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Stockholders' Equity - Dividend Limitations (Details) - Principal Life Insurance Company only $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2020 USD ($)
Dividend Limitations
Dividend limitation as percentage of statutory policyholder surplus (as a percent)	10.00%
Dividends that can be paid in upcoming calendar year without exceeding statutory limitation	$ 932.5

X

- Definition

Represents the limitation on stockholder dividends as a percentage of the entity's statutory policyholder surplus as of the preceding year-end.

+ References

No definition available.

+ Details

Name:	pfg_DividendRestrictionPercentageOfPolicyholdersSurplus
Namespace Prefix:	pfg_
Data Type:	num:percentItemType
Balance Type:	na
Period Type:	duration

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- Definition

Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.

+ References

No definition available.

+ Details

Name:	us-gaap_StatutoryAccountingPracticesLineItems
Namespace Prefix:	us-gaap_
Data Type:	xbrli:stringItemType
Balance Type:	na
Period Type:	duration

X

- Definition

Amount of dividends that can be declared or paid without approval of regulatory agency.

+ References

Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 235
-SubTopic 10
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08.(e))
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=120395691&loc=d3e23780-122690

+ Details

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Namespace Prefix:	us-gaap_
Data Type:	xbrli:monetaryItemType
Balance Type:	credit
Period Type:	instant

X

- Details

Name:	dei_LegalEntityAxis=pfg_SubsidiariesPrincipalLifeInsuranceCompanyMember
Namespace Prefix:
Data Type:	na
Balance Type:
Period Type: