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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
_________________________________________________________________
FORM 10-K
(Mark One)
☒ ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the fiscal year ended September 30, 2022
OR
☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from ____ to ____
Commission File No. 1-7463
_________________________________________________________________
Jacobs Solutions Inc.

Delaware |  |  |  | 95-4081636
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) |  |  |  | (IRS Employer identification number)
1999 Bryan Street | Suite 1200 | Dallas | Texas | 75201
(Address of principal executive offices) |  |  |  | (Zip Code)

(214) 583 – 8500
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
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Title of Each Class |  | Trading Symbol(s) | Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered
Common Stock | $1 par value | J | New York Stock Exchange

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None
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Indicate by check-mark if the Registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act: ☒ Yes ☐ No
Indicate by check-mark if the Registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Act. ☐ Yes ☒ No
Indicate by check-mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. ☒ Yes ☐ No
Indicate by check-mark whether the Registrant: has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to submit such files). ☒ Yes ☐ No
Indicate by check-mark whether the Registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer”, “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer |  | ☒ |  | Accelerated filer |  | ☐
Non-accelerated filer |  | ☐ |  | Smaller reporting company |  | ☐
Emerging growth company |  | ☐ |  |  |  |

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management's assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report. ☒
Indicate by check-mark whether the Registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act) ☐ Yes ☒ No
There were 126,332,274 shares of common stock outstandin g as of November 11, 2022. The aggregate market value of the Registrant’s common equity held by non-af filiates was approximately $17.8 billion as of April 1, 2022, based upon the last reported sales price on the New York Stock Exchange on that date.
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
Portions of the Registrant’s definitive proxy statement to be issued in connection with its 2023 annual meeting of shareholders are incorporated by reference into Part III of this Annual Report on Form 10-K where indicated.

JACOBS SOLUTIONS INC.
Fiscal 2022 Annual Report on Form 10-K
Table of Contents

Item |  |  |  |  |  | Page No.
Part I |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | Item 1. |  | Business |  | Page 3
|  | Item 1A. |  | Risk Factors |  | Page 22
|  | Item 1B. |  | Unresolved Staff Comments |  | Page 48
|  | Item 2. |  | Properties |  | Page 48
|  | Item 3. |  | Legal Proceedings |  | Page 49
|  | Item 4. |  | Mine Safety Disclosure |  | Page 49
Part II |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | Item 5. |  | Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities |  | Page 50
|  | Item 6. |  | Selected Financial Data |  | Page 52
|  | Item 7. |  | Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations |  | Page 52
|  | Item 7A. |  | Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk |  | Page 66
|  | Item 8. |  | Financial Statements and Supplementary Data |  | Page 66
|  | Item 9. |  | Changes in and Disagreements With Accountants On Accounting and Financial Disclosure |  | Page 66
|  | Item 9A. |  | Controls and Procedures |  | Page 66
|  | Item 9B. |  | Other Information |  | Page 67
Part III |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | Item 10. |  | Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance |  | Page 68
|  | Item 11. |  | Executive Compensation |  | Page 68
|  | Item 12. |  | Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters |  | Page 68
|  | Item 13. |  | Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence |  | Page 68
|  | Item 14. |  | Principal Accounting Fees and Services |  | Page 68
Part IV |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | Item 15. |  | Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules |  | Page 70
|  |  |  | Signatures |  | Page 74

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PART I
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
In addition to historical information, this Annual Report on Form 10-K contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements are statements that do not directly relate to any historical or current fact. When used herein, words such as "expects," "anticipates," "believes," "seeks," "estimates," "plans," "intends," “future,” “will,” “would,” “could,” “can,” “may,” and similar words are intended to identify forward-looking statements. Examples of forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, statements we make concerning the financial condition and results of operations and our expectations as to our future growth, prospects, financial outlook and business strategy for fiscal 2023 or future fiscal years, our expectations for the percentage of backlog we will realize as revenue in fiscal 2023, and the anticipated benefits of any acquisition or the strategic investment in PA Consulting. You should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements. Although such statements are based on management’s current estimates and expectations and/or currently available competitive, financial, and economic data, forward-looking statements are inherently uncertain and you should not place undue reliance on such statements as actual results may differ materially. We caution the reader that there are a variety of risks, uncertainties and other factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from what is contained, projected or implied by our forward-looking statements. Such factors include our ability to execute on our three-year corporate strategy, including our ability to invest in the tools needed to implement our strategy, competition from existing and future competitors in our target markets, our ability to achieve the cost-savings and synergies contemplated by our recent acquisitions within the expected time frames or to achieve them fully and to successfully integrate acquired businesses while retaining key personnel, the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, and any resulting economic downturn on our results, prospects and opportunities, measures or restrictions imposed by governments and health officials in response to the pandemic, the timing of the award of projects and funding under the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act, financial market risks that may affect the Company's funding obligations under defined benefit pension and postretirement plans, as well as general economic conditions, including inflation and the actions taken by monetary authorities in response to inflation, changes in interest rates and foreign currency exchange rates, changes in capital markets, the possibility of a recession and geopolitical events and conflicts, among others. The impact of such matters includes, but is not limited to, the possible reduction in demand for certain of our product solutions and services and the delay or abandonment of ongoing or anticipated projects due to the financial condition of our clients and suppliers or to governmental budget constraints or changes to governmental budgetary priorities; the inability of our clients to meet their payment obligations in a timely manner or at all; potential issues and risks related to a significant portion of our employees working remotely; illness, travel restrictions and other workforce disruptions that have and could continue to negatively affect our supply chain and our ability to timely and satisfactorily complete our clients’ projects; difficulties associated with retaining and hiring additional employees; and the inability of governments in certain of the countries in which we operate to effectively mitigate the financial or other impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on their economies and workforces and our operations therein. The foregoing factors and potential future developments are inherently uncertain, unpredictable and, in many cases, beyond our control. For a description of these and additional factors that may occur that could cause actual results to differ from our forward-looking statements, see Item 1A— Risk Factors below. We undertake no obligation to release publicly any revisions or updates to any forward-looking statements. We encourage you to read carefully the risk factors described herein and in other documents we file from time to time with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC").
Unless the context otherwise requires, all references herein to "Jacobs" or the "Registrant" are to Jacobs Solutions Inc. and its predecessors, and references to the "Company", "we", "us" or "our" are to Jacobs Solutions Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries. On August 29, 2022, Jacobs Engineering Group Inc. (JEGI), the predecessor to Jacobs Solutions Inc., implemented a holding company structure, which resulted in Jacobs Solutions Inc. becoming the parent company of, and successor issuer to, JEGI. For purposes of this Annual Report, references to the "Company", "we", "us" or "our" or our management or business at any point prior to August 29, 2022 (the "Holding Company Implementation Date") refer to JEGI and its consolidated subsidiaries as the predecessor to Jacobs Solutions Inc.
Item 1. BUSINESS
At Jacobs, we’re challenging today to reinvent tomorrow by solving the world’s most critical problems for thriving cities, resilient environments, mission-critical outcomes, operational advancement, scientific discovery and cutting-edge
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manufacturing, turning abstract ideas into realities that transform the world for good. Leveraging a talent force of more than 60,000, Jacobs provides a full spectrum of professional services including consulting, technical, engineering, scientific and project delivery for the government and private sector.
Our previous three-year corporate strategy launched at our Investor Day in February 2019 focused on innovation and continued transformation to build upon our position as the leading solutions provider for our clients. Setting the wheels in motion for our current path, this transformation included acquiring a 65% stake in PA Consulting Group Limited ("PA Consulting") in fiscal year 2021. Acquisitions of John Wood Group’s nuclear business, The Buffalo Group and most recently BlackLynx and StreetLight further position us as a leader in high-value government services and technology-enabled solutions.
We are now focused on broadening our leadership in sustainable, high growth sectors. As part of our strategy, our new brand promise: Challenging today. Reinventing tomorrow. signals our transition to a global technology-forward solutions company. We began trading as “J” on the New York Stock Exchange in December 2019, and in March 2021 our Global Industry Classifications Standard code changed to Research & Consulting Services. Our Focus 2023 Transformation Office is charged with driving further innovation, delivering value-creating solutions for our clients and leveraging an integrated digital and technology strategy to improve our efficiency and effectiveness, ultimately freeing up valuable time and resources for reinvestment in our people.
In March 2022, Jacobs launched a new three-year strategy that builds on our success over the past three years and takes advantage of a new lens crafted from the incredible pace of change in the world and in our markets. Our new strategy is driven by our values and reflective of our vision of becoming a company like no other. It is based on an extensive evaluation of global trends, capabilities and markets to understand the largest opportunities, projected spend and growth rates – resulting in the identification of three growth accelerators: Climate Response, Consulting & Advisory and Data Solutions. We know we have a pivotal role to play across the entire Climate Response value chain – helping to mitigate global risks and build long-term resilience to benefit people and the planet. Today our clients are facing the most disruptive period ever. Through our Consulting & Advisory capabilities, we help them conceptualize, shape and realize their future. We also harness our Data Solutions to help our clients operate in a safe environment and capitalize on their data more than ever before – empowering innovation and ingenuity to unlock better outcomes.
These growth accelerators cut across the entire business, open up significant high value growth opportunities with existing and new clients and create our focus on where we intend to deploy capital over the next several years.
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Our Core Markets
We believe our deep global domain knowledge in our core markets applied together with the latest advances in technology – are why customers large and small choose to partner with Jacobs. In fiscal year 2022, we operated in two lines of business: Critical Mission Solutions and People & Places Solutions, and a third business segment as a result of our majority investment in PA Consulting. As part of our new strategy, we also announced a new business unit that we will report under beginning in fiscal 2023, Divergent Solutions, which serves as the core foundation for developing and delivering innovative, next-generation cloud, cyber, data and digital technologies.
In the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2022, Jacobs Engineering Group Inc. (the predecessor parent company) created a new holding company, Jacobs Solutions Inc., which became the new parent of Jacobs Engineering Group, Inc. Jacobs Solutions Inc. more closely aligns our public identity with a global technology-forward solutions company. As a result of the transaction, the predecessor company’s then-current stockholders automatically became stockholders of Jacobs Solutions Inc., on a one-for-one basis, with the same number of shares and same ownership percentage of the Company’s common stock that they held in the predecessor company immediately prior to the transaction.
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Challenging today. Reinventing tomorrow
Our values continue to guide our behaviors, relationships and outcomes - allowing us to act as one company and unify us worldwide when interacting with our clients, employees, communities and shareholders.
•We do things right. We always act with integrity – taking responsibility for our work, caring for our people and staying focused on safety and sustainability. We make investments in our clients, people and communities, so we can grow together.
•We challenge the accepted. We know that to create a better future, we must ask the difficult questions. We always stay curious and are not afraid to try new things.
•We aim higher. We do not settle – always looking beyond to raise the bar and deliver with excellence. We are committed to our clients by bringing innovative solutions that lead to profitable growth and shared success.
•We live inclusion. We put people at the heart of our business. We embrace all perspectives, collaborating to make a positive impact. Through a strong focus on inclusion, with a diverse team of visionaries, thinkers and doers, we build trust - in each other and across our company.
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We do things right
From the way we operate our business, to the sustainable solutions we co-create with clients and other organizations, we look at ways to make a positive environmental, societal and economic difference for our people, businesses, governments and communities around the world.
PlanBeyond SM 2.0 is our approach to integrating sustainability throughout our operations and client solutions in alignment with the United Nations' ("UN") Sustainable Development Goals ("SDGs")— planning beyond today for a more sustainable future for everyone. We identified six core SDGs that are material to our business, where we can have the most influence and impact, although we strive to contribute towards all 17 of the UN's SDGs.
Sustainability at Jacobs means developing long-term business resilience and success, and positively contributing toward the global economy, society and the environment. It is not simply about avoiding harm, but about maximizing impact and stakeholder value, and striving to deliver a positive, fair and inclusive future for all in partnership with our clients.
Leadership on Climate Response and Social Value
Jacobs has elevated Climate Response as one of three core accelerators within our fiscal year 2022 to 2024 Company Strategy – aligning positive societal impact with long-term business growth, while supporting the UN's SDG 13: Climate Action. We also established an Office of Global Climate Response and ESG, designed to deliver on our climate action commitments through innovative solutions for both our clients and stakeholders.
Our new Climate Action Plan lays out our next phase of climate mitigation and adaptation commitments, which build on the progress we have made since the release of our initial plan in 2020. Our new climate commitments include:
•Ensuring every project becomes a climate response opportunity
•Achieving Net-Zero greenhouse gas emissions across the value chain by 2040
•Maintaining carbon neutrality status in our operations and business travel and 100% low-carbon electricity for our operations
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We are the first consultancy and one of the world’s first companies with net-zero targets approved by the Science Based Targets initiative. Our carbon neutrality status is in line with the international standard PAS 2060. Detailed in our Carbon Neutrality Commitment, starting in 2020 and throughout fiscal year 2021, we achieved 100% low-carbon electricity and we became carbon neutral for our operations and business travel and continue to maintain these commitments.
Our ESG Disclosures Report shares our Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) performance, reported in alignment with the Sustainability Accounting Standards Board framework. We have achieved industry leading ISS Prime Status for our ESG corporate rating – this is awarded to companies with an ESG performance above the sector-specific Prime threshold, which means that we fulfil ambitious absolute performance requirements. For the second consecutive year in 2021, Jacobs was included in the Dow Jones Sustainability North America Index, reinforcing our position as a sustainability leader among the top 20% of the largest 600 North American companies in the S&P Global Broad Market Index (BMI) based on long-term economic, environmental and social criteria. Our score for 2022 increased 8 points overall year-on-year, and our inclusion in any Dow Jones Index is pending completion of assessment by Standard and Poor's, anticipated to be released in December 2022.
Supporting the UN's SDG 10: Reduced Inequalities, we are integrating social value and equity considerations and innovations into the solutions we deliver for our clients. For example, we developed a Social Value Solutions framework that helps clients create social value and contribute to a more inclusive economy. Our partnership with Simetrica (a U.K.-based organization that specializes in social value measurement and wellbeing analysis) enables us to help clients understand how they can transform local, city and regional decision-making – identifying innovative, inclusive and ethical investments that will drive social change, spread prosperity and meet the growing challenges facing communities.
Jacobs. A world where you can
We put people at the heart of our business: we are a merit-based organization that is inclusive and diverse; we aim to continually recruit and develop the best talent.
We are building an inclusive and diverse culture to provide a solid foundation for selecting, developing and retaining the best and brightest minds at Jacobs. Our eight Jacobs Employee Networks (JENs) play a critical role in attracting new talent into our business, helping to shape our recruiting strategies, our global science, technology, engineering, arts and math (STEAM) education and engagement program, and our accessibility practices.
Conducting our Business with Integrity
Jacobs' ethics and Code of Conduct are rooted in our values and provide the standards and support to help us successfully navigate issues, make the right decisions and conduct our business with the integrity that reflects our heritage and ethical reputation. We hold our suppliers and business partners to the same standards.
Our Culture of Caring
As global challenges to our security, wellbeing and ability to operate evolve, BeyondZero® continues to drive a safer, more secure, healthier, and more resilient future for our Jacobs family. Aligning with the UN's SDG 3: Good Health & Wellbeing, we stay focused on managing Health, Safety and Environment (HSE) and security risks effectively and leveraging our Culture of Caring℠ to deliver the best outcomes for our people, the environment, our clients, our communities and our shareholders. And through our Mental Health Matters program, we empower our workforce, so they know they work in an environment where their mental health and well-being is the top priority and where everyone can "bring their best whole self to work."
Supporting our Communities
We focus on putting our values into practice. Around the world, our people craft solutions that affect the way people live; helping to improve social, environmental and economic resiliency. As part of our PlanBeyond 2.0 sustainability approach, the Collectively℠ program (our Global Giving and Volunteering program) governs and centralizes our giving strategy and budget and provides a user-friendly way for employees to donate and volunteer. In fiscal year 2022, we donated $3.2 million to 3,000+ charities across 26 countries. Our people tracked approximately 23,000 volunteer hours and completed nearly 8,000 volunteer activities.
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We challenge the accepted
To us, everything we do – whether tackling water scarcity, aging infrastructure, access to life-saving therapies or sophisticated cyberattacks – is more than a job. We work every day to make the world better for all.
Supporting UN SDG 9: Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure, we foster a culture of technology and innovation to support the advancement of society. For us, innovation means creating and delivering value and Beyond If SM is our award-winning global innovation program instilling and sustaining our innovation culture. It represents our creativity and agility to challenge the accepted, with the domain expertise to push beyond our boundaries and deliver for today and into tomorrow. We act to turn ideas into reality and create outcomes that deliver value for our clients and society at large.
We aim higher
We take on some of the world’s biggest challenges, bringing a different way of thinking to everything we do, challenging the status quo and questioning what others might accept. We craft solutions that affect the way people live. From vital environmental cleanup efforts, helping communities adapt and thrive to retrofitting vaccine facilities to protect public health, we solve for better, never losing sight of our responsibility to each other.
The table below highlights key focus areas where we combine our deep domain knowledge with advances in technology to deliver solutions to solve our customer's most complex challenges.
BeyondExcellence℠ is our global approach to quality, performance excellence, continual improvement and recognizing those who set the new standard through our awards program. Our BeyondExcellence Awards celebrate those who raise the bar and deliver the extraordinary with excellence. With a core set of processes in place, BeyondExcellence gives us a framework to deliver value on our projects through good governance, assurance and improvement.
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We live inclusion
At Jacobs, we understand that inclusion means going beyond statements, commitments and initiatives to take tangible action that drives meaningful, measurable change both in our company and in the communities that we serve. It means creating a workplace where our differences are harnessed to bring the innovative, extraordinary solutions to life that our clients demand from us. It means creating a culture of belonging where everyone can thrive — a culture that we call TogetherBeyond℠. We also recognize that our Inclusion & Diversity (I&D) and holistic wellbeing efforts really make up the "S" in ESG — the social value and equity considerations for our people as well as the communities we serve.
Our eight JENs promote inclusion and equality, not only within Jacobs but with our clients, potential recruits and within the communities that we serve. The JENs are employee-led and organized, partnering with leadership to shape an inclusive organization and ensure everyone feels that they belong.
Supporting the UN's SDG 10: Reduced Inequalities, our global Action Plan for Advancing Justice and Equality sets out actionable initiatives and measurable objectives to address racial inequalities both within Jacobs and in communities across the world. The plan is about achieving true equality for all our employees current and future, with a focus on empowering our Black employees to advance and achieve at Jacobs. It's about doing our part as a global leader to educate and change the culture in our communities — reaching future talent early to highlight and celebrate their potential.
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We maintain agile and disciplined capital deployment
M&A and Divestitures
Consistent with our profitable growth strategy, Jacobs pursues acquisitions, divestitures, strategic investments and other transactions to maximize long-term value by continuing to reshape its portfolio to higher value solutions and accelerating its profitable growth strategy. The Company has made the following acquisitions, strategic investments and divestitures:
•On February 4, 2022, Jacobs acquired StreetLight Data, Inc. ("StreetLight"). StreetLight is a pioneer of mobility analytics who uses its data and machine learning resources to shed light on mobility and enable users to solve complex transportation problems.
•On November 19, 2021, Jacobs acquired BlackLynx, Inc. ("BlackLynx"), a provider of high-performance software, to complement Jacobs' portfolio of cyber, intelligence and digital solutions.
•On March 2, 2021, Jacobs completed the strategic investment of a 65% interest in PA Consulting, a UK-based leading innovation and transformation consulting firm.
•On November 24, 2020, Jacobs completed the acquisition of Buffalo Group, a leader in advanced cyber and intelligence solutions.
•On March 6, 2020, Jacobs acquired the nuclear consulting, remediation and program management business of John Wood Group, a U.K.-based energy services company.
•On June 12, 2019, Jacobs acquired The KeyW Holding Corporation (“KeyW”), a U.S.-based national security technology solutions provider to the intelligence, cyber, and counterterrorism communities.
•On April 26, 2019, Jacobs completed the sale of its Energy, Chemicals and Resources ("ECR") business to Worley Limited, a company incorporated in Australia ("Worley"). ECR provided engineering and construction services mainly for energy, chemicals and resources sectors. With the sale of ECR, the Company exited direct hire construction and fixed price lump sum energy-related construction.
•On December 15, 2017, Jacobs acquired CH2M, a provider of consulting and other services in the water, environmental, transportation and nuclear remediation sectors.
Share Repurchases
During fiscal 2022, the Company repurcha s ed $281.9 million in shar es.
Shareholder Dividends
During fiscal 2022, the Com pany paid dividends of $0.21 per share in the first quarter and $0.23 per share in the second, third and fourth quarters.
Impact of COVID-19 on Our Business
The COVID-19 pandemic did not have a material impact on our business in fiscal 2022. However, we continue to actively monitor the situation and may take further actions that alter our business operations as may be necessary or appropriate for the health and safety of employees, contractors, customers, suppliers or others or as required by international, federal, state or local authorities.
Based on current estimates, we do not expect any further material business disruptions related to COVID-19 in fiscal 2023.
Looking forward, we continue to embrace and rethink how we will work differently - honing our capabilities to help our clients, innovate and implement. Our reimagined solutions drive resilient outcomes now as the world changes and we face other unprecedented challenges.
For a discussion of risks and uncertainties related to the challenges associated with the effects of disease outbreaks, including COVID-19, and the potential impacts on our business, financial condition and results of operations, see Item 1A - Risk Factors.
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Lines of Business
The services we provided to our markets in fiscal year 2022 fall into the following lines of business (LOB): Critical Mission Solutions (CMS) and People & Places Solutions (P&PS), and a majority investment in PA Consulting (PA), which are also the Company’s reportable segments. As part of the new Company strategy, starting in fiscal year 2023 Jacobs is forming a new enabling platform, Divergent Solutions (DVS), which further strengthens our ability to drive value for our clients. DVS supports both LOBs as the core foundation for developing and delivering innovative, next-generation cloud, cyber, data and digital technologies.
For additional information regarding our segments, including information about our financial results by segment and financial results by geography, see Note 20 - Segment Information of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements beginning on page F-1 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Critical Mission Solutions (CMS)
In fiscal year 2022, our Critical Mission Solutions line of business provided a full spectrum of cyber, data analytics, systems and software application integration services and consulting; enterprise level IT operations and maintenance and mission IT services; engineering and design; software development, testing and mission integration; enterprise operations and maintenance; program management; research, development, test and evaluation services; specialized training and mission operations; environmental remediation; and other highly technical consulting solutions to government agencies as well as commercial customers in the domestic U.S. and international markets. Our representative clients include the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD), the Combatant Commands, the U.S. Intelligence Community, NASA, the U.S. Department of Energy (DoE), the U.K. Ministry of Defence, the U.K. Nuclear Decommissioning Authority (NDA), and the Australian Department of Defence, as well as private sector customers mainly in the aerospace, automotive, energy and telecom sectors.
Serving mission-critical sectors
In fiscal year 2022, CMS served broad sectors, including U.S. Government Services, Cyber, Nuclear Energy, Commercial and International sectors.
The U.S. Government is the world’s largest buyer of technical services, and in fiscal 2022, approximately 73% of CMS’s revenue was earned from serving the DoD, Intelligence Community, DoE and other U.S. Federal Civilian governmental entities.
Trends affecting our government clients include an evolving external threat environment including information and cyber warfare; digital transformation and IT modernization; national security and defense infrastructure modernization; space exploration and domain dominance; intelligent asset management to improve capability and extend the life of aging facilities; research and development of nuclear fission and fusion energy technologies and solutions to accelerate the global green energy transition; and decommissioning and remediation of legacy nuclear sites, all of which are driving demand for our highly technical solutions.
We are also witnessing an increase in the capabilities of unmanned aircraft and hypersonic weapons, which is impacting both offensive and defensive spending priorities among our clients and is a driver for next generation solutions such as C5ISR (command, control, communications, computer, combat systems, intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance) and advanced aeronautical and aerothermal testing, respectively. We are also seeing an increase in space exploration initiatives both from the U.S. government, such as NASA’s Artemis program to return to the moon in 2024, as well as the commercial sector.
Within nuclear energy and as part of our Climate Response, our customers have decades-long initiatives to manage and upgrade existing energy infrastructure, construct new nuclear power plants as well as small and advanced modular reactors, and decommission and remediate end-of-life assets. Our customers also manage critical nuclear facilities supporting national security objectives.
Our international customers, which accounted for 18% of fiscal 2022 revenue, have also increased demand for our IT and advanced infrastructure solutions and nuclear energy capabilities, and the U.K. Ministry of Defence continues to focus on accelerating its strategic innovative and technology focused initiatives.
Leveraging our base market of offering valued technical services to U.S. government customers, CMS also serves commercial markets. In fiscal 2022, approximately 9% of CMS’s revenue was from various U.S. commercial sectors, including the telecommunications sector, which anticipates a large cellular infrastructure build-out from 4G to 5G technology. And like our government facility-based clients, our commercial manufacturing clients are seeking ways to
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improve capabilities, reduce maintenance costs and optimize their facilities with network connected facilities and equipment, which we refer to as Intelligent Asset Management. Many clients in the commercial aerospace and automotive sectors also look to CMS for advanced research and development systems and facilities that enable advanced product development.
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People & Places Solutions (P&PS)
In fiscal 2022, Jacobs' People & Places Solutions line of business provided end-to-end solutions for our clients’ most complex challenges including solutions related to climate change, energy transition, connected mobility, integrated water management, smart cities and vaccine manufacturing. In doing so, we combine deep market-based expertise in each of our chosen sectors - Transportation, Water, Cities & Places, Environmental, Energy & Power, Health & Life Sciences and Advanced Manufacturing.
Our core skills revolve around consulting, planning, science, architecture, design and engineering, as well as infrastructure delivery services and long-term operation of facilities. Solutions may be delivered as standalone professional service engagements, comprehensive program management partnerships, and selective progressive design-build and construction management at-risk delivery services in targeted markets. Increasingly, we are leveraging our data science and technology-enabled expertise with our core skills to deliver positive and enduring outcomes for the clients and communities we serve.
Our clients include national, state and local government in the U.S., Europe, U.K., Middle East, Australia, New Zealand and Asia, as well as multinational and local private sector clients throughout the world.
Serving broad industry sectors that support people and places
Infrastructure modernization; climate action; urbanization; water, food and energy security; strengthening global supply chains and pandemic preparedness; ESG; and digital transformation are driving new challenges and opportunities for our clients. These drivers are highlighting the need for holistic, integrated solutions that draw on our significant domain knowledge across our chosen markets. For example, an airport is now a smart city with extensive operational, cybersecurity, sustainability and autonomous mobility requirements. City master planning now requires advanced analytics to plan for climate adaptation, just and equitable inclusion, and next-generation mobility services. The future of major utilities (water, power/energy, telecommunications) has become highly technology-enabled, leveraging use of digital twins, predictive analytics and smart metering technology to maximize services in the most carbon and commercially efficient manner while protecting the natural environment and the security of supply.
This increase in technology-enabled solutions is a key factor in our growth strategy - both organic and through our recent acquisitions and strategic investments. Our business model is evolving to include proprietary software and analytics to solve modern challenges. A key example of this is in the Transportation sector with the recent acquisition of StreetLight.
The combination of these attributes results in a significant effort to modernize infrastructure around the globe. Key examples include advising transit agencies as they decarbonize vehicle fleets, including the electrification of New York City’s bus fleet - the largest in North America. We design and deliver battery and vehicle manufacturing facilities for private clients across North America and Europe. In the Energy & Power space, we are supporting the buildout of enabling infrastructure supporting the development of offshore wind assets, especially in the northeast United States. Our knowledge in the environmental, water and wastewater, solid waste, aviation and infrastructure markets has made us a top-ranked environmental consultant and we have supported clients with PFAS assessment and remediation at thousands of sites. Finally, we have long-standing partnerships with the world’s leading life sciences firms, designing and delivering advanced facilities that manufacture critical life-changing vaccines and therapies.
A strong foundation of innovative solutions, a culture of sustainability and inclusion, a focus on climate response and resilience, and an expansive consulting and advisory mindset are woven into every project we deliver for the benefit of people and places in the communities we serve.
PA Consulting
Jacobs holds a 65% stake in PA Consulting, the consultancy that is Bringing Ingenuity to Life. Its diverse teams of experts combine innovative thinking and breakthrough technologies to progress further, faster. PA’s clients adapt and transform and together they achieve enduring results. PA Consulting's roughly 4,000 employees work across seven sectors: consumer and manufacturing, defense and security, energy and utilities, financial services, government, health and life sciences, and transport. PA Consulting's people are strategists, innovators, designers, consultants, digital experts, scientists, engineers and technologists. The team operates globally from offices across the U.K., Ireland, U.S., Nordics and Netherlands.
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PA Consulting offers end-to-end innovation, accelerating new growth ideas from concept, through design, development, and to commercial success, and revitalizing organizations, building the leadership, culture, systems and processes to make innovation a reality. PA Consulting has a diverse mix of private and public sector clients, from global household names to start-ups, to national and local public services.
Jacobs and PA Consulting recognize that unprecedented changes in society and technology are creating new opportunities to make a positive impact, and together, the companies are supporting clients to address five key trends: product and service innovation; the future of work; sustainability and climate change; the quest to lead healthier lives; and the challenges of keeping people (and the organizations they work for) safe. PA Consulting’s distinct brand, market positioning and competitive differentiation positions the company well to help clients respond and seize new opportunities.
In the last year, PA Consulting supported the launch of a new Electric Vehicle Infrastructure Fund to drive the roll-out of electric vehicle charging infrastructure in the U.K.; accelerated a new digital customer experience for the international sandwich and coffee chain Pret a Manger; innovated cell and gene therapy manufacturing with Ori Biotech in the US; designed a growth strategy for Green Boom, a US-based start-up that has developed a patent-pending and sustainable way to help prevent, reduce, and clean up oil spills; built and operated a Next Generation Digital Platform for the American College of Emergency Physicians; and digitized the customer experience at Trafikverket, the Swedish Transport Authority. PA Consulting also continued its work with the U.K. government leading the sourcing and distribution of COVID-19 vaccines.
Energy, Chemicals and Resources
ECR Disposition
On April 26, 2019, Jacobs completed the sale of its ECR business to Worley for a purchase price of $3.4 billion consisting of (i) $2.8 billion in cash plus (ii) 58.2 million ordinary shares of Worley, subject to adjustments for changes in working capital and certain other items (the ECR sale).
As a result of the ECR sale, substantially all ECR-related assets and liabilities were sold (the "Disposal Group") and it was determined that the Disposal Group should be reported as discontinued operations in accordance with ASC 210-05, Discontinued Operations because their disposal represented a strategic shift that had a major effect on our operations and financial results. As such, the financial results of the ECR business are reflected in our Consolidated Statements of Earnings as discontinued operations for all periods presented. For further discussion, see Note 16- Sale of Energy, Chemicals and Resources ("ECR") Business to the consolidated financial statements.
Significant Customers
The following table sets forth the percentage of total revenues earned directly or indirectly from agencies of the U.S. federal government for each of the last three fiscal years:

2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2020
31% |  | 33% |  | 33%

Given the percentage of total revenue derived directly from the U.S. federal government, the loss of U.S. federal government agencies as customers could have a material adverse effect on the Company. In addition, any or all of our government contracts could be terminated, we could be suspended or debarred from all government contract work, or payment of our costs could be disallowed. Approximately 84% of revenue derived directly from the U.S. federal government is in the CMS segment. For more information on risks relating to our government contracts, see Item 1A - Risk Factors.
Contracts
While there is considerable variation in the pricing provisions of the contracts we undertake, our contracts generally fall into two broad categories: cost-reimbursable and fixed-price. The following table sets forth the percentages of total revenues represented by these types of contracts for each of the last three fiscal years:

| 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2020
Cost-reimbursable | 74% |  | 76% |  | 76%
Fixed-price, limited risk | 21% |  | 18% |  | 17%
Fixed-price, at risk | 5% |  | 6% |  | 7%

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In accordance with industry practice, most of our contracts (including those with the U.S. federal government) are subject to termination at the discretion of the client, which is discussed in greater detail in Item 1A - Risk Factors. In such situations, our contracts typically provide for reimbursement of costs incurred and payment of fees earned through the date of termination.
Cost-Reimbursable Contracts
Cost-reimbursable contracts generally provide for reimbursement of costs incurred plus an amount of profit. The profit element may be in the form of a simple mark-up applied to the labor costs incurred or it may be in the form of a fee, or a combination of a mark-up and a fee. The fee element can also take several forms. The fee may be a fixed amount; it may be an amount based on a percentage of the costs incurred; or it may be an incentive fee based on targets, milestones, or performance factors defined in the contract.
Fixed-Price Contracts
Fixed-price contracts include both “lump sum bid” contracts and “negotiated fixed-price” contracts. Under lump sum bid contracts, we typically bid against competitors based on client-furnished specifications. This type of pricing presents certain inherent risks, including the possibility of ambiguities in the specifications received, problems with new technologies, and economic and other changes that may occur over the contract period. Additionally, it is not unusual for lump sum bid contracts to lead to an adversarial relationship with clients, which is contrary to our relationship-based business model. Accordingly, lump sum bid contracts are not our preferred form of contract. In contrast, under a negotiated fixed-price contract, we are selected as the contractor first and then we negotiate a price with our client. Negotiated fixed-price contracts frequently exist in single-responsibility arrangements where we perform some portion of the work before negotiating the total price of the project. Thus, although both types of contracts involve a firm price for the client, the lump sum bid contract provides the greater degree of risk to us in our services contracts as well as construction. However, because of economies that may be realized during the contract term, both negotiated fixed-price and lump sum bid contracts may offer greater profit potential than other types of contracts. The Company carefully manages the risk inherent in these types of contracts. In recent years, most of our fixed-price work has been either negotiated fixed-price contracts or lump sum bid contracts for design and/or project services, rather than turnkey construction.
Competition
We compete with a large number of companies across the world including technology consulting, federal IT services, aerospace, defense and engineering firms. Typically, no single company or companies dominate the markets in which we provide services and in many cases we partner with our competitors or other companies to jointly pursue projects. AECOM, Booz Allen, CACI, KBR, Leidos, ManTech, Parsons, SAIC, Tetra Tech, WSP, General Dynamics, Northrop Grumman, Accenture, Altair, Stantec, Montrose, Capgemini, Cognizant, DXC Technology, Fluor, 3LHarris, EPAM Systems, Globant, Endava, Exponent, IBM, Infosys, Deloitte, KPMG, PwC, Perficient, Procure, ICF International, TTEC and Huron are some of our competitors. We compete based on the following factors, among others: technical capabilities, reputation for quality, price of services, safety record, availability of qualified personnel, and ability to timely perform work and contract terms.
Our People
At Jacobs, our people are the heart of our business. With our culture of caring and inclusion as our foundation, we celebrate the differences that drive our collective strength and encourage our employees that there is no limit to who they can be and what we can achieve. Together, we deliver extraordinary solutions for a better tomorrow and live by our employee value statement: "Jacobs. A world where you can."
We know that our people are key to the successful delivery of our bold new strategy. The foundation we built and the culture we fostered give us a strong platform to launch the next step in our journey. Our new strategy further connects our people to our purpose and helps us continue to evolve our culture to support, empower and enable our talent to thrive. We launched the strategy with our employees globally through a robust rollout plan so that everyone could engage, understand and align to the strategy. Through a series of town halls, interactive discussion panels, regional and team strategy workshops, supported by extensive resources and other communications, employees were able to connect their role and the part they play in the overall strategy.
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One essential ingredient that will help us deliver our new strategy is trust. Having trust is important to our culture at Jacobs and to our value, ‘We live inclusion.’ So, we revised our inclusion value to reinforce the idea of building trust – in each other and across the company. It reinforces our emphasis on trust in a highly visible way. Trust enables us to collaborate more seamlessly, work with greater flexibility and agility, and innovate more easily to deliver more effective client solutions and results.
Attracting, Engaging and Developing our Workforce
As of September 30, 2022, we had a workforce of approximately 60,000 people worldwide, including a contingent workforce of approximately 3,300 people. This represents an increase of 7% in our total workforce year-over-year primarily as a result of continued growth in our People & Places Solutions Line of Business. The breakdown of our employees by region is as follows:

Region |  | Percentage of Global Workforce(1)
Americas |  | 58 | %
Europe (including U.K) |  | 24 | %
Asia Pacific (including India) |  | 15 | %
Middle East and Africa |  | 3 | %
(1) Excludes contingent workforce

The success of Jacobs is dependent on our ability to hire, retain, engage and leverage highly qualified employees, across the full spectrum of technical, professional, scientific and consulting disciplines.
We put the spotlight on ensuring that Jacobs is a merit-based organization that is inclusive and diverse; we are building an inclusive culture where all employees feel they belong. Our culture is the foundation for selecting, developing and retaining the best and brightest minds at Jacobs. With a unique network membership of nearly 18,000 people in our eight Jacobs Employee Networks and close to 13,000 in a Community of Practice, our people play a critical role in attracting new talent into our business, helping to shape our recruiting strategies and policies, our science, technology, engineering, arts and math (STEAM) programs, and our accessibility practices. In fiscal 2022, more than 2,600 graduates, interns and apprentices were welcomed to our global team. Our new Navigator program plays an important role in helping people find their place at Jacobs. Employees share their knowledge and experience by becoming a Navigator, the go-to partner for questions in our new employees’ first month on the job. Jacobs was selected for the 2022 WayUp Top 100 Internship Programs List, which considers factors such as how our program is helping interns build a professional community and grow in their careers, to its commitment to advancing inclusion, diversity and equity.
Since the first Jacobs employee survey in 2015, we have tracked employee feedback at a global level and have built on this engagement. In fiscal year 2022, our people provided feedback in our confidential culture survey that explored cultural alignment and engagement. Results were overwhelmingly positive, with the majority of respondents feeling connected to our values, inspired by our culture of integrity, safety, and inclusion — and proud to be part of Jacobs. To continually evaluate progress in the strategic priority areas and identify new opportunities for growth, we are conducting smaller, periodic pulse surveys with employees. The first was deployed in January 2022 and showed that many employees feel comfortable being their unique selves at work, they see the benefits of an increasingly diverse leadership team and feel they can succeed regardless of their backgrounds, they have the flexibility and autonomy to successfully thrive in a hybrid work environment, and they see teamwork as a real strength at Jacobs.
Our unique employee experience platform – e3: engage. excel. elevate. – is not just a system but a mindset for developing our employees through continuous feedback and celebrations, aligning priorities, learning new skills and upskilling knowledge. As of October 13, 2022, 93.5% of our employees who were required to do so have participated in their current annual conversation about their priorities and accomplishments. In fiscal year 2022, our e3 learning platform provided over 26,000 training programs to employees globally. We accelerated talent development in creating sustainable solutions through, for example, the Climate Solutions Accelerator online course (developed in partnership with the Royal Scottish Geographic Society) offered to all employees to help them understand the role they can play in climate change action and continue to develop the critical green skills and solutions needed for our continually evolving world.
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In addition, 555 of our Jacobs leaders have engaged with Amplifi3, a program with top-notch educators, to strengthen inspirational leadership and development of inclusive, innovative teams to enhance strategy engagement and execution across our global organization. This past year we also offered the CEO Leadership Roundtable where 7,800 of Jacobs' people leaders were invited to a series of four programs led by Chair and CEO Steve Demetriou. They engaged on topics such as Jacobs’ leadership philosophy and values; delivering on our strategy and empowering our people; and creating meaningful leadership relationships with teams. In addition, certain employees, who were nominated by their managers, also participated in our Accelerated Development program.
At Jacobs, we have implemented a Talent Steering Committee made up of senior leaders focused on key talent decisions and ongoing leadership development. We initiated a Culture and People Steering Committee with over 40 employees from around the globe to provide input on our talent strategies and to provide a sense check on our various programs.
Our JENs offer mentoring programs that connect members with leaders who understand the unique challenges of their journeys and provide insight and guidance for those looking to elevate their careers. Our Board of Directors is also engaged with our JENs and leadership programs, participating in panel discussions and mentoring events within the Company, and at industry events.
Focus on Inclusion and Diversity
At Jacobs we have a powerful focus on inclusion, with a diverse team of visionaries, thinkers and doers. We embrace all perspectives, collaborating to make a positive impact. Joining, belonging and thriving are Jacobs’ key elements in retaining talent and developing a culture where people want to stay – and a place where you can bring your best, whole self to work.
TogetherBeyond℠ is our approach to living inclusion every day and enabling diversity and equity globally – it is not just about numbers and statistics, but about every one of our people and the collective strength we take from their unique perspectives and ambitions.
Our I&D objectives continue to evolve and are integral to our new strategy which recognizes that by valuing our people and their unique perspectives, we unleash empowerment, innovation and inspiration.
Operationalizing TogetherBeyond is supported by the strength of tangible leadership commitment and accountability at Jacobs. At fiscal year-end 2022, our Board's independent directors were 56% diverse (race and gender), and our Executive Leadership Team was 64% diverse, based on self-reported data.
Having a culture of belonging where everyone can join in and thrive allows us to recruit and retain the best global talent and drive innovative solutions for our business, clients and communities. Through TogetherBeyond, we tackle topics that are important to our employees such as equality, conscious inclusion and allyship. While providing training and resources to our people is important, equally effective are the regular authentic and courageous conversations our grassroots employee networks are creating around these topics.
We hold all leaders accountable to making sure that broad-based-diversity is reflected in their own teams, using data analytics to measure our progress with the same rigor and transparency as our financial performance metrics. We set an objective in 2022 for all our people leaders to have a TogetherBeyond goal and commit to meaningful and measurable inclusion and diversity (I&D) actions. We ask our Senior Vice Presidents and above to annually sign our I&D commitment statement. All-inclusive behaviors are now a key formal component of all our leaders’ performance and compensation reviews, and all leaders at Vice President level and above are encouraged to mentor two or more junior members of staff, at least one of whom must have lived a different experience from themselves (i.e. on the basis of ethnicity, gender, race, geography, disability, sexuality, gender identity or veteran status). This framework supports the UN's SDG 10: Reduced Inequalities and our two essential I&D priorities: Global Action Plan for Advancing Justice and Equality and our aspirational 40:40:20 goal (40% men, 40% women and 20% any gender) — and ensures that we are propelling a new generation of diverse visionary thinkers throughout our company. Our “Be Seen @ Jacobs” data disclosure campaign allows employees around the globe to confidentially and voluntarily report the demographic data they want to report. We anticipate that this will help us enhance our data reporting, giving us a holistic overview of where our diverse talent sits in the business and the ability to identify and address any pay gaps or inequities that may exist.
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As of September 30, 2022, our U.S. employees had the following race and ethnicity demographics based on self-reported data:

|  | September 30, 2022
|  | All U.S. Employees (1)
White |  | 68.7 | %
Hispanic / Latin |  | 9.3 | %
Black |  | 8.1 | %
Asian |  | 7.7 | %
Multiracial |  | 2.7 | %
American Indian or Alaska Native |  | 0.5 | %
Native Hawaiian / Other Pacific Islander |  | 0.4 | %
Not provided |  | 2.6 | %
(1) Includes U.S. employee population only (excludes contingent and craft employees)

Our focus on creating equal opportunities within Jacobs, including historically underrepresented groups, continues to increase as we deliver on the promises laid out in our Global Action Plan for Advancing Justice and Equality (the "Action Plan") launched in fiscal year 2020.
In the Action Plan, we committed to investing $10 million over five years to support STEAM programs in Black communities, increase our support of diverse suppliers, and strengthen our commitment to developing and hiring the best diverse talent. In fiscal year 2022, we invested more than $0.9 million towards this commitment. We launched the Jacobs Equity and Advancement Program, a scholarship program and student engagement plan that provides monetary supplement to Black STEAM education, and also provides opportunities for research, mentorship, and continued STEAM outreach by Jacobs professionals. Examples include a partnership with SEED LA’s new campus in South Los Angeles, scholarships for outstanding Black students at the University of Connecticut and with the Cowrie Scholarship Foundation in the U.K., and a Tier 1 partnership with Howard University where Jacobs is renovating a computer lab and creating five scholarships.
Another key success story driven by the Action Plan is our ongoing commitment to supplier diversity, part of the Action Plan’s goal to “contribute to structural change in the broader society”. We are focusing on intentionally working with minority and veteran-owned small or disadvantaged businesses across the globe, and are working on quantifying diverse supplier spend.
Our Jacobs Employee Networks continue to lead STEAM outreach efforts in the communities that we serve and are working to bring a new generation of diverse visionaries from underrepresented and underserved groups into the industry.
As of September 30, 2022, our global employees had the following gender demographics based on self-reported data:

| September 30, 2022(1)
| Women |  | Men
All employees | 30.5% |  | 69.5%
(1) Excludes contingent workforce and craft employees

Total U.S. diversity (ethnicity & female) was 48.2% (excludes contingent workers and craft employees). In partnership with our Women’s Network, we deliver various workforce diversity initiatives to elevate the value of women in the workplace, while fostering the next generation of professional women. Over the past two years, strategic efforts have included tools and resources to support gender-balanced interview teams, flexible working arrangements, improved caregiver leave, a resource that helps employees navigate different pathways to parenthood, and “Bridge the Gap”, a program that actively supports parents returning to work. We are in constant communication with our employees about their healthcare needs. Following the overturning of Roe v. Wade, we held multiple listening sessions to learn what is important to employees from many aspects. We identified a broad array of support options and work with our healthcare providers to ensure all employees have access to medical care for their unique situations.
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In fiscal year 2022, we were named one of The Times Top 50 Employers for Women 2021, the U.K.’s most highly profiled and well-established listing of employers striving for gender equality in the workplace.
In fiscal year 2022, our U.S. university hiring demographics show hires of 41% female, 57% male, and 2% undisclosed or non-binary gender, as well as 42.5% ethnically diverse employees. Overall U.S. hiring at Jacobs is at 36% for ethnically diverse employees (excludes contingent workers and craft employees) in 2022.
We supported our Prism network to ensure that our LGBTQ+ family is fully included by continuing to establish gender-neutral restrooms, train HR specialists on transgender guidelines and review healthcare plans to ensure they are inclusive. In fiscal 2022, we were named the WGEA Employer of Choice for Gender Equality in Australia and Best Place to Work for LGBTQ+ Equality in the Human Rights Campaign's Corporate Equality Index for the fourth year running, and in the U.K. we ranked #6 in Stonewall's Workplace Equality Index, #1 in their "Construction, Engineering and Property" sector.
Through VetNet, our employee network for veterans, their families and current military reserve members, we continue to work to recruit, develop and retain the best military and veteran talent, partnering with key organizations like Hiring Our Heroes, Boots2Roots and HirePurpose. We were proud to be named by DiversityComm Best of the Best List of veteran-friendly companies in U.S. Veterans Magazine, Top Supplier Diversity Programs in 2022.
Our ACE employee network connects and empowers members living with disability, health challenges or neurodiversity, and those who provide care to others. ACE embraces the social model of disability which aims to identify and remove the social, digital, and physical barriers that create exclusion in the workplace and society in general. In August 2022, we achieved the Clear Assured Gold Standard for Workplace Diversity and Inclusion in the U.K. We also received our first top score of 100 in the 2021 Disability Equality Index, a joint initiative of the American Association of People with Disabilities and Disability:IN, the leading nonprofit resource for business disability inclusion worldwide.
Our One World employee network continues to celebrate cultures around the globe and to foster global connectivity, nurturing and supporting our diverse employees and clients across all ethnicities and cultures.
Through our Jacobs Careers Network (JCN), we empower every employee to maximize their potential and make Jacobs the industry leader and workplace of choice. JCN organizes and supports career-enriching development and networking opportunities in all our geographies.
Looking ahead, we will continue to focus on inclusion, belonging and diversity by:
•Continuing action through our global Action Plan for Advancing Justice and Equality
•Striving to achieve our aspirational goals of creating a more gender-balanced and a more racially/ethnically diverse workforce around the globe to more appropriately reflect the labor markets and communities in which we live and serve
•Amplifying our culture of belonging and helping all employees see the various communities they can engage with at Jacobs so that everyone has a sense of belonging
•Following through on our priority areas identified through our global employee pulse surveys
•Identifying, developing and promoting allies across Jacobs
•Continue our data sharing campaign and enhance data reporting
•Continue to grow the diversity of talent for early career to experience staff through our graduates, interns, apprentices and STEAM education opportunities
•Increase measurement and diversification of our supply chain to increase our impact.
Our Employees’ Safety and Wellbeing
As global challenges to our security, well-being and ability to operate evolve, we stay focused on managing HSE and security risks effectively and leveraging our Culture of Caring℠ to deliver the best outcomes for our people, the environment and our company. Our BeyondZero® program continues to drive a safer, more secure, healthier, and more resilient future for our Jacobs family, our communities and the environment. Our business continuity program to assure business delivery and resilience continues to prove its effectiveness in an ever-changing operational environment.
We also continue to demonstrate safety excellence with another year of zero employee fatalities at work and a total recordable incident rate 1 of 0.18, compared to the North American Industry Classification System’s most recently reported 2 aggregate rate of 0.60.
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We launched an enhanced Global Travel Assistance program in partnership with our new Global Assistance & Response provider, International SOS, helping keep our employees safe and healthy while traveling or on assignment outside their home country.
With the outbreak of the war in Ukraine, our immediate concern has been the safety and well-being of our colleagues and their families in Ukraine — we stayed in close communication, offering support and guidance. Our Employee Assistance Program is available globally to refugees hosted by Jacobs employees as household members. We also launched a humanitarian relief effort through our Collectively Global Giving and Volunteering program.
Our focus on health and well-being supports the UN's SDG 3: Good Health and Wellbeing. Our global well-being program, for example, is about helping our people individually be at their best physically, emotionally, financially and socially – so we’re able to do more together. The program includes Jacobs’ One Million Lives, developed in collaboration with global mental health professionals, to provide a free, publicly available, mental health check-in tool with a resources website that enable users to check their own mental health and access proactive strategies for personal mental health development. Over 26,000 One Million Lives check-ins were completed between December 2020 launch and our fiscal year end 2022. We launched a new Wellbeing Portal for our employees which provides information on supporting all elements of our well-being program. Additionally, our e3 Learning platform provides employees with self-guided learning opportunities in well-being and related topics.
More than 2,400 Positive Mental Health Champions actively support the mental well-being of our employees and one in every 24 employees is trained as a Positive Mental Health Champion. In addition, we continued our One Million Lives resiliency calls every quarter for our employees where we have open conversations to explore mental health related topics that can help us all learn to flourish.
We are committed to continue our work to create an inclusive and innovative organization and are taking action to ensure Jacobs is, and remains, an employer of choice.
1 As at October 15, 2022 and recorded in accordance with OSHA record keeping requirements, but subject to change thereafter due to possible injury/illness classification changes. The TRIR calculation uses the US OSHA formula of ‘Number of Incidents x 200,000 / total number of hours worked in a year’. The 200,000 is the benchmark established by OSHA because it represents the total number of hours 100 employees would log in 50 weeks based on a 40-hour work week.
2 Cited on October 5th, 2022 via U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics - Incidence rates of non-fatal occupational injuries and illnesses by industry and case types, 2020 for NAICS code 54133.
Information About Our Executive Officers
The information required by Paragraph (a), and Paragraphs (c) through (g) of Item 401 of Regulation S-K (except for information required by Paragraph (e) of that Item to the extent the required information pertains to our executive officers) and Item 405 of Regulation S-K is set forth under the caption “Members of the Board of Directors” in our definitive proxy statement to be filed with the SEC pursuant to Regulation 14A within 120 days after the close of our fiscal year and is incorporated herein by reference.
The following table presents the information required by Paragraph (b) of Item 401 of Regulation S-K.

