | 8.54 |  | 7,895 |  | 9.14
l. Other borrowings (Note 17d) |  | 697 |  | 0.94 |  | 1,295 |  | 1.50

c. Significant agreements with related parties

i. The Government

The Company obtained two-step loans from the Government (Note 17a).

ii. Indosat

The Company has an agreement with Indosat to provide international telecommunications services to the public.

The Company has also entered into an interconnection agreement between the Company’s fixed line network (Public Switched Telephone Network or “PSTN”) and Indosat’s Global System for Mobile ("GSM”) cellular telecommunications network in connection with the implementation of Indosat Multimedia Mobile services and the settlement of related interconnection rights and obligations.

The Company also has an agreement with Indosat for the interconnection of Indosat’s GSM mobile cellular telecommunications network with the Company’s PSTN, which enable each party’s customers to make domestic calls between Indosat’s GSM mobile network and the Company’s fixed line network, as well as allowing Indosat’s mobile customers to access the Company’s IDD service by dialing “007”.

The Company has been handling customer billings and collections for Indosat. Indosat is gradually taking over the activities and performing its own direct billing and collection. The Company has

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PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

received compensation from Indosat computed at 1% of the collections made by the Company starting from January 1, 1995, as well as the billing process expenses which are fixed at a certain amount per record. On December 11, 2008, the Company and Indosat agreed to implement IDD service charge tariff which already took into account the compensation for billing and collection. The agreement is valid and effective starting from January to December 2012, and can be applied until a new agreement becomes available.

On December 28, 2006, the Company and Indosat signed amendments to the interconnection agreements for the fixed line networks (local, SLJJ and international) and mobile network for the implementation of the cost-based tariff obligations under the MoCI Regulation No.8/Year 2006. These amendments took effect starting on January 1, 2007.

Telkomsel also entered into an agreement with Indosat for the provision of international telecommunications services to its GSM mobile cellular customers.

The Company provides leased lines to Indosat and its subsidiaries, namely PT Indosat Mega Media and Lintasarta. The leased lines can be used by these companies for telephone, telegraph, data, telex, facsimile or other telecommunication services.

iii. Others

The Company has entered into agreements with CSM and Gratika for the utilization of the Company’s satellite transponders or frequency channels of communication satellite and leased lines.

Kisel is a co-operative that was established by Telkomsel’s employees to engage in car rental services, printing and distribution of customer bills, collection and other services principally for the benefit of Telkomsel. Telkomsel also has dealership agreements with Kisel for distribution of SIM cards and pulse reload vouchers.

d. Remuneration of key management and supervisory personnel

Key management personnel consists of the Directors of the Company and supervisory personnel consists of Board of Commissioners.

The Company provides remuneration in the form of salaries/honorarium and facilities to support the governance and oversight duties of the Board of Commissioners and the leadership and management duties of the Board of Directors. The total of such remuneration is as follows:

|  | 2015 |  | 2016 |  | 2017 |
|  |  |  | % of total |  |  |  | % of total |  |  |  | % of total |
|  | Amount |  | expenses |  | Amount |  | expenses |  | Amount |  | expenses |
Board of Directors |  | 168 |  | 0.24 | % | 427 |  | 0.57 | % | 175 |  | 0.21 | %
Board of Commissioners |  | 64 |  | 0.09 | % | 121 |  | 0.16 | % | 65 |  | 0.08 | %

The amounts disclosed in the table are the amounts recognized as an expense during the reporting periods.

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PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

32. OPERATING SEGMENT

In 2017, management rearranged the Group's business portfolios from a customer-centric approach to a Customer Facing Unit ("CFU") approach that allow the Group to focus on more specific customer markets. This was followed by a change in the Group's organizational structure to accommodate decision making and assessing performance based on the CFU approach. The change in the way of managing the Company's business portfolios and the change in the Company's organizational structure led the Board of Directors, as the Company's CODM, to change the presentation of the Group's segment information previously presented in the consolidated financial statements for the years ended December 31, 2016. Accordingly, the segment financial information in the consolidated financial statements for the years ended December 31, 2015 and December 31, 2016 were restated to conform with the presentation of segment information in the consolidated financial statements for the years ended December 31, 2017.

The Group has four primary reportable segments, namely mobile, consumer, enterprise, and WIB. The mobile segment provides mobile voice, SMS, value added services and mobile broadband. The consumer segment provides fixed wireline telecommunications services, pay TV, data, internet and other telecommunication services to home customers. The enterprise segment provides end-to-end solution to corporate and institutions. The WIB segment provides interconnection services, leased lines, satellite, VSAT, broadband access, information technology services, data and internet services to Other Licensed Operator companies and institutions. Other segment represents Digital Service Operating Segment that does not meet the disclosure requirements for a reportable segment. No Operating Segments have been aggregated to form the reportable segments.

Management monitors the operating results of the business units separately for the purpose of making decisions about resource allocation and performance assessment. Segment performance is evaluated based on operating profit or loss and is measured on the basis of Indonesian Financial Accounting Standards which differ from IFRS primarily in the accounting for land rights. However, the financing activities and income taxes are managed on a group basis and not separately monitored and allocated to operating segments.

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PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

Segment revenues and expenses include transactions between operating segments and are accounted at prices that management believes represent market prices.

|  | 2015
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Total |  | Adjustments & |  | Total
|  | Mobile |  | Consumer |  | Enterprise |  | WIB |  | Others |  | Segment |  | eliminations |  | consolidated
Segment results |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Revenues |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
External revenues |  | 71,203 |  | 8,936 |  | 16,818 |  | 5,603 |  | 122 |  | 102,682 |  | (212) |  | 102,470
Inter-segment revenues |  | 4,847 |  | 2,319 |  | 4,276 |  | 11,270 |  | — |  | 22,712 |  | (22,712) |  | —
Total segment revenues |  | 76,050 |  | 11,255 |  | 21,094 |  | 16,873 |  | 122 |  | 125,394 |  | (22,924) |  | 102,470
Expenses |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
External expenses |  | (36,461) |  | (9,988) |  | (14,398) |  | (8,957) |  | (243) |  | (70,047) |  | (54) |  | (70,101)
Inter-segment expenses |  | (10,483) |  | (2,910) |  | (4,633) |  | (4,991) |  | (0) |  | (23,017) |  | 23,017 |  | —
Total segment expenses |  | (46,944) |  | (12,898) |  | (19,031) |  | (13,948) |  | (243) |  | (93,064) |  | 22,963 |  | (70,101)
Segment results |  | 29,106 |  | (1,643) |  | 2,063 |  | 2,925 |  | (121) |  | 32,330 |  | 39 |  | 32,369
Other information |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Capital expenditures |  | (11,564) |  | (7,604) |  | (3,061) |  | (3,982) |  | — |  | (26,211) |  | (190) |  | (26,401)
Depreciation and amortization |  | (12,978) |  | (2,500) |  | (1,296) |  | (1,893) |  | (13) |  | (18,680) |  | 108 |  | (18,572)
Provision recognized in current period |  | (136) |  | (226) |  | (611) |  | (33) |  | — |  | (1,006) |  | (4) |  | (1,010)

|  | 2016
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Total |  | Adjustments & |  | Total
|  | Mobile |  | Consumer |  | Enterprise |  | WIB |  | Others |  | Segment |  | eliminations |  | consolidated
Segment results |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Revenues |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
External revenues |  | 83,998 |  | 10,410 |  | 15,816 |  | 5,866 |  | 19 |  | 116,109 |  | 224 |  | 116,333
Inter-segment revenues |  | 2,724 |  | 1,877 |  | 12,877 |  | 14,451 |  | 209 |  | 32,138 |  | (32,138) |  | —
Total segment revenues |  | 86,722 |  | 12,287 |  | 28,693 |  | 20,317 |  | 228 |  | 148,247 |  | (31,914) |  | 116,333
Expenses |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
External expenses |  | (37,814) |  | (11,024) |  | (17,813) |  | (10,451) |  | (417) |  | (77,519) |  | 358 |  | (77,161)
Inter-segment expenses |  | (12,547) |  | (2,793) |  | (9,647) |  | (4,805) |  | (12) |  | (29,804) |  | 29,804 |  | —
Total segment expenses |  | (50,361) |  | (13,817) |  | (27,460) |  | (15,256) |  | (429) |  | (107,323) |  | 30,162 |  | (77,161)
Segment results |  | 36,361 |  | (1,530) |  | 1,233 |  | 5,061 |  | (201) |  | 40,924 |  | (1,752) |  | 39,172
Other information |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Capital expenditures |  | (12,568) |  | (7,085) |  | (3,036) |  | (5,729) |  | (1) |  | (28,419) |  | (780) |  | (29,199)
Depreciation and amortization |  | (12,808) |  | (2,881) |  | (1,386) |  | (1,715) |  | (19) |  | (18,809) |  | 253 |  | (18,556)
Provision recognized in current period |  | (221) |  | (392) |  | 119 |  | (238) |  | (1) |  | (733) |  | (10) |  | (743)

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PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

|  | 2017
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Total |  | Adjustments & |  | Total
|  | Mobile |  | Consumer |  | Enterprise |  | WIB |  | Others |  | Segment |  | eliminations |  | consolidated
Segment results |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Revenues |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
External revenues |  | 90,073 |  | 11,105 |  | 19,130 |  | 7,439 |  | 126 |  | 127,873 |  | 383 |  | 128,256
Inter-segment revenues |  | 3,086 |  | 287 |  | 16,801 |  | 15,305 |  | 602 |  | 36,081 |  | (36,081) |  | —
Total segment revenues |  | 93,159 |  | 11,392 |  | 35,931 |  | 22,744 |  | 728 |  | 163,954 |  | (35,698) |  | 128,256
Expenses |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
External expenses |  | (39,452) |  | (10,360) |  | (20,627) |  | (12,333) |  | (979) |  | (83,751) |  | (603) |  | (84,354)
Inter-segment expenses |  | (14,382) |  | (1,563) |  | (15,053) |  | (5,611) |  | (70) |  | (36,679) |  | 36,679 |  | —
Total segment expenses |  | (53,834) |  | (11,923) |  | (35,680) |  | (17,944) |  | (1,049) |  | (120,430) |  | 36,076 |  | (84,354)
Segment results |  | 39,325 |  | (531) |  | 251 |  | 4,800 |  | (321) |  | 43,524 |  | 378 |  | 43,902
Other information |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Capital expenditures |  | (15,134) |  | (6,544) |  | (3,637) |  | (7,120) |  | (11) |  | (32,446) |  | (708) |  | (33,154)
Depreciation and amortization |  | (13,560) |  | (2,839) |  | (2,136) |  | (2,382) |  | (22) |  | (20,939) |  | 462 |  | (20,477)
Provision recognized in current period |  | (291) |  | (385) |  | (668) |  | (127) |  | (2) |  | (1,473) |  | (21) |  | (1,494)

Adjustments and eliminations:

|  | 2015 |  | 2016 |  | 2017
Segment results |  | 32,330 |  | 40,924 |  | 43,524
Operating loss of operating business |  | (194) |  | (339) |  | (786)
Other eliminations and adjustments |  | 282 |  | (1,390) |  | 1,195
IFRS reconciliation |  | (49) |  | (23) |  | (31)
Consolidated operating income |  | 32,369 |  | 39,172 |  | 43,902

Geographic information:

|  | 2015 |  | 2016 |  | 2017
External revenues |  |  |  |  |  |
Indonesia |  | 100,456 |  | 114,093 |  | 125,970
Foreign countries |  | 2,014 |  | 2,240 |  | 2,286
Total |  | 102,470 |  | 116,333 |  | 128,256

The revenue information above is based on the location of the customers.

There is no revenue from major customer which exceeds 10% of total revenues for the year ended December 31, 2017.

|  | 2015 |  | 2016 |  | 2017
Non-current operating assets |  |  |  |  |  |
Indonesia |  | 105,116 |  | 114,948 |  | 130,169
Foreign countries |  | 1,395 |  | 2,371 |  | 3,233
Total |  | 106,511 |  | 117,319 |  | 133,402

Non-current operating assets for this purpose consist of property and equipment and intangible assets.

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PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

33. SIGNIFICANT COMMITMENTS AND AGREEMENTS

a. Capital expenditures

As of December 31, 2017, capital expenditures committed under the contractual arrangements, principally relating to procurement and installation of data, internet and information technology, cellular, transmission equipment and cable network are as follows:

|  | Amounts in |  |
|  | foreign |  |
|  | currencies |  | Equivalent in
Currencies |  | (in millions) |  | Rupiah
Rupiah |  | — |  | 6,737
U.S. dollar |  | 192 |  | 2,604
Euro |  | 0.21 |  | 3
Total |  |  |  | 9,344

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PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

The above balance includes the following significant agreements:

(i) The Company

Contracting parties |  | Initial date of agreement |  | Significant provisions of the agreement |
The Company and Consortium NEC Corporation and PT NEC Indonesia |  | May 28, 2013 |  | Procurement agreement of Sulawesi Maluku Papua Cable System (“SMPCS”) package-2 |
The Company and PT Industri Telekomunikasi Indonesia |  | May 5, 2014 |  | Procurement and installation agreement of Outside Plant Fiber Optic ("OSP-FO") access |
The Company and PT Lintas Teknologi Indonesia |  | November 17, 2015 |  | Procurement and installation agreement of Dual Wavelength Division Multiplexing ("DWDM") Platform ALCATEL |
The Company and PT Datacomm Diangraha |  | November 20, 2015 |  | Procurement and installation agreement of Metro Ethernet Platform ALU |
The Company and PT Sisindokom Lintas Buana |  | November 23, 2015 |  | Procurement and installation agreement of Expand Provider Edge Virtual Private Network (“PE-VPN”) Cisco |
The Company and Space System/Loral, LLC |  | February 29, 2016 |  | Procurement of Telkom 4 Satellite System |
The Company and NEC Corporation |  | May 12, 2016 |  | Procurement and installation agreement of Sistem Komunikasi Kabel Laut ("SKKL”) Indonesia Global Gateway |
The Company and NEC Corporation |  | July 18, 2016 |  | Procurement and installation agreement of Radio IP Backhaul Node-B Telkomsel Platform NEC |
The Company and PT Huawei Tech Investment |  | October 10, 2016 |  | Procurement and installation agreement of 10 Gigabyte Capable Passive Optical Network (“XGPON”) Platform Huawei |
The Company and PT Huawei Tech Investment |  | November 25, 2016 |  | Procurement and installation agreement of DWDM Platform Huawei |
The Company and PT Fiberhome Technologies Indonesia and PT Abhimata Citra Abadi |  | December 6, 2016 |  | Procurement and installation agreement of XGPON Platform Fiberhome |
The Company and PT ZTE Indonesia |  | May 31, 2017 |  | Procurement agreement for Set Top Box (“STB”) Platform ZTE |
The Company and PT Asuransi Jasa Indonesia |  | October 31, 2017 |  | Procurement agreement for Telkom 4 Satellite Launch Insurance Services |
The Company and PT ZTE Indonesia |  | November 1, 2017 |  | Procurement and installation agreement of STB 4K and Optical Network Terminal (“ONT”) Enterprise Platform ZTE |
The Company and Consortium Bisnis Submarine Cable |  | November 10, 2017 |  | Procurement and installation agreement of SKKL Sabang-Lhoksemawe-Medan |
The Company and PT ZTE Indonesia |  | December 22, 2017 |  | Procurement for ONT Retail Platform ZTE |
The Company and PT Lancs Arche Consumma |  | December 22, 2017 |  | Procurement and installation agreement of Expand Capacity of Network Capacity DWDM Platform Coriant for NARU 2017 |

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PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

