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Derivative Financial Instruments - Credit Derivatives Sold (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	9 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Credit default swaps
Credit derivatives sold disclosures
Notional amount	$ 170.0	$ 90.0
Fair value	2.8	0.5
Maximum future payments	$ 170.0	$ 90.0
Weighted average expected life	4 years	2 years 4 months 24 days
Single name credit default swaps | Corporate debt securities | A
Credit derivatives sold disclosures
Notional amount	$ 20.0	$ 5.0
Fair value	0.5
Maximum future payments	$ 20.0	$ 5.0
Weighted average expected life	4 years 8 months 12 days	6 months
Single name credit default swaps | Corporate debt securities | BBB
Credit derivatives sold disclosures
Notional amount	$ 115.0	$ 70.0
Fair value	1.7	0.2
Maximum future payments	$ 115.0	$ 70.0
Weighted average expected life	4 years 1 month 6 days	2 years 7 months 6 days
Single name credit default swaps | Sovereign | A
Credit derivatives sold disclosures
Notional amount	$ 20.0
Fair value	0.5
Maximum future payments	$ 20.0
Weighted average expected life	4 years 8 months 12 days
Single name credit default swaps | Sovereign | BBB
Credit derivatives sold disclosures
Notional amount	$ 15.0	$ 15.0
Fair value	0.1	0.3
Maximum future payments	$ 15.0	$ 15.0
Weighted average expected life	1 year 2 months 12 days	2 years

X

- Definition

Discloses the notional amount of the credit derivatives sold (or each group of similar credit derivatives) as of the date of the statement of financial position.

+ References

No definition available.

+ Details

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Namespace Prefix:	pfg_
Data Type:	xbrli:monetaryItemType
Balance Type:	credit
Period Type:	instant

X

- Definition

Discloses the fair value of the credit derivatives sold (or each group of similar credit derivatives) as of the date of the statement of financial position.

+ References

No definition available.

+ Details

Name:	pfg_CreditDerivativesSoldFairValue
Namespace Prefix:	pfg_
Data Type:	xbrli:monetaryItemType
Balance Type:	credit
Period Type:	instant

X

- Definition

Represents the weighted-average expected life in years for credit derivatives sold.

+ References

No definition available.

+ Details

Name:	pfg_CreditDerivativesSoldWeightedAverageExpectedLife
Namespace Prefix:	pfg_
Data Type:	xbrli:durationItemType
Balance Type:	na
Period Type:	duration

X

- Definition

Maximum potential amount of future undiscounted payments that could be required under the credit derivative, before reduction for potential recoveries under recourse or collateralization provisions.

+ References

Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 815
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 4K
-Subparagraph (b)(1)
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=121590274&loc=SL5708775-113959

+ Details

Name:	us-gaap_CreditDerivativeMaximumExposureUndiscounted
Namespace Prefix:	us-gaap_
Data Type:	xbrli:monetaryItemType
Balance Type:	credit
Period Type:	instant

X

- Definition

Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.

+ References

No definition available.

+ Details

Name:	us-gaap_CreditDerivativesLineItems
Namespace Prefix:	us-gaap_
Data Type:	xbrli:stringItemType
Balance Type:	na
Period Type:	duration

X

- Details

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Namespace Prefix:
Data Type:	na
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Period Type:

X

- Details

Name:	us-gaap_CreditDerivativesByContractTypeAxis=pfg_SingleNameCreditDefaultSwapsMember
Namespace Prefix:
Data Type:	na
Balance Type:
Period Type:

X

- Details

Name:	us-gaap_UnderlyingAssetClassAxis=us-gaap_CorporateDebtSecuritiesMember
Namespace Prefix:
Data Type:	na
Balance Type:
Period Type:

X

- Details

Name:	srt_CreditRatingStandardPoorsAxis=srt_StandardPoorsARatingMember
Namespace Prefix:
Data Type:	na
Balance Type:
Period Type:

X

- Details

Name:	srt_CreditRatingStandardPoorsAxis=srt_StandardPoorsBBBRatingMember
Namespace Prefix:
Data Type:	na
Balance Type:
Period Type:

X

- Details

Name:	us-gaap_UnderlyingAssetClassAxis=us-gaap_SovereignDebtMember
Namespace Prefix:
Data Type:	na
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Period Type: