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15 Intangible assets | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2020
Intangible assets other than goodwill [abstract] |
Intangible assets |
15 | Intangible assets
(a) Statement of financial position details
| December 31, 2020 | December 31, 2019
| Cost | Accumulated amortization | Net | Cost | Accumulated amortization | Net
Intangible right arising from: |  |  |  |  |  |
Concession agreements – equity value | 671,904 | (188,129) | 483,775 | 2,066,459 | (571,606) | 1,494,853
Concession agreements – economic value | 1,446,261 | (711,596) | 734,665 | 1,334,531 | (621,679) | 712,852
Program contracts | 23,160,119 | (6,799,812) | 16,360,307 | 19,413,768 | (5,594,068) | 13,819,700
Program contracts – commitments | 1,709,757 | (338,834) | 1,370,923 | 1,651,434 | (286,559) | 1,364,875
Services contracts – São Paulo | 20,579,676 | (5,707,072) | 14,872,604 | 19,217,091 | (4,826,328) | 14,390,763
Software license of use | 978,085 | (437,460) | 540,625 | 829,739 | (358,033) | 471,706
Right of use – other assets | 141,782 | (99,106) | 42,676 | 113,233 | (42,535) | 70,698
Total | 48,687,584 | (14,282,009) | 34,405,575 | 44,626,255 | (12,300,808) | 32,325,447
(b) Changes
| December 31, 2019 | Addition | Contract renewal | Transfer of contract assets | Transfers | Write-offs and disposals | Amortization | December 31, 2020
Intangible right arising from: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Concession agreements – equity value (*) | 1,494,853 | 1 | (1,031,830) | 47,154 | 1,440 | (858) | (26,985) | 483,775
Concession agreements – economic value | 712,852 | - | - | 113,320 | (1,403) | (42) | (90,062) | 734,665
Program contracts (*) | 13,819,700 | 303,472 | 1,031,830 | 2,075,268 | (51,570) | (5,423) | (812,970) | 16,360,307
Program contracts – commitments | 1,364,875 | 58,323 | - | - | - | - | (52,275) | 1,370,923
Services contracts – São Paulo | 14,390,763 | 20,940 | - | 1,382,656 | (23,645) | (9,990) | (888,120) | 14,872,604
Software license of use | 471,706 | - | - | 70,016 | 78,169 | - | (79,266) | 540,625
Right of use – Other assets | 70,698 | 28,549 | - | - | - | - | (56,571) | 42,676
Total | 32,325,447 | 411,285 | - | 3,688,414 | 2,991 | (16,313) | (2,006,249) | 34,405,575
(*) As of December 31, 2020, intangible assets includes leases recognized before December 31, 2018 in accordance with IAS 17 amounting to R$ 269,561 - R$ 76,454 recognized as concession agreements – equity value and R$ 193,107 recognized as program contracts (R$ 292,824 as of December 31, 2019 – R$ 87,266 recognized as concession agreements – equity value and R$ 205,558 recognized as program contracts).
| December 31, 2018 | First-time adoption of IFRS 16 | Addition | Contract renewal | Transfer to indemnities receivable | Transfer of contract assets | Transfers | Write-offs and disposals | Amortization | December 31, 2019*
Intangible right arising from: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Concession agreements – equity value (*) | 4,073,344 | - | 2 | (2,690,660) | (4,345) | 131,809 | 76,804 | (8,311) | (83,790) | 1,494,853
Concession agreements – economic value | 1,232,009 | - | 2,034 | (532,173) | - | 89,041 | 1,956 | (569) | (79,446) | 712,852
Program contracts (*) | 8,777,929 | - | 1,338,443 | 3,223,773 | - | 970,534 | 137,283 | (10,312) | (617,950) | 13,819,700
Program contracts – commitments | 1,079,551 | - | 331,328 | - | - | - | - | - | (46,004) | 1,364,875
Services contracts – São Paulo | 13,391,452 | - | 3,867 | (940) | - | 2,054,940 | (228,583) | (20,739) | (809,234) | 14,390,763
Software license of use | 458,175 | - | - | - | - | 81,993 | (991) | - | (67,471) | 471,706
Right of use – Other assets | - | 64,955 | 48,278 | - | - | - | - | - | (42,535) | 70,698
Total | 29,012,460 | 64,955 | 1,723,952 | - | (4,345) | 3,328,317 | (13,531) | (39,931) | (1,746,430) | 32,325,447
(*) As of December 31, 2019, intangible assets includes leases recognized before December 31, 2018 in accordance with IAS 17 amounting to R$ 292,824 - (R$ 315,717 as of December 31, 2018 – R$ R$ 98,077 recognized as concession agreements – equity value and R$ 217,640 recognized as program contracts).