(ii) Telkomsel

Contracting parties |  | Initial date of agreement |  | Significant provisions of the agreement |
Telkomsel, PT Ericsson Indonesia, Ericsson AB, PT Nokia Siemens Networks, NSN Oy and Nokia Siemens Network GmbH & Co. KG |  | April 17, 2008 |  | The combined 2G and 3G CS Core Network Rollout Agreement |
Telkomsel, PT Ericsson Indonesia and PT Nokia Siemens Networks |  | April 17, 2008 |  | Technical Service Agreement (“TSA”) for combined 2G and 3G CS Core Network |
Telkomsel, PT Ericsson Indonesia, Ericsson AB, PT Nokia Siemens Networks, NSN Oy, Huawei International Pte. Ltd., PT Huawei and PT ZTE Indonesia |  | March and June 2009 |  | 2G BSS and 3G UTRAN Rollout agreement for the provision of 2G GSM BSS and 3G UMTS Radio Access Network |
Telkomsel, PT Dimension Data Indonesia and PT Huawei |  | February 3, 2010 |  | Maintenance and Procurement of Equipment and Related Service Agreement for Next Generation Convergence Core Transport Rollout and Technical Support |
Telkomsel, Amdocs Software Solutions Limited Liability Company and PT Application Solutions |  | February 8, 2010 |  | Online Charging System (“OCS”) and Service Control Points (“SCP”) System Solution Development Agreement |
Telkomsel and PT Application Solutions |  | February 8, 2010 |  | Technical Support Agreement to provide technical support services for the OCS and SCP |
Telkomsel, Amdocs Software Solutions Limited Liability Company and PT Application Solutions |  | July 5, 2011 |  | Development and Rollout agreement for Customer Relationship Management and Contact Center Solutions |
Telkomsel and PT Huawei |  | March 25, 2013 |  | Technical Support Agreement for the procurement of Gateway GPRS Support Node (“GGSN”) Service Complex |
Telkomsel and Wipro Limited, Wipro Singapore Pte. Ltd. and PT WT Indonesia |  | April 23, 2013 |  | Development and procurement of Operational and Strategic Decision Support System (“OSDSS”) Solution Agreement |
Telkomsel and PT Ericsson Indonesia |  | October 22, 2013 |  | Procurement of GGSN Service Complex Rollout Agreement |
Telkomsel and PT Dimension Data Indonesia |  | May 25, 2016 |  | Maintenance and Procurement of Equipment and Related Service Agreement for Next Generation Convergence RAN Transport Rollout |

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PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

b. Borrowings and other credit facilities

(i) As of December 31, 2017, the Company has bank guarantee facilities for tender bond, performance bond, maintenance bond, deposit guarantee and advance payment bond for various projects of the Company, as follows:

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Facility utilized
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Original currency |  | Rupiah
Lenders |  | Total facility |  | Maturity |  | Currency |  | (in millions) |  | equivalent
BRI |  | 500 |  | March 14, 2018 |  | Rp |  | — |  | 191
BNI |  | 500 |  | March 31, 2018 |  | Rp |  | — |  | 305
|  |  |  |  |  | US$ |  | 0 |  | 1
Bank Mandiri |  | 500 |  | December 23, 2019 |  | Rp |  | — |  | 390
|  |  |  |  |  | US$ |  | 0 |  | 1
Total |  | 1,500 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 888

(ii) Telkomsel has US$3 million bond, bank guarantee and standby letter of credit facility with SCB, Jakarta. The facilities will expire on July 31, 2018. Telkomsel has issued a bank guarantee amounting to Rp20 billion (equivalent to US$1.5 million) as a frequency performance bond valid until March 24, 2016. As the date of approval and authorization for the issuance of these financial statements the bank guarantee is not extended.

Telkomsel has a Rp500 billion bank guarantee facility with BRI. The facility will expire on March 25, 2019. Under this facility, as of December 31, 2017, Telkomsel has issued a bank guarantee amounting to Rp472 billion (equivalent to US$35 million) as payment commitment guarantee for annual right of usage fee valid until April 1, 2018 and Rp20 billion (equivalent to US$1.5 million) as frequency performance bond valid until May 31, 2018 (Note 33c.i).

Telkomsel has a Rp150 billion bank guarantee facility with BCA. The facility will expire on April 15, 2018.

Telkomsel also has a Rp2.1 trillion bank guarantee facility with BNI. The facility will expire on December 11, 2018. Telkomsel used this facility to replace the time deposits which were pledged as collateral for bank guarantees required for the USO program amounting to Rp52.2 billion (Note 33c.iii) and for surety bond of 2.3 GHz radio frequency amounting to Rp1.03 trillion (Note 33c.i)

(iii) TII has a US$15 million bank guarantee from Bank Mandiri and has been renewed in accordance with amendment V (five) on December 18, 2017 with a maximum credit limit of US$10 million. The facility will expire on December 18, 2018.

(iv) On December 31, 2017, Sigma has a Rp350 billion bank guarantee from BNI.

c. Others

(i) Radio Frequency Usage

Based on Decree No. 8 dated November 2, 2015 of the Government of the Republic of Indonesia which replaced Decree No. 76 dated December 15, 2010, Telkomsel is required to pay the annual

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PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

frequency usage fees for the 800 MHz, 900 MHz and 1800 MHz bandwidths using the formula set out in the decree.

As an implementation of the above decree, the Company and Telkomsel paid annual frequency usage fees since 2010.

In 2017, the Government through the MoCI established Telkomsel as the winner of the spectrum auction for a frequency of 2.3 GHz as wide as 30 MHz, at a price of Rp1.01 trillion.

Based on Decision Letter No. 1987 Year 2017 dated November 15, 2017, which amended Decree No. 42 Year 2014 dated January 29, 2014, whereby the MoCI granted Telkomsel the rights to provide:

(i) Mobile telecommunication services with radio frequency bandwidth in the 800 MHz, 900 MHz, 1800 MHz, 2.1 GHz and 2.3 GHz; and

(ii) Basic telecommunication services.

With reference to Decision Letters No. 268/KEP/M.KOMINFO/9/2009, No. 509 Year 2016 and No. 1896 year 2017 of the MoCI, Telkomsel is required, among other things, to:

1. Pay an annual right of usage (Biaya Hak Penyelenggaraan ("BHP")) over the license term (10 years) as set forth in the decision letters. The BHP is payable upon receipt of Surat Pemberitahuan Pembayaran (notification letter) from the DGPI. The BHP fee is payable annually up to the expiry period of the license.

2. Issue a performance bond each year amounting to Rp20 billion for spectrum 2.1 GHz and a surety bond each year amounting Rp1.03 trillion for spectrum 2.3 GHz (Note 33b.ii).

Conditional Business Transfer Agreement (“CBTA”)

In order to maximize business opportunities within the group synergy, the Company restructured its fixed wireless business unit by transferring its fixed wireless business and subscribers to Telkomsel. On June 27, 2014, the Company signed a CBTA with Telkomsel to transfer such business and subscribers to Telkomsel (Notes 5 and 10b).

Based on Decision Letter No. 934 dated September 26, 2014, the MoCI approved the transfer of the Company’s frequency usage license on radio frequency spectrum of 800 MHz, specifically on spectrum of 880 - 887.5 MHz paired with 925 - 932.5 MHz, to Telkomsel. Telkomsel can use the radio frequency spectrum since the date the Decision Letter was issued.

During the transition period, the Company is still able to use the radio frequency spectrum of 880 - 887.5 MHz paired with 925 - 932.5 MHz at the latest until December 14, 2014.

Based on MoCI Decision Letter No. 807/KOMINFO/OJ-SOPI.4/SP.03.03/10/2016 dated October 13, 2016, the migration process of frequency spectrum of 800 MHz has been completed and Telkomsel is able to use the frequency spectrum nationwide. Accordingly, the Company and Telkomsel agreed that the CBTA has been completed on October 21, 2016.

(ii) Operating lease commitments

The Group entered into non-cancelable lease agreements with both third and related parties. The lease agreements cover leased lines, telecommunication equipment, land and building with terms

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PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

ranging from 1 to 10 years and with expiry dates between 2018 and 2027. Periods may be extended based on the agreement by both parties. Minimum lease payments charged to profit or loss in 2017 amounted to Rp3,814 billion.

Future minimum lease payments/receivables under non-cancelable operating lease agreements as of December 31, 2017 are as follow:

|  |  |  | Less than |  |  |  | More than
|  | Total |  | 1 year |  | 1‑5 years |  | 5 years
As lessee |  | 31,218 |  | 4,038 |  | 15,915 |  | 11,265
As lessor |  | 2,362 |  | 737 |  | 1,475 |  | 150

In connection with the restructuring of its fixed wireless business (Note 33c.i), the Company is undertaking a negotiation to early terminate its operating lease arrangements, and has recorded provisions for early termination amounting to Rp666 billion and Rp202 billion which are presented as “Other Expense” in 2015 and 2016, respectively, outstanding liabilities balance of operating lease agreements due to early termination amounted to Rp300 billion has been fully paid in 2017.

(iii) Service Concession Arrangement

The MoCI issued Regulation No. 17 year 2016 dated September 26, 2016 which replaced Decree No. 45 year 2012 and other previous regulations regarding policies underlying the USO program. The regulation requires telecommunications operators in Indonesia to contribute 1.25% of gross revenues (with due consideration for bad debts and/or interconnection charges and/or connection charges and/or the exclusion of certain revenues that are not considered as part of gross revenues as a basis to calculate the USO charged) for USO development.

Subsequently, Decree No. 17 year 2016 dated September 26, 2016 was replaced by Decree No. 19 year 2016 which was effective from November 8, 2016. The latest Decree stipulates, among other things, the USO charged was effective for fiscal year 2016 and thereafter.

Based on MoCI Regulation No. 25 year 2015 dated June 30, 2015, it is stipulated that, among others, in providing telecommunication access and services in rural areas (USO Program), the provider is determined through a selection process by Balai Penyedia dan Pengelola Pembiayaan Telekomunikasi dan Informatika (“BPPPTI”). BPPPTI replaced Balai Telekomunikasi dan Informatika Pedesaan (“BTIP”) based on Decree No. 18/PER/M.KOMINFO/11/2010 dated November 19, 2010 of MoCI.

a. The Company

On March 12, 2010, the Company was selected in a tender by the Government through BTIP to provide internet access service centers for USO sub-districts for a total amount of Rp322 billion, covering Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam, North Sumatra, North Sulawesi, Gorontalo, Central Sulawesi, West Sulawesi, South Sulawesi and South East Sulawesi.

On December 23, 2010, the Company was selected in a tender by the Government through BPPPTI to provide mobile internet access service centers for USO sub-districts for a total amount of Rp528 billion, covering Jambi, Riau, Kepulauan Riau, North Sulawesi, Central Sulawesi, Gorontalo, West Sulawesi, South East Sulawesi, Central Kalimantan, South Sulawesi, Papua and West Irian Jaya.

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PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

In 2015, the program was ceased. On September 8, 2015, the Company filed an arbitration claim to the Indonesia National Board of Arbitration (“BANI”) for the settlement of the outstanding receivables of USO-PLIK and USO-MPLIK. On September 22, 2016, BANI decided that BPPPTI should pay the underpayment to the Company for USO-PLIK and USO-MPLIK project amounting to Rp127 billion and Rp342 billion, respectively.

b. Telkomsel

On December 27, 2011, Telkomsel (on behalf of Konsorsium Telkomsel, a consortium which was established with Dayamitra on December 9, 2011) was selected by BPPPTI as a provider of the USO Program in the border areas for all packages (package 1 ‑ 13) with a total price of Rp830 billion. On such date, Telkomsel was also selected by BPPPTI as a provider of the USO Program (Upgrading) of “Desa Pinter” or “Desa Punya Internet” for packages 1, 2 and 3 with a total price of Rp261 billion.

In 2015, the Program was ceased. In January 2016, Telkomsel filed an arbitration claim to BANI for the settlement of the outstanding receivables of USO Programs.

On June 22, 2017, Telkomsel received a decision letter from BANI No.792/1/ARB-BANI/2016 requesting BPPPTI to pay compensation to Telkomsel amounting to Rp217 billion, and as of the date of the issuance of these consolidated financial statements, Telkomsel has received the payment from BPPPTI amounting to Rp83 billion.

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017, Telkomsel’s net carrying amount of trade receivables for the USO programs which are measured at amortized cost using the effective interest method amounted to Rp178 billion and Rp115 billion, respectively.

34. CONTINGENCIES

The Company, Telkomsel and seven other local operators are being investigated by The Commission for the Supervision of Business Competition (Komisi Pengawasan Persaingan Usaha or “KPPU”) for allegations of SMS cartel practices. On June 17, 2008, in case No. 26/KPPU-L/2007, the Company, Telkomsel and seven other local operators were investigated. As a result of the investigations, KPPU stated that the Company, Telkomsel and five other local operators had violated Law No. 5 year 1999 article 5 and charged the Company and Telkomsel the amounts of Rp18 billion and Rp25 billion, respectively.

Management believes that there are no such cartel practices that led to a breach of prevailing regulations. Accordingly, the Company and Telkomsel filed an appeal with the Bandung District Court and South Jakarta District Court on July 14, 2008 and July 11, 2008, respectively.

Seven other local operators also filed an appeal in various courts. In relation to the case, the KPPU requested the SC to consolidate the cases into the Central Jakarta District Court. Based on the SC’s decision letter dated April 12, 2011, the SC appointed the Central Jakarta District Court to investigate and resolve the case. On May 27, 2015, the Central Jakarta District Court in case No. 03/KPPU/208/PN.JKT.PST decided that the Company, Telkomsel and seven other local operators won the case.

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PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

On July 23, 2015, KPPU filed an appeal to the SC regarding the case of SMS cartel practices. On February 29, 2016, the SC in case No. 9 K/Pdt.Sus-KPPU/2016 decided on the case in favor of KPPU, therefore the Company and Telkomsel have to pay the penalty charged by KPPU amounting to Rp18 billion and Rp25 billion, respectively. The Company and Telkomsel have paid the penalty to the treasury fund in January 2017.

35. FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT

1. Financial assets and financial liabilities

a. Classification

i. Financial assets

|  | 2016 |  | 2017
Loans and receivables |  |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents |  | 29,767 |  | 25,145
Trade and other receivables, net |  | 7,900 |  | 9,564
Other current financial assets |  | 313 |  | 1,005
Other non-current assets |  | 210 |  | 183
Available-for-sale financial assets |  |  |  |
Available-for-sale investments |  | 1,158 |  | 1,541
Total financial assets |  | 39,348 |  | 37,438

ii. Financial liabilities

|  | 2016 |  | 2017
Financial liabilities measured at amortized cost |  |  |  |
Trade and other payables |  | 13,690 |  | 15,791
Accrued expenses |  | 11,283 |  | 12,630
Interest-bearing loans and other borrowings |  |  |  |
Short-term bank loans |  | 911 |  | 2,289
Two-step loans |  | 1,292 |  | 1,098
Bonds and notes |  | 9,323 |  | 8,982
Long-term bank loans |  | 15,566 |  | 18,004
Obligations under finance leases |  | 4,010 |  | 3,804
Other borrowings |  | 697 |  | 1,295
Other liabilities |  | — |  | 296
Total financial liabilities |  | 56,772 |  | 64,189

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PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

b. Fair values

|  |  |  |  |  | Fair value measurement at reporting date using
|  |  |  |  |  | Quoted prices in |  |  |  |
|  |  |  |  |  | active markets for |  |  |  | Significant
|  |  |  |  |  | identical assets or |  | Significant other |  | unobservable
|  |  |  |  |  | liabilities |  | observable inputs |  | inputs
2016 |  | Carrying value |  | Fair value |  | (level 1) |  | (level 2) |  | (level 3)
Financial assets measured at fair value |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Available-for-sale investments |  | 1,158 |  | 1,158 |  | 1,058 |  | 100 |  | —
Financial liabilities for which fair values are disclosed |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest-bearing loans and other borrowings |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Two-step loans |  | 1,292 |  | 1,312 |  | — |  | — |  | 1,312
Bonds and notes |  | 9,323 |  | 9,684 |  | 9,342 |  | — |  | 342
Long-term bank loans |  | 15,566 |  | 15,404 |  | — |  | — |  | 15,404
Obligations under finance leases |  | 4,010 |  | 4,010 |  | — |  | — |  | 4,010
Other borrowings |  | 697 |  | 689 |  | — |  | — |  | 689
Total |  | 30,888 |  | 31,099 |  | 9,342 |  | — |  | 21,757

|  |  |  |  |  | Fair value measurement at reporting date using
|  |  |  |  |  | Quoted prices in |  |  |  |
|  |  |  |  |  | active markets for |  |  |  | Significant
|  |  |  |  |  | identical assets or |  | Significant other |  | unobservable
|  |  |  |  |  | liabilities |  | observable inputs |  | inputs
2017 |  | Carrying value |  | Fair value |  | (level 1) |  | (level 2) |  | (level 3)
Financial assets measured at fair value |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Available-for-sale investments |  | 1,541 |  | 1,541 |  | 1,151 |  | 17 |  | 373
|  | 1,541 |  | 1,541 |  | 1,151 |  | 17 |  | 373
Financial liabilities for which fair values are disclosed |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest-bearing loans and other borrowings |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Two-step loans |  | 1,098 |  | 1,111 |  | — |  | — |  | 1,111
Bonds and notes |  | 8,982 |  | 10,051 |  | 10,051 |  | — |  | —
Long-term bank loans |  | 18,004 |  | 18,126 |  | — |  | — |  | 18,126
Obligations under finance leases |  | 3,804 |  | 3,804 |  | — |  | — |  | 3,804
Other borrowings |  | 1,295 |  | 1,365 |  | — |  | — |  | 1,365
Other liabilities |  | 296 |  | 296 |  | — |  | — |  | 296
Total |  | 33,479 |  | 34,753 |  | 10,051 |  | — |  | 24,702

There is no gain or loss on fair value measurement recognized in consolidated statements of profit or loss and other comprehensive income in 2017 for investment classified as level 3. There is no movement between fair value hierarchy during 2017.

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PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

c. Fair value measurement

Fair value is the amount for which an asset could be exchanged, or a liability settled, between parties in an arm's length transaction.

The fair values of short-term financial assets and financial liabilities with maturities of one year or less (cash and cash equivalents, trade and other receivables, other current financial assets, trade and other payables, accrued expenses, and short-term bank loans) and other non-current assets are considered to approximate their carrying amounts as the impact of discounting is not significant.

The fair values of long-term financial assets and financial liabilities (other non-current assets (long-term trade receivables and restricted cash) and liabilities) approximate their carrying amounts as the impact of discounting is not significant.

The Group determined the fair value measurement for disclosure purposes of each class of financial assets and financial liabilities based on the following methods and assumptions:

(i) available-for-sale investments primarily consist of stocks, mutual funds, corporate and government bonds and convertible bonds. Stocks and mutual funds actively traded in an established market are stated at fair value using quoted market price or, if unquoted, determined using a valuation technique. The fair value of convertible bonds are determined using valuation technique. Corporate and government bonds are stated at fair value by reference to prices of similar securities at the reporting date;

(ii) the fair values of long-term financial liabilities are estimated by discounting the future contractual cash flows of each liability at rates offered to the Group for similar liabilities of comparable maturities by the bankers of the Group, except for bonds which are based on market price.

The fair value estimates are inherently judgmental and involve various limitations, including:

a. fair values presented do not take into consideration the effect of future currency fluctuations.

b. estimated fair values are not necessarily indicative of the amounts that the Group would record upon disposal/termination of the financial assets and liabilities.

2. Financial risk management

The Group’s activities expose it to a variety of financial risks such as market risks (including foreign exchange risk, market price risk and interest rate risk), credit risk and liquidity risk. Overall, the Group’s financial risk management program is intended to minimize losses on the financial assets and financial liabilities arising from fluctuation of foreign currency exchange rates and the fluctuation of interest rates. Management has a written policy on foreign currency risk management mainly on time deposit placements and hedging to cover foreign currency risk exposures for periods ranging from 3 up to 12 months.

Financial risk management is carried out by the Corporate Finance and Financial Policy unit under policies approved by the Board of Directors. The Corporate Finance and Financial Policy unit identifies, evaluates and hedges financial risks.

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PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

a. Foreign exchange risk

The Group is exposed to foreign exchange risk on sales, purchases and borrowings that are denominated in foreign currencies. The foreign currency denominated transactions are primarily in U.S. dollar and Japanese yen. The Group’s exposures to other foreign exchange rates are not material.

Increasing risks of foreign currency exchange rates on the obligations of the Group are expected to be partly offset by the effects of the exchange rates on time deposits and receivables in foreign currencies that are equal to at least 25% of the outstanding current foreign currency liabilities.

The following table presents the Group’s financial assets and financial liabilities exposure to foreign currency risk:

|  | 2016 |  | 2017
|  | U.S. dollar |  | Japanese yen |  | U.S. dollar |  | Japanese yen
|  | (in millions) |  | (in millions) |  | (in millions) |  | (in millions)
Financial assets |  | 324 |  | 6 |  | 261 |  | 7
Financial liabilities |  | (272) |  | (6,169) |  | (304) |  | (5,413)
Net exposure |  | 52 |  | (6,163) |  | (43) |  | (5,406)

Sensitivity analysis

A strengthening of the U.S. dollar and Japanese yen, as indicated below, against the rupiah at December 31, 2017 would have decreased equity and profit or loss by the amounts shown below. This analysis is based on foreign currency exchange rate variances that the Group considered to be reasonably possible at the reporting date. The analysis assumes that all other variables, in particular interest rates, remain constant.

|  | Equity/profit (loss)
December 31, 2017 |  |
U.S. dollar (1% strengthening) |  | (6)
Japanese yen (5% strengthening) |  | (33)

A weakening of the U.S. dollar and Japanese yen against the rupiah at December 31, 2017 would have had an equal but opposite effect on the above currencies at the amounts shown above, on the basis that all other variables remain constant.

b. Market price risk

The Group is exposed to changes in debt and equity market prices related to available-for-sale investments carried at fair value. Gains arising from changes in the fair value of available-for-sale investments are recognized in the consolidated statements of profit or loss and other comprehensive income.

The performance of the Group’s available-for-sale investments is monitored periodically, together with a regular assessment of their relevance to the Group’s long-term strategic plans.

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PERUSAHAAN PERSEROAN (PERSERO)

PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

As of December 31, 2017, management considered the price risk for the Group’s available-for-sale investments to be immaterial in terms of the possible impact on profit or loss and total equity from a reasonably possible change in fair value.

c. Interest rate risk

Interest rate fluctuation is monitored to minimize any negative impact to financial performance. Borrowings at variable interest rates expose the Group to interest rate risk (Notes 16 and 17). To measure market risk pertaining to fluctuations in interest rates, the Group primarily uses interest margin and maturity profile of the financial assets and liabilities based on changing schedule of the interest rate.

At reporting date, the interest rate profile of the Group’s interest-bearing borrowings was as follows:

|  | 2016 |  | 2017
Fixed rate borrowings |  | (16,383) |  | (14,281)
Variable rate borrowings |  | (15,416) |  | (21,191)

Sensitivity analysis for variable rate borrowings

As of December 31, 2017, a decrease (increase) by 25 basis points in interest rates of variable rate borrowings would have increased (decreased) equity and profit or loss by Rp53 billion, respectively. The analysis assumes that all other variables, in particular foreign currency rates, remain constant.

d. Credit risk

The following table presents the maximum exposure to credit risk of the Group’s financial assets:

|  | 2016 |  | 2017
Cash and cash equivalents |  | 29,767 |  | 25,145
Other current financial assets |  | 1,471 |  | 2,173
Trade and other receivables, net |  | 7,900 |  | 9,564
Other non-current assets |  | 210 |  | 183
Total |  | 39,348 |  | 37,065

The Group is exposed to credit risk primarily from cash and cash equivalents and trade and other receivables. The credit risk is controlled by continuous monitoring of outstanding balance and collection.

Credit risk from balances with banks and financial institutions is managed by the Group’s Corporate Finance and Financial Policy Unit in accordance with the Group’s written policy. The Group placed the majority of its cash and cash equivalents in state-owned banks because they have the most extensive branch networks in Indonesia and are considered to be financially sound banks, as they are owned by the State. Therefore, it is intended to minimize financial loss through banks and financial institutions’ potential failure to make payments.

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PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

The customer credit risk is managed by continuous monitoring of outstanding balances and collection. Trade and other receivables do not have any major concentration of risk whereas no customer receivable balance exceeds 5% of trade receivables as of December 31, 2017.

Management is confident in its ability to continue to control and sustain minimal exposure to the customer credit risk given that the Group has recognized sufficient provision for impairment of receivables to cover incurred loss arising from uncollectible receivables based on existing historical data on credit losses.

e. Liquidity risk

Liquidity risk arises in situations where the Group has difficulties in fulfilling financial liabilities when they become due.

