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Stock-based Compensation and Other Stock Plans (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]  
Summary of Weighted-Average Assumptions of Fair Value Granted Using Black-Scholes Valuation Model, Stock Options
The following weighted-average assumptions were used in calculating the fair value of stock options granted during 2022, 2021 and 2020, using the Black-Scholes valuation model: 
202220212020
Expected term of option (in years)
5.145.335.53
Expected volatility factor22.61%21.80%21.67%
Expected dividend yield2.68%2.59%2.78%
Risk-free interest rate2.00%0.67%1.50%
Summary of Stock Option Activity
A summary of stock option activity during 2022 is presented below: 
Shares (in thousands)
Exercise
 Price per 
Share*
Remaining Contractual   
Term*
(in years)
Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value
(in millions)
Outstanding at beginning of year2,432 $151.32 
Granted289 211.41 
Exercised(350)119.84 
Forfeited or expired(22)186.16 
Outstanding at end of year2,349 163.07 5.5$153.7 
Exercisable at end of year1,722 152.58 4.4130.7 
* Weighted-average
Summary of Changes in Non-Vested PSUs
Changes to the company’s non-vested PSUs in 2022 are as follows:
Shares
(in thousands)
Fair Value
Price per
Share*
Non-vested PSUs at beginning of year183 $178.60 
Granted62 211.67 
Performance assumption change **21 185.41 
Vested(62)155.34 
Cancellations and other(5)190.55 
Non-vested PSUs at end of year199 196.51 
* Weighted-average
** Reflects the number of PSUs above target levels based on performance metrics.
Summary of Changes in Nonvested RSUs Activity
Changes to the company’s non-vested RSUs in 2022 are as follows:
Shares
(in thousands)
Fair Value
Price per
Share*
Non-vested RSUs at beginning of year32 $189.89 
Granted28 211.67 
Vested(1)189.89 
Cancellations and other(1)198.29 
Non-vested RSUs at end of year58 200.16 
* Weighted-average
Summary of Weighted-Average Assumptions of Fair Value Granted Using Black-Scholes Valuation Model, SAR's
The following weighted-average assumptions were used in calculating the fair value of stock-settled SARs granted during 2022, 2021 and 2020, using the Black-Scholes valuation model:
202220212020
Expected term of stock-settled SARs (in years)
4.023.943.75
Expected volatility factor23.09%22.50%22.50%
Expected dividend yield2.68%2.59%2.78%
Risk-free interest rate1.96%0.19%1.42%
The following weighted-average assumptions were used in calculating the fair value of cash-settled SARs granted during 2022, 2021 and 2020, using the Black-Scholes valuation model:
202220212020
Expected term of cash-settled SARs (in years)
3.103.093.00
Expected volatility factor23.67%22.49%34.58%
Expected dividend yield2.84%2.64%2.87%
Risk-free interest rate4.22%0.97%0.17%
Summary of Changes in SARs
Changes to the company’s stock-settled SARs in 2022 are as follows:
Stock-settled
SARs (in thousands)
Exercise
 Price per 
Share*
Remaining Contractual   
Term*
(in years)
Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value
(in millions)
Outstanding at beginning of year397 $160.09 
Granted75 211.67 
Exercised(23)149.46 
Forfeited or expired(64)163.93 
Outstanding at end of year385 170.11 6.3$22.5 
Exercisable at end of year238 155.31 5.017.4 
* Weighted-average
Changes to the company’s non-vested cash-settled SARs in 2022 are as follows:
Cash-settled
SARs
(in thousands)
Fair Value
 Price per 
Share*
Non-vested cash-settled SARs at beginning of year$47.13 
Granted45.62 
Vested(1)67.80 
Non-vested cash-settled SARs at end of year53.24 
* Weighted-average