Name |  | Age |  | Position with the Company |  | Year Joined the Company
Steven J. Demetriou |  | 64 |  |  | Chair and Chief Executive Officer |  | 2015
Kevin C. Berryman |  | 63 |  |  | President and Chief Financial Officer |  | 2014
Robert V. Pragada |  | 54 |  |  | President and Chief Operating Officer |  | 2016
Steve Arnette |  | 55 |  |  | Executive Vice President and President, Critical Mission Solutions |  | 1995
Joanne E. Caruso |  | 62 |  |  | Executive Vice President, Chief Legal and Administrative Officer |  | 2012
Patrick X. Hill |  | 49 |  |  | Executive Vice President and President, People & Places Solutions |  | 1998
Shannon Miller |  | 46 |  |  | Executive Vice President and President, Divergent Solutions |  | 1998
William B. Allen, Jr. |  | 58 |  |  | Senior Vice President, Chief Accounting Officer |  | 2016

All of the officers listed in the preceding table serve in their respective capacities at the pleasure of the Board of Directors of the Company.
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Mr. Demetriou joined the Company in August 2015. Mr. Demetriou served as Chairman and CEO of Aleris Corporation for 14 years, a global downstream aluminum producer based in Cleveland, Ohio. Over the course of his career, he has gained broad experience with companies in a range of industries including metals, specialty chemicals, oil & gas, manufacturing and fertilizers.
Mr. Berryman joined the Company in December 2014. Mr. Berryman served as EVP and CFO for five years at International Flavors and Fragrances Inc., an S&P 500 company and leading global creator of flavors and fragrances used in a wide variety of consumer products. Prior to that, he spent 25 years at Nestlé in a number of finance roles including treasury, mergers & acquisitions, strategic planning and control.
Mr. Pragada rejoined the Company in February 2016 after serving as President and Chief Executive Officer of The Brock Group since August 2014. From March 2006 to August 2014 Mr. Pragada served in executive and senior leadership capacities with the Company. Mr. Pragada has been selected by the Board of Directors to succeed Mr. Demetriou as Chief Executive Officer of the Company as of January 24, 2023, when Mr. Demetriou will assume the role of Executive Chair.
Mr. Arnette joined the Company in 1995. Mr. Arnette's career at Jacobs spans more than 25 years in several senior leadership positions, crossing multiple sectors and operations. Most recently he led CMS's largest business unit as Senior Vice President of Advanced Engineering, Research & Operations, serving public and private sector clients around the globe with solutions for complex, mission-essential programs and projects in aerospace, automotive, defense and telecommunications sectors.
Ms. Caruso joined the Company in 2012. Prior to becoming Executive Vice President, Chief Legal and Administrative Officer, Ms. Caruso was Senior Vice President, Chief Administrative Officer, and previously held the positions of Senior Vice President, Global Human Resources and Vice President, Global Litigation. Prior to joining the Company, Ms. Caruso was a partner in two international law firms, Howrey LLP and Baker & Hostetler LLP.
Mr. Hill joined the Company through the SKM acquisition, where he started in 1998. Mr. Hill has served in several senior leadership positions crossing multiple sectors and operations throughout Australia, New Zealand, Asia, Europe, the Middle East and the United States. Prior to his appointment as President – People & Places Solutions, Mr. Hill jointly led People & Places Solutions with day-to-day responsibilities for Jacobs' Buildings and Infrastructure global operations outside of North America.
Ms. Miller joined the Company in 1998. During her almost 25-year career at Jacobs, Ms. Miller has had a rich and varied global journey in operations, sales and functional roles leading cultural and digital transformation for both the company and its markets, including technology, resources, infrastructure, pharmaceutical and consumer products. Most recently Ms. Miller served as Jacobs’ Chief Growth Officer and lead for Enterprise Risk Management.
Mr. Allen joined the Company in October 2016. Mr. Allen served as Vice President, Finance and Principal Accounting Officer at LyondellBasell Industries, N.V. from 2013 to 2016. Prior to that, he was with Albemarle Corporation, where he served as Vice President, Corporate Controller and Chief Accounting Officer from 2009 to 2013 after serving in CFO roles for their Catalysts and Fine Chemistry businesses from 2005 to 2009.
Additional Information
Jacobs was founded in 1947 and incorporated as a Delaware corporation in 1987. We are headquartered in Dallas, Texas, USA. The SEC maintains a site on the Internet that contains reports, proxy and information statements, and other information regarding issuers that file electronically with the SEC. The SEC’s website is http://www.sec.gov. You may also read and download the various reports we file with, or furnish to, the SEC free of charge from our website at www.jacobs.com.
Item 1 A. RISK FACTORS
We operate in a changing global environment that involves numerous known and unknown risks and uncertainties that could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. The risks described below highlight some of the factors that have affected and could affect us in the future. We may also be affected by unknown risks or risks that we currently think are immaterial. If any such events actually occur, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially adversely affected.
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Summary Risk Factors
The following is a summary of some of the risks and uncertainties that could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. You should read this summary together with the more detailed description of each risk factor contained below.
Risks Related to Our Operations
•We engage in a highly competitive business. If we are unable to compete effectively, we could lose market share and our business and results of operations could be negatively impacted.
•Our results of operations depend on the award of new contracts and the timing of the award of these contracts and economic conditions. Demand for our services may be impacted by rising inflation, interest rates, and/or construction costs.
•We may be unable to realize the benefits of implementing our three-year corporate strategy.
•Project sites are inherently dangerous workplaces. Failure to maintain safe work sites exposes us to significant financial losses and reputational harm, as well as civil and criminal liabilities.
•The nature of our contracts, particularly any fixed-price contracts, subjects us to risks of cost overruns. We may experience losses if costs increase above budgets or estimates or the project experiences delays.
•Our failure to meet performance requirements or contractual schedules could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.
•The contracts in our backlog may be adjusted, canceled or suspended by our clients and, therefore, our backlog is not necessarily indicative of our future revenues or earnings.
•Contracts with the U.S. federal government and other governments and their agencies pose additional risks compared to contracts with private sector clients.
•Our services expose us to significant monetary damages or even criminal violations and our insurance policies may not provide adequate coverage.
•The outcome of pending and future claims and litigation could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition, and results of operations and damage our reputation.
•A reduction in the amount of available governmental funding could materially affect our results of operations.
•We are dependent on third parties to complete many of our contracts.
•Employee, agent or partner misconduct, or our overall failure to comply with laws or regulations, could weaken our ability to win contracts, which could result in reduced revenues and profits.
•Cybersecurity or privacy breaches, or systems and information technology interruption or failure could adversely impact our ability to operate or expose us to significant financial losses and reputational harm.
•If we do not have adequate indemnification for our nuclear services, it could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.
•Our actual results could differ from the estimates and assumptions used to prepare our financial statements.
•We may have to contribute additional cash to meet any underfunded benefit obligations associated with retirement and post-retirement benefit plans we manage or for which we have contribution or funding obligations.
•Our businesses could be materially and adversely affected by events outside of our control.
•We must successfully manage the demand, supply and operational challenges associated with the effects of a disease outbreak, including epidemics, pandemics or similar widespread public health concerns.
•Our continued success is dependent upon our ability to hire, retain, and utilize qualified personnel while managing the risks associated with sustained remote working arrangements.
•Our professional reputation and relationships with government agencies are critical to our business, and any harm to our reputation or relationships could decrease the amount of business that government agencies do with us, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
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•Our focus on new growth areas entails risks, including those associated with new relationships, clients, talent needs, capabilities, service offerings, and maintaining our collaborative culture and core values.
Risks Related to International Operations
•Our international operations are exposed to additional risks and uncertainties, including unfavorable political developments and weak foreign economies.
•Foreign exchange risks may affect our ability to realize a profit from certain projects.
•Our global presence could give rise to material fluctuations in our income tax rates.
Risks Related to Acquisitions, Investments, Joint Ventures and Divestitures
•If we, or our subsidiaries or companies in which we have made strategic investments, lose, or experience a significant reduction in, business from one or a few customers, it could have a material adverse impact on us.
•Our use of joint ventures, partnerships and strategic investments in entities exposes us to risks and uncertainties, many of which are outside of our control.
•An impairment charge on our goodwill or intangible assets could have a material adverse impact on our financial position and results of operations.
•Our business strategy relies in part on acquisitions and strategic investments to sustain our growth. These transactions present certain risks and uncertainties.
•We may make minority investments that subject us to risks and uncertainties outside of our control.
Risks Related to Regulatory Compliance
•Past and future environmental, health, and safety laws could impose significant additional costs and liabilities.
•If we fail to comply with any governmental requirements, our business may be adversely affected.
•We could be adversely affected by violations of the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act and similar worldwide anti-bribery laws.
Risks Related to Climate Change
•Climate change and related environmental issues could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
•We may be affected by market or regulatory responses to climate change.
•We may be unable to achieve our climate commitments and targets.
Risks Related to Our Indebtedness and Credit Markets
•We rely in part on liquidity from our credit facilities to fund our business. Restrictions in our credit facilities could adversely impact our business. Our businesses may be adversely affected by disruptions or lack of liquidity in the credit markets, including reduced access to credit and higher costs of obtaining credit.
•Maintaining adequate bonding and letter of credit capacity is necessary for us to successfully win some contracts.
Risks Related to Our Common Stock and Corporate Structure
•Our quarterly results may fluctuate significantly, which could have a material negative effect on the price of our common stock.
•There can be no assurance that we will pay dividends on our common stock.
•In the event we issue stock as consideration for certain acquisitions we may make, we could dilute share ownership, and if we receive stock in connection with a divestiture, the value of stock is subject to fluctuation.
•We are a holding company. Substantially all of our business is conducted through our subsidiaries. We depend on the performance of our subsidiaries and their ability to make distributions to us to fund our operations.
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Risks Related to Our Operations
We engage in a highly competitive business. If we are unable to compete effectively, we could lose market share and our business and results of operations could be negatively impacted.
We face intense competition to provide technical, professional and construction management services to clients. The markets we serve are highly competitive and we compete against a large number of regional, national and multinational companies. The extent and type of our competition varies by industry, geographic area and project type. Our projects are frequently awarded through a competitive procurement process. We are constantly competing for project awards based on pricing, schedule and the breadth and technical sophistication of our services. Competition can place downward pressure on our contract prices and profit margins, which increases the risk that, among other things, we may not realize profit margins at the same rates as we have seen in the past or may become responsible for costs or other liabilities we have not accepted in the past. If we are unable to compete effectively, we may experience a loss of market share or reduced profitability or both, which could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Our results of operations depend on the award of new contracts and the timing of the award of these contracts.
Our revenues depend on new contract awards. Delays in the timing of the awards or cancellations of such projects as a result of economic conditions, material and equipment pricing and availability or other factors could impact our long-term projected results. It is particularly difficult to predict whether or when we will receive large-scale projects as these contracts frequently involve a lengthy and complex procurement and selection process, which is affected by a number of factors, such as market conditions or governmental and environmental approvals. Since a significant portion of our revenues is generated from such projects, our results of operations and cash flows can fluctuate significantly from quarter to quarter depending on the timing of our contract awards and the commencement or progress of work under awarded contracts. Furthermore, many of these contracts are subject to financing contingencies and, as a result, we are subject to the risk that the customer will not be able to secure the necessary financing for the project.
The uncertainty of our contract award timing can also present difficulties in matching workforce size with contract needs. In some cases, we maintain and bear the cost of a ready workforce that is larger than necessary under existing contracts in anticipation of future workforce needs for expected contract awards. When an expected contract award is delayed or not received, we incur additional costs resulting from reductions in staff or redundancy of facilities, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Demand for our services are impacted by economic downturns, reductions in government or private spending and times of political uncertainty.
We provide full spectrum technical and professional solutions to clients operating in a number of sectors and industries, including programs for various national governments, including the U.S. federal government; aerospace; automotive; pharmaceuticals and biotechnology; infrastructure; environmental; nuclear decommissioning; buildings; smart cities; energy and power; water; transportation; telecom and other general industrial and consumer businesses and sectors. These sectors and industries and the resulting demand for our services have been, and we expect will continue to be, subject to significant fluctuations due to a variety of factors beyond our control, including economic conditions and changes in client spending, particularly during periods of economic or political uncertainty.
Uncertain global economic, socioeconomic and political conditions may negatively impact our clients’ ability and willingness to fund their projects, including their ability to raise capital and pay, or timely pay, our invoices. These factors may also cause our clients to reduce their capital expenditures, alter the mix of services purchased, seek more favorable pricing and other contract terms and otherwise slow their spending on our services. For example, in the public sector, declines in state and local tax revenues as well as other economic declines may result in lower state and local government spending. In addition, under such conditions, many of our competitors may be more inclined to take greater or unusual risks or accept terms and conditions in contracts that we might not deem acceptable. These conditions may reduce the demand for our services, which may have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Additionally, uncertain economic, socioeconomic and political conditions may make it difficult for our clients, our vendors, and us to accurately forecast and plan future business activities. We cannot predict the outcome of changing trade policies or other unanticipated socioeconomic or political conditions, nor can we predict the timing, strength or duration of any economic recovery or downturn worldwide or in our clients’ markets. In addition, our business has
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traditionally lagged recoveries in the general economy and, therefore, may not recover as quickly as the economy at large. Weak economic conditions could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition and results of operations. Furthermore, if a significant portion of our clients or projects are concentrated in a specific geographic area or industry, our business may be disproportionately affected by negative trends or economic downturns in those specific geographic areas or industries.
Regardless of economic or socioeconomic or political conditions, investment decisions by our customers may vary by location or as a result of other factors like the availability of labor or relative construction cost. Because we are dependent on the timing and funding of new awards, we are therefore vulnerable to changes in our clients’ markets and investment decisions. As a result, our past results have varied and may continue to vary depending upon the demand for future projects in the markets and the locations in which we operate.
Rising inflation, interest rates, and/or construction costs could reduce the demand for our services as well as decrease our profit on our existing contracts, in particular with respect to our fixed-price contracts.
Rising inflation, interest rates, or construction costs could reduce the demand for our services. In addition, we bear all of the risk of rising inflation with respect to those contracts that are fixed-price. Because a significant portion of our revenues are earned from cost-reimbursable type contracts (approximately 74% during fiscal 2022), the effects of inflation on our financial condition and results of operations over the past few years have been generally minor. However, if we continue to experience inflationary pressures, inflation may have a larger impact on our results of operations in the future, particularly if we expand our business into markets and geographic areas where fixed-price and lump-sum work is more prevalent. Therefore, increases in inflation, interest rates or construction costs could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
We may be unable to realize the benefits of implementing our three-year corporate strategy.
This is a transformative time for the Company. In fiscal 2022, we launched our new three-year corporate strategy after identifying three growth accelerators to achieve our vision for future growth: Climate Response, Consultancy & Advisory and Data Solutions. A key component of our corporate strategy includes creating a new operating segment, Divergent Solutions, which is aligned to our data solutions growth accelerator. Developing a new business carries certain inherent risks, including potential diversion of management’s time and other resources from our previously-established revenue streams, the need for additional capital and other resources to expand this new business, and inefficient integration of operational and management systems and controls. Our success growing and developing the solutions offered by this new business will depend on a variety of factors, some of which may be outside of our control. There can be no assurance that creation of this operating segment will produce the revenues, earnings or business synergies that we anticipate. Additionally, we cannot assure you that our corporate strategy will be successful in achieving our financial growth targets or that we will deliver our anticipated results. The failure to successfully implement our corporate strategy could have a material adverse effect on our business.
Project sites are inherently dangerous workplaces. Failure to maintain safe work sites by us, the owner or others working at the project site can lead to our employees or others becoming injured, disabled or even losing their lives, and exposes us to significant financial losses and reputational harm, as well as civil and criminal liabilities.
Project sites often put our employees and others in close proximity with large pieces of mechanized equipment, moving vehicles, chemical and manufacturing processes and hazardous and highly regulated materials, in a challenging environment and often in geographically remote locations. We may be responsible for safety on some project sites, and, accordingly, we have an obligation to implement effective safety procedures. The failure by us or others working at such sites to implement safety procedures or the implementation of ineffective procedures, or the failure to implement and follow appropriate safety procedures, subjects our employees and others to the risk of injury, disability or loss of life, and subjects us to risk that the completion or commencement of our projects may be delayed and we may be exposed to litigation or investigations. Unsafe work sites also have the potential to increase employee turnover, increase the cost of a project to our clients and raise our operating and insurance costs.
We are also subject to regulations dealing with occupational health and safety. Although we maintain functional groups whose primary purpose is to ensure we implement effective HSE work procedures throughout our organization, including project sites and maintenance sites, the failure to comply with such regulations could subject us to liability. In addition, despite the work of our functional groups, we cannot guarantee the safety of our personnel or that there will be no damage to or loss of our work, equipment or supplies.
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Our safety record is critical to our reputation. Many of our clients require that we meet certain safety criteria to be eligible to bid for contracts and many contracts provide for automatic termination or forfeiture of some or all of our contract fees or profit in the event we fail to meet certain measures.
For all of the foregoing reasons, if we fail to maintain adequate safety standards, we could suffer harm to our reputation, reduced profitability or the loss of projects or clients, which could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
The nature of our contracts, particularly any fixed-price contracts, subjects us to risks of cost overruns. We may experience reduced profits or losses if costs increase above budgets or estimates or the project experiences delays.
For fiscal 2022, approximately 26% of our revenues were earned under fixed-price contracts. Both fixed-price and many cost-reimbursable contracts require us to estimate the total cost of the project in advance of our performance. For fixed-price contracts, we may benefit from any cost-savings, but we bear greater risk of paying some, if not all, of any cost overruns. Fixed-price contracts are established in part on proposed designs, which may be partial or incomplete, cost and scheduling estimates that are based on a number of assumptions, including those about future economic conditions, commodity and other materials pricing and cost and availability of labor (including the cost of any related benefits or entitlements), equipment and materials and other exigencies. Cost overruns can occur, leading to reduced profits or, in some cases, a loss for that project for a variety of reasons, including if the design or the estimates prove inaccurate or if circumstances change due to, among other things, unanticipated technical problems, difficulties in obtaining permits or approvals, changes in local laws or labor conditions, weather or other delays beyond our control, changes in the costs of equipment or raw materials, our vendors’ or subcontractors’ inability or failure to perform, or changes in general economic conditions and inflationary pressures. We may present change orders and claims to our clients, subcontractors and vendors for, among other things, additional costs exceeding the original contract price. If we fail to properly document the nature of our claims and change orders, or are otherwise unsuccessful in negotiating reasonable settlements with our clients, subcontractors and vendors, we will likely incur cost overruns, reduced profits or, in some cases, result in a loss for a project. These risks are exacerbated for projects with long-term durations because there is an increased risk that the circumstances on which we based our original estimates will change in a manner that increases costs. The occurrence of significant costs overruns could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Our failure to meet performance requirements or contractual schedules could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Many of our contracts require us to satisfy specific progress or performance milestones in order to receive payment from the customer. As a result, we often incur significant costs for engineering, materials, components, equipment, labor or subcontractors prior to receipt of payment from a customer, which may impact our liquidity. In some circumstances, we may incur penalties if we do not achieve project completion by a scheduled date. In some cases, the occurrence of delays may be due to factors outside of our control, such as due to supply chain shortages.
Our contracts that are fundamentally cost reimbursable in nature may also present a risk to the extent the final cost on a project exceeds the amount the customer expected or budgeted. Like fixed-price contracts, the expected cost of cost-reimbursable projects is based in part on partial design and our estimates of the resources and time necessary to perform such contracts. A portion of the fee is often linked to these estimates and the related final cost and schedule objectives, and if for whatever reason these objectives are not met, the project may be less profitable than we expect or even result in losses.
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The contracts in our backlog may be adjusted, canceled or suspended by our clients and, therefore, our backlog is not necessarily indicative of our future revenues or earnings.
Backlog represents estimates of the total dollar amount of revenues we expect to record in the future as a result of performing work under contracts that have been awarded to us. As of the end of fiscal 2022, our backlog totaled approximately $27.9 billion. There is no assurance that backlog will actually be realized as revenues in the amounts reported or, if realized, will result in profits. In accordance with industry practice, substantially all of our contracts, including our U.S. government work, are subject to cancellation, termination, or suspension at the discretion of the client, and may be subject to changes in the scope of services to be provided, as well as adjustments to the costs relating to the contracts. In the event of a project cancellation, we would generally have no contractual right to the total revenue reflected in our backlog. Projects can remain in backlog for extended periods of time because of the nature of the project and the timing of the particular services required by the project. The risk of contracts in backlog being canceled or suspended generally increases during periods of widespread economic slowdowns or in response to changes in commodity prices.
In some markets, there is a continuing trend towards cost-reimbursable contracts with incentive-fee arrangements. Typically, our incentive fees are based on such things as achievement of target completion dates or target costs, overall safety performance, overall client satisfaction and other performance criteria. If we fail to meet such targets or achieve the expected performance standards, we may receive a lower, or even zero, incentive fee resulting in lower gross margins. Accordingly, there is no assurance that the contracts in backlog, assuming they produce the revenues currently expected, will generate gross margins at the rates we have realized in the past.
Contracts with the U.S. federal government and other governments and their agencies pose additional risks compared to contracts with private sector clients.
We depend on contracts with the U.S. federal government and other governments and their agencies. The U.S. federal government represented approximately 31% of our total revenue in fiscal 2022. These contracts, which are a significant source of our revenue and profit, are subject to additional risks compared to contracts with private sector clients:
•Some of our contracts are long-term government contracts, which are only funded on an annual basis. In addition, public-supported financing, such as state and local municipal bonds may be only partially raised to support existing infrastructure projects. As a result, at the beginning of a program, the related contract is only partially funded, and additional funding is normally committed only as appropriations are made in each fiscal year. If appropriations for funding are not made in subsequent years of a multiple-year contract, we may not be able to realize all of our anticipated revenue and profits from that project. U.S. government shutdowns or any related under-staffing of the government departments or agencies that interact with our business could result in program cancellations, disruptions and/or stop work orders, could limit the government’s ability to effectively progress programs and make timely payments, and could limit our ability to perform on our existing U.S. government contracts and successfully compete for new work. Governments are typically under no obligation to maintain funding at any specific level, and funds for government programs may even be eliminated. The U.S. government may also shift its spending focus away from areas, such as defense and space exploration, and towards other areas in which we do not currently provide services.
•Our contracts with governmental agencies are subject to audit, investigations and proceedings which could result in adjustments to reimbursable contract costs or, if we are charged with wrongdoing, possible temporary or permanent suspension from participating in government programs, and a variety of penalties can be imposed on us including monetary damages and criminal and civil penalties.
•Governmental agencies may modify, curtail or terminate our contracts at any time prior to their completion and, if we do not replace them, we may suffer a decline in revenue. In addition, for some assignments, the U.S. government may attempt to “insource” the services to government employees rather than outsource to a contractor.
•Most government contracts are awarded through a rigorous competitive process, which may emphasize price over other qualitative factors. The U.S. federal government has increasingly relied upon multiple-year contracts with multiple contractors that generally require those contractors to engage in an additional competitive procurement process for each task order issued under a contract. This process may result in us facing significant additional pricing pressure and uncertainty and incurring additional costs.
•We may not be awarded government contracts because of existing policies designed to protect small businesses and under-represented minorities.
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◦Government contracts are subject to specific procurement regulations and a variety of other socio-economic requirements, which affect how we transact business with our clients and, in some instances, impose additional costs on our business operations. For example, for contracts with the U.S. federal government, we must comply with the Federal Acquisition Regulation, the Truth in Negotiations Act, the Cost Accounting Standards, and numerous regulations governing environmental protection and employment practices. Government contracts also contain terms that expose us to heightened levels of risk and potential liability than non-government contracts. This includes, for example, unlimited indemnification obligations.
•Many of our federal government contracts require us to have security clearances, which can be difficult and time consuming to obtain. If our employees or our facilities are unable to obtain or retain the necessary security clearances, our clients could terminate or not renew existing contracts or award us new contracts, which could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition and results of operations could be negatively impacted.
These various uncertainties, restrictions, and regulations including oversight audits by government authorities as well as profit and cost controls, could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Our services expose us to significant monetary damages or even criminal violations and our insurance policies may not provide adequate coverage.
We provide services that are subject to professional standards and qualifications, including providing services that are based on our professional engineering expertise, as well as our other professional credentials. These services must comply with various professional standards, duties and obligations regulating the performance of such services. Our engineering practice, for example, involves professional judgments regarding the planning, design, development, construction, operations and management of industrial facilities and public infrastructure projects. We also issue reports and opinions to clients based on our professional expertise, such as issuing opinions and reports to government clients in connection with securities offerings. While we do not generally accept liability for consequential damages in our contracts, and although we have adopted a range of insurance, risk management and risk avoidance programs designed to reduce potential liabilities, we may be deemed to be responsible for these professional judgments, recommendations or opinions if they are later determined to be inaccurate, or if a catastrophic event or other failure occurs at one of our project sites or completed projects. Any unfavorable legal ruling against us could result in substantial monetary damages, disqualification to perform services in the future, or even criminal violations.
Such events could result in significant professional or product liability and warranty or other claims against us that could be highly publicized and have reputational harm, especially if public safety is impacted. We could also be liable to third parties, including through class actions, even if we are not contractually bound to those third parties. These liabilities could exceed our insurance limits or the fees we generate, may not be covered by insurance at all due to various exclusions in our coverage and could impact our ability to obtain insurance in the future. Further, even where coverage applies, the policies have limits and deductibles or retentions, which results in our assumption of exposure for certain amounts with respect to any claim filed against us. In addition, indemnification from clients or subcontractors may not be available. An uninsured claim, either in part or in whole, as well as any claim covered by insurance but subject to a policy limit, high deductible and/or retention, if successful and of a material magnitude, could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
The outcome of pending and future claims and litigation could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition, and results of operations and damage our reputation.
We are a party to claims and litigation in the normal course of business, including litigation inherited through acquisitions. Since we engage in engineering and construction activities for large facilities and projects where design, construction or systems failures can result in substantial injury or damage to employees or others, we are exposed to substantial claims and litigation and investigations due to the failure at any such facility or project. Such claims could relate to, among other things, personal injury, loss of life, business interruption, property damage, or pollution and environmental damage, and be brought by our clients or third parties, such as those who use or reside near our clients’ projects. We can also be exposed to claims if we agreed that a project will achieve certain performance standards or satisfy certain technical requirements and those standards or requirements are not met. In many of our contracts with clients, subcontractors and vendors, we agree to retain or assume potential liabilities for damages, penalties, losses and other exposures relating to projects that could result in claims that greatly exceed the anticipated profits relating to those
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contracts. In addition, while clients and subcontractors may agree to indemnify us against certain liabilities, such third parties may refuse or be unable to pay us.
With a workforce of approximately 60,000 people globally, we are also party to labor and employment claims in the normal course of business. Certain of these claims relate to allegations of harassment and discrimination, pay equity, denial of benefits, wage and hour violations, whistleblower protections, concerted protected activity, and other employment protections, and may be pursued on an individual or class action basis depending on applicable laws and regulations. Some of such claims may be insurable, while other such claims may not.
We maintain insurance coverage for various aspects of our business and operations. Our insurance programs have varying coverage limits as well as exclusions for matters such as fraud, and insurance companies can, and sometimes do, attempt to deny claims for which we seek coverage. In addition, we have elected to retain a portion of losses that may occur through the use of various deductibles, retentions and limits under these programs. As a result, we may be subject to future liability for which we are only partially insured, or completely uninsured.
In addition, claims received from subcontractors or made by us for change orders can be the subject of lengthy negotiations, arbitration or litigation proceedings, which could result in the investment of significant amounts of working capital pending the resolution of the relevant change orders and claims. A failure to promptly recover on these types of claims could have a material adverse impact on our liquidity and financial results. Additionally, irrespective of how well we document the nature of our claims and change orders, the cost to prosecute and defend claims and change orders can be significant.
Litigation and regulatory proceedings are subject to inherent uncertainties and unfavorable rulings can and do occur. Pending or future claims against us could result in professional liability, product liability, criminal liability, warranty obligations, default under our credit agreements and other liabilities which, to the extent we are not insured against a loss or our insurer fails to provide coverage, could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition, and results of operations and damage our reputation.
Unavailability or cancellation of third-party insurance coverage could increase our overall risk exposure as well as disrupt the management of our business operations.
We maintain insurance coverage from third-party insurers as part of our overall risk management strategy and because some of our contracts require us to maintain specific insurance coverage limits. Catastrophic events, litigation claims and other market factors can result in decreased coverage limits, coverage that is more limited, increased premium costs or higher deductibles and/or retentions. If any of our third-party insurers fail, suddenly cancel our coverage or otherwise are unable to provide us with adequate insurance coverage, then our overall risk exposure and our operational expenses could increase, and the management of our business operations could be disrupted. In addition, there can be no assurance that any of our existing insurance coverage will be renewable upon the expiration of the coverage period or that future coverage will be affordable at the required limits.
A reduction in the amount of available governmental funding could materially affect our results of operations.
Historically, we have benefited from both domestic and international government investment programs that provide funding for our services, and we expect to continue to benefit from bills such as the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act, the CHIPS and Science Act and the Inflation Reduction Act. While spending and stimulus bills are expected to provide funding in many of the markets in which we operate, we may not be able to obtain the expected benefits from these bills or similar bills in the future. In addition, the timing of funding awards under these bills is uncertain. A reduction in the amount of governmental funding available could materially affect our results of operations.
We are dependent on third parties to complete many of our contracts.
Third-party subcontractors we hire perform a significant amount of the work performed under our contracts. We also rely on third-party equipment manufacturers or suppliers to provide much of the equipment and materials used for projects. If we are unable to hire qualified subcontractors or find qualified equipment manufacturers or suppliers, our ability to successfully complete a project will be impaired. If we are not able to locate qualified third-party subcontractors or the amount we are required to pay for subcontractors or equipment and supplies exceeds what we have estimated, especially in a lump sum or a fixed-price contract, we may suffer losses on these contracts. If a subcontractor, supplier, or manufacturer fails to provide services, supplies, parts or equipment as required under a contract for any reason, or fails to
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provide such services, supplies, parts or equipment in accordance with applicable quality standards as required by the contract or regulation, we will be required to source these services, equipment, parts or supplies to other third parties on a delayed basis or on less favorable terms, which could impact contract profitability and/or could result in claims against us for damages. We are subject to disputes with our subcontractors from time to time relating to, among other things, the quality and timeliness of work performed, customer concerns about the subcontractor, or our failure to extend existing task orders or issue new task orders under a contract. In addition, faulty workmanship, equipment or materials would likely impact the overall project, which could result in claims against us for failure to meet required project specifications.
In an uncertain or downturn economic environment, third parties may find it difficult to obtain sufficient financing to help fund their operations. The inability to obtain financing could adversely affect a third party’s ability to provide materials, equipment or services which could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition, and results of operations. In addition, a failure by a third party subcontractor, supplier or manufacturer to comply with applicable laws, regulations or client requirements could negatively impact our business and, for government clients, could result in fines, penalties, suspension or even debarment being imposed on us, which could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
Employee, agent or partner misconduct, or our overall failure to comply with laws or regulations, could weaken our ability to win contracts, which could result in reduced revenues and profits.
We are subject to the risk of misconduct, fraud, non-compliance with applicable laws and regulations, or other improper activities by one of our employees, agents or partners, which could have a significant negative impact on our business and reputation. Such misconduct includes the failure to comply with government procurement regulations, regulations regarding the protection of classified information, regulations prohibiting bribery and other corrupt practices, regulations regarding the pricing of labor and other costs in government contracts, regulations on lobbying or similar activities, regulations pertaining to the internal controls over financial reporting, regulations pertaining to export control, environmental laws, employee wages, pay and benefits, and any other applicable laws or regulations. For example, we routinely provide services that may be highly sensitive or that relate to critical national security matters; if a security breach were to occur, our ability to procure future government contracts could be severely limited. The precautions we take to prevent and detect these activities may not be effective and we could face unknown risks or losses. Our failure to comply with applicable laws or regulations, or acts of misconduct subjects us to the risk of fines and penalties, cancellation of contracts, loss of security clearance and suspension or debarment from contracting, any of which could weaken our ability to win contracts and result in reduced revenues and profits and could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Cybersecurity or privacy breaches, or systems and information technology interruption or failure could adversely impact our ability to operate or expose us to significant financial losses and reputational harm.
We may experience interruptions, errors and delays in our information technology systems. In the event we are unable to maintain or improve the efficiency and efficacy of our systems, the operation of such systems could be subjected to additional interruption or could result in the loss, corruption, or release of data. In addition, our computer and communication systems and operations could be damaged or interrupted by natural disasters, force majeure events, telecommunications failures, power loss, acts of war or terrorism, computer viruses, malicious code, physical or electronic security breaches, intentional or inadvertent user misuse or error or similar events or disruptions. Any of these or other events could cause interruptions, delays, loss of critical and/or sensitive data or similar effects, which could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition, protection of intellectual property and results of operations, as well as those of our clients.
Our information technology systems, which have grown over time, including through acquisitions, have, and will continue to experience threats, including unauthorized access, computer hackers, computer viruses, malicious code, ransomware, phishing, organized cyber-attacks and other security problems and system disruptions, including unauthorized access to and disclosure of our and our clients’ proprietary or classified information. Such tactics have caused, and may also seek to cause in the future, payments due to or from the Company to be misdirected to fraudulent accounts, which may not be recoverable by the Company.
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While we have security measures and technology in place designed to protect our and our clients’ proprietary or classified information, there can be no assurance that our efforts will prevent all threats to our computer systems. Because the techniques used to obtain unauthorized access or sabotage systems change frequently, become more sophisticated and generally are not identified until they are launched against a target, we may be unable to anticipate these techniques or to implement adequate preventative measures. As a result, we may be required to expend significant resources to protect against the threat of system disruptions and security breaches or to alleviate problems caused by these disruptions and breaches. Any of these events could damage our reputation, cause us to incur significant liability and have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
We continuously evaluate the need to upgrade and/or replace our systems and network infrastructure to protect our computing environment, to stay current on vendor supported products and to improve the efficiency of our systems and for other business reasons. The implementation of new systems and information technology could adversely impact our operations by imposing substantial capital expenditures, demands on management time and risks of delays or difficulties in transitioning to new systems. In addition, our systems implementations may not result in productivity improvements at the levels anticipated. Systems implementation disruption and any other information technology disruption, if not anticipated and appropriately mitigated, could have a material adverse effect on our business.
In addition, laws and regulations governing data privacy and the unauthorized disclosure of personal data, including the European Union General Data Protection Regulation ("GDPR"), the United Kingdom Data Protection Act, the California Consumer Privacy Act, the California Privacy Rights Act, and other emerging U.S. state and global privacy laws pose increasingly complex compliance challenges and potentially elevate costs and may require changes to our business practices resulting from the variation of regulatory requirements and increased enforcement frequency. Failure to comply with these laws and regulations, including related regulatory enforcement and/or private litigation resulting from a potential privacy breach, could result in governmental investigations, significant fines and penalties, damages from private causes of action, or reputational harm. Additionally, we are subject to laws, rules, and regulations regarding cross-border transfers of personal data, including laws relating to transfer of personal data outside the European Economic Area. If we cannot rely on existing mechanisms for transferring personal data, we may be unable to transfer personal data of employees and clients in those regions, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and operating results.
We may not be able to protect our intellectual property or that of our clients.
Our technology and intellectual property provide us, in certain instances, with a competitive advantage. Although we seek to protect our property through registration, licensing, contractual arrangements, security controls and similar mechanisms, we may not be able to successfully preserve our rights and they could be invalidated, circumvented, challenged or become obsolete. Trade secrets are generally difficult to protect. Our employees and contractors are subject to confidentiality obligations, but this protection may be inadequate to deter or prevent misappropriation of our confidential information and/or infringement of our intellectual property. In addition, the laws of some foreign countries in which we operate do not protect intellectual property rights to the same extent as the U.S. If we are unable to protect and maintain our intellectual property rights or if there are any successful intellectual property challenges or infringement proceedings against us, our ability to differentiate our service offerings could be reduced. Litigation to determine the scope of intellectual property rights, even if ultimately successful, could be costly and could divert leadership’s attention away from other aspects of our business.
We also hold licenses from third parties which may be utilized in our business operations. If we are no longer able to license such technology on commercially reasonable terms or otherwise, our business and financial performance could be adversely affected.
If our intellectual property rights or work processes become obsolete, we may not be able to differentiate our service offerings and some of our competitors may be able to offer more attractive services to our customers. Our competitors may independently attempt to develop or obtain access to technologies that are similar or superior to our technologies.
Our clients or other third parties may also provide us with their technology and intellectual property. There is a risk we may not sufficiently protect our or their information from improper use or dissemination and, as a result, could be subject to claims and litigation and resulting liabilities, loss of contracts or other consequences that could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
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Assertions by third parties of infringement, misappropriation or other violations by us of their intellectual property rights could result in significant costs and substantially harm our business, financial condition and operation results.
In recent years, there has been significant litigation involving intellectual property rights in technology industries. We may face from time to time, allegations that we or a supplier or customer have violated the rights of third parties, including patent, trademark, and other intellectual property rights. If, with respect to any claim against us for violation of third-party intellectual property rights, we are unable to prevail in the litigation or retain or obtain sufficient rights or develop non-infringing intellectual property or otherwise alter our business practices on a timely or cost-efficient basis, our business, financial condition or results of operations may be adversely affected.
Any infringement, misappropriation or related claims, whether or not meritorious, are time consuming, divert technical and management personnel, and are costly to resolve. As a result of any such dispute, we may have to develop non-infringing technology, pay damages, enter into royalty or licensing agreements, cease utilizing products or services, or take other actions to resolve the claims. These actions, if required, may be costly or unavailable on terms acceptable to us.
If we do not have adequate indemnification for our nuclear services, it could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.
The Price-Anderson Nuclear Industries Indemnity Act, commonly called the Price-Anderson Act (“PAA”), is a U.S. federal law, which, among other things, regulates radioactive materials and the nuclear energy industry, including liability and compensation in the event of nuclear related incidents. The PAA provides certain protections and indemnification to nuclear energy plant operators and U.S. Department of Energy (“DoE”) contractors. The PAA protections and indemnification apply to us as part of our services to the U.S. nuclear energy industry and DoE for new facilities, maintenance, modification, decontamination and decommissioning of nuclear energy, weapons and research facilities.
We offer similar services in other jurisdictions outside the U.S. For those jurisdictions, varying levels of nuclear liability protection is provided by international treaties, and/or domestic laws, such as the Nuclear Liability and Compensation Act of Canada and the Nuclear Installations Act of the United Kingdom, insurance and/or assets of the nuclear installation operators (some of which are backed by governments) as well as under appropriate enforceable contractual indemnifications and hold-harmless provisions. These protections and indemnifications, however, may not cover all of our liability that could arise in the performance of these services. To the extent the PAA or other protections and indemnifications do not apply to our services, the cost of losses associated with liability not covered by the available protections and indemnifications, or by virtue of our loss of business because of these added costs could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Our actual results could differ from the estimates and assumptions used to prepare our financial statements.
In preparing our financial statements, our leadership is required under U.S. GAAP to make estimates and assumptions as of the date of the financial statements. These estimates and assumptions affect the reported values of assets, liabilities, revenue and expenses and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. Areas requiring significant estimates by our leadership include:
•Recognition of contract revenue, costs, profit or losses in applying the principles of percentage of completion accounting;
•Estimated amounts for expected project losses, warranty costs, contract close-out or other costs;
•Recognition of recoveries under contract change orders or claims;
•Collectability of billed and unbilled accounts receivable and the need and amount of any allowance for doubtful accounts;
•Estimates of other liabilities, including litigation and insurance revenues/reserves and reserves necessary for self-insured risks;
•Accruals for estimated liabilities, including litigation reserves;
•Valuation of assets acquired, and liabilities, goodwill, and intangible assets assumed, in acquisitions and ongoing assessment of impairment;
•Valuation estimates for redeemable noncontrolling interests calculations;
•Valuation of stock-based compensation;
•The determination of liabilities under pension and other post-retirement benefit programs; and
•Income tax provisions and related valuation allowances.
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Our actual business and financial results could differ from our estimates of such results, which could have a material adverse impact on our financial condition and results of operations.
Impairment of long-lived assets or restructuring activities may require us to record a significant charge to earnings.
Our long-lived assets, including our lease right-of-use assets, equity investments and others, are subject to periodic testing for impairment. Failure to achieve sufficient levels of cash flow at the asset group level has resulted in, and could result in additional, impairment of our long-lived assets. Further changes in the business environment could lead to changes in the scope of operations of our business. These changes, including the closure of one or more offices, could result in restructuring and/or asset impairment charges. The COVID-19 pandemic raises the possibility of an extended global economic downturn which increase the risk of long-lived asset impairment charges.
We may have to contribute additional cash to meet any underfunded benefit obligations associated with retirement and post-retirement benefit plans we manage or for which we have contribution or funding obligations.
We have various employee benefit plan obligations that require us to make contributions to satisfy, over time, our underfunded benefit obligations, which are generally determined by calculating the projected benefit obligations minus the fair value of plan assets. For example, as of September 30, 2022 and October 1, 2021, our defined benefit pension and post-retirement benefit plans were underfunded by $81.2 million and $191.4 million, respectively. See Note 13- Pension and Other Postretirement Benefit Plans in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements beginning on page F-1 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for additional disclosure. In the future, our benefit plan obligations may increase or decrease depending on changes in the levels of interest rates, pension plan asset performance and other factors. If we are required to contribute a significant amount of the deficit for underfunded benefit plans, our cash flows could be materially and adversely affected.
We are also a participating employer in various Multi-Employer Pension Plans ("MEPPs") associated with some of the work we perform on a union basis, which MEPPs are managed by third party trusts and over which we have no control, including as to how the MEPPs are managed or financial investment decisions are made. If any of these MEPPs is underfunded, we could face the imposition of underfunded liability or withdrawal liability at a materially adverse level.
Our businesses could be materially and adversely affected by events outside of our control.
Extraordinary or force majeure events beyond our control, such as natural or man-made disasters, could negatively impact our ability to operate. As an example, from time to time we face unexpected severe weather conditions which may result in weather-related delays that are not always reimbursable under a fixed-price contract; evacuation of personnel and curtailment of services; increased labor and material costs in areas resulting from weather-related damage and subsequent increased demand for labor and materials for repairing and rebuilding; inability to deliver materials, equipment and personnel to job sites in accordance with contract schedules; and loss of productivity. We may remain obligated to perform our services after any such natural or man-made event, unless a force majeure clause or other contractual provision provides us with relief from our contractual obligations. If we are not able to react quickly to such events, or if a high concentration of our projects are in a specific geographic region that suffers from a natural or man-made catastrophe, our operations may be significantly affected, which could have a material adverse impact on our operations. In addition, if we cannot complete our contracts on time, we may be subject to potential liability claims by our clients which may reduce our profits.
We must successfully manage the demand, supply and operational challenges associated with the effects of disease outbreaks, including epidemics, pandemics or similar widespread public health concerns.
Our business may be negatively impacted by disease outbreaks, epidemics, pandemics, or similar widespread public health concerns, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, including as a result of fear of exposure to, or actual effects of, any diseases, or the measures that international, federal, state and local public health and other governmental authorities implement to address it.
Despite the availability of vaccines in some geographies, COVID-19 continues to spread throughout the United States and globally, including in regions where we have significant operations and personnel, and uncertainties exist as to the efficacy of vaccines against new variants or mutations of COVID-19. Although there has been an easing of restrictions, such as “stay at home” orders and social distancing, in certain jurisdictions, some of these restrictions have been reinstated in other jurisdictions, or could be reinstated in the future, to manage a resurgence or new outbreak of COVID-19 or other
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disease outbreaks, including in connection with new variants or mutations of the virus. In addition, the reopening of businesses and economies in certain countries is creating a variety of new challenges, including, for example, higher prices for goods and services, limited availability of products, and disruptions to supply chains. As such, the duration, severity of its effects and ultimate impact to the world’s population and the global economy are still unknown.
The effects of disease outbreaks, including epidemics, pandemics or similar widespread public health concerns may adversely affect certain elements of our business, including, but not limited to, the following:
•There may be reductions in demand for certain of our services and the delay or abandonment of ongoing or anticipated projects due to our clients’, suppliers’ and other third-parties’ diminished financial conditions or financial distress, as well as governmental budget constraints.
•Our clients may be unable to meet their payment obligations to us in a timely manner, including as a result of deteriorating financial condition or bankruptcy resulting from a disease outbreak, including the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, and resulting economic impacts. Further, other third parties, such as suppliers, subcontractors, joint venture partners and other outside business partners, may experience significant disruptions in their ability to satisfy their obligations with respect to us, or they may be unable to do so altogether.
•Illness, travel restrictions or other workforce disruptions could adversely affect our supply chain, our ability to timely and satisfactorily complete our clients’ projects, our ability to provide services to our clients or our other business processes. Similar to travel restrictions implemented in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, jurisdictions may close borders, impose prolonged quarantines and restrict travel and business activity, in the event of a future disease outbreak or resurgence, which could materially impair our ability to support our operations and clients (both domestic and international), to source supplies through the global supply chain and to identify, pursue and capture new business opportunities, and which could continue to restrict the ability of our employees to access their workplaces. We also face the possibility of increased overhead or other expenses resulting from compliance with any current and future government orders or other measures enacted in response to any future disease outbreak or resurgence.
•We operate in many countries around the world, and certain of those countries’ governments may be unable to effectively mitigate the financial or other impacts of any future disease outbreak on their economies and workforces and our operations therein.
The extent to which a disease outbreak or resurgence impacts our business, financial condition and results of operations, including the duration and magnitude of such impacts, will depend on numerous factors that we may not be able to accurately predict or assess. Disease outbreaks and the volatile regional and global economic conditions stemming therefrom, as well as reactions to future pandemics or resurgences of COVID-19, could also precipitate or aggravate the other risk factors that we identify in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, which in turn could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. There may be other adverse consequences to our business, financial condition and results of operations from the spread of COVID-19 or other diseases that we have not considered or have not become apparent. As a result, we cannot assure you that if COVID-19 continues to spread, or there are other significant disease outbreaks, it would not have a further adverse impact on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Our continued success is dependent upon our ability to hire, retain, and utilize qualified personnel.
The success of our business is dependent upon our ability to hire, retain and utilize qualified personnel, including engineers, architects, designers, craft personnel and corporate leadership professionals who have the required experience and expertise at a reasonable cost. The market for these and other personnel is competitive. From time to time, it may be difficult to attract and retain qualified individuals with the expertise, and in the timeframe, demanded by our clients, or to replace such personnel when needed in a timely manner. In certain geographic areas, for example, we may not be able to satisfy the demand for our services because of our inability to successfully hire and retain qualified personnel. Furthermore, some of our personnel hold government granted clearance that may be required to obtain government projects. If we were to lose some or all of these personnel, they would be difficult to replace. Loss of the services of, or failure to recruit, qualified technical and leadership personnel could limit our ability to successfully complete existing projects and compete for new projects.
In addition, in the event that any of our key personnel retire or otherwise leave the Company, we need to have appropriate succession plans in place and to successfully implement such plans, which requires devoting time and resources toward identifying and integrating new personnel into leadership roles and other key positions. If we cannot
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attract and retain qualified personnel or effectively implement appropriate succession plans, it could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Sustained remote working arrangements may increase our costs and adversely impact our culture and ability to effectively train our personnel.
As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, unprecedented numbers of employees worldwide shifted to working remotely across industries, including in our industry. Despite the easing of government mandated remote work, many employees continue to work remotely on either a full-time or hybrid basis. While we have begun voluntary phased re-openings in our offices in accordance with guidance provided by government agencies, the majority of our employees are currently still working remotely, and we expect sustained remote working arrangements to continue for a significant percentage of our employees.
Although many of our employees can effectively perform their responsibilities while working remotely, and the opportunity to work remotely may increase the geographic markets from where we may attract talent, some work is not well-suited for remote work, and that work may not be completed as efficiently as if it were performed on site. Additionally, we may be exposed to unexpected cybersecurity risks and additional information technology-related expenses as a result of remote working requirements.
As employees continue to work remotely, we must adopt new techniques and tools to effectively train and integrate new hires and preserve our culture. Failure to effectively train our employees could create challenges for us in maintaining high levels of employee awareness of, and compliance with, our internal procedures and external regulatory compliance requirements, in addition to increasing our recruiting, training and supervisory costs, while failure to preserve our culture for any reason could harm our future success, including our ability to retain and recruit personnel, innovate and operate effectively and execute on our business strategy.
Negotiations with labor unions and possible work actions could disrupt operations and increase labor costs and operating expenses.
A certain portion of our work force has entered into, and additional portions may in the future enter into, collective bargaining agreements, which on occasion may require renegotiation. The outcome of future negotiations relating to union representation or collective bargaining agreements may not be favorable to the Company in that they may increase our operating expenses and lower our net income as a result of higher wages or benefit expenses. In addition, negotiations with unions diverts management attention and could disrupt operations, which may adversely affect our results of operations. If we are unable to negotiate acceptable collective bargaining agreements, we may have to address the threat of union-initiated work actions, including work slowdowns and strikes. Depending on the nature of the threat or the type and duration of any work action, these actions could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Our professional reputation and relationships with government agencies are critical to our business, and any harm to our reputation or relationships could decrease the amount of business that governments do with us, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
A significant portion of our revenue is earned directly or indirectly from various government agencies. If our reputation or relationships with these agencies were harmed, our future revenue and growth prospects would be materially and adversely affected. Our reputation and relationship with these government agencies is a key factor in maintaining and growing revenue under our government contracts. Negative press reports regarding poor contract performance, employee misconduct, information security breaches, engagements in or perceived connections to politically or socially sensitive activities, or other aspects of our business, or regarding government contractors generally, could harm our reputation. In addition, to the extent our performance under a contract does not meet a government agency’s expectations, the client might seek to terminate the contract prior to its scheduled expiration date, provide a negative assessment of our performance to government-maintained contractor past-performance data repositories, fail to award us additional business under existing contracts or otherwise, and direct future business to our competitors. If our reputation or relationships with these agencies are negatively affected, or if we are suspended or debarred from contracting with government agencies for any reason, such actions would decrease the amount of business that the government agency does with us, which would have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
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Our focus on new growth areas for our business entails risks, including those associated with new relationships, clients, talent needs, capabilities, service and product offerings, and maintaining our collaborative culture and core values.
We are focused on growing our presence in our addressable markets by: expanding our relationships with existing clients, developing new clients by leveraging our core competencies, further developing our existing capabilities and service offerings, creating new capabilities and solutions offerings to address our clients' emerging needs, and undertaking business development efforts focused on identifying near-term developments and long-term trends that may pose significant challenges for our clients. These efforts entail inherent risks associated with innovation and competition from other participants in those areas, potential failure to help our clients respond to the challenges they face, our ability to comply with uncertain evolving legal standards applicable to certain of our offerings, including those in the cybersecurity area, and, with respect to potential international growth, risks associated with operating in foreign jurisdictions, such as compliance with applicable foreign and U.S. laws and regulations that may impose different and, occasionally, conflicting or contradictory requirements, and the economic, legal, and political conditions in the foreign jurisdictions in which we operate. As we attempt to develop new relationships, clients, capabilities, and service and product offerings, these efforts could harm our results of operations due to, among other things, a diversion of our focus and resources and actual costs, opportunity costs of pursuing these opportunities in lieu of others and a failure to reach a profitable return on our investments in new technologies, capabilities, and businesses, including expenses on research and development investments, and these efforts could ultimately be unsuccessful.
The needs of our customers change and evolve regularly. Our success depends upon our ability to identify emerging technological trends; develop technologically advanced, innovative, and cost-effective products and services; and market these products and services to our customers. For example, one of our business strategies is to invest in, develop and promote innovative climate response technologies and solutions in order to meet the demands of our public and private sector clients. A misalignment between the technologies and solutions we identify to invest in, develop and promote and our clients’ needs may adversely impact our results of operations and reputation. Although we have strategies to mitigate this risk, we cannot assure you that we will identify the most effective technologies and solutions to invest in, promote or develop. Additionally, as we diversify and expand our product offerings, there is also an increased risk that one or more of our product offerings could fail to meet specifications in a particular application, or could be perceived by our customers to contain defects, which could result in our being liable for damages and losses that arise from such products. Products with defects, or which are otherwise incompatible with intended end uses, may also result in us having to recall such products, or provide additional services under the product warranty, which may impact our profitability. A failure of our products and solutions to meet specifications may materially adversely affect our business, results of operations, or financial condition.
Our success also depends on our continued access to suppliers of important technologies and components. The possibility exists that our competitors might develop new capabilities or service offerings that might cause our existing capabilities and service offerings to become obsolete. If we fail in our new capabilities development efforts or our capabilities or services fail to achieve market acceptance more rapidly than our competitors, our ability to procure new contracts could be negatively impacted, which would negatively impact our results of operations and financial condition.
In addition, with the growth of our U.S. and international operations, we provide client services and undertake business development efforts in numerous and disparate geographic locations, both domestically and internationally. Our ability to effectively serve our clients is dependent upon our ability to successfully leverage our operating model across all of these and any future locations, maintain effective management controls over all of our locations to ensure, among other things, compliance with applicable laws, rules and regulations, and instill our core values in all of our personnel at each of these and any future locations. Any inability to ensure any of the foregoing could have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations.
Fluctuations in commodity prices may affect our customers’ investment decisions and therefore subject us to risks of cancellation, delays in existing work, or changes in the timing and funding of new awards.
Commodity prices can affect our customers in a number of ways. For example, for those customers that produce commodity products such as oil, gas, copper, or fertilizers, fluctuations in price can have a direct effect on their profitability and cash flow and, therefore, their willingness to continue to invest or make new capital investments. Furthermore, declines in commodity prices can negatively impact our business in regions whose economies are substantially dependent on commodity prices, such as the Middle East. To the extent commodity prices decline or fluctuate and our customers defer new investments or cancel or delay existing projects, the demand for our services decreases, which may have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
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Commodity prices can also strongly affect the costs of projects. Rising commodity prices can negatively impact the potential returns on investments that are planned, as well as those in progress, and result in customers deferring new investments or canceling or delaying existing projects. Cancellations and delays have affected our past results and may continue to do so in significant and unpredictable ways and could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Risks Related to International Operations
Our international operations are exposed to additional risks and uncertainties, including unfavorable political developments and weak foreign economies.
For fiscal 2022, approximately 34% of our revenue was earned from clients outside the U.S. Our business is dependent on the continued success of our international operations, and we expect our international operations to continue to account for a significant portion of our total revenues. Our international operations are subject to a variety of risks, including:
•Recessions and other economic crises in other regions, such as Europe, Asia or other specific foreign economies and the impact on our costs of doing business in those countries;
•Difficulties in staffing and managing foreign personnel and operations, including challenges related to logistics, communications and professional licensure of our international workforce;
•Unexpected changes in foreign government policies and regulatory requirements;
•Potential non-compliance with a wide variety of laws and regulations, including anti-corruption, export control and anti-boycott laws and similar non-U.S. laws and regulations;
•Potential non-compliance with regulations and evolving industry standards regarding consumer protection and data use and security, including the General Data Protection Regulation approved by the European Union and the Data Protection Act approved by the United Kingdom;
•Lack of developed legal systems to enforce contractual rights;
•Expropriation and nationalization of our assets in a foreign country;
•Renegotiation or nullification of our existing contracts;
•The adoption of new, and the expansion of existing, trade or other restrictions;
•Embargoes, duties, tariffs or other trade restrictions, including sanctions;
•Geopolitical developments that impact our or our clients’ ability to operate in a foreign country;
•Changes in labor conditions;
•Acts of war, aggression between nations, civil unrest, force majeure, and terrorism;
•The ability to finance efficiently our foreign operations;
•Social, political, and economic instability;
•Changes to tax policy;
•Currency exchange rate fluctuations;
•Limitations on the ability to repatriate foreign earnings; and
•U.S. government policy changes in relation to the foreign countries in which we operate.
The lack of a well-developed legal system in some of these countries may make it difficult to enforce our contractual rights. In addition, military action, geopolitical shifts or continued unrest, particularly in the Middle East, could disrupt our operations in the region and elsewhere and may impact the supply or pricing of oil, increase our security costs and cost of compliance with local laws, and present risks to our reputation. Additionally, recent events, including changes in U.S. trade policies and responsive changes in policy by foreign jurisdictions and similar geopolitical developments and uncertainty in the E.U., Asia and elsewhere, have increased levels of political and economic unpredictability globally, and may increase the volatility of global financial markets and the global and regional economies.
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In addition, our globally connected talent force collaborates to deliver solutions for clients, agnostic of geography. This relies upon client procurement models that are open to global professional service provision. Increased nationalization and heightened “buy-local” policies and regulation could reduce the effectiveness and competitive differentiation enabled by our global delivery model and compound the existing talent shortage in key geographies. To the extent our international operations are affected by unexpected or adverse economic, political and other conditions, our business, financial condition and results of operations may be adversely affected.
Foreign exchange risks may affect our ability to realize a profit from certain projects.
We are a global professional services company, with our international operations accounting for approximately 34% of our annual revenue in fiscal year 2022. Fluctuations in exchange rates for foreign currencies have reduced, and could continue to reduce, the U.S. dollar value of sales, earnings and cash flows we receive from non-U.S. markets, negatively impact our competitiveness in those markets or otherwise adversely impact our business results, reported financial condition and the U.S. dollar value of our backlog. Our reported financial condition and results of operations are exposed to the effects (both positive and negative) that fluctuating exchange rates have on the process of translating the financial statements of our international operations, which are denominated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar, into the U.S. dollar.
In addition, fluctuations in exchange rates may increase our supply costs (as measured in U.S. dollars) in international markets. While we generally attempt to denominate our contracts in the currencies of our expenditures, we do enter into contracts that expose us to currency risk, particularly to the extent contract revenue is denominated in a currency different than the contract costs. We may attempt to minimize our exposure from currency risks by obtaining escalation provisions for projects in inflationary economies or entering into derivative (hedging) instruments, when there is currency risk exposure that is not naturally mitigated via our contracts. These actions, however, may not always eliminate currency risk exposure. The governments of certain countries have or may in the future impose restrictive exchange controls on local currencies and it may not be possible for us to engage in effective hedging transactions to mitigate the risks associated with fluctuations in a particular currency. We may also be exposed to limitations on our ability to reinvest earnings from operations in one country to fund the financing requirements of our operations in other countries.
Our global presence could give rise to material fluctuations in our income tax rates.
We are subject to income taxes in the U.S. and numerous foreign jurisdictions. Significant judgment is required in determining our worldwide provision for income taxes. In the ordinary course of our business, there are many transactions and calculations where the ultimate tax determination is uncertain. We are regularly under audit by tax authorities. Although we believe that our tax estimates and tax positions are reasonable, they could be materially affected by many factors including the final outcome of tax audits and related litigation, the introduction of new tax accounting standards, legislation, regulations and related interpretations, our global mix of earnings, the realizability of deferred tax assets and changes in uncertain tax positions. An increase or decrease in our effective tax rate, or an ultimate determination that the Company owes more taxes than the amounts previously accrued, could have a material adverse impact on our financial condition and results of operations.
We work in international locations where there are high security risks, which could result in harm to our employees or unanticipated costs.
Some of our services are performed in high-risk locations, where the country or location is subject to political, social or economic risks, or war, terrorism or civil unrest. In those locations where we have employees or operations, we may expend significant efforts and incur substantial security costs to maintain the safety of our personnel. Despite these activities, in these locations, we cannot always guarantee the safety of our personnel . Acts of terrorism and threats of armed conflicts in or around various areas in which we operate could limit or disrupt markets and our operations, including disruptions resulting from the evacuation of personnel or the cancellation of contracts. The loss of key employees or contractors, whether as a result of injury, death or attrition, may adversely impact our business operations .
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Our operations may be impacted by the United Kingdom’s exit from the European Union.
On December 24, 2020, the E.U. and the U.K. agreed the terms of a trade and cooperation agreement, which sets out the terms of their future relationship, which we refer to as the Trade Agreement, in connection with the U.K.'s exit from the E.U., commonly referred to as “Brexit.” The Trade Agreement was approved by the U.K. Parliament, and applied provisionally until the end of April 2021, when the European Parliament approved the Trade Agreement. The Trade Agreement offers U.K. and E.U. businesses preferential access to each other’s markets, ensuring imported goods will be free of tariffs and quotas. However, economic relations between the U.K. and the E.U. will now be on more restricted terms than before and there remains uncertainty around the post-Brexit regulatory environment, as the provisions of the Trade Agreement do not cover the services sector.
These restrictions may adversely affect our relationships with our existing and future customers, suppliers, employees, and subcontractors, or otherwise have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. The diverging regulatory environments also add additional complexity to our compliance programs. This uncertainty could cause significant economic disruption and further depress consumer confidence and the economy of the U.K., which may cause our customers to closely monitor their costs, terminate or reduce the scope of existing contracts, decrease or postpone currently planned contracts, or negotiate for more favorable deal terms, each of which may have a negative impact on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Risks Related to Acquisitions, Investments, Joint Ventures and Divestitures
If we, or any of our subsidiaries or companies in which we have made strategic investments, lose, or experience a significant reduction in, business from one or a few customers, it could have a material adverse impact on us.
A few clients have in the past, and may in the future, account for a significant portion of our revenue and/or backlog, or the revenue and/or backlog for our subsidiaries or companies in which we have made strategic investments, in any one year or over a period of several consecutive years. For example, in fiscal 2022, 2021 and 2020, approximately 31%, 33% and 33%, respectively, of our revenue was earned directly or indirectly from agencies of the U.S. federal government. Although we have long-standing relationships with many of our significant clients, our clients may unilaterally reduce, delay or cancel their contracts at any time. If we, or any of our subsidiaries or companies in which we have made strategic investments, lose, or experience a significant reduction in business from a significant client could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
Our use of joint ventures, partnerships and strategic investments in entities exposes us to risks and uncertainties, many of which are outside of our control.
As is common in our industry, we perform certain contracts as a member of joint ventures, partnerships, and similar arrangements. This situation exposes us to a number of risks, including the risk that our partners may be unable to fulfill their obligations to us or our clients.
Further, we have limited ability to control the actions of our joint venture partners, including with respect to nonperformance, default, bankruptcy or legal or regulatory compliance. Our partners may be unable or unwilling to provide the required levels of financial support to the partnerships. If these circumstances occur, we may be liable for claims and losses attributable to the partner by operation of law or contract. These circumstances could also lead to disputes and litigation with our partners or clients, all of which could have a material adverse impact on our reputation, business, financial condition and results of operations.
We depend on the management effectiveness of our joint venture partners. Differences in views among the joint venture participants may result in delayed decisions or in failures to agree on major issues, which could materially affect the business and operations of these ventures. In addition, in many of the countries in which we engage in joint ventures, it may be difficult to enforce our contractual rights under the applicable joint venture agreement. If we are not able to enforce our contractual rights, we may not be able to realize the benefits of the joint venture or we may be subject to additional liabilities.
We participate in joint ventures and similar arrangements in which we are not the controlling partner. In these cases, we have limited control over the actions of the joint venture. These joint ventures may not be subject to the same requirements regarding internal controls and internal control over financial reporting that we follow. To the extent the controlling partner makes decisions that negatively impact the joint venture or internal control problems arise within the joint venture, it could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
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The failure by a joint venture partner to comply with applicable laws, regulations or client requirements could negatively impact our business and, for government clients, could result in fines, penalties, suspension or even debarment being imposed on us, which could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
An impairment charge on our goodwill or intangible assets could have a material adverse impact on our financial position and results of operations.
Because we have grown in part through acquisitions, goodwill and intangible assets represent a substantial portion of our assets. As of September 30, 2022, we had $7.18 billion of goodwill, representing 49.0% of our total assets of $14.66 billion. Under U.S. GAAP, we are required to test goodwill carried in our Consolidated Balance Sheets for possible impairment on an annual basis, and whenever events occur, or circumstances change, that indicate impairments could exist, based upon a fair value approach. We also assess the recoverability of the unamortized balance of our intangible assets when indications of impairment are present based on expected future probability and undiscounted expected cash flows and their contribution to our overall operations. We have chosen to perform our annual impairment reviews of goodwill at the beginning of the fiscal fourth quarter.
If our market capitalization drops significantly below the amount of net equity recorded on our balance sheet, it might indicate a decline in our fair value and would require us to further evaluate whether our goodwill has been impaired. If the fair value of our reporting units is less than their carrying value, we could be required to record an impairment charge. The amount of any impairment could be significant and could have a material adverse impact on our financial position and results of operations for the period in which the charge is taken. For a further discussion of goodwill impairment testing, please see Item 7- Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations below.
Our business strategy relies in part on acquisitions and strategic investments to sustain our growth. These transactions present certain risks and uncertainties.
Our business strategy involves growth through, among other things, the acquisition of, and strategic investments in, other companies, such as our acquisitions of CH2M, KeyW, John Wood Group’s nuclear business, Buffalo Group, BlackLynx and StreetLight and we completed a strategic investment in PA Consulting in March 2021. These transactions, as well as transactions we may engage in in the future, present a number of risks, including:
•Assumption of liabilities of an acquired business, including liabilities that were unknown at the time the transaction was negotiated, such as if the target company failed to comply with U.S. federal, state, local and foreign laws and regulations and/or contractual requirements with government clients;
•Valuation methodologies may not accurately capture the value of the target company's business;
•Failure to realize anticipated benefits, such as cost savings, synergies, business opportunities and growth opportunities within the anticipated time-frame or at all;
•The loss of key customers or suppliers, including as a result of any actual or perceived conflicts of interest;
•Difficulties or delays in obtaining regulatory approvals, licenses and permits;
•Difficulties relating to combining previously separate entities into a single, integrated, and efficient business;
•For strategic investments in which we do not acquire 100% of the target company, the other equity holders may have consent rights over certain actions taken by the company, and in the event a target company continues to operate as a standalone company, it may result in additional costs;
•The effects of diverting leadership’s attention from day-to-day operations to matters involving the integration of target companies;
•Potentially substantial transaction costs associated with business combinations, strategic investments and/or divestitures;
•Potential impairment resulting from the overpayment for an acquisition or investment or post-closing deterioration in the target company's business;
•Difficulties relating to assimilating the leadership, personnel, benefits, services, and systems of an acquired business and to assimilating marketing and other operational capabilities;
•Difficulties retaining key personnel of the target company;
•Increased burdens on our staff and on our administrative, internal control and operating systems, which may hinder our legal and regulatory compliance activities;
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•Increased financial and accounting challenges and complexities in areas such as tax planning, treasury management, financial and non-financial (e.g. climate-related) reporting and internal controls;
•The potential for claims for damages by the sellers of any business if we enter into an acquisition agreement that we do not ultimately consummate, or if disputes arise post-closing relating to post-closing covenants or payment obligations; and
•The risks discussed in this Item 1A. Risk Factors that may relate to the activities of the acquired business prior to the acquisition.
While we may obtain indemnification rights from the sellers of acquired businesses and/or insurance that could mitigate certain of these risks, such rights may be difficult to enforce, the losses may exceed any dedicated escrow funds and the indemnitors may not have the ability to financially support the indemnity, or the insurance coverage may be unavailable or insufficient to cover all losses.
If our leadership is unable to successfully integrate acquired companies or implement our growth strategy with respect to acquisitions and/or strategic investments, our operating results could be harmed. Moreover, we cannot assure that we will continue to successfully expand or that growth or expansion will result in profitability.
In addition, there is no assurance that we will continue to locate suitable acquisition or investment targets or that we will be able to consummate any such transactions on terms and conditions acceptable to us. Existing cash balances and cash flow from operations, together with borrowing capacity under our credit facilities, may be insufficient to make acquisitions and/or strategic investments. Future acquisitions and/or strategic investments may require us to obtain additional equity or debt financing, which may not be available on attractive terms, or at all. Acquisitions and/or strategic investments may also bring us into businesses we have not previously conducted and expose us to additional business risks that are different than those we have traditionally experienced.
Acquisitions, strategic investments and divestitures create various business risks and uncertainties during the pendency of the transaction.
Consummation of any merger, strategic investment or divestiture is subject to the satisfaction of customary conditions, including one or more of the following: (i) due diligence and its associated time and cost commitments, (ii) board and shareholder approval, (iii) regulatory approvals, (iv) the absence of any legal restraint that would prevent the consummation of the transaction, (v) the absence of material adverse conditions which can prevent the consummation of the transaction, and (vi) compliance with covenants and the accuracy of representations and warranties contained in the transaction agreement, among others. One or more of these conditions may not be fulfilled and, accordingly, the transaction may not be consummated or may be significantly delayed. In such case, our ongoing business, financial condition and results of operations may be materially adversely affected and the market price of our common stock may decline, particularly to the extent that the market price reflects a market assumption that the transaction will be consummated or will be consummated within a particular timeframe.
Furthermore, most transactions require the Company to incur substantial expense associated with closing and if the transaction is not consummated, we will incur these expenses without realizing the expected benefits. The pursuit of the transaction will also require management attention and use of internal resources that would otherwise be focused on general business operations. In addition, customers’ uncertainty about the effect of the transaction may have an adverse effect on the ability to win customer contracts, or could cause existing clients to seek to change existing business relationships. Employee morale due to the uncertainties associated with the transaction could also be negatively affected. Any of the foregoing, or other risks arising in connection with a failure or delay in consummating a transaction, including the diversion of management attention or loss of other opportunities during the pendency of the transaction, could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
We may make minority investments that subject us to risks and uncertainties outside of our control.
From time to time, the Company may make minority investments in the equity securities of companies that we do not control. Minority investments inherently involve a lesser degree of control over business operations, thereby potentially increasing the financial, legal, operational and/or compliance risks associated with the minority investment.
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To the extent we hold only a minority equity interest in a company, we may lack affirmative control rights, which may diminish our ability to influence the company’s affairs in a manner intended to enhance the value of our investment in the company. We could incur losses if the majority stakeholders or the management of the company takes risks or otherwise acts in a manner that does not serve our interests. In addition, we could be subject to reputational harm if the company in which the investment is made makes business, financial or management decisions with which we do not agree. These circumstances could also lead to disputes and litigation with management or employees of the company in which the investment is made, or its other stockholders.
In most cases, the companies in which we make investments will have indebtedness or equity securities, or may be permitted to incur indebtedness or to issue equity securities, that rank senior to our investment. We also may make investments in early-stage companies that depend on venture funding and are not profitable. In the event of insolvency, liquidation, dissolution, reorganization or bankruptcy of a company in which an investment is made, holders of debt instruments and securities ranking senior to our investment would typically be entitled to receive payment in full before distributions could be made in respect of our investment.
We may also enter into separate commercial arrangements with these companies, whether before, concurrently with, or after making a minority investment. In certain cases, the commercial arrangement may be a driving factor behind our investment. We cannot assure you that that the commercial arrangement will further our business strategy as we expected. We may not realize all the economic benefits expected from the commercial agreement, or realize the expected return on our investments.
Risks Related to Regulatory Compliance
Past and future environmental, health, and safety laws could impose significant additional costs and liabilities.
We are subject to a variety of environmental, health, and safety laws and regulations governing, among other things, discharges to air and water, the handling, storage and disposal of hazardous or waste materials and the remediation of contamination associated with the releases of hazardous substances, and human health and safety. These laws and regulations and the risk of attendant litigation can cause significant delays to a project and add significantly to its cost. Violations of these regulations could subject us and our management to civil and criminal penalties and other liabilities.
Various U.S. federal, state, local and foreign environmental laws and regulations may impose liability for property damage and costs of investigation and cleanup of hazardous or toxic substances on property currently or previously owned by us or arising out of our waste management or environmental remediation activities. These laws may impose responsibility and liability without regard to knowledge of or causation of the presence of contaminants. The liability under these laws may be joint and several. We have potential liabilities associated with our past waste management and other activities and with our current and prior ownership of various properties. The discovery of additional contaminants or the imposition of unforeseen clean-up obligations at these or other sites could have a material adverse impact on our financial condition and results of operations.
Health, safety, and environmental laws and regulations and policies are reviewed periodically and any changes thereto could affect us in substantial and unpredictable ways. Such changes could, for example, relax or repeal laws and regulations relating to the environment, which could result in a decline in the demand for our environmental services and, in turn, could negatively impact our revenue. Changes in the environmental laws and regulations, remediation obligations, enforcement actions, stricter interpretations of existing requirements, future discovery of contamination or claims for damages to persons, property, natural resources or the environment could result in material costs and liabilities that we currently do not anticipate. Failure to comply with any environmental, health, or safety laws or regulations, whether actual or alleged, exposes us to fines, penalties or potential litigation liabilities, including costs, settlements and judgments, any of which could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.
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If we fail to comply with any governmental requirements, our business may be adversely affected.
We are subject to U.S. federal, state, local and foreign laws and regulations that affect our business. For example, our global operations require importing and exporting goods and technology across international borders which requires compliance with both export regulatory laws and International Trafficking in Arms Regulations (“ITAR”). Although we have policies and procedures to comply with U.S. and foreign international trade laws, the violation of such laws could subject the Company and its employees to civil or criminal penalties, including substantial monetary fines, or other adverse actions including denial of import or export privileges or debarment from participation in U.S. government contracts, and could damage our reputation and our ability to do business.
In addition, we and many of our clients operate in highly regulated environments, which requires us or our clients to obtain, and to comply with, federal, state and local government permits and approvals. These permits or approvals are subject to denial, revocation or modification under various circumstances. Failure to obtain or comply with, or the loss or modification of, the conditions of permits or approvals subjects us to the risk of penalties or other liabilities, could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition and result of operations.
We could be adversely affected by violations of the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act and similar worldwide anti-bribery laws.
The U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (“FCPA”), the U.K. Bribery Act of 2010, and similar anti-bribery laws in other jurisdictions generally prohibit companies and their intermediaries from making improper payments for the purpose of obtaining or retaining business. Our policies mandate compliance with these anti-bribery laws, including the requirements to maintain accurate information and internal controls. We operate in many parts of the world that have experienced governmental corruption to some degree and in certain circumstances; strict compliance with anti-bribery laws may conflict with local customs and practices. Despite our training and compliance programs, there is no assurance that our internal control policies and procedures will protect us from acts committed by our employees or agents. If we are found to be liable for FCPA or other violations (either due to our own acts or our inadvertence, or due to the acts or inadvertence of others), we could suffer from civil and criminal penalties or other sanctions, including contract cancellations or debarment and loss of reputation, any of which could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Risks Related to Climate Change
Climate change and related environmental issues could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Climate change related events, such as increased frequency and severity of storms, floods, wildfires, droughts, hurricanes, freezing conditions, and other natural disasters, may have a long-term impact on our business, financial condition and results of operation. While we seek to mitigate our business risks associated with climate change, we recognize that there are inherent climate related risks regardless of where we conduct our business. For example, a catastrophic natural disaster could negatively impact any of our office locations and the locations of our customers. Access to clean water and reliable energy in the communities where we conduct our business is critical to our operations. Accordingly, a natural disaster has the potential to disrupt our and our customers’ businesses and may cause us to experience work stoppages, project delays, financial losses and additional costs to resume operations, including increased insurance costs or loss of coverage, legal liability and reputational losses.
Further, the risks caused by climate change span across the full spectrum of the industry sectors we serve. Our services and solutions span water, energy, the natural and built environment, transportation, national security, cyber and aerospace. The direct physical risks that climate change poses to infrastructure through chronic environmental changes, such as rising sea levels and temperatures, and acute events, such as hurricanes, droughts and wildfires, is common to each of these sectors. Infrastructure owners could face increased costs to maintain their assets, which could result in reduced profitability and fewer resources for strategic investment. These types of physical risks could in turn lead to transitional risks (i.e., the degree to which society responds to the threat of climate change), such as market and technology shifts, including decreased demand for our services and solutions, reputational risks, such as how our values and practices regarding a low carbon transition are viewed by external and internal stakeholders, and policy and legal risks, such as the extent to which low carbon transitions are driven by the governments in which we operate around the globe, all of which could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
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We may be affected by market or regulatory responses to climate change.
Growing public concern about climate change has resulted in the increased focus of local, state, regional, national and international regulatory bodies on GHG emissions and climate change issues. The Biden Administration has made climate change and the limitation of GHG emissions one of its initial and primary objectives. Policy changes could increase the costs of projects for our clients or, in some cases, prevent a project from going forward, thereby potentially reducing the need for our services, which would in turn have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition and results of operations. Further, climate legislation across all geographies poses a similar risk to us and our clients as we operate globally. However, policy changes and climate legislation could also increase the overall demand for our services as our clients and partners work to comply with such policies, such as by decarbonizing their industries, transitioning from fossil fuels to renewable energy sources and developing integrated and sustainable solutions, which could have a positive impact on our business. We cannot predict when or whether any of these various proposals may be enacted or what their effect will be on us or on our customers.
We may also incur additional expenses as a result of U.S. and international regulators requiring additional disclosures regarding GHG emissions. Compliance with such regulation and the associated potential cost is complicated by the fact that various countries and regions are following different approaches to the regulation of climate change.
We may be unable to achieve our climate commitments and targets.
At Jacobs, we have committed to help solve the climate crisis by setting ambitious climate commitments and targets, including our goal to be carbon negative for our operations and business travel. However, achievement of our climate commitments and targets, including our carbon negative goal, is subject to risks and uncertainties, many of which are outside of our control. These risks and uncertainties include, but are not limited to: our ability to execute our operational strategies and achieve our goals within the currently projected costs and the expected timeframes; the availability and cost of alternative fuels, global electrical charging infrastructure, off-site renewable energy and other materials and components; unforeseen design, operational and technological difficulties; the outcome of research efforts and future technology developments, including the ability to scale projects and technologies on a commercially competitive basis such as carbon sequestration and/or other related processes; compliance with, and changes or additions to, global and regional regulations, taxes, charges, mandates or requirements relating to GHG emissions, carbon costs or climate-related goals; labor-related regulations and requirements that restrict or prohibit our ability to impose requirements on third party contractors; adapting products to customer preferences and customer acceptance of sustainable supply chain solutions; the actions of competitors and competitive pressures; an acquisition of or merger with another company that has not adopted similar carbon negative goals or whose progress towards reaching its carbon negative goals is not as advanced as ours; and the pace of regional and global recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic. Accordingly, there is no assurance that we will be able to successfully execute our operational strategies and achieve our climate commitments and targets.
While our climate commitments and targets are ambitious, we believe that they are realistic and achievable. We have also developed a roadmap for implementation of our carbon reduction goals and our global emissions reduction trajectory suggests that we are on the pathway to meet our targets. However, we also recognize that some of our emission reductions over the past two years may have been primarily the result of the global COVID-19 pandemic. Our roadmap recognizes this and we are putting measures in place now to ensure that we remain on that same trajectory however we cannot guarantee that such measures will be successful. Failure to achieve our climate commitments and targets could damage our reputation and our customer and other stakeholder relationships. Further, investors have recently increased their focus on environmental, social and governance matters, including practices related to GHGs and climate change. An increasing percentage of the investment community considers sustainability factors in making investment decisions, and an increasing number of entities are considering sustainability factors in awarding business. If we are unable to meet our climate commitments and targets and appropriately address sustainability enhancement, we may lose investors, customers, or partners, our stock price may be negatively impacted, our reputation may be negatively affected, and it may be more difficult for us to compete effectively, all of which would have an adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.
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Risks Related to Our Indebtedness and Credit Markets
We rely in part on liquidity from our credit facilities to fund our business. Restrictions in our credit facilities could adversely affect our business.
We are currently a borrower under several credit facilities. These facilities all contain customary covenants restricting, among other things, our ability to incur certain liens and indebtedness. We are also subject to certain financial covenants, including maintenance of a maximum consolidated leverage ratio. A breach of any covenant or our inability to comply with the required financial ratios could result in a default under one or more of our credit facilities and limit our ability to do further borrowing. We cannot assure you that we will be able to maintain compliance with these covenants in the future and, if we fail to do so, we may be prohibited from undertaking actions that are necessary or desirable to maintain or expand our business. Additionally, if it becomes necessary to refinance these borrowings on less favorable terms, or if we are unable to refinance at all, our results of operations and financial condition could be materially adversely affected by increased costs and rates.
Our business may be adversely affected by disruptions or lack of liquidity in the credit markets, including reduced access to credit and higher costs of obtaining credit.
We depend on the availability of credit to grow our business and to help fund business acquisitions. Instability in the credit markets in the U.S. or abroad, and continued inflation and rising interest rates could cause the availability of credit to be relatively difficult or expensive to obtain at competitive rates, on commercially reasonable terms or in sufficient amounts. This situation could make it more difficult or more expensive for us to access funds, refinance our existing indebtedness, enter into agreements for new indebtedness, or obtain funding through the issuance of securities or such additional capital may not be available on terms acceptable to us, or at all.
In addition, market conditions could negatively impact our clients’ ability to fund their projects and, therefore, utilize our services, which could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
We also routinely enter into contracts with counterparties including vendors, suppliers and subcontractors that may be negatively impacted by events in the credit markets. Disruptions of the credit or capital markets could adversely affect our clients’ ability to finance projects and could result in contract cancellations or suspensions, project delays and payment delays or defaults by our clients. In addition, clients may be unable to fund new projects, may choose to make fewer capital expenditures or otherwise slow their spending on our services or to seek contract terms more favorable to them. These circumstances could also lead to disputes and litigation with our partners or clients, which could have a material adverse impact on our reputation, business, financial condition and results of operations.
Furthermore, our cash balances and short-term investments are maintained in accounts held by major banks and financial institutions located primarily in North America, Europe, South America, Australia and Asia. Some of our accounts hold deposits in amounts that exceed available insurance. In addition, we are subject to the risk that the counterparties to our credit agreements may go bankrupt if they suffer catastrophic demand on their liquidity that will prevent them from fulfilling their contractual obligations to us. Although none of our lenders or the financial institutions in which we hold our cash and investments have gone into bankruptcy or forced receivership, or have been seized by their governments, there is a risk that such events may occur in the future. If any such events were to occur, we would be at risk of not being able to access cash, which may result in a temporary liquidity crisis that could impede our ability to fund our operations, which could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
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Maintaining adequate bonding and letter of credit capacity is necessary for us to successfully bid on and win some contracts.
In line with industry practice, we are often required to provide performance or payment bonds or letters of credit to our customers. These instruments indemnify the customer should we fail to perform our obligations under the contract. If a bond or a letter of credit is required for a particular project and we are unable to obtain an appropriate bond or letter of credit, we cannot pursue that project. Historically, we have had adequate bonding and letter of credit capacity but, as is typically the case, the issuance of a bond is at the surety’s sole discretion and the issuance of a letter of credit is based on the Company's credit-worthiness. Because of an overall lack of worldwide bonding capacity, we may find it difficult to find sureties who will provide required levels of bonding or such bonding may only be available at significant additional cost. There can be no assurance that our bonding capacity will continue to be available to us on reasonable terms. In addition, future projects may require us to obtain letters of credit that extend beyond the term of our existing credit facilities. Our inability to obtain adequate bonding and, as a result, to bid on new contracts that require such bonding or letter of credit could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Risks Related to Our Common Stock and Corporate Structure
Our quarterly results may fluctuate significantly, which could have a material negative effect on the price of our common stock.
Our quarterly operating results may fluctuate significantly or fall below the expectations of securities analysts, which could have a material adverse impact on the price of our common stock. Fluctuations are caused by a number of factors, including:
•Legal proceedings, disputes and/or government investigations;
•Fluctuations in the spending patterns of our government and commercial customers;
•The number and significance of projects executed during a quarter;
•Unanticipated changes in contract performance, particularly with contracts that have funding limits;
•The timing of resolving change orders, requests for equitable adjustments, and other contract adjustments;
•Delays incurred in connection with a project;
•Changes in prices of commodities or other supplies;
•Changes in foreign currency exchange rates;
•Weather conditions that delay work at project sites;
•The timing of expenses incurred in connection with acquisitions or other corporate initiatives;
•The decision by the Board of Directors to begin or cease paying a dividend, and the expectation that if the Company pays dividends, it would declare dividends at the same or higher levels in the future;
•Natural disasters or other crises;
•Staff levels and utilization rates;
•Changes in prices of services offered by our competitors; and
•General economic and political conditions.
There can be no assurance that we will pay dividends on our common stock.
Our Board of Directors initiated a quarterly cash dividend program in fiscal 2017 under which we have paid, and intend to continue paying, regular quarterly dividends. The declaration, amount and timing of such dividends are subject to capital availability and determinations by our Board of Directors that cash dividends are in the best interest of our stockholders and are in compliance with all respective laws and applicable agreements. Our ability to pay dividends will depend upon, among other factors, our cash balances and potential future capital requirements for strategic transactions, including acquisitions, debt service requirements, results of operations, financial condition and other factors that our Board of Directors may deem relevant. A reduction in or elimination of our dividend payments and/or our dividend program could have a material negative effect on our stock price.
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In the event we issue stock as consideration for certain acquisitions we may make, we could dilute share ownership, and if we receive stock in connection with a divestiture, the value of stock is subject to fluctuation.
One method of acquiring companies or otherwise funding our corporate activities is through the issuance of additional equity securities. If we issue additional equity securities, such issuances could have the effect of diluting our earnings per share as well as our existing shareholders’ individual ownership percentages in the Company.
In addition, if we receive stock or other equity securities in connection with a sale or divestiture of a business, the value of such stock will fluctuate and/or be subject to trading restrictions. Stock price changes may result from, among other things, changes in the business, operations or prospects of the issuer prior to or following the transaction, litigation or regulatory considerations, general business, market, industry or economic conditions, the ability to sell all or a portion of the stock based on current market conditions, and other factors both within and beyond the control of the Company. In addition, if the stock received is valued in a currency other than U.S. dollars, the value of such stock will also fluctuate based on foreign currency rates.
Delaware law and our charter documents may impede or discourage a takeover or change of control.
We are a Delaware corporation. Certain anti-takeover provisions of the Delaware general corporation law impose restrictions on the ability of others to acquire control of us. In addition, certain provisions of our charter documents may impede or discourage a takeover. For example:
•Only our Board of Directors can fill vacancies on the board;
•There are various restrictions on the ability of a shareholder to nominate a director for election; and
•Our Board of Directors can authorize the issuance of preferred shares.
These types of provisions, as well as our ability to adopt a shareholder rights agreement in the future, could make it more difficult for a third party to acquire control of us, even if the acquisition would be beneficial to our shareholders. Accordingly, shareholders may be limited in the ability to obtain a premium for their shares.
We are a holding company. Substantially all of our business is conducted through our subsidiaries. We depend on the performance of our subsidiaries and their ability to make distributions to us to fund our operations.
We are a holding company. Substantially all of our business is conducted through our subsidiaries, which are separate and distinct legal entities. Therefore, we are reliant on the operations of our subsidiaries to fund (whether by dividend, distribution or loan) holding company operations, including our ability to pay dividends and service any indebtedness of the holding company. In addition, we cannot assure you that the agreements governing the existing and future indebtedness of our subsidiaries will permit our subsidiaries to provide us with sufficient dividends, distributions or loans to fund payments of dividends or other obligations of the holding company. In addition, any payment of dividends, distributions or loans to us by our subsidiaries could be subject to restrictions on dividends or repatriation of earnings under applicable local law and monetary transfer restrictions in the jurisdictions in which our subsidiaries operate. Furthermore, payments to us by our subsidiaries will be contingent upon our subsidiaries’ earnings.
Item 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS
None.
Item 2. PROPERTIES
Our properties consist primarily of office space within general, commercial office buildings located in major cities primarily in the following countries: United States; Armenia; Australia; Canada; China; Czech Republic; Egypt; France; Germany; Hong Kong; India; Indonesia; Iraq; Ireland; Italy; Japan; Kazakhstan; Malaysia; The Netherlands; New Zealand; The Philippines; Poland; Qatar; Romania; Saudi Arabia; Singapore; Slovakia; South Africa; South Korea; Sweden; Switzerland; Taiwan (Province of China); Thailand; Ukraine; United Arab Emirates and United Kingdom. We also lease smaller offices located in certain other countries. Such space is used for operations (providing technical, professional, and other home office services), sales and administration. The total amount of space leased by us for all of our operations is approximately 6.9 million square feet. We continue to evaluate our real estate needs in connection with changes in the Company's use of its leased space as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, and as part of the integration of our prior acquisitions.
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Item 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
The information required by this Item 3 is included in Note 19- Contractual Guarantees, Litigation, Investigations and Insurance of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements beginning on page F-1 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K and is incorporated herein by reference.
Item 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURE
None.
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PART II
Item 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT'S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES
Market Information
Our common stock is listed on the New York Stock Exchange under the ticker symbol "J".
Shareholders
According to the records of our transfer agent, there were 2,733 s h areholders of record as of November 11, 2022.
Dividend Policy
Our Board of Directors initiated a quarterly cash dividend program in fiscal 2017 under which we have paid, and intend to continue paying, regular quarterly dividends. The declaration, amount and timing of such dividends are subject to capital availability and determinations by our Board of Directors that cash dividends are in the best interest of our stockholders and are in compliance with all respective laws and applicable agreements. Our ability to pay dividends will depend upon, among other factors, our cash balances and potential future capital requirements for strategic transactions, including acquisitions, debt service requirements, results of operations, financial condition and other factors that our Board of Directors may deem relevant.
Share Repurchases
On January 16, 2020, the Company's Board of Directors authorized a share repurchase program of up to $1.0 billion of the Company's common stock, to expire on January 15, 2023 (the "2020 Repurchase Authorization"). In the fourth quarter of fiscal 2021 the Company launched an accelerated share repurchase program by advancing $250 million to a financial institution in a privately negotiated transaction, with final non-cash settlement on the program during the first quarter of fiscal 2022 of 342,054 shares.
The following table summarizes the activity under the 2020 Repurchase Authorization during the fourth quarter of fiscal 2022:

Period |  | Total Number of Shares Purchased |  | Average Price Per Share (1) |  | Total Number of Shares Purchased under the 2020 Repurchase Authorization |  | Approximate Dollar Value of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under the 2020 Repurchase Authorization
August 29, 2022 - September 30, 2022 |  | 276,244 |  | $113.02 |  | 276,244 |  | $500,991,805

(1)Includes commissions paid and calculated at the average price per share
As of September 30, 2022, the Company has $501.0 million remaining under the 2020 Repurchase Authorization.
Our share repurchase programs do not obligate the Company to purchase any shares. Share repurchases may be executed through various means including, without limitation, accelerated share repurchases, open market transactions, privately negotiated transactions, purchases pursuant to a Rule 10b5-1 plan or otherwise. The authorization for the share repurchase programs may be terminated, increased or decreased by the Company’s Board of Directors in its discretion at any time. The timing, amount and manner of share repurchases may depend upon market conditions and economic circumstances, availability of investment opportunities, the availability and costs of financing, currency fluctuations, the market price of the Company's common stock, other uses of capital and other factors.
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Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities
On February 4, 2022, the Company issued 6,620 shares of restricted stock in connection with its acquisition of Streetlight to certain stockholders in exchange for certain of their vested stock awards in StreetLight. These shares are subject to certain lockup restrictions agreed to by the Company and the shareholders. For further discussion of the StreetLight acquisition, see Note 15- Other Business Combinations.
These shares were issued in a transaction exempt from the registration requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”) in reliance upon Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act. The recipients of the securities in each of these transactions represented their intentions to acquire the securities for investment only and not with a view to or for sale in connection with any distribution thereof, and appropriate legends were placed upon the share certificates issued in these transactions.
Performance Graph
The following graph and table shows the changes over the five-year period ended September 30, 2022 in the value of $100 as of the close of market on September 29, 2017 in (1) the common stock of Jacobs Solutions Inc., (2) the Standard & Poor’s 500 Stock Index and (3) the Standard & Poor's 1500 IT Consulting & Other Services Index.
The values of each investment are based on share price appreciation, with reinvestment of all dividends, provided any were paid. The investments are assumed to have occurred at the beginning of the period presented. The stock performance included in this graph is not necessarily indicative of future stock price performance.

| 2017 |  | 2018 |  | 2019 |  | 2020 |  | 2021 |  | 2022
Jacobs Solutions Inc. | 100.00 |  |  | 132.80 |  |  | 159.90 |  |  | 163.55 |  |  | 235.25 |  |  | 194.31 |
S&P 500 | 100.00 |  |  | 117.91 |  |  | 122.93 |  |  | 141.55 |  |  | 184.02 |  |  | 155.55 |
S&P 1500 IT Consulting & Other Services | 100.00 |  |  | 116.79 |  |  | 113.05 |  |  | 116.64 |  |  | 157.21 |  |  | 130.09 |