| December 31, 2017 | Transfers to contract assets (*) | Additions | Contract renewal | Transfers of works (**) | Transfers | Write-offs and disposals | Amortization | December 31, 2018
Intangible right arising from: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Concession agreements – equity value | 7,141,614 | (1,427,046) | 93 | (1,935,780) | 499,002 | (5,268) | (1,406) | (197,865) | 4,073,344
Concession agreements – economic value | 1,433,937 | (233,361) | 373 | - | 114,442 | 88 | (1,031) | (82,439) | 1,232,009
Program contracts | 7,595,066 | (2,019,461) | 928,818 | 1,935,780 | 681,742 | 3,011 | (7,616) | (339,411) | 8,777,929
Program contracts – commitments | 910,375 | - | 206,946 | - | - | - | - | (37,770) | 1,079,551
Services contracts – São Paulo | 15,917,015 | (6,707,847) | 3,724 | - | 4,818,734 | 12 | (14,813) | (625,373) | 13,391,452
Software license of use | 468,125 | - | 4,774 | - | 54,790 | 686 | - | (70,200) | 458,175
Total | 33,466,132 | (10,387,715) | 1,144,728 | - | 6,168,710 | (1,471) | (24,866) | (1,353,058) | 29,012,460
(*) Work in progress transferred to contract assets due to adoption of IFRS 15, as of January 1, 2018, as described in Note 4.1. (**) Work in progress transferred from contract assets to intangible assets. In 2020, the Company renewed the program contract with the municipalities of Bragança Paulista, Cubatão, Ilhabela, Jandira, Joanópolis, Lupércio, Meridiano, Paulínia, Pinhalzinho, Piracaia, Pirapora do Bom Jesus, Santana de Parnaíba, Ubatuba, Vargem Grande Paulista and Pedrinhas Paulista. All of these contracts are valid for 30 years. The Company signed contracts with the municipalities of Tapiratiba and Tejupá in October 2019 and March 2020, and started operations in April and September 2020, for 30 and 40 years, respectively. In addition to the municipalities above, SABESP signed contract with the municipality of Mauá in June 2020, for 40 years and started operations in November 2020. As of June 30, 2020, a contract was signed for the provision of treatment services and final disposal of solid waste and collection of garbage tax in the Municipality of Diadema for 40 years. Garbage collection fees started to be charged on water and sewage consumption bills as of January 1, 2021. In order to reach the best operationalization format, treatment services and final disposal of solid waste are in the study phase and, based on contractual provision, are subject to a partnership between SABESP and a private party, which will occur by means of a public call. (c) Intangible arising from concession agreements The Company operates public utility service concession agreements for water supply and sewage services mostly based on agreements that set out rights and obligations relative to the exploration of assets related to the public utility service (See Note 3.8 (a)). The agreements provide for the return of the assets to the concession grantor at the end of the concession period. As of December 31, 2020, the Company operated in 375 municipalities in the State of São Paulo (372 as of December 31, 2019). Most of these contracts have a 30-year concession period, except for the contracts with the municipalities of Guarulhos, Mauá, Mogi das Cruzes, Santo André, São Bernardo do Campo, São João da Boa Vista and Tejupá, which were signed for a period of 40 years. The services provided by the Company are billed at a price regulated and controlled by São Paulo State Sanitation and Energy Regulatory Agency (ARSESP). Intangible rights arising from concession agreements include: (i) Concession agreements – equity value These refer to municipalities assumed until 2006, except for the municipalities assumed by economic value through assets valuation report prepared by independent experts. The amortization of assets is calculated according to the straight-line method, which considers the assets useful life. (ii) Concession agreements – economic value From 1999 through 2006, the negotiations for new concessions were conducted on the basis of the economic and financial result of the transaction, determined in a valuation report issued by independent appraisers. The amount determined in the related contract, after the transaction is closed with the municipal authorities, realized through the subscription of the Company's shares or in cash, is recorded as "concession agreements" and amortized over the period of the related concession (usually 30 years). As of December 31, 2020 and 2019 there were no amounts pending related to these payments to the municipalities. Intangible assets are amortized on a straight-line basis over the period of the concession agreements or for the useful lives of the underlying assets, whichever is shorter. (iii) Program contracts These refer to the renewal of contracts previously referred to as concession agreements whose purpose is to provide sanitation services. The amortization of the assets acquired until the dates of signatures of the program contracts is calculated according to the straight-line method, which considers the assets’ useful lives. Assets acquired or built after the signature dates of program contracts are amortized during the contracted period (mostly, 30 years) or during the useful lives of underlying assets, whichever is shorter. (iv) Program contracts - Commitments After the enactment of the regulatory framework in 2007, renewals of concessions started to be made through of program contracts. In some of these program contracts, the Company undertook the commitment to financially participate in social and environmental actions. The assets built within the program contracts are recorded as intangible assets and are amortized by the straight-line method in accordance with the duration of the program contract (mostly, 30 years). As of December 31, 2020 and 2019, the amounts not yet disbursed were recorded under “program contract commitments”, in current liabilities, totaling R$ 162,541 and R$ 273,932, respectively, and in noncurrent liabilities, totaling R$ 68,939 and R$ 103,321, respectively. The rate of 8.11% (WACC) was applied to calculate the present value adjustment of contracts signed in 2020 (v) Services agreement with the Municipality of São Paulo On June 23, 2010, the Company entered into an agreement with the State of São Paulo and the Municipality of São Paulo to regulate the provision of water and sewage services in the municipality of São Paulo for a 30-year period, which is extendable for an another 30-year period. Also on June 23, 2010, an agreement was signed between the state and municipal government, and SABESP and the Sanitation and Energy Regulatory Agency of the State of São Paulo (“ARSESP”) are the consenting and intervening parties, whose main aspects are the following: 1. The State and the Municipality of São Paulo grant to SABESP the right to explore the sanitation services in the capital of the State of São Paulo, which consists of the obligation to provide such service and charge the respective tariff for this service; 2. The State and the Municipality sets forth ARSESP as the agency responsible for regulating the tariff, controlling and monitoring the services. 3. The evaluation model of the contract was the discounted cash flow, which considered the financial and economic sustainability of SABESP’s operations in the metropolitan region of São Paulo; 4. All operating costs, taxes, investments and the opportunity cost of investors and the creditors of SABESP’s were considered in the cash flow analysis; 5. The agreement provides for investments established in the agreement comply with the minimum of 13% of the gross revenue from the municipality of São Paulo, net of the taxes on revenues. Investment plans referring to SABESP’s execution shall be compatible with the activities and programs foreseen in the state, municipal sanitation plans, and where applicable, the metropolitan plan. The investment plan is not definite and will be revised by Managing Committee every four years, especially as to investments to be made in the following period; 6. The payment related to the Municipal Fund of Environmental Sanitation and Infrastructure to be applied in the sanitation service within the municipality must be recovered through the tariffs charges. Such payment represents 7.5% of the total revenue from the municipality of São Paulo, net of the taxes on revenue and delinquency in the period, recognized in profit or loss, as operating cost; 7. The opportunity cost of the investors and the creditors was established by the Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC) methodology. The WACC was the interest rate used to discount the cash flow of the operation; and 8. The agreement considers the recovery of net assets in operation, preferably evaluated through equity valuation or carrying