Prudent liquidity risk management implies maintaining sufficient cash in order to meet the Group’s financial obligations. The Group continuously performs an analysis to monitor financial position ratios, such as liquidity ratios and debt-to-equity ratios, against debt covenant requirements.

The following is the maturity profile of the Group’s financial liabilities based on contractual undiscounted payments:

|  | 2016
|  | Carrying |  | Contractual |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 2021 and
|  | amount |  | cash flows |  | 2017 |  | 2018 |  | 2019 |  | 2020 |  | thereafter
December 31, 2016 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Trade and other payables |  | 13,690 |  | (13,690) |  | (13,690) |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | —
Accrued expenses |  | 11,283 |  | (11,283) |  | (11,283) |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | —
Interest bearing loans and other borrowings |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Bank loans |  | 16,477 |  | (20,421) |  | (5,875) |  | (5,635) |  | (2,883) |  | (2,565) |  | (3,463)
Bonds and notes |  | 9,323 |  | (19,670) |  | (969) |  | (967) |  | (1,187) |  | (3,000) |  | (13,547)
Obligations under finance leases |  | 4,010 |  | (5,160) |  | (987) |  | (892) |  | (816) |  | (771) |  | (1,694)
Other borrowings |  | 697 |  | (1,007) |  | (60) |  | (118) |  | (164) |  | (153) |  | (512)
Two-step loans |  | 1,292 |  | (1,487) |  | (279) |  | (244) |  | (216) |  | (209) |  | (539)
Total |  | 56,772 |  | (72,718) |  | (33,143) |  | (7,856) |  | (5,266) |  | (6,698) |  | (19,755)

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PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

|  | 2017
|  | Carrying |  | Contractual |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 2022 and
|  | amount |  | cash flows |  | 2018 |  | 2019 |  | 2020 |  | 2021 |  | thereafter
December 31, 2017 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Trade and other payables |  | 15,791 |  | (15,791) |  | (15,791) |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | —
Accrued expenses |  | 12,630 |  | (12,630) |  | (12,630) |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | —
Interest bearing loans and other borrowings |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Bank loans |  | 20,293 |  | (24,365) |  | (7,721) |  | (5,056) |  | (3,979) |  | (2,641) |  | (4,968)
Bonds and notes |  | 8,982 |  | (18,278) |  | (929) |  | (929) |  | (2,873) |  | (726) |  | (12,821)
Obligations under finance leases |  | 3,804 |  | (4,685) |  | (1,083) |  | (969) |  | (866) |  | (778) |  | (989)
Other borrowings |  | 1,295 |  | (1,759) |  | (220) |  | (303) |  | (285) |  | (266) |  | (685)
Two-step loans |  | 1,098 |  | (1,247) |  | (251) |  | (223) |  | (215) |  | (190) |  | (368)
Other liabilities |  | 296 |  | (355) |  | (17) |  | (34) |  | (34) |  | (135) |  | (135)
Total |  | 64,189 |  | (79,110) |  | (38,642) |  | (7,514) |  | (8,252) |  | (4,736) |  | (19,966)

The difference between the carrying amount and the contractual cash flows is interest value. The interest values of variable-rate borrowings are determined based on the interest rates effective as of reporting dates.

The changes in liabilities arising from financing activities is as follows:

|  |  |  |  |  | Non-cash changes |  |
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Foreign |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | January 1, |  |  |  |  |  | exchange |  | New |  | Other |  | December 31,
|  | 2017 |  | Cash flows |  | Acquisition |  | movement |  | leases |  | changes |  | 2017
Short term bank loans |  | 911 |  | 1,374 |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 4 |  | 2,289
Two-step loans |  | 1,292 |  | (228) |  | — |  | 34 |  | — |  | — |  | 1,098
Bonds and notes |  | 9,323 |  | (342) |  | — |  | 0 |  | — |  | 1 |  | 8,982
Long term bank loans |  | 15,566 |  | 2,200 |  | 204 |  | 7 |  | — |  | 27 |  | 18,004
Other borrowings |  | 697 |  | 600 |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | (2) |  | 1,295
Obligations under finance leases |  | 4,010 |  | (724) |  | — |  | — |  | 518 |  | (0) |  | 3,804
Total liabilities from financing activities |  | 31,799 |  | 2,880 |  | 204 |  | 41 |  | 518 |  | 30 |  | 35,472

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PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

36. CAPITAL MANAGEMENT

The capital structure of the Group is as follows:

|  | 2016 |  | 2017 |
|  | Amount |  | Portion |  | Amount |  | Portion |
Short-term debts |  | 911 |  | 0.79 | % | 2,289 |  | 1.79 | %
Long-term debts |  | 30,888 |  | 26.63 | % | 33,183 |  | 25.94 | %
Total debts |  | 31,799 |  | 27.42 | % | 35,472 |  | 27.73 | %
Equity attributable to owners of the parent company |  | 84,163 |  | 72.58 | % | 92,467 |  | 72.27 | %
Total |  | 115,962 |  | 100.00 | % | 127,939 |  | 100.00 | %

The Group’s objectives when managing capital are to safeguard the Group’s ability to continue as a going concern in order to provide returns for stockholders and benefits to other stakeholders and to maintain an optimum capital structure to minimize the cost of capital.

Periodically, the Group conducts debt valuation to assess possibilities of refinancing existing debts with new ones which have more efficient cost that will lead to more optimized cost-of-debt. In case of idle cash with limited investment opportunities, the Group will consider buying back its shares of stock or paying dividend to its stockholders.

In addition to complying with loan covenants, the Group also maintains its capital structure at the level it believes will not risk its credit rating and which is comparable with its competitors.

Debt-to-equity ratio (comparing net interest-bearing debt to total equity) is a ratio which is monitored by management to evaluate the Group’s capital structure and review the effectiveness of the Group’s debts. The Group monitors its debt levels to ensure the debt-to-equity ratio complies with or is below the ratio set out in its contractual borrowings arrangements and that such ratio is comparable or better than that of regional area entities in the telecommunications industry.

The Group’s debt-to-equity ratio as of December 31, 2016 and 2017 is as follows:

|  | 2016 |  | 2017 |
Total interest-bearing debts |  | 31,799 |  | 35,472 |
Less: cash and cash equivalents |  | (29,767) |  | (25,145) |
Net debts |  | 2,032 |  | 10,327 |
Total equity attributable to owners of the parent company |  | 84,163 |  | 92,467 |
Net debt-to-equity ratio |  | 2.41 | % | 11.17 | %

As stated in Note 17, the Group is required to maintain a certain debt-to-equity ratio and debt service coverage ratio by the lenders. For the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2017, the Group has complied with the externally imposed capital requirements.

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PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

37. SUPPLEMENTAL CASH FLOW INFORMATION

The non-cash investing activities for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017 are as follows:

|  | 2015 |  | 2016 |  | 2017
Acquisitions of property and equipment: |  |  |  |  |  |
Credited to trade payables |  | 4,979 |  | 6,199 |  | 5,525
Non-monetary exchange |  | — |  | 636 |  | 816
Credited to obligations under finance leases |  | 452 |  | 368 |  | 518
Interest capitalization |  | — |  | 188 |  | 328
Acquisitions of intangible assets: Credited to trade payables |  | 179 |  | 41 |  | 846

38. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

1.On January 30, 2018, the Company, through Metranet, entered into a conditional shares subscription agreement with Cellum Global Zrt. ("Cellum"). Metranet will enclose new shares through two stages in which shares subscribed in first and second stage are amounting to US$4,000,000 and US$2,000,000, respectively. Metranet will have 30.4% ownership in Cellum after the second stage. Cellum is Hungarian company which engaged in mobile payment and commerce services solutions provider. These new shares are expected to strengthen Telecommunication, Information, Media, Edutainment, and Services (“TIMES”) portfolio, particularly strengthening the Group's Financial Technology business ecosystem.

2.Up to the date of issuance of these consolidated financial statements, the Company and its subsidiaries have drawn down and entered into a credit facility agreement:

a.On January 4, 2018 and February 13, 2018, GSD withdrew loans from 2017 facility agreement with BNI and Bank Mandiri amounting to Rp68 billion and Rp150 billion, respectively.

b.On January 10, 2018, Telkomsel amended the overdraft agreement with Deutsche Bank AG, dated April 8, 2015, for total facilities up to Rp750 billion for the purpose of financing Telkomsel’s working capital.

c.On February 9, 2018, TII entered into a credit facility agreement with The Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubishi-UFJ, Ltd. amounting to US$10 million.

d.On February 26, 2018 the Company entered a loan facility agreement with BNI for facility amounting to Rp825 billion.