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Item 6. [Reserved]
Item 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
In order to better understand the changes that occur to key elements of our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows, a reader of this Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (“MD&A”) should be aware of the critical accounting policies we apply in preparing our consolidated financial statements.
The consolidated financial statements contained in this report were prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP. The preparation of our consolidated financial statements and the financial statements of any business performing long-term professional services, engineering and construction-type contracts requires management to make certain estimates and judgments that affect both the entity’s results of operations and the carrying values of its assets and liabilities. Although our significant accounting policies are described in Note 2- Significant Accounting Policies of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements beginning on page F-1 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, the following discussion is intended to highlight and describe those accounting policies that are especially critical to the preparation of our consolidated financial statements.
Revenue Accounting for Contracts
The Company recognizes engineering, procurement, and construction contract revenue over time, as performance obligations are satisfied, due to the continuous transfer of control to the customer in accordance with ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. Contracts that include engineering, procurement and construction services are generally accounted for as a single deliverable (a single performance obligation). In some instances, the Company’s services associated with a construction activity are limited only to specific tasks such as customer support, consulting or supervisory services. In these instances, the services are typically identified as separate performance obligations.
The Company recognizes revenue using the percentage-of-completion method, based primarily on contract costs incurred to date compared to total estimated contract costs. Estimated contract costs include the Company’s latest estimates using judgments with respect to labor hours and costs, materials, and subcontractor costs. The percentage-of-completion method (an input method) is the most representative depiction of the Company’s performance because it directly measures the value of the services transferred to the customer. Subcontractor materials, labor and equipment and, in certain cases, customer-furnished materials and labor and equipment are included in revenue and cost of revenue when management believes that the company is acting as a principal rather than as an agent (e.g., the company integrates the materials, labor and equipment into the deliverables promised to the customer or is otherwise primarily responsible for fulfillment and acceptability of the materials, labor and/or equipment). Under the typical payment terms of our engineering, procurement and construction contracts, amounts are billed as work progresses in accordance with agreed-upon contractual terms at periodic intervals (e.g., biweekly or monthly) and customer payments are typically due within 30 to 60 days of billing, depending on the contract.
For service contracts, the Company recognizes revenue over time using the cost-to-cost percentage-of-completion method. In some instances where the Company is standing ready to provide services, the Company recognizes revenue ratably over the service period. Under the typical payment terms of our service contracts, amounts are billed as work progresses in accordance with agreed-upon contractual terms, and customer payments are typically due within 30 to 60 days of billing, depending on the contract.
Direct costs of contracts include all costs incurred in connection with and directly for the benefit of client contracts, including depreciation and amortization relating to assets used in providing the services required by the related projects. The level of direct costs of contracts may fluctuate between reporting periods due to a variety of factors, including the amount of pass through costs we incur during a period. On those projects where we are acting as principal for subcontract labor or third-party materials and equipment, we reflect the amounts of such items in both revenues and costs (and we refer to such costs as “pass through costs”).
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Accounting for Pension Plans
The accounting for pension plans requires the use of assumptions and estimates in order to calculate periodic pension cost and the value of the plans’ assets and liabilities. These assumptions include discount rates, investment returns and projected salary increases, among others. The actuarial assumptions used in determining the funded statuses of the plans are provided in Note 13- Pension and Other Postretirement Benefit Plans of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements beginning on page F-1 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
The expected rates of return on plan assets ranged from 2% to 7% for fiscal 2022 and range from 3.3% to 7.5% fiscal 2023. We believe the range of rates selected for fiscal 2023 reflects the long-term returns expected on the plans’ assets, considering recent market conditions, projected rates of inflation, the diversification of the plans’ assets, and the expected real rates of market returns. The discount rates used to compute plan liabilities ranged from 2.4% to 7.4% in fiscal 2022 and range from 2.4% to 7.4% in fiscal 2023. These assumptions represent the Company’s best estimate of the rates at which its pension obligations could be effectively settled.
Changes in the actuarial assumptions often have a material effect on the values assigned to plan assets and liabilities, and the associated pension expense. For example, if the discount rate used to value the net pension benefit obligation (“PBO”) at September 30, 2022 was lower or higher by 1.0%, the PBO would have been higher or lower, respectively, at that date by approximately $156.8 million for non-U.S. plans, and by approximately $23.7 million for U.S. plans. If the expected return on plan assets was lower or higher by 1.0%, the net periodic pension cost for fiscal 2022 would be higher or lower, respectively, by approximately $21.2 million for non-U.S. plans, and by approximately $3.4 million for U.S. plans. Differences between actuarial assumptions and actual performance (i.e., actuarial gains and losses) that are not recognized as a component of net periodic pension cost in the period in which such differences arise are recorded to accumulated other comprehensi ve income (loss) and are recognized as part of net periodic pension cost in future periods in accordance with U.S. GAAP. Management monitors trends in the marketplace within which our pension plans operate in an effort to assure the reasonableness of the actuarial assumptions used.
Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests
In connection with the PA Consulting investment, the Company recorded redeemable noncontrolling interests, representing the interest holders' 35% equity interest in the form of preferred and common shares of PA Consulting. The preferred shares are entitled to a cumulative annual compounding 12% dividend based on the outstanding preferred share subscription price. These interest holders have certain option rights to put the preferred and common share interests back to the Company at a value based on the fair value of PA Consulting (the redemption values). The primary inputs and assumptions impacting the fair value of PA Consulting include projections of revenue and earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization and discount rates applied thereto. Additionally, the Company has an option to call the interests for certain individual shareholders in certain circumstances. Because the interests are redeemable at the option of the holders and not solely within the control of the Company, the Company classified the interests in redeemable noncontrolling interests within its Consolidated Balance Sheet at their redemption values. The optional redemption features may become exercisable no earlier than five years from the March 2, 2021 closing date, or upon the occurrence of certain other events.
The Company has deemed these interests probable of becoming redeemable in the future and requiring their measurement at the greater of (i) the redemption amount that would be paid if settlement occurred at the balance sheet date, or (ii) the historical value resulting from the original acquisition date fair value plus the impact of any earnings or loss attribution amounts, including dividends. The fair value of the PA Consulting redeemable noncontrolling interest is determined using a combination of the income and market approaches. Under the income approach, fair value is determined by using the projected discounted cash flows of PA Consulting. Under the market approach, the fair value is determined by reference to guideline companies that are reasonably comparable to PA Consulting; the fair value is estimated based on the valuation multiples of earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization.
Litigation, Investigations, and Insurance
In the normal course of business, we make contractual commitments, and on occasion we are a party in litigation or arbitration proceedings. The litigation in which we are involved primarily includes personal injury claims, professional liability claims, and breach of contract claims. We are also routinely subject to investigations and audits.
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We maintain insurance coverage for most insurable aspects of our business and operations. Our insurance programs have varying coverage limits depending upon the type of insurance, and include certain conditions and exclusions which insurance companies may raise in response to any claim that the Company brings. We have also elected to retain a portion of certain losses, claims and liabilities that occur through the use of various deductibles, limits, and retentions under our insurance programs and utilize a number of internal financing mechanisms for these self insurance arrangements including the operation of certain captive insurance entities. As a result, we may be subject to a future liability for which we are only partially insured or completely uninsured. We intend to mitigate any such future liability by continuing to exercise prudent business judgment in negotiating the terms and conditions of the contracts which the Company enters with its clients. Our insurers are also subject to business risk and, as a result, one or more of them may be unable to fulfill their insurance obligations due to insolvency or otherwise.
Our Consolidated Balance Sheets include amounts representing our probable estimated liability relating to such claims, litigation, audits, and investigations. Our estimates of probable liabilities require us to make assumptions related to potential losses regarding our determination of amounts considered probable and estimable.
The Company believes, after consultation with counsel, that such litigation, U.S. government contract-related audits, investigations and claims, and income tax audits and investigations should not have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial statements, beyond amounts currently accrued.
Goodwill and Intangible Assets
Goodwill represents the excess of the fair value of consideration transferred, plus the fair value of any non-controlling interests in the acquiree, over the fair value of the net assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the acquisition date. We recognize purchased intangible assets in connection with our business acquisitions at fair value on the acquisition date.
The goodwill carried on our Consolidated Balance Sheets is tested annually for possible impairment, and on an interim basis if indicators of possible impairment exist. For purposes of impairment testing, goodwill is assigned to the applicable reporting units based on the current reporting structure. In performing the annual impairment test, we evaluate our goodwill at the reporting unit level. The Company performs the annual goodwill impairment test for the reporting units at the beginning of the fourth quarter of its fiscal year.
We evaluate impairment of goodwill either by assessing qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of our reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, or by performing a quantitative assessment. Qualitative factors include industry and market considerations, overall financial performance, and other relevant events and circumstances affecting the reporting unit. If we choose to perform a qualitative assessment and after considering the totality of events or circumstances, we determine it is more likely than not that the fair value of our reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, we would perform a quantitative fair value test.
U.S. GAAP does not prescribe a specific valuation method for estimating the fair value of reporting units. Any valuation technique used to estimate the fair value of a reporting unit requires the use of significant estimates and assumptions, including revenue growth rates, operating margins, discount rates and future market conditions, among others.
We use income and market approaches to test our goodwill for possible impairment which requires us to make estimates and judgments. Under the income approach, fair value is determined by using the discounted cash flows of our reporting units. The Company’s discount rate reflects a weighted average cost of capital (“WACC”) for a peer group of companies representative of the Company’s respective reporting units. Under the market approach, the fair values of our reporting units are determined by reference to guideline companies that are reasonably comparable to our reporting units; the fair values are estimated based on the valuation multiples of the invested capital associated with the guideline companies. In assessing whether there is an indication that the carrying value of goodwill has been impaired, we utilize the results of both valuation techniques and consider the range of fair values indicated.
It is possible that changes in facts and circumstances, judgments and assumptions used in estimating the fair value, including with respect to market conditions and the economy, could change, resulting in possible impairment of goodwill in the future. The fair values resulting from the valuation techniques used are not necessarily representative of the values we might obtain in a sale of the reporting units to willing third parties.
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For the 2022 fiscal year, we have determined that the fair value of our reporting units substantially exceeded their respective carrying values for the Consolidated Balance Sheets presented and any analysis beyond the qualitative level was not considered necessary.
Intangible assets with finite lives that arise from business acquisitions are amortized based on the period over which the contractual or economic benefit of the intangible assets are expected to be realized or on a straight-line basis over the useful lives of the underlying assets. These primarily consist of customer relationships, contracts and backlog, developed technology and trade names. We assess the recoverability of the unamortized balance of our intangible assets when indicators of impairment are present based on expected future profitability and undiscounted expected cash flows and their contribution to overall operations. Should the review indicate that the carrying value is not fully recoverable, the excess of the carrying value over the fair value of the intangible assets would be recognized as an impairment loss.
Page 55

JACOBS SOLUTIONS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EARNINGS
For the Fiscal Years Ended September 30, 2022, October 1, 2021 and October 2, 2020
(In thousands, except per share information)

| September 30, 2022 |  | October 1, 2021 |  | October 2, 2020
Revenues | $ | 14,922,825 |  |  | $ | 14,092,632 |  |  | $ | 13,566,975 |
Direct cost of contracts | (11,595,785) |  |  | (11,048,860) |  |  | (10,980,307) |
Gross profit | 3,327,040 |  |  | 3,043,772 |  |  | 2,586,668 |
Selling, general and administrative expenses | (2,409,190) |  |  | (2,355,683) |  |  | (2,050,695) |
Operating Profit | 917,850 |  |  | 688,089 |  |  | 535,973 |
Other Income (Expense): |  |  |  |  |
Interest income | 4,489 |  |  | 3,503 |  |  | 4,729 |
Interest expense | (100,246) |  |  | (72,714) |  |  | (62,206) |
Miscellaneous income (expense), net | 54,254 |  |  | 76,724 |  |  | (37,293) |
Total other (expense) income, net | (41,503) |  |  | 7,513 |  |  | (94,770) |
Earnings from Continuing Operations Before Taxes | 876,347 |  |  | 695,602 |  |  | 441,203 |
Income Tax Expense for Continuing Operations | (160,903) |  |  | (274,781) |  |  | (55,320) |
Net Earnings of the Group from Continuing Operations | 715,444 |  |  | 420,821 |  |  | 385,883 |
Net (Loss) Earnings of the Group from Discontinued Operations | (32) |  |  | 10,008 |  |  | 137,984 |
Net Earnings of the Group | 715,412 |  |  | 430,829 |  |  | 523,867 |
Net Earnings Attributable to Noncontrolling Interests from Continuing Operations | (36,788) |  |  | (39,213) |  |  | (32,022) |
Net (Earnings) Loss Attributable to Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests | (34,585) |  |  | 85,414 |  |  | — |
Net Earnings Attributable to Jacobs from Continuing Operations | 644,071 |  |  | 467,022 |  |  | 353,861 |
Net Earnings Attributable to Jacobs | $ | 644,039 |  |  | $ | 477,030 |  |  | $ | 491,845 |
Net Earnings Per Share: |  |  |  |  |
Basic Net Earnings from Continuing Operations Per Share | $ | 5.01 |  |  | $ | 3.15 |  |  | $ | 2.69 |
Basic Net Earnings from Discontinued Operations Per Share | $ | — |  |  | $ | 0.08 |  |  | $ | 1.05 |
Basic Earnings Per Share | $ | 5.01 |  |  | $ | 3.22 |  |  | $ | 3.74 |
Diluted Net Earnings from Continuing Operations Per Share | $ | 4.98 |  |  | $ | 3.12 |  |  | $ | 2.67 |
Diluted Net Earnings from Discontinued Operations Per Share | $ | — |  |  | $ | 0.08 |  |  | $ | 1.04 |
Diluted Earnings Per Share | $ | 4.98 |  |  | $ | 3.20 |  |  | $ | 3.71 |

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2022 Overview
Net earnings attributable to the Company from continuing operations for fiscal 2022 were $644.1 million (or $4.98 per diluted share), an increase of $177.0 million, or 37.9%, from $467.0 million (or $3.12 per diluted share) for the prior year. The current year results reflected higher year-over-year operating profit of $229.8 million, which benefited from the full-year operating results impact of the Company's PA Consulting investment acquired on March 2, 2021, the absence of one-time deal and related other charges in the 2021 fiscal period associated with this investment of approximately $297 million, including one-time compensation charges of $261 million and favorable year over year operating results for the remaining Jacobs businesses, primarily in P&PS, as discussed below in the Segment Financial Information section. These favorable operating profit impacts were offset in part by higher year-over-year Restructuring and other charges and transaction costs (excluding the above mentioned one-time deal and related PA Consulting investment costs) in the current year, including pre-tax settlement charges associated with the Legacy CH2M Matter (as defined in Note 19 - Contractual Guarantees, Litigation, Investigations and Insurance) of $91.3 million, approximately $27 million in third party recoveries was recorded as receivables reducing selling, general & administrative expense (SG&A), $78.4 million associated with the Company's transformation initiatives relating to real estate rescaling (see Note 17 - Restructuring and Other Charges) and year-over-year increases in intangibles amortization costs of $48.8 million which was due mainly to full year impacts of acquired intangible assets from the PA Consulting investment.
Other income (expense), net was unfavorable $(49.0) million for the current year compared to corresponding fiscal 2021 amounts, due mainly to pre-tax fair value gains associated with our former investments in Worley stock (net of Worley stock dividend and related foreign exchange items) which was sold in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2021, and C3 (as defined in Note 8- Joint ventures, VIEs and other investments) of $34.7 million and $49.6 million, respectively, as well as higher interest expense of $27.5 million in the current year compared to the prior year due to higher outstanding levels of debt outstanding and higher interest rates. Additionally, current year fiscal 2022 other income (expense) benefited from the absence of the prior year $38.6 million impairment charges of our investment in AWE Management Ltd. ("AWE ML") as well as a $13.9 million gain on sale of a cost investment and other favorable items during the current fiscal 2022 year-to-date period.
Income taxes were lower in the current year by $(113.9) million due primarily to the absence of fiscal 2021 income taxes attributable to certain nondeductible compensation related charges associated with the Company's PA Consulting investment, and fiscal 2021 $25.6 million in tax law changes enacted in the United Kingdom and the prior year change in valuation allowance of $38.9 million and other miscellaneous favorable tax items combined with current year-to-date tax benefits of $33.1 million for a change in the realizability of foreign tax credits due to a change in the U.S. foreign tax credit regulations and $26.0 million for a change in judgment on the realizability of domestic deferred tax assets which are capital in nature.
Finally, unfavorable year-over-year net earnings impacts associated with redeemable noncontrolling interests of $120.0 million were attributable mainly to the absence of the 2021 period redeemable noncontrolling interests in connection with the non-controlling interest portion of the one-time compensation charges incurred in the PA Consulting investment mentioned above of approximately $91 million, as well as the impact of the full year-to-date effects of the redeemable noncontrolling interests share of PA Consulting's operating results in fiscal 2022. Fiscal 2021 earnings per share was impacted by the $(0.44) per share impact of the value allocation update between preferred and common shares for the PA Consulting investment.
For discussion of discontinued operations, see Note 17 - Sale of Energy, Chemicals and Resources ("ECR") Business.
On February 4, 2022, the Company acquired StreetLight Data, Inc. ("StreetLight") and on November 19, 2021, a subsidiary of Jacobs acquired BlackLynx ("BlackLynx"). For further discussion, see Note 15- Other Business Combinations.
Backlog at September 30, 2022 was $27.9 billion, up $1.2 billion, from $26.6 billion for the prior year. New prospects and new sales remain strong, and the Company continues to have a positive outlook for many of the industry groups and sectors in which our clients operate.
The Company continues to evaluate its leased office space for possible abandonment or sublease options and believes that further programs associated with these activities may be entered into in fiscal 2023, which could result in future significant right of use asset impairment charges and lease related property, equipment & improvements.
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Results of Operations
Fiscal 2022 Compared to Fiscal 2021
Revenues for the year ended September 30, 2022 were $14.92 billion, an increase of $830.2 million, or 5.9%, from $14.09 billion for the prior year. The increase in revenues was due mainly to fiscal 2022 incremental revenues from the PA Consulting investment completed in March 2021, the Buffalo Group acquisition in November 2020, and the StreetLight and BlackLynx acquisitions in fiscal year 2022, as well as revenue benefits from increased spending in our U.S. government business sector client base. These increases in revenues for the current year were partially offset by declines in pass through revenues in our P&PS advanced facilities business. Additionally, the current fiscal year was unfavorably impacted by (1) certain large contract wind downs in the U.S and (2) foreign currency translation of $346.3 million in our international businesses, as compared to favorable impacts of $238.6 million for the corresponding period last year.
Pass through costs included in revenues for the year ended September 30, 2022 were $2.32 billion, in comparison to $2.38 billion in the prior year. In general, pass through costs are more significant on projects that have a higher content of field services activities. Pass through costs are generally incurred at specific points during the life cycle of a project and are highly dependent on the needs of our individual clients and the nature of the clients’ projects. However, because we have hundreds of projects that start at various times within a fiscal year, the effect of pass through costs on the level of direct costs of contracts can vary between fiscal years without there being a fundamental or significant change to the underlying business.
Gross profit for the year ended September 30, 2022 was $3.33 billion, up $283.3 million, or 9.3%, from $3.04 billion for the prior year. Our gross profit margins were 22.3% and 21.6% for the years ended September 30, 2022 and October 1, 2021, respectively. The increase in our gross profit and gross profit margins were mainly attributable to the current year impacts of the recent business acquisitions mentioned above and favorable impacts from the business results of our PA Consulting investment on a year-to-date basis along with revenue benefits from increased spending in the U.S. government business sector noted above. The increases in gross profit during the current year were partially offset by the impacts from the recent large contract wind downs in the U.S. mentioned above, as well as increases in labor costs associated with moderation of COVID-19 mitigation efforts and a competitive labor market along with inflation impacts and incremental investments to support projected top-line growth.
See Segment Financial Information discussion for further information on the Company’s results of operations at the operating segment level.
Selling, general & administrative expenses for the year ended September 30, 2022 were $2.41 billion, an increase of $53.5 million, or 2.3%, from $2.36 billion for the prior year. The current year's results were impacted by incremental SG&A expenses from the business acquisitions mentioned above (mainly PA Consulting) of $150.0 million (including $48.9 million in additional amortization expense for acquired intangibles and excluding the compensation related charge discussed below) due to the prior comparable period including activity related to the acquired businesses and investment in PA Consulting only for the partial periods subsequent to the applicable acquisition date. Additionally, Restructuring and other charges for fiscal 2022 included $91.3 million pre-tax attributable to the final settlement of the Legacy CH2M Matter, approximately $27 million in third party recoveries was recorded as receivables reducing SG&A, which is further discussed in Note 19- Contractual Guarantees, Litigation, Investigations and Insurance) and $78.3 million in costs associated in part with the Company's transformation initiatives relating to real estate. Also, fiscal 2022 SG&A expenses were impacted by higher personnel costs associated with investments in advance of expected growth anticipated in late 2022 and 2023. As noted above, the prior year included Restructuring and other charges of $261 million for pre-tax costs incurred in connection with the investment in PA Consulting, in part classified as compensation costs reported in selling, general and administrative expenses. Lastly, SG&A expenses benefited from favorable foreign exchange impacts of $76.4 million for the year ended September 30, 2022 as compared to unfavorable impacts of $75.9 million for fiscal 2021.
Net interest expense for the year ended September 30, 2022 was $95.8 million, an increase of $26.5 million from $69.2 million for the prior year. The increase in net interest expense year over year is primarily due to the higher levels of debt outstanding due to the funding of the StreetLight and BlackLynx acquisitions and increased borrowings associated with the payment of the Legacy CH2M Matter settlement in the current year, in addition to higher interest rates. Additionally, the increase is also impacted by higher levels of average debt outstanding related to the funding of the PA Consulting investment in March of fiscal 2021.
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Miscellaneous income (expense), net for the year ended September 30, 2022 was income of $54.3 million, a decrease of $22.5 million as compared to $76.7 million in income for the prior year. The $22.5 million decrease from fiscal 2021 was due primarily to impacts in the prior year periods of pre-tax unrealized gains of $34.7 million associated with our former investment in Worley stock (including the Worley stock dividend) and certain foreign currency revaluations relating to the ECR sale, which was sold during fiscal year 2021 and $49.6 million in the Company's investment holding in C3, as further discussed in Note 11 - J oint Ventures, VIEs and Other Investments, respectively. Offsetting these favorable items in the prior year was an other-than-temporary impairment charge on our investment in AWE ML of $38.6 million. Fiscal 2022 benefited primarily from a $13.9 million pre-tax gain related to a cost method investment sold during the period.
The following table reconciles total income tax expense on continuing operations using the statutory U.S. federal income tax rate to the consolidated income tax expense on continuing operations shown in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Earnings for the years ended September 30, 2022, October 1, 2021 and October 2, 2020 (dollars in thousands):

| For the Years Ended
| September 30, 2022 |  | % |  | October 1, 2021 |  | % |  | October 2, 2020 |  | %
Statutory amount | $ | 184,033 |  |  | 21.0 | % |  | $ | 146,078 |  |  | 21.0 | % |  | $ | 92,652 |  |  | 21.0 | %
State taxes, net of the federal benefit | 19,316 |  | 2.2 | % |  | 14,564 |  |  | 2.1 | % |  | 7,254 |  |  | 1.6 | %
Exclusion of tax on non-controlling interests | (7,533) |  | (0.9) | % |  | (7,999) |  |  | (1.1) | % |  | (6,622) |  |  | (1.5) | %
Foreign: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Difference in tax rates of foreign operations | (2,516) |  | (0.3) | % |  | 3,684 |  |  | 0.5 | % |  | (6,267) |  |  | (1.4) | %
Expense/(benefit) from foreign valuation allowance change | 2,982 |  | 0.3 | % |  | 2,148 |  |  | 0.3 | % |  | (16,861) |  |  | (3.8) | %
Nondeductible compensation | — |  | — | % |  | 48,727 |  |  | 7.0 | % |  | — |  |  | — | %
U.S. tax cost (benefit) of foreign operations | 48,843 |  |  | 5.6 | % |  | 35,228 |  |  | 5.1 | % |  | 42,992 |  |  | 9.7 | %
Tax differential on foreign earnings | 49,309 |  |  | 5.6 | % |  | 89,787 |  |  | 12.9 | % |  | 19,864 |  |  | 4.5 | %
Foreign tax credits | (33,734) |  | (3.8) | % |  | (25,230) |  |  | (3.6) | % |  | (26,471) |  |  | (6.0) | %
Tax Rate Change | 3,210 |  |  | 0.4 | % |  | 25,588 |  |  | 3.7 | % |  | (6,811) |  |  | — | %
Valuation allowance | (59,121) |  | (6.7) | % |  | 38,928 |  |  | 5.6 | % |  | — |  |  | — | %
Uncertain tax positions | (1,439) |  | (0.2) | % |  | 978 |  |  | 0.1 | % |  | (11,338) |  |  | (2.6) | %
Other items: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Energy efficient commercial buildings deduction | (2,681) |  | (0.3) | % |  | (3,760) |  |  | (0.5) | % |  | (7,267) |  |  | (1.6) | %
Disallowed officer compensation | 6,034 |  | 0.7 | % |  | 6,689 |  |  | 1.0 | % |  | 5,081 |  |  | 1.2 | %
Stock compensation | (2,168) |  | (0.2) | % |  | (9,946) |  |  | (1.4) | % |  | (10,234) |  |  | (2.3) | %
Other items – net | 5,677 |  | 0.6 | % |  | (896) |  |  | (0.1) | % |  | (788) |  |  | (0.2) | %
Total other items | 6,862 |  | 0.8 | % |  | (7,913) |  | (1.1) | % |  | (13,208) |  | (3.0) | %
Taxes on income from continuing operations | $ | 160,903 |  |  | 18.4 | % |  | $ | 274,781 |  |  | 39.5 | % |  | $ | 55,320 |  |  | 12.5 | %

The Company’s consolidated effective income tax rate for the year ended September 30, 2022 decreased to 18.4% from 39.5% for fiscal 2021. Key drivers for the year-over-year decrease in the effective tax rate include current year benefits of $33.1 million for a change in the realizability of foreign tax credits due to a change in the U.S. foreign tax credit regulations and $26.0 million for a change in judgment on the realizability of domestic deferred tax assets which are capital in nature, as compared to prior year unfavorable impacts from valuation allowances of $38.9 million. The prior year effective tax rate was also impacted by $261 million in nondeductible compensation relating to the PA investment post-completion compensation expense and $25.6 million related to tax rate changes in the United Kingdom.
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Segment Financial Information
The following tables present total revenues and segment operating profit for each reportable segment (in thousands) and includes a reconciliation of segment operating profit to total U.S. GAAP operating profit by including certain corporate-level expenses and expenses relating to the Restructuring other charges (as defined in Note 17- Restructuring and Other Charges) and transaction costs (in thousands).

| For the Years Ended
| September 30, 2022 |  | October 1, 2021 |  | October 2, 2020
Revenues from External Customers: |  |  |  |  |
Critical Mission Solutions | $ | 5,233,629 |  |  | $ | 5,087,052 |  |  | $ | 4,965,952 |
People & Places Solutions | 8,569,900 |  |  | 8,378,179 |  |  | 8,601,023 |
PA Consulting | 1,119,296 |  |  | 627,401 |  |  | — |
Total | $ | 14,922,825 |  |  | $ | 14,092,632 |  |  | $ | 13,566,975 |

| For the Years Ended
| September 30, 2022 |  | October 1, 2021 |  | October 2, 2020
Segment Operating Profit: |  |  |  |  |
Critical Mission Solutions | $ | 424,385 |  |  | $ | 447,161 |  |  | $ | 372,070 |
People & Places Solutions (1) | 823,564 |  |  | 780,380 |  |  | 740,707 |
PA Consulting | 232,225 |  |  | 151,071 |  |  | — |
Total Segment Operating Profit | 1,480,174 |  |  | 1,378,612 |  |  | 1,112,777 |
Other Corporate Expenses (2) | (364,440) |  |  | (340,129) |  |  | (249,391) |
Restructuring, Transaction and Other Charges (3) | (197,884) |  |  | (350,394) |  |  | (327,413) |
Total U.S. GAAP Operating Profit | 917,850 |  |  | 688,089 |  |  | 535,973 |
Total Other (Expense) Income, net (4) | (41,503) |  |  | 7,513 |  |  | (94,770) |
Earnings from Continuing Operations Before Taxes | $ | 876,347 |  |  | $ | 695,602 |  |  | $ | 441,203 |

(1) | Includes $19.5 million, net, in charges related to a legal settlement for the year ended October 1, 2021.
(2) | Other corporate expenses include intangibles amortization of $198.6 million, $149.8 million and $90.6 million for the years ended September 30, 2022, October 1, 2021 and October 2, 2020, respectively, with the comparative increase mainly attributable to higher amortization from the PA Consulting investment.
(3) | Included in the year ended September 30, 2022 is $91.3 million pre-tax related to the final settlement of the Legacy CH2M Matter, net of previously recorded reserves, approximately $27 million in third party recoveries was recorded as receivables reducing SG&A and $78.3 million of real estate impairment charges. Included in the year ended October 1, 2021 is $297.8 million of costs incurred in connection with the investment in PA Consulting, in part classified as compensation costs. Included in the years ended October 1, 2021 and October 2, 2020 were $2.4 million and $161.4 million in charges associated mainly with real estate impairments.
(4) | The year ended September 30, 2022 included a $13.9 million gain related to a cost method investment sold during the period and a gain of $8.7 million related to lease terminations. The years ended October 1, 2021 and October 2, 2020 include $34.7 million and $(74.3) million in fair value adjustments related to our investment in Worley stock (net of Worley stock dividends) and certain foreign currency revaluations relating to ECR sale proceeds, respectively. The year ended October 1, 2021 includes $(38.5) million related to impairment of our AWE Management Ltd. investment and $49.6 million in fair value adjustments related to our investment in C3 stock. The investments in Worley and C3 were sold in fiscal 2021 and therefore there are no comparable amounts in the current fiscal year. Additionally, the increase in net interest expense year over year is primarily due to the higher levels of debt outstanding due to the funding of the StreetLight and BlackLynx acquisitions and increased borrowings associated with the payment of the Legacy CH2M Matter settlement in the current year, in addition to higher interest rates.

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In evaluating the Company’s performance by operating segment, the CODM reviews various metrics and statistical data for each Line of Business ("LOB") and PA Consulting, but focuses primarily on revenues and operating profit. As discussed above, segment operating profit includes not only local SG&A expenses but the SG&A expenses of the Company’s support groups that have been allocated to the segments. In addition, the Company attributes each segment's specific incentive compensation plan costs to the segments. The revenues of the People & Places Solutions LOB are more affected by pass through revenues than the Critical Mission Solutions LOB or the PA Consulting segment. The methods for recognizing revenue, incentive fees, project losses and change orders are consistent among the segments.
In the first quarter of fiscal 2023, the Company will begin reporting an additional operating segment, Divergent Solutions (DVS), in addition to the current operating segments.
Critical Mission Solutions

| For the Years Ended
| September 30, 2022 |  | October 1, 2021 |  | October 2, 2020
Revenue | $ | 5,233,629 |  |  | $ | 5,087,052 |  |  | $ | 4,965,952 |
Operating Profit | $ | 424,385 |  |  | $ | 447,161 |  |  | $ | 372,070 |

Critical Mission Solutions (CMS) segment revenues for the year ended September 30, 2022 were $5.23 billion, up $146.6 million, or 2.9%, from $5.09 billion for the prior year. Our increase in revenue was primarily attributable to recent acquisitions in addition to recent contract awards including the Department of Energy Nuclear remediation program, offset in part by several large U.S. Cyber and Intelligence contracts winding down in the U.S. Impacts on revenues from unfavorable foreign currency translation were approximately $69.1 million for the year ended September 30, 2022, compared to $61.8 million in favorable impacts in the corresponding prior year.
Operating profit for the segment was $424.4 million for the year ended September 30, 2022, down $22.8 million, or 5.1%, from $447.2 million for the prior year. The year-over-year decrease in operating profit was unfavorably impacted by the larger contract wind downs mentioned above, which carried higher profit margins. This is partly offset by new business and U.S. government contract awards during fiscal year 2022. Impacts on operating profit from unfavorable foreign currency translation were approximately $8.4 million for the year ended September 30, 2022, compared to $9.7 million in favorable impacts in the corresponding prior year.
People & Places Solutions

| For the Years Ended
| September 30, 2022 |  | October 1, 2021 |  | October 2, 2020
Revenue | $ | 8,569,900 |  |  | $ | 8,378,179 |  |  | $ | 8,601,023 |
Operating Profit | $ | 823,564 |  |  | $ | 780,380 |  |  | $ | 740,707 |

Revenues for the People & Places Solutions (P&PS) segment for the year ended September 30, 2022 were $8.57 billion, up $191.7 million, or 2.3%, from $8.38 billion for the prior year. The increase in revenues from fiscal 2021 was primarily due to higher fee-based revenue from our advanced facilities and international businesses offset in part by lower pass through revenues across the business as compared to the prior year corresponding period. Foreign currency translation had an unfavorable impact of $195.0 million on our international business for the year ended September 30, 2022, compared to $176.8 million in favorable impacts in the corresponding prior year.
Operating profit for the segment for the year ended September 30, 2022 was $823.6 million, an increase of $43.2 million, or 5.5%, from $780.4 million for the comparative period in fiscal 2021. The year-over-year increase was driven by the revenue growth mentioned above but partially offset by higher personnel costs associated with investments in advance of expected growth anticipated in 2023. In addition, fiscal 2021 operating profit was impacted by $19.5 million in net charges related to a legal settlement. Impacts on operating profit from unfavorable foreign currency translation were approximately $33.9 million for the year ended September 30, 2022, compared to $30.9 million in favorable impacts in the corresponding prior year.
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PA Consulting

| For the Years Ended
| September 30, 2022 |  | October 1, 2021 |  | October 2, 2020
Revenue | $ | 1,119,296 |  |  | $ | 627,401 |  |  | $ | — |
Operating Profit | $ | 232,225 |  |  | $ | 151,071 |  |  | $ | — |

Revenues for the PA Consulting segment for the year ended September 30, 2022 were $1.12 billion, up $491.9 million, or 78.4%, from $627.4 million for the prior year. The increase in revenue was due primarily to the full year-to-date impact of revenues from our March 2, 2021 investment in PA Consulting and was also due to growth in the U.K. business. Foreign currency translation had a $82.2 million unfavorable impact on revenues in our international businesses for the year ended September 30, 2022, compared to a favorable impact of $50.9 million for the corresponding prior year.
Operating profit for the segment for the year ended September 30, 2022 was $232.2 million, an increase of $81.2 million, or 53.7%, from $151.1 million, for the prior year. The increase in operating profit from the prior year was due mainly to the full year-to-date impact of operating profit from our March 2, 2021 investment in PA Consulting, offset in part by PA Consulting normalization of utilization rates during the second half of fiscal year 2022. Foreign currency translation had a $17.1 million unfavorable impact on operating profit in our international businesses for the year ended September 30, 2022 and a favorable impact of $11.8 million for the corresponding prior year.
Other Corporate Expenses
Other corporate expenses were $364.4 million, $340.1 million and $249.4 million for the years ended September 30, 2022, October 1, 2021 and October 2, 2020, respectively. The increase from fiscal 2021 to fiscal 2022 was due primarily to higher intangible amortization expense from the StreetLight and BlackLynx acquisitions and the PA Consulting investment, as well as impacts from higher Company benefit program costs, partially offset by lower legal costs and reduced employee related expenses in the fourth quarter.
Included in other corporate expenses in the above table are costs and expenses that relate to general corporate activities as well as corporate-managed benefit and insurance programs. Such costs and expenses include: (i) those elements of SG&A expenses relating to the business as a whole; (ii) those elements of our incentive compensation plans relating to corporate personnel whose other compensation costs are not allocated to the LOBs; (iii) the amortization of intangible assets acquired as part of business combinations; (iv) the quarterly variances between the Company’s actual costs of certain of its self-insured integrated risk and employee benefit programs and amounts charged to the LOBs; and (v) certain adjustments relating to costs associated with the Company’s international defined benefit pension plans. In addition, other corporate expenses may also include from time to time certain adjustments to contract margins (both positive and negative) associated with projects, as well as other items, where it has been determined that such adjustments are not indicative of the performance of the related LOB.
Restructuring and Other Charges
For discussion regarding Restructuring and other charges, see Note 17- Restructuring and Other Charges to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
Backlog Information
We include in backlog the total dollar amount of revenues we expect to record in the future as a result of performing work under contracts that have been awarded to us. Our policy with respect to Operations & Maintenance ("O&M") contracts, however, is to include in backlog the amount of revenues we expect to receive for one succeeding year, regardless of the remaining life of the contract. For national government programs (other than national government O&M contracts, which are subject to the same policy applicable to all other O&M contracts), our policy is to include in backlog the full contract award, whether funded or unfunded, excluding option periods. Because of variations in the nature, size, expected duration, funding commitments and the scope of services required by our contracts, the timing of when backlog will be recognized as revenues can vary greatly between individual contracts.
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Consistent with industry practice, substantially all of our contracts are subject to cancellation or termination at the option of the client, including our U.S. government work. While management uses all information available to it to determine backlog, at any given time our backlog is subject to changes in the scope of services to be provided as well as increases or decreases in costs relating to the contracts included therein. Backlog is not necessarily an indicator of future revenues.
Because certain contracts (e.g., contracts relating to large Engineering, Procurement & Construction ("EPC") projects as well as national government programs) can cause large increases to backlog in the fiscal period in which we recognize the award, and because many of our contracts require us to provide services that span over several fiscal quarters (and sometimes over fiscal years), we evaluate our backlog generally on a year-over-year basis, but also on a sequential, quarter-over-quarter basis, where appropriate.
Please refer to Item 1A- Risk Factors, above, for a discussion of other factors that may cause backlog to ultimately convert into revenues at different amounts.
The following table summarizes our backlog for the years ended September 30, 2022, October 1, 2021 and October 2, 2020 (in millions):

| September 30, 2022 |  | October 1, 2021 |  | October 2, 2020
Critical Mission Solutions | $ | 10,561 |  |  | $ | 10,589 |  |  | $ | 9,104 |
People & Places Solutions | 17,032 |  |  | 15,738 |  |  | 14,714 |
PA Consulting | 269 |  |  | 304 |  |  | — |
Total | $ | 27,862 |  |  | $ | 26,631 |  |  | $ | 23,818 |

Critical Mission Solutions backlog was generally consistent and in line with the prior year comparable period backlog. Critical Mission Solutions has been awarded a number of key opportunities in the U.S. government space for the years presented.
The increase in backlog in People & Places Solutions for the years presented was primarily driven by new business awards in our advanced facilities business.
The PA Consulting backlog was unfavorably impacted by the weakening British pound throughout the second half fiscal year 2022. Excluding foreign currency impacts, PA Consulting backlog benefited from modest growth.
Backlog relating to work to be performed either directly or indirectly for the U.S. federal government and its agencies totaled approximately $10.9 billion (or 39.1% of total backlog), $10.8 billion (or 40.5% of total backlog) and $8.5 billion (or 35.7% of total backlog) at September 30, 2022, October 1, 2021 and October 2, 2020, respectively. Most of our federal government contracts require that services be provided beyond one year. In general, these contracts must be funded annually (i.e., the amounts to be spent under the contract must be appropriated by the U.S. Congress to the procuring agency, and then the agency must allot these sums to the specific contracts).
We estimate that approximately $9.40 billion, or 33.7%, of total backlog at September 30, 2022 will be realized as revenues within the next fiscal year.
Consolidated backlog differs from the Company’s remaining performance obligations as defined by ASC 606 primarily because of our national government contracts (other than national government O&M contracts). Our policy is to include in backlog the full contract award, whether funded or unfunded excluding the option periods while our remaining performance obligations represent a measure of the total dollar value of work to be performed on contracts awarded and in progress. Additionally, the Company includes our proportionate share of backlog related to unconsolidated joint ventures which is not included in our remaining performan ce obligations.
For a discussion on the year ended October 1, 2021 compared to the year ended October 2, 2020, please refer to Part II, Item 7. “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended October 1, 2021.
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Liquidity and Capital Resources
At September 30, 2022, our principal sources of liquidity consisted of $1.14 billion in cash and cash equivalents and $1.14 billion of available borrowing capacity under our $2.25 billion revolving credit agreement (the "Revolving Credit Facility"). We finance much of our operations and growth through cash generated by our operations.
The amount of cash and cash equivalents at September 30, 2022 represented an increase of $126.2 million from $1.01 billion at October 1, 2021, the reasons for which are described below.
Our cash flow provided by operations of $474.7 million during fisc al 2022 was comparative ly lower than the $726.3 million in cash flow provided by operations for the prior year. This change was due primarily to the Legacy CH2M Matter cash settlement paid in the current fiscal year and the impact of the PA Consulting post-completion compensation payments made during the prior fiscal year, with the absence of these two items resulting in near-flat year-over-year cash flow from operations.
Our cash used for investing activities for fiscal 2022 of $538.42 million was comparatively lower than the $1.38 billion cash used for investing activities for the prior year. The decrease was due primarily to the acquisitions of StreetLight and BlackLynx in the current year compared to the considerably larger prior year investment in PA Consulting and the Buffalo Group acquisition, partially offset by proceeds received from the Company's disposal of the Worley and C3 investments and the final ECR sale working capital settlement in fiscal 2021.
Our cash provided by financing activit ies for the fiscal year ended 2022 of $320.2 million resulted mainly from net proceeds from borrowings of $719.0 million primarily in connection with the StreetLight and BlackLynx acquisitions and funding of the Legacy CH2M Matter cash settlement, offset by cash used for share repurchases of $281.9 million and $115.9 million in dividends to shareholders. Cash provided by financing activities was $799.0 million in fiscal 2021 and resulted mainly from net proceeds from borrowings of $1.22 billion, partially offset by common stock repurchases of $274.9 million and dividend payments to shareholders of $107.2 million.
At September 30, 2022, the Company had approximately $230.5 million in cash and cash equivalents held in the U.S. and $909.9 million held outside of the U.S. (primarily in the U.K., the Eurozone, Australia, India, Japan, Israel, Canada and the United Arab Emirates), which is used primarily for funding operations in those regions. Other than the tax cost of repatriating funds to the U.S. (see Note 7- Income Taxes of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements beginning on page F-1 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K), there are no material impediments to repatriating these funds to the U.S.
In connection with the Company's implementation of a new holding company structure, which was completed in August 2022, the Company launched an offer to repurchase its outstanding Senior Notes, as defined in Note 9, Borrowings, at par plus accrued and unpaid interest, and without any make-whole premium. On October 7, 2022, the Company repaid $481 million of Senior Notes held by holders who accepted the offer with proceeds from our long-term Revolving Credit Facility.
On April 12, 2022, the Company paid cash of AUD640 million, or approximately $475 million using mid-April 2022 exchange rates, which represented the final settlement of Legacy CH2M Matter. For more information, refer to Note 19- Contractual Guarantees, Litigation, Investigations and Insurance.
On February 4, 2022, the Company acquired StreetLight Data, Inc. ("StreetLight"). StreetLight is a pioneer of mobility analytics who uses its data and machine learning resources to shed light on mobility and enable users to solve complex transportation problems. The Company paid total base consideration of approximately $190.7 million in cash, and issued $0.9 million in equity and $5.2 million in in-the-money stock options to the former owners of StreetLight. The Company also paid off StreetLight's debt of approximately $1.0 million simultaneously with the consummation of the acquisition.
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On November 19, 2021, Jacobs acquired BlackLynx, a provider of high-performance software, to complement Jacobs' portfolio of cyber, intelligence and digital solutions. The Company paid total base consideration of approximately $235.4 million in cash to the former owners of BlackLynx. In conjunction with the acquisition, the Company also paid off BlackLynx's debt of approximately $5.3 million simultaneously with the consummation of the acquisition.
On March 2, 2021, Jacobs completed the strategic investment of a 65% interest in PA Consulting, a UK-based leading innovation and transformation consulting firm. The total consideration paid by the Company was$1.7 billion, funded through cash on hand, a new term loan and draws on the Company's existing revolver. The remaining 35% interest is held by PA Consulting employees. See Note 14- PA Consulting Business Combination for more discussion on the investment and Note 9- Borrowings for more discussion on the financing for the transaction.
On January 20, 2021, the Company entered into an unsecured delayed draw term loan facility (the “2021 Term Loan Facility”) with a syndicate of financial institutions as lenders. Under the 2021 Term Loan Facility, the Company borrowed an aggregate principal amount of $200.0 million and £650.0 million. The proceeds of the term loans were used primarily to fund the investment in PA Consulting. The 2021 Term Loan Facility contains affirmative and negative covenants and events of default customary for financings of this type that are consistent with those included in the Revolving Credit Facility and the Company’s unsecured term loan facility dated March 25, 2020 (the “2020 Term Loan Facility”). The 2020 Term Loan Facility and the 2021 Term Loan Facility are together referred to as the "Term Loan Facilities".
On November 24, 2020, a subsidiary of Jacobs completed the acquisition of Buffalo Group, a leader in advanced cyber and intelligence solutions which allows Jacobs to further expand its cyber and intelligence solutions offerings to government clients. The Company paid total consideration o f $190.1 million, which was comprised of approximately $182.4 million in cash to the former owners of Buffalo Group and contingent consideration of $7.7 million which was expected to be settled in fiscal 2022. See Note 15- Other Business Combinations for further discussion.
The Company had $280.5 million in letters of credit outstanding at September 30, 2022. Of this amount, $1.3 million was issued under the Revolving Credit Facility and $279.2 million wa s issued under separate, committed and uncommitted letter-of-credit facilities.
We believe we have adequate liquidity and capital resources to fund our projected cash requirements for the next twelve months based on the liquidity provided by our cash and cash equivalents on hand, our borrowing capacity and our continuing cash from operations.
We were in compliance with all of our debt covenants at September 30, 2022.
New Accounting Pronouncements
ASU 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform, (Topic 848): Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting is intended to provide relief for entities impacted by reference rate reform and contains provisions and optional expedients designed to simplify requirements around designation of hedging relationships, probability assessments of hedged forecasted transactions and accounting for modifications of contracts that refer to LIBOR or other rates affected by reference rate reform. The guidance is elective and is effective on the date of issuance. ASU 2020-04 is applied prospectively to contract modifications and as of the effective date for existing and new eligible hedging relationships. The guidance is temporary and will generally not be applicable to contract modifications which occur after December 31, 2022. The adoption of the new guidance in the first quarter of fiscal 2022 allowed the Company to continue its British pound denominated interest rate hedge relationships which previously defined LIBOR as the benchmark interest rate and in December 2021 were amended to replace LIBOR with the Sterling Overnight Index Average rate ("SONIA").
ASU No. 2021-08, Business Combinations (Topic 805): Accounting for Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities from Contracts with Customers, is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022, with early adoption permitted. ASU 2021-08 requires contract assets and contract liabilities (i.e., deferred revenue) acquired in a business combination to be recognized and measured by the acquirer on the acquisition date in accordance with ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. Generally, this new guidance will result in the acquirer recognizing contract assets and contract liabilities at the same amounts recorded by the acquiree. The Company adopted the new guidance in the first quarter of fiscal 2022 and the adoption had no impact on the Company's financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
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Item 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
We do not enter into derivative financial instruments for trading, speculation or other similar purposes that would expose the Company to market risk. In the normal course of business, our results of operations are exposed to risks associated with fluctuations in interest rates and currency exchange rates.
Interest Rate Risk
Please see the Note 9- Borrowings in Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements beginning on Page F-1 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, which is incorporated herein by reference, for a discussion of the Revolving Credit Facility, Term Loan Facilities and Note Purchase Agreement.
Our Revolving Credit Facility, Term Loan Facilities and certain other debt obligations are subject to variable rate interest which could be adversely affected by an increase in interest rates. As of September 30, 2022, we had an aggregate of $2.9 billion in outstanding borrowings under our Revolving Credit Facility and Term Loan Facilities. Interest on amounts borrowed under these agreements is subject to adjustment based on the C ompany’s Consolidated Leverage Ratio (as defined in the credit agreements governing the Revolving Credit Facility and the Term Loan Facilities). Depending on the Company’s Consolidated Leverage Ratio, borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility and the Term Loan Facilities bear interest at a Eurocurrency rate plus a margin of between 0.875% and 1.625% or a base rate plus a margin of between 0% and 0.625%. Additionally, if our consolidated leverage ratio exceeds a certain amount, the interest on the Senior Notes may increase by 75 basis points. However, as discussed in Note 18- Commitments and Contingencies and Derivative Financial Instrument s, we have entered into swap agreements with an aggregate notional value of $876.2 million to convert the variable rate interest-based liabilities associated with a corresponding amount of our debt into fixed interest rate liabilities, leaving $2.0 billion in principal amount subject to variable interest rate risk. Additionally, during fiscal 2022, we entered into two treasury lock arrangements with an aggregate notional value of $500.0 million as of September 30, 2022, which is discussed in further detail in Note 18- Commitments and Contingencies and Derivative Financial Instrument s.
For the year ended September 30, 2022, our weighted average floa ting rate borrowings that are subject to floating rate exposure were approximately $2.3 billion. If floating interest rates had increased by 1.00%, our interest expense for the year ended September 30, 2022 would have increased by approximately $22.6 million.
Foreign Currency Risk
In situations where our operations incur contract costs in currencies other than their functional currency, we sometimes enter into foreign exchange contracts to limit our exposure to fluctuating foreign currencies. We follow the provisions of ASC No. 815, Derivatives and Hedging in accounting for our derivative contracts. The Company has $298.2 million in notional value of exchange rate sensitive instruments at September 30, 2022. See Note 18- Commitments and Contingencies and Derivative Financial Instruments for discussion.
Item 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
The information required by this Item 8 is submitted as a separate section beginning on page F-1 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K and is incorporated herein by reference.
Item 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE
None.
I tem 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Disclosure controls and procedures are those controls and procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our reports filed or submitted under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”) are recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our reports filed under the Exchange Act is accumulated and
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communicated to management, including our Chair and Chief Executive Officer (principal executive officer) and Chief Financial Officer (principal financial officer), to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
The Company’s management, with the participation of its Chair and Chief Executive Officer (principal executive officer) and Chief Financial Officer (principal financial officer), evaluated the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures as defined by Rule 13a-15(e) of the Exchange Act as of September 30, 2022, the end of the period covered by this Annual Report on Form 10-K (the “Evaluation Date”). Based on that evaluation, the Company’s management, with the participation of the Chair and Chief Executive Officer (principal executive officer) and Chief Financial Officer (principal financial officer) concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures as of the Evaluation Date were effective to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms and that such information is accumulated and communicated to the Company’s management, including the Company’s Chair and Chief Executive Officer (principal executive officer) and Chief Financial Officer (principal financial officer), as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
Management is responsible for establishing and maintaining for the Company adequate internal control over financial reporting, as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Exchange Act. Management, with the participation of its Chair and Chief Executive Officer (principal executive officer) and Chief Financial Officer (principal financial officer), has assessed the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of the Evaluation Date based on the framework established in “Internal Control—Integrated Framework,” issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (2013 framework). Based on this assessment, management has concluded that the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of the Evaluation Date was effective.
The Company's independent registered public accounting firm, Ernst & Young LLP, that audited the Company's consolidated financial statements included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, also audited the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of September 30, 2022, as stated in their report included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Changes in Internal Control
There were no changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting during the Company’s fiscal quarter ended September 30, 2022 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.
Limitations on Effectiveness of Controls
The Company’s management, including its Chair and Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, does not expect that its disclosure controls and procedures or its system of internal control over financial reporting will prevent or detect all errors and all fraud. A control system, no matter how well designed or operated, can provide only reasonable, but not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the system of internal control are met. The design of the Company’s control system reflects the fact that there are resource constraints, and that the benefits of such control systems must be considered relative to their costs. Further, because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control failures and instances of fraud, if any, within the Company have been detected. These inherent limitations include the realities that judgments in decision-making can be faulty and that breakdowns can occur because of simple error or mistake. Additionally, controls can be circumvented by the intentional acts of individuals, by collusion of two or more people, or by management override of the controls. The design of any system of controls is also based in part on certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that the design of any particular control will always succeed in achieving its objective under all potential future conditions.
Item 9B. OTHER INFORMATION
None.
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PART III
Item 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
Directors, Executive Officers, Promoters and Control Persons
The information required by Paragraph (a), and Paragraphs (c) through (g) of Item 401 of Regulation S-K (except for information required by Paragraph (e) of that Item to the extent the required information pertains to our executive officers) and Item 405 of Regulation S-K is set forth under the caption “Members of the Board of Directors” and “Corporate Governance” in our definitive proxy statement to be filed with the SEC pursuant to Regulation 14A within 120 days after the close of our fiscal year and is incorporated herein by reference. The information required by Paragraph (b) of Item 401 of Regulation S-K, as well as the information required by Paragraph (e) of that Item to the extent the required information pertains to our executive officers, is set forth in Part I, Item 1 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K under the heading “Information About Our Executive Officers.”
Code of Ethics
We have adopted a code of ethics for our Chair and Chief Executive Officer and senior financial officers; a code of business conduct and ethics for members of our Board of Directors and corporate governance guidelines. The full text of these codes of ethics and corporate governance guidelines are available at our website at www.jacobs.com. In the event we make any amendment to, or grant any waiver from, a provision of the code of ethics that applies to the principal executive officer, principal financial officer or principal accounting officer that requires disclosure under applicable SEC rules, we will disclose such amendment or waiver and the reasons therefor on our website. We will provide any person without charge a copy of any of the aforementioned codes of ethics upon receipt of a written request. Requests should be addressed to: Jacobs Solutions Inc., 1999 Bryan Street, Suite 1200, Dallas, Texas 75201, Attention: Corporate Secretary.
Corporate Governance
The information required by Items 407(d)(4) and (d)(5) of Regulation S-K is set forth under the caption “Corporate Governance” in our definitive proxy statement to be filed with the SEC pursuant to Regulation 14A within 120 days after the close of our fiscal year and is incorporated herein by reference.
Item 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
The information required by this Item is set forth under the captions “Corporate Governance,” “Compensation Committee Report,” “Compensation Discussion and Analysis” and “Executive Compensation” in our definitive proxy statement to be filed with the SEC pursuant to Regulation 14A within 120 days after the close of our fiscal year and is incorporated herein by reference.
Item 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS
The information required by this Item is set forth in our definitive proxy statement to be filed with the SEC pursuant to Regulation 14A within 120 days after the close of our fiscal year and is incorporated herein by reference.
Item 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE
The information required by this Item is set forth under the captions “Members of The Board of Directors,” “Corporate Governance,” and “Certain Relationships and Related Transactions” in our definitive proxy statement to be filed with the SEC pursuant to Regulation 14A within 120 days after the close of our fiscal year and is incorporated herein by reference.
Item 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICES
The Company's independent registered public accounting firm is Ernst & Young, LLP, Dallas, TX, Auditor Firm ID: 42.
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The information required by this Item is set forth under the captions “Report of the Audit Committee” and “Audit and Non-Audit Fees” in our definitive proxy statement to be filed with the SEC pursuant to Regulation 14A within 120 days after the close of our fiscal year and is incorporated herein by reference.
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PART IV
EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Item 15. EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES
(a) Documents filed as part of this report:
(1)The Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements at September 30, 2022 and October 1, 2021 and for each of the three years in the period ended September 30, 2022, and the notes thereto, together with the report of the independent auditors on those Consolidated Financial Statements are hereby filed as part of this report, beginning on page F-1.
(2)Financial statement schedules – no financial statement schedules are presented as the required information is either not applicable, or is included in the consolidated financial statements or notes thereto.
(3)See Exhibit Index below.
(b) Exhibit Index:

2.1 |  |  | Agreement and Plan of Merger among The KeyW Holding Corporation, Jacobs Engineering Group Inc. and Atom Acquisition Sub, Inc., dated April 21, 2019. Filed as Exhibit 2.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K on April 22, 2019 and incorporated herein by reference.
2.2 |  |  | Amended and Restated Stock and Asset Purchase Agreement, dated as of April 26, 2019, by and between Jacobs Engineering Group Inc. and WorleyParsons Limited. Filed as Exhibit 2.1 to the Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K on April 29, 2019 and incorporated herein by reference.
2.3 |  |  | Implementation Deed, dated as of November 27, 2020, by and among PA Consulting Group Limited, CEP IV Garden S.A.R.L., Jacobs Consulting Solutions Limited, Jacobs Engineering Group Inc. and the persons set out in Schedule 1 thereto. Filed as Exhibit 2.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K on November 30, 2020 and incorporated herein by reference.
2.4 |  |  | Warranty Deed, dated as of November 27, 2020, by and among the Warrantors named therein and Jacobs Consulting Solutions Limited. Filed as Exhibit 2.2 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K on November 30, 2020 and incorporated herein by reference.
3.1 |  | Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Jacobs Solutions Inc. Filed as Exhibit 3.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K on August 29, 2022 and incorporated herein by reference.
3.2 |  | Amended and Restated Bylaws of Jacobs Solutions Inc., dated as of October 11, 2022. Filed as Exhibit 3.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K/A on October 1 4, 202 2 and incorporated herein by reference.
4.1† |  | Description of the Registrant’s Securities.
10.1 |  |  | Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated March 27, 2019, by and among Jacobs Engineering Group Inc., certain of its subsidiaries party thereto, the lenders party thereto and Bank of America, N.A., as administrative agent. Filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K on March 28, 2019 and incorporated herein by reference.
10.2 |  |  | First Amendment to Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated as of December 16, 2020, among Jacobs Engineering Group Inc., the designated borrowers party thereto, and the lenders thereto, and Bank of America, N.A., as administrative agent, to the Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement dated as of March 27, 2019, by and among Jacobs Engineering, Inc., the designated borrowers party thereto, the lenders from time to time party thereto and Bank of America, N.A., as administrative agent. Filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K on December 18, 2020 and incorporated herein by reference.
10.3 |  | Second Amendment to Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated as of December 6, 2021, between Jacobs Engineering Group Inc. and Bank of America, N.A., as administrative agent, to the Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement dated as of March 27, 2019, by and among Jacobs Engineering, Inc., the designated borrowers party thereto, the lenders party thereto, and Bank of America, N.A., as administrative agent. Filed as Exhibit 10.4 to the Registrants Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the first quarter of fiscal 2022 and incorporated herein by reference.
10.4† |  | Third Amendment to Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated as of August 26, 2022, between Jacobs Engineering Group Inc. and Bank of America, N.A., as administrative agent, to the Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement dated as of March 27, 2019, by and among Jacobs Engineering, Inc., the designated borrowers party thereto, the lenders party thereto, and Bank of America, N.A., as administrative agent.

