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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2018
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Basis of Presentation and Description of Business
Basis of Presentation and Description of Business. Tempur Sealy International, Inc., a Delaware corporation, together with its subsidiaries, is a U.S. based, multinational company. The term “Tempur Sealy International” refers to Tempur Sealy International, Inc. only, and the term “Company” refers to Tempur Sealy International, Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries.

The Company develops, manufactures, markets and sells bedding products, which include mattresses, foundations and adjustable bases, and other products, which include pillows and other accessories. The Company also derives income from royalties by licensing Sealy® and Stearns & Foster® brands, technology and trademarks to other manufacturers. The Company sells its products through two sales channels: Wholesale and Direct.
Basis of Consolidation
Basis of Consolidation. The accompanying financial statements include the accounts of Tempur Sealy International and its controlled subsidiaries. Intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated.

The Company's Consolidated Financial Statements include the results of Comfort Revolution, LLC ("Comfort Revolution"). Prior to July 11, 2018, Comfort Revolution constituted a variable interest entity for which the Company was considered to be the primary beneficiary due to the Company's disproportionate share of the economic risk associated with its equity contribution, debt financing and other factors. On July 11, 2018, the Company acquired the remaining 55% equity interest in Comfort Revolution, which did not result in a material impact to the Company's Consolidated Financial Statements.

The Company has ownership interests in a group of Asia-Pacific joint ventures to develop markets for Sealy® branded products in those regions. The equity method of accounting is used for these joint ventures, over which the Company has significant influence but does not have effective control, and consolidation is not otherwise required. The Company’s equity in the net income and losses of these investments is reported in equity income in earnings of unconsolidated affiliates in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Income.
Use of Estimates
Use of Estimates. The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (“GAAP”) requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the Consolidated Financial Statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. The Company’s results are affected by economic, political, legislative, regulatory and legal actions. Economic conditions, such as recessionary trends, inflation, interest and monetary exchange rates, government fiscal policies and changes in the prices of raw materials, can have a significant effect on operations.
Adoption of New Accounting Standards
Adoption of New Accounting Standards.

Employee Share-Based Payments. In March 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standard Update ("ASU") No. 2016-09, Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting, which simplifies several aspects of the accounting for share-based payment transactions, including the income tax consequences, classification of awards as either equity or liabilities, and the classification on the statement of cash flows. The Company adopted this ASU as of January 1, 2017, which did not have a material impact on the Company's Consolidated Financial Statements. As a result of the adoption of this ASU:

The Company recognized all excess tax benefits and tax deficiencies as income tax provision or benefit in the Consolidated Statement of Income. The Company recognized excess tax deficiencies of $1.1 million and $0.7 million for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.
The Company is prospectively presenting these excess tax benefits and tax deficiencies as an operating activity on the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows.
The Company adopted a change in accounting policy to recognize forfeitures of awards as they occur instead of estimating potential forfeitures. Historically, the Company estimated the number of awards expected to be forfeited and adjusted the estimate when it was no longer probable that employees would fulfill their service conditions. The effect of this change in accounting policy is not material.

Revenue Recognition. On January 1, 2018, the Company adopted ASU No. 2014-09, "Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606)" using the modified retrospective method. Under the modified retrospective method, the Company recognized the cumulative effect of initially applying the new revenue standard as a decrease to the opening balance of retained earnings. Topic 606 required additional qualitative and quantitative disclosures. Other presentation and disclosure changes include the classification of royalty income to net sales and changes in the balance sheet classification and measurement for accrued sales returns. For additional information, see Note 4, "Revenue Recognition" of the Consolidated Financial Statements.

Pensions. In March 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-07, "Compensation - Retirement Benefits (Topic 715): Improving the Presentation of Net Periodic Pension Cost and Net Periodic Postretirement Benefit Cost", which is accounting guidance that changed how employers who sponsor defined benefit pension and/or postretirement benefit plans present the net periodic benefit cost in the Consolidated Statements of Income. This guidance requires employers to present the service cost component of net periodic benefit cost in the same caption within the Consolidated Statements of Income as other employee compensation costs from services rendered during the period. All other components of the net periodic benefit cost are presented separately outside of the operating income caption. The Company adopted ASU No. 2017-07 as of January 1, 2018 and applied the accounting guidance retrospectively. Adoption of this guidance resulted in a reclassification of pension and other postretirement plan non-service income and remeasurement adjustments, net, from within operating income to non-operating income. The adoption of this guidance was not material to the Consolidated Statement of Income for any periods presented.

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income.    In February 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-02, "Income Statement - Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income", which allows entities to reclassify tax effects stranded in accumulated other comprehensive loss ("AOCL") as a result of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 ("U.S. Tax Reform Act") to retained earnings. The Company early adopted ASU No. 2018-02 on March 31, 2018. The impact of adoption was not material to the Company's Consolidated Financial Statements.

Derivatives and Hedging. In August 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-12, "Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities", which simplifies hedge accounting by better aligning a company's financial reporting for hedging relationships with its risk management activities. This guidance expands an entity’s ability to hedge non-financial and financial risk components and reduces complexity in fair value hedges of interest rate risk; eliminates the requirement to separately measure and report hedge ineffectiveness and present the entire change in the fair value of a hedging instrument in the same income statement line as the hedged item; eases certain documentation and assessment requirements; and modifies the accounting for components excluded from the assessment of hedge effectiveness. The Company early adopted this ASU in the third quarter of 2018. There were no adjustments to the Company's Consolidated Financial Statements as a result of the adoption.
Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

Leases
In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842), as amended. Topic 842 requires entities to recognize a right-of-use asset and a lease liability for substantially all leases, with the exception of short term leases, and disclose key information about leasing arrangements for certain leases. The new guidance will continue to classify leases as either financing or operating, with classification affecting the pattern of expense recognition. The Company adopted the new standard on January 1, 2019, using a modified retrospective approach. Under the modified retrospective approach, the Company will not adjust the comparative period financial information or make the new required lease disclosures for periods before the effective date.
The new guidance provides a number of optional practical expedients in transition. The Company plans to elect the ‘package of practical expedients’, which allows the Company not to reassess under the new guidance its prior conclusions about lease identification, lease classification and initial direct costs. The Company does not expect to elect the use-of-hindsight practical expedient. The Company plans to elect the short-term lease recognition exemption for all leases that qualify which means it will not recognize right-of-use assets or lease liabilities for these leases.
The Company has designed new processes and controls, cataloged and entered its leases into a recently implemented software solution and evaluated its population of leased assets to assess the effect of the new guidance on the Company's consolidated financial statements. The Company expects that the adoption of the new standard will result in a material increase to the assets and liabilities on its consolidated balance sheets, but will not have a material effect on its consolidated results of operations or cash flows. The Company expects adoption of the new standard will result in the recognition of additional right-of-use assets and lease liabilities between $195 million and $235 million as of January 1, 2019.
Fair Value Measurements
Fair Value Measurements. The Company applies fair value accounting for all financial assets and liabilities and non-financial assets and liabilities that are recognized or disclosed at fair value in the Consolidated Financial Statements on a recurring basis. The Company defines fair value as the price that would be received from selling an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. When determining the fair value measurements for assets and liabilities, the Company considers the principal or most advantageous market in which the Company would transact and the market-based risk measurements or assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability, such as inherent risk, transfer restrictions and credit risk.

The Company estimates fair value of its financial instruments utilizing an established three-level hierarchy. The hierarchy is based upon the transparency of inputs to the valuation of an asset or liability as of the measurement date as follows:

Level 1 – Valuation is based upon unadjusted quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in active markets.
Level 2 – Valuation is based upon quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, or other inputs that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the financial instruments.
Level 3 – Valuation is based upon other unobservable inputs that are significant to the fair value measurements.

The classification of fair value measurements within the established three-level hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the measurements. There were no transfers between levels for the years ended December 31, 2018 or 2017. The carrying value of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable and accounts payable approximate fair value because of the short-term maturity of those instruments. The fair value of the Company's financial instruments that are recorded on a recurring basis at fair value are not material.
Foreign Currency
Foreign Currency. Assets and liabilities of non-U.S. subsidiaries, whose functional currency is the local currency, are translated into U.S. dollars at period-end exchange rates. Income and expense items are translated at the average rates of exchange prevailing during the period. The adjustments resulting from translating the financial statements of foreign subsidiaries are included in accumulated other comprehensive loss (“AOCL”), a component of stockholders’ equity/(deficit), and included in net earnings only upon sale or liquidation of the underlying foreign subsidiary or affiliated company. Foreign currency transaction gains and losses are recognized in net earnings based on differences between foreign exchange rates on the transaction date and on the settlement date. These amounts are not considered material to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

Effective June 30, 2018, the Company determined that the economy in Argentina is highly inflationary. Beginning July 1, 2018, the U.S. Dollar is the functional currency for the Company's subsidiaries in Argentina. Remeasurement adjustments in a highly inflationary economy and other transactional gains and losses are reflected in net earnings and were not material for the year ended December 31, 2018. These subsidiaries are included in loss from discontinued operations, net of tax, within the Company's Consolidated Statements of Income.

Derivative Financial Instruments
Derivative Financial Instruments. Derivative financial instruments are used in the normal course of business to manage interest rate and foreign currency exchange risks. The financial instruments used by the Company are straight-forward, non-leveraged instruments. The counterparties to these financial instruments are financial institutions with strong credit ratings. The Company maintains control over the size of positions entered into with any one counterparty and regularly monitors the credit ratings of these institutions. For all transactions designated as hedges, the hedging relationships are formally documented at the inception and on an ongoing basis in offsetting changes in cash flows of the hedged transaction.

The Company records derivative financial instruments on the Consolidated Balance Sheets as either an asset or liability measured at its fair value. Changes in a derivative's fair value (i.e. unrealized gains or losses) are recorded each period in earnings unless the derivative qualifies as a hedge on future cash flows or a hedge of a net investment in a foreign operation. Gains and losses related to a hedge are either recognized in income immediately to offset the gain or loss on the hedged item, or deferred and recorded in the stockholders’ equity section of the Consolidated Balance Sheets as a component of AOCL and subsequently recognized in the Statements of Consolidated Comprehensive Income when the hedged item affects net income. The ineffective portion of the change in fair value of a hedge is recognized in income immediately.

For derivative financial instruments that are designated as a hedge, unrealized gains and losses related to the effective portion are either recognized in income immediately to offset the realized gain or loss on the hedged item, or are deferred and reported as a component of AOCL in stockholders' equity/(deficit) and subsequently recognized in net income when the hedged item affects net income. The change in fair value of the ineffective portion of a derivative financial instrument is recognized in net income immediately. For derivative instruments that are not designated as hedges, the gain or loss related to the change in fair value is also recorded to net income immediately. The effectiveness of the cash flow hedge contracts, including time value, is assessed prospectively and retrospectively on a monthly basis using regression analysis, as well as other timing and probability criteria. For derivative instruments that are not designated as hedges, the gain or loss related to the change in fair value is also recorded in net income immediately.

The forward exchange contract assets and liabilities as of December 31, 2018 and 2017 were based on Level 2 inputs and were not material in any period presented.

Cash and Cash Equivalents
Cash and Cash Equivalents. Cash and cash equivalents consist of all highly liquid investments with initial maturities of three months or less. The carrying value of cash and cash equivalents approximates fair value because of the short-term maturity of those instruments.
Inventories
Inventories. Inventories are stated at the lower of cost and net realizable value, determined by the first-in, first-out method
Property, Plant and Equipment
Property, Plant and Equipment. Property, plant and equipment are carried at cost at acquisition date and are depreciated using the straight-line method over their estimated useful lives as follows:
 
Estimated
Useful Lives
(in years)
Buildings
25-30
Computer equipment and software
3-7
Leasehold improvements
4-7
Machinery and equipment
3-7
Office furniture and fixtures
5-7

 
The Company records depreciation and amortization in cost of sales for long-lived assets used in the manufacturing process, and within each line item of operating expenses for all other long-lived assets. Leasehold improvements are amortized over the shorter of the life of the lease or seven years. Assets under capital lease are included within property, plant and equipment and represent non-cash investing activities.
Long-Lived Assets
Long-Lived Assets. Long-lived assets are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Recoverability of long-lived assets is assessed by a comparison of the carrying amount of the asset to the estimated future undiscounted net cash flows expected to be generated by the asset or group of assets. If estimated future undiscounted net cash flows are less than the carrying amount of the asset or group of assets, the asset is considered impaired and an expense is recorded in an amount required to reduce the carrying amount of the asset to its then fair value. Fair value generally is determined from estimated discounted future net cash flows (for assets held for use) or net realizable value (for assets held for sale).
Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets
Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets. Intangible assets with finite useful lives are amortized over their respective estimated useful lives to their estimated residual values and reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate impairment may have occurred. The Company performs an annual impairment test on goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets on October 1 of each year and whenever events or circumstances make it more likely than not that impairment may have occurred. In conducting the impairment test for the North America and International reporting units, the fair value of each of the Company's reporting units is compared to its respective carrying amount including goodwill. If the fair value exceeds the carrying amount, then no impairment exists. If the carrying amount exceeds the fair value, further analysis is performed to assess impairment. The Company’s determination of fair value of the reporting units is based on a discounted cash flow approach, with an appropriate risk-adjusted discount rate, and a market approach. Any identified impairment would result in an adjustment to the Company’s results of operations.
    
The Company also tests its indefinite-lived intangible assets, principally the Tempur and Sealy trade names. The Company tested both trade names for impairment using a “relief-from-royalty” method. Significant assumptions inherent in the methodologies are employed and include such estimates as royalty and discount rates.

The Company performed its annual impairment test of goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets in 2018, 2017 and 2016, none of which resulted in the recognition of impairment charges. The most recent annual impairment tests performed as of October 1, 2018, indicated that the fair values of each of the Company's reporting units and indefinite-lived intangible assets were substantially in excess of their carrying values.
Accrued Sales Returns
Accrued Sales Returns. The Company allows product returns through certain sales channels and on certain products. Estimated sales returns are provided at the time of sale based on historical sales channel return rates. Estimated future obligations related to these products are provided by a reduction of sales in the period in which the revenue is recognized. The Company considers the impact of recoverable salvage value on sales returns by segment in determining its estimate of future sales returns. Effective January 1, 2018 with the Company's adoption of Topic 606, the Company recognizes a return asset for the right to recover the goods returned by the customer. The right of return asset is recognized on a gross basis outside of the accrued sales returns and is not material to the Company's Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Warranties
Warranties. The Company provides warranties on certain products, which vary based by segment, product and brand. Estimates of warranty expenses are based primarily on historical claims experience and product testing. Estimated future obligations related to these products are charged to cost of sales in the period in which the related revenue is recognized. In estimating its warranty obligations, the Company considers the impact of recoverable salvage value on warranty costs by segment in determining its estimate of future warranty obligations.

The Company provides warranties on mattresses with varying warranty terms. Tempur mattresses sold in the North America segment and all Sealy mattresses have warranty terms ranging from 10 to 25 years, generally non-prorated for the first 10 to 15 years and then prorated for the balance of the warranty term. Tempur mattresses sold in the International segment have warranty terms ranging from 5 to 15 years, non-prorated for the first 5 years and then prorated on a straight-line basis for the last 10 years of the warranty term. Tempur pillows have a warranty term of 3 years, non-prorated.

Allowance for Doubtful Accounts
Allowance for Doubtful Accounts. The allowance for doubtful accounts is the Company’s best estimate of the amount of probable credit losses in the Company’s existing accounts receivable. The Company regularly reviews the adequacy of its allowance for doubtful accounts. The Company determines the allowance for doubtful accounts based on historical write-off experience and current economic conditions and also considers factors such as customer credit, past transaction history with the customer and changes in customer payment terms when determining whether the collection of a customer receivable is reasonably assured. Account balances are charged off against the allowance after all reasonable means of collection have been exhausted and the potential for recovery is considered remote.
Income Taxes
Income Taxes. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to temporary differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. Deferred tax assets are also recognized for the estimated future effects of tax loss carry forwards. The effect of changes in tax rates on deferred taxes is recognized in the period in which the enactment dates change. Valuation allowances are established when necessary on a jurisdictional basis to reduce deferred tax assets to the amounts expected to be realized. The Company accounts for uncertain foreign and domestic tax positions utilizing a proscribed recognition threshold and measurement attributes for the financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return.
Cost of Sales
Cost of Sales. Costs associated with net sales are recorded in cost of sales. Cost of sales includes the costs of receiving, producing, inspecting, warehousing, insuring, and shipping goods during the period, as well as depreciation and amortization of long-lived assets used in these processes. Cost of sales also includes shipping and handling costs associated with the delivery of goods to customers and costs associated with internal transfers between plant locations.
Cooperative Advertising, Rebate and Other Promotional Programs
Cooperative Advertising, Rebate and Other Promotional Programs. The Company enters into programs with customers to provide funds for advertising and promotions. The Company also enters into volume and other rebate programs with customers. When sales are made to these customers, the Company records liabilities pursuant to these programs. The Company periodically assesses these liabilities based on actual sales and claims to determine whether all of the cooperative advertising earned will be used by the customer or whether the customer will meet the requirements to receive rebate funds. The Company generally negotiates these programs on a customer-by-customer basis. Some of these agreements extend over several years. Significant estimates are required at any point in time with regard to the ultimate reimbursement to be claimed by the customers. Subsequent revisions to the estimates are recorded and charged to earnings in the period in which they are identified. Rebates and cooperative advertising are classified as a reduction of revenue and presented within net sales in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Income. Certain cooperative advertising expenses are reported as components of selling and marketing expenses in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Income because the Company receives an identifiable benefit and the fair value of the advertising benefit can be reasonably estimated.

Advertising Costs
Advertising Costs. The Company expenses advertising costs as incurred except for production costs and advance payments, which are deferred and expensed when advertisements run for the first time. Direct response advance payments are deferred and amortized over the life of the program. Advertising costs are included in selling and marketing expenses in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Income. Advertising costs charged to expense were $259.3 million, $283.5 million and $352.3 million for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016, respectively. Advertising costs include expenditures for shared advertising costs that the Company reimburses to customers under its integrated and cooperative advertising programs. Cooperative advertising costs paid to customers are recorded as a component of selling and marketing expenses within the Consolidated Statements of Income to the extent the fair value of the distinct good or service can reasonably be estimated. The Company periodically assesses the liabilities recorded for cooperative advertising based on actual sales and claims to determine whether all of the cooperative advertising earned will be used by the customer.
Research and Development Expenses
Research and Development Expenses. Research and development expenses for new products are expensed as they are incurred and are included in general, administrative and other expenses in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Income.
Stock-Based Compensation
Stock-based Compensation. The Company accounts for stock-based payment transactions in which the Company receives employee services in exchange for equity instruments of the Company. Stock-based compensation cost for restricted stock units (“RSUs”), performance restricted stock units (“PRSUs”) and deferred stock units (“DSUs”) is measured based on the closing fair market value of the Company’s common stock on the date of grant. Stock-based compensation cost for stock options is estimated at the grant date based on each option’s fair value as calculated by the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. The Company recognizes stock-based compensation cost as expense for awards other than its PRSUs ratably on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period. The Company recognizes stock-based compensation cost associated with its PRSUs over the requisite service period if it is probable that the performance conditions will be satisfied.
Treasury Stock
Treasury Stock. Subject to Delaware law, and the limitations in the 2016 Credit Agreement (as defined in Note 8, "Debt") and the Company's other debt agreements, the Board of Directors may authorize share repurchases of the Company’s common stock. Purchases made pursuant to this authorizations may be carried out through open market transactions, negotiated purchases or otherwise, at times and in such amounts as the Company deems appropriate. Shares repurchased under such authorization are held in treasury for general corporate purposes, including issuances under various employee stock-based award plans. On February 1, 2016, the Board of Directors authorized a share repurchase program pursuant to which the Company was permitted to repurchase shares of Tempur Sealy International's common stock. The Board of Directors authorized an increase in the amount of shares available for repurchase under this program in February 2017. Treasury stock is accounted for under the cost method and reported as a reduction of stockholders’ equity. The authority provided under the share repurchase program may be suspended, limited or terminated at any time without notice.
Self-Insurance
Self-Insurance. The Company is self-insured up to $0.8 million per claim per year for certain losses related to medical claims with excess loss coverage. The Company also utilizes large deductible policies to insure claims related to general liability, product liability, automobile, and workers’ compensation. The Company’s recorded liability for workers’ compensation represents an estimate of the ultimate cost of claims incurred as of the Consolidated Balance Sheet date. The estimated workers' compensation liability is undiscounted and is established based upon analysis of historical and actuarial estimates, and is reviewed by the Company and third party actuaries on a quarterly basis to ensure that the liability is appropriate. As of December 31, 2018 and 2017, $5.2 million and $4.8 million, respectively, of the recorded undiscounted liability is included in accrued expenses and other current liabilities and $16.3 million and $15.9 million, respectively, is included in other non-current liabilities within the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets. During 2016, the Company entered into a retroactive insurance policy to limit exposure on historical worker's compensation claims. As of December 31, 2018 and 2017, $1.9 million and $2.4 million, respectively, are included in prepaid expenses and other current assets and $6.0 million and $7.6 million, respectively, are included in other non-current assets within the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets, which together represent the value of expected recoveries related to the underlying insured events.

Pension Obligations
Pension Obligations. The Company has a noncontributory, defined benefit pension plan covering current and former hourly employees at two of its active Sealy plants and ten previously-closed Sealy U.S. facilities. Sealy Canada, Ltd. (a 100.0% owned subsidiary of the Company) also sponsors a noncontributory, defined benefit pension plan covering hourly employees at one of its facilities. Both plans provide retirement and survivorship benefits based on the employees' credited years of service. The Company's funding policy provides for contributions of an amount between the minimum required and maximum amount that can be deducted for federal income tax purposes. The funded status is measured as the difference between the fair value of plan assets and the benefit obligation at December 31, the measurement date. The benefit obligation is the projected benefit obligation (“PBO”). The PBO represents the actuarial present value of benefits expected to be paid upon retirement based on estimated future compensation levels. The measurement of the PBO is based on the Company’s estimates and actuarial valuations. The fair value of plan assets represents the current market value of assets held by an irrevocable trust fund for the sole benefit of participants. These valuations reflect the terms of the plans and use participant-specific information such as compensation, age and years of service, as well as certain assumptions that require significant judgment, including estimates of discount rates, expected return on plan assets, rate of compensation increases, interest crediting rates and mortality rates.