3.On February 27, 2018, the Ministry of Communications and Multimedia of Malaysia has granted the amendment of Special or Additional License Conditions that the foreign shareholding in TSGN may be up to 70%.

4.On March 31, 2018, Metra signed a Sales Purchase Agreement with shareholders of PT Swadharma Sarana Informatika (“Swadharma”) for purchase of 14,600 shares and 11,837 new shares. Total of considerations paid for shares and new shares are amounted Rp397 billion. Metra will have 51% ownership in Swadharma after the acquisition. Swadharma is a company engaged in the management of computer technology facilities, especially in the banking sector. These new investments are expected to strengthen the Company business portfolio.

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PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

39. NEW ACCOUNTING STANDARDS AND INTERPRETATIONS NOT YET ADOPTED

The accounting standards and interpretations that are issued, but not yet effective for the year ended December 31, 2017 and which have not been applied in preparing these consolidated financial statements are disclosed below. The Group intends to adopt these standards, if applicable, when they become effective.

Effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2018

 IFRS 9, Financial Instruments

IFRS 9 includes revised guidance on the classification and measurement of financial instruments, including a new expected credit loss model for calculating impairment on financial assets, and the new general hedge accounting requirements. It also carries forward the guidance on recognition and derecognition of financial instruments from IAS 39. IFRS 9, published in July 2014, replaces the existing guidance in IAS 39, Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement. IFRS 9 is effective for annual reporting periods beginning on or after January 1, 2018, with early adoption permitted. The Group does not intend to adopt IFRS 9 before the effective date.

The classification and measurement of financial assets, stocks, mutual funds, corporate and government bonds, and convertible bonds currently classified as available-for-sale financial assets would appear to satisfy the conditions for classification as at fair value through other comprehensive income (“FVOCI”) and hence there will be no change to the accounting for these assets. The other financial assets held by the Group include cash and cash equivalents, other current financial assets, trade and other receivables, and other non-current assets (long-term trade receivables and restricted cash) currently classified as loans and receivables and measured at amortized cost which appear to meet the conditions for classification at amortized cost under IFRS 9. Accordingly, the Group does not expect the new guidance to have a significant impact on the classification and measurement of its financial assets.

There will be no impact on the Group’s accounting for financial liabilities, as the new requirements only affect the accounting for financial liabilities that are designated at fair value through profit or loss and the Group does not have any such liabilities.

The new impairment model requires the recognition of impairment provisions based on expected credit losses (“ECL’’) rather than only incurred credit losses as is the case under IAS 39.

Based on the assessment completed to date, the Group expects the effect of applying the impairment requirements of IFRS 9 in the provision for impairment of receivable. The quantum of impact is not yet determinable at this time because it depends on the supportable information being made available to the Group in 2018 when the Group adopt IFRS 9.

 IFRS 15, Revenue from Contracts with Customers

IFRS 15 establishes a comprehensive framework to determine how, when and how much revenue is to be recognised. The standard provides a single, principles-based five-step model for the determination and recognition of revenue to be applied to all contracts with customers. The standard also provides specific guidance requiring certain types of costs to obtain and/or fulfil a contract to be

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PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

capitalized and amortized on a systematic basis that is consistent with the transfer to the customer of the goods or services to which the capitalized cost relates.

IFRS 15 replaces a number of existing revenue standards, including IAS 18 - Revenue, IAS 11 - Construction Contracts and IFRIC 13 - Customer Loyalty Programmes. IFRS 15 will be effective for annual reporting periods beginning on or after January 1, 2018 with a permission for early adoption.

There are two adoption methods available for implementation. Under one method, the standard is applied retrospectively to contracts for each reporting period presented, subject to allowable practical expedients. Under the other method, the Group is allowed to use a modified retrospective approach by applying IFRS 15 only to the most current period presented, recognizing the cumulative effect of the change as an adjustment to the beginning balance of retained earnings at January 1, 2018, and provides additional disclosures comparing the results to the previous revenue guidance.

The Group has decided to apply the modified retrospective approach to adopt the standard beginning on January 1, 2018.The Group has also elected to apply the following practical expedients on the transition date:

- Completed contracts - the Group would apply IFRS 15 only to customer contracts that are not completed on January 1, 2018 and would not adjust prior reporting periods; and

- Contract modifications - instead of applying a retrospective approach to quantify the cumulative effects of contract modifications from the time the each modification was made; the Group would reflect the aggregate effect of all contract modifications that occur before January 1, 2018 in order to:

(i) identify satisfied and unsatisfied performance obligations;

(ii) determine the transaction price of the latest modified contract; and

(iii) allocate the transaction price to the satisfied and unsatisfied performance obligations as of January 1, 2018.

Based on the assessment completed to date, the Group identifies the following indicative impacts to each of the Group's Customer Facing Units ("CFU"):

| a) |  | Mobile and Consumer CFUs

Customer contracts for these mobile and consumer CFUs are relatively standard in nature. The Group has already pre-determined the services and/or package of services that it is going to offer so that customers can choose from a selection of packages that the Group sells. Given the standard nature of the products offered, the Group is already allocating revenue to all of the different components of revenue identified in customer contracts. From time to time, however, the Group also offers free promotion products as incentives. These free promotion products are likely to constitute separate performance obligations that are subject to further revenue allocation under IFRS 15. The Group is expected to continue to offer a variety of free digital and home entertainment contents to help promote its products in the market. As a result, the Group expects that there will be some reallocation of revenues between:

-“Short Messaging Services”, “Cellular Telephone", and “Cellular Internet and Data” for Mobile CFU; and

-“Fixed Telephone”, “Pay TV”, and “Internet, Data Communication and Information Technology Services” for Consumer CFU.

Reallocation of future revenues will not have any impact on the amount of cumulative revenue recognised to date by the Group.

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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

| b) |  | Wholesale and International ("WIB") CFU

Wholesale telecommunication services comprise primarily of interconnection services, as well as pre-determined network services. The pre-determined network services are standardised in nature and the Group has already allocated contract revenues to all identified revenue elements under the existing practice. Given the nature of the contracts for pre-determined network services, the Group does not expect IFRS 15 to have a material impact on pre-determined network services.

Consistent with the industry practice, the Group offers volume discounts on interconnectivity charges depending on the volume of traffic used by the other telecommunication operators. For the purposes of IFRS 15, the Group has been performing an assessment to ensure that the amount of interconnectivity revenues recognised to date is capped to a level that is not subject to a significant risk of reversal in the future. The Group expects there will be an adjustment made to the opening retained earnings that will be reported in the next fiscal year to incorporate the estimation of volume discounts paid in 2018.

| c) |  | Enterprise CFU

Many of the Enterprise CFU product offerings are bespoke in nature. The Group often custom-designs its solution services to satisfy customers’ specific needs and requirements. For the purposes of IFRS 15, the Group has undertaken a project to evaluate individual customer contracts to determine the number and nature of performance obligations promised to customers in those contracts. In some circumstances, free products that are provided to customers to fulfil solution services can now be identified as distinct performance obligations under IFRS 15. Therefore, the Group expects that there will be more performance obligations that will be identified under IFRS 15 as compared to the existing revenue standards. In addition, IFRS 15 introduces more detailed guidance to determine the stand-alone selling prices of the identified performance obligations. In effect, this will lead to a reallocation of some portion of revenues between “Internet, Data Communication and Information Technology Services” and “CPE and Terminal” sub-classifications.

IFRS 15 requires the Group to capitalise some portion of the costs incurred to acquire contracts and costs to fulfil performance obligations of contracts that are satisfied over time as an asset on the balance sheet. In contrast to the current treatment that requires the Group to expense these costs as incurred, the capitalised contract acquisition and fulfilment costs will be amortised as the Group satisfies its performance obligations over time.

The above impacts are indicative in nature and subject to further adjustments as management continues to complete the impact assessment of IFRS 15. The ultimate impact on revenues resulting from the application of the new standard will be subject to assessments that are dependent on many variables, including, but not limited to, the terms of our contractual arrangements and the Group's business portfolios.

The Group is deploying a cross-functional project team dedicated to continuously assess the impact of the new standard. This team is responsible for: (i) identifying the Group's revenue streams that will be most affected by the new requirements of the standard; (ii) making the necessary changes to the Group's existing accounting policies; (iii) developing new business processes and controls; including (iv) selecting, as well as, implementing suitable systems solutions to complement the Group's accounting and billing systems to support IFRS 15.

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PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

 Amendments to IAS 28, Measuring an Associate or Joint Venture at Fair Value

IAS 28 is amended to clarify that when an investment entity elects to measure its investment in an associate or joint venture at fair value through profit or loss in accordance with IFRS 9, it shall make this election separately for each associate or joint venture, at initial recognition of the associate or joint venture.

A non-investment entity investor can elect to retain the fair value accounting applied by its investment entity associate or joint venture. This election is made separately for each investment entity associate or joint venture, at the later of the date on which (a) the investment entity associate or joint venture is initially recognized; (b) the associate or joint venture becomes an investment entity; and (c) the investment entity associate or joint venture first becomes a parent. These amendments are not expected to have an impact to the Group's consolidated statements of financial position or performance since there is no investment in associates or joint venture measured at fair value through profit or loss as of December 31, 2017.

 Amendments to IAS 40, Transfer of Investment Property

IAS 40 is amended to clarify that an entity shall transfer a property to, or from, investment property when, and only when, there is a change in use. A change in use occurs when the property meets, or ceases to meet, the definition of investment property and there is evidence of the change in use. In isolation, a change in management’s intentions for the use of a property does not provide evidence of a change in use.

These amendments are not expected to have an impact to the Group's consolidated statements of financial position or performance since there is no property classified as investment property as of December 31, 2017.

 Amendments to IFRS 1, Deletion of Short-term Exemptions for First-time Adopters

IFRS 1 is amended to delete short-term exemptions for first-time adopters regarding disclosures about financial instruments, employee benefits and investment entities.

This amendment is not applicable to the Group's consolidated financial statements.

 Amendments to IFRS 2, Classification and Measurement of Shared-based Payment Transactions

IFRS 2 is amended to provide some additional accounting requirement for cash-settled share-based payment transactions regarding treatment of vesting and non-vesting conditions, share-based payment transactions with a net settlement feature for withholding tax obligations, and modification of a share-based payment transaction that changes its classification from cash-settled to equity-settled.

These amendments are not expected to have an impact to the Group's consolidated statements of financial position or performance since there is no shared-based payment transaction for the year ended December 31, 2017.

 IFRS Interpretation Committee (IFRIC) 22, Foreign Currency Transactions and Advance Consideration

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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

IFRIC 22 defines that the date on which an entity initially recognizes the non-monetary asset or non-monetary liability arising from the payment or receipt of advance consideration is the date of the transaction for the purpose of determining the exchange rate to use on initial recognition of the related asset, expense or income (or part of it) on the derecognition of a non-monetary asset or non-monetary liability arising from the payment or receipt of advance consideration in a foreign currency.

These amendments are not expected to have an impact to the Group's consolidated statements of financial position or performance.

Effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2019

 IFRS 16, Leases

IFRS 16 was issued in January 2016. It will result in almost all leases being recognised on the statement of financial position of the lessee, as the distinction between operating and finance leases is removed. Under the new standard, an asset (the right to use the leased item) and a financial liability to pay rentals are recognised. The only exceptions are short-term and/or low-value leases. The standard is not expected to significantly change accounting for lessors.

The standard is mandatory for financial years commencing on or after January 1, 2019. Early adoption of IFRS 16 is allowed provided that it is adopted together with IFRS 15. The Group does not intend to adopt the standard before its effective date.

IFRS 16 will affect primarily the accounting for the Group's operating leases as lessee. As at the reporting date, the Group has non-cancellable operating lease commitments of IDR 31,218 billion (Note 33c.ii).

However, the Group has not yet determined to what extent these commitments will result in the recognition of an asset and a liability for future payments and how this will affect the Group's profit and classification of cash flows. Some of the commitments may be covered by the exception for short-term and/or low-value leases and some commitments may relate to arrangements that will not qualify as leases under IFRS 16.

 IFRIC 23, Uncertainty over Income Tax Treatments

IFRIC 23 clarifies how to apply the recognition and measurement requirements in IAS 12 Income Taxes when there is uncertainty over income tax treatments. When there is uncertainty over income tax treatments, IFRIC 23 addresses:

-whether an entity considers uncertain tax treatments separately,

-the assumptions an entity makes about the examination of tax treatments by taxation authorities,

-how an entity determines taxable profit (tax loss), tax bases, unused tax losses, unused tax credits and tax rates, and

-how an entity considers changes in facts and circumstances.

The Group is currently assessing on how the recognition and measurement of ongoing tax assessment would be affected by this IFRIC 23.

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NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

 Amendments to IFRS 3, Business Combination and IFRS 11, Joint Arrangements, previously Held Interest in a Joint Operation

IFRS 3 is amended to clarify that when an entity obtains control of a business that is a joint operation and had rights to the assets and obligations for the liabilities relating to that joint operation immediately before the acquisition date, the transaction is a business combination achieved in stages. The acquirer shall therefore apply the requirements for a business combination achieved in stages, including remeasuring its previously held interest in the assets and liabilities of the joint operation at fair value.

IFRS 11 is amended to clarify that a party that participates in, but does not have joint control of,a joint operation might obtain joint control of the joint operation in which the activity of the joint operation constitutes a business as defined in IFRS 3. In such cases, previously held interests in the joint operation are not remeasured.

These amendments are not expected to have an impact to the Group's consolidated statements of financial position or performance.

 Amendments to IFRS 9, Prepayment Features with Negative Compensation

IFRS 9 is amended to clarify that financial assets with prepayment features that may result in negative compensation qualify as contractual cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding.

These amendments are not expected to have an impact to the Group's consolidated statements of financial position or performance since there is no financial assets with prepayment features as of December 31, 2017.

 Amendments to IAS 12, Income Tax Consequences of Payments on Financial Instruments Classified as Equity

IAS 12 is amended to clarify that an entity shall recognise the income tax consequences of dividends as defined in IFRS 9 when it recognises a liability to pay a dividend. An entity shall recognise the income tax consequences of dividends in profit or loss, other comprehensive income or equity according to where the entity originally recognised those past transactions or events.

These amendments are not expected to have an impact to the Group's consolidated statements of financial position or performance.

 Amendments to IAS 23, Borrowing Costs Eligible for Capitalisation

IAS 23 is amended to clarify that when the entity calculates the borrowing costs eligible for capitalisation from general borrowings, the entity shall exclude from this calculation borrowing costs applicable to borrowings made specifically for the purpose of obtaining a qualifying asset until substantially all the activities necessary to prepare that asset for its intended use or sale are complete.

These ammendments are not expected to have an impact to the Group's consolidated statements of financial position or performance.

 Amendments to IAS 28, Long-term Interests in Associates and Joint Ventures

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PT TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Tbk AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

As of December 31, 2016 and 2017 and for the

Years Ended December 31, 2015, 2016 and 2017

(Figures in tables are expressed in billions of Rupiah, unless otherwise stated)

IAS 28 is amended to provides that the entity shall apply IFRS 9 to financial instruments in an associate or joint venture to which the equity method is not applied. These include long-term interests that, in substance, form part of the entity's net investment in an associate or joint venture.

These amendments are not expected to have an impact to the Group's consolidated statements of financial position or performance since there are no long-term interests in associates and joint ventures as of December 31, 2017.

Effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2021

IFRS 17, Insurance Contract, will be effective on January 1, 2021, are considered to be not applicable to the Group's consolidated financial statements.

The effective date was postponed to a date yet to be determined

 Amendments to IFRS 10 and IAS 28, Sale or Contribution of Assets between an Investor and its Associate or Joint Venture

The amendments provide guidance for accounting treatment when a parent loses control of a subsidiary in a transaction with an associate or joint venture. The amendments require full gain to be recognized when the assets transferred meet the definition of a “business” under IFRS 3, Business Combinations.

These amendments are not expected to impact the Group’s consolidated statements of financial position or performance.

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