v3.8.0.1

Income Taxes (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2017

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

Consolidated Income Tax Expense

The consolidated income tax expense consists of the following for the years ended December 31 ($ in millions):

	2017				2016				2015
Current provision
Federal	$	421			$	485			$	332
State and local	14				22				26
Total current provision	435				507				358
Deferred provision	(109		)		92				(19		)
Total income tax expense	$	326			$	599			$	339

Reconciliation Of Tax Provision At The U.S. Federal Statutory Rate To Income Tax Expense

The reconciliation of the tax provision at the U.S. federal statutory rate to income tax expense for the years ended December 31 is as follows ($ in millions):

	2017				2016				2015
Earnings from continuing operations, before income tax expense	$	1,134			$	1,157			$	697
(Earnings) loss attributable to flow through noncontrolling interest	15				(8		)		1
Earnings from continuing operations, less noncontrolling interest, before income tax expense	1,149				1,149				698
Tax provision at the U.S. federal statutory rate	402				402				244
State income taxes, net of federal income tax benefit	11				10				15
Nondeductible compensation	58				23				2
ACA Health Insurer Fee	—				162				75
Income Tax Reform	(125		)		—				—
Other, net	(20		)		2				3
Income tax expense	$	326			$	599			$	339

Tax Effects Of Temporary Differences Which Give Rise To Deferred Tax Assets And Liabilities

The tax effects of temporary differences which give rise to deferred tax assets and liabilities are presented below for the years ended December 31 ($ in millions):

	2017				2016
Deferred tax assets:
Medical claims liability	$	46			$	66
Nondeductible liabilities	41				39
Net operating loss and tax credit carryforwards	94				101
Compensation accruals	129				156
Premium and trade receivables	45				79
Other	11				14
Deferred tax assets	366				455
Valuation allowance	(81		)		(86		)
Net deferred tax assets	$	285			$	369
Deferred tax liabilities:
Intangible assets	$	342			$	577
Prepaid assets	23				17
Fixed assets	84				65
Investments in joint ventures	20				11
Deferred revenue	26				—
Other	17				2
Deferred tax liabilities	512				672
Net deferred tax assets (liabilities)	$	(227	)		$	(303	)

Summary of Reserve for Uncertain Tax Positions

The Company maintains a reserve for uncertain tax positions that may be challenged by a tax authority. A rollforward of the beginning and ending amount of uncertain tax positions, exclusive of related interest and penalties, is as follows:

	Year Ended December 31,
	2017				2016
Gross unrecognized tax benefits, beginning of period	$	102			$	5
Gross increases:
Current year tax positions	43				6
Prior year tax positions	113				93
Gross decreases:
Prior year tax positions	—				(1		)
Statute of limitation lapses	(1		)		(1		)
Gross unrecognized tax benefits, end of period	$	257			$	102

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- Definition

Tabular disclosure of the components of income tax expense attributable to continuing operations for each year presented including, but not limited to: current tax expense (benefit), deferred tax expense (benefit), investment tax credits, government grants, the benefits of operating loss carryforwards, tax expense that results from allocating certain tax benefits either directly to contributed capital or to reduce goodwill or other noncurrent intangible assets of an acquired entity, adjustments of a deferred tax liability or asset for enacted changes in tax laws or rates or a change in the tax status of the entity, and adjustments of the beginning-of-the-year balances of a valuation allowance because of a change in circumstances that causes a change in judgment about the realizability of the related deferred tax asset in future years.

+ References

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-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 740
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 9
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Tabular disclosure of the components of net deferred tax asset or liability recognized in an entity's statement of financial position, including the following: the total of all deferred tax liabilities, the total of all deferred tax assets, the total valuation allowance recognized for deferred tax assets.

+ References

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-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 740
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 2
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=84230637&loc=d3e32537-109319

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Tabular disclosure of the reconciliation using percentage or dollar amounts of the reported amount of income tax expense attributable to continuing operations for the year to the amount of income tax expense that would result from applying domestic federal statutory tax rates to pretax income from continuing operations.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 740
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 12
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=84230637&loc=d3e32687-109319

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Tabular disclosure of unrecognized tax benefits for which a material change is reasonably possible in the next twelve months, typically including the nature of the uncertainty, the event(s) that could cause a material change, and an estimate of the range of the reasonably possible change or a statement that an estimate of the range cannot be made. An unrecognized tax benefit is the difference between a tax position taken in a tax return and the amounts recognized in the financial statements for which it is more likely than not, based on the technical merits of the position, that the tax position will not be sustained upon examination.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 740
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 15
-Subparagraph (d)
-URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=84230637&loc=d3e32718-109319

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