36. CAPITAL MANAGEMENT

The capital structure of the Group is as follows:


	2016			2017
	Amount	Portion		Amount	Portion
Short-term debts	911	0.79	%	2,289	1.79	%
Long-term debts	30,888	26.63	%	33,183	25.94	%
Total debts	31,799	27.42	%	35,472	27.73	%
Equity attributable to owners of the parent company	84,163	72.58	%	92,467	72.27	%
Total	115,962	100.00	%	127,939	100.00	%

The Group’s objectives when managing capital are to safeguard the Group’s ability to continue as a going concern in order to provide returns for stockholders and benefits to other stakeholders and to maintain an optimum capital structure to minimize the cost of capital.

Periodically, the Group conducts debt valuation to assess possibilities of refinancing existing debts with new ones which have more efficient cost that will lead to more optimized cost-of-debt. In case of idle cash with limited investment opportunities, the Group will consider buying back its shares of stock or paying dividend to its stockholders.

In addition to complying with loan covenants, the Group also maintains its capital structure at the level it believes will not risk its credit rating and which is comparable with its competitors.

Debt-to-equity ratio (comparing net interest-bearing debt to total equity) is a ratio which is monitored by management to evaluate the Group’s capital structure and review the effectiveness of the Group’s debts. The Group monitors its debt levels to ensure the debt-to-equity ratio complies with or is below the ratio set out in its contractual borrowings arrangements and that such ratio is comparable or better than that of regional area entities in the telecommunications industry.

The Group’s debt-to-equity ratio as of December 31, 2016 and 2017 is as follows:


	2016		2017
Total interest-bearing debts	31,799		35,472
Less: cash and cash equivalents	(29,767)		(25,145)
Net debts	2,032		10,327
Total equity attributable to owners of the parent company	84,163		92,467
Net debt-to-equity ratio	2.41	%	11.17	%

As stated in Note 17, the Group is required to maintain a certain debt-to-equity ratio and debt service coverage ratio by the lenders. For the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2017, the Group has complied with the externally imposed capital requirements.