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Income Taxes (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Pre-tax Income Attributable to Operating Segments
The following sets forth the amount of income before income taxes attributable to each of the Company's geographies for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022:
Year Ended December 31,
(in millions)202420232022
Income before income taxes:
United States$279.2 $288.5 $382.5 
Rest of the world225.1 185.6 194.7 
$504.3 $474.1 $577.2 
Reconciliation of Statutory Tax Rate to Effective Tax Rate
The Company's effective income tax provision differs from the amount calculated using the statutory U.S. federal income tax rate, principally due to the following:
Year Ended December 31,
202420232022
(dollars in millions)AmountPercentage of Income
Before Income Taxes
AmountPercentage of Income
Before Income Taxes
AmountPercentage of Income
Before Income Taxes
Statutory U.S. federal income tax$105.9 21.0 %$99.6 21.0 %$121.2 21.0 %
State income taxes, net of federal benefit12.8 2.5 %9.1 1.9 %12.5 2.2 %
Foreign tax differential8.0 1.6 %5.8 1.2 %2.9 0.5 %
Change in valuation allowances(0.9)(0.2)%6.4 1.4 %1.3 0.2 %
Uncertain tax positions and interest(3.0)(0.6)%(0.8)(0.2)%(19.2)(3.3)%
Global Intangible Low-Taxed Income ("GILTI")
2.0 0.4 %2.7 0.6 %3.2 0.5 %
Expiration of foreign tax credits
— — %10.6 2.2 %1.6 0.3 %
Stock compensation(9.6)(1.9)%(7.8)(1.6)%(13.8)(2.4)%
Nondeductible compensation15.1 3.0 %12.7 2.7 %14.6 2.5 %
Danish Tax Matter— — %(13.7)(2.9)%— — %
Notional interest deduction(2.2)(0.4)%(14.0)(3.0)%— — %
Permanent and other(9.5)(1.9)%(7.2)(1.5)%(5.3)(0.9)%
Effective income tax provision$118.6 23.5 %$103.4 21.8 %$119.0 20.6 %
Summary of Tax Provision
The income tax provision consisted of the following:
Year Ended December 31,
(in millions)202420232022
Current provision
Federal$71.4 $47.2 $85.0 
State19.5 15.9 18.3 
Foreign46.9 32.0 26.2 
Total current$137.8 $95.1 $129.5 
Deferred provision
Federal$(16.3)$6.3 $(7.7)
State(3.2)2.0 (2.3)
Foreign0.3 — (0.5)
Total deferred(19.2)8.3 (10.5)
Total income tax provision$118.6 $103.4 $119.0 
Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities Recognized in the Consolidated Balance Sheets
The net deferred tax assets and liabilities recognized in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets, determined using the income tax rate applicable to each period in which those items will reverse, consist of the following:
December 31,
(in millions)20242023
Deferred tax assets:
Stock-based compensation$22.9 $28.8 
Operating lease obligations169.2 180.6 
Accrued expenses and other61.1 64.0 
Net operating losses, foreign tax credits and other tax attribute carryforwards44.5 42.1 
Inventories16.6 10.6 
Transaction costs26.9 16.5 
Property, plant and equipment6.8 9.9 
Total deferred tax assets348.0 352.5 
Valuation allowances(48.1)(49.5)
Total net deferred tax assets$299.9 $303.0 
Deferred tax liabilities:
Intangible assets$(171.1)$(174.3)
Operating lease right-of-use assets(153.0)(164.5)
Property, plant and equipment(49.2)(56.6)
Accrued expenses and other(19.6)(19.9)
Total deferred tax liabilities(392.9)(415.3)
Net deferred tax liabilities$(93.0)$(112.3)
Summary of Operating Loss and Tax Credit Carryforwards
Included in the calculation of the Company's deferred tax assets are the following gross income tax attributes available at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively:
(in millions)20242023
State net operating losses ("SNOLs")$103.4 $134.0 
U.S. state income tax credits ("SITCs")2.8 3.2 
Foreign net operating losses ("FNOLs")45.8 49.8 
Notional interest deduction ("NID")46.3 40.0 
State charitable contribution carryover ("SCCCs")0.6 0.7 
Reconciliation of Beginning and Ending Amount of Unrecognized Tax Benefits
A reconciliation of the beginning and ending amount of unrecognized tax benefits is as follows:
(in millions)
Balance as of December 31, 2022
$39.0 
Expiration of statutes of limitations(0.2)
Reduction for tax positions of prior years(0.3)
Settlements of uncertain tax positions with tax authorities(34.0)
Balance as of December 31, 2023
$4.5 
Additions for tax positions of prior years0.2 
Expiration of statutes of limitations(2.6)
Balance as of December 31, 2024
$2.1