amount monetarily restated, as defined by ARSESP. In addition, the agreement provides for the remuneration of investments to be made by SABESP, so that there is no residual value at the end of the agreement. Referring to the recovery through tariff, mentioned in item 6 above, of transfer to the Municipal Fund of Environmental Sanitation and Infrastructure, ARSESP issued in April 2013, the Resolution no. 413, postponing the application of Resolution no. 407 until the conclusion of the tariff revision process, the transfer to the bill of services of amounts referring to the municipal charges which were stipulated in Resolution no. 407. The postponement to apply Resolution no. 407 was due to a request by the São Paulo State Government to analyze, among other things, methods to reduce the impact on consumers. As of April 18, 2014, ARSESP Resolution no. 484 was published with the final results of SABESP’s Tariff Revision, however, both the São Paulo Municipal Government, through Official Letter no. 1,309/2014-SGM/GAB and the São Paulo State Government through a petition filed by the São Paulo State Office, through the Official Letter ATG/Official Letter no. 092/2014-CC, requested a postponement of the effects of ARSESP Resolution no. 413, published in the São Paulo State Official Gazette on March 20, 2013, until the conclusion of the revision of the Agreement entered into between the São Paulo Municipal Government, the São Paulo State Government and SABESP. By means of Resolution no. 488 of May 7, 2014, ARSESP maintained the suspension of the effectiveness of ARSESP Resolution no. 407, published on March 22, 2013, until the results obtained in the revision of the Agreement entered into by the São Paulo Municipal Government, the São Paulo State Government and SABESP postponing authorization for the transfer to the bill of the services related to the legally established municipal fees that, by force of the Program Agreements and Water Supply and Sewage Services Agreements, should be included in the Tariff Revision. The agreement represents 44.58% of the total revenue of the Company as of December 31, 2020 (44.48% as of December 31, 2019), and ensures the judicial and assets security. The municipality of São Paulo and the Company did not conclude an agreement to equalize financial pending issues existing until the signature date of the Agreement related to the rendering of water supply and sewage services to the real properties of the municipality, and for that reason, the Company filed a suit to collect these accounts, which are accrued for losses. (d) Capitalization of interest and other finance charges In 2020, the Company capitalized interest and inflation adjustment, including related foreign currency exchange effects in concession intangible assets, totaling R$238,330 (R$233,251 in 2019 and R$488,502 in 2018) during the construction period. (e) Construction margin The Company is primarily responsible to construct and install the infrastructure related to the concession, using own efforts or hiring outsourcing services, receiving the risks and benefits. Accordingly, the Company recognizes revenue from construction service corresponding to the cost of construction increased by gross margin. Generally, the constructions related to the concessions are performed by third parties, in such case, the margin of the Company is lower, normally, to cover eventual administration costs, and the responsibility of the primary risk. In 2020 and 2019 the margin was 2.3%. Construction margin for 2020, 2019 and 2018 were R$86,477, R$65,172 and R$63,013, respectively. (f) Expropriations As a result of the construction of priority projects related to water and sewage systems, the Company was required to expropriate third-parties' properties, and the owners of these properties will be compensated either amicably or through courts. The costs of these expropriations are recorded as concession intangible assets after the transaction is concluded. In 2020, the total amount related to expropriations was R$33,136 (R$34,681 in 2019 and R$106,429 in 2018). (g) Public-Private Partnership - PPP SABESP carries out operations related to the PPPs mentioned below. These operations and their respective obligations and guarantees are supported by agreements executed according to Law 11,079/2004. Alto Tietê Production System The Company and the special purpose entity CAB-Sistema