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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q
(Mark One)

☑ | QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2025
or

☐ | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to
Commission File Number 1-8036
WEST PHARMACEUTICAL SERVICES, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Pennsylvania |  | 23-1210010
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) |  | (I.R.S. Employer Identification Number)
530 Herman O. West Drive, Exton, PA |  | 19341-1147
(Address of principal executive offices) |  | (Zip Code)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: 610-594-2900
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class | Trading Symbol | Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, par value $0.25 per share | WST | New York Stock Exchange

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☑ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☑ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer | ☑ |  | Accelerated filer | ☐
Non-accelerated filer | ☐ |  | Smaller reporting company | ☐
|  |  | Emerging growth company | ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).
Yes ☐ No ☑
As of October 20, 2025, there were 71,943,412 shares of the registrant’s common stock outstanding.

Table of Contents
TABLE OF CONTENTS

|  | Page
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION |
ITEM 1. | FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) |
| Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income for the Three and Nine Months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 | 3
| Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the Three and N i ne Months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 | 4
| Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets at September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 | 5
| Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the N ine Months ended Sep tember 30, 2025 and 2024 | 6
| Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements | 7
ITEM 2. | MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS | 27
ITEM 3. | QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK | 39
ITEM 4. | CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES | 39
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION |
ITEM 1. | LEGAL PROCEEDINGS | 40
ITEM 1A. | RISK FACTORS | 40
ITEM 2. | UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS | 40
ITEM 5. | OTHER INFORMATION | 40
ITEM 6. | EXHIBITS | 41
SIGNATURE |  | 42

2

Table of Contents
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME (UNAUDITED)
West Pharmaceutical Services, Inc. and Subsidiaries
(in millions, except per share data)

| Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
| 2025 |  | 2024 |  | 2025 |  | 2024
Net sales | $ | 804.6 |  |  | $ | 746.9 |  |  | $ | 2,269.1 |  |  | $ | 2,144.4 |
Cost of goods and services sold | 510.3 |  |  | 482.2 |  |  | 1,469.0 |  |  | 1,419.5 |
Gross profit | 294.3 |  |  | 264.7 |  |  | 800.1 |  |  | 724.9 |
Research and development | 17.1 |  |  | 15.5 |  |  | 52.5 |  |  | 50.6 |
Selling, general and administrative expenses | 102.7 |  |  | 83.5 |  |  | 286.6 |  |  | 253.2 |
Other expense (income) (Note 14) | 6.9 |  |  | 4.4 |  |  | 32.7 |  |  | 10.8 |
Operating profit | 167.6 |  |  | 161.3 |  |  | 428.3 |  |  | 410.3 |
Interest expense, net | 0.2 |  |  | 0.7 |  |  | 0.7 |  |  | 3.8 |
Interest income | (4.7) |  |  | (4.6) |  |  | (12.4) |  |  | (14.8) |
Other nonoperating expense (income) | 0.2 |  |  | 0.7 |  |  | 0.6 |  |  | 0.7 |
Income before income taxes and equity in net income of affiliated companies | 171.9 |  |  | 164.5 |  |  | 439.4 |  |  | 420.6 |
Income tax expense | 34.0 |  |  | 32.4 |  |  | 88.3 |  |  | 70.7 |
Equity in net income of affiliated companies | (2.1) |  |  | (3.9) |  |  | (10.5) |  |  | (12.7) |
Net income | $ | 140.0 |  |  | $ | 136.0 |  |  | $ | 361.6 |  |  | $ | 362.6 |
Net income per share: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic | $ | 1.94 |  |  | $ | 1.87 |  |  | $ | 5.00 |  |  | $ | 4.96 |
Diluted | $ | 1.92 |  |  | $ | 1.85 |  |  | $ | 4.97 |  |  | $ | 4.91 |
Weighted average shares outstanding: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic | 72.2 |  |  | 72.8 |  |  | 72.3 |  |  | 73.1 |
Diluted | 72.6 |  |  | 73.4 |  |  | 72.7 |  |  | 73.8 |

See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
3

Table of Contents
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (UNAUDITED)
West Pharmaceutical Services, Inc. and Subsidiaries
(in millions)

| Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
| 2025 |  | 2024 |  | 2025 |  | 2024
Net income | $ | 140.0 |  |  | $ | 136.0 |  |  | $ | 361.6 |  |  | $ | 362.6 |
Other comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Foreign currency translation adjustments, net of tax of $0.7 and $(2.5), $(1.4) and $(0.8), respectively | (12.0) |  |  | 74.7 |  |  | 153.3 |  |  | 6.7 |
Defined benefit pension and other postretirement plan adjustments, net of tax of $0.0 and $(0.2), $(0.3) and $(0.3), respectively | 0.1 |  |  | (0.8) |  |  | (1.0) |  |  | (1.2) |
Net (loss) gain on equity affiliate accumulated other comprehensive income, net of tax of $0.0 and $0.0, $0.0 and $0.0, respectively | (0.1) |  |  | 0.2 |  |  | 0.1 |  |  | — |
Net (loss) gain on derivatives, net of tax of $(0.5) and $1.1, $1.2 and $0.7, respectively | (1.6) |  |  | 6.5 |  |  | 3.4 |  |  | 2.0 |
Other comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax | (13.6) |  |  | 80.6 |  |  | 155.8 |  |  | 7.5 |
Comprehensive income | $ | 126.4 |  |  | $ | 216.6 |  |  | $ | 517.4 |  |  | $ | 370.1 |

See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
4

Table of Contents
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (UNAUDITED)
West Pharmaceutical Services, Inc. and Subsidiaries

(in millions, except per share data) | September 30, 2025 |  | December 31, 2024
ASSETS |  |  |
Current assets: |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 628.5 |  |  | $ | 484.6 |
Accounts receivable, net | 625.0 |  |  | 552.5 |
Inventories | 438.0 |  |  | 377.0 |
Other current assets | 131.8 |  |  | 124.0 |
Total current assets | 1,823.3 |  |  | 1,538.1 |
Property, plant and equipment | 3,232.9 |  |  | 2,985.8 |
Less: accumulated depreciation and amortization | 1,492.3 |  |  | 1,404.2 |
Property, plant and equipment, net | 1,740.6 |  |  | 1,581.6 |
Operating lease right-of-use assets | 97.8 |  |  | 104.5 |
Investments in affiliated companies | 220.9 |  |  | 202.1 |
Goodwill | 110.6 |  |  | 106.0 |
Intangible assets, net | 8.9 |  |  | 10.8 |
Deferred income taxes | 27.9 |  |  | 26.0 |
Other noncurrent assets | 75.8 |  |  | 74.3 |
Total Assets | $ | 4,105.8 |  |  | $ | 3,643.4 |
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY |  |  |
Current liabilities: |  |  |
Accounts payable | $ | 255.8 |  |  | $ | 239.3 |
Accrued salaries, wages and benefits | 111.8 |  |  | 73.5 |
Income taxes payable | 33.3 |  |  | 31.5 |
Operating lease liabilities | 21.4 |  |  | 17.9 |
Other current liabilities | 213.1 |  |  | 188.2 |
Total current liabilities | 635.4 |  |  | 550.4 |
Long-term debt | 202.7 |  |  | 202.6 |
Deferred income taxes | 22.8 |  |  | 20.5 |
Pension and other postretirement benefits | 31.1 |  |  | 28.2 |
Operating lease liabilities | 73.5 |  |  | 81.8 |
Deferred compensation benefits | 13.5 |  |  | 15.4 |
Other long-term liabilities | 75.3 |  |  | 62.2 |
Total Liabilities | 1,054.3 |  |  | 961.1 |
Commitments and contingencies (Note 16) |  |  |
Equity: |  |  |
Preferred stock, 3.0 million shares authorized; 0 shares issued and outstanding | — |  |  | — |
Common stock, par value $0.25 per share; 200.0 million shares authorized; shares issued: September 30, 2025 - 75.3 million, December 31, 2024 - 75.3 million; shares outstanding: September 30, 2025 - 71.9 million, December 31, 2024 - 72.3 million | 18.8 |  |  | 18.8 |
Capital in excess of par value | — |  |  | 22.1 |
Retained earnings | 4,262.4 |  |  | 3,956.6 |
Accumulated other comprehensive loss | (102.3) |  |  | (258.1) |
Treasury stock, at cost (September 30, 2025 - 3.4 million shares, December 31, 2024 - 3.0 million shares) | (1,127.4) |  |  | (1,057.1) |
Total Equity | 3,051.5 |  |  | 2,682.3 |
Total Liabilities and Equity | $ | 4,105.8 |  |  | $ | 3,643.4 |

See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
5

Table of Contents
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (UNAUDITED)
West Pharmaceutical Services, Inc. and Subsidiaries
(in millions)

| Nine Months Ended September 30,
| 2025 |  | 2024
Cash flows from operating activities: |  |  |
Net income | $ | 361.6 |  |  | $ | 362.6 |
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: |  |  |
Depreciation | 122.2 |  |  | 112.0 |
Amortization | 2.2 |  |  | 2.7 |
Stock-based compensation | 17.1 |  |  | 14.4 |
Non-cash restructuring charges | 2.5 |  |  | — |
Asset impairments | 4.4 |  |  | 1.9 |
Other non-cash items, net | (4.4) |  |  | (9.7) |
Changes in assets and liabilities | (1.9) |  |  | (20.6) |
Net cash provided by operating activities | 503.7 |  |  | 463.3 |
Cash flows from investing activities: |  |  |
Capital expenditures | (209.8) |  |  | (272.1) |
Other, net | — |  |  | (1.8) |
Net cash used in investing activities | (209.8) |  |  | (273.9) |
Cash flows from financing activities: |  |  |
Borrowings of long-term debt | — |  |  | 164.7 |
Repayments of long-term debt | — |  |  | (169.0) |
Principal repayments on finance leases | (0.8) |  |  | (23.2) |
Excise tax payments | (4.2) |  |  | — |
Dividend payments | (45.4) |  |  | (43.8) |
Proceeds from stock-based compensation awards | 8.2 |  |  | 24.0 |
Employee stock purchase plan contributions | 5.4 |  |  | 5.6 |
Shares purchased under share repurchase programs | (134.0) |  |  | (506.5) |
Shares repurchased for employee tax withholdings | (2.6) |  |  | (5.5) |
Net cash used in financing activities | (173.4) |  |  | (553.7) |
Effect of exchange rates on cash | 23.4 |  |  | 1.3 |
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents | 143.9 |  |  | (363.0) |
Cash, including cash equivalents at beginning of period | 484.6 |  |  | 853.9 |
Cash, including cash equivalents at end of period | $ | 628.5 |  |  | $ | 490.9 |
Supplemental cash flow information: |  |  |
Accrued capital expenditures | $ | 38.1 |  |  | $ | 50.3 |

See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
Note 1: Basis of Presentation
Basis of Presentation: The condensed consolidated financial statements included in this report are unaudited and have been prepared in accordance with United States (“U.S.”) generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”) for interim financial reporting and U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) regulations. The year-end condensed consolidated balance sheet data was derived from audited financial statements, but does not include all disclosures required by U.S. GAAP. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in annual financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP have been condensed or omitted. In the opinion of management, these financial statements include all adjustments, which are of a normal recurring nature, necessary for a fair statement of the financial position, results of operations, cash flows and the change in equity for the periods presented. The condensed consolidated financial statements for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto of West Pharmaceutical Services, Inc. and its majority-owned subsidiaries (which may be referred to as “West”, the “Company”, “we”, “us” or “our”) appearing in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024 (the “2024 Annual Report”). The results of operations for any interim period are not necessarily indicative of results for the full year.
Note 2: New Accounting Standards
Recently Adopted Standards
In November 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU") No. 2023-07, Segment Reporting, which expands annual and interim disclosure requirements for reportable segments, primarily through enhanced disclosures about significant segment expenses and enhancement of interim disclosure requirements. This guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023 and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2024. The Company has adopted and implemented the applicable disclosure requirements within this report and the 2024 Annual Report.
Standards Issued Not Yet Adopted
In December 2023, the FASB issued guidance that seeks to enhance income tax disclosures to provide information to better assess how an entity's operations and related tax risks affect its tax rate and prospects for future cash flows. Within the income tax rate reconciliation, the amendment requires disclosure of additional categories and greater detail about individual reconciling items over a specified threshold. It also requires information pertaining to taxes paid to be disaggregated for federal, state, and foreign taxes and further disaggregated for specific jurisdictions over a specified threshold. This guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. We are currently evaluating the impact of this guidance on our financial statements and disclosures, but we do not expect the adoption to have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements other than the expanded footnote disclosure.
In November 2024, the FASB issued guidance that seeks to improve the disclosures about a public business entity’s expenses and address requests from investors for more detailed information about the types of expenses (including purchases of inventory, employee compensation, depreciation, amortization, and depletion) in commonly presented expense captions. The amendments require that at each interim and annual reporting period an entity: (1) disclose the amounts of purchases of inventory, employee compensation, depreciation, and intangible asset amortization included in each of the Company's relevant expense captions; (2) include certain amounts that are already required to be disclosed under current U.S. GAAP in the same disclosure as the other disaggregation requirements; (3) disclose a qualitative description of the amounts remaining in relevant expense captions that are not separately disaggregated quantitatively; and (4) disclose the total amount of selling expenses and, in annual reporting periods, an entity’s definition of selling expenses. This guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2027. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this guidance on our financial statements and disclosures.
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Note 3: Revenue
Our revenue results from the sale of goods or services and reflects the consideration to which we expect to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. We record revenue based on a five-step model, in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 606. Following the identification of a contract with a customer, we identify the performance obligations (goods or services) in the contract, determine the transaction price, allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract, and recognize the revenue when (or as) we satisfy the performance obligations by transferring the promised goods or services to our customers. A good or service is transferred when (or as) the customer obtains control of that good or service.
The following table presents the approximate percentage of our net sales by market group:

| Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
| 2025 |  | 2024 |  | 2025 |  | 2024
Biologics | 41 % |  | 40 % |  | 39 % |  | 38 %
Generics | 17 % |  | 18 % |  | 17 % |  | 17 %
Pharma | 22 % |  | 23 % |  | 25 % |  | 25 %
Contract-Manufactured Products | 20 % |  | 19 % |  | 19 % |  | 20 %
| 100 % |  | 100 % |  | 100 % |  | 100 %

The following table presents the approximate percentage of our net sales by product category:

| Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
| 2025 |  | 2024 |  | 2025 |  | 2024
High-Value Product ("HVP") Components | 48 % |  | 45 % |  | 47 % |  | 46 %
High-Value Product ("HVP") Delivery Devices | 12 % |  | 16 % |  | 13 % |  | 12 %
Standard Packaging | 20 % |  | 20 % |  | 21 % |  | 22 %
Contract-Manufactured Products | 20 % |  | 19 % |  | 19 % |  | 20 %
| 100 % |  | 100 % |  | 100 % |  | 100 %

The following table presents the approximate percentage of our net sales by geographic location:

| Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
| 2025 |  | 2024 |  | 2025 |  | 2024
Americas | 47 % |  | 48 % |  | 47 % |  | 44 %
Europe, Middle East, Africa | 45 % |  | 44 % |  | 45 % |  | 47 %
Asia Pacific | 8 % |  | 8 % |  | 8 % |  | 9 %
| 100 % |  | 100 % |  | 100 % |  | 100 %

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Contract Assets and Liabilities
The following table summarizes our contract assets and liabilities:

| ($ in millions)
Contract assets, December 31, 2024 | $ | 23.3 |
Contract assets, September 30, 2025 | 27.5 |
Change in contract assets - increase (decrease) | $ | 4.2 |
Deferred income, December 31, 2024 | $ | (53.2) |
Deferred income, September 30, 2025 | (47.3) |
Change in deferred income - decrease (increase) | $ | 5.9 |

Contract assets are included within other current assets and deferred income is included within other current liabilities and other long-term liabilities. During the nine months ended September 30, 2025, $39.3 million of revenue was recognized that was included in deferred income at the beginning of the year.
As of September 30, 2025, performance obligations expected to be satisfied beyond one year were $4.3 million. The remaining $43.0 million of performance obligations are expected to be satisfied within one year or less.
Note 4: Net Income Per Share
The following table reconciles the shares used in the calculation of basic net income per share to those used for diluted net income per share:

| Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
($ in millions) | 2025 |  | 2024 |  | 2025 |  | 2024
Net income | $ | 140.0 |  |  | $ | 136.0 |  |  | $ | 361.6 |  |  | $ | 362.6 |
Weighted average common shares outstanding | 72.2 |  |  | 72.8 |  |  | 72.3 |  |  | 73.1 |
Dilutive effect of equity awards, based on the treasury stock method | 0.4 |  |  | 0.6 |  |  | 0.4 |  |  | 0.7 |
Weighted average shares assuming dilution | 72.6 |  |  | 73.4 |  |  | 72.7 |  |  | 73.8 |

During the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, there were 0.4 million and 0.3 million shares, respectively, from stock-based compensation plans not included in the computation of diluted net income per share because their impact was antidilutive. There were 0.4 million and 0.3 million antidilutive shares outstanding during the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively.
In February 2023, the Board of Directors approved a share repurchase program under which the Company was able repurchase up to $1.0 billion in shares of common stock. This program was completed during January 2025.
In December 2024, the Board of Directors approved a share repurchase program under which the Company was able to repurchase up to 550,000 shares of common stock on the open market or in privately-negotiated transactions. The number of shares to be repurchased and the timing of such transactions depended on a variety of factors, including market conditions. This program was completed during April 2025. The Company did not repurchase any shares during the three months ended September 30, 2025.
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The below table summarizes the details of the Company's repurchases of common stock under these programs:

|  |  | Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
|  |  | 2024 |  | 2025 |  | 2024
Shares repurchased |  |  | 170,771 |  |  | 552,593 |  |  | 1,409,786 |
Total cost of repurchases ($ in millions) |  |  | $ | 52.4 |  |  | $ | 134.0 |  |  | $ | 506.5 |
Average price per repurchased share |  |  | $ | 306.34 |  |  | $ | 242.55 |  |  | $ | 359.24 |

Note 5: Inventories
Inventories are valued at the lower of cost (on a first-in, first-out basis) or net realizable value. Inventory balances were as follows:

($ in millions) | September 30, 2025 |  | December 31, 2024
Raw materials | $ | 183.0 |  |  | $ | 166.9 |
Work in process | 97.6 |  |  | 65.2 |
Finished goods | 157.4 |  |  | 144.9 |
| $ | 438.0 |  |  | $ | 377.0 |

Note 6: Leases
A lease exists when a contract conveys to the customer the right to control the use of identified property, plant, or equipment for a period of time in exchange for consideration. The definition of a lease embodies two conditions: 1) there is an identified asset in the contract that is land or a depreciable asset (i.e., property, plant, and equipment); and 2) the customer has the right to control the use of the identified asset. Lease payments included in the measurement of the lease right-of-use assets and lease liabilities are comprised of fixed payments (including in-substance fixed payments), variable payments that depend on an index or rate, and the exercise price of a lessee option to purchase the underlying asset if the lessee is reasonably certain to exercise.
The components of lease expense were as follows:

| Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
($ in millions) | 2025 |  | 2024 |  | 2025 |  | 2024
Operating lease cost | $ | 6.9 |  |  | $ | 6.4 |  |  | $ | 20.3 |  |  | $ | 18.1 |
Finance lease - amortization of right-of-use (ROU) assets | 0.5 |  |  | 0.3 |  |  | 1.2 |  |  | 0.6 |
Finance lease - interest on lease liabilities | — |  |  | 0.1 |  |  | 0.1 |  |  | 0.1 |
Short-term lease cost | 1.0 |  |  | 0.8 |  |  | 2.5 |  |  | 1.9 |
Variable lease cost | 2.9 |  |  | 2.5 |  |  | 8.3 |  |  | 6.3 |
Total lease cost | $ | 11.3 |  |  | $ | 10.1 |  |  | $ | 32.4 |  |  | $ | 27.0 |

The following table summarizes the finance lease amounts in the condensed consolidated balance sheets:

|  | September 30, |  | December 31, |  |
($ in millions) | Balance Sheet Classification |  | 2025 |  | 2024 |  |
ROU assets, net | Other noncurrent assets |  | $ | 35.2 |  |  | $ | 29.7 |  |  |
Lease liabilities (current) | Other current liabilities |  | $ | 1.5 |  |  | $ | 0.9 |  |  |
Lease liabilities (noncurrent) | Other long-term liabilities |  | $ | 3.9 |  |  | $ | 2.1 |  |  |

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Supplemental cash flow information related to leases were as follows:

|  |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
($ in millions) |  |  |  |  | 2025 |  | 2024
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Operating cash flows from operating leases |  |  |  |  | $ | 19.6 |  |  | $ | 26.3 |
Operating cash flows from finance leases |  |  |  |  | $ | 0.1 |  |  | $ | — |
Financing cash flows from finance leases |  |  |  |  | $ | 0.8 |  |  | $ | 23.2 |
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new lease liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Operating leases |  |  |  |  | $ | 9.9 |  |  | $ | 36.8 |
Finance leases |  |  |  |  | $ | 2.9 |  |  | $ | 24.3 |

As of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the weighted average remaining lease term for operating leases was 6.1 years and 8.3 years, respectively. As of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the weighted average remaining lease term for finance leases was 4.6 years and 6.3 years, respectively.
As of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the weighted average discount rate for operating leases was 4.00% and 3.99%, respectively. As of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the weighted average discount rate for finance leases was 4.16% and 4.80%, respectively.
Maturities of the Company's lease liabilities as of September 30, 2025 were as follows:

($ in millions) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Year | Operating Leases |  | Finance Leases |  |  |  |  |  |
2025 (remaining period as of September 30, 2025) | $ | 6.5 |  |  | $ | 0.4 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
2026 | 25.4 |  |  | 1.5 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
2027 | 18.4 |  |  | 1.5 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
2028 | 16.6 |  |  | 1.1 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
2029 | 12.7 |  |  | 0.5 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Thereafter | 27.3 |  |  | 0.9 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| 106.9 |  |  | 5.9 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Less: imputed lease interest | (12.0) |  |  | (0.5) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Total lease liabilities | $ | 94.9 |  |  | $ | 5.4 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

Note 7: Affiliated Companies
The following table summarizes the aggregate carrying amounts of our investments in affiliated companies that are accounted for under the equity method and our investments in affiliated companies that are not accounted for under the equity method:

| September 30, |  | December 31,
($ in millions) | 2025 |  | 2024
Aggregate carrying value of investments in affiliated companies: |  |  |
Equity method affiliates | $ | 213.6 |  |  | $ | 194.9 |
Non-equity method affiliates | 7.3 |  |  | 7.2 |
Total investments in affiliated companies | $ | 220.9 |  |  | $ | 202.1 |

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We have elected to record non-equity method investments, for which fair value was not readily determinable, at cost, less impairment, adjusted for subsequent observable price changes. We test these investments for impairment whenever circumstances indicate that the carrying value of the investments may not be recoverable.
The following table summarizes the amounts due to and from affiliates in the condensed consolidated balance sheets:

|  | September 30, |  | December 31,
($ in millions) |  | 2025 |  | 2024
Payables due to affiliates |  | $ | 19.8 |  |  | $ | 18.7 |
Receivables due from affiliates |  | $ | 1.2 |  |  | $ | 2.5 |

The following table summarizes the Company's affiliate transactions:

| Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
($ in millions) | 2025 |  | 2024 |  | 2025 |  | 2024
Purchases from (and payments to) affiliates | $ | 25.2 |  |  | $ | 30.1 |  |  | $ | 83.1 |  |  | $ | 83.6 |
Sales to affiliates | $ | 3.4 |  |  | $ | 3.5 |  |  | $ | 9.4 |  |  | $ | 10.7 |

The majority of the purchase transactions listed above relate to a distributorship agreement with Daikyo Seiko, Ltd. ("Daikyo") that allows the Company to purchase and re-sell Daikyo products.
Note 8: Debt
The following table summarizes our long-term debt obligations, net of unamortized debt issuance costs and current maturities. The interest rates shown in parentheses are as of September 30, 2025.

($ in millions) | September 30, 2025 |  | December 31, 2024
Term Loan, due July 2, 2027 (5.35%) | $ | 130.0 |  |  | $ | 130.0 |
Series C notes, due July 5, 2027 (4.02%) | 73.0 |  |  | 73.0 |
| 203.0 |  |  | 203.0 |
Less: unamortized debt issuance costs for Term Loan and Series Notes | 0.3 |  |  | 0.4 |
Total debt | 202.7 |  |  | 202.6 |
Less: current portion of long-term debt | — |  |  | — |
Long-term debt, net | $ | 202.7 |  |  | $ | 202.6 |

Term Loan
At September 30, 2025, the Company had $130.0 million in borrowings under the Term Loan which were classified as long-term. Please refer to Note 9, Derivative Financial Instruments, for a discussion of the foreign currency hedge associated with the Term Loan.
Multi-Currency Revolving Credit Facility
At September 30, 2025, the borrowing capacity available under our $500.0 million multi-currency revolving credit facility, including outstanding letters of credit of $2.3 million, was $497.7 million.
Pursuant to the financial covenants in our debt agreements, we are required to maintain established interest coverage ratios and to not exceed established leverage ratios. In addition, the agreements contain other customary covenants, none of which we consider restrictive to our operations. At September 30, 2025, we were in compliance with all of our debt covenants.
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Note 9: Derivative Financial Instruments
Our ongoing business operations expose us to various risks, such as fluctuating interest rates, foreign currency exchange rates and increasing commodity prices. To manage these market risks, we periodically enter into derivative financial instruments, such as interest rate swaps, options and foreign exchange contracts for periods consistent with, and for notional amounts equal to or less than, the related underlying exposures. We do not purchase or hold any derivative financial instruments for investment or trading purposes. All derivatives are recorded in our condensed consolidated balance sheet at fair value.
Foreign Exchange Rate Risk
We have entered into forward exchange contracts, designated as fair value hedges, to manage our exposure to fluctuating foreign exchange rates on cross-currency intercompany loans. As of both September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the notional amounts of these forward exchange contracts were Singapore Dollar (“SGD”) 421.9 million and $13.4 million. We have also entered into forward exchange contracts, designated as fair value hedges, to manage our exposure to fluctuating foreign exchange rates on cross-currency intercompany demand notes which were executed at various times throughout 2023 and 2024. As of September 30, 2025, the total notional amounts of these forward exchange contracts were Euro ("EUR") 118.3 million and $47.1 million. As of December 31, 2024, the total notional amounts of these forward exchange contracts were EUR 145.3 million and $47.1 million
In addition, we have entered into several foreign currency contracts, designated as cash flow hedges, for periods of up to eighteen months, intended to hedge the currency risk associated with a portion of our forecasted transactions denominated in foreign currencies. As of September 30, 2025, we had outstanding foreign currency contracts to purchase and sell certain pairs of currencies, as follows:

(in millions) |  |  | Sell
Currency | Purchase |  | USD |  | EUR |  | SGD
EUR | 28.4 |  |  | 32.5 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
JPY | 5,388.2 |  |  | 25.0 |  |  | 10.3 |  |  | 1.2 |
SGD | 35.4 |  |  | 16.9 |  |  | 9.3 |  |  | — |

In December 2019, we entered into a cross-currency swap for $90 million, which we designated as a hedge of our net investment in Daikyo. The cross-currency swap had an original maturity date of December 31, 2024, but was extinguished in July 2024. In July 2024, we entered into a new cross-currency swap for $130 million, which we designated as a hedge of our net investment in Daikyo. As of September 30, 2025, the notional amount of the cross-currency swap is ¥17.0 billion ($130.0 million) and the swap termination date is July 2, 2027. Under the cross-currency swap, we receive fixed USD interest rate payments in return for paying fixed JPY interest rate payments.
Additionally, we will periodically enter into forward exchange contracts to mitigate our exposure to fluctuating foreign exchange rates on assets and liabilities, other than the intercompany loans and demand notes referenced above, which are denominated in foreign currencies. The Company has elected not to designate these forward contracts in hedging relationships, and any change in the value of the contracts is recognized in income.
Commodity Price Risk
Many of our proprietary products are made from synthetic elastomers, which are derived from the petroleum refining process. We purchase the majority of our elastomers via long-term supply contracts, some of which contain clauses that provide for surcharges related to fluctuations in crude oil prices. The following economic hedges did not qualify for hedge accounting treatment since they did not meet the highly effective requirement at inception.
We regularly purchase call options on crude oil to mitigate our exposure to such oil-based surcharges and protect operating cash flows with regard to a portion of our forecasted elastomer purchases. As of September 30, 2025, we had outstanding contracts to purchase 184,895 barrels of crude oil from September 2025 to March 2027, at a weighted-average strike price of $76.26 per barrel.
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Effects of Derivative Instruments on Financial Position and Results of Operations
Please refer to Note 10, Fair Value Measurements, for the balance sheet location and fair values of our derivative instruments as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024.
The following table summarizes the effects of derivative instruments designated as fair value hedges on the condensed consolidated statements of income:

| Amount of Gain (Loss) Recognized in Income for the |  | Amount of Gain (Loss) Recognized in Income for the |  |
| Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30, |  | Location on Statement of Income
($ in millions) | 2025 |  | 2024 |  | 2025 |  | 2024 |  |
Fair Value Hedges: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Hedged item (intercompany loan) | $ | 3.9 |  |  | $ | (16.6) |  |  | $ | 7.3 |  |  | $ | (6.2) |  |  | Other expense (income)
Derivative designated as hedging instrument | (3.9) |  |  | 16.6 |  |  | (7.3) |  |  | 6.2 |  |  | Other expense (income)
Amount excluded from effectiveness testing | (0.4) |  |  | (1.8) |  |  | (1.3) |  |  | (5.3) |  |  | Other expense (income)
Total | $ | (0.4) |  |  | $ | (1.8) |  |  | $ | (1.3) |  |  | $ | (5.3) |  |  |

We recognize in earnings the initial value of forward point components for hedges of intercompany loans on a straight-line basis over the life of the fair value hedge. The value of forward point components for hedges of intercompany demand notes is recognized currently in earnings using a market approach. The expense recognized in earnings, pre-tax, for forward point components for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 was $0.4 million and $1.3 million, respectively. The expense recognized in earnings, pre-tax, for forward point components for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 was $1.8 million and $5.3 million, respectively.
The following tables summarize the effects of derivative instruments designated as fair value, cash flow, and net investment hedges on other comprehensive income (“OCI”) and earnings, net of tax:

| Amount of Gain (Loss) Recognized in OCI for the |  | Amount of (Gain) Loss Reclassified from Accumulated OCI into Income for the |  | Location of (Gain) Loss Reclassified from Accumulated OCI into Income
| Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Three Months Ended September 30, |
($ in millions) | 2025 |  | 2024 |  | 2025 |  | 2024 |  |
Fair Value Hedges: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Foreign currency hedge contracts | $ | 0.2 |  |  | $ | 0.5 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | Other expense (income)
Total | $ | 0.2 |  |  | $ | 0.5 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  |
Cash Flow Hedges: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Foreign currency hedge contracts | $ | 0.8 |  |  | $ | 0.2 |  |  | $ | 0.3 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | Net sales
Foreign currency hedge contracts | (2.5) |  |  | 5.3 |  |  | (0.5) |  |  | 0.5 |  |  | Cost of goods and services sold
Forward treasury locks | — |  |  | — |  |  | 0.1 |  |  | — |  |  | Interest expense
Total | $ | (1.7) |  |  | $ | 5.5 |  |  | $ | (0.1) |  |  | $ | 0.5 |  |  |
Net Investment Hedges: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cross-currency swap | $ | 2.4 |  |  | $ | (8.1) |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | Other expense (income)
Total | $ | 2.4 |  |  | $ | (8.1) |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  |

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| Amount of Gain (Loss) Recognized in OCI for the |  | Amount of (Gain) Loss Reclassified from Accumulated OCI into Income for the |  | Location of (Gain) Loss Reclassified from Accumulated OCI into Income
| Nine Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30, |
($ in millions) | 2025 |  | 2024 |  | 2025 |  | 2024 |  |
Fair Value Hedges: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Foreign currency hedge contracts | $ | 1.0 |  |  | $ | 0.7 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (0.7) |  |  | Other expense (income)
Total | $ | 1.0 |  |  | $ | 0.7 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (0.7) |  |  |
Cash Flow Hedges: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Foreign currency hedge contracts | $ | (1.8) |  |  | $ | 0.3 |  |  | $ | 0.4 |  |  | $ | (0.2) |  |  | Net sales
Foreign currency hedge contracts | 4.0 |  |  | (1.3) |  |  | (0.3) |  |  | 3.1 |  |  | Cost of goods and services sold
Forward treasury locks | — |  |  | — |  |  | 0.1 |  |  | 0.1 |  |  | Interest expense
Total | $ | 2.2 |  |  | $ | (1.0) |  |  | $ | 0.2 |  |  | $ | 3.0 |  |  |
Net Investment Hedges: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cross-currency swap | $ | (3.8) |  |  | $ | 0.3 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | Other expense (income)
Total | $ | (3.8) |  |  | $ | 0.3 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  |

Refer to the above table which summarizes the effects of derivative instruments designated as fair value hedges within the other expense (income) line in our condensed consolidated statements of income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and September 30, 2024.
The following table summarizes the effects of derivative instruments designated as cash flow and net investment hedges by line item in the condensed consolidated statements of income:

| Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
($ in millions) | 2025 |  | 2024 |  | 2025 |  | 2024
Net sales | $ | 0.3 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 0.4 |  |  | $ | (0.2) |
Cost of goods and services sold | $ | (0.5) |  |  | $ | 0.5 |  |  | $ | (0.3) |  |  | $ | 3.1 |
Interest expense | $ | 0.1 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 0.1 |  |  | $ | 0.1 |

The following table summarizes the effects of derivative instruments not designated as hedges on the condensed consolidated statements of income:

| Amount of Gain (Loss) Recognized in Income for the |  | Amount of Gain (Loss) Recognized in Income for the |  |
| Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30, |  | Location on Statement of Income
($ in millions) | 2025 |  | 2024 |  | 2025 |  | 2024 |  |
Commodity call options | $ | (0.1) |  |  | $ | (0.5) |  |  | $ | (0.5) |  |  | $ | (0.6) |  |  | Other expense (income)
Currency Forwards | 0.3 |  |  | (3.2) |  |  | 1.2 |  |  | (2.7) |  |  | Other expense (income)
Total | $ | 0.2 |  |  | $ | (3.7) |  |  | $ | 0.7 |  |  | $ | (3.3) |  |  |

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, there was no material ineffectiveness related to these hedges.
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Note 10: Fair Value Measurements
Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. The following fair value hierarchy classifies the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value into one of three levels:
•Level 1: Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
•Level 2: Inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly. These include quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets and quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active.
•Level 3: Unobservable inputs that reflect the reporting entity’s own assumptions.
The following tables present the assets and liabilities recorded at fair value on a recurring basis:

| Balance at |  | Basis of Fair Value Measurements
($ in millions) | September 30, 2025 |  | Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3
Assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Deferred compensation assets | $ | 10.0 |  |  | $ | 10.0 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Money market funds | 176.8 |  |  | 176.8 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Time deposits | 45.7 |  |  | — |  |  | 45.7 |  |  | — |
Foreign currency contracts | 11.9 |  |  | — |  |  | 11.9 |  |  | — |
Cross-currency swap | 18.3 |  |  | — |  |  | 18.3 |  |  | — |
Commodity call options | 0.4 |  |  | — |  |  | 0.4 |  |  | — |
| $ | 263.1 |  |  | $ | 186.8 |  |  | $ | 76.3 |  |  | $ | — |
Liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Contingent consideration | $ | 2.8 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 2.8 |
Deferred compensation liabilities | 10.1 |  |  | 10.1 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Foreign currency contracts | 27.0 |  |  | — |  |  | 27.0 |  |  | — |
| $ | 39.9 |  |  | $ | 10.1 |  |  | $ | 27.0 |  |  | $ | 2.8 |

| Balance at |  | Basis of Fair Value Measurements
($ in millions) | December 31, 2024 |  | Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3
Assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Deferred compensation assets | $ | 11.1 |  |  | $ | 11.1 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Money market funds | 117.6 |  |  | 117.6 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Time deposits | 71.3 |  |  | — |  |  | 71.3 |  |  | — |
Foreign currency contracts | 17.3 |  |  | — |  |  | 17.3 |  |  | — |
Cross-currency swap | 23.6 |  |  | — |  |  | 23.6 |  |  | — |
Commodity call options | 0.3 |  |  | — |  |  | 0.3 |  |  | — |
| $ | 241.2 |  |  | $ | 128.7 |  |  | $ | 112.5 |  |  | $ | — |
Liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Contingent consideration | $ | 3.0 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 3.0 |
Deferred compensation liabilities | 11.2 |  |  | 11.2 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Foreign currency contracts | 18.3 |  |  | — |  |  | 18.3 |  |  | — |
| $ | 32.5 |  |  | $ | 11.2 |  |  | $ | 18.3 |  |  | $ | 3.0 |

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Deferred compensation assets are included within other noncurrent assets and are valued using a market approach based on quoted market prices in an active market. Money market funds are included within cash and cash equivalents and are valued based on quoted market prices in active markets, with no valuation adjustment. Time deposits are included within cash and cash equivalents and are valued using relevant observable market inputs including quoted prices for similar assets and interest rate curves. The fair value of our foreign currency contracts, included within other current and other noncurrent assets, as well as other current and other long-term liabilities, is valued using an income approach based on quoted forward foreign exchange rates and spot rates at the reporting date. The fair value of the cross-currency swap, included within other noncurrent assets, is valued using a market approach. Please refer to Note 9, Derivative Financial Instruments, for further discussion of our derivatives. The fair value of our commodity call options, included within other current and other noncurrent assets, is valued using a market approach. The fair value of the contingent consideration liability, within current and long-term liabilities, related to the SmartDose® technology platform (the “SmartDose® contingent consideration”) was initially determined using a probability-weighted income approach, and is revalued at each reporting date or more frequently if circumstances dictate. Changes in the fair value of this obligation are recorded as income or expense within other expense (income) in our condensed consolidated statements of income. The fair value of deferred compensation liabilities is based on quoted prices of the underlying employees’ investment selections and is included within other long-term liabilities.
Other Financial Instruments
We believe that the carrying amounts of our cash and accounts receivable approximate their fair values due to their near-term maturities.
The estimated fair value of long-term debt is based on quoted market prices for debt issuances with similar terms and maturities and is classified as Level 2 within the fair value hierarchy. At September 30, 2025, the estimated fair value of long-term debt was $202.1 million compared to a carrying amount of $202.7 million. At December 31, 2024, the estimated fair value of long-term debt was $200.5 million and the carrying amount was $202.6 million. As of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, all debt is long-term.
Note 11: Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
The following table presents the changes in the components of accumulated other comprehensive income ("AOCI") (loss), net of tax, for the nine months ended September 30, 2025:

($ in millions) | Derivatives |  | Change in equity affiliate investment AOCI |  | Defined benefit pension and other postretirement plans |  | Foreign currency translation |  | Total
Balance, December 31, 2024 | $ | (2.5) |  |  | $ | 2.5 |  |  | $ | (9.8) |  |  | $ | (248.3) |  |  | $ | (258.1) |
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications | 3.2 |  |  | 0.1 |  |  | (0.6) |  |  | 153.3 |  |  | 156.0 |
Amounts reclassified out from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) | 0.2 |  |  | — |  |  | (0.4) |  |  | — |  |  | (0.2) |
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax | 3.4 |  |  | 0.1 |  |  | (1.0) |  |  | 153.3 |  |  | 155.8 |
Balance, September 30, 2025 | $ | 0.9 |  |  | $ | 2.6 |  |  | $ | (10.8) |  |  | $ | (95.0) |  |  | $ | (102.3) |

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The following table presents the changes in the components of accumulated other comprehensive income ("AOCI") (loss), net of tax, for the nine months ended September 30, 2024:

($ in millions) | Derivatives |  | Change in equity affiliate investment AOCI |  | Defined benefit pension and other postretirement plans |  | Foreign currency translation |  | Total
Balance, December 31, 2023 | $ | — |  |  | $ | 2.3 |  |  | $ | (10.1) |  |  | $ | (136.0) |  |  | $ | (143.8) |
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications | (0.3) |  |  | — |  |  | (0.6) |  |  | 6.7 |  |  | 5.8 |
Amounts reclassified out from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) | 2.3 |  |  | — |  |  | (0.6) |  |  | — |  |  | 1.7 |
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax | 2.0 |  |  | — |  |  | (1.2) |  |  | 6.7 |  |  | 7.5 |
Balance, September 30, 2024 | $ | 2.0 |  |  | $ | 2.3 |  |  | $ | (11.3) |  |  | $ | (129.3) |  |  | $ | (136.3) |

A summary of the reclassifications out from accumulated other comprehensive loss is presented in the following table:

($ in millions) |  | Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30, |  |
Detail of components |  | 2025 |  | 2024 |  | 2025 |  | 2024 |  | Location on Statement of Income
(Losses) gains on derivatives: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Foreign currency contracts |  | $ | (0.4) |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (0.5) |  |  | $ | 0.2 |  |  | Net sales
Foreign currency contracts |  | 0.5 |  |  | (0.7) |  |  | 0.2 |  |  | (4.1) |  |  | Cost of goods and services sold
Foreign currency contracts |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1.0 |  |  | Other expense (income)
Forward treasury locks |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (0.1) |  |  | (0.1) |  |  | Interest expense
Total before tax |  | 0.1 |  |  | (0.7) |  |  | (0.4) |  |  | (3.0) |  |  |
Tax benefit |  | — |  |  | 0.2 |  |  | 0.2 |  |  | 0.7 |  |  |
Net of tax |  | $ | 0.1 |  |  | $ | (0.5) |  |  | $ | (0.2) |  |  | $ | (2.3) |  |  |
Amortization of defined benefit pension and other postretirement plans: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Actuarial gains |  | $ | 0.2 |  |  | $ | 0.3 |  |  | $ | 0.5 |  |  | $ | 0.8 |  |  | (a)
Total before tax |  | 0.2 |  |  | 0.3 |  |  | 0.5 |  |  | 0.8 |  |  |
Tax expense |  | — |  |  | (0.1) |  |  | (0.1) |  |  | (0.2) |  |  |
Net of tax |  | $ | 0.2 |  |  | $ | 0.2 |  |  | $ | 0.4 |  |  | $ | 0.6 |  |  |
Total reclassifications for the period, net of tax |  | $ | 0.3 |  |  | $ | (0.3) |  |  | $ | 0.2 |  |  | $ | (1.7) |  |  |

(a) This component is included in the computation of net periodic benefit cost.
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Note 12: Shareholders’ Equity
The following table presents the changes in shareholders’ equity for the nine months ended September 30, 2025:

| Common Shares Issued |  | Common Stock |  | Capital in Excess of Par Value |  | Number of Treasury Shares |  | Treasury Stock |  | Retained earnings |  | Accumulated other comprehensive loss |  | Total
(in millions) |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Balance, December 31, 2024 | 75.3 |  |  | $ | 18.8 |  |  | $ | 22.1 |  |  | 3.0 |  |  | $ | (1,057.1) |  |  | $ | 3,956.6 |  |  | $ | (258.1) |  |  | $ | 2,682.3 |
Net income | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 89.8 |  |  | — |  |  | 89.8 |
Activity related to stock-based compensation | — |  |  | — |  |  | (20.3) |  |  | (0.1) |  |  | 27.4 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 7.1 |
Shares purchased under share repurchase program | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 0.6 |  |  | (133.5) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (133.5) |
Dividends declared ($0.21 per share) | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (15.2) |  |  | — |  |  | (15.2) |
Other comprehensive income, net of tax | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 52.6 |  |  | 52.6 |
Balance, March 31, 2025 | 75.3 |  |  | $ | 18.8 |  |  | $ | 1.8 |  |  | 3.5 |  |  | $ | (1,163.2) |  |  | $ | 4,031.2 |  |  | $ | (205.5) |  |  | $ | 2,683.1 |
Net income | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 131.8 |  |  | — |  |  | 131.8 |
Activity related to stock-based compensation | — |  |  | — |  |  | (1.8) |  |  | (0.1) |  |  | 23.5 |  |  | (8.8) |  |  | — |  |  | 12.9 |
Shares purchased under share repurchase program | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (0.5) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (0.5) |
Dividends declared ($0.21 per share) | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (15.0) |  |  | — |  |  | (15.0) |
Other comprehensive income, net of tax | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 116.8 |  |  | 116.8 |
Balance, June 30, 2025 | 75.3 |  |  | $ | 18.8 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | 3.4 |  |  | $ | (1,140.2) |  |  | $ | 4,139.2 |  |  | $ | (88.7) |  |  | $ | 2,929.1 |
Net income | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 140.0 |  |  | — |  |  | 140.0 |
Activity related to stock-based compensation | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 12.8 |  |  | (1.0) |  |  | — |  |  | 11.8 |
Dividends declared ($0.22 per share) | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (15.8) |  |  | — |  |  | (15.8) |
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (13.6) |  |  | (13.6) |
Balance, September 30, 2025 | 75.3 |  |  | $ | 18.8 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | 3.4 |  |  | $ | (1,127.4) |  |  | $ | 4,262.4 |  |  | $ | (102.3) |  |  | $ | 3,051.5 |

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The following table presents the changes in shareholders’ equity for the nine months ended September 30, 2024:

| Common Shares Issued |  | Common Stock |  | Capital in Excess of Par Value |  | Number of Treasury Shares |  | Treasury Stock |  | Retained earnings |  | Accumulated other comprehensive loss |  | Total
(in millions) |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Balance, December 31, 2023 | 75.3 |  |  | $ | 18.8 |  |  | $ | 120.2 |  |  | 1.8 |  |  | $ | (637.6) |  |  | $ | 3,523.4 |  |  | $ | (143.8) |  |  | $ | 2,881.0 |
Net income | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 115.3 |  |  | — |  |  | 115.3 |
Activity related to stock-based compensation | — |  |  | — |  |  | (65.0) |  |  | (0.2) |  |  | 79.4 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 14.4 |
Shares purchased under share repurchase program | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 0.7 |  |  | (267.0) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (267.0) |
Dividends declared ($0.20 per share) | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (14.6) |  |  | — |  |  | (14.6) |
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (48.5) |  |  | (48.5) |
Balance, March 31, 2024 | 75.3 |  |  | $ | 18.8 |  |  | $ | 55.2 |  |  | 2.3 |  |  | $ | (825.2) |  |  | $ | 3,624.1 |  |  | $ | (192.3) |  |  | $ | 2,680.6 |
Net income | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 111.3 |  |  | — |  |  | 111.3 |
Activity related to stock-based compensation | — |  |  | — |  |  | (21.7) |  |  | (0.1) |  |  | 32.8 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 11.1 |
Shares purchased under share repurchase program | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 0.5 |  |  | (187.1) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (187.1) |
Dividends declared ($0.20 per share) | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (14.5) |  |  | — |  |  | (14.5) |
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (24.6) |  |  | (24.6) |
Balance, June 30, 2024 | 75.3 |  |  | $ | 18.8 |  |  | $ | 33.5 |  |  | 2.7 |  |  | $ | (979.5) |  |  | $ | 3,720.9 |  |  | $ | (216.9) |  |  | $ | 2,576.8 |
Net income | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 136.0 |  |  | — |  |  | 136.0 |
Activity related to stock-based compensation | — |  |  | — |  |  | (10.2) |  |  | (0.1) |  |  | 21.3 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 11.1 |
Shares purchased under share repurchase program | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 0.2 |  |  | (52.4) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (52.4) |
Other comprehensive income, net of tax | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 80.6 |  |  | 80.6 |
Balance, September 30, 2024 | 75.3 |  |  | $ | 18.8 |  |  | $ | 23.3 |  |  | 2.8 |  |  | $ | (1,010.6) |  |  | $ | 3,856.9 |  |  | $ | (136.3) |  |  | $ | 2,752.1 |

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Note 13: Stock-Based Compensation
The West Pharmaceutical Services, Inc. 2016 Omnibus Incentive Compensation Plan (the “2016 Plan”) provides for the granting of stock options, stock appreciation rights ("SARs"), restricted stock awards and performance awards to employees and non-employee directors. A committee of the Board of Directors determines the terms and conditions of awards to be granted. Vesting requirements vary by award. In March 2025, the Board of Directors approved, and our stockholders subsequently approved in May 2025, an amendment to the 2016 Plan ("the Amended and Restated 2016 Plan"), which, among other things, added 2.0 million shares of common stock to the maximum number of shares of common stock as to which awards may be granted. Following the approval of the Amended and Restated 2016 Plan, all stock options or SARs that are not forfeited or cancelled will reduce the number of shares available for issuance under the Amended and Restated 2016 Plan by one share for each share subject to the award. Awards issued following the amendment that are payable in common stock (other than stock options or SARs) will reduce the total number of shares available for grant under the Amended and Restated 2016 Plan by an amount equal to 2.0 times the number of shares subject to the award. The reduction was previously equal to 2.5 times the number of shares subject to the award under the 2016 Plan. At September 30, 2025, there were approximately 3.0 million shares remaining in the Amended and Restated 2016 Plan for future grants.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2025, the Company granted 77,029 stock options at a weighted average exercise price of $218.98 per share based on the grant-date fair value of our stock to employees under the 2016 Plan. The weighted average grant date fair value of options granted was $93.40 per share as determined by the Black-Scholes option valuation model using the following weighted average assumptions: a risk-free interest rate of 4.3%; expected life of 6.5 years based on prior experience; stock volatility of 36.2% based on historical data; and a dividend yield of 0.4%. Stock option expense is recognized over the vesting period, net of forfeitures.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2025, the Company granted 59,106 stock-settled performance share unit (“PSU”) awards at a weighted average grant-date fair value of $215.98 per share to eligible employees. These awards are earned based on the Company’s performance against pre-established targets, including annual growth rate of revenue and return on invested capital, over a specified performance period. Depending on the achievement of the targets, recipients of stock-settled PSU awards are entitled to receive a certain number of shares of common stock. Shares earned under PSU awards may vary from 0% to 200% of an employee’s targeted award. The fair value of stock-settled PSU awards is based on the market price of our stock at the grant date and is recognized as expense over the performance period, adjusted for estimated target outcomes and net of forfeitures.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2025, the Company granted 62,127 stock-settled restricted share unit (“RSU”) awards at a weighted average grant-date fair value of $219.90 per share to eligible employees. These awards are earned over a specified performance period. The fair value of stock-settled RSU awards is based on the market price of our stock at the grant date and is recognized as expense over the vesting period, net of forfeitures.
Stock-based compensation expense was $8.4 million and $17.1 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, respectively. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, stock-based compensation expense was $5.1 million and $14.4 million, respectively.
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Note 14: Other Expense (Income)
Other expense (income) consists of:

| Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
($ in millions) | 2025 |  | 2024 |  | 2025 |  | 2024
Restructuring and related charges | $ | 0.9 |  |  | $ | (2.5) |  |  | $ | 17.5 |  |  | $ | (2.5) |
Contingent consideration | 2.7 |  |  | 1.2 |  |  | 7.3 |  |  | 3.2 |
Foreign exchange transaction losses | 2.7 |  |  | 4.1 |  |  | 5.6 |  |  | 7.3 |
Asset impairments | 0.3 |  |  | 1.0 |  |  | 1.4 |  |  | 1.9 |
Other items | 0.3 |  |  | 0.6 |  |  | 0.9 |  |  | 0.9 |
Total other expense (income) | $ | 6.9 |  |  | $ | 4.4 |  |  | $ | 32.7 |  |  | $ | 10.8 |

Restructuring and Related Charges
In January 2025, the Company approved a restructuring plan to adjust our operating cost base to better respond to the macroeconomic factors influencing our business. These changes are expected to be implemented over a period of approximately twenty-four to thirty-six months from the date of approval. The plan is expected to require restructuring and related charges of approximately $30 million to $32 million, with annualized savings in the range of $35 million to $40 million. The following table presents activity related to our restructuring obligations related to our 2025 restructuring plan:

($ in millions) | Severance and benefits |  | Asset-related charges |  |  |  | Total
Balance, December 31, 2024 | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  |  |  | $ | — |
Charges (Credits) | 15.0 |  |  | 2.5 |  |  |  |  | 17.5 |
Cash payments | (7.6) |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | (7.6) |
Non-cash asset write downs | — |  |  | (2.5) |  |  |  |  | (2.5) |
Balance, September 30, 2025 | $ | 7.4 |  |  | $ | — |  |  |  |  | $ | 7.4 |

Contingent Consideration
Contingent consideration represents changes in the fair value of the SmartDose® contingent consideration. Please refer to Note 10, Fair Value Measurements, for additional details.
Note 15: Income Taxes
The tax provision for interim periods is determined using the estimated annual effective consolidated tax rate, based on the current estimate of full-year earnings before taxes, adjusted for the impact of discrete quarterly items.
The provision for income taxes was $34.0 million and $32.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively, and the effective tax rate was 19.8% and 19.7%, respectively.
The provision for income taxes was $88.3 million and $70.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively, and the effective tax rate was 20.1% and 16.8%, respectively. The increase in the effective tax rate is primarily due to a decrease in the tax benefit related to stock-based compensation in the nine months ended September 30, 2025 as compared to the same period in 2024.
The Company continues to address the change in tax laws enacted pursuant to the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD)’s 15% global minimum tax initiative (Pillar 2). The 2025 forecasted impact of Pillar 2 is not expected to be material to the Company.
On July 4, 2025, the One Big Beautiful Bill Act was signed into law in the U.S. The legislation has multiple effective dates, with certain provisions effective in 2025 and others implemented through 2027. The impact to the Company’s income tax expense and effective tax rate for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 associated with this legislation is not material.
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Note 16: Commitments and Contingencies
From time to time, we are involved in various proceedings, lawsuits, disputes and claims arising in the ordinary course of the Company’s business, whether that be matters involving commercial operations, product liability, intellectual property or employment actions, including class action lawsuits. We accrue for loss contingencies when it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated based on circumstances and assumptions existing at the time. Unless otherwise disclosed below, while the outcome of such claims cannot be predicted with certainty, we believe their ultimate resolution is not expected to have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations or liquidity. However, if an unfavorable ruling were to occur in any specific case, a material impact on the results of operations could be possible for that period.
Securities Class Action
On May 5, 2025, New England Teamsters Pension Fund filed a class action against us and certain of our current and former officers in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania, purportedly on behalf of a class of the Company’s investors who purchased or otherwise acquired the Company’s common stock between February 16, 2023 and February 12, 2025. On July 23, 2025, the court appointed lead plaintiffs in the action. On October 15, 2025, the lead plaintiffs filed an amended complaint. The complaint alleges violations of Sections 10(b), 20(a) and 20A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and Rule 10b-5 promulgated thereunder in connection with 1) various public statements made by the Company and certain current and former officers regarding its business, operations and prospects and 2) certain current and former officers' transactions in the Company's stock. The action seeks unspecified damages, costs and expenses, including attorneys’ fees. The defendants intend to vigorously defend against such allegations. Given the nature of the case, including that the proceedings are in their early stages, the Company is unable to predict the ultimate outcome of the case or estimate the range of potential loss, if any.
There have been no significant changes to commitments and contingencies since December 31, 2024.
Note 17: Segment Information
Our business operations are organized into two reportable segments, Proprietary Products and Contract-Manufactured Products. Our Proprietary Products reportable segment offers proprietary packaging, containment solutions and drug delivery products, along with analytical lab services and other integrated services and solutions, primarily to biologic, generic and pharmaceutical drug customers. Our Contract-Manufactured Products reportable segment serves as a fully integrated business, focused on the design, manufacture, and automated assembly of complex devices, primarily for pharmaceutical, diagnostic, and medical device customers.
The Chief Operating Decision Maker ("CODM") is the Chief Executive Officer. The CODM evaluates the performance of our segments based upon, among other things, segment net sales and segment operating profit. Segment operating profit excludes general corporate costs, which include executive and director compensation, stock-based compensation, certain pension and other retirement benefit costs, and other corporate facilities and administrative expenses not allocated to the segments. Also excluded are items that the CODM considers not representative of ongoing operations. Such items are referred to as other unallocated items and generally include restructuring and related charges, certain asset impairments and other specifically-identified income or expense items. The segment operating profit metric is what the CODM uses in evaluating our results of operations and the financial measure that provides a valuable insight into our overall performance and financial position. The CODM considers budget-to-actual variances and variances against prior years within segment operating profit when making decisions about allocating resources to the segments.
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The following table presents information about our reportable segments, reconciled to consolidated totals:

| Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
($ in millions) | 2025 |  | 2024 |  | 2025 |  | 2024
Net sales: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Proprietary Products | $ | 647.5 |  |  | $ | 601.4 |  |  | $ | 1,830.3 |  |  | $ | 1,720.6 |
Contract-Manufactured Products | 157.1 |  |  | 145.5 |  |  | 438.8 |  |  | 423.8 |
Consolidated net sales | $ | 804.6 |  |  | $ | 746.9 |  |  | $ | 2,269.1 |  |  | $ | 2,144.4 |

The following tables provide summarized financial information for our two reportable segments and corporate and unallocated:

($ in millions) | September 30, 2025 |  | December 31, 2024
Assets |
Proprietary Products | $ | 2,989.3 |  |  | $ | 2,621.1 |
Contract-Manufactured Products | 685.9 |  |  | 612.2 |
Corporate and Unallocated (1) | 430.6 |  |  | 410.1 |
Total consolidated | $ | 4,105.8 |  |  | $ | 3,643.4 |

(1) Corporate and unallocated assets primarily include investments in affiliated companies, cash and cash equivalents, property, plant and equipment used in our corporate operations and deferred income taxes.

($ in millions) | Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
Depreciation and Amortization | 2025 |  | 2024 |  | 2025 |  | 2024
Proprietary Products | $ | 35.1 |  |  | $ | 33.8 |  |  | $ | 101.5 |  |  | $ | 96.8 |
Contract-Manufactured Products | 7.1 |  |  | 5.5 |  |  | 20.3 |  |  | 15.1 |
Corporate and Unallocated | 0.8 |  |  | 0.9 |  |  | 2.6 |  |  | 2.8 |
Total consolidated | $ | 43.0 |  |  | $ | 40.2 |  |  | $ | 124.4 |  |  | $ | 114.7 |

($ in millions) | Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
Capital Expenditures | 2025 |  | 2024 |  | 2025 |  | 2024
Proprietary Products | $ | 47.7 |  |  | $ | 47.8 |  |  | $ | 148.1 |  |  | $ | 167.4 |
Contract-Manufactured Products | 13.6 |  |  | 30.0 |  |  | 57.2 |  |  | 96.8 |
Corporate and Unallocated | 2.0 |  |  | 3.5 |  |  | 4.5 |  |  | 7.9 |
Total consolidated | $ | 63.3 |  |  | $ | 81.3 |  |  | $ | 209.8 |  |  | $ | 272.1 |

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The following table provides summarized financial information for our segments:

| Three months ended September 30, 2025 |  | Three months ended September 30, 2024
($ in millions) | Proprietary Products |  | Contract-Manufactured Products |  | Total |  | Proprietary Products |  | Contract-Manufactured Products |  | Total
Net sales | $ | 647.5 |  |  | $ | 157.1 |  |  | $ | 804.6 |  |  | $ | 601.4 |  |  | $ | 145.5 |  |  | $ | 746.9 |
Cost of goods and services sold | 383.5 |  |  | 126.8 |  |  |  |  | 365.7 |  |  | 116.5 |  |  |
Research and development | 17.1 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | 15.5 |  |  | — |  |  |
Selling, general and administrative expenses | 65.6 |  |  | 7.5 |  |  |  |  | 56.6 |  |  | 6.7 |  |  |
Other segment expense (income)(4) | 6.1 |  |  | 0.5 |  |  |  |  | 5.4 |  |  | 0.5 |  |  |
Segment operating profit | $ | 175.2 |  |  | $ | 22.3 |  |  | $ | 197.5 |  |  | $ | 158.2 |  |  | $ | 21.8 |  |  | $ | 180.0 |
Reconciliation of profit or loss: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Stock-based compensation |  |  |  |  | (8.4) |  |  |  |  |  |  | (5.1) |
Corporate general costs(1) |  |  |  |  | (19.0) |  |  |  |  |  |  | (14.3) |
Unallocated items: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Restructuring and related charges(2) |  |  |  |  | (2.5) |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.9 |
Amortization of acquisition-related intangible assets(3) |  |  |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  | (0.2) |
Total consolidated operating profit |  |  |  |  | 167.6 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 161.3 |
Interest (income) expense and other nonoperating expense (income), net |  |  |  |  | (4.3) |  |  |  |  |  |  | (3.2) |
Income before income taxes and equity in net income of affiliated companies |  |  |  |  | $ | 171.9 |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 164.5 |

| Nine Months Ended September 30, 2025 |  | Nine months ended September 30, 2024
($ in millions) | Proprietary Products |  | Contract-Manufactured Products |  | Total |  | Proprietary Products |  | Contract-Manufactured Products |  | Total
Net sales | $ | 1,830.3 |  |  | $ | 438.8 |  |  | $ | 2,269.1 |  |  | $ | 1,720.6 |  |  | $ | 423.8 |  |  | $ | 2,144.4 |
Cost of goods and services sold | 1,107.8 |  |  | 361.2 |  |  |  |  | 1,070.8 |  |  | 348.7 |  |  |
Research and development | 52.5 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  | 50.6 |  |  | — |  |  |
Selling, general and administrative expenses | 187.4 |  |  | 22.1 |  |  |  |  | 173.4 |  |  | 19.1 |  |  |
Other segment expense (income)(4) | 15.1 |  |  | 1.9 |  |  |  |  | 10.3 |  |  | (0.1) |  |  |
Segment operating profit | $ | 467.5 |  |  | $ | 53.6 |  |  | $ | 521.1 |  |  | $ | 415.5 |  |  | $ | 56.1 |  |  | $ | 471.6 |
Reconciliation of profit or loss: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Stock-based compensation |  |  |  |  | (17.1) |  |  |  |  |  |  | (14.4) |
Corporate general costs(1) |  |  |  |  | (53.6) |  |  |  |  |  |  | (47.2) |
Unallocated items: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Restructuring and related charges(2) |  |  |  |  | (21.9) |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.9 |
Amortization of acquisition-related intangible assets(3) |  |  |  |  | (0.2) |  |  |  |  |  |  | (0.6) |
Total consolidated operating profit |  |  |  |  | 428.3 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 410.3 |
Interest (income) expense and other nonoperating expense (income), net |  |  |  |  | (11.1) |  |  |  |  |  |  | (10.3) |
Income before income taxes and equity in net income of affiliated companies |  |  |  |  | $ | 439.4 |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 420.6 |

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(1) Corporate general costs includes executive and director compensation, certain pension and other retirement benefit costs, and other corporate facilities and administrative expenses not allocated to the segments.
(2) During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, the Company recorded charges of $2.5 million and $21.9 million, respectively, related to restructuring programs. The Company recorded $0.9 million and $17.5 million in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, respectively, of these charges within other expense (income), related to severance and acceleration of depreciation and lease costs in connection with the Company's 2025 restructuring plan. The remaining $1.6 million and $4.4 million, respectively, of expense, recorded within selling, general and administrative expenses, relates to our plan to optimize the legal structure of the Company and its subsidiaries. Restructuring and other charges were a net benefit of $0.9 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024. The net benefit represented the impact of two items, the first of which is a $2.5 million benefit recorded within other expense (income) related to revised severance estimates in connection with the Company's 2022 restructuring plan. This benefit was partially offset by $1.6 million of expense recorded within selling, general and administrative expenses, related to our plan to optimize the legal structure of the Company and its subsidiaries. Please refer to Note 14, Other Expense (Income), for further discussion of this item.
(3) During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, we recorded $0.0 million and $0.2 million, and $0.2 million and $0.6 million, respectively, of amortization expense within operating profit associated with an intangible asset acquired during the second quarter of 2020.
(4) Other segment expense (income) primarily includes foreign exchange transaction gains and losses, adjustments to contingent consideration and asset impairments attributable to the segments during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024.
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ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
OVERVIEW
The following discussion is intended to further the reader’s understanding of the consolidated financial condition and results of operations of our Company. It should be read in conjunction with our condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (“Form 10-Q”) as well as Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations and the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes included in our 2024 Annual Report. Our historical financial statements may not be indicative of our future performance. This Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations contains a number of forward-looking statements, all of which are based on our current expectations and could be affected by the uncertainties and risks discussed in Part I, Item 1A of our 2024 Annual Report and in Part II, Item 1A of this Form 10-Q.
Throughout this section, references to “Notes” refer to the notes to our condensed consolidated financial statements (unaudited) in Part I, Item 1 of this Form 10-Q, unless otherwise indicated.
Non-U.S. GAAP Financial Measures
For the purpose of aiding the comparison of our year-over-year results, we may refer to net sales and other financial results excluding the effects of changes in foreign currency exchange rates. Organic net sales exclude the impact from acquisitions and/or divestitures and translate the current-period reported sales of subsidiaries whose functional currency is other than USD at the applicable foreign exchange rates in effect during the comparable prior-year period. We may also refer to adjusted consolidated operating profit and adjusted consolidated operating profit margin, which exclude the effects of unallocated items. The unallocated items are not representative of ongoing operations, and generally include restructuring and related charges, certain asset impairments, and other specifically-identified income or expense items. The re-measured results excluding effects from currency translation, the impact from acquisitions and/or divestitures, and excluding the effects of unallocated items are not in conformity with U.S. GAAP and should not be used as a substitute for the comparable U.S. GAAP financial measures. The non-U.S. GAAP financial measures are incorporated in our discussion and analysis as management uses them in evaluating our results of operations and believes that this information provides users with a valuable insight into our overall performance and financial position.
Our Operations
We are a leading global manufacturer in the design and production of technologically advanced, high-quality, integrated containment and delivery systems for injectable drugs and healthcare products. Our products include a variety of primary proprietary packaging, containment solutions, reconstitution and transfer systems, and drug delivery systems, as well as contract manufacturing, analytical lab services and integrated solutions. Our customers include leading biologic, generic, pharmaceutical, diagnostic, and medical device companies around the world. Our top priority is delivering quality products that meet the exact product specifications and quality standards customers require and expect. This focus on quality includes a commitment to excellence in manufacturing, scientific and technical expertise and management, which enables us to partner with our customers in order to deliver safe, effective drug products to patients quickly and efficiently.
Our business operations are organized into two global segments, Proprietary Products and Contract-Manufactured Products. Our Proprietary Products reportable segment offers proprietary packaging, containment solutions and drug delivery systems, along with analytical lab services and other integrated services and solutions, primarily to biologic, generic and pharmaceutical drug customers. Our Contract-Manufactured Products reportable segment serves as a fully integrated business, focused on the design, manufacture, and automated assembly of complex devices, primarily for pharmaceutical, diagnostic, and medical device customers. We also maintain collaborations to share technologies and market products with affiliates in Japan and Mexico.
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Macroeconomic Factors
In recent months, the U.S. government has imposed additional tariffs and trade restrictions on certain goods produced outside of the United States. In response to these actions, certain jurisdictions in which we operate have imposed or are considering imposing tariffs and restrictions on certain goods produced in the United States. We continue to monitor this dynamic situation to assess the impact of these tariffs on our business and actions we can take to minimize their impact. Based on the information available at this time, we do not believe the impact will be material to our 2025 results.
We have operations based in Israel that conduct research and development activities and manufacture certain components for our devices. Our Israel-based facilities continue to substantially operate as they had prior to the conflict in Israel and surrounding area. We continue to monitor the impact of the conflict in Israel and surrounding areas on our operations and those of our suppliers, the possible expansion of such conflict and potential geopolitical consequences, if any, on our business and operations.
Financial Performance Summary
The following tables present a reconciliation from U.S. GAAP to non-U.S. GAAP financial measures for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025:

($ in millions, except per share data) | Operating Profit |  | Income tax expense |  | Net income |  | Diluted EPS
Three months ended September 30, 2025 U.S. GAAP | $ | 167.6 |  |  | $ | 34.0 |  |  | $ | 140.0 |  |  | $ | 1.92 |
Unallocated items: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Restructuring and other charges (1) | 2.5 |  |  | 0.6 |  |  | 2.0 |  |  | 0.03 |
Amortization of acquisition-related intangible assets (2) | — |  |  | — |  |  | 0.4 |  |  | 0.01 |
Three months ended September 30, 2025 adjusted amounts (non-U.S. GAAP) | $ | 170.1 |  |  | $ | 34.6 |  |  | $ | 142.4 |  |  | $ | 1.96 |

($ in millions, except per share data) | Operating profit |  | Income tax expense |  | Net income |  | Diluted EPS
Nine months ended September 30, 2025 U.S. GAAP | $ | 428.3 |  |  | $ | 88.3 |  |  | $ | 361.6 |  |  | $ | 4.97 |
Unallocated items: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Restructuring and other charges (1) | 21.9 |  |  | 3.0 |  |  | 19.0 |  |  | 0.26 |
Amortization of acquisition-related intangible assets (2) | 0.2 |  |  | — |  |  | 1.5 |  |  | 0.02 |
Nine months ended September 30, 2025 adjusted amounts (non-U.S. GAAP) | $ | 450.4 |  |  | $ | 91.3 |  |  | $ | 382.1 |  |  | $ | 5.25 |

During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, we recorded a tax benefit of $1.0 million and $3.9 million respectively, associated with stock-based compensation.
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The following tables present a reconciliation from U.S. GAAP to non-U.S. GAAP financial measures for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024:

($ in millions, except per share data) | Operating Profit |  | Income tax expense |  | Net income |  | Diluted EPS
Three months ended September 30, 2024 U.S. GAAP | $ | 161.3 |  |  | $ | 32.4 |  |  | $ | 136.0 |  |  | $ | 1.85 |
Unallocated items: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Restructuring and other charges (1) | (0.9) |  |  | (0.3) |  |  | (0.6) |  |  | (0.01) |
Amortization of acquisition-related intangible assets (2) | 0.2 |  |  | 0.1 |  |  | 0.7 |  |  | 0.01 |
Three months ended September 30, 2024 adjusted amounts (non-U.S. GAAP) | $ | 160.6 |  |  | $ | 32.2 |  |  | $ | 136.1 |  |  | $ | 1.85 |

($ in millions, except per share data) | Operating Profit |  | Income tax expense |  | Net income |  | Diluted EPS
Nine months ended September 30, 2024 U.S. GAAP | $ | 410.3 |  |  | $ | 70.7 |  |  | $ | 362.6 |  |  | $ | 4.91 |
Unallocated items: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Restructuring and other charges (1) | (0.9) |  |  | (0.3) |  |  | (0.6) |  |  | (0.01) |
Amortization of acquisition-related intangible assets (2) | 0.6 |  |  | 0.1 |  |  | 2.1 |  |  | 0.03 |
Nine months ended September 30, 2024 adjusted amounts (non-U.S. GAAP) | $ | 410.0 |  |  | $ | 70.5 |  |  | $ | 364.1 |  |  | $ | 4.93 |

During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, we recorded a tax benefit of $2.7 million and $19.3 million, respectively, associated with stock-based compensation.
(1)During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, the Company recorded charges of $2.5 million and $21.9 million, respectively, related to restructuring programs. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, the Company recorded $0.9 million and $17.5 million, respectively, of the charges within other expense (income), related to severance and acceleration of depreciation and lease costs in connection with the Company's 2025 restructuring plan. The Company recorded the remaining $1.6 million and $4.4 million, respectively, within selling, general and administrative expenses, related to our plan to optimize the legal structure of the Company and its subsidiaries. Restructuring and other charges were a net benefit of $0.9 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024. The net benefit represented the impact of two items, the first of which is a $2.5 million benefit recorded within other expense (income) related to revised severance estimates in connection with the Company's 2022 restructuring plan. This benefit was partially offset by $1.6 million of expense recorded within selling, general and administrative expenses, related to our plan to optimize the legal structure of the Company and its subsidiaries.
(2)During the nine months ended September 30, 2025, the Company recorded $0.2 million of amortization expense within operating profit associated with an intangible asset acquired during the second quarter of 2020. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, the Company recorded $0.4 million and $1.3 million, respectively, of amortization expense in association with an acquisition of increased ownership interest in Daikyo. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, the Company recorded $0.2 million and $0.6 million, respectively, of amortization expense within operating profit associated with an intangible asset acquired during the second quarter of 2020. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, the Company recorded $0.6 million and $1.6 million, respectively, of amortization expense in association with an acquisition of increased ownership interest in Daikyo.
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RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
We evaluate the performance of our segments based upon, among other things, segment net sales and operating profit. Segment operating profit excludes general corporate costs, which include executive and director compensation, stock-based compensation, certain pension and other retirement benefit costs, and other corporate facilities and administrative expenses not allocated to the segments. Also excluded are items that we consider not representative of ongoing operations. Such items are referred to as other unallocated items for which further information can be found above in the reconciliation from U.S. GAAP to non-U.S. GAAP financial measures.
Percentages in the following tables and throughout the Results of Operations section may reflect rounding adjustments.
Net Sales
The following table presents net sales, consolidated and by reportable segment, for the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024:

| Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Percentage Change
($ in millions) | 2025 |  | 2024 |  | As-Reported |  | Organic
Proprietary Products | $ | 647.5 |  |  | $ | 601.4 |  |  | 7.7 | % |  | 5.1 | %
Contract-Manufactured Products | 157.1 |  |  | 145.5 |  |  | 8.0 | % |  | 4.9 | %
Consolidated net sales | $ | 804.6 |  |  | $ | 746.9 |  |  | 7.7 | % |  | 5.0 | %

Consolidated net sales increased by $57.7 million, or 7.7%, for the three months ended September 30, 2025, as compared to the same period in 2024, including a favorable foreign currency translation impact of $20.1 million. Excluding foreign currency translation effects, consolidated net sales for the three months ended September 30, 2025 increased by $37.6 million, or 5.0%, as compared to the same period in 2024.
Proprietary Products – Proprietary Products net sales increased by $46.1 million, or 7.7%, for the three months ended September 30, 2025, as compared to the same period in 2024, including a favorable foreign currency translation impact of $15.7 million. Excluding foreign currency translation effects, net sales for the three months ended September 30, 2025 increased by $30.4 million, or 5.1%, as compared to the same period in 2024, due primarily to an increase in sales of Westar®, Envision® and NovaBrand products. These increases were partially offset by a decline in sales of self-injection device platforms and approximately $19 million in customer incentives received in connection with volumes achieved during the three months ended September 30, 2024 that were not repeated in the same period in 2025.
Contract-Manufactured Products – Contract-Manufactured Products net sales increased by $11.6 million, or 8.0%, for the three months ended September 30, 2025, as compared to the same period in 2024, including a favorable foreign currency translation impact of $4.4 million. Excluding foreign currency translation effects, net sales for the three months ended September 30, 2025 increased by $7.2 million, or 4.9%, as compared to the same period in 2024, due primarily to an increase in sales of self-injection devices for obesity and diabetes, partially offset by a decrease in sales of healthcare diagnostic devices.
The following table presents net sales, consolidated and by reportable segment, for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024:

| Nine Months Ended September 30, |  | Percentage Change
($ in millions) | 2025 |  | 2024 |  | As-Reported |  | Organic
Proprietary Products | $ | 1,830.3 |  |  | $ | 1,720.6 |  |  | 6.4 | % |  | 5.3 | %
Contract-Manufactured Products | 438.8 |  |  | 423.8 |  |  | 3.5 | % |  | 2.1 | %
Consolidated net sales | $ | 2,269.1 |  |  | $ | 2,144.4 |  |  | 5.8 | % |  | 4.7 | %

Consolidated net sales increased by $124.7 million, or 5.8%, for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, as compared to the same period in 2024, including a favorable foreign currency translation impact of $24.9 million.
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Excluding foreign currency translation effects, consolidated net sales for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 increased by $99.8 million, or 4.7%, as compared to the same period in 2024.
Proprietary Products – Proprietary Products net sales increased by $109.7 million, or 6.4%, for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, as compared to the same period in 2024, including a favorable foreign currency translation impact of $18.8 million. Excluding foreign currency translation effects, net sales for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 increased by $90.9 million, or 5.3%, as compared to the same period in 2024, due primarily to an increase in sales of Westar®, NovaBrand and Envision® products. These increases were partially offset by a decline in sales of FluroTec® products and approximately $22 million in customer incentives received in connection with volumes achieved during the nine months ended September 30, 2024 that were not repeated in the same period in 2025.
Contract-Manufactured Products – Contract-Manufactured Products net sales increased by $15.0 million, or 3.5%, for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, as compared to the same period in 2024, including a favorable foreign currency translation impact of $6.1 million. Excluding foreign currency translation effects, net sales for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 increased by $8.9 million, or 2.1%, as compared to the same period in 2024, due primarily to an increase in sales of self-injection devices for obesity and diabetes, partially offset by a decrease in sales of healthcare diagnostic devices.
Gross Profit
The following table presents gross profit and related gross profit margins, consolidated and by reportable segment:

| Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
($ in millions) | 2025 |  | 2024 |  | 2025 |  | 2024
Proprietary Products: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Gross profit | $ | 264.0 |  |  | $ | 235.7 |  |  | $ | 722.5 |  |  | $ | 649.8 |
Gross profit margin | 40.8 | % |  | 39.2 | % |  | 39.5 | % |  | 37.8 | %
Contract-Manufactured Products: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Gross profit | $ | 30.3 |  |  | $ | 29.0 |  |  | $ | 77.6 |  |  | $ | 75.1 |
Gross profit margin | 19.3 | % |  | 19.9 | % |  | 17.7 | % |  | 17.7 | %
Consolidated gross profit | $ | 294.3 |  |  | $ | 264.7 |  |  | $ | 800.1 |  |  | $ | 724.9 |
Consolidated gross profit margin | 36.6 | % |  | 35.4 | % |  | 35.3 | % |  | 33.8 | %

Consolidated gross profit increased by $29.6 million, or 11.2%, for the three months ended September 30, 2025, as compared to the same period in 2024, including a favorable foreign currency translation impact of $8.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2025, as compared to the same period in 2024. Consolidated gross profit margin increased by 1.2 margin points for the three months ended September 30, 2025, as compared to the same period in 2024.
Consolidated gross profit increased by $75.2 million, or 10.4%, for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, as compared to the same period in 2024, including a favorable foreign currency translation impact of $11.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, as compared to the same period in 2024. Consolidated gross profit margin increased by 1.5 margin points for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, as compared to the same period in 2024.
Proprietary Products - Proprietary Products gross profit increased by $28.3 million, or 12.0%, for the three months ended September 30, 2025, as compared to the same period in 2024, including a favorable foreign currency translation impact of $7.8 million. Proprietary Products gross profit margin increased by 1.6 margin points for the three months ended September 30, 2025, as compared to the same periods in 2024, due primarily to higher plant absorption from increased customer demand and sales price increases. These increases were partially offset by approximately $19 million in customer incentives received in connection with volumes achieved during the three months ended September 30, 2024 that were not repeated in the same period in 2025.
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Proprietary Products gross profit increased by $72.7 million, or 11.2%, for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, as compared to the same period in 2024, including a favorable foreign currency translation impact of $10.7 million. Proprietary Products gross profit margin increased by 1.7 margin points for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, as compared to the same periods in 2024, due primarily to higher plant absorption from increased customer demand and sales price increases. These increases were partially offset by approximately $22 million in customer incentives received in connection with volumes achieved during the nine months ended September 30, 2024 that were not repeated in the same period in 2025.
Contract-Manufactured Products - Contract-Manufactured Products gross profit increased by $1.3 million, or 4.5%, for the three months ended September 30, 2025, as compared to the same period in 2024, including a favorable f oreign currency translation impact of $0.8 million. Contract-Manufactured Products gross profit margin decreased by 0.6 margin points for the three months ended September 30, 2025, as compared to the same period in 2024, due primarily to increased production costs, partially offset by sales price increases.
Contract-Manufactured Products gross profit increased by $2.5 million, or 3.3%, for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, as compared to the same period in 2024, including a favorable fo reign currency translation impact of $1.1 million. Contract-Manufactured Products gross profit margin remained flat in the nine months ended September 30, 2025, as compared to the same period in 2024.
Research and Development (“R&D”) Costs
The following table presents consolidated R&D costs:

| Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
($ in millions) | 2025 |  | 2024 |  | 2025 |  | 2024
Consolidated R&D costs | $ | 17.1 |  |  | $ | 15.5 |  |  | $ | 52.5 |  |  | $ | 50.6 |

Consolidated R&D costs increased by $1.6 million, or 10.3%, and $1.9 million, or 3.8% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, respectively, as compared to the same period in 2024. Efforts remain focused on the continued investment in elastomeric packaging components, formulation development, drug containment systems, self-injection systems and drug administration consumable.
All of the R&D costs incurred in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 related to Proprietary Products.
Selling, General and Administrative (“SG&A”) Costs
The following table presents SG&A costs, consolidated and by reportable segment and corporate and unallocated items:

| Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
($ in millions) | 2025 |  | 2024 |  | 2025 |  | 2024
Proprietary Products | $ | 65.6 |  |  | $ | 56.6 |  |  | $ | 187.4 |  |  | $ | 173.4 |
Contract-Manufactured Products | 7.5 |  |  | 6.7 |  |  | 22.1 |  |  | 19.1 |
Corporate and unallocated items | 29.6 |  |  | 20.2 |  |  | 77.1 |  |  | 60.7 |
Consolidated SG&A costs | $ | 102.7 |  |  | $ | 83.5 |  |  | $ | 286.6 |  |  | $ | 253.2 |
SG&A as a % of net sales | 12.8 | % |  | 11.2 | % |  | 12.6 | % |  | 11.8 | %

Consolidated SG&A costs increased by $19.2 million, or 23.0%, for the three months ended September 30, 2025, as compared to the same period in 2024, including an unfavorable foreign currency translation impact of $1.2 million, due primarily to higher annual incentive compensation, increased salary and wages and increased expense related to stock-based compensation.
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Consolidated SG&A costs increased by $33.4 million, or 13.2%, for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, as compared to the same period in 2024, including an unfavorable foreign currency translation impact of $1.3 million, due primarily to higher annual incentive compensation and increased salary and wages, partially offset by decreased costs related to professional services.
Proprietary Products - Proprietary Products SG&A costs increased by $9.0 million, or 15.9%, for the three months ended September 30, 2025, as compared to the same period in 2024, including an unfavorable foreign currency translation impact of $1.1 million. Proprietary Products SG&A costs increased due primarily to higher annual incentive compensation and increased salary and wages, partially offset by decreased costs related to professional services.
Proprietary Products SG&A costs increased by $14.0 million, or 8.1%, for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, as compared to the same period in 2024, including an unfavorable foreign currency translation impact of $1.1 million. Proprietary Products SG&A costs increased due primarily to higher annual incentive compensation and increased salary and wages, partially offset by decreased costs related to professional services.
Contract-Manufactured Products - Contract-Manufactured Products SG&A costs increased by $0.8 million, or 11.9%, for the three months ended September 30, 2025, as compared to the same period in 2024, including an unfavorable foreign currency translation impact of $0.1 million, due primarily to higher annual incentive compensation and increased salary and wages.
Contract-Manufactured Products SG&A costs increased by $3.0 million, or 15.7%, for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, as compared to the same period in 2024, including an unfavorable foreign currency translation impact of $0.2 million, due primarily to increased salary and wages and higher annual incentive compensation.
Corporate and unallocated items - Corporate SG&A costs increased by $9.4 million, or 46.5%, for the three months ended September 30, 2025, as compared to the same period in 2024, due primarily to an increase in expense related to stock-based compensation, higher annual incentive compensation and increased salary and wages.
Corporate SG&A costs increased by $16.4 million, or 27.0%, for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, as compared to the same period in 2024, due primarily to expenses in connection with a plan to optimize the legal structure of the Company and its subsidiaries, higher annual incentive compensation, increased expense related to stock-based compensation and increased costs related to professional services.
Other Expense (Income)
The following table presents other income and expense items, consolidated and by reportable segment, corporate and unallocated items:

Expense (Income) | Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
($ in millions) | 2025 |  | 2024 |  | 2025 |  | 2024
Proprietary Products | $ | 6.1 |  |  | $ | 5.4 |  |  | $ | 15.1 |  |  | $ | 10.3 |
Contract-Manufactured Products | 0.5 |  |  | 0.5 |  |  | 1.9 |  |  | (0.1) |
Corporate and unallocated | 0.3 |  |  | (1.5) |  |  | 15.7 |  |  | 0.6 |
Consolidated other expense (income) | $ | 6.9 |  |  | $ | 4.4 |  |  | $ | 32.7 |  |  | $ | 10.8 |

Other expense and income items consist of restructuring and related charges, foreign exchange transaction gains and losses, contingent consideration, asset impairments and miscellaneous income and charges.
Consolidated other expense (income) changed by $2.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2025, as compared to the same period in 2024, and changed by $21.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, as compared to the same period in 2024, due to the factors described below.
Proprietary Products - Proprietary Products other expense (income) changed by $0.7 million for the three months ended September 30, 2025, as compared to the same period in 2024, due primarily to increased contingent consideration expense being recorded in the three months ended September 30, 2025, as compared to the same period in 2024.
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Proprietary Products other expense (income) changed by $4.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, as compared to the same period in 2024, due primarily to increased contingent consideration expense being recorded in the nine months ended September 30, 2025, as compared to the same period in 2024.
Contract-Manufa ctured Products - Contract-Manufactured Products other expense (income) remained flat in the three months ended September 30, 2025, as compared to the same period in 2024.
Contract-Manufactured Products other expense (income) changed by $2.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, as compared to the same period in 2024, due primarily to increased foreign exchange losses in the nine months ended September 30, 2025, as compared to the same period in 2024.
Corporate and unallocated items - Corporate and unallocated items changed by $1.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2025, as compared to the same period in 2024, due primarily to the Company recording expense of $0.9 million to related to restructuring and other charges during the three months ended September 30, 2025, as compared to a net benefit of $2.5 million during the same period in 2024.
Corporate and unallocated items changed by $15.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, as compared to the same period in 2024, due primarily to the Company recording expense of $17.5 million related to restructuring and other charges in the nine months ended September 30, 2025, as compared to a net benefit of $2.5 million during the same period in 2024.
Operating Profit
The following table presents adjusted operating profit, consolidated and by reportable segment, corporate and unallocated items:

| Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
($ in millions) | 2025 |  | 2024 |  | 2025 |  | 2024
Proprietary Products | $ | 175.2 |  |  | $ | 158.2 |  |  | $ | 467.5 |  |  | $ | 415.5 |
Contract-Manufactured Products | 22.3 |  |  | 21.8 |  |  | 53.6 |  |  | 56.1 |
Corporate and unallocated items | (29.9) |  |  | (18.7) |  |  | (92.8) |  |  | (61.3) |
Consolidated operating profit | $ | 167.6 |  |  | $ | 161.3 |  |  | $ | 428.3 |  |  | $ | 410.3 |
Consolidated operating profit margin | 20.8 | % |  | 21.6 | % |  | 18.9 | % |  | 19.1 | %
Unallocated items | 2.5 |  |  | (0.7) |  |  | 22.1 |  |  | (0.3) |
Adjusted consolidated operating profit | $ | 170.1 |  |  | $ | 160.6 |  |  | $ | 450.4 |  |  | $ | 410.0 |
Adjusted consolidated operating profit margin | 21.1 | % |  | 21.5 | % |  | 19.8 | % |  | 19.1 | %

Consolidated operating profit increased by $6.3 million, or 3.9%, for the three months ended September 30, 2025, as compared to the same period in 2024, including a favorable foreign currency translation impact of $7.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2025, as compared to the same period in 2024.
Consolidated operating profit increased by $18.0 million, or 4.4%, for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, as compared to the same period in 2024, including a favorable foreign currency translation impact of $10.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, as compared to the same period in 2024.
Proprietary Products - Proprietary Products operating profit increased by $17.0 million, or 10.7%, for the three months ended September 30, 2025, as compared to the same period in 2024, including a favorable foreign currency translation impa ct of $6.6 million, due to the factors described above, most no tably higher plant absorption from increased customer demand and sales price increases.
Proprietary Products operating profit increased by $52.0 million, or 12.5%, for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, as compared to the same period in 2024, including a favorable foreign currency translation impact of $9.6 million, due to the factors described above, most notably higher plant absorption from increased customer demand and sales price increases.
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Contract-Manufactured Produ cts - Contract-Manufactured Products operating profit increased by $0.5 million, or 2.3%, for the three months ended September 30, 2025, as compared to the same period in 2024, including a favorable foreign currency translation impact of $0.7 million, due to the factors described abov e.
Contract-Manufactured Products operating profit decreased by $2.5 million, or 4.5%, for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, as compared to the same period in 2024, including a favorable foreign currency translation impact of $0.9 million, due to the factors described above, most notably increased salary and wages.
Corporate and unallocated - Excluding the unallocated items, Corporate costs increased by $8.0 million, or 41.2%, for the three months ended September 30, 2025, as compared to the same period in 2024, due to the factors described above, most not ably the increase in expense related to stock-based compensation.
Excluding the unallocated items, Corporate costs increased by $9.1 million, or 14.8%, for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, as compared to the same period in 2024, due to the factors described above, most notably the higher annual incentive compensation.
For unallocated items, please refer to the Financial Performance Summary section above for details.
Interest Expense, Net and Interest Income
The following table presents interest expense, net, by significant component:

| Three Months Ended September 30, |  | Nine Months Ended September 30,
($ in millions) | 2025 |  | 2024 |  | 2025 |  | 2024
Interest expense | $ | 4.2 |  |  | $ | 5.0 |  |  | $ | 12.5 |  |  | $ | 12.2 |
Capitalized interest | (4.0) |  |  | (4.3) |  |  | (11.8) |  |  | (8.4) |
Interest expense, net | $ | 0.2 |  |  | $ | 0.7 |  |  | $ | 0.7 |  |  | $ | 3.8 |
Interest income | $ | (4.7) |  |  | $ | (4.6) |  |  | $ | (12.4) |  |  | $ | (14.8) |

Interest expense, net, decreased by $0.5 million, for the three months ended September 30, 2025, as compared to the same period in 2024, due primarily to a decline in interest rates in 2025, as compared to the same periods in 2024. Interest expense, net, decreased by $3.1 million, for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, as compared to the same period in 2024, due primarily to an increase in capitalized interest.
Interest income increased by $0.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2025, as compared to the same period in 2024. Interest income decreased by $2.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, as compared to the same period in 2024, due primarily to a decline in interest rates in 2025, as compared to the same periods in 2024.
Other Nonoperating Expense (Income)
Other nonoperating expense (income) was $0.2 million and $0.7 million for the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively, and $0.6 million and $0.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively.
Income Tax Expense
The provision for income taxes was $34.0 million and $32.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively, and the effective tax rate was 19.8% and 19.7%, respectively.
The provision for income taxes was $88.3 million and $70.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively, and the effective tax rate was 20.1% and 16.8%, respectively. The increase in the effective tax rate is due primarily to a decrease in the tax benefit related to stock-based compensation in the nine months ended September 30, 2025 as compared to the same period in 2024.
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Equity in Net Income of Affiliated Companies
Equity in net income of affiliated companies was $2.1 million and $3.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. Equity in net income of affiliated companies decreased by $1.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2025, as compared to the same period in 2024, due primarily to less favorable operating results at Daikyo and the Mexico affiliates.
Equity in net income of affiliated companies was $10.5 million and $12.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. Equity in net income of affiliated companies decreased by $2.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, as compared to the same period in 2024, due primarily to less favorable operating results at Daikyo, partially offset by more favorable operating results at the Mexico affiliates.
FINANCIAL CONDITION, LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
Cash Flows
The following table presents cash flow data for the nine months ended September 30:

($ in millions) | 2025 |  | 2024
Net cash provided by operating activities | $ | 503.7 |  |  | $ | 463.3 |
Net cash used in investing activities | $ | (209.8) |  |  | $ | (273.9) |
Net cash used in financing activities | $ | (173.4) |  |  | $ | (553.7) |

Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities – Net cash provided by operating activities increased by $40.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, as compared to the same period in 2024, due primarily to favorable working capital management.
Net Cash Used in Investing Activities – Net cash used in investing activities decreased by $64.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, as compared to the same period in 2024, due primarily to a decrease in capital expenditures.
Net Cash Used in Financing Activities – Net cash used in financing activities decreased by $380.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, as compared to the same period in 2024, due primarily to a decrease in purchases under our share repurchase programs.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
The table below presents selected liquidity and capital measures:

($ in millions) | September 30, 2025 |  | December 31, 2024
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 628.5 |  |  | $ | 484.6 |
Accounts receivable, net | $ | 625.0 |  |  | $ | 552.5 |
Inventories | $ | 438.0 |  |  | $ | 377.0 |
Accounts payable | $ | 255.8 |  |  | $ | 239.3 |
Debt | $ | 202.7 |  |  | $ | 202.6 |
Equity | $ | 3,051.5 |  |  | $ | 2,682.3 |
Working capital | $ | 1,187.9 |  |  | $ | 987.7 |

Cash and cash equivalents include all instruments that have maturities of ninety days or less when purchased. Working capital is defined as current assets less current liabilities.
Cash and cash equivalents – Our cash and cash equivalents balance at September 30, 2025 consisted of cash held in depository accounts with banks around the world and cash invested in high-quality, short-term investments. The cash and cash equivalents balance at September 30, 2025 included $96.6 million of cash held by subsidiaries within the U.S., and $531.9 million of cash held by subsidiaries outside of the U.S. During the nine months ended September 30, 2025, we purchased 552,593 shares of our common stock under the share repurchase program at a cost of $134.0 million, or an average price of $242.55 per share.
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Working capital – Working capital at September 30, 2025 increased by $200.2 million, or 20.3%, as compared to December 31, 2024, which includes a favorable foreign currency translation impact of $48.8 million. Excluding the impact of currency exchange rates, cash and cash equivalents, total current liabilities, accounts receivable and inventories increased by $118.8 million, $53.9 million, $43.4 million and $36.4 million, respectively.
The increase in cash and cash equivalents was due to cash from operations, partially offset by share repurchases and capital expenditures during the nine months ended September 30, 2025. The increase in total current liabilities was driven by increases in our annual incentives and short-term hedge liabilities. The increase in accounts receivable was due to increased net sales leading up to the September 30, 2025 balance sheet date as compared to the December 31, 2024 balance sheet date. The increase in inventories was to ensure we have sufficient inventory on hand to support the needs of our customers.
Debt and credit facilities – The total debt balance of $202.7 million at September 30, 2025 increased $0.1 million from the total debt balance at December 31, 2024.
Our sources of liquidity include our multi-currency revolving credit facility. At September 30, 2025, we had no outstanding borrowings under the multi-currency revolving credit facility. At September 30, 2025, the borrowing capacity available under the multi-currency revolving credit facility, including outstanding letters of credit of $2.3 million, was $497.7 million. We do not expect any significant limitations on our ability to access this source of funds.
Pursuant to the financial covenants in our debt agreements, we are required to maintain established interest coverage ratios and not to exceed established leverage ratios. In addition, the agreements contain other customary covenants, none of which we consider restrictive to our operations. At September 30, 2025, we were in compliance with all of our debt covenants.
We believe that cash on hand and cash generated from operations, together with availability under our multi-currency revolving credit facility, will be adequate to address our foreseeable liquidity needs based on our current expectations of our business operations, capital expenditures and scheduled payments of debt obligations.
Commitments and Contractual Obligations
A summary of future material cash payments resulting from commitments and contractual obligations was provided in our 2024 Annual Report. During the three months ended September 30, 2025, there were no material changes outside of the ordinary course of business to our commitments and contractual obligations.
OFF-BALANCE SHEET ARRANGEMENTS
At September 30, 2025, we had no off-balance sheet financing arrangements other than unconditional purchase obligations incurred in the ordinary course of business and outstanding letters of credit related to various insurance programs, as noted in our 2024 Annual Report.
CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND ESTIMATES
There have been no changes to the Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates disclosed in Part II, Item 7 of our 2024 Annual Report.
NEW ACCOUNTING STANDARDS
For information on new accounting standards see Note 2, New Accounting Standards, within Item 1 of this report.
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CAUTIONARY STATEMENT REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
Our disclosure and analysis in this Form 10-Q contains some forward-looking statements that are based on management’s beliefs and assumptions, current expectations, estimates and forecasts. We also provide forward-looking statements in other materials we release to the public, as well as oral forward-looking statements. Such statements provide our current expectations or forecasts of future events. They do not relate strictly to historical or current facts. We have attempted, wherever possible, to identify forward-looking statements by using words such as “plan,” “expect,” “believe,” “intend,” “will,” “estimate,” “continue” and other words of similar meaning in conjunction with, among other things, discussions of future operations and financial performance, as well as our strategy for growth, product development, market position and expenditures. All statements that address operating performance or events or developments that we expect or anticipate will occur in the future - including statements relating to sales and earnings per share growth, cash flows or uses, and statements expressing views about future operating results - are forward-looking statements.
Forward-looking statements are based on current expectations of future events. The forward-looking statements are, and will be, based on management’s then-current views and assumptions regarding future events and operating performance, and speak only as of their dates. Investors should realize that, if underlying assumptions prove inaccurate or unknown risks or uncertainties materialize, actual results could vary materially from our expectations and projections. Investors are therefore cautioned not to place undue reliance on any forward-looking statements.
The following are some important factors that could cause our actual results to differ from our expectations in any forward-looking statements:
•sales demand and our ability to meet that demand;
•competition from other providers in our businesses, including customers’ in-house operations, and from lower-cost producers in emerging markets, which can impact unit volume, price and profitability;
•customers’ changing inventory requirements and manufacturing plans that alter existing orders or ordering patterns for the products we supply to them;
•interruptions or weaknesses in our supply chain, including from reasons beyond our control such as extreme weather, longer-term climate changes, natural disasters, pandemic, war, accidental damage, or unauthorized access to our or our customers’ information and systems, which could cause delivery delays or restrict the availability of raw materials, key purchased components and finished products;
•the timing, regulatory approval and commercial success of customer products that incorporate our products and systems;
•whether customers agree to incorporate our products and delivery systems with their new and existing drug products, the ultimate timing and successful commercialization of those products and systems, which involves substantial evaluations of the functional, operational, clinical and economic viability of our products, and the rate, timing and success of regulatory approval for the drug products that incorporate our components and systems;
•the timely and adequate availability of filling capacity, which is essential to conducting definitive stability trials and the timing of first commercialization of customers’ products in Crystal Zenith prefilled syringes;
•profitability, or mix, of the products sold in any reporting period, including lower-than-expected sales growth of our high-value proprietary product offerings;
•maintaining or improving production efficiencies and overhead absorption;
•dependence on third-party suppliers and partners, some of which are single-source suppliers of critical materials and products, including our Japanese partner and affiliate, Daikyo;
•the loss of key personnel or highly-skilled employees;
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•the availability and cost of skilled employees required to meet increased production, managerial, research and other needs, including professional employees and persons employed under collective bargaining agreements;
•the successful and timely implementation of price increases necessary to offset rising production costs, including raw material prices, particularly petroleum-based raw materials;
•the cost and progress of development, regulatory approval and marketing of new products;
•our ability to obtain and maintain licenses in any jurisdiction in which we do business;
•the relative strength of USD in relation to other currencies, particularly the Euro, SGD, the Danish Krone, Yen, Colombian Peso, Brazilian Real, and the South Korean Won; and
•the potential adverse effects of global healthcare legislation on customer demand, product pricing and profitability.
This list sets forth many, but not all, of the factors that could affect our ability to achieve results described in any forward-looking statements. Investors should understand that it is not possible to predict or identify all of the factors and should not consider this list to be a complete statement of all potential risks and uncertainties. For further discussion of these and other factors, see the risk factors disclosed in Part I, Item 1A of our 2024 Annual Report as well as Part II, section 1A of this quarterly report.
Except as required by law or regulation, we undertake no obligation to publicly update any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.
ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
There have been no material changes in our exposure to market risk or the information provided in Part II, Item 7A of our 2024 Annual Report.
ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Disclosure controls are controls and procedures designed to reasonably ensure that information required to be disclosed in our reports filed under the Exchange Act, such as this quarterly report, is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms. Disclosure controls include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our reports filed under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”) and Chief Financial Officer (“CFO”), or persons performing similar functions, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
An evaluation was performed under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our CEO and CFO, of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934), as of the end of the period covered by this quarterly report on Form 10-Q. Based on this evaluation, our CEO and CFO have concluded that, as of September 30, 2025, our disclosure controls and procedures are effective.
Changes in Internal Controls
During the quarter ended September 30, 2025, there have been no changes to our internal control over financial reporting that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
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PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
From time to time, we are involved in various proceedings, lawsuits, disputes and claims arising in the ordinary course of the Company’s business, whether that be matters involving commercial operations, product liability, intellectual property or employment actions, including class action lawsuits. We accrue for loss contingencies when it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated based on circumstances and assumptions existing at the time. Unless otherwise disclosed below, while the outcome of such claims cannot be predicted with certainty, we believe their ultimate resolution is not expected to have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations or liquidity. However, if an unfavorable ruling were to occur in any specific case, a material impact on the results of operations could be possible for that period.
Securities Class Action
On May 5, 2025, New England Teamsters Pension Fund filed a class action against us and certain of our current and former officers in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania, purportedly on behalf of a class of the Company’s investors who purchased or otherwise acquired the Company’s common stock between February 16, 2023 and February 12, 2025. On July 23, 2025, the court appointed lead plaintiffs in the action. On October 15, 2025, the lead plaintiffs filed an amended complaint. The complaint alleges violations of Sections 10(b), 20(a) and 20A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and Rule 10b-5 promulgated thereunder in connection with 1) various public statements made by the Company and certain current and former officers regarding its business, operations and prospects and 2) certain current and former officers' transactions in the Company's stock. The action seeks unspecified damages, costs and expenses, including attorneys’ fees. The defendants intend to vigorously defend against such allegations. Given the nature of the case, including that the proceedings are in their early stages, the Company is unable to predict the ultimate outcome of the case or estimate the range of potential loss, if any.
ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS
There are no material changes to the risk factors disclosed in Part I, Item 1A of our 2024 Annual Report.
ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS
During the three months ended September 30, 2025, there were no purchases of our common stock made by us or any of our “affiliated purchasers” as defined in Rule 10b-18(a)(3) under the Exchange Act.
ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION
Rule 10b5-1 Trading Plans
During the three months ended September 30, 2025, no director or officer (as defined in Rule 16a-1(f) promulgated under the Exchange Act) of the Company adopted or terminated any Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement or any non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement (as such terms are defined in Item 408 of Regulation S-K) during the period covered by this Report.
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ITEM 6. EXHIBITS

Exhibit Number | Description
3.1 | Our Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation, effective May 6, 2025 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 5.7 to the Company's Form 8-K, filed May 8, 2025).
3.2 | Our Amended and Restated Bylaws, effective October 23, 2023 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to the Company's Form 10-Q report for the quarter ended September 30, 2023, filed October 26, 2023).
4.1 | Form of stock certificate for common stock (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4 to the Company's Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1998, filed May 6, 1999).
4.2 | Articles 5, 8(c) and 9 of our Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation, effective May 6, 2025 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 5.7 to the Company's Form 8-K, filed May 8, 2025).
4.3 | Articles I and IV of our Bylaws, as amended through October 23, 2023 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to the Company's Form 10-Q report for the quarter ended September 30, 2023, filed October 26, 2023).
4.4 (1) | Instruments defining the rights of holders of long-term debt securities of West and its subsidiaries have been omitted.
31.1 | Certification by the Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
31.2 | Certification by the Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.1* | Certification by the Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.2* | Certification by the Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
101.INS | The instance document does not appear in the interactive data file because its XBRL tags are embedded within the inline XBRL document.
101.SCH | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CAL | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.LAB | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
101.PRE | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
101.DEF | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
104 | Inline XBRL for the cover page of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, included in the Exhibit 101 Inline XBRL Document Set.

(1) We agree to furnish to the SEC, upon request, a copy of each instrument with respect to issuances of long-term debt of the Company and its subsidiaries.
* Furnished, not filed.
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Table of Contents
SIGNATURE
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, West Pharmaceutical Services, Inc. has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
WEST PHARMACEUTICAL SERVICES, INC.
(Registrant)
By: /s/ Robert W. McMahon
Robert W. McMahon
Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer
October 23, 2025
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