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10.5 |  |  | Note Purchase Agreement, dated March 12, 2018, by and between Jacobs Engineering Group Inc. and the Purchasers identified therein. Filed as Exhibit 4.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K on March 13, 2018, and incorporated herein by reference.
10.6 |  |  | First Amendment to the Note Purchase Agreement, dated May 11, 2018, by and among Jacobs Engineering Group Inc. and the Purchasers identified therein. Filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K on May 15, 2018 and incorporated herein by reference.
10.7 |  | Credit Agreement, dated as of March 25, 2020, among Jacobs Engineering Group Inc. and Jacobs U.K. Limited, as borrowers, the lenders party thereto, Bank of America, N.A. as administrative agent, Bank of America, N.A., BNP Paribas and Wells Fargo Bank, N.A., as co-syndication agents, The Bank of Nova Scotia, HSBC Bank USA, National Association, USA, PNC Bank, National Association, TD Bank, N.A., Tru i st Bank and U.S. Bank National Association, as co-documentation agents, and BofA Securities, Inc., BNP Paribas Securities Corp. and Wells Fargo Securities, LLC, as joint lead arrangers and joint bookrunners. Filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K on March 27, 2020 and incorporated herein by reference.
10.8 |  | Amendment to Credit Agreement (LIBOR Transition), dated as of December 6, 2021, among Jacobs Engineering Group Inc. and Jacobs U.K. Limited, as borrowers, and Bank of America, N.A., as administrative agent, to the Credit Agreement, dated as of March 25, 2020, by and among Jacobs Engineering Group Inc. and Jacobs U.K. Limited, as borrowers, the lenders party thereto, and Bank of America, N.A. as administrative agent. Filed as Exhibit 10.5 to the Registrants Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the first quarter of fiscal 2022 and incorporated herein by reference.
10.9† |  | Second Amendment to Credit Agreement, dated as of August 26, 2022, among Jacobs Engineering Group Inc. and Jacobs U.K. Limited, as borrowers, and Bank of America, N.A., as administrative agent, to the Credit Agreement, dated as of March 25, 2020, by and among Jacobs Engineering Group Inc. and Jacobs U.K. Limited, as borrowers, the lenders party thereto, and Bank of America, N.A. as administrative agent.
10.10 |  | Term Loan Agreement, dated as of January 20, 2021, among Jacobs Engineering Group Inc., the lenders party thereto, Bank of America, N.A., as administrative agent, Bank of America, N.A., BNP Paribas, TD Bank, N.A. and Wells Fargo Bank, National Associate, as co-syndication agents, The Bank of Nova Scotia, HSBC Bank USA, National Association, National Westminster Bank PLC, PNC Bank, National Association, and U.S. Bank National Association, as documentation agents, and BofA Securities, Inc., BNP Paribas Securities Corp.TD Securities (USA) LLC and Wells Fargo Securities, LLC, as joint lead arrangers and joint bookrunners. Filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K on January 21, 2021 and incorporated herein by reference.
10.11 |  | Amendment to Term Loan Agreement (LIBOR Transition), dated as of December 6, 2021, between Jacobs Engineering Group Inc. and Bank of America, N.A., as administrative agent, to the Term Loan Agreement, dated as of January 20, 2021, among Jacobs Engineering Group Inc., the lenders party thereto, and Bank of America, N.A., as administrative agent. Filed as Exhibit 10.6 to the Registrants Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and incorporated herein by reference.
10.12† |  | Second Amendment to Term Loan Agreement, dated as of August 26, 2022, between Jacobs Engineering Group Inc. and Bank of America, N.A., as administrative agent, to the Term Loan Agreement, dated as of January 20, 2021, among Jacobs Engineering Group Inc., the lenders party thereto, and Bank of America, N.A., as administrative agent.
10.13# |  | Offer Letter by and between Jacobs Engineering Group Inc. and Steven J. Demetriou, dated July 10, 2015. Filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K on July 16, 2015 and incorporated herein by reference.
10.14# |  | Offer Letter by and between Jacobs Engineering Group Inc. and Kevin C. Berryman, effective November 12, 2014. Filed as Exhibit 99.1 to Amendment No. 1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K/A on November 17, 2014 and incorporated herein by reference.
10.15# |  | Offer letter by and between Jacobs Engineering Group Inc. and Robert V. Pragada, dated January 28, 2016. Filed as Exhibit 10.61 to the Registrant’s fiscal 2016 Annual Report on Form 10-K and incorporated herein by reference.
10.16# |  | Offer letter by and between Jacobs Engineering Group Inc. and William Benton Allen, Jr. dated October 4, 2016. Filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K on October 14, 2016 and incorporated herein by reference.
10.17# |  | Offer Letter by and between Jacobs Engineering Group Inc. and Dawne Hickton, effective June 3, 2019. Filed as Exhibit 10.2 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 10-Q on August 5, 2019 and incorporated herein by reference.
10.18# |  | Form of Indemnification Agreement entered into between Jacobs Engineering Group Inc. and certain of its officers and directors. Filed as Exhibit 10.12 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K on Novembe r 23, 2021 and incorporated herein by reference
10.19# |  | Jacobs Solutions Inc. 1989 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (as amended and restated on August 29, 2022). Filed as Exhibit 4.3 to the Registrant’s Post Effective Amendment No. 1 to Form S-8 on August 29, 2022 and incorporated herein by reference.

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10.20# |  | Jacobs Solutions Inc. (StreetL i ght) 2011 Stock Plan, as amended and restated, effective August 29, 2022. Filed as Exhibit 4.4 to the Registrant’s Post Effective Amendment No. 1 to Form S-8 on August 29, 2022.
10.21# |  | Jacobs Engineering Group Inc. Executive Deferral Plan, effective January 1, 2018. Filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K on October 2, 2017 and incorporated herein by reference.
10.22#† |  | Jacobs Solutions Inc. Directors Deferral Plan, as amended and restated effective August 29, 2022.
10.23# |  | Jacobs Solutions Inc. 1999 Stock Incentive Plan, as amended and restated, effective August 29, 2022. Filed as Exhibit 4.2 to the Registrant’s Post Effective Amendment No. 1 to Form S-8 on August 29, 2022 and incorporated herein by reference.
10.24# |  | Jacobs Solutions Inc. 1999 Outside Director Stock Plan, as amended and restated effective August 29, 2022. Filed as Exhibit 4.1 to the Registrant’s Post Effective Amendment No. 1 to Form S-8 on August 29, 2022 and incorporated herein by reference.
10.25#† |  | Jacobs Solutions Inc. Executive Severance Plan, as amended and restated effective November 16, 2022.
10.26# |  | Form of Restricted Stock Unit Agreement (with dividend equivalent rights) (awarded pursuant to the Jacobs Engineering Group Inc. 1999 Stock Incentive Plan). Filed as Exhibit 10.39 to the Registrant's fiscal 2017 Annual Report on Form 10-K and incorporated herein by reference.
10.27# |  | Form of Stock Option Award Agreement (awarded pursuant to the Jacobs Engineering Group Inc. 1999 Outside Directors Stock Plan). Filed as Exhibit 10.2 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the second quarter of fiscal 2016 and incorporated herein by reference.
10.28# |  | Form of Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement (awarded pursuant to the Jacobs Engineering Group Inc. 1999 Outside Directors Stock Plan). Filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the second quarter of fiscal 2016 and incorporated herein by reference.
10.29# |  | Form of Restricted Stock Unit Agreement (Performance Shares - Earnings Per Share Growth - 2018 Award) (awarded pursuant to the Jacobs Engineering Group Inc. 1999 Stock Incentive Plan). Filed as Exhibit 10.4 to the Registrant's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the first quarter of fiscal 2018 and incorporated herein by reference.
10.30# |  | Form of Restricted Stock Unit Agreement (Performance Shares - ROIC - 2018 Award) (awarded pursuant to the Jacobs Engineering Group Inc. 1999 Stock Incentive Plan). Filed as Exhibit 10.5 to the Registrant's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the first quarter of fiscal 2018 and incorporated herein by reference.
10.31# |  | Form of Restricted Stock Unit Agreement (Performance Shares - Earnings Per Share Growth - 2019 Award) (awarded pursuant to the Jacobs Engineering Group Inc. 1999 Stock Incentive Plan). Filed as Exhibit 10.3 to the Registrant's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the first quarter of fiscal 2018 filed February 6, 2019 and incorporated herein by reference.
10.32# |  | Form of Restricted Stock Unit Agreement (Performance Shares - ROIC - 2019 Award) (awarded pursuant to the Jacobs Engineering Group Inc. 1999 Stock Incentive Plan). Filed as Exhibit 10.4 to the Registrant's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the first quarter of fiscal 2018 filed February 6, 2019 and incorporated herein by reference.
10.33# |  | Form of Restricted Stock Unit Agreement (Time-Based Vesting) (awarded pursuant to the Jacobs Engineering Group Inc. 1999 Stock Incentive Plan). Filed as Exhibit 10.6 to the Registrant's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the first quarter of fiscal 2018 and incorporated herein by reference.
10.34# |  | Form of Restricted Stock Unit Agreement (awarded pursuant to the Jacobs Engineering Group, Inc. 1999 Outside Director Stock Plan). Filed as Exhibit 10.7 to the Registrant's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the first quarter of fiscal 2018 and incorporated herein by reference.
10.35# |  | Form of Restricted Stock Unit Agreement (Performance Shares – Earnings Per Share Growth – 2020 Award) (awarded pursuant to the Jacobs Engineering Group Inc. 1999 Stock Incentive Plan). Filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the first quarter of fiscal 2020 and incorporated herein by reference.
10.36# |  | Form of Restricted Stock Unit Agreement (Performance Shares – ROIC – 2020 Award) (awarded pursuant to the Jacobs Engineering Group Inc. 1999 Stock Incentive Plan). Filed as Exhibit 10.2 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the first quarter of fiscal 2020 and incorporated herein by reference.

Page 72

10.37# |  | Form of Restricted Stock Unit Agreement (Time-Based Vesting) (awarded pursuant to the Jacobs Engineering Group Inc. 1999 Stock Incentive Plan). Filed as Exhibit 10.3 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the first quarter of fiscal 2020 and incorporated herein by reference.
10.38# |  | Form of Restricted Stock Unit Agreement (Performance Shares – Earnings Per Share Growth) (awarded pursuant to the Jacobs Engineering Group Inc. 1999 Stock Incentive Plan). Filed as Exhibit 10.2 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the first quarter of fiscal 2021 and incorporated herein by reference.
10.39# |  | Form of Restricted Stock Unit Agreement (Performance Shares – ROIC) (awarded pursuant to the Jacobs Engineering Group Inc. 1999 Stock Incentive Plan). Filed as Exhibit 10.3 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the first quarter of fiscal 2021 and incorporated herein by reference.
10.40# |  | Form of Restricted Stock Unit Agreement (Time-Based Vesting) (awarded pursuant to the Jacobs Engineering Group Inc. 1999 Stock Incentive Plan). Filed as Exhibit 10.4 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the first quarter of fiscal 2021 and incorporated herein by reference.
10.41# |  | Form of Restricted Stock Unit Agreement (Performance Shares – Earnings Per Share Growth) (awarded pursuant to the Jacobs Engineering Group Inc. 1999 Stock Incentive Plan). Filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrants Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the first quarter of fiscal 2022 and incorporated herein by reference.
10.42# |  | Form of Restricted Stock Unit Agreement (Performance Shares – ROIC) (awarded pursuant to the Jacobs Engineering Group Inc. 1999 Stock Incentive Plan). Filed as Exhibit 10.2 to the Registrants Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the first quarter of fiscal 2022 and incorporated herein by reference.
10.43# |  | Form of Restricted Stock Unit Agreement (Time-Based Vesting) (awarded pursuant to the Jacobs Engineering Group Inc. 1999 Stock Incentive Plan). Filed as Exhibit 10.3 to the Registrants Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the first quarter of fiscal 2022 and incorporated herein by reference.
10.44#† |  | Jacobs Engineering Group Inc. Leadership Performance Plan, as amended and restated effective August 29, 2022.
21† |  | List of Subsidiaries of Jacobs Solutions Inc.
23† |  | Consent of Ernst & Young LLP, Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm.
31.1† |  | Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
31.2† |  | Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.1† |  | Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes- Oxley Act of 2002.
32.2† |  | Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes- Oxley Act of 2002.
101.INS† |  | XBRL Instance Document
101.SCH† |  | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CAL† |  | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.DEF† |  | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
101.LAB† |  | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
101.PRE† |  | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
104† |  | XBRL Coverpage interactive data file

† | Being filed herewith.

Page 73

# | Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.

SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

|  |  |  |  |  | JACOBS SOLUTIONS INC.
Dated: |  | November 21, 2022 |  | By: |  | /S/ Steven J. Demetriou
|  |  |  |  |  | Steven J. Demetriou
|  |  |  |  |  | Chair of the Board and Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer)

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the Registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated:

Signature |  | Title |  | Date
/S/ Steven J. Demetriou |  | Chair of the Board and Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer) |  | November 21, 2022
Steven J. Demetriou |  |  |  |
/S/ Vincent K. Brooks |  | Director |  | November 21, 2022
Vincent K. Brooks |  |  |  |
/S/ Peter J. Robertson |  | Director |  | November 21, 2022
Peter J. Robertson |  |  |  |
/S/ Ralph E. Eberhart |  | Director |  | November 21, 2022
Ralph E. Eberhart |  |  |  |
/S/ Manny Fernandez |  | Director |  | November 21, 2022
Manny Fernandez |  |  |  |
/S/ Georgette D. Kiser |  | Director |  | November 21, 2022
Georgette D. Kiser |  |  |  |
/S/ Barbara L. Loughran |  | Director |  | November 21, 2022
Barbara L. Loughran |  |  |  |
/S/ Robert A. McNamara |  | Director |  | November 21, 2022
Robert A. McNamara |  |  |  |
/S/ Priya Abani |  | Director |  | November 21, 2022
Priya Abani |  |  |  |
/S/ Christopher M.T. Thompson |  | Director |  | November 21, 2022
Christopher M.T. Thompson |  |  |  |
/S/ Kevin C. Berryman |  | President and Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer) |  | November 21, 2022
Kevin C. Berryman |  |  |  |
/S/ William B. Allen, Jr. |  | Senior Vice President and Chief Accounting Officer (Principal Accounting Officer) |  | November 21, 2022
William B. Allen, Jr. |  |  |  |

Page 74

JACOBS SOLUTIONS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
WITH REPORTS OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
September 30, 2022
F-1

JACOBS SOLUTIONS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
September 30, 2022

Consolidated Balance Sheets at September 30, 2022 and October 1, 2021 |  | F-3
Consolidated Statements of Earnings for the Fiscal Years Ended September 30, 2022, October 1, 202 1 and October 2, 2020 |  | F-4
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the Fiscal Years Ended September 30, 2022, October 1, 2021 and October 2, 2020 |  | F-5
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity for the Fiscal Years Ended September 30, 2022, October 1, 2021 and October 2, 2020 |  | F-6
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Fiscal Years Ended September 30, 2022, October 1, 2021 and October 2, 2020 |  | F-7
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements |  | F-9
Reports of Ernst & Young LLP, Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm |  | F-62

F-2

JACOBS SOLUTIONS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(In thousands, except share information)

| September 30, 2022 |  | October 1, 2021
ASSETS |  |  |
Current Assets: |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 1,140,479 |  |  | $ | 1,014,249 |
Receivables and contract assets | 3,405,381 |  |  | 3,101,418 |
Prepaid expenses and other | 176,134 |  |  | 176,228 |
Total current assets | 4,721,994 |  |  | 4,291,895 |
Property, Equipment and Improvements, net | 346,676 |  |  | 353,117 |
Other Noncurrent Assets: |  |  |
Goodwill | 7,184,658 |  |  | 7,197,000 |
Intangibles, net | 1,394,052 |  |  | 1,565,758 |
Deferred income tax assets | 31,480 |  |  | 103,193 |
Operating lease right-of-use assets | 476,913 |  |  | 650,097 |
Miscellaneous | 504,646 |  |  | 471,549 |
Total other noncurrent assets | 9,591,749 |  |  | 9,987,597 |
| $ | 14,660,419 |  |  | $ | 14,632,609 |
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY |  |  |
Current Liabilities: |  |  |
Current maturities of long-term debt | $ | 50,415 |  |  | $ | 53,456 |
Accounts payable | 966,792 |  |  | 908,441 |
Accrued liabilities | 1,441,762 |  |  | 1,533,559 |
Operating lease liability | 150,171 |  |  | 172,414 |
Contract liabilities | 641,705 |  |  | 542,054 |
Total current liabilities | 3,250,845 |  |  | 3,209,924 |
Long-term debt | 3,357,256 |  |  | 2,839,933 |
Liabilities relating to defined benefit pension and retirement plans | 271,332 |  |  | 418,080 |
Deferred income tax liabilities | 269,077 |  |  | 214,380 |
Long-term operating lease liability | 607,447 |  |  | 758,358 |
Other deferred liabilities | 167,548 |  |  | 559,375 |
Commitments and Contingencies |  |  |
Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests | 632,522 |  |  | 657,722 |
Stockholders’ Equity: |  |  |
Capital stock: |  |  |
Preferred stock, $1 par value, authorized - 1,000,000 shares; issued and outstanding - none | — |  |  | — |
Common stock, $1 par value, authorized - 240,000,000 shares; issued and outstanding - 127,393,378 shares and 128,892,540 shares as of September 30, 2022 and October 1, 2021, respectively | 127,393 |  |  | 128,893 |
Additional paid-in capital | 2,682,009 |  |  | 2,590,012 |
Retained earnings | 4,225,784 |  |  | 4,015,578 |
Accumulated other comprehensive loss | (975,130) |  |  | (794,442) |
Total Jacobs stockholders’ equity | 6,060,056 |  |  | 5,940,041 |
Noncontrolling interests | 44,336 |  |  | 34,796 |
Total Group stockholders’ equity | 6,104,392 |  |  | 5,974,837 |
| $ | 14,660,419 |  |  | $ | 14,632,609 |

See the accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
F-3

JACOBS SOLUTIONS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EARNINGS
For the Fiscal Years Ended September 30, 2022, October 1, 2021 and October 2, 2020
(In thousands, except per share information)

| September 30, 2022 |  | October 1, 2021 |  | October 2, 2020
Revenues | $ | 14,922,825 |  |  | $ | 14,092,632 |  |  | $ | 13,566,975 |
Direct cost of contracts | (11,595,785) |  |  | (11,048,860) |  |  | (10,980,307) |
Gross profit | 3,327,040 |  |  | 3,043,772 |  |  | 2,586,668 |
Selling, general and administrative expenses | (2,409,190) |  |  | (2,355,683) |  |  | (2,050,695) |
Operating Profit | 917,850 |  |  | 688,089 |  |  | 535,973 |
Other Income (Expense): |  |  |  |  |
Interest income | 4,489 |  |  | 3,503 |  |  | 4,729 |
Interest expense | (100,246) |  |  | (72,714) |  |  | (62,206) |
Miscellaneous income (expense), net | 54,254 |  |  | 76,724 |  |  | (37,293) |
Total other (expense) income, net | (41,503) |  |  | 7,513 |  |  | (94,770) |
Earnings from Continuing Operations Before Taxes | 876,347 |  |  | 695,602 |  |  | 441,203 |
Income Tax Expense for Continuing Operations | (160,903) |  |  | (274,781) |  |  | (55,320) |
Net Earnings of the Group from Continuing Operations | 715,444 |  |  | 420,821 |  |  | 385,883 |
Net (Loss) Earnings of the Group from Discontinued Operations | (32) |  |  | 10,008 |  |  | 137,984 |
Net Earnings of the Group | 715,412 |  |  | 430,829 |  |  | 523,867 |
Net Earnings Attributable to Noncontrolling Interests from Continuing Operations | (36,788) |  |  | (39,213) |  |  | (32,022) |
Net (Earnings) Loss Attributable to Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests | (34,585) |  |  | 85,414 |  |  | — |
Net Earnings Attributable to Jacobs from Continuing Operations | 644,071 |  |  | 467,022 |  |  | 353,861 |
Net Earnings Attributable to Jacobs | $ | 644,039 |  |  | $ | 477,030 |  |  | $ | 491,845 |
Net Earnings Per Share: |  |  |  |  |
Basic Net Earnings from Continuing Operations Per Share | $ | 5.01 |  |  | $ | 3.15 |  |  | $ | 2.69 |
Basic Net Earnings from Discontinued Operations Per Share | $ | — |  |  | $ | 0.08 |  |  | $ | 1.05 |
Basic Earnings Per Share | $ | 5.01 |  |  | $ | 3.22 |  |  | $ | 3.74 |
Diluted Net Earnings from Continuing Operations Per Share | $ | 4.98 |  |  | $ | 3.12 |  |  | $ | 2.67 |
Diluted Net Earnings from Discontinued Operations Per Share | $ | — |  |  | $ | 0.08 |  |  | $ | 1.04 |
Diluted Earnings Per Share | $ | 4.98 |  |  | $ | 3.20 |  |  | $ | 3.71 |

See the accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
F-4

JACOBS SOLUTIONS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
For the Fiscal Years Ended September 30, 2022, October 1, 2021 and October 2, 2020
(In thousands)

| September 30, 2022 |  | October 1, 2021 |  | October 2, 2020
Net Earnings of the Group | $ | 715,412 |  |  | $ | 430,829 |  |  | $ | 523,867 |
Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income: |  |  |  |  |
Foreign currency translation adjustment | (397,819) |  |  | 15,585 |  |  | 64,052 |
Gain (loss) on cash flow hedges | 154,541 |  |  | 29,332 |  |  | (21,883) |
Change in pension and retiree medical plan liabilities | 92,527 |  |  | 142,135 |  |  | (75,334) |
Other comprehensive (loss) income before taxes | (150,751) |  |  | 187,052 |  |  | (33,165) |
Income Tax (Expense) Benefit: |  |  |  |  |
Foreign currency translation adjustment | 19,019 |  |  | (3,110) |  |  | (3,722) |
Cash flow hedges | (43,595) |  |  | (7,357) |  |  | 7,285 |
Change in pension and retiree medical plan liabilities | (5,361) |  |  | (37,970) |  |  | 13,357 |
Income Tax (Expense) Benefit: | (29,937) |  |  | (48,437) |  |  | 16,920 |
Net other comprehensive (loss) income | (180,688) |  |  | 138,615 |  |  | (16,245) |
Net Comprehensive Income of the Group | 534,724 |  |  | 569,444 |  |  | 507,622 |
Net Earnings Attributable to Noncontrolling Interests | (36,788) |  |  | (39,213) |  |  | (32,022) |
Net (Earnings) Loss Attributable to Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests | (34,585) |  |  | 85,414 |  |  | — |
Net Comprehensive Income Attributable to Jacobs | $ | 463,351 |  |  | $ | 615,645 |  |  | $ | 475,600 |

See the accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements including the Company's note on Other Financial Information for a presentation of amounts reclassified to net income during the period.
F-5

JACOBS SOLUTIONS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
For the Fiscal Years Ended September 30, 2022, October 1, 2021 and October 2, 2020
(In thousands)

| Common Stock |  | Additional Paid-in Capital |  | Retained Earnings |  | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) |  | Total Jacobs Stockholders’ Equity |  | Noncontrolling Interests |  | Total Group Stockholders’ Equity
Balances at September 27, 2019 | $ | 132,879 |  |  | $ | 2,559,450 |  |  | $ | 3,939,174 |  |  | $ | (916,812) |  |  | $ | 5,714,691 |  |  | $ | 53,967 |  |  | $ | 5,768,658 |
Net earnings | — |  |  | — |  |  | 491,845 |  |  | — |  |  | 491,845 |  |  | 32,022 |  |  | 523,867 |
Foreign currency translation adjustments, net of deferred taxes of $3,722 | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 60,330 |  |  | 60,330 |  |  | — |  |  | 60,330 |
Pension and retiree medical plan liability, net of deferred taxes of $(13,357) | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (61,977) |  |  | (61,977) |  |  | — |  |  | (61,977) |
Loss on derivatives, net of deferred taxes of $(7,285) | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (14,598) |  |  | (14,598) |  |  | — |  |  | (14,598) |
Dividends | — |  |  | — |  |  | (99,921) |  |  | — |  |  | (99,921) |  |  | — |  |  | (99,921) |
Noncontrolling interests - distributions and other | — |  |  | 5,002 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 5,002 |  |  | (46,034) |  |  | (41,032) |
Stock based compensation | — |  |  | 47,048 |  |  | 1,102 |  |  | — |  |  | 48,150 |  |  | — |  |  | 48,150 |
Issuances of equity securities including shares withheld for taxes | 998 |  |  | 17,890 |  |  | (9,447) |  |  | — |  |  | 9,441 |  |  | — |  |  | 9,441 |
Repurchases of equity securities | (4,129) |  |  | (30,944) |  |  | (302,178) |  |  | — |  |  | (337,251) |  |  | — |  |  | (337,251) |
Balances at October 2, 2020 | $ | 129,748 |  |  | $ | 2,598,446 |  |  | $ | 4,020,575 |  |  | $ | (933,057) |  |  | $ | 5,815,712 |  |  | $ | 39,955 |  |  | $ | 5,855,667 |
Net earnings | — |  |  | — |  |  | 477,030 |  |  | — |  |  | 477,030 |  |  | 39,213 |  |  | 516,243 |
Foreign currency translation adjustments, net of deferred taxes of $3,110 | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 12,475 |  |  | 12,475 |  |  | — |  |  | 12,475 |
Pension and retiree medical plan liability, net of deferred taxes of $37,970 | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 104,165 |  |  | 104,165 |  |  | — |  |  | 104,165 |
Gain on derivatives, net of deferred taxes of $7,357 | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 21,975 |  |  | 21,975 |  |  | — |  |  | 21,975 |
Dividends | — |  |  | — |  |  | (109,616) |  |  | — |  |  | (109,616) |  |  | — |  |  | (109,616) |
Noncontrolling interests - distributions and other | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (44,372) |  |  | (44,372) |
Redeemable Noncontrolling interests redemption value adjustment | — |  |  | — |  |  | (175,183) |  |  | — |  |  | (175,183) |  |  | — |  |  | (175,183) |
Stock based compensation | — |  |  | 56,221 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 56,221 |  |  | — |  |  | 56,221 |
Issuances of equity securities including shares withheld for taxes | 871 |  |  | 20,345 |  |  | (9,006) |  |  | — |  |  | 12,210 |  |  | — |  |  | 12,210 |
Repurchases of equity securities | (1,726) |  |  | (85,000) |  |  | (188,222) |  |  | — |  |  | (274,948) |  |  | — |  |  | (274,948) |
Balances at October 1, 2021 | $ | 128,893 |  |  | $ | 2,590,012 |  |  | $ | 4,015,578 |  |  | $ | (794,442) |  |  | $ | 5,940,041 |  |  | $ | 34,796 |  |  | $ | 5,974,837 |
Net earnings | — |  |  | — |  |  | 644,039 |  |  | — |  |  | 644,039 |  |  | 36,788 |  |  | 680,827 |
Foreign currency translation adjustments, net of deferred taxes of $(19,019) | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (378,800) |  |  | (378,800) |  |  | — |  |  | (378,800) |
Pension and retiree medical plan liability, net of deferred taxes of $5,361 | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 87,166 |  |  | 87,166 |  |  | — |  |  | 87,166 |
Gain on derivatives, net of deferred taxes of $43,595 | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 110,946 |  |  | 110,946 |  |  | — |  |  | 110,946 |
Dividends | — |  |  | — |  |  | (118,291) |  |  | — |  |  | (118,291) |  |  | — |  |  | (118,291) |
Noncontrolling interests - distributions and other | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (27,248) |  |  | (27,248) |
Redeemable Noncontrolling interests redemption value adjustment | — |  |  | — |  |  | (27,657) |  |  | — |  |  | (27,657) |  |  | — |  |  | (27,657) |
Repurchase and issuance of redeemable noncontrolling interests | — |  |  | — |  |  | 2,618 |  |  | — |  |  | 2,618 |  |  | — |  |  | 2,618 |
Stock based compensation | — |  |  | 53,383 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 53,383 |  |  | — |  |  | 53,383 |
Issuances of equity securities including shares withheld for taxes | 973 |  |  | 39,537 |  |  | (11,973) |  |  | — |  |  | 28,537 |  |  | — |  |  | 28,537 |
Repurchases of equity securities | (2,473) |  |  | (923) |  |  | (278,530) |  |  | — |  |  | (281,926) |  |  | — |  |  | (281,926) |
Balances at September 30, 2022 | $ | 127,393 |  |  | $ | 2,682,009 |  |  | $ | 4,225,784 |  |  | $ | (975,130) |  |  | $ | 6,060,056 |  |  | $ | 44,336 |  |  | $ | 6,104,392 |

See the accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
F-6

JACOBS SOLUTIONS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
For the Fiscal Years Ended September 30, 2022, October 1, 2021 and October 2, 2020
(In thousands)

| September 30, 2022 |  | October 1, 2021 |  | October 2, 2020
Cash Flows from Operating Activities: |  |  |  |  |
Net earnings attributable to the Group | $ | 715,412 |  |  | $ | 430,829 |  |  | $ | 523,867 |
Adjustments to reconcile net earnings to net cash flows provided by (used for) operations: |  |  |  |  |
Depreciation and amortization: |  |  |  |  |
Property, equipment and improvements | 102,454 |  |  | 101,024 |  |  | 91,070 |
Intangible assets | 198,602 |  |  | 149,776 |  |  | 90,563 |
Gain on sale of ECR business | — |  |  | (15,608) |  |  | (110,236) |
(Gain) loss on investment in equity securities | (13,862) |  |  | (71,325) |  |  | 103,623 |
Stock based compensation | 53,383 |  |  | 56,221 |  |  | 48,150 |
Equity in earnings of operating ventures, net of return on capital distributions | 18,291 |  |  | 10,941 |  |  | 9,172 |
(Gain) loss on disposals of assets, net | (4,680) |  |  | 1,003 |  |  | 766 |
Impairment of equity method investment and other long term assets | 78,292 |  |  | 40,640 |  |  | 162,238 |
Loss on pension and retiree medical plan changes | 123 |  |  | 2,783 |  |  | 4,598 |
Deferred income taxes | 111,846 |  |  | 113,623 |  |  | 82,275 |
Changes in assets and liabilities, excluding the effects of businesses acquired: |  |  |  |  |
Receivables and contract assets, net of contract liabilities | (267,947) |  |  | 242,154 |  |  | (107,784) |
Prepaid expenses and other current assets | 6 |  |  | 6,800 |  |  | (27,280) |
Miscellaneous other assets | 113,850 |  |  | 116,097 |  |  | 110,678 |
Accounts payable | 87,402 |  |  | (165,502) |  |  | (92,838) |
Income taxes payable | (70,258) |  |  | 20,961 |  |  | 35,194 |
Accrued liabilities | (552,036) |  |  | (252,305) |  |  | (27,849) |
Other deferred liabilities | (73,697) |  |  | (63,915) |  |  | (64,390) |
Other, net | (22,472) |  |  | 2,079 |  |  | (24,968) |
Net cash provided by operating activities | 474,709 |  |  | 726,276 |  |  | 806,849 |
Cash Flows from Investing Activities: |  |  |  |  |
Additions to property and equipment | (127,615) |  |  | (92,814) |  |  | (118,269) |
Disposals of property and equipment and other assets | 9,392 |  |  | 474 |  |  | 96 |
Capital contributions to equity investees, net of return of capital distributions | 3,025 |  |  | (5,016) |  |  | (12,278) |
Acquisitions of businesses, net of cash acquired | (437,083) |  |  | (1,741,062) |  |  | (293,580) |
Disposals of investment in equity securities | 13,862 |  |  | 421,315 |  |  | — |
Proceeds (Payments) related to sales of businesses | — |  |  | 36,360 |  |  | (5,061) |
Net cash used for investing activities | (538,419) |  |  | (1,380,743) |  |  | (429,092) |
Cash Flows from Financing Activities: |  |  |  |  |
Proceeds from long-term borrowings | 3,145,500 |  |  | 4,445,080 |  |  | 2,986,661 |
Repayments of long-term borrowings | (2,420,166) |  |  | (3,216,965) |  |  | (2,521,467) |
Proceeds from short-term borrowings | — |  |  | — |  |  | 78 |
Repayments of short-term borrowings | (6,359) |  |  | (7,675) |  |  | (200,008) |
Debt issuance costs | — |  |  | (2,747) |  |  | (1,807) |
Proceeds from issuances of common stock | 51,034 |  |  | 38,077 |  |  | 37,235 |
Common stock repurchases | (281,926) |  |  | (274,948) |  |  | (337,251) |
Taxes paid on vested restricted stock | (28,587) |  |  | (25,867) |  |  | (27,794) |
Cash dividends to shareholders | (115,948) |  |  | (107,188) |  |  | (97,900) |
Net dividends associated with noncontrolling interests | (26,982) |  |  | (48,784) |  |  | (46,062) |
Repurchase of redeemable noncontrolling interests | (46,074) |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Proceeds from issuances of redeemable noncontrolling interests | 49,742 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Net cash provided by (used for) financing activities | 320,234 |  |  | 798,983 |  |  | (208,315) |
Effect of Exchange Rate Changes | (128,892) |  |  | 19,635 |  |  | 61,914 |
Net Increase in Cash and Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash | 127,632 |  |  | 164,151 |  |  | 231,356 |
Cash and Cash Equivalents, including Restricted Cash, at the Beginning of the Period | 1,026,575 |  |  | 862,424 |  |  | 631,068 |
Cash and Cash Equivalents, including Restricted Cash, at the End of the Period | $ | 1,154,207 |  |  | $ | 1,026,575 |  |  | $ | 862,424 |

See the accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
F-7

JACOBS SOLUTIONS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
1.Description of Business and Basis of Presentation
Description of Business
Jacobs Solutions Inc. ("Jacobs" or "the Company") is a leading global professional services company that designs and deploys technology-centric solutions to solve many of the world’s most complex challenges. In fiscal year 2022 we operated in three operating segments: Critical Mission Solutions, People & Places Solutions and our investment in PA Consulting Group Limited ("PA Consulting").
We provide a broad range of technical, professional and construction services including engineering, design and architectural services; construction and construction management services; operations and maintenance services; and process, scientific and systems consulting services. We provide our services through offices and subsidiaries located primarily in North America, Europe, the Middle East, India, Australia, New Zealand and Asia. We provide our services under cost-reimbursable and fixed-price contracts, with our fixed-price contracts comprised mainly of professional services arrangements and in some limited cases, construction. The percentage of revenues realized from each of these types of contracts for the fiscal years ended September 30, 2022, October 1, 2021 and October 2, 2020 was as follows:

| For the Years Ended
| September 30, 2022 |  | October 1, 2021 |  | October 2, 2020
Cost-reimbursable | 74% |  | 76% |  | 76%
Fixed-price | 26% |  | 24% |  | 24%

Basis of Presentation, Definition of Fiscal Year, and Other Matters
The accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States ("U.S. GAAP") and include the accounts of Jacobs Solutions Inc. and its subsidiaries and affiliates which it controls. On August 29, 2022, Jacobs Engineering Group Inc. (JEGI), the predecessor to Jacobs Solutions Inc., implemented a holding company structure, which resulted in Jacobs Solutions Inc. becoming the parent company of, and successor issuer to, JEGI. Prior to the implementation date, the Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of JEGI and its subsidiaries and affiliates which it controlled . All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
The Company’s fiscal year ends on the Friday closest to September 30 (determined on the basis of the number of workdays) and, accordingly, an additional week of activity is added every five-to-six years. Fiscal 2020 included an extra week of activity.
On February 4, 2022, the Company acquired StreetLight Data, Inc. ("StreetLight"). StreetLight is a pioneer of mobility analytics who uses its data and machine learning resources to shed light on mobility and enable users to solve complex transportation problems. The Company paid total base consideration of approximately $190.8 million in cash and issued $0.9 million in equity and $5.2 million in in-the-money stock options to the former owners of StreetLight. The Company also paid off StreetLight's debt of approximately $1.0 million simultaneously with the consummation of the acquisition. The Company has recorded its preliminary purchase price allocation associated with the acquisition, which is summarized in Note 15- Other Business Combinations.
On November 19, 2021, Jacobs acquired BlackLynx, a provider of high-performance software, to complement Jacobs' portfolio of cyber, intelligence and digital solutions. The Company paid total base consideration of approximately $235.4 million in cash to the former owners of BlackLynx. In conjunction with the acquisition, the Company also paid off BlackLynx's debt of approximately $5.3 million simultaneously with the consummation of the acquisition. The Company has recorded its final purchase price allocation associated with the acquisition, which is summarized in Note 15- Other Business Combinations.
On March 2, 2021, Jacobs completed the strategic investment of a 65% interest in PA Consulting, a UK-based leading innovation and transformation consulting firm. The total consideration paid by the Company was $1.7 billion, funded through cash on hand, proceeds from a new term loan and draws on the Company's existing Revolving Credit Facility. Further, in connection with the transaction, an additional $261 million in investment proceeds had not yet been distributed at the investment date due to continuing employment requirements of associated management owners.
F-8

JACOBS SOLUTIONS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)
Consequently, this amount represented compensation expense incurred related to the investment that was expensed subsequent to the date of the transaction, and was reflected in selling, general and administrative expense and cash from operations for the fiscal year ended October 1, 2021. The remaining 35% interest was acquired by PA Consulting employees, whose redeemable noncontrolling interests had a fair value of $582.4 million on the closing date, including subsequent purchase accounting adjustments. PA Consulting is accounted for as a consolidated subsidiary and as a separate operating segment. The Company has recorded its final purchase price allocation associated with the acquisition. See Note 14- PA Consulting Business Combination for more discussion on the investment and Note 9- Borrowings for more discussion on the financing for the transaction.
On November 24, 2020, a subsidiary of Jacobs completed the acquisition of Buffalo Group, a leader in advanced cyber and intelligence solutions which allows Jacobs to further expand its cyber and intelligence solutions offerings to government clients. The Company paid total consideration o f $190.1 million, which was comprised of approximately $182.4 million in cash to the former owners of Buffalo Group and contingent consideration of $7.7 million The contingent consideration was subsequently recognized in fiscal 2021 as an offset to selling, general and administrative expense when it was determined no amounts would be paid. In conjunction with the acquisition, the Company assumed the Buffalo Group's debt of approximately $7.7 million. The Company repaid all of the assumed Buffalo Group debt by the end of the first fiscal quarter of 2021. The Company has recorded its final purchase price allocation associated with the acquisition, which is summarized in Note 15- Other Business Combinations.
On March 6, 2020, a subsidiary of Jacobs completed the acquisition of the nuclear consulting, remediation and program management business of John Wood Group, a U.K.-based energy services company, for an enterprise value of £246 million, or approximately $317.9 million, less cash acquired of $24.3 million. The Company has recorded its final purchase price allocation associated with the acquisition, which is summarized in Note 15- Other Business Combinations.
On April 26, 2019, Jacobs completed the sale of its Energy, Chemicals and Resources ("ECR") business to Worley Limited, a company incorporated in Australia ("Worley"), for a purchase price of $3.4 billion consisting of (i) $2.8 billion in cash plus (ii) 58.2 million ordinary shares of Worley, subject to adjustments for changes in working capital and certain other items (the “ECR sale”). As a result of the ECR sale, substantially all ECR-related assets and liabilities were sold (the "Disposal Group"). We determined that the Disposal Group should be reported as discontinued operations in accordance with ASC 210-05, Discontinued Operations because their disposal represents a strategic shift that had a major effect on our operations and financial results. As such, the financial results of the ECR business are reflected in our Consolidated Statements of Earnings as discontinued operations for all periods presented. As of September 30, 2022, all of the ECR business to be sold under the terms of the sale has been conveyed to Worley and as such, no amounts remain held for sale. For further discussion see Note 16- Sale of Energy, Chemicals and Resources ("ECR") Business.
2. Significant Accounting Policies
Revenue Accounting for Contracts
Engineering, Procurement & Construction Contracts, Service Contracts and Software Contracts
The Company recognizes engineering, procurement, and construction contract revenue over time, as performance obligations are satisfied, due to the continuous transfer of control to the customer in accordance with ASC Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. Contracts which include engineering, procurement and construction services are generally accounted for as a single deliverable (a single performance obligation) and are no longer segmented between types of services. In some instances, the Company’s services associated with a construction activity are limited to specific tasks such as customer support, consulting or supervisory services. In these instances, the services are typically identified as separate performance obligations.
F-9

JACOBS SOLUTIONS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)
The Company recognizes revenue using the percentage-of-completion method, based primarily on contract costs incurred to date compared to total estimated contract costs. The percentage-of-completion method (an input method) is the most representative depiction of the Company’s performance because it directly measures the value of the services transferred to the customer. Subcontractor materials, labor and equipment and, in certain cases, customer-furnished materials and labor and equipment are included in revenue and cost of revenue when management believes that the company is acting as a principal rather than as an agent (e.g., the company integrates the materials, labor and equipment into the deliverables promised to the customer or is otherwise primarily responsible for fulfillment and acceptability of the materials, labor and/or equipment). The Company recognizes revenue, but not profit, on certain uninstalled materials that are not specifically produced, fabricated, or constructed for a project. Revenue on these uninstalled materials is recognized when control is transferred. Changes to total estimated contract cost or losses, if any, are recognized in the period in which they are determined as assessed at the contract level. Pre-contract costs are expensed as incurred unless they are expected to be recovered from the client. Project mobilization costs are generally charged to project costs as incurred when they are an integrated part of the performance obligation being transferred to the client. Under the typical payment terms of our engineering, procurement and construction contracts, amounts are billed as work progresses in accordance with agreed-upon contractual terms at periodic intervals (e.g., biweekly or monthly) and customer payments are typically due within 30 to 60 days of billing, depending on the contract.
For service contracts, the Company recognizes revenue over time using the cost-to-cost percentage-of-completion method. Service contracts that include multiple performance obligations are segmented between types of services. For contracts with multiple performance obligations, the Company allocates the transaction price to each performance obligation using an estimate of the stand-alone selling price of each distinct service in the contract. In some instances where the Company is standing ready to provide services, the Company recognizes revenue ratably over the service period. Under the typical payment terms of our service contracts, amounts are billed as work progresses in accordance with agreed-upon contractual terms, and customer payments are typically due within 30 to 60 days of billing, depending on the contract.
Revenue for certain contracts related to the sale of software licenses is recognized at a point in time, typically at the time of delivery, in accordance with ASC 606. The software license sale will be treated as a performance obligation separate and distinct from any related service and maintenance.
Direct costs of contracts include all costs incurred in connection with and directly for the benefit of client contracts, including depreciation and amortization relating to assets used in providing the services required by the related projects. The level of direct costs of contracts may fluctuate between reporting periods due to a variety of factors, including the amount of pass through costs we incur during a period. On those projects where we are acting as principal for subcontract labor or third-party materials and equipment, we reflect the amounts of such items in both revenues and costs (and we refer to such costs as “pass through costs”).
Back charges to suppliers or subcontractors are recognized as a reduction of cost when it is determined that recovery of such cost is probable and the amounts can be reliably estimated. Disputed back charges are recognized when the same requirements described above have been satisfied.
Variable Consideration
The nature of the Company’s contracts gives rise to several types of variable consideration, including claims and unpriced change orders; awards and incentive fees; and liquidated damages and penalties. The Company recognizes revenue for variable consideration when it is probable that a significant reversal in the amount of cumulative revenue recognized will not occur. The Company estimates the amount of revenue to be recognized on variable consideration using the expected value (i.e., the sum of a probability-weighted amount) or the most likely amount method, whichever is expected to better predict the amount. Factors considered in determining whether revenue associated with claims (including change orders in dispute and unapproved change orders in regard to both scope and price) should be recognized include the following: (a) the contract or other evidence provides a legal basis for the claim, (b) additional costs were caused by circumstances that were unforeseen at the contract date and not the result of deficiencies in the company’s performance, (c) claim-related costs are identifiable and considered reasonable in view of the work performed, and (d) evidence supporting the claim is objective and verifiable. If the requirements for recognizing revenue for claims or unapproved change orders are met, revenue is recorded only when the costs associated with the claims or unapproved change orders have been incurred and only up to the amount of cost incurred which generally represents the amount of consideration that is not probable of reversal.
F-10

JACOBS SOLUTIONS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)
The Company generally provides limited warranties for work performed under its engineering and construction contracts. The warranty periods typically extend for a limited duration following substantial completion of the Company’s work on the project. Historically, warranty claims have not resulted in material costs incurred for which the Company was not compensated for by the customer.
See Note 3- Revenue Accounting for Contracts for further discussion.
Joint Ventures and VIEs
As is common to the industry, we execute certain contracts jointly with third parties through various forms of joint ventures. Although the joint ventures own and hold the contracts with the clients, the services required by the contracts are typically performed by us and our joint venture partners, or by other subcontractors under subcontracting agreements with the joint ventures. Many of these joint ventures are formed for a specific project. The assets of our joint ventures generally consist almost entirely of cash and receivables (representing amounts due from clients), and the liabilities of our joint ventures generally consist almost entirely of amounts due to the joint venture partners (for services provided by the partners to the joint ventures under their individual subcontracts) and other subcontractors. In general, at any given time, the equity of our joint ventures represents the undistributed profits earned on contracts the joint ventures hold with clients. Very few of our joint ventures have employees or third-party debt or credit facilities. The debt held by the joint ventures is non-recourse to the general credit of Jacobs.
The assets of a joint venture are restricted for use to the obligations of the particular joint venture and are not available for general operations of the Company. Our risk of loss on these arrangements is usually shared with our partners. The liability of each partner is usually joint and several, which means that each partner may become liable for the entire risk of loss on the project. Furthermore, on some of our projects, the Company has granted guarantees which may encumber both our contracting subsidiary company and the Company for the entire risk of loss on the project. The Company is unable to estimate the maximum potential amount of future payments that we could be required to make under outstanding performance guarantees related to joint venture projects due to a number of factors, including but not limited to, the nature and extent of any contractual defaults by our joint venture partners, resource availability, potential performance delays caused by the defaults, the location of the projects, and the terms of the related contracts. See Note 19- Contractual Guarantees, Litigation, Investigations and Insurance for further discussion.
Most of the joint ventures are deemed to be variable interest entities (“VIE”) because they lack sufficient equity to finance the activities of the joint venture. The Company uses a qualitative approach to determine if the Company is the primary beneficiary of the VIE, which considers factors that indicate a party has the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the joint venture’s economic performance. These factors include the composition of the governing board, how board decisions are approved, the powers granted to the operational manager(s) and partner that holds that position(s), and to a certain extent, the partner’s economic interest in the joint venture. The Company analyzes each joint venture initially to determine if it should be consolidated or unconsolidated.
•Consolidated if the Company is the primary beneficiary of a VIE, or holds the majority of voting interests of a non-VIE (and no significant participative rights are available to the other partners).
•Unconsolidated if the Company is not the primary beneficiary of a VIE, or does not hold the majority of voting interest of a non-VIE.
Our unconsolidated joint ventures (including equity method investments) are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the investment might not be recoverable, and impairment losses are recognized for such investments if there is a decline in fair value below carrying value that is considered to be other-than-temporary.
See Note 8- Joint Ventures, VIEs and Other Investments for further discussion.
Fair Value Measurements
Certain amounts included in the accompanying consolidated financial statements are presented at “fair value.” Fair value is defined as the price that would be received from selling an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants as of the date fair value is determined (the “measurement date”). When determining fair value, we consider the principal or most advantageous market in which we would transact, and we consider only those assumptions we believe a typical market participant would consider when pricing an asset or liability. In measuring fair value, we use the following inputs in the order of priority indicated:
F-11

JACOBS SOLUTIONS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)
Level 1 - Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
Level 2 - Observable inputs other than quoted prices in active markets included in Level 1, such as (i) quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; (ii) quoted prices in markets that have insufficient volume or infrequent transactions (e.g., less active markets); and (iii) model-driven valuations in which all significant inputs are observable or can be derived principally from, or corroborated with, observable market data for substantially the full term of the asset or liability.
Level 3 - Unobservable inputs to the valuation methodology that are significant to the fair value measurement.
The net carrying amounts of cash and cash equivalents, trade receivables and payables and short-term debt approximate fair value due to the short-term nature of these instruments. See Note 9- Borrowings for a discussion of the fair value of long-term debt.
Certain other assets and liabilities, such as forward contracts and interest rate swap agreements we purchased as cash-flow hedges discussed in Note 18- Commitments and Contingencies and Derivative Financial Instruments are required to be carried in our Consolidated Financial Statements at Fair Value.
The fair value of the Company’s reporting units (used for purposes of determining whether there is an impairment of the carrying value of goodwill) is determined using an income and market approach. Both approaches require us to make certain estimates and judgments. Under the income approach, fair value is determined by using the discounted cash flows of our reporting units. Under the market approach, the fair values of our reporting units are determined by reference to guideline companies that are reasonably comparable to our reporting units; the fair values are estimated based on the valuation multiples of earnings before taxes, interest, depreciation and amortization associated with the guideline companies. In assessing whether the carrying value of goodwill has been impaired, we utilize the results of both valuation techniques and consider the range of fair values indicated.
With respect to equity-based compensation (i.e., share-based payments), we estimate the fair value of stock options granted to employees and directors using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. Like all option-pricing models, the Black-Scholes model requires the use of subjective assumptions including (i) the expected volatility of the market price of the underlying stock, and (ii) the expected term of the award, among others. Accordingly, changes in assumptions and any subsequent adjustments to those assumptions can cause different fair values to be assigned to our future stock option awards. For restricted stock awards (including restricted stock units) containing market conditions, compensation expense is based on the fair value of such awards using a Monte Carlo simulation. For restricted stock awards (including restricted stock units) containing service and performance conditions, compensation expense is based on the closing stock price on the date of grant.
The fair values of the assets owned by the various pension plans that the Company sponsors are determined based on the type of asset, consistent with U.S. GAAP. Equity securities are valued by using market observable data such as quoted prices. Publicly traded corporate equity securities are valued at the last reported sale price on the last business day of the year. Securities not traded on the last business day are valued at the last reported bid price. Fixed income investment funds categorized as Level 2 are valued by the trustee using pricing models that use verifiable observable market data (e.g., interest rates and yield curves observable at commonly quoted intervals), bids provided by brokers or dealers, or quoted prices of securities with similar characteristics. Real estate consists primarily of common or collective trusts, with underlying investments in real estate. These investments are valued using the best information available, including quoted market price, market prices for similar assets when available, internal cash flow estimates discounted at an appropriate interest rate, or independent appraisals, as appropriate. Management values insurance contracts and hedge funds using actuarial assumptions and certain values reported by fund managers.
Fair value measurements relating to our business combinations are made primarily using Level 3 inputs including discounted cash flow and to the extent applicable, Monte Carlo simulation techniques. Fair value for the identified intangible assets is generally estimated using inputs primarily for the income approach using the multiple period excess earnings method and the relief from royalties method. The significant assumptions used in estimating fair value include (i) revenue projections of the business, including profitability, (ii) attrition rates and (iii) the estimated discount rate that reflects the level of risk associated with receiving future cash flows. Other personal property assets, such as furniture, fixtures and equipment, are valued using the cost approach, which is based on replacement or reproduction costs of the asset less depreciation. The fair value of the contingent consideration is estimated using a Monte Carlo simulation and the significant assumptions used include projections of revenues and probabilities of meeting those projections. Key inputs to
F-12

JACOBS SOLUTIONS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)
the valuation of the noncontrolling interests include projected cash flows and the expected volatility associated with those cash flows.
The fair values for the asset groups relating to the impaired long-lived assets (see Note 10, Leases) were estimated primarily using discounted cash flow models (income approach) with Level 3 inputs. The significant assumptions used in estimating fair value include the expected downtime prior to the commencement of future subleases, projected sublease income over the remaining lease periods and discount rates that reflects the level of risk associated with receiving future cash flows.
The methodologies described above and elsewhere in these Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements may produce a fair value measure that may not be indicative of net realizable value or reflective of future fair values. Furthermore, while the Company believes its valuation methods are appropriate and consistent with other market participants, the use of different methodologies or assumptions to determine the fair value of certain financial instruments could result in a different fair value measurement.
Cash Equivalents
We consider all highly liquid investments with original maturities of less than three months to be cash equivalents. Cash equivalents at September 30, 2022 and October 1, 2021 consisted primarily of money market mutual funds and overnight bank deposits.
Receivables, Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities
Receivables include amounts billed, net and unbilled receivables. Amounts billed, net consist of amounts invoiced to clients in accordance with the terms of our client contracts and are shown net of an allowance for doubtful accounts. We anticipate that substantially all of such billed amounts will be collected over the next twelve months.
Unbilled receivables and other, which represent an unconditional right to payment subject only to the passage of time in connection with our client contracts, are reclassified to amounts billed when they are billed under the terms of the contract. We anticipate that substantially all of such unbilled amounts will be billed and collected over the next twelve months.
Contract assets represent unbilled amounts where the right to payment is subject to more than merely the passage of time and includes performance-based incentives and services provided ahead of agreed contractual milestones. Contract assets are transferred to unbilled receivables when the right to consideration becomes unconditional and are transferred to amounts billed upon invoicing.
Contract liabilities represent amounts billed to clients in excess of revenue recognized to date. We anticipate that substantially all such amounts will be earned over the next twelve months.
In order to manage short-term liquidity and credit exposure, Jacobs may sell current customer receivables to third parties. When Jacobs sells customer receivables to third parties it accelerates the receipt of cash that would otherwise have been collected from customers and records these transactions as reductions to the receivable amounts. Jacobs does not maintain continuing involvement in these arrangements.
Property, Equipment, and Improvements
Property, equipment and improvements are carried at cost, and are shown net of accumulated depreciation and amortization in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets. Depreciation and amortization is computed primarily by using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets. The cost of leasehold improvements is amortized using the straight-line method over the lesser of the estimated useful life of the asset or the remaining term of the related lease. Estimated useful lives range from 20 to 40 years for buildings, from 3 to 10 years for equipment and from 4 to 10 years for leasehold improvements.
Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets
Goodwill represents the excess of the cost of an acquired business over the fair value of the net tangible and intangible assets acquired. Goodwill and intangible assets with indefinite lives are not amortized; instead, on an annual basis we test goodwill and intangible assets with indefinite lives for possible impairment. Intangible assets with finite lives are amortized on a straight-line basis over the useful lives of those assets.
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JACOBS SOLUTIONS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)
For purposes of impairment testing, goodwill is assigned to the applicable reporting units based on the current reporting structure. We have determined that our operating segments are also our reporting units based on management’s conclusion that the components comprising each of our operating segments share similar economic characteristics and meet the aggregation criteria in accordance with ASC 350.
We perform our annual goodwill impairment assessment as of the first day of the fourth fiscal quarter each year. We begin with the qualitative assessment of whether it is more likely than not that a reporting unit’s fair value is less than its carrying value before applying the quantitative assessment described below. If it is determined through the evaluation of events or circumstances that the carrying value may not be recoverable, the Company then compares the fair value of each reporting unit with its carrying amount. If the carrying amount of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value, an impairment loss is recognized. During 2022, we completed our annual goodwill impairment test and qualitatively determined that none of our goodwill was impaired. We have determined that the fair value of our reporting units exceeded their respective carrying values for the Consolidated Balance Sheets presented.
Impairment of Long-Lived Assets
Our long-lived assets other than goodwill principally consist of right-of-use (ROU) lease assets, property, equipment and improvements, and finite-lived intangible assets. These long-lived assets are evaluated for impairment for each of our asset groups in accordance with ASC 360 by first identifying whether indicators of impairment exist. If such indicators are present, we assess long-lived asset groups for recoverability based on estimated future undiscounted cash flows. For asset groups where the recoverability test fails, the fair value of each asset group is then estimated and compared to its carrying amount. An impairment loss is recognized for the amount by which an asset group’s carrying value exceeds its fair value.
Foreign Currencies
In preparing our Consolidated Financial Statements, it is necessary to translate the financial statements of our subsidiaries operating outside the U.S., which are denominated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar, into the U.S. dollar. In accordance with U.S. GAAP, revenues and expenses of operations outside the U.S. are translated into U.S. dollars using weighted-average exchange rates for the applicable periods being translated while the assets and liabilities of operations outside the U.S. are generally translated into U.S. dollars using period-end exchange rates. The net effect of foreign currency translation adjustments is included in stockholders’ equity as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets.
Share-Based Payments
We measure the value of services received from employees and directors in exchange for an award of an equity instrument based on the grant-date fair value of the award. The fair value is recognized as a non-cash cost on a straight-line basis over the period the individual provides services, which is typically the vesting period of the award with the exception of awards containing an internal performance measure, such as Earnings Per Share growth and Return on Invested Capital, which is recognized on a straight-line basis over the vesting period subject to the probability of meeting the performance requirements and adjusted for the number of shares expected to be earned. The cost of these awards is recorded in selling, general and administrative expense in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Earnings.
Concentrations of Credit Risk
Our cash balances and cash equivalents are maintained in accounts held by major banks and financial institutions located in North America, South America, Europe, the Middle East, India, Australia, Africa and Asia. In the normal course of business, and consistent with industry practices, we grant credit to our clients without requiring collateral. Concentrations of credit risk is the risk that, if we extend a significant amount of credit to clients in a specific geographic area or industry, we may experience disproportionately high levels of default if those clients are adversely affected by factors particular to their geographic area or industry. Concentrations of credit risk relative to trade receivables are limited due to our diverse client base, which includes the U.S. federal government and multi-national corporations operating in a broad range of industries and geographic areas. Additionally, in order to mitigate credit risk, we continually evaluate the credit worthiness of our major commercial clients.
F-14

JACOBS SOLUTIONS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)
Leases
The Company accounts for its leases in accordance with ASC 842, Leases ("ASC 842"). ASC 842 requires lessees to recognize assets and liabilities for most leases. The Company determines if an arrangement is a lease at contract inception. A lease exists when a contract conveys to the customer the right to control the use of an identified asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration. The definition of a lease embodies two conditions: (1) there is an identified asset in the contract, and (2) the customer has the right to control the use of the identified asset. Lessees are required to classify leases as either finance or operating leases. This classification will determine whether lease expense is recognized based on an effective interest method or on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease.
ASC 842 provided several optional practical expedients for use in transition to and ongoing application of ASC 842. The Company elected to utilize the package of practical expedients in ASC 842-10-65-1(f) that, upon adoption of ASC 842, allows entities to (1) not reassess whether any expired or existing contracts are or contain leases, (2) retain the classification of leases (e.g., operating or finance lease) existing as of the date of adoption and (3) not reassess initial direct costs for any existing leases. The Company did not elect the practical expedient pertaining to the use of hindsight. The Company elected to utilize the practical expedient in ASC 842-10-15-37 in which the Company has chosen to account for each separate lease component of a contract and its associated non-lease components as a single lease component.
The Company’s right-of use assets and lease liabilities relate to real estate, project assets used in connection with long-term construction contracts, IT assets and vehicles. The Company’s leases have remaining lease terms of one year to thirteen years. The Company’s lease obligations are primarily for the use of office space and are primarily operating leases. Certain of the Company’s leases contain renewal, extension, or termination options. The Company assesses each option on an individual basis and will only include options reasonably certain of exercise in the lease term. The Company generally considers the base term to be the term provided in the contract. None of the Company’s lease agreements contain material options to purchase the leased property, material residual value guarantees, or material restrictions or covenants.
Long-term project asset and vehicle leases (leases with terms greater than twelve months), along with all real estate and IT asset leases, are recorded on the consolidated balance sheet at the present value of the minimum lease payments not yet paid. Because the Company primarily acts as a lessee and the rates implicit in its leases are not readily determinable, the Company generally uses its incremental borrowing rate on the lease commencement date to calculate the present value of future lease payments. Certain leases include payments that are based solely on an index or rate. These variable lease payments are included in the calculation of the ROU asset and lease liability and are initially measured using the index or rate at the lease commencement date. Other variable lease payments, such as payments based on use and for property taxes, insurance, or common area maintenance that are based on actual assessments are excluded from the ROU asset and lease liability and are expensed as incurred. In addition to the present value of the future lease payments, the calculation of the ROU asset also includes any deferred rent, lease prepayments and initial direct costs of obtaining the lease, such as commissions.
Certain lease contracts contain nonlease components such as maintenance and utilities. The Company has made an accounting policy election, as allowed under ASC 842-10-15-37 and discussed above, to capitalize both the lease component and nonlease components of its contracts as a single lease component for all of its right-of-use assets.
Short-term project asset and vehicle leases (project asset and vehicle leases with an initial term of twelve months or less or leases that are cancellable by the lessee and lessor without significant penalties) are not recorded on the consolidated balance sheet and are expensed on a straight-line basis over the lease term. The majority of the Company’s short-term leases relate to equipment used on construction projects. These leases are entered into at agreed upon hourly, daily, weekly or monthly rental rates for an unspecified duration and typically have a termination for convenience provision. Such equipment leases are considered short-term in nature unless it is reasonably certain that the equipment will be leased for a term greater than twelve months.
Pensions
We use certain assumptions and estimates in order to calculate periodic pension cost and the value of the assets and liabilities of our pension plans. These assumptions involve discount rates, investment returns and projected salary increases, among others. Changes in the actuarial assumptions may have a material effect on the plans’ liabilities and the projected pension expense.
We use a corridor approach to amortize actuarial gains and losses. Under this approach, net gains or losses in excess of ten percent of the larger of the pension benefit obligation or the market-related value of the assets are
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JACOBS SOLUTIONS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)
amortized on a straight-line basis. The period of amortization is the average remaining service of active participants who are expected to receive benefits under certain plans and the average remaining future lifetime of plan participants for certain plans.
We measure our defined benefit plan assets and obligations as of the end of the month closest to their fiscal year end, which is September 30, 2022 as the alternative measurement date in accordance with FASB guidance ASU 2015-04, Compensation Retirement Benefit (Topic 715): Practical Expedient for the Measurement Date of an Employer’s Defined Benefit Obligation and Plan Asset. This guidance allows employers with fiscal year ends that do not coincide with a calendar month end to make an accounting policy election to measure defined benefit plan assets and obligations as of the end of the month closest to their fiscal year end.
Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests
In connection with the PA Consulting investment, the Company recorded redeemable noncontrolling interests, representing the interest holders' 35% equity interest in the form of preferred and common shares of PA Consulting. The preferred shares are entitled to a cumulative annual compounding 12% dividend based on the outstanding preferred share subscription price. These interest holders have certain option rights to put the preferred and common share interests back to the Company at a value based on the fair value of PA Consulting (the redemption values). The primary inputs and assumptions impacting the fair value of PA Consulting include projections of revenue and earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization and discount rates applied thereto. Additionally, the Company has an option to call the interests for certain individual shareholders in certain circumstances. Because the interests are redeemable at the option of the holders and not solely within the control of the Company, the Company classified the interests in redeemable noncontrolling interests within its Consolidated Balance Sheet at their redemption values. The optional redemption features may become exercisable no earlier than five years from the March 2, 2021 closing date, or upon the occurrence of certain other events.
The Company has deemed these interests probable of becoming redeemable in the future and requiring their measurement at the greater of (i) the redemption amount that would be paid if settlement occurred at the balance sheet date, or (ii) the historical value resulting from the original acquisition date fair value plus the impact of any earnings or loss attribution amounts, including dividends. The fair value of the PA Consulting redeemable noncontrolling interest is determined using a combination of the income and market approaches. Under the income approach, fair value is determined by using the projected discounted cash flows of PA Consulting. Under the market approach, the fair value is determined by reference to guideline companies that are reasonably comparable to PA Consulting; the fair value is estimated based on the valuation multiples of earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization.
Further, any excess in redemption amounts over the historical values of the interests is recognized as an increase to redeemable noncontrolling interests and an offsetting decrease in consolidated retained earnings. Additionally, particular to the preference share and in certain circumstances the ordinary share components of redeemable noncontrolling interests, such decrease in consolidated retained earnings could also be reflected as a corresponding adjustment to net earnings attributable to Jacobs for purposes of the calculation of consolidated earnings per share attributable to common shareholders.
Income Taxes
We determine our consolidated income tax expense using the asset and liability method prescribed by U.S. GAAP. Under this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and income tax purposes. Such deferred tax assets and liabilities are adjusted, as appropriate, to reflect changes in tax rates expected to be in effect when the temporary differences reverse. If and when we determine that a deferred tax asset will not be realized for its full amount, we will recognize and record a valuation allowance with a corresponding charge to earnings. Judgment is required in determining our provision for income taxes. In the normal course of business, we may engage in numerous transactions every day for which the ultimate tax outcome (including the period in which the transaction will ultimately be included in taxable income or deducted as an expense) is uncertain. Additionally, we file income, franchise, gross receipts and similar tax returns in many jurisdictions. Our tax returns are subject to audit and investigation by the Internal Revenue Service, most states in the U.S., and by various government agencies representing many jurisdictions outside the U.S.
F-16

JACOBS SOLUTIONS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)
The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 (the "Tax Act") contains a provision which subjects a U.S. parent of a foreign subsidiary to current U.S. tax on its global intangible low–taxed income (“GILTI”). The GILTI income is eligible for a deduction, which lowers the effective tax rate to 10.5% for calendar years 2018 through 2025 and 13.125% after 2025. The Company will report the tax impact of GILTI as a period cost when incurred. Accordingly, the Company is not providing deferred taxes for basis differences expected to reverse as GILTI.
Contractual Guarantees, Litigation, Investigations and Insurance
In the normal course of business we are subject to certain contractual guarantees and litigation. We record in the Consolidated Balance Sheets amounts representing our estimated liability relating to such guarantees, litigation and insurance claims. Guarantees are accounted for in accordance with ASC 460-10, Guarantees, at fair value at the inception of the guarantee. We perform an analysis to determine the level of reserves to establish for both insurance-related claims that are known and have been asserted against us as well as for insurance-related claims that are believed to have been incurred based on actuarial analysis, but have not yet been reported to our claims administrators as of the respective balance sheet dates. We include any adjustments to such insurance reserves in our Consolidated Statements of Earnings. In addition, as a contractor providing services to various agencies of the U.S. federal government, we are subject to many levels of audits, investigations, and claims by, or on behalf of, the U.S. federal government with respect to contract performance, pricing, costs, cost allocations and procurement practices. We adjust revenues based upon the amounts we expect to realize considering the effects of any client audits or governmental investigations.
Business Combinations
U.S. GAAP requires that the purchase price paid for business combinations accounted for using the acquisition method be allocated to the assets and liabilities acquired based on their respective Fair Values. The Company makes certain estimates and judgments relating to other assets and liabilities acquired as well as any identifiable intangible assets acquired.
Use of Estimates and Assumptions
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires us to employ estimates and make assumptions that affect the reported amounts of certain assets and liabilities; the revenues and expenses reported for the periods covered by the financial statements; and certain amounts disclosed in these Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements. Although such estimates and assumptions are based on management’s most recent assessment of the underlying facts and circumstances utilizing the most current information available and past experience, actual results could differ significantly from those estimates and assumptions. Our estimates, judgments and assumptions are evaluated periodically and adjusted accordingly.
New Accounting Pronouncements
ASU 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform, (Topic 848): Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting is intended to provide relief for entities impacted by reference rate reform and contains provisions and optional expedients designed to simplify requirements around designation of hedging relationships, probability assessments of hedged forecasted transactions and accounting for modifications of contracts that refer to LIBOR or other rates affected by reference rate reform. The guidance is elective and is effective on the date of issuance. ASU 2020-04 is applied prospectively to contract modifications and as of the effective date for existing and new eligible hedging relationships. The guidance is temporary and will generally not be applicable to contract modifications which occur after December 31, 2022. The adoption of the new guidance in the first quarter of fiscal 2022 allowed the Company to continue its British pound denominated interest rate hedge relationships which previously defined LIBOR as the benchmark interest rate and in December 2021 were amended to replace LIBOR with the Sterling Overnight Index Average rate ("SONIA").
ASU No. 2021-08, Business Combinations (Topic 805): Accounting for Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities from Contracts with Customers, is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022, with early adoption permitted. ASU 2021-08 requires contract assets and contract liabilities (i.e., deferred revenue) acquired in a business combination to be recognized and measured by the acquirer on the acquisition date in accordance with ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. Generally, this new guidance will result in the acquirer recognizing contract assets and contract liabilities at the same amounts recorded by the acquiree. The Company adopted the new guidance in the first quarter of fiscal 2022 and the adoption had no impact on the Company's financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
F-17

JACOBS SOLUTIONS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)
3.Revenue Accounting for Contracts
Disaggregation of Revenues
Our revenues are principally derived from contracts to provide a diverse range of technical, professional, and construction services to a large number of industrial, commercial, and governmental clients. We provide a broad range of engineering, design, and architectural services; construction and construction management services; operations and maintenance services; and process, scientific, and systems consulting services. We provide our services through offices and subsidiaries located primarily in North America, South America, Europe, the Middle East, India, Australia, Africa, and Asia. We provide our services under cost-reimbursable and fixed-price contracts. Our contracts are with many different customers in numerous industries. Refer to Note 20- Segment Information for additional information on how we disaggregate our revenues by reportable segment.
The following table further disaggregates our revenue by geographic area for the years ended September 30, 2022, October 1, 2021 and October 2, 2020 (in thousands):

| For the Years Ended
| September 30, 2022 |  | October 1, 2021 |  | October 2, 2020
Revenues: |  |  |  |  |
United States | $ | 9,875,252 |  |  | $ | 9,671,281 |  |  | $ | 10,158,508 |
Europe | 3,488,317 |  |  | 3,140,114 |  |  | 2,253,284 |
Canada | 269,386 |  |  | 227,692 |  |  | 227,067 |
Asia | 140,663 |  |  | 114,118 |  |  | 117,698 |
India | 114,235 |  |  | 70,772 |  |  | 50,618 |
Australia and New Zealand | 706,283 |  |  | 647,866 |  |  | 537,076 |
South America and Mexico | — |  |  | — |  |  | 11 |
Middle East and Africa | 328,689 |  |  | 220,789 |  |  | 222,713 |
Total | $ | 14,922,825 |  |  | $ | 14,092,632 |  |  | $ | 13,566,975 |

The following table presents the revenues earned directly or indirectly from the U.S. federal government and its agencies, expressed as a percentage of total revenues:

For the Years Ended
September 30, 2022 |  | October 1, 2021 |  | October 2, 2020
31% |  | 33% |  | 33%

Contract Liabilities
Contract liabilities represent amounts billed to clients in excess of revenue recognized to date. Revenue recognized for the year ended September 30, 2022 that was included in the contract liability balance on October 1, 2021 was $422 million. Revenue recognized for the year ended October 1, 2021 that was included in the contract liability balance on October 2, 2020 was $405 million.
Remaining Performance Obligations
The Company’s remaining performance obligations as of September 30, 2022 represent a measure of the total dollar value of work to be performed on contracts awarded and in progress. The Company had approximately $15.0 billion in remaining performance obligations as of September 30, 2022. The Company expects to recognize 52% of our remaining performance obligations within the next twelve months and the remaining 48% thereafter.
Although remaining performance obligations reflect business that is considered to be firm, cancellations, scope adjustments, foreign currency exchange fluctuations or project deferrals may occur that impact their volume or the expected timing of their recognition. Remaining performance obligations are adjusted to reflect any known project
F-18

JACOBS SOLUTIONS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)
cancellations, revisions to project scope and cost, foreign currency exchange fluctuations and project deferrals, as appropriate.
4.Earnings Per Share and Certain Related Information
Basic and Diluted Earnings Per Share
Basic and diluted earnings per share (“EPS”) are computed using the two-class method, which is an earnings allocation method that determines EPS for common shares and participating securities. The undistributed earnings are allocated between common shares and participating securities as if all earnings had been distributed during the period. Participating securities and common shares have equal rights to undistributed earnings. Net earnings used for the purpose of determining basic and diluted EPS is determined by taking net earnings, less earnings available to participating securities and the preferred redeemable noncontrolling interests redemption value adjustment associated with the PA Consulting transaction.
F-19

JACOBS SOLUTIONS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)
The following table reconciles the denominator used to compute basic EPS to the denominator used to compute diluted EPS for the years ended September 30, 2022, October 1, 2021 and October 2, 2020 (in thousands):

| For the Years Ended
| September 30, 2022 |  | October 1, 2021 |  | October 2, 2020
Numerator for Basic and Diluted EPS: |  |  |  |  |
Net earnings attributable to Jacobs from continuing operations | $ | 644,071 |  |  | $ | 467,022 |  |  | $ | 353,861 |
Preferred Redeemable Noncontrolling interests redemption value adjustment (See Note 14- PA Consulting Business Combination) | — |  |  | (57,307) |  |  | — |
Net earnings from continuing operations allocated to participating securities | — |  |  | — |  |  | (72) |
Net earnings from continuing operations allocated to common stock for EPS calculation | $ | 644,071 |  |  | $ | 409,715 |  |  | $ | 353,789 |
Net earnings attributable to Jacobs from discontinued operations | $ | (32) |  |  | $ | 10,008 |  |  | $ | 137,984 |
Net earnings from discontinued operations allocated to participating securities | — |  |  | — |  |  | (28) |
Net earnings from discontinued operations allocated to common stock for EPS calculation | $ | (32) |  |  | $ | 10,008 |  |  | $ | 137,956 |
Net earnings allocated to common stock for EPS calculation | $ | 644,039 |  |  | $ | 419,723 |  |  | $ | 491,745 |
Denominator for Basic and Diluted EPS: |  |  |  |  |
Weighted average basic shares | 128,665 |  |  | 130,194 |  |  | 131,541 |
Shares allocated to participating securities | — |  |  | — |  |  | (27) |
Shares used for calculating basic EPS attributable to common stock | 128,665 |  |  | 130,194 |  |  | 131,514 |
Effect of dilutive securities: |  |  |  |  |
Stock compensation plans | 780 |  |  | 1,080 |  |  | 1,207 |
Shares used for calculating diluted EPS attributable to common stock | 129,445 |  |  | 131,274 |  |  | 132,721 |
Net Earnings Per Share: |  |  |  |  |
Basic Net Earnings from Continuing Operations Per Share | $ | 5.01 |  |  | $ | 3.15 |  |  | $ | 2.69 |
Basic Net Earnings from Discontinued Operations Per Share | $ | — |  |  | $ | 0.08 |  |  | $ | 1.05 |
Basic Earnings Per Share: | $ | 5.01 |  |  | $ | 3.22 |  |  | $ | 3.74 |
Diluted Net Earnings from Continuing Operations Per Share | $ | 4.98 |  |  | $ | 3.12 |  |  | $ | 2.67 |
Diluted Net Earnings from Discontinued Operations Per Share | $ | — |  |  | $ | 0.08 |  |  | $ | 1.04 |
Diluted Earnings Per Share: | $ | 4.98 |  |  | $ | 3.20 |  |  | $ | 3.71 |

F-20

JACOBS SOLUTIONS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)
Share Repurchases
On January 16, 2020, the Company's Board of Directors authorized a share repurchase program of up to $1.0 billion of the Company's common stock, to expire on January 15, 2023 (the "2020 Repurchase Authorization"). In the fourth quarter of fiscal 2021 the Company launched an accelerated share repurchase program by advancing $250 million to a financial institution in a privately negotiated transaction, with final non-cash settlement on the program during the first quarter of fiscal 2022 of 342,054 shares.
The following table summarizes the activity under the 2020 Repurchase Authorizations during fiscal 2022:

Amount Authorized |  | Average Price Per Share (1) |  | Shares Repurchased |  | Total Shares Retired
$1,000,000,000 |  | $133.05 |  | 2,472,728 |  | 2,472,728

(1)Includes commissions paid and calculated at the average price per share
As of September 30, 2022, the Company has $501.0 million remaining under the 2020 Repurchase Authorization.
Our share repurchase programs do not obligate the Company to purchase any shares. Share repurchases may be executed through various means including, without limitation, accelerated share repurchases, open market transactions, privately negotiated transactions, purchases pursuant to a Rule 10b5-1 plan or otherwise. The authorization for the share repurchase programs may be terminated, increased or decreased by the Company’s Board of Directors in its discretion at any time. The timing, amount and manner of share repurchases may depend upon market conditions and economic circumstances, availability of investment opportunities, the availability and costs of financing, currency fluctuations, the market price of the Company's common stock, other uses of capital and other factors.
Common and Preferred Stock
Jacobs is authorized to issue two classes of capital stock designated “common stock” and “preferred stock” (each has a par value of $1.00 per share). The preferred stock may be issued in one or more series. The number of shares to be included in a series as well as each series’ designation, relative powers, dividend and other preferences, rights and qualifications, redemption provisions and restrictions are to be fixed by the Company’s Board of Directors at the time each series is issued. Except as may be provided by the Company’s Board of Directors in a preferred stock designation, or otherwise provided for by statute, the holders of shares of common stock have the exclusive right to vote for the election of directors and on all other matters requiring stockholder action. The holders of shares of common stock are entitled to dividends if and when declared by the Company’s Board of Directors from whatever assets are legally available for that purpose.
Dividends
On September 15, 2022, the Company’s Board of Directors declared a quarterly dividend of $0.23 per share of the Company’s common stock which was paid on October 28, 2022, to shareholders of record on the close of business on September 30, 2022. Future dividend declarations are subject to review and approval by the Company’s Board of Directors.
Dividends paid through September 30, 2022 and the preceding fiscal year are as follows:

Declaration Date |  | Record Date |  | Payment Date |  | Cash Amount (per share)
July 13, 2022 |  | July 29, 2022 |  | August 26, 2022 |  | $0.23
April 28, 2022 |  | May 27, 2022 |  | June 24, 2022 |  | $0.23
January 26, 2022 |  | February 25, 2022 |  | March 25, 2022 |  | $0.23
September 23, 2021 |  | October 15, 2021 |  | October 29, 2021 |  | $0.21
July 14, 2021 |  | July 30, 2021 |  | August 27, 2021 |  | $0.21
April 22, 2021 |  | May 28, 2021 |  | June 25, 2021 |  | $0.21
January 27, 2021 |  | February 26, 2021 |  | March 26, 2021 |  | $0.21

F-21

JACOBS SOLUTIONS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)
5.Goodwill and Intangibles
The carrying value of goodwill associated with continuing operations and appearing in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets September 30, 2022 and October 1, 2021 was as follows (in thousands):

| Critical Mission Solutions |  | People & Places Solutions |  | PA Consulting |  | Total
Balance October 1, 2021 | $ | 2,550,631 |  |  | $ | 3,240,783 |  |  | $ | 1,405,586 |  |  | $ | 7,197,000 |
Acquired | 195,756 |  |  | 116,525 |  |  | 17,245 |  |  | 329,526 |
Post-Acquisition Adjustments | — |  |  | — |  |  | 5,720 |  |  | 5,720 |
Foreign currency translation and other | (30,194) |  |  | (47,995) |  |  | (269,399) |  |  | (347,588) |
Balance September 30, 2022 | $ | 2,716,193 |  |  | $ | 3,309,313 |  |  | $ | 1,159,152 |  |  | $ | 7,184,658 |

The following table provides certain information related to the Company’s acquired intangibles in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets for the year ended September 30, 2022 (in thousands):

| Customer Relationships, Contracts and Backlog |  | Developed Technology |  | Trade Names |  |  |  | Total
Balances, October 1, 2021 | $ | 1,309,061 |  |  | $ | 40,020 |  |  | $ | 216,677 |  |  |  |  | $ | 1,565,758 |
Acquired | 101,527 |  |  | 62,000 |  |  | 392 |  |  |  |  | 163,919 |
Amortization | (175,592) |  |  | (12,055) |  |  | (10,955) |  |  |  |  | (198,602) |
Foreign currency translation and other | (98,558) |  |  | (1,034) |  |  | (37,431) |  |  |  |  | (137,023) |
Balances, September 30, 2022 | $ | 1,136,438 |  |  | $ | 88,931 |  |  | $ | 168,683 |  |  |  |  | $ | 1,394,052 |
Weighted Average Amortization Period (years) | 7 |  | 7 |  | 18 |  |  |  | 9

The weighted average amortization period includes the effects of foreign currency translation.
The following table presents estimated amortization expense of intangible assets for fiscal 2023 and for the succeeding years. The amounts below include preliminary amortization estimates for the StreetLight opening balance sheet fair values that are still preliminary and are subject to change.

Fiscal Year |  | (in millions)
2023 |  | $ | 194.8 |
2024 |  | 194.4 |
2025 |  | 194.0 |
2026 |  | 171.3 |
2027 |  | 140.1 |
Thereafter |  | 499.5 |
Total |  | $ | 1,394.1 |

6.Other Financial Information
Receivables and contract assets
The following table presents the components of receivables and contract assets appearing in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets at September 30, 2022 and October 1, 2021 as well as certain other related information (in
F-22

JACOBS SOLUTIONS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)
thousands):

| September 30, 2022 |  | October 1, 2021
Components of receivables: |  |  |
Amounts billed, net | $ | 1,400,088 |  |  | $ | 1,278,087 |
Unbilled receivables and other | 1,523,249 |  |  | 1,343,588 |
Contract assets | 482,044 |  |  | 479,743 |
Total receivables and contract assets, net | $ | 3,405,381 |  |  | $ | 3,101,418 |
Other information about receivables: |  |  |
Amounts due from the United States federal government included above, net of contract liabilities | $ | 749,323 |  |  | $ | 563,009 |

Property, Equipment and Improvements, Net
The following table presents the components of our property, equipment and improvements, net at September 30, 2022 and October 1, 2021 (in thousands):

| September 30, 2022 |  | October 1, 2021
Land | $ | 478 |  |  | $ | 970 |
Buildings | 46,244 |  |  | 52,822 |
Equipment | 643,805 |  |  | 586,302 |
Leasehold improvements | 179,187 |  |  | 201,522 |
Construction in progress | 34,880 |  |  | 21,188 |
| 904,594 |  |  | 862,804 |
Accumulated depreciation and amortization | (557,918) |  |  | (509,687) |
| $ | 346,676 |  |  | $ | 353,117 |

F-23

JACOBS SOLUTIONS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)
The following table presents our property, equipment and improvements, net by geographic area for the years ended September 30, 2022 and October 1, 2021 (in thousands):

| For the Years Ended
| September 30, 2022 |  | October 1, 2021
Property, equipment and improvements, net: |  |  |
United States | $ | 226,639 |  |  | $ | 229,752 |
Europe | 87,331 |  |  | 95,746 |
Canada | 5,210 |  |  | 2,076 |
Asia | 2,578 |  |  | 2,170 |
India | 9,659 |  |  | 11,545 |
Australia and New Zealand | 13,211 |  |  | 10,401 |
Middle East and Africa | 2,048 |  |  | 1,427 |
Total | $ | 346,676 |  |  | $ | 353,117 |

See discussion in Note 10- Leases, regarding impairments recorded in the current year relating to the Company's real estate lease portfolio and related property, equipment and improvements, net.
Accrued Liabilities
The following table presents the components of “Accrued liabilities” shown in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets at September 30, 2022 and October 1, 2021 (in thousands):

| September 30, 2022 |  | October 1, 2021
Accrued payroll and related liabilities | $ | 947,547 |  |  | $ | 1,042,265 |
Project-related accruals | 28,178 |  |  | 56,083 |
Non project-related accruals and other | 279,062 |  |  | 239,851 |
Insurance liabilities | 63,183 |  |  | 73,016 |
Sales and other similar taxes | 93,500 |  |  | 94,393 |
Dividends payable | 30,292 |  |  | 27,951 |
Total | $ | 1,441,762 |  |  | $ | 1,533,559 |

F-24

JACOBS SOLUTIONS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income
The following table presents the Company's roll forward of accumulated income (loss) after-tax for the years ended September 30, 2022 and October 1, 2021 (in thousands):

| Change in Pension and Retiree Medical Plan Liabilities |  | Foreign Currency Translation Adjustment (1) |  | Gain/(Loss) on Cash Flow Hedges |  | Total
Balance at October 2, 2020 | $ | (498,726) |  |  | $ | (419,715) |  |  | $ | (14,616) |  |  | $ | (933,057) |
Other comprehensive income (loss) | 94,606 |  |  | 12,475 |  |  | 14,339 |  |  | 121,420 |
Reclassifications from other comprehensive income (loss) | 9,559 |  |  | — |  |  | 7,636 |  |  | 17,195 |
Balance at October 1, 2021 | $ | (394,561) |  |  | $ | (407,240) |  |  | $ | 7,359 |  |  | $ | (794,442) |
Other comprehensive income (loss) | 87,034 |  |  | (378,800) |  |  | 108,555 |  |  | (183,211) |
Reclassifications from other comprehensive income (loss) | 132 |  |  | — |  |  | 2,391 |  |  | 2,523 |
Balance at September 30, 2022 | $ | (307,395) |  |  | $ | (786,040) |  |  | $ | 118,305 |  |  | $ | (975,130) |

(1)Included in the overall foreign currency translation adjustment for the years ended September 30, 2022 and October 1, 2021 is $144.3 million and $(0.9) million, respectively, in unrealized gains (losses) on long-term foreign currency denominated intercompany loans not anticipated to be settled in the foreseeable future.
Included in the Company’s cumulative net unrealized gains from interest rate and cross currency swaps recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income as of September 30, 2022 were approximately $21 million in unrealized gains, net of taxes, which are expected to be realized in earnings during the twelve months subsequent to September 30, 2022.
7.Income Taxes
The following table presents the components of our consolidated income taxes for continuing operations for years ended September 30, 2022, October 1, 2021 and October 2, 2020 (in thousands):

| For the Years Ended
| September 30, 2022 |  | October 1, 2021 |  | October 2, 2020
Current income tax (benefit) expense from continuing operations: |  |  |  |  |
Federal | $ | (35,291) |  |  | $ | 91,313 |  |  | $ | (37,030) |
State | 4,526 |  |  | 30,886 |  |  | (5,021) |
Foreign | 79,822 |  |  | 38,959 |  |  | 41,616 |
Total current tax expense from continuing operations | 49,057 |  |  | 161,158 |  |  | (435) |
Deferred income tax expense (benefit) from continuing operations: |  |  |  |  |
Federal | 56,526 |  |  | 35,109 |  |  | 53,485 |
State | 17,178 |  |  | 21,826 |  |  | 7,133 |
Foreign | 38,142 |  |  | 56,688 |  |  | (4,863) |
Total deferred tax expense from continuing operations | 111,846 |  |  | 113,623 |  |  | 55,755 |
Consolidated income tax expense from continuing operations | $ | 160,903 |  |  | $ | 274,781 |  |  | $ | 55,320 |

Deferred taxes reflect the tax effects of temporary differences between the amounts recorded as assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the comparable amounts recorded for income tax purposes. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using the enacted tax rates and laws that will be in effect when the differences are expected to reverse.
The following table presents the components of our net deferred tax (liabilities) assets at September 30, 2022 and October 1, 2021 (in thousands):
F-25

JACOBS SOLUTIONS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)

| September 30, 2022 |  | October 1, 2021
Deferred tax assets: |  |  |
Obligations relating to: |  |  |
Other employee benefit plans | 138,897 |  |  | 156,931 |
Net operating losses | 132,999 |  |  | 197,929 |
Foreign tax credit | 83,697 |  |  | 87,689 |
Contract revenues and costs | — |  |  | 81,633 |
Lease liability | 138,635 |  |  | 155,064 |
Unrealized foreign exchange loss | 46,005 |  |  | — |
Other | 13,005 |  |  | 19,689 |
Valuation allowance | (113,483) |  |  | (188,662) |
Gross deferred tax assets | 439,755 |  |  | 510,273 |
Deferred tax liabilities: |  |  |
Contract revenues and costs | (6,007) |  |  | — |
Depreciation and amortization | (431,946) |  |  | (436,324) |
Lease right of use asset | (71,658) |  |  | (93,338) |
Partnership investment | (52,787) |  |  | (72,560) |
Hedge Investments | (38,994) |  |  | (13,754) |
Unrealized Foreign Exchange Gain | (45,754) |  |  | — |
Other | (30,206) |  |  | (5,484) |
Gross deferred tax liabilities | (677,352) |  |  | (621,460) |
Net deferred tax liabilities | $ | (237,597) |  |  | $ | (111,187) |

Certain amounts have been reclassified to conform to current year presentation.
Tax law changes were enacted in the United Kingdom that, among other provisions, will increase the corporate tax rate to 25% from 19% effective April 1, 2023. The rate change resulted in an increase of $3.2 million and $25.6 million to our deferred income tax expense for the years ended September 30, 2022 and October 1, 2021, respectively. Our current income tax expense in the United Kingdom will be based on the new rate beginning in April 2023.
A valuation allowance is recorded to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount that is more likely than not to be realized based on an assessment of positive and negative evidence, including estimates of future taxable income necessary to realize future deductible amounts. The valuation allowance was $113.5 million at September 30, 2022 and $188.7 million at October 1, 2021. This $75.2 million change in the valuation allowance is attributable mainly to $33.1 million in a change in the realizability of foreign tax credits due to a change in the U.S. foreign tax credit regulations, a decrease of $26.0 million relates to a change in judgment on the realizability of domestic deferred tax assets which are capital in nature, and a decrease of $16.1 million relating to various other items.
At September 30, 2022 and October 1, 2021, the domestic and international net operating loss (NOL) carryforwards totaled $491.3 million and $760.4 million, resulting in an NOL deferred tax asset of $133.0 million and $197.9 million, respectively. The Company's net operating losses have various expiration periods between 2023 and indefinite periods. At September 30, 2022, the Company has foreign tax credit carryforwards of $83.7 million, which has a partial valuation allowance of $55.4 million, expiring between 2023 and 2032.
The following table presents the income tax benefits from continuing operations realized from the exercise of non-qualified stock options and disqualifying dispositions of stock sold under our employee stock purchase plans for the years ended September 30, 2022, October 1, 2021 and October 2, 2020 (in millions):

For the Years Ended
September 30, 2022 |  | October 1, 2021 |  | October 2, 2020
$ | 2.2 |  |  | $ | 9.9 |  |  | $ | 10.2 |

F-26

JACOBS SOLUTIONS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)
The following table reconciles total income tax expense from continuing operations using the statutory U.S. federal income tax rate to the consolidated income tax expense for continuing operations shown in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Earnings for the years ended September 30, 2022, October 1, 2021 and October 2, 2020 (dollars in thousands):

| For the Years Ended
| September 30, 2022 |  | % |  | October 1, 2021 |  | % |  | October 2, 2020 |  | %
Statutory amount | $ | 184,033 |  |  | 21.0 | % |  | $ | 146,078 |  |  | 21.0 | % |  | $ | 92,652 |  |  | 21.0 | %
State taxes, net of the federal benefit | 19,316 |  | 2.2 | % |  | 14,564 |  |  | 2.1 | % |  | 7,254 |  |  | 1.6 | %
Exclusion of tax on non-controlling interests | (7,533) |  | (0.9) | % |  | (7,999) |  |  | (1.1) | % |  | (6,622) |  |  | (1.5) | %
Foreign: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Difference in tax rates of foreign operations | (2,516) |  | (0.3) | % |  | 3,684 |  |  | 0.5 | % |  | (6,267) |  |  | (1.4) | %
Expense/(benefit) from foreign valuation allowance change | 2,982 |  | 0.3 | % |  | 2,148 |  |  | 0.3 | % |  | (16,861) |  |  | (3.8) | %
Nondeductible compensation | — |  | — | % |  | 48,727 |  |  | 7.0 | % |  | — |  |  | — | %
U.S. tax cost (benefit) of foreign operations | 48,843 |  |  | 5.6 | % |  | 35,228 |  |  | 5.1 | % |  | 42,992 |  |  | 9.7 | %
Tax differential on foreign earnings | 49,309 |  |  | 5.6 | % |  | 89,787 |  |  | 12.9 | % |  | 19,864 |  |  | 4.5 | %
Foreign tax credits | (33,734) |  | (3.8) | % |  | (25,230) |  |  | (3.6) | % |  | (26,471) |  |  | (6.0) | %
Tax Rate Change | 3,210 |  | 0.4 | % |  | 25,588 |  |  | 3.7 | % |  | (6,811) |  |  | (1.5) | %
Valuation allowance | (59,121) |  | (6.7) | % |  | 38,928 |  |  | 5.6 | % |  | — |  |  | — | %
Uncertain tax positions | (1,439) |  | (0.2) | % |  | 978 |  |  | 0.1 | % |  | (11,338) |  |  | (2.6) | %
Other items: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Energy efficient commercial buildings deduction | (2,681) |  | (0.3) | % |  | (3,760) |  |  | (0.5) | % |  | (7,267) |  |  | (1.6) | %
Disallowed officer compensation | 6,034 |  | 0.7 | % |  | 6,689 |  |  | 1.0 | % |  | 5,081 |  |  | 1.2 | %
Stock compensation | (2,168) |  | (0.2) | % |  | (9,946) |  |  | (1.4) | % |  | (10,234) |  |  | (2.3) | %
Other items – net | 5,677 |  | 0.6 | % |  | (896) |  |  | (0.1) | % |  | (788) |  |  | (0.2) | %
Total other items | 6,862 |  | 0.8 | % |  | (7,913) |  |  | (1.1) | % |  | (13,208) |  |  | (3.0) | %
Taxes on income from continuing operations | $ | 160,903 |  |  | 18.4 | % |  | $ | 274,781 |  |  | 39.5 | % |  | $ | 55,320 |  |  | 12.5 | %

The following table presents income tax payments, net made during the years ended September 30, 2022, October 1, 2021 and October 2, 2020 (in millions):

September 30, 2022 |  | October 1, 2021 |  | October 2, 2020
$ | 113.9 |  |  | $ | 75.6 |  |  | $ | 39.8 |

The following table presents the components of our consolidated earnings from continuing operations before taxes for the years ended September 30, 2022, October 1, 2021 and October 2, 2020 (in thousands):

| For the Years Ended
| September 30, 2022 |  | October 1, 2021 |  | October 2, 2020
United States earnings | $ | 415,673 |  |  | $ | 634,820 |  |  | $ | 208,302 |
Foreign earnings | 460,674 |  |  | 60,782 |  |  | 232,901 |
| $ | 876,347 |  |  | $ | 695,602 |  |  | $ | 441,203 |

We do not record a deferred tax liability for unremitted earnings of our foreign subsidiaries to the extent that the earnings meet the indefinite reversal criteria. This criteria is met if the foreign subsidiary has invested, or will invest, the earnings indefinitely. The decision as to the amount of unremitted earnings that we intend to maintain in non-U.S. subsidiaries considers items including, but not limited to, forecasts and budgets of financial needs of cash for working capital, liquidity plans, and expected cash requirements in the U.S. As of September 30, 2022, we had not recognized a deferred tax liability on approximately $168.0 million of undistributed earnings for certain foreign subsidiaries, because these earnings are intended to be indefinitely reinvested. If such earnings were distributed, some countries may impose
F-27

JACOBS SOLUTIONS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)
additional taxes. The unrecognized deferred tax liability (the amount payable if distributed) is approximately $13.1 million.
The Company has various long-term foreign currency denominated intercompany loans not anticipated to be settled in the foreseeable future. Due to the long-term nature of the loan, the foreign currency gains (losses) resulting from re-measurement are generally recognized as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss). Deferred taxes are not provided on the unrealized gains of approximately $101.7 million because the intercompany loans and the related gains (losses) on the loans denominated in the functional currencies of the subsidiaries are viewed as a part of the Company’s net investment in the subsidiaries and are considered to be indefinitely reinvested by the Company. The unrecognized deferred taxes are approximately $25 million as of September 30, 2022.
The Company accounts for unrecognized tax benefits in accordance with ASC Topic 740, Income Taxes. It accounts for interest and penalties on unrecognized tax benefits as interest and penalties reported above the line (i.e., not as part of income tax expense). The Company’s liability for gross unrecognized tax benefits was $81.9 million and $91.9 million at September 30, 2022 and October 1, 2021, respectively, after ASU 2013-11 netting of $7.0 million and $21.7 million, respectively. If recognized, $73.5 million would affect the Company’s consolidated effective income tax rate. The Company had $43.5 million and $41.6 million in accrued interest and penalties at September 30, 2022 and October 1, 2021, respectively. The Company estimates that, within twelve months, we may realize a decrease in our uncertain tax positions of approximately $2.2 million as a result of concluding various tax audits and closing tax years. As of September 30, 2022, the Company’s U.S. federal income tax returns for tax years 2009 and forward remain subject to examination.
The following table presents the reconciliation of the beginning and ending amount of unrecognized tax benefits, with StreetLight and PA Consulting related impacts added for the years ended September 30, 2022, October 1, 2021 and October 2, 2020 (in thousands):

| For the Years Ended
| September 30, 2022 |  | October 1, 2021 |  | October 2, 2020
Balance, beginning of year | $ | 113,633 |  |  | $ | 102,484 |  |  | $ | 104,355 |
Acquisitions/Divestitures | 192 |  |  | 7,639 |  |  | — |
Additions based on tax positions related to the current year | 1,136 |  |  | 7,088 |  |  | 1,064 |
Additions for tax positions of prior years | 1,207 |  |  | 1,711 |  |  | 7,472 |
Reductions for tax positions of prior years | (3,672) |  |  | (4,851) |  |  | (6,695) |
Settlement | (23,603) |  |  | (438) |  |  | (3,712) |
Balance, end of year | $ | 88,893 |  |  | $ | 113,633 |  |  | $ | 102,484 |

As further discussed in Note 14, PA Consulting Business Combination and Note 15, Other Business Combinations, the Company has made several acquisitions and a strategic investment, all of which were accounted for as stock purchases and the tax attributes of the net assets acquired were carried over, with the exception of the Buffalo Group, which was treated as an asset acquisition and the net assets were stepped up to fair value.
F-28

JACOBS SOLUTIONS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)
8.Joint Ventures, VIEs and Other Investments
For consolidated joint ventures, the entire amount of the revenue recognized for services performed and the costs associated with these services, including the services provided by the other joint venture partners, are included in the Company's results of operations. Likewise, the entire amount of each of the assets and liabilities are included in the Company’s consolidated balance sheet. There are no consolidated VIEs that have debt or credit facilities. Summary financial information of consolidated VIEs is as follows (in millions):

| September 30, 2022 |  | October 1, 2021
Current assets | $ | 353.9 |  |  | $ | 289.7 |
Non-Current assets | — |  |  | 0.1 |
Total assets | $ | 353.9 |  |  | $ | 289.8 |
Current liabilities | $ | 228.1 |  |  | $ | 220.8 |
Total liabilities | $ | 228.1 |  |  | $ | 220.8 |

| For the Years Ended
| September 30, 2022 |  | October 1, 2021 |  | October 2, 2020
Revenue | $ | 1,253.8 |  |  | $ | 1,037.3 |  |  | $ | 912.9 |
Direct cost of contracts | (985.5) |  |  | (910.1) |  |  | (807.9) |
Gross profit | 268.3 |  |  | 127.2 |  |  | 105.0 |
Net earnings | $ | 92.3 |  |  | $ | 84.3 |  |  | $ | 72.6 |

Unconsolidated joint ventures are accounted for under the equity method or proportionate consolidation. Proportionate consolidation is used for joint ventures that include unincorporated legal entities and activities of the joint venture are construction-related. For those joint ventures accounted for under proportionate consolidation, only the Company’s pro rata share of assets, liabilities, revenue, and costs are included in the Company’s balance sheet and results of operations.
For the proportionate consolidated VIEs, the carrying value of assets and liabilities was $109.3 million and $129.2 million as of September 30, 2022, respectively and $115.1 million and $129.5 million as of October 1, 2021, respectively. For those joint ventures accounted for under the equity method, the Company's investment balances for the joint venture is included in other noncurrent Assets: miscellaneous on the balance sheet and the Company’s pro rata share of net income is included in revenue. In limited cases, there are basis differences between the equity in the joint venture and Jacobs' investment created when Jacobs purchased their share of the joint venture. These basis differences are amortized based on an internal allocation to underlying net assets, excluding allocations to goodwill. Our investments in equity method joint ventures on the Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 30, 2022 and October 1, 2021 were a net asset of $56.6 million and $121.3 million, respectively. During the years ended September 30, 2022, October 1, 2021, and October 2, 2020, we recognized income from equity method joint ventures of $36.5 million, $60.9 million, and $82.2 million, respectively.
Accounts receivable from unconsolidated joint ventures accounted for under the equity method is $21.1 million and $19.7 million as of September 30, 2022 and October 1, 2021, respectively.
The Company currently holds a 24.5% interest in AWE Management Ltd ("AWE") that is accounted for under the equity method, and the carrying value of the Company’s investment as of October 2, 2020 was approximately $38 million. As of October 2, 2020, AWE was under a contractual operating arrangement with the UK Ministry of Defence (MoD) with multiple years remaining under the arrangement. On November 2, 2020, the MoD unexpectedly announced plans to change its current operating agreements with AWE that would result in the early termination of the current contract in 2021. During the fiscal year ended October 1, 2021, the Company recorded other-than-temporary impairment charges on its investment in AWE in the amount of $38.5 million, which were included in miscellaneous income (expense), net in the consolidated statement of earnings. During fiscal year 2022, the contractual operating arrangement with MoD was terminated which has resulted in the wind down and full impairment of the AWE Joint Venture with immaterial activity expected going forward.
The Company held a cost method investment in C3.ai, Inc. ("C3") and in the first quarter of fiscal 2021, C3 completed an initial public offering and as a result the Company carried its investment in C3 at fair value, with changes
F-29

JACOBS SOLUTIONS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)
reflected in net income as it is an investment in equity securities with a readily determinable fair value based on quoted market prices. During fiscal 2021 and subsequent to the IPO, the Company sold all shares owned in C3. Dividend income, unrealized gains and related realized gains on disposal of these shares of $49.6 million were recognized in miscellaneous income (expense), net, in the Consolidated Statement of Earnings for the year ended October 1, 2021.
9.Borrowings
The following table presents certain information regarding the Company’s long-term debt at September 30, 2022 and October 1, 2021 (dollars in thousands):

| Interest Rate |  | Maturity |  | September 30, 2022 |  | October 1, 2021
Revolving Credit Facility | Benchmark + applicable margin (1) (2) |  | March 2024 |  | $ | 1,105,294 |  |  | $ | 327,794 |
2021 Term Loan Facility | Benchmark + applicable margin (1) (3) |  | March 2024 |  | 923,580 |  |  | 1,081,724 |
2020 Term Loan Facility | Benchmark + applicable margin (1) (4) |  | March 2025 (5) |  | 882,263 |  |  | 988,940 |
Fixed-rate notes due: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Senior Notes, Series A | 4.27% |  | May 2025 |  | 190,000 |  |  | 190,000 |
Senior Notes, Series B | 4.42% |  | May 2028 |  | 180,000 |  |  | 180,000 |
Senior Notes, Series C | 4.52% |  | May 2030 |  | 130,000 |  |  | 130,000 |
Less: Current Portion (4) |  |  |  |  | (50,415) |  |  | (53,456) |
Less: Deferred Financing Fees |  |  |  |  | (3,466) |  |  | (5,069) |
Total Long-term debt, net |  |  |  |  | $ | 3,357,256 |  |  | $ | 2,839,933 |

(1)During the year ended September 30, 2022, the aggregate principal amounts denominated in British pounds under the Revolving Credit Facility, 2021 Term Loan Facility and 2020 Term Loan Facility transitioned from underlying LIBOR benchmarked rates to SONIA rates. Borrowings denominated in U.S. dollars remained benchmarked to LIBOR rates.
(2)Depending on the Company’s Consolidated Leverage Ratio (as defined in the credit agreement governing the Revolving Credit Facility (defined below)), U.S. dollar denominated borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility bear interest at either a eurocurrency rate plus a margin of between 0.875% and 1.625% or a base rate plus a margin of between 0% and 0.625%.The applicable LIBOR rates, including applicable margins, at September 30, 2022 and October 1, 2021 were approximately 4.08% and 1.45%. Borrowings denominated in British pounds bear interest at an adjusted SONIA rate plus a margin of between 0.875% and 1.625%. There were no amounts drawn in British pounds as of September 30, 2022.
(3)Depending on the Company’s Consolidated Leverage Ratio (as defined in the credit agreement governing the 2021 Term Loan Facility (defined below)), U.S. dollar denominated borrowings under the 2021 Term Loan Facility bear interest at either a eurocurrency rate plus a margin of between 0.875% and 1.625% or a base rate plus a margin of between 0% and 0.625%. The applicable LIBOR rate, including applicable margin, at September 30, 2022 and October 1, 2021was approximately 4.06% and 1.43%. Borrowings denominated in British pounds bear interest at an adjusted SONIA rate plus a margin of between 0.875% and 1.625%, which was approximately 3.60% at September 30, 2022.
(4)Depending on the Company’s Consolidated Leverage Ratio (as defined in the credit agreement governing the 2020 Term Loan Facility (defined below)), U.S. dollar denominated borrowings under the 2020 Term Loan Facility bear interest at either a eurocurrency rate plus a margin of between 0.875% and 1.5% or a base rate plus a margin of between 0% and 0.5%. The applicable LIBOR rates, including applicable margins, at September 30, 2022 and October 1, 2021 were approximately 4.49% and 1.45%. Borrowings denominated in British pounds bear interest at an adjusted SONIA rate plus a margin between 0.875% and 1.5%, which was approximately 3.60% at September 30, 2022.
(5)The 2020 Term Loan requires quarterly principal repayments of 1.25%, or $9.125 million and £3.125 million, of the aggregate initial principal amount borrowed.
In connection with the Company's implementation of a new holding company structure, which was completed in August 2022, the Company launched an offer to repurchase its outstanding Senior Notes at par plus accrued and unpaid interest, and without any make-whole premium. On October 7, 2022, the Company repaid $481 million of Senior Notes held by holders who accepted the offer with proceeds from our long-term Revolving Credit Facility. The remaining $19 million of Senior Notes outstanding are Senior Notes, Series B due in May 2028 as indicated in the table above. The Revolving Credit Facility and Term Loan Facilities (defined below) were amended to permit the implementation of the holding company.
On February 7, 2014, the Company and certain of its subsidiaries entered into a $1.6 billion long-term unsecured, revolving credit facility (as amended, the “2014 Revolving Credit Facility”) with a syndicate of U.S. and international banks and financial institutions. On March 27, 2019, the Company entered into a second amended and restated credit agreement
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JACOBS SOLUTIONS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)
(the "Revolving Credit Facility") which amended and restated the 2014 Revolving Credit Facility by, among other things, (a) extending the maturity date of the credit facility to March 27, 2024, (b) increasing the facility amount to $2.25 billion (with an accordion feature that allows a further increase of the facility amount up to $3.25 billion), (c) eliminating the covenants restricting investments, joint ventures and acquisitions by the Company and its subsidiaries and (d) adjusting the financial covenants to eliminate the net worth covenant upon the removal of the same covenant from the Company’s existing Note Purchase Agreement (defined below). We were in compliance with the covenants under the Revolving Credit Facility at September 30, 2022.
On December 16, 2020, the Company entered into a first amendment to the Revolving Credit Facility, which provides for, among other things, (a) administrative changes allowing a one-time limited conditionality draw under the Revolving Credit Facility in connection with the March 2, 2021 investment by the Company, indirectly through a subsidiary of the Company, of a majority interest in PA Consulting and (b) an increase in the interest rate applicable margin to 1.625% per annum if the Consolidated Leverage Ratio (as defined in the Revolving Credit Facility) of the Company is equal to or greater than 3.00 to 1.00.
The Revolving Credit Facility permits the Company to borrow under two separate tranches in U.S. dollars, certain specified foreign currencies, and any other currency that may be approved in accordance with the terms of the Revolving Credit Facility. The Revolving Credit Facility also provides for a financial letter of credit sub facility of $400.0 million, permits performance letters of credit, and provides for a $50.0 million sub facility for swing line loans. Letters of credit are subject to fees based on the Company’s Consolidated Leverage Ratio. The Company pays a facility fee of between 0.08% and 0.23% per annum depending on the Company’s Consolidated Leverage Ratio.
On March 25, 2020, the Company entered into an unsecured term loan facility (the “2020 Term Loan Facility”) with a syndicate of financial institutions as lenders. Under the 2020 Term Loan Facility, the Company borrowed an aggregate principal amount of $730.0 million and one of the Company's U.K. subsidiaries borrowed an aggregate principal amount of £250.0 million. The proceeds of the term loans were used to repay the Bilateral Term Loan and for general corporate purposes. The 2020 Term Loan Facility contains affirmative and negative covenants and events of default customary for financings of this type that are consistent with those included in the Revolving Credit Facility.
During fiscal 2020, the Company entered into interest rate and cross currency derivative contracts to swap a portion of our variable rate debt to fixed rate debt. See Note 18- Commitments and Contingencies and Derivative Financial Instruments for discussion regarding the Company's derivative instruments.
During fiscal 2022 we entered into two treasury locks to manage our interest rate exposure with the anticipated issuance of fixed rate debt before December 2023. During fiscal 2020, the Company entered into interest rate and cross currency derivative contracts to swap a portion of our variable rate debt to fixed rate debt. See Note 18- Commitments and Contingencies and Derivative Financial Instruments for discussion regarding the Company's derivative instruments.
On January 20, 2021, the Company entered into an unsecured delayed draw term loan facility (the “2021 Term Loan Facility”) with a syndicate of financial institutions as lenders. Under the 2021 Term Loan Facility, the Company borrowed an aggregate principal amount of $200.0 million and £650.0 million. The proceeds of the term loans were used primarily to fund the Company's investment in PA Consulting. The 2021 Term Loan Facility contains affirmative and negative covenants and events of default customary for financings of this type that are consistent with those included in the Revolving Credit Facility and the 2020 Term Loan Facility.
The 2020 Term Loan Facility and the 2021 Term Loan Facility are together referred to as the "Term Loan Facilities". We were in compliance with the covenants under the Term Loan Facilities at September 30, 2022.
F-31

JACOBS SOLUTIONS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)
On March 12, 2018, the Company entered into a note purchase agreement (as amended, the "Note Purchase Agreement") with respect to the issuance and sale in a private placement transaction of $500.0 million in the aggregate principal amount of the Company’s senior notes in three series (collectively, the “Senior Notes”). The Note Purchase Agreement provides that if the Company's consolidated leverage ratio exceeds a certain amount, the interest on the Senior Notes may increase by 75 basis points. The Senior Notes may be prepaid at any time subject to a make-whole premium. The sale of the Senior Notes closed on May 15, 2018. The Company used the net proceeds from the offering of Senior Notes to repay certain existing indebtedness and for other general corporate purposes. The Note Purchase Agreement contains affirmative, negative and financial covenants customary for financings of this type, including, among other things, covenants to maintain a minimum consolidated net worth and maximum consolidated leverage ratio and limitations on certain liens, mergers, dispositions and transactions with affiliates. In addition, the Note Purchase Agreement contains customary events of default. We were in compliance with the covenants under the Note Purchase Agreement at September 30, 2022.
We believe the carrying value of the Revolving Credit Facility, the Term Loan Facilities and other debt approximates fair value based on the interest rates and scheduled maturities applicable to the outstanding borrowings. The fair value of the Senior Notes is estimated to be $498.3 million at September 30, 2022, based on Level 2 inputs. The fair value is determined by discounting future cash flows using interest rates available for issuances with similar terms and average maturities.
The Company has issued $1.3 million in letters of credit under the Revolving Credit Facility, leaving $1.14 billion of available borrowing capacity under the Revolving Credit Facility at September 30, 2022. In addition, the Company had issued $279.2 million under separate, committed and uncommitted letter-of-credit facilities for total issued letters of credit of $280.5 million at September 30, 2022.
The following table presents the amount of interest paid by the Company during September 30, 2022, October 1, 2021 and October 2, 2020 (in thousands):

For the Years Ended
September 30, 2022 |  | October 1, 2021 |  | October 2, 2020
$88,031 |  | $54,860 |  | $58,257

10.Leases
The components of lease expense (reflected in selling, general and administrative expenses) for th e years ended September 30, 2022, October 1, 2021 and October 2, 2020 were as follows (in thousands):

|  |  |  | September 30, 2022 |  | October 1, 2021 |  | October 2, 2020
Lease cost |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Operating lease cost |  |  |  | $ | 151,134 |  |  | $ | 160,026 |  |  | $ | 169,967 |
Variable lease cost |  |  |  | 36,631 |  |  | 31,727 |  |  | 35,083 |
Sublease income |  |  |  | (15,207) |  |  | (12,359) |  |  | (14,719) |
Total lease cost |  |  |  | $ | 172,558 |  |  | $ | 179,394 |  |  | $ | 190,331 |

F-32

JACOBS SOLUTIONS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)
Supplemental information related to the Company's leases for the years ended September 30, 2022 and October 1, 2021 was as follows (in thousands):

|  | September 30, 2022 |  | October 1, 2021
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurements of lease liabilities |  | $ | 229,275 |  |  | $ | 209,594 |
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities |  | $ | 38,110 |  |  | $ | 165,770 |
Weighted average remaining lease term - operating leases |  | 6.3 years |  | 7 years
Weighted average discount rate - operating leases |  | 2.8% |  | 2.6%

Total remaining lease payments under the Company's leases for each of the succeeding years is as follows (in thousands):

Fiscal Year |  | Operating Leases
2023 |  | $ | 168,347 |
2024 |  | 149,492 |
2025 |  | 125,494 |
2026 |  | 106,247 |
2027 |  | 86,639 |
Thereafter |  | 196,628 |
|  | 832,847 |
Less Interest |  | (75,229) |
|  | $ | 757,618 |

Right-of-Use and Other Long-Lived Asset Impairment
During fiscal 2022 and fiscal 2020, as a result of the Company's transformation initiatives, including the changing nature of the Company's use of office space for its workforce, the Company evaluated its existing real estate lease portfolio. These initiatives resulted in the abandonment of certain leased office spaces and the establishment of a formal plan to sublease certain other leased spaces that will no longer be utilized by the Company. In connection with the Company’s actions related to these initiatives, the Company evaluated certain of its lease right-of-use assets and related property, equipment and leasehold improvements for impairment under ASC 360.
As a result of the analysis, the Company recognized impairment losses of $78.3 million and $162 million for the fiscal years ended September 30, 2022 and October 2, 2020, respectively, which are included in selling, general and administrative expenses in the accompanying statements of earnings. The impairment losses recorded include $60.7 million and $127.0 million related to right-of-use lease assets and $17.7 million and $35.0 million related to other long-lived assets, including property, equipment & improvements and leasehold improvements for the fiscal years ended September 30, 2022 and October 2, 2020, respectively.
11.Employee Stock Purchase and Stock Incentive Plans
Employee Stock Purchase Plans
Under the Company's stock purchase plans, eligible employees who elect to participate in these plans are granted the right to purchase shares of the common stock of Jacobs at a discount that is limited to 5% of the per-share market value on the day shares are sold to employees.
F-33

JACOBS SOLUTIONS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)
The following table summarizes the stock issuance activity under the plans for the fiscal years ended September 30, 2022, October 1, 2021 and October 2, 2020:

| For the Years Ended
| September 30, 2022 |  | October 1, 2021 |  | October 2, 2020
Aggregate Purchase Price Paid for Shares Sold (in thousands): | $ | 38,648 |  |  | $ | 32,149 |  |  | $ | 27,813 |
Aggregate Number of Shares Sold: | 302,429 |  |  | 287,587 |  |  | 333,078 |

At September 30, 2022, there rema ins 2,875,448 sh ares reserved for issuance under the Company's stock purchase plans.
Stock Incentive Plans
We also sponsor the 1999 Stock Incentive Plan, as amended and restated (the "SIP") and the 1999 Outside Director Stock Plan, as amended and restated (the "ODSP"). The 1999 SIP provides for the issuance of incentive stock options, non-qualified stock options, share appreciation rights ("SARs"), restricted stock and restricted stock units to employees. The 1999 ODSP provides for awards of shares of common stock, restricted stock, restricted stock units and grants of non-qualified stock options to our outside (i.e., nonemployee) directors. The following table sets forth certain information about the 1999 Plans:

| 1999 SIP |  | 1999 ODSP |  | Total
Number of shares authorized | 29,850,000 |  |  | 1,100,000 |  |  | 30,950,000 |
Number of remaining shares reserved for issuance at September 30, 2022 | 4,244,964 |  |  | 242,212 |  |  | 4,487,176 |
Number of shares relating to outstanding stock options at September 30, 2022 | 358,224 |  |  | 81,125 |  |  | 439,349 |
Number of shares available for future awards: |  |  |  |  |
At September 30, 2022 | 3,886,740 |  |  | 161,087 |  |  | 4,047,827 |
At October 1, 2021 | 4,166,975 |  |  | 187,554 |  |  | 4,354,529 |

Effective September 28, 2012, all grants of shares under the 1999 SIP are issued on a fungible basis. An award other than an option or SAR is granted on a 1.92-to-1.00 basis (“Fungible”). An award of an option or SAR is granted on a 1-to-1 basis (“Not Fungible”).
The following table presents the fair value of shares (of restricted stock and restricted stock units) vested for the years ended September 30, 2022, October 1, 2021 and October 2, 2020 (in thousands):

| For the Years Ended
| September 30, 2022 |  | October 1, 2021 |  | October 2, 2020
Restricted Stock and Restricted Stock Units (service condition) | $ | 23,077 |  |  | $ | 20,374 |  |  | $ | 29,209 |
Restricted Stock Units (service, market, and performance conditions at target) | 22,678 |  |  | 26,495 |  |  | 20,998 |
Total | $ | 45,755 |  |  | $ | 46,869 |  |  | $ | 50,207 |

At September 30, 2022, the amount of compensation cost relating to non-vested awards not yet recognized in the financial statements is approximately $81.9 million. The majority of these unrecognized compensation costs will be recognized by the first quarter of fiscal 2024. The weighted average remaining contractual term of options currently exercisable is 2.2 years.
F-34

JACOBS SOLUTIONS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)
Stock Options
The following table summarizes the stock option activity for the years ended September 30, 2022, October 1, 2021 and October 2, 2020:

| Number of Stock Options |  | Weighted Average Exercise Price
Outstanding at September 27, 2019 | 926,606 |  |  | $ | 45.48 |
Exercised | (212,467) |  |  | $ | 44.05 |
Cancelled or expired | (7,650) |  |  | $ | 45.31 |
Outstanding at October 2, 2020 | 706,489 |  |  | $ | 45.91 |
Exercised | (130,030) |  |  | $ | 47.07 |
Cancelled or expired | (2,475) |  |  | $ | 45.18 |
Outstanding at October 1, 2021 | 573,984 |  |  | $ | 45.65 |
Granted (1) | 150,951 |  |  | $ | 12.79 |
Exercised | (284,502) |  |  | $ | 43.56 |
Cancelled or expired | (1,084) |  |  | $ | 21.34 |
Outstanding at September 30, 2022 | 439,349 |  |  | $ | 35.77 |

(1) Included in the September 30, 2022 amounts are options issued related to a recent business combination with strike prices lower than the then-current share price in order to derive a certain value.
Cash received from the exercise of stock options, net of tax remitted, during the year ended September 30, 2022 was $12.4 million.
F-35

JACOBS SOLUTIONS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)
Stock options outstanding at September 30, 2022 consisted entirely of non-qualified stock options. The following table presents the total intrinsic value of stock options exercised for the fiscal years ended September 30, 2022, October 1, 2021 and October 2, 2020 (in thousands):

For the Years Ended
September 30, 2022 |  | October 1, 2021 |  | October 2, 2020
$28,149 |  | $9,693 |  | $9,986

The total intrinsic value of stock options exercisable at September 30, 2022 was approximately $25.2 million. The following table presents certain other information regarding our 1999 SIP and 1999 OSDP for the fiscal years ended September 30, 2022, October 1, 2021 and October 2, 2020:

| September 30, 2022 |  | October 1, 2021 |  | October 2, 2020
At fiscal year end: |  |  |  |  |
Range of exercise prices for options exercisable (1) | $5.64–$60.43 |  | $37.03–$60.43 |  | $32.51–$60.43
Number of options exercisable | 367,624 |  |  | 573,984 |  |  | 706,489 |
For the fiscal year: |  |  |  |  |
Range of prices relating to options exercised | $11.27–$60.43 |  | $32.51-$60.43 |  | $37.03-$60.08

(1) Included in the September 30, 2022 amounts are options issued related to a recent business combination with strike prices lower than the then-current share price in order to derive a certain value.
The following table presents certain information regarding stock options outstanding and stock options exercisable at September 30, 2022:

| September 30, 2022
| Options Outstanding and Exercisable
Range of Exercise Prices | Number |  | Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life (years) |  | Weighted Average Price
$32.51 - $37.03 | 149,328 |  |  | 7.60 |  | $ | 12.79 |
$37.43 - $46.09 | 178,009 |  |  | 2.82 |  | $ | 43.01 |
$47.11 - $55.13 | 90,137 |  |  | 0.96 |  | $ | 53.53 |
$60.08 - $80.63 | 21,875 |  |  | 1.42 |  | $ | 60.43 |
| 439,349 |  |  | 3.99 |  | $ | 35.77 |

The 1999 ODSP and the 1999 SIP allow participants to satisfy the exercise price of stock options by tendering shares of Jacobs common stock that have been owned by the participants for at least six months. Shares so tendered are retired and canceled, and are shown as repurchases of common stock in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity. The weighted average remaining contractual term of options currently exercisable i s 3.1 years.
F-36

JACOBS SOLUTIONS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)
Restricted Stock
The following table presents the number of shares of restricted stock and restricted stock units issued as common stock under the 1999 SIP for the years ended September 30, 2022, October 1, 2021 and October 2, 2020:

| For the Years Ended
| September 30, 2022 |  | October 1, 2021 |  | October 2, 2020
Restricted stock | 818 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Restricted stock units (service condition) | 290,582 |  |  | 380,722 |  |  | 351,670 |
Restricted stock units (service and performance conditions) | 176,470 |  |  | 181,132 |  |  | 202,792 |

The amount of restricted stock units issued for awards with performance conditions in the above table are issued based on performance against the target amount. The number of shares ultimately issued, which could be greater or less than target, will be based on achieving specific performance conditions related to the awards as well as achieving the service condition required for the restricted stock units to vest.
The following table presents the number and weighted average grant-date fair value of restricted stock and restricted stock units at September 30, 2022:

| Number of Shares |  | Weighted Average Grant-Date Fair Value
Outstanding at October 1, 2021 | 1,444,231 |  |  | $ | 91.23 |
Granted | 623,323 |  |  | $ | 127.35 |
Vested | (602,793) |  |  | $ | 80.95 |
Canceled | (89,332) |  |  | $ | 113.89 |
Outstanding at September 30, 2022 | 1,375,429 |  |  | $ | 110.64 |

The following table presents the number of shares of restricted stock and restricted stock units canceled and withheld for taxes under the 1999 SIP for the years ended September 30, 2022, October 1, 2021 and October 2, 2020:

| For the Years Ended
| September 30, 2022 |  | October 1, 2021 |  | October 2, 2020
Restricted stock | — |  |  | — |  |  | 34,417 |
Restricted stock units (service condition) | 57,366 |  |  | 201,967 |  |  | 183,099 |
Restricted stock units (service and performance conditions) | 31,966 |  |  | 218,520 |  |  | 160,781 |

The amount of unvested restricted stock units canceled for awards with service and performance conditions in the above table is based on the service period achieved and performance against the target amount.
The restrictions attached to restricted stock and restricted stock units generally relate to the recipient’s ability to sell or otherwise transfer the stock or stock units. There are also restrictions that subject the stock and stock units to forfeiture back to the Company until earned by the recipient through continued employment or service.
The following table provides the number of restricted stock units outstanding at September 30, 2022 under the 1999 SIP.
F-37

JACOBS SOLUTIONS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)

| September 30, 2022
Restricted stock | 252 |
Restricted stock units (service condition) | 732,945 |
Restricted stock units (service and performance conditions) | 585,099 |

The following table presents the number of shares of restricted stock and restricted stock units issued under the 1999 ODSP for the years ended September 30, 2022, October 1, 2021 and October 2, 2020:

| For the Years Ended
| September 30, 2022 |  | October 1, 2021 |  | October 2, 2020
Restricted stock units (service condition) | 13,785 |  |  | 17,680 |  |  | 18,100 |

No shares of restricted stock were issued under the 1999 ODSP during such periods.
The following table provides the number of shares of restricted stock and restricted stock units outstanding at September 30, 2022 under the 1999 ODSP:

| September 30, 2022
Restricted stock | — |
Restricted stock units (service condition) | 57,133 |

All shares granted under the 1999 ODSP are issued on a 1.92-to-1.00 basis.
12.Savings and Deferred Compensation Plans
Savings Plans
We sponsor various defined contribution savings plans which allow participants to make voluntary contributions by salary deduction. Such plans cover substantially all of our domestic, nonunion employees in the U.S. and are qualified under Section 401(k) of the U.S. Internal Revenue Code. Similar plans outside the U.S. cover various groups of employees of our international subsidiaries and affiliates. Several of these plans allow the Company to match, on a voluntary basis, a portion of the employee contributions. The following table presents the Company’s contributions to these savings plans for the years ended September 30, 2022, October 1, 2021 and October 2, 2020 (in thousands):

September 30, 2022 |  | October 1, 2021 |  | October 2, 2020
$ | 184,399 |  |  | $ | 132,865 |  |  | $ | 91,833 |

Deferred Compensation Plans
Our non-qualified deferred compensation programs provide benefits payable to directors, officers, and certain key employees or their designated beneficiaries at specified future dates, upon retirement, or death. The plans are unfunded; therefore, benefits are paid from the general assets of the Company. Participants' cash deferrals earn a return based on the participants' selection of investments in several hypothetical investment options. Participants are also able to defer stock based compensation in the plans, which must remain invested in Company stock and are distributed in shares of Jacobs common stock. Since no investment diversification is permitted, changes in the fair value of Jacobs' common stock are not recognized. For the deferred compensation held in company stock, the number of shares needed to settle the liability is included in the denominator in both the basic and diluted earnings per share calculations. The following table presents the amount charged to expense for the Company’s deferred compensation plans for the years ended September 30, 2022, October 1, 2021 and October 2, 2020 (in thousands):

September 30, 2022 |  | October 1, 2021 |  | October 2, 2020
$ | 1,697 |  |  | $ | 2,900 |  |  | $ | 203 |

F-38

JACOBS SOLUTIONS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)
The following table presents the amount relating to assets held as deferred compensation arrangement investments for the years ended September 30, 2022 and October 1, 2021 (in thousands):

| September 30, 2022 |  | October 1, 2021
Deferred compensation arrangement investments | $ | 165,118 |  |  | $ | 210,223 |

Deferred compensation arrangement investments are comprised primarily of the cash surrender value of life insurance policies and pooled-investment funds. The fair value of the pooled investment funds is derived using Level 2 inputs.
13.Pension and Other Postretirement Benefit Plans
Company-Only Sponsored Plans
We sponsor various defined benefit pension and other post retirement plans covering employees of certain U.S. and international subsidiaries. The pension plans provide pension benefits that are based on the employee’s compensation and years of service. Our funding policy varies by country and plan according to applicable local funding requirements and plan-specific funding agreements.
The accounting for pension and other post-retirement benefit plans requires the use of assumptions and estimates in order to calculate periodic benefit cost and the value of the plans’ assets and benefit obligations. These assumptions include discount rates, investment returns, and projected salary increases, among others. The discount rates used in valuing the plans' benefit obligations were determined with reference to high quality corporate and government bonds that are appropriately matched to the duration of each plan's obligations. The expected long-term rate of return on plan assets is generally based on using country-specific simulation models which select a single outcome for expected return based on the target asset allocation. The expected long-term rates of return used in the valuation are the annual average returns generated by these assumptions over a 20-year period for each asset class based on the expected long-term rate of return of the underlying assets.
The following table sets forth the changes in the plans’ combined net benefit obligation (segregated between plans existing within and outside the U.S.) for the years ended September 30, 2022 and October 1, 2021 (in thousands):

| U.S. Plans |  | Non-U.S. Plans
| September 30, 2022 |  | October 1, 2021 |  | September 30, 2022 |  | October 1, 2021
Net benefit obligation at the beginning of the year | $ | 404,820 |  |  | $ | 437,920 |  |  | $ | 2,375,640 |  |  | $ | 2,388,077 |
Service cost | 236 |  |  | 456 |  |  | 6,480 |  |  | 6,568 |
Interest cost | 10,350 |  |  | 10,221 |  |  | 42,328 |  |  | 38,907 |
Participants’ contributions | — |  |  | — |  |  | 249 |  |  | 212 |
Actuarial gains (1) | (85,067) |  |  | (11,808) |  |  | (651,798) |  |  | (140,670) |
Benefits paid | (25,565) |  |  | (25,582) |  |  | (74,378) |  |  | (74,477) |
Curtailments/settlements/plan amendments | (5,271) |  |  | (6,387) |  |  | (2,641) |  |  | (13,932) |
Acquisition of PA Consulting Plans, net of post-deal transfers (2) | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 66,065 |
Effect of exchange rate changes and other, net | — |  |  | — |  |  | (330,414) |  |  | 104,890 |
Net benefit obligation at the end of the year | $ | 299,503 |  |  | $ | 404,820 |  |  | $ | 1,365,466 |  |  | $ | 2,375,640 |

(1)Actuarial gains primarily driven by change in discount rates.
(2)See note below change in assets table.
F-39

JACOBS SOLUTIONS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)
The following table sets forth the changes in the combined Fair Value of the plans’ assets (segregated between plans existing within and outside the U.S.) for the years ended September 30, 2022 and October 1, 2021 (in thousands):

| U.S. Plans |  | Non-U.S. Plans
| September 30, 2022 |  | October 1, 2021 |  | September 30, 2022 |  | October 1, 2021
Fair value of plan assets at the beginning of the year | $ | 385,521 |  |  | $ | 382,250 |  |  | $ | 2,203,495 |  |  | $ | 2,043,356 |
Actual (loss) return on plan assets | (68,585) |  |  | 35,152 |  |  | (557,972) |  |  | 60,040 |
Employer contributions | 93 |  |  | 88 |  |  | 33,032 |  |  | 39,085 |
Participants’ contributions | — |  |  | — |  |  | 249 |  |  | 212 |
Gross benefits paid | (25,565) |  |  | (25,582) |  |  | (74,378) |  |  | (74,477) |
Curtailments/settlements/plan amendments | (5,271) |  |  | (6,387) |  |  | (2,641) |  |  | (13,932) |
Acquisition of PA Consulting Plans, net of post-deal transfers | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 60,160 |
Effect of exchange rate changes and other, net | — |  |  | — |  |  | (304,160) |  |  | 89,051 |
Fair value of plan assets at the end of the year | $ | 286,193 |  |  | $ | 385,521 |  |  | $ | 1,297,625 |  |  | $ | 2,203,495 |

On March 2, 2021, the Company made a strategic investment in PA Consulting, and as a result acquired a gross pension plan obligation of $1.025 billion and pension assets of $1.018 billion. In the third quarter of fiscal 2021, PA Consulting transferred the majority of the assets and liabilities of its largest pension plan to an insurance company, approximately $960 million each, effectively settling those related assets and liabilities for no impact to net income.
Also during fiscal 2022 and 2021, the Company incurred combined curtailment and settlement losses on our defined benefit plans of approxima tely $0.1 million and $2.8 million, respectively, prima rily related to the Ireland, US and UK plans.
The following table reconciles the combined funded statuses of the plans recognized in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets at September 30, 2022 and October 1, 2021 (segregated between plans existing within and outside the U.S.) (in thousands):

| U.S. Plans |  | Non-U.S. Plans
| September 30, 2022 |  | October 1, 2021 |  | September 30, 2022 |  | October 1, 2021
Net benefit obligation at the end of the year | $ | 299,503 |  |  | $ | 404,820 |  |  | $ | 1,365,466 |  |  | $ | 2,375,640 |
Fair value of plan assets at the end of the year | 286,193 |  |  | 385,521 |  |  | 1,297,625 |  |  | 2,203,495 |
Underfunded amount recognized at the end of the year | $ | 13,310 |  |  | $ | 19,299 |  |  | $ | 67,841 |  |  | $ | 172,145 |

The following table presents the accumulated benefit obligation at September 30, 2022 and October 1, 2021 (segregated between plans existing within and outside the U.S.) (in thousands):

| U.S. Plans |  | Non-U.S. Plans
| September 30, 2022 |  | October 1, 2021 |  | September 30, 2022 |  | October 1, 2021
Accumulated benefit obligation at the end of the year | $ | 299,347 |  |  | $ | 404,283 |  |  | $ | 1,355,717 |  |  | $ | 2,305,808 |

F-40

JACOBS SOLUTIONS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)
The following table presents the amounts recognized in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets at September 30, 2022 and October 1, 2021 (segregated between plans existing within and outside the U.S.) (in thousands):

| U.S. Plans |  | Non-U.S. Plans
| September 30, 2022 |  | October 1, 2021 |  | September 30, 2022 |  | October 1, 2021
Prepaid benefit cost included in noncurrent assets | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 54,897 |  |  | $ | 48,340 |
Accrued benefit cost included in current liabilities | 83 |  |  | 84 |  |  | 4,359 |  |  | 3,873 |
Accrued benefit cost included in noncurrent liabilities | 13,227 |  |  | 19,215 |  |  | 118,379 |  |  | 216,612 |
Net amount recognized at the end of the year | $ | 13,310 |  |  | $ | 19,299 |  |  | $ | 67,841 |  |  | $ | 172,145 |

The following table presents the significant actuarial assumptions used in determining the funded statuses and the following year's benefit cost of the Company’s U.S. plans for the years ended September 30, 2022, October 1, 2021 and October 2, 2020:

| For the Years Ended
| September 30, 2022 |  | October 1, 2021 |  | October 2, 2020
Discount rates | 4.2% to 5.5% |  | 2.3% to 2.8% |  | 2.0% to 2.7%
Rates of compensation increases | 3.5% |  | 3.5% |  | 3.5%
Expected long-term rates of return on assets | 5.5% to 6.4% |  | 4.7% to 5.1% |  | 4.6% to 4.7%

The following table presents the significant actuarial assumptions used in determining the funded statuses and the following year's benefit cost of the Company’s non-U.S. plans for the years ended September 30, 2022, October 1, 2021 and October 2, 2020:

| For the Years Ended
| September 30, 2022 |  | October 1, 2021 |  | October 2, 2020
Discount rates | 2.4% to 7.4% |  | 0.6% to 6.6% |  | 0.4% to 6.6%
Rates of compensation increases | 2.5% to 9.0% |  | 2.4% to 7.5% |  | 2.7% to 7.5%
Expected long-term rates of return on assets | 3.3% to 7.5% |  | 2.0% to 7.0% |  | 1.8% to 7.0%

The following table presents certain amounts relating to our U.S. plans recognized in accumulated other comprehensive (gain) loss at September 30, 2022, October 1, 2021 and October 2, 2020 (in thousands):

| September 30, 2022 |  | October 1, 2021 |  | October 2, 2020
Arising during the period: |  |  |  |  |
Net actuarial loss (gain) | $ | 578 |  |  | $ | (25,109) |  |  | $ | (900) |
Prior service cost | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,589
Total | 578 |  |  | (25,109) |  |  | 689
Reclassification adjustments: |  |  |  |  |
Net actuarial losses | (2,157) |  |  | (3,204) |  |  | (2,653) |
Prior service (benefit) | (324) |  |  | (325) |  |  | (244) |
Total | (2,481) |  |  | (3,529) |  |  | (2,897) |
Total | $ | (1,903) |  |  | $ | (28,638) |  |  | $ | (2,208) |

F-41

JACOBS SOLUTIONS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)
The following table presents certain amounts relating to our non-U.S. plans recognized in accumulated other comprehensive (gain) loss at September 30, 2022, October 1, 2021 and October 2, 2020 (in thousands):

| September 30, 2022 |  | October 1, 2021 |  | October 2, 2020
Arising during the period: |  |  |  |  |
Net actuarial (gain) loss | $ | (78,705) |  |  | $ | (65,547) |  |  | $ | 71,676 |
Prior service cost | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Total | (78,705) |  |  | (65,547) |  |  | 71,676 |
Reclassification adjustments: |  |  |  |  |
Net actuarial losses | (5,492) |  |  | (8,761) |  |  | (6,322) |
Prior service (benefit) | (1,066) |  |  | (1,219) |  |  | (1,169) |
Total | (6,558) |  |  | (9,980) |  |  | (7,491) |
Total | $ | (85,263) |  |  | $ | (75,527) |  |  | $ | 64,185 |

The following table presents certain amounts relating to our plans recorded in accumulated other comprehensive loss that have not yet been recognized as components of net periodic benefit cost at September 30, 2022 and October 1, 2021 (segregated between U.S. and non-U.S. plans) (in thousands):

| U.S. Plans |  | Non-U.S. Plans
| September 30, 2022 |  | October 1, 2021 |  | September 30, 2022 |  | October 1, 2021
Net actuarial loss | $ | 37,638 |  |  | $ | 39,217 |  |  | $ | 248,716 |  |  | $ | 328,397 |
Prior service cost | 697 |  |  | 1,021 |  |  | 20,344 |  |  | 25,926 |
Total | $ | 38,335 |  |  | $ | 40,238 |  |  | $ | 269,060 |  |  | $ | 354,323 |

The following table presents the amount of accumulated comprehensive income that will be amortized against earnings as part of our net periodic benefit cost in fiscal 2023 based on 2022 exchange rates (segregated between U.S. and non-U.S. plans) (in thousands):

| U.S. Plans |  | Non-U.S. Plans
Unrecognized net actuarial (gain) or loss | $ | (1,770) |  |  | $ | 5,310 |
Unrecognized prior service cost | 431 |  |  | 1,246 |
Accumulated comprehensive (gain) or loss to be recorded against earnings | $ | (1,339) |  |  | $ | 6,556 |

We consider various factors in developing the estimates for the expected, long-term rates of return on plan assets. These factors include the projected, long-term rates of returns on the various types of assets in which the plans invest, as well as historical returns. In general, investment allocations are determined by each plan’s trustees and/or investment committees. The objectives of the plans’ investment policies are to (i) maximize returns while preserving capital; (ii) provide returns sufficient to meet the current and long-term obligations of the plan as the obligations become due; and (iii) maintain a diversified portfolio of assets so as to reduce the risk associated with having a disproportionate amount of the plans’ total assets invested in any one type of asset, issuer or geography. None of our pension plans hold Jacobs common stock directly (although some plans may hold shares indirectly through investments in mutual funds). The plans’ weighted average asset allocations at September 30, 2022 and October 1, 2021 (the measurement dates used in valuing the plans’ assets and liabilities) were as follows:

| U.S. Plans |  | Non-U.S. Plans
| September 30, 2022 |  | October 1, 2021 |  | September 30, 2022 |  | October 1, 2021
Equity securities | 2 | % |  | 3 | % |  | 15 | % |  | 15 | %
Debt securities | 66 | % |  | 58 | % |  | 49 | % |  | 54 | %
Real estate investments | — | % |  | — | % |  | 11 | % |  | 9 | %
Other | 32 | % |  | 39 | % |  | 25 | % |  | 22 | %

F-42

JACOBS SOLUTIONS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)
The following table presents the Fair Value of the Company’s Domestic U.S. plan assets at September 30, 2022, segregated by level of Fair Value measurement inputs within the Fair Value hierarchy promulgated by U.S. GAAP (in thousands):

| September 30, 2022
| Fair Value, Determined Using Fair Value Measurement Inputs
| Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3 |  | Investments measured at Net Asset Value |  | Total
Equities | $ | 6,708 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 6,708 |
Domestic bonds | 64,396 |  |  | 106,961 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 171,357 |
Overseas bonds | — |  |  | 15,200 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 15,200 |
Cash and equivalents | 19,025 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 19,025 |
Mutual funds | 73,903 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 73,903 |
Total | $ | 164,032 |  |  | $ | 122,161 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 286,193 |

The following table presents the Fair Value of the Company’s non-U.S. plan assets at September 30, 2022, segregated by level of Fair Value measurement inputs within the Fair Value hierarchy promulgated by U.S. GAAP (in thousands):

| September 30, 2022
| Fair Value, Determined Using Fair Value Measurement Inputs
| Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3 |  | Investments measured at Net Asset Value |  | Total
Domestic equities | $ | — |  |  | $ | 42,655 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,539 |  |  | $ | 44,194 |
Overseas equities | — |  |  | 74,056 |  |  | — |  |  | 76,813 |  |  | 150,869 |
Domestic bonds | — |  |  | 38,448 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 38,448 |
Overseas bonds | — |  |  | 532,697 |  |  | — |  |  | 64,897 |  |  | 597,594 |
Cash and equivalents | 9,667 |  |  | 1,835 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 11,502 |
Real estate | — |  |  | 4,076 |  |  | 102,868 |  |  | 36,959 |  |  | 143,903 |
Insurance contracts | — |  |  | — |  |  | 80,231 |  |  |  |  | 80,231 |
Hedge funds | — |  |  | — |  |  | 138,603 |  |  | 11,568 |  |  | 150,171 |
Mutual funds | — |  |  | 80,713 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 80,713 |
Total | $ | 9,667 |  |  | $ | 774,480 |  |  | $ | 321,702 |  |  | $ | 191,776 |  |  | $ | 1,297,625 |

F-43

JACOBS SOLUTIONS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)
The following table presents the Fair Value of the Company’s U.S. plan assets at October 1, 2021, segregated by level of Fair Value measurement inputs within the Fair Value hierarchy promulgated by U.S. GAAP (in thousands):

| October 1, 2021
| Fair Value, Determined Using Fair Value Measurement Inputs
| Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3 |  | Investments measured at Net Asset Value |  | Total
Equities | $ | 12,331 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 12,331 |
Domestic bonds | 74,456 |  |  | 132,138 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 206,594 |
Overseas bonds | — |  |  | 15,730 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 15,730 |
Cash and equivalents | 22,634 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 22,634 |
Mutual funds | 128,232 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 128,232 |
Total | $ | 237,653 |  |  | $ | 147,868 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 385,521 |

The following table presents the Fair Value of the Company’s non-U.S. plan assets at October 1, 2021, segregated by level of Fair Value measurement inputs within the Fair Value hierarchy promulgated by U.S. GAAP (in thousands):

| October 1, 2021
| Fair Value, Determined Using Fair Value Measurement Inputs
| Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3 |  | Investments measured at Net Asset Value |  | Total
Domestic equities | $ | — |  |  | $ | 86,117 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 2,662 |  |  | $ | 88,779 |
Overseas equities | — |  |  | 142,243 |  |  | — |  |  | 101,071 |  |  | 243,314 |
Domestic bonds | — |  |  | 48,119 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 48,119 |
Overseas bonds | — |  |  | 1,049,585 |  |  | — |  |  | 56,616 |  |  | 1,106,201 |
Cash and equivalents | 27,579 |  |  | 1,322 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 28,901 |
Real estate | — |  |  | 17,319 |  |  | 116,936 |  |  | 53,434 |  |  | 187,689 |
Insurance contracts | — |  |  | — |  |  | 133,802 |  |  | — |  |  | 133,802 |
Hedge funds | — |  |  | — |  |  | 231,319 |  |  | 16,020 |  |  | 247,339 |
Mutual funds | — |  |  | 119,351 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 119,351 |
Total | $ | 27,579 |  |  | $ | 1,464,056 |  |  | $ | 482,057 |  |  | $ | 229,803 |  |  | $ | 2,203,495 |

The following table summarizes the changes in the Fair Value of the Company’s non-U.S. Pension Plans’ Level 3 assets for the years ended September 30, 2022 and October 1, 2021 (in thousands):

| Real Estate |  | Insurance Contracts |  | Hedge Funds
Balance at Balance at October 2, 2020 | $ | 105,422 |  |  | $ | 67,709 |  |  | $ | 171,730 |
Purchases, sales, and settlements | 6,288 |  |  | 2,413 |  |  | 51,513 |
Realized and unrealized gains | 398 |  |  | 1,448 |  |  | 864 |
Acquisition of PA Consulting Plans, net of post-deal transfers | — |  |  | 60,160 |  |  | — |
Effect of exchange rate changes | 4,828 |  |  | 2,072 |  |  | 7,212 |
Balance at October 1, 2021 | $ | 116,936 |  |  | $ | 133,802 |  |  | $ | 231,319 |
Purchases, sales, and settlements | (8,686) |  |  | (6,312) |  |  | (11,553) |
Realized and unrealized losses | 14,701 |  |  | (24,770) |  |  | (42,964) |
Effect of exchange rate changes | (20,083) |  |  | (22,489) |  |  | (38,199) |
Balance at September 30, 2022 | $ | 102,868 |  |  | $ | 80,231 |  |  | $ | 138,603 |

F-44

JACOBS SOLUTIONS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)
The following table presents the amount of cash contributions we anticipate making into the plans during fiscal 2023 (in thousands):

| U.S. Plans |  | Non-U.S. Plans
Anticipated cash contributions | $ | — |  |  | $ | 26,651 |

The following table presents the total benefit payments expected to be paid to plan participants during each of the next five fiscal years, and in total for the five years thereafter (in thousands):

| U.S. Plans |  | Non-U.S. Pans
2023 | $ | 30,869 |  |  | $ | 62,922 |
2024 | 28,884 |  |  | 67,058 |
2025 | 28,088 |  |  | 68,129 |
2026 | 27,377 |  |  | 72,069 |
2027 | 26,139 |  |  | 78,254 |
For the periods 2028 through 2032 | 115,872 |  |  | 351,748 |

The following table presents the components of net periodic benefit cost for the Company’s U.S. plans recognized in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Earnings for the years ended September 30, 2022, October 1, 2021 and October 2, 2020 (in thousands):

| September 30, 2022 |  | October 1, 2021 |  | October 2, 2020
Service cost | $ | 236 |  |  | $ | 456 |  |  | $ | 409 |
Interest cost | 10,350 |  |  | 10,221 |  |  | 12,673 |
Expected return on plan assets | (16,933) |  |  | (15,932) |  |  | (17,670) |
Actuarial loss | 2,861 |  |  | 4,249 |  |  | 3,518 |
Prior service cost | 430 |  |  | 431 |  |  | 323 |
Net pension cost, before special items | $ | (3,056) |  |  | $ | (575) |  |  | $ | (747) |
Curtailment expense/Settlement (gain) loss | (206) |  |  | (64) |  |  | 3,436 |
Total net periodic pension (income) cost recognized | $ | (3,262) |  |  | $ | (639) |  |  | $ | 2,689 |

The following table presents the components of net periodic benefit cost for the Company’s Non-U.S. plans recognized in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Earnings for the years ended September 30, 2022, October 1, 2021 and October 2, 2020 (in thousands):

| September 30, 2022 |  | October 1, 2021 |  | October 2, 2020
Service cost | $ | 6,480 |  |  | $ | 6,568 |  |  | $ | 5,710 |
Interest cost | 42,328 |  |  | 38,907 |  |  | 39,469 |
Expected return on plan assets | (71,875) |  |  | (90,346) |  |  | (93,407) |
Actuarial loss | 7,147 |  |  | 10,834 |  |  | 7,578 |
Prior service cost | 1,421 |  |  | 1,519 |  |  | 1,405 |
Net pension cost, before special items | $ | (14,499) |  |  | $ | (32,518) |  |  | $ | (39,245) |
Curtailment expense/Settlement loss | 329 |  |  | 2,847 |  |  | 1,341 |
Total net periodic pension (income) cost recognized | $ | (14,170) |  |  | $ | (29,671) |  |  | $ | (37,904) |

The service cost component of net periodic pension income is presented in direct cost of contracts and selling, general and administrative expenses while all other components are presented in miscellaneous income (expense), net on the Consolidated Statements of Earnings for the years presented above.
F-45

JACOBS SOLUTIONS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)
Multiemployer Plans
In the U.S. and various other countries, we contribute to trusteed pension plans covering hourly and certain salaried employees under industry-wide agreements. Contributions are based on the hours worked by employees covered under these agreements and are charged to direct costs of contracts on a current basis. With respect to these multiemployer plans, the Company's liability to fund these plans is generally limited to the contributions we are required to make under collective bargaining agreements.
Based on our review of our multiemployer pension plans under the guidance provided in ASU 2011-09— Compensation-Retirement Benefits-Multiemployer Plans, we have concluded that none of the multiemployer pension plans into which we contribute are individually significant to our Consolidated Financial Statements.
The following table presents the Company’s contributions to these multiemployer plans for the years ended September 30, 2022, October 1, 2021 and October 2, 2020 (in thousands):

| September 30, 2022 |  | October 1, 2021 |  | October 2, 2020
Europe | $ | 1,548 |  |  | $ | 1,713 |  |  | $ | 1,922 |
United States | 11,038 |  |  | 11,316 |  |  | 6,637 |
Contributions to multiemployer pension plans | $ | 12,586 |  |  | $ | 13,029 |  |  | $ | 8,559 |

F-46

JACOBS SOLUTIONS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)
14.PA Consulting Business Combination
Deal Summary, Opening Balance Sheet and Pro Forma Financial Information
On March 2, 2021, Jacobs completed the strategic investment of a 65% interest in PA Consulting, a UK-based leading innovation and transformation consulting firm. The total consideration paid by the Company was $1.7 billion, funded through cash on hand, proceeds from a new term loan and draws on the Company's existing Revolving Credit Facility. Further, in connection with the transaction, an additional $261 million in investment proceeds had not yet been distributed at the investment date due to continuing employment requirements of associated management owners. Consequently, this amount represented compensation expense incurred related to the investment that was expensed subsequent to the date of the transaction, and was reflected in selling, general and administrative expense and cash from operations for the fiscal year ended October 1, 2021. The remaining 35% interest was acquired by PA Consulting employees, whose redeemable noncontrolling interests had a fair value of $582.4 million on the closing date, including subsequent purchase accounting adjustments. PA Consulting is accounted for as a consolidated subsidiary and as a separate operating segment. See Note 9 - Borrowings for more discussion on the financing for the transaction.
The following summarizes the fair values of PA Consulting's assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the acquisition date (in millions):

Assets |
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 134.9 |
Receivables | 166.5 |
Property, equipment and improvements, net | 40.5 |
Goodwill | 1,454.0 |
Identifiable intangible assets | 1,004.2 |
Prepaid expenses and other current assets | 9.5 |
Miscellaneous long term assets | 84.0 |
Total Assets | $ | 2,893.6 |
Liabilities |
Accounts payable | $ | 6.5 |
Accrued liabilities and other current liabilities | 354.8 |
Other long term liabilities | 248.0 |
Total Liabilities | 609.3 |
Redeemable Noncontrolling interests | 582.4 |
Net assets acquired | $ | 1,701.9 |

Goodwill recognized is attributable to a substantial assembled workforce, which does not qualify for separate recognition, as well as expected future economic benefits. None of the goodwill recognized is expected to be deductible for tax purposes. The Company has completed its final assessment of the fair values of PA Consulting's assets acquired and liabilities assumed. Since the initial preliminary estimates reported in the second quarter of fiscal 2021, the Company has updated certain provisional amounts reflected in the final purchase price allocation, as summarized in the estimated fair values of PA Consulting assets acquired and liabilities assumed above. See below for further discussion on updates to redeemable noncontrolling interests.
Identifiable intangibles are customer relationships, contracts and backlog and trade name and have estimated lives ranging from 9 to 20 years (weighted average life of approximately 12 years).
F-47

JACOBS SOLUTIONS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)
The following presents summarized unaudited pro forma operating results of Jacobs from continuing operations assuming that the Company had the PA Consulting investment at September 28, 2019. These pro forma operating results are presented for illustrative purposes only and are not indicative of the operating results that would have been achieved had the related events occurred (in millions, except per share data):

| For the Years Ended
| October 1, 2021 |  | October 2, 2020
Revenues | $ | 14,504.3 |  |  | $ | 14,348.1 |
Net earnings of the Group | $ | 695.1 |  |  | $ | 83.5 |
Net earnings attributable to Jacobs | $ | 548.0 |  |  | $ | 138.6 |
Net earnings attributable to Jacobs per share: |  |  |
Basic earnings per share | $ | 4.21 |  |  | $ | 0.62 |
Diluted earnings per share | $ | 4.17 |  |  | $ | 0.61 |

Included in the table above are charges relating to transaction expenses, a nonrecurring compensation charge and other items that are removed from the years ended October 1, 2021 and are reflected in the prior fiscal year due to the assumed timing of the transaction. Also, income tax expense for the fiscal year p ro forma periods ended October 1, 2021 and October 2, 2020 wa s $330.7 million and $13.5 million, respectively.
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JACOBS SOLUTIONS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)
Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests
In connection with the PA Consulting investment, the Company recorded redeemable noncontrolling interests, including subsequent purchase accounting adjustments, representing the noncontrolling interest holders' equity interests in the form of preferred and common shares of PA Consulting, with substantially all of the value associated with these interests allocable to the preferred shares.
During fiscal 2022, the Company repurchased certain shares of the redeemable noncontrolling interest holders for $46.1 million in cash and issued certain shares of redeemable noncontrolling interest holders for $49.7 million. The difference between the cash purchase prices and the recorded book values of these repurchased and issued interests was recorded in the Company’s consolidated retained earnings.
During fiscal 2021, updates to the Company’s preliminary opening balance sheet fair value estimates of the noncontrolling interests resulted in an offsetting decrease and increase in fair value of the preference share and common share components of the interests by $57.3 million, respectively, with the corresponding redemption value adjustment associated with the preference share portion decreasing consolidated retained earnings and earnings per share by $0.44. See Note 4- Earnings Per Share and Certain Related Information. The results of these adjustments had no impact on the Company’s overall results of operations, financial position, or cash flows.
Changes in the Company's redeemable noncontrolling interests d uring the fiscal year ended September 30, 2022 are as follows (in thousands):

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Total
Balance at October 1, 2021 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 657,722 |
Accrued Preferred Dividend to Preference Shareholders |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 67,598 |
Attribution of Preferred Dividend to Common Shareholders |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | (67,598) |
Net earnings attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interest to Common Shareholders |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 34,585 |
Redeemable Noncontrolling interests redemption value adjustment |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 27,657 |
Repurchase of redeemable noncontrolling interests |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | (53,834) |
Issuance of redeemable noncontrolling interests |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 54,884 |
Cumulative translation adjustment and other |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | (88,492) |
Balance at September 30, 2022 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 632,522 |

In addition, certain employees and nonemployees of PA Consulting are eligible to receive equity-based incentive compensation under the terms of the applicable agreements. During the years ended September 30, 2022 and October 1, 2021, the Company recorded approximately $3.3 million and $0.4 million, respectively, in expense associated with these agreements which is reflected in selling, general and administrative expense in the consolidated statements of earnings.
Restricted Cash
The Company through its investment in PA Consulting held $13.7 million in cash that is restricted from general use and is included in prepaid expenses and other current assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheet.
F-49

JACOBS SOLUTIONS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)
15.Other Business Combinations
StreetLight Data, Inc.
On February 4, 2022, the Company acquired StreetLight Data, Inc. ("StreetLight"). StreetLight is a pioneer of mobility analytics who uses its data and machine learning resources to shed light on mobility and enable users to solve complex transportation problems. The Company paid total base consideration of approximately $190.8 million in cash and issued $0.9 million in equity and $5.2 million in in-the-money stock options to the former owners of StreetLight. The Company also paid off StreetLight's debt of approximately $1.0 million simultaneously with the consummation of the acquisition. The following summarizes the fair values of StreetLight's assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the acquisition date (in millions):

Assets |
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 7.3 |
Receivables | 5.2 |
Property, equipment and improvements, net | 0.1 |
Goodwill | 116.5 |
Identifiable intangible assets | 105.1 |
Prepaid expenses and other current assets | 2.0 |
Total Assets | $ | 236.2 |
Liabilities |
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other current liabilities | $ | 23.1 |
Other long term liabilities | 16.2 |
Total Liabilities | 39.3 |
Net assets acquired | $ | 196.9 |

The purchase price allocation is based upon preliminary information and is subject to change when additional information is obtained. Goodwill recognized is attributable to a substantial assembled workforce, which does not qualify for separate recognition, as well as expected future synergies from combining operations. None of the goodwill recognized is expected to be deductible for tax purposes. The Company has not completed its final assessment of the fair values of StreetLight's assets acquired and liabilities assumed. The final purchase price allocation could result in adjustments to certain assets and liabilities, including the residual amount allocated to goodwill. Since the initial preliminary estimates reported in the second quarter of fiscal 2022, the Company has updated certain amounts reflected in the preliminary purchase price allocation, as summarized in the fair values of StreetLight's assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the acquisition date set forth above, the majority of which related to reclassifications between goodwill and intangibles and for deferred taxes.
Identifiable intangibles are technology, data and customer relationships, contracts and backlog and have estimated lives of 5, 4 and 9 years, respectively.
No summarized unaudited pro forma results are provided for the StreetLight acquisition due to the immateriality of this acquisition relative to the Company's consolidated financial position and results of operations.
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JACOBS SOLUTIONS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)
BlackLynx
On November 19, 2021, Jacobs acquired BlackLynx, a provider of high-performance software, to complement Jacobs' portfolio of cyber, intelligence and digital solutions. The Company paid total base consideration of approximately $235.4 million in cash to the former owners of BlackLynx. In conjunction with the acquisition, the Company also paid off BlackLynx's debt of approximately $5.3 million simultaneously with the consummation of the acquisition. The following summarizes the fair values of BlackLynx's assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the acquisition date (in millions):

Assets |
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 5.1 |
Receivables | 7.7 |
Property, equipment and improvements, net | 0.8 |
Goodwill | 195.8 |
Identifiable intangible assets | 51.1 |
Prepaid expenses and other current assets | 3.2 |
Total Assets | $ | 263.7 |
Liabilities |
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other current liabilities | $ | 19.5 |
Other long term liabilities | 8.8 |
Total Liabilities | 28.3 |
Net assets acquired | $ | 235.4 |

Goodwill recognized is attributable to a substantial assembled workforce, which does not qualify for separate recognition, as well as expected future synergies from combining operations. None of the goodwill recognized is expected to be deductible for tax purposes. The Company has completed its final assessment of the fair values of BlackLynx's assets acquired and liabilities assumed. Since the initial preliminary estimates reported in the first quarter of fiscal 2021, the Company has updated certain amounts reflected in the preliminary purchase price allocation, as summarized in the fair values of BlackLynx's assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the acquisition date set forth above, the majority of which related to reclassifications between goodwill and intangibles and for deferred taxes.
Identifiable intangibles are technology and customer relationships, contracts and backlog and have estimated lives of 8 years and 4 years, respectively.
No summarized unaudited pro forma results are provided for the BlackLynx acquisition due to the immateriality of this acquisition relative to the Company's consolidated financial position and results of operations.
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JACOBS SOLUTIONS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)
Buffalo Group
On November 24, 2020, a subsidiary of Jacobs completed the acquisition of Buffalo Group, a leader in advanced cyber and intelligence solutions which allows Jacobs to further expand its cyber and intelligence solutions offerings to government clients. The Company paid total consideration o f $190.1 million, which was comprised of approximately $182.4 million in cash to the former owners of Buffalo Group and contingent consideration of $7.7 million. The contingent consideration was subsequently recognized in fiscal 2021 as an offset to selling, general and administrative expense when it was determined no amounts would be paid. In conjunction with the acquisition, the Company assumed the Buffalo Group's debt of approximately $7.7 million. The Company repaid all of the assumed Buffalo Group debt by the end of the first fiscal quarter of 2021. The following summarizes the fair values of The Buffalo Group's assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the acquisition date (in millions):

Assets |
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 8.4 |
Receivables | 19.2 |
Property, equipment and improvements, net | 2.3 |
Goodwill | 130.7 |
Identifiable intangible assets | 74.0 |
Prepaid expenses and other current assets | 6.2 |
Total Assets | $ | 240.8 |
Liabilities |
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other current liabilities | $ | 46.9 |
Other long term liabilities | 3.8 |
Total Liabilities | 50.7 |
Net assets acquired | $ | 190.1 |

Goodwill recognized is attributable to a substantial assembled workforce, which does not qualify for separate recognition, as well as expected future synergies from combining operations. All of the goodwill recognized is expected to be deductible for tax purposes, given the acquisition was structured as an asset acquisition for tax purposes. The Company has completed its final assessment of the fair values of Buffalo Group's assets acquired and liabilities assumed. Since the initial preliminary estimates reported in the first quarter of fiscal 2021, the Company has updated certain amounts reflected in the final purchase price allocation, as summarized in the fair values of Buffalo Group's assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the acquisition date set forth above.
Identifiable intangibles are customer relationships, contracts and backlog and have estimated lives of 9 years.
No summarized unaudited pro forma results are provided for the Buffalo Group due to the immateriality of this acquisition relative to the Company's consolidated financial position and results of operations.
John Wood Group's Nuclear Business
On March 6, 2020, a subsidiary of Jacobs completed the acquisition of the nuclear consulting, remediation and program management business of John Wood Group, a U.K.-based energy services company, for an enterprise value of £246 million, or approximately $317.9 million, less cash acquired of $24.3 million, as updated for additional working capital adjustments. The John Wood Group nuclear business allows Jacobs to further expand its lifecycle nuclear services business. The following summarizes the fair values of John Wood Group's assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the acquisition date (in millions):
F-52

JACOBS SOLUTIONS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)

Assets |
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 24.3 |
Receivables | 74.2 |
Other current assets | 3.8 |
Property, equipment and improvements, net | 8.3 |
Goodwill | 207.8 |
Identifiable intangible assets | 80.0 |
Miscellaneous | 19.4 |
Total Assets | $ | 417.8 |
Liabilities |
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other current liabilities | $ | 71.4 |
Long term liabilities | 28.5 |
Total Liabilities | 99.9 |
Net assets acquired | $ | 317.9 |

Goodwill recognized is attributable to a substantial assembled workforce, which does not qualify for separate recognition, as well as expected future synergies from combining operations. None of the goodwill recognized is expected to be deductible for tax purposes. The Company has completed its final assessment of the fair values of John Wood Group's assets acquired and liabilities assumed. Since the initial preliminary estimates reported in the second quarter of fiscal 2020, the Company has updated certain amounts reflected in the final purchase price allocation, as summarized in the fair values of John Wood Group's nuclear business assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the acquisition date set forth above.
Identified intangibles include customer relationships, contracts and backlog and developed technology. The customer relationships, contracts and backlog intangible represents the fair value of existing contracts, underlying customer relationships and backlog. The customer relationships, contracts and backlog intangible and the developed technology intangible have lives of 12 and 15 years, respectively.
No summarized unaudited pro forma results are provided for the John Wood Group nuclear business due to the immateriality of this acquisition relative to the Company's consolidated financial position and results of operations.
16.Sale of Energy, Chemicals and Resources ("ECR") Business
On April 26, 2019, Jacobs completed the sale of its ECR business to Worley for a purchase price of $3.4 billion consisting of (i) $2.8 billion in cash plus (ii) 58.2 million ordinary shares of Worley, subject to adjustments for changes in working capital and certain other items (the “ECR sale”).
As a result of the ECR sale, substantially all ECR-related assets and liabilities were sold (the "Disposal Group"). We determined that the Disposal Group should be reported as discontinued operations in accordance with ASC 210-05, Discontinued Operations as the disposal represented a strategic shift that had a major effect on our operations and financial results. As such, the financial results of the ECR business are reflected in our Consolidated Statements of Earnings as discontinued operations for all periods presented.
As a result of the ECR sale, the Company recognized a pre-tax gain of $1.1 billion, $935.1 million of which was recognized in fiscal 2019, $110.2 million in fiscal 2020 and $15.6 million for the year ended October 1, 2021, respectively.
In the second quarter of fiscal 2021, the Company received final working capital settlement proceeds of $36.4 million from Worley and as such, recorded a pre-tax gain of $15.6 million. Offsetting the proceeds from the settlement to arrive at the net gain amount were previously recorded accounts receivable from Worley.
Investment in Worley Stock
F-53

JACOBS SOLUTIONS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)
As discussed above, the Company held ordinary shares of Worley that it received in connection with the ECR sale. Dividend income, realized gains and losses on sale and unrealized gains and losses on changes in fair value of Worley shares are recognized in miscellaneous income (expense), net in continuing operations prior to sale. The Company's investment in Worley was measured at fair value through net income as it is an equity investment with a readily determinable fair value based on quoted market prices and for the years ended October 1, 2021 and October 2, 2020, the Company recognized a gain of $40.7 million and a loss of $103.6 million, respectively, associated with share price and currency changes on this investment, as well as dividend income related to the equity investment in the amount of $19.1 million and $16.9 million, respectively. The Company completed the sale of all ordinary shares of Worley it held in the fourth fiscal quarter of fiscal 2021.
17.Restructuring and Other Charges
During fiscal 2022, the Company implemented certain restructuring and integration initiatives relating to the StreetLight and BlackLynx acquisitions, the activities of which are expected to be substantially completed before the end of fiscal 2023. Also, during fiscal 2022, the Company implemented further real estate rescaling efforts that were associated with its fiscal 2020 transformation program relating to real estate and other staffing initiatives. These initiatives are expected to continue into fiscal 2023.
During fiscal 2021, the Company implemented certain restructuring and integration initiatives relating to the Buffalo Group acquisition and the PA Consulting investment. The activities of the Buffalo Group initiative are substantially completed and the activities of the PA Consulting investment are expected to end before the end of fiscal 2025.
Additionally, the Company recorded impairment charges on its investment in AWE ML during fiscal 2021. See related discussion in Note 8- Joint ventures, VIEs and other investments.
During fiscal 2019 and continuing into fiscal 2020, the Company implemented certain restructuring and separation initiatives associated with the ECR sale, the KeyW acquisition, and other related cost reduction initiatives. Additionally, in fiscal 2020, the Company implemented certain restructuring and separation initiatives associated with the acquisition of John Wood Group's nuclear business. The restructuring activities and related costs were comprised mainly of separation and lease abandonment and sublease programs, while the separation activities and costs were mainly related to the engagement of consulting services and internal personnel and other related costs dedicated to the Company’s ECR-business separation. The activities of these initiatives have been substantially completed.
As part of the Company's acquisition of CH2M Hill Companies, Ltd. ("CH2M") during fiscal 2018, the Company implemented certain restructuring plans that were comprised mainly of severance and lease abandonment programs as well as integration activities involving the engagement of professional services and internal personnel dedicated to the Company's integration management efforts. The activities of these initiatives have been substantially completed.
Collectively, the above-mentioned restructuring activities are referred to as “Restructuring and other charges”.
F-54

JACOBS SOLUTIONS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)
The following table summarizes the impacts of the Restructuring and other charges by operating segment in connection with the CH2M, KeyW, John Wood Group nuclear business and Buffalo Group, BlackLynx and StreetLight acquisitions and the PA Consulting investment, the ECR sale, the Company's transformation initiatives relating to real estate and other staffing programs and the impairment and final exit activities of the AWE ML investment for the years ended September 30, 2022, October 1, 2021 and October 2, 2020 (in thousands):

| September 30, 2022 |  | October 1, 2021 |  | October 2, 2020
Critical Mission Solutions | $ | 5,626 |  |  | $ | 5,079 |  |  | $ | 24,083 |
People & Places Solutions | 64,204 |  |  | 7,077 |  |  | 170,631 |
PA Consulting | 4,253 |  |  | 15,566 |  |  | — |
Corporate | 86,980 |  |  | 71,868 |  |  | 129,469 |
Total | 161,063 |  |  | 99,590 |  |  | 324,183 |
Amounts included in: |  |  |  |  |
Operating profit (mainly Selling, General and Administrative costs (“SG&A") (1) | 173,555 |  |  | 61,042 |  |  | 322,082 |
Other (Income) Expense, net (2) | (12,492) |  |  | 38,548 |  |  | 2,101 |
| $ | 161,063 |  |  | $ | 99,590 |  |  | $ | 324,183 |

(1)For the year ended September 30, 2022, amounts include $91.3 million pre-tax related to the final settlement of the Legacy CH2M Matter (as defined in Note 19 - Contractual Guarantees, Litigation, Investigations and Insurance), net of previously recorded reserves, approximately $27 million in third party recoveries was recorded as receivables reducing SG&A and approximately $78.3 million in charges associated with real estate related impairments, the majority of which related to People and Places Solutions. Included in the years ended October 1, 2021 and October 2, 2020 were $2.4 million and $161.4 million in charges associated mainly with real estate impairments.
(2)The year ended September 30, 2022 includes gains of $(8.7) million related to lease terminations. The year ended October 1, 2021 included $38.5 million in charges related to the impairment of our AWE ML investment. See Note 20- Segment Information.
The activity in the Company’s accrual for the Restructuring and other charges including the program activities described above for the year ended September 30, 2022 is as follows (in thousands):

Balance at October 1, 2021 | $ | 14,031 |
Net Charges (1) | 25,824 |
Payments & Usage | (35,718) |
Balance at September 30, 2022 | $ | 4,137 |

(1) Exclude s $135.3 million in other net charges mainly comprised of $91.3 million pre-tax in charges and payments for the final settlement of the Legacy CH2M Matter (net of previously recorded reserves), approximately $27 million in third party recoveries was recorded as receivables reducing SG&A and $71.0 million associated mainly with real estate related impairments and other transformation activities described above during the year ended September 30, 2022.
The following table summarizes the Restructuring and other charges by major type of costs for the years ended September 30, 2022, October 1, 2021 and October 2, 2020 (in thousands):

| September 30, 2022 |  | October 1, 2021 |  | October 2, 2020
Lease Abandonments and Impairments (1) | $ | 69,802 |  |  | $ | 4,282 |  |  | $ | 151,150 |
Voluntary and Involuntary Terminations | 5,635 |  |  | 15,773 |  |  | 53,484 |
Outside Services | 22,340 |  |  | 35,210 |  |  | 88,476 |
Other (2) | 63,286 |  |  | 44,325 |  |  | 31,073 |
Total | $ | 161,063 |  |  | $ | 99,590 |  |  | $ | 324,183 |

(1)The years ended September 30, 2022 and October 2, 2020 include approximately $78.3 million and $161.4 million, respectively, in charges associated with real estate related impairments reflected in Lease Abandonments and Impairments, offset by the gain of $(8.7) million related to lease terminations for the year ended September 30, 2022.
(2)Amounts in the year ended September 30, 2022 are mainly comprised of $91.3 million in other charges related to the final pre-tax settlement of the Legacy CH2M Matter, net of previously recorded reserves and approximately $27 million in third party recoveries was recorded as receivables reducing SG&A. Amounts in the year ended October 1, 2021 are mainly comprised of $38.5 million in charges related to the impairment of our AWE Management Ltd. investment.
F-55

JACOBS SOLUTIONS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)
Cumulative amounts since 2017 incurred to date under our various restructuring and other activities described above by each major type of cost as of September 30, 2022 are as follows (in thousands):

Lease Abandonments and Impairments | $ | 387,601 |
Voluntary and Involuntary Terminations | 150,377 |
Outside Services | 316,334 |
Other | 208,265 |
Total | $ | 1,062,577 |

18.Commitments and Contingencies and Derivative Financial Instruments
Derivative Financial Instruments
The Company is exposed to interest rate risk under its variable rate borrowings and additionally, due to the nature of the Compan y's international operations, we are at times exposed to foreign currency risk. As such, we sometimes enter into foreign exchange contracts and interest rate contracts in order to limit our exposure to fluctuating foreign currencies and interest rates.
During fiscal 2022 we entered into two treasury lock agreements with a total notional value of $500.0 million as of September 30, 2022 to manage our interest rate exposure to the anticipated issuance of fixed rate debt before December 2023. The two instruments locked in a fixed interest rate of 2.769% for the first $250 million of fixed rate debt to be issued and 2.672% for the remaining amount to be issued. The fair value of the treasury locks at September 30, 2022 was $40.9 million all of which is included in current assets within receivables and contract assets on the consolidated balance sheet. The unrealized net gain (loss) on these locks was $30.8 million, net of tax, and is included in accumulated other comprehensive income as of September 30, 2022. Upon issuance of the fixed rate debt, the gain (loss) will be amortized to interest expense over the term of the debt.
In fiscal 2020 we entered into interest rate swap agreements with a notional va lue of $748.4 million as of September 30, 2022 to manage the interest rate exposure on our variable rate loans. Additionally, we entered into a cross-currency swap agreement with a notional value of $127.8 million to manage the interest rate and foreign currency exposure on our USD borrowings by a European subsidiary. By entering into the swap agreements, the Company converted the LIBOR and SONIA rate based liabilities into fixed rate liabilities and, for the cross currency swap, our LIBOR rate based borrowing in USD to a fixed rate Euro liability, for periods ranging from three and a half to ten years. For U.S. dollar denominated interest rate swap agreements, the Company receives the one month LIBOR rate and pays monthly a fixed rate ranging from 0.704% to 1.116%. For interest rate swap agreements denominated in British pounds, the Company receives a one month adjusted SONIA rate and pays a monthly fixed rate of 0.820%. Under the cross currency swap agreement, the Company receives the one month LIBOR rate plus 0.875% in USD and pays monthly a Euro fixed rate of 0.726% to 0.746% for the term of the swaps. The swaps were designated as cash-flow hedges in accordance with ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging. See Note 2 - Significant Accounting Policies for additional discussion related to the application of SONIA to existing hedge contracts. The fair value of the interest rate and cross currency swaps at September 30, 2022 was $128.2 million, which is included in miscellaneous other assets on the consolidated balance sheet. The fair value of the interest rate and cross currency swaps at October 1, 2021 was $(0.8) million, of which, $(11.0) million is included in other deferred liabilities and $10.2 million is included in miscellaneous other assets on the consolidated balance sheet. The unrealized net gain on these interest rate and cross currency swaps was $87.5 million and $7.4 million, net of tax, and was included in accumulated other comprehensive income as of September 30, 2022 and October 1, 2021, respectively.
Additionally, at September 30, 2022 and October 1, 2021, the Company held foreign exchange forward contracts in currencies that support our operations, including British Pound, Euro, Australian Dollar and other currencies, with notional values of $298.2 million and $506.5 million at September 30, 2022 and October 1, 2021, respectively. The length of these contracts currently ranges from one to sixteen months. The fair value of the foreign exchange contracts at September 30, 2022 and October 1, 2021 was $(3.2) million and $55.5 million, respectively, of which $(6.3) million is included within accounts payable, $2.8 million is included within miscellaneous other assets and $0.3 million included within current assets on the consolidated balance sheet as of September 30, 2022 with the entire $55.5 million as of October 1, 2021 held in current assets within receivables and contract assets on the consolidated balance sheet. With associated income statement impacts included in miscellaneous income (expense) in the consolidated statements of earnings for both comparative periods. During fiscal 2022, the Company settled $66.7 million in cash related to certain
F-56

JACOBS SOLUTIONS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)
Australian Dollar foreign exchange forward contracts and subsequently entered into a new Australian Dollar instrument with an equal notional value which was ultimately settled later in fiscal 2022.
The fair value measurements of these derivatives are being made using Level 2 inputs under ASC 820, Fair Value Measurement, as the measurements are based on observable inputs other than quoted prices in active markets. We are exposed to risk from credit-related losses resulting from nonperformance by counterparties to our financial instruments. We perform credit evaluations of our counterparties under forward exchange and interest rate contracts and expect all counterparties to meet their obligations. We have not experienced credit losses from our counterparties.
Letters of Credit
At September 30, 2022, the Company had issued and outstanding approximately $280.5 million in LOCs and $2.2 billion in surety bonds. Of the outstanding LOC amount, $1.3 million has been issued under the Revolving Credit Facility and $279.2 million are issued under separate, committed and uncommitted letter-of-credit facilities.
19.Contractual Guarantees, Litigation, Investigations and Insurance
In the normal course of business, we make contractual commitments (some of which are supported by separate guarantees) and on occasion we are a party in a litigation or arbitration proceeding. The litigation or arbitration in which we are involved primarily includes personal injury claims, professional liability claims and breach of contract claims. Where we provide a separate guarantee, it is strictly in support of the underlying contractual commitment. Guarantees take various forms including surety bonds required by law, or standby letters of credit ("LOC" and also referred to as “bank guarantees”) or corporate guarantees given to induce a party to enter into a contract with a subsidiary. Standby LOCs are also used as security for advance payments or in various other transactions. The guarantees have various expiration dates ranging from an arbitrary date to completion of our work (e.g., engineering only) to completion of the overall project. See Note 18- Commitments and Contingencies and Derivative Financial Instruments for more information surrounding LOCs and surety bonds.
We maintain insurance coverage for most insurable aspects of our business and operations. Our insurance programs have varying coverage limits depending upon the type of insurance, and include certain conditions and exclusions which insurance companies may raise in response to any claim that is asserted by or against the Company. We have also elected to retain a portion of certain losses, claims and liabilities that occur through the use of various deductibles, limits, and retentions under our insurance programs and utilize a number of internal financing mechanisms for these self insurance arrangements including the operation of certain captive insurance entities. As a result, we may be subject to a future liability for which we are only partially insured or completely uninsured. We intend to mitigate any such future liability by continuing to exercise prudent business judgment in negotiating the terms and conditions of the contracts which the Company enters with its clients. Our insurers are also subject to business risk and, as a result, one or more of them may be unable to fulfill their insurance obligations due to insolvency or otherwise.
Additionally, as a contractor providing services to the U.S. federal government we are subject to many types of audits, investigations and claims by, or on behalf of, the government including with respect to contract performance, pricing, cost allocations, procurement practices, labor practices and socioeconomic obligations. Furthermore, our income, franchise and similar tax returns and filings are also subject to audit and investigation by the Internal Revenue Service, most states within the United States, as well as by various government agencies representing jurisdictions outside the United States.
Our Consolidated Balance Sheets include amounts representing our probable estimated liability relating to such claims, guarantees, litigation, audits and investigations. We perform an analysis to determine the level of reserves to establish for insurance-related claims that are known and have been asserted against us, as well as for insurance-related claims that are believed to have been incurred based on actuarial analysis, but have not yet been reported to our claims administrators as of the respective balance sheet dates. We include any adjustments to such insurance reserves in our consolidated results of operations. Insurance recoveries are recorded as assets if recovery is probable and estimated liabilities are not reduced by expected insurance recoveries.
The Company believes, after consultation with counsel, that such guarantees, litigation, U.S. government contract-related audits, investigations and claims and income tax audits and investigations should not have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial statements, beyond amounts currently accrued.
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JACOBS SOLUTIONS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)
In 2012, CH2M HILL Australia PTY Limited, a subsidiary of CH2M, entered into a 50/50 integrated joint venture with Australian construction contractor UGL Infrastructure Pty Limited. The joint venture entered into a Consortium Agreement with General Electric and GE Electrical International Inc. The Consortium was awarded a subcontract by JKC Australia LNG Pty Limited ("JKC") for the engineering, procurement, construction and commissioning of a 360 MW Combined Cycle Power Plant for INPEX Operations Australia Pty Limited at Blaydin Point, Darwin, NT, Australia (the "Legacy CH2M Matter"). The subcontract was terminated in January 2017. In or around August 2017, the Consortium commenced an arbitration. On April 12, 2022, JKC and the Consortium entered into a confidential deed of settlement (“Settlement Agreement”). Under the terms of the Settlement Agreement, CH2M, as guarantor of CH2M Australia PTY Limited’s obligations with respect to the subcontract with JKC, made a cash payment to JKC in April 2022 of AUD640 million (or approximately $475 million using mid-April 2022 exchange rates). As a result of the settlement agreement, additional pre-tax charges of $91.3 million were recorded during the year ended September 30, 2022 for this matter (over amounts previously reserved and reported in long-term Other Deferred Liabilities in the Company's Consolidated Balance Sheet). The Settlement Agreement provided for a release of claims between JKC and each member of the Consortium, and in connection with this agreement the members of the Consortium also waived all claims against each other and their respective parent guarantors relating to the project.
On December 22, 2008, a coal fly ash pond at the Kingston Power Plant of the Tennessee Valley Authority ("TVA") was breached, releasing fly ash waste into the Emory River and surrounding community. In February 2009, TVA awarded a contract to the Company to provide project management services associated with the clean-up. All remediation and dredging were completed in August 2013 by other contractors under direct contracts with TVA. The Company did not perform the remediation, and its scope was limited to program management services. Certain employees of the contractors performing the cleanup work on the project filed lawsuits against the Company beginning in August 2013, alleging they were injured due to the Company's failure to protect the plaintiffs from exposure to fly ash, and asserting related personal injuries. The primary case, Greg Adkisson, et al. v. Jacobs Engineering Group Inc., case No. 3:13-CV-505-TAV-HBG, filed in the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Tennessee, consists of 10 consolidated cases. This case and the related cases involve several hundred plaintiffs that were employees of the contractors that completed the remediation and dredging work. The cases are at various stages of litigation, and several of the cases are currently stayed pending resolution of other cases and/or appeal. Additionally, in May 2019, Roane County and the cities of Kingston and Harriman filed a lawsuit against TVA and the Company alleging that they misled the public about risks associated with the released fly ash. In October 2020, the Court granted Jacobs and TVA’s motion to dismiss the Roane County litigation and closed the case. In addition, in November 2019, a resident of Roane County, Margie Delozier, filed a putative class action against TVA and the Company alleging they failed to adequately warn local residents about risks associated with the released fly ash. The Company and TVA filed separate motions to dismiss the Delozier case in April 2020. In February 2021, the Court granted dismissal of the Delozier Complaint with prejudice, with the exception of plaintiffs’ nuisance cause of action, which plaintiffs voluntarily dismissed in June 2021. In August 2021, Thomas Ryan, a resident of Roane County, filed an action against Jacobs and TVA claiming personal injury and property damage. In June 2022, the Court granted Jacobs' motion to dismiss Ryan’s action in its entirety, closing the case. Separately, in February 2020, the Company learned that the district attorney in Roane County recommended that the Tennessee Bureau of Investigation investigate issues pertaining to clean up worker safety at Kingston. On November 16, 2021, the Roane County district attorney announced that it had concluded its investigation into issues pertaining to the Kingston coal ash spill cleanup. No indictments were issued. There has been no finding of liability against the Company or that any of the alleged illnesses are the result of exposure to fly ash in any of the above matters. The Company disputes the allegations asserted in all of the above matters and is vigorously defending these matters. The Company does not expect the resolution of these matters to have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.
On October 31, 2019, the Company received a request from the Enforcement Division of the Securities and Exchange Commission ("the SEC") for the production of certain information and documents. The information and documents sought by the SEC primarily relate to the operations of a joint venture in Morocco which was at one time partially-owned by the Company (and subsequently divested), including in respect of possible corrupt practices. In July 2022, the Company received a confirmatory letter from the SEC staff stating that its investigation of this matter had been terminated and that the staff does not intend to recommend an enforcement action against the Company.
During fourth quarter of fiscal 2022, the Company recorded a receivable for certain expected third-party recoveries equal to approximately $27 million before tax. The Company expects the payment to be received by the second quarter of fiscal year 2023.
20.Segment Information
The Company's three operating segments are comprised of its two global lines of business ("LOBs"): Critical Mission Solutions ("CMS") and People & Places Solutions ("P&PS") and its majority investment in PA Consulting. For further information on the PA Consulting investment, refer to Note 14- PA Consulting Business Combination.
F-58

JACOBS SOLUTIONS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)
The Company’s Chair and Chief Executive Officer is the Chief Operating Decision Maker (“CODM”) and can evaluate the performance of each of these segments and make appropriate resource allocations among each of the segments. For purposes of the Company’s goodwill impairment testing, it has been determined that the Company’s operating segments are also its reporting units based on management’s conclusion that the components comprising each of its operating segments share similar economic characteristics and meet the aggregation criteria for reporting units in accordance with ASC 350, Intangibles-Goodwill and Other.
Under this organization, the sales function is managed by LOB and PA Consulting, and accordingly, the associated cost is embedded in the segments and reported to the respective head of each segment. In addition, a portion of the costs of other support functions (e.g., finance, legal, human resources, and information technology) is allocated to each LOB using methodologies which, we believe, effectively attribute the cost of these support functions to the revenue generating activities of the Company on a rational basis. The cost of the Company’s cash incentive plan, the Leadership Performance Plan ("LPP"), formerly named the Management Incentive Plan, and the expense associated with the Jacobs Engineering Group Inc. 1999 Stock Incentive Plan (“1999 SIP”) have likewise been charged to the LOBs except for those amounts determined to relate to the business as a whole (which amounts remain in other corporate expenses).
Financial information for each segment is reviewed by the CODM to assess performance and make decisions regarding the allocation of resources. The Company generally does not track assets by LOB, nor does it provide such information to the CODM.
The CODM evaluates the operating performance of our operating segments using segment operating profit, which is defined as consolidated operating profit less “corporate charges” (e.g., the allocated amounts described above). The Company incurs certain SG&A that relate to its business as a whole which are not allocated to the segments.
In the first quarter of fiscal 2023, the Company will begin reporting an operating segment, Divergent Solutions (DVS), in addition to the current operating segments.
The following tables present total revenues and segment operating profit from continuing operations for each reportable segment (in thousands) and includes a reconciliation of segment operating profit to total U.S. GAAP operating profit by including certain corporate-level expenses, Restructuring and other charges (as defined in Note 17-Restructuring and Other Charges) and transaction and integration costs (in thousands).

| For the Years Ended
| September 30, 2022 |  | October 1, 2021 |  | October 2, 2020
Revenues from External Customers: |  |  |  |  |
Critical Mission Solutions | $ | 5,233,629 |  |  | $ | 5,087,052 |  |  | $ | 4,965,952 |
People & Places Solutions | 8,569,900 |  |  | 8,378,179 |  |  | 8,601,023 |
PA Consulting | 1,119,296 |  |  | 627,401 |  |  | — |
Total | $ | 14,922,825 |  |  | $ | 14,092,632 |  |  | $ | 13,566,975 |

| For the Years Ended
| September 30, 2022 |  | October 1, 2021 |  | October 2, 2020
Segment Operating Profit: |  |  |  |  |
Critical Mission Solutions | $ | 424,385 |  |  | $ | 447,161 |  |  | $ | 372,070 |
People & Places Solutions (1) | 823,564 |  |  | 780,380 |  |  | 740,707 |
PA Consulting | 232,225 |  |  | 151,071 |  |  | — |
Total Segment Operating Profit | 1,480,174 |  |  | 1,378,612 |  |  | 1,112,777 |
Other Corporate Expenses (2) | (364,440) |  |  | (340,129) |  |  | (249,391) |
Restructuring, Transaction and Other Charges (3) | (197,884) |  |  | (350,394) |  |  | (327,413) |
Total U.S. GAAP Operating Profit | 917,850 |  |  | 688,089 |  |  | 535,973 |
Total Other (Expense) Income, net (4) | (41,503) |  |  | 7,513 |  |  | (94,770) |
Earnings from Continuing Operations Before Taxes | $ | 876,347 |  |  | $ | 695,602 |  |  | $ | 441,203 |

F-59

JACOBS SOLUTIONS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)

(1) | Includes $19.5 million, net, in charges related to a legal settlement for the year ended October 1, 2021.
(2) | Other corporate expenses include intangibles amortization of $198.6 million, $149.8 million and $90.6 million for the years ended September 30, 2022, October 1, 2021 and October 2, 2020, respectively, with the comparative increase mainly attributable to higher amortization from the PA Consulting investment.
(3) | Included in the year ended September 30, 2022 is $91.3 million pre-tax re lated to the final settlement of the Legacy CH2M Matter, net of previously recorded reserve s, approximately $27 million in third party recoveries was recorded as receivables reducing SG&A and $78.3 million of r eal estate impairment charges. Included in the year ended October 1, 2021 is $297.8 million of costs incurred in connection with the investment in PA Consulting, in part classified as compensation costs. Included in the years ended October 1, 2021 and October 2, 2020 were $2.4 million and $161.4 million in charges associated mainly with real estate impairments.
(4) | The year ended September 30, 2022 included a $13.9 million gain related to a cost method investment sold during the period and a gain of $8.7 million related to lease terminations. The years ended October 1, 2021 and October 2, 2020 include $34.7 million and $(74.3) million in fair value adjustments related to our investment in Worley stock (net of Worley stock div idends) and certain foreign currency r evaluations relating to ECR sale proceeds, respectively. The year ended October 1, 2021 includes $(38.5) million related to impairment of our AWE Management Ltd. investment and $49.6 million in fair value adjustments related to our investment in C3 stock. The investments in Worley and C3 were sold in fiscal 2021 and therefore there are no comparable amounts in the current fiscal year. Additionally, the increase in net interest expense year over year is primarily due to the higher levels of debt outstanding due to the funding of the StreetLight and BlackLynx acquisitions and increased borrowings associated with the payment of the Legacy CH2M Matter settlement in the current year, in addition to higher interest rates.

Included in other corporate expenses in the above table are costs and expenses which relate to general corporate activities as well as corporate-managed benefit and insurance programs. Such costs and expenses include: (i) those elements of SG&A expenses relating to the business as a whole; (ii) those elements of our incentive compensation plans relating to corporate personnel whose other compensation costs are not allocated to the LOBs; (iii) the amortization of intangible assets acquired as part of business combinations; (iv) the quarterly variances between the Company’s actual costs of certain of its self-insured integrated risk and employee benefit programs and amounts charged to the LOBs; and (v) certain adjustments relating to costs associated with the Company’s international defined benefit pension plans. In addition, other corporate expenses may also include from time to time certain adjustments to contract margins (both positive and negative) associated with projects, as well as other items, where it has been determined that such adjustments are not indicative of the performance of the related LOB.
F-60

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
To the Stockholders and the Board of Directors of Jacobs Solutions Inc.
Opinion on the Financial Statements
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Jacobs Solutions Inc. and subsidiaries (the Company) as of September 30, 2022 and October 1, 2021, the related consolidated statements of earnings, comprehensive income, stockholders' equity and cash flows for each of the three fiscal years in the period ended September 30, 2022, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the “consolidated financial statements”). In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company at September 30, 2022 and October 1, 2021, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three fiscal years in the period ended September 30, 2022, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the Company's internal control over financial reporting as of September 30, 2022, based on criteria established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (2013 framework), and our report dated November 21, 2022 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.
Basis for Opinion
These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
Critical Audit Matters
The critical audit matters communicated below are matters arising from the current period audit of the financial statements that were communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that: (1) relate to accounts or disclosures that are material to the financial statements and (2) involved our especially challenging, subjective or complex judgments. The communication of critical audit matters does not alter in any way our opinion on the consolidated financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matters below, providing separate opinions on the critical audit matters or on the accounts or disclosures to which they relate.
F-61

|  | Revenue Recognition for Certain Fixed-Price Engineering, Procurement and Construction Contracts
Description of the Matter |  | As described in Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company recognizes engineering, procurement and construction contract revenue over time, as performance obligations are satisfied, using the percentage-of-completion method (an input method) based primarily on contract costs incurred to date compared to total estimated contract costs. Revenue recognition under this method is judgmental, as it requires the Company to prepare estimates of total contract revenue and total contract costs, including costs to complete in-process contracts. Auditing the Company’s estimates of total contract revenue and costs used to recognize revenue on certain fixed-price engineering, procurement and construction contracts which are larger in size involved significant auditor judgment, as it required the evaluation of subjective factors, such as assumptions related to estimated labor, material and subcontractor costs. These assumptions involved significant management judgment, which affects the measurement of revenue recognized by the Company.
How We Addressed the Matter in Our Audit |  | We tested certain of the Company’s controls over the estimation process that affect revenue recognized on fixed-price engineering, procurement and construction contracts. For example, we tested controls over management’s monitoring and review of project cost estimates, including the Company’s procedures to validate the completeness and accuracy of the data used to determine the estimates. To test the Company’s contract estimates related to revenues recognized on fixed-price engineering, procurement, and construction projects, our audit procedures included selecting a sample of projects and, among other procedures, we obtained and inspected related contract agreements, amendments, and change orders to test the existence of customer arrangements and understand the scope and pricing of the related projects; observed selected project team status meetings at the Company and interviewed project team personnel to obtain an understanding of the status of operational performance and progress on the related projects; evaluated the reasonableness of the Company’s estimated costs to complete by obtaining and analyzing supporting documentation for a sample of cost estimate components; and compared contract profitability estimates in the current year to historical estimates and actual performance for the same projects.
|  | Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests
Description of the Matter |  | As of September 30, 2022, the balance of redeemable noncontrolling interest relating to the Company’s PA Consulting subsidiary was $632.5 million. As discussed in Note 2 of the consolidated financial statements, the redeemable noncontrolling interests are subject to remeasurement as of the balance sheet date based on the greater of the redemption value or the historical value resulting from the original acquisition date fair value plus the impact of any earnings or loss attribution amounts, including dividends. The redemption value is based on the fair value of PA Consulting, which is determined using a combination of a discounted cash flow analysis based upon projected financial information and a multiple of earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization. Auditing the Company’s redeemable noncontrolling interest balance requires significant judgment, as the valuation of the redemption value includes subjective estimates and assumptions. In particular, the discounted cash flow analysis used in determining the redemption value is sensitive to significant assumptions such as projections of revenue and earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization. These assumptions are forward looking and could be affected by future economic conditions.

F-62

How We Addressed the Matter in Our Audit |  | We obtained an understanding, evaluated the design, and tested the operating effectiveness of controls over the Company’s determination of the redemption value, including controls over management’s review of the significant assumptions described above. To test the redemption value, our audit procedures included, among others, evaluating the Company's valuation methodologies, performing recalculations of the model, and testing the significant assumptions described above and the underlying data used by the Company. We compared the significant assumptions used by management to current industry trends and historical performance. We performed sensitivity analyses of significant assumptions to evaluate the change in the redemption value resulting from changes in the significant assumptions. We also involved our valuation specialists to assist in evaluating the valuation methodologies and certain assumptions used by the Company.

/s/ Ernst and Young LLP
We have served as the Company's auditor since 1987.
Dallas, Texas
November 21, 2022
F-63

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the Stockholders and the Board of Directors of Jacobs Solutions Inc.
Opinion on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
We have audited Jacobs Solutions Inc. and subsidiaries’ internal control over financial reporting as of September 30, 2022, based on criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (2013 framework) (the COSO criteria). In our opinion, Jacobs Solutions Inc. and subsidiaries (the Company) maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of September 30, 2022, based on the COSO criteria.
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the consolidated balance sheets of the Company as of September 30, 2022 and October 1, 2021, the related consolidated statements of earnings, comprehensive income, stockholders’ equity and cash flows for each of the three fiscal years in the period ended September 30, 2022, and the related notes and our report dated November 21, 2022 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.
Basis for Opinion
The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting included in the accompanying Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects.
Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
Definition and Limitations of Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
/s/ Ernst & Young LLP
Dallas, Texas
November 21, 2022
F-64