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Organization and Nature of Operations | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2025
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract] |
Organization and Nature of Operations | 1. Organization and Nature of Operations AST SpaceMobile, Inc., collectively with its subsidiaries (“SpaceMobile” or the “Company”) is currently designing, developing and manufacturing the constellation of BlueBird (“BB”) satellites and has begun launching its planned space-based Cellular Broadband network distributed through a constellation of low Earth orbit (“LEO”) satellites. Once deployed and operational, the BB satellites are designed to provide connectivity directly to off-the-shelf and unmodified devices at broadband speeds (the “SpaceMobile Service”), and be accessible for other applications for government use. At that point, the Company intends to offer the SpaceMobile Service to cellular subscribers and others through wholesale commercial agreements with cellular service providers. The Company also intends to leverage its patented technology, including large phased array and high power capability of its BB satellites, for a variety of applications in the government sector. The Company is headquartered in Texas where it operates satellite assembly, integrating and testing (“AIT”) facilities. The Company also has engineering and development centers elsewhere in the United States, India and Scotland, and engineering, development and production centers in Spain and Israel. The Company’s global footprint was approximately 450,000 square feet as of December 31, 2025. The Company’s intellectual property (“IP”) portfolio is diverse, containing numerous and various innovations of the direct-to-cell satellite ecosystem from space to Earth. The Company’s IP portfolio consists of 38 patent families worldwide. As of December 31, 2025, the Company has appr oximately 3,850 patent and patent pending claims worldwide, of which approximately 1,900 have been officially granted or allowed. The Company launched its BlueWalker 3 (“BW3”) test satellite on September 10, 2022, and announced the completion of the deployment of the communication phased array antenna of the BW3 test satellite in orbit on November 14, 2022. Using the BW3 test satellite, the Company successfully completed two-way 5G voice calls directly to standard unmodified smartphones, achieved repeated successful download speeds of above 21 megabits per second (“Mbps”) to standard unmodified smartphones and spectral efficiency of approximately 3 bits per second per hertz. The Company has also successfully completed initial in-orbit and ground testing for non-communication government applications. The Company intends to continue testing capabilities of the BW3 test satellite, including further testing with cellular service providers and the government. The Company launched five first generation commercial BB satellites (“Block 1 BB satellites”) on September 12, 2024. The Block 1 BB satellites are of similar size and weight to the BW3 test satellite and have ten times higher throughput than the BW3 test satellite. In October 2024, the Company completed the deployment of the phased array antennas and Q/V antennas in orbit and performed a series of monitoring tests and activities to confirm the successful initial operations of the Block 1 BB satellites. In January 2025, the Company successfully made the first SpaceMobile video call from space with Vodafone using standard unmodified 4G/5G smartphones. In February 2025, the Company completed the voice and video calls tests on standard unmodified smartphones with AT&T and Verizon in the U.S. and also completed the tests for non-communication applications for the United States government. All five Block 1 BB satellites have participated in the tests at various stages. In April 2025, together with Rakuten Mobile, Inc., the Company successfully conducted a two-way broadband video call in front of a live audience using unmodified smartphones on the SpaceMobile network enabled by a Block 1 BB satellite in orbit today. On July 21, 2025, the Company and AT&T made the first-ever Voice over LTE (“VoLTE”) call and short message service over satellite using AT&T’s spectrum and core network with a standard unmodified cell phone. On October 2, 2025, together with Bell Canada, the Company achieved Canada’s first-ever space-based 4G VoLTE voice call, broadband data connection, and video streaming using everyday smartphones. The Company has deployed and released many fixed cells over the continental U.S. to its Mobile Network Operators (“MNOs”) and Original Equipment Manufacturer partners as the reference cells for routing testing. The Company continues to test the spectrum quality of those fixed cells and have received approval to activate fixed cells from an MNO. The Company expects to continue testing for SpaceMobile Service automation including beta testing prior to rollout of initial noncontinuous SpaceMobile Service in select markets including the United States, Europe, and Japan. The Company launched the first (“BB6”) of its next generation commercial BB satellites (“Block 2 BB satellites”) on December 23, 2025. The Block 2 BB satellites feature an up to approximately 2,400 square feet phased array, the largest phased array ever deployed in a LEO for commercial use, which is more than three times larger than the phased array of the Block 1 BB satellites and designed to deliver up to 10 times the bandwidth capacity of the Block 1 BB satellites. On February 10, 2026, the Company successfully deployed BB6, the largest phased array deployed commercially in LEO. The performance of BB6 is driven by several breakthroughs in space-based architecture. The large antenna array allows the satellite to transmit and receive signals from standard handheld devices. Further, the large aperture enables highly precise beamforming, creating narrower, more focused coverage areas. This precision minimizes interference, maximizes network capacity and provides a consistent high-quality user experience for Cellular Broadband services, including voice, data and video. The Company is organized in an “Up-C” structure in which the business is operated by AST & Science, LLC (“AST LLC”) and its subsidiaries and in which the Company's only direct assets consist of equity interests in AST LLC. As the managing member of AST LLC, the Company has full discretion to manage and control the business of AST LLC and to take all action it deems necessary to accomplish the purposes of AST LLC. The Company’s Class A Common Stock is listed on the Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbol “ASTS”.

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