Produtor Alto Tietê S/A (currently SPAT Saneamento S/A), formed by Galvão Engenharia S.A. and Companhia Águas do Brasil – Cab Ambiental, signed in June 2008 the contract of Public-Private Partnership of Alto Tietê production system. The service contract is valid for 15 years and has the purpose of expanding the capacity of the Taiaçupeba Water Treatment Station, from 10 thousand to 15 thousand of liters per second. The operation started in October 2011. As of December 31, 2020 and 2019, the carrying amounts related to this PPP recorded in intangible assets were R$ 287,645 and R$ 348,586, respectively. In 2020 and 2019, a discount rate of 8.20% p.a. was used to calculate the present value adjustment of this contract. SABESP monthly transfers funds from tariffs collected for services provided to the SPE CAB Sistema Produtor Alto Tietê S/A, in the amount of R$ 12,064, corresponding to monthly remuneration. This amount is annually adjusted by the IPC – FIPE and is monthly recorded in a restricted account, as established in the contracts. If SABESP complies with its monthly obligations with the SPE, the funds from the restricted account will be released. The guarantee has been effective since the beginning of the operation and will be valid until the end, termination, intervention, annulment or caducity of the Administrative Concession, or other events of extinction provided for in the Concession Agreement or in the legislation applicable to administrative concessions, including in the event of bankruptcy or dissolution of the SPE. São Lourenço Production System In August 2013, the Company and the special purpose entity Sistema Produtor São Lourenço S/A, formed by of Construções e Comércio Camargo Corrêa S/A and Construtora Andrade Gutierrez S/A, signed the Public-Private Partnership agreements of the São Lourenço Production System. In May 2018, the control of SPE Sistema Produtor São Lourenço S/A was transferred to CGGC Construtora do Brasil Ltda, previously formed of Construções e Comércio Camargo Corrêa S/A and Construtora Andrade Gutierrez S/A. The objective of the contract is: a) the construction of a water production system, mainly consisting of a water pipeline connecting Ibiúna to Barueri, a water collection station in Ibiúna, a water treatment station in Vargem Grande Paulista and water reservoirs; and b) the provision of services for a 25-year term, aiming at rendering services to operate the dehydration system, drying and final disposal of sludge, maintenance and works of the São Lourenço Production System. The works started in April 2014 and The São Lourenço Production System (SPSL) PPP started operating on July 10, 2018. Since the beginning of operations, the Company monthly transfers funds from tariffs collected for services provided to the SPE Sistema Produtor São Lourenço S/A, in the amount of R$ 34,380, corresponding to monthly remuneration plus any interests and charges. This amount is annually adjusted by the IPC – FIPE and is monthly recorded in a restricted account, as established in the contracts. If the Company complies with its monthly obligations with the SPE, the funds from the restricted account will be released. The guarantee will become effective as of the beginning of the system’s appropriate operation, duly accepted by SABESP, valid until the occurrence of any of the following events, whichever occurs first: (i) the original payment date of the last installment of interest / amortization of the principal taken out by the SPE to execute the works; (ii) the end, termination, intervention, annulment, caducity of the Administrative Concession, or other extinction events provided for in the Concession Agreement or in the law applicable to administrative concessions, including bankruptcy or extinction of the SPE. As of December 31, 2020 and 2019, the carrying amounts recorded in the Company’s intangible assets, related to this PPP, amounted to R$ 3,065,445 and R$ 3,235,008, respectively. Intangible assets are accrued for based on the physical evolution of the construction, with a counter-entry in the Private-Public Partnership (PPP) liabilities account. In 2020, a discount rate of 7.80% p.a. was used to calculate the adjustment to present value of the agreement. The obligations assumed by the Company as of December 31, 2020 and 2019 are shown in the table below:
| December 31, 2020 | December 31, 2019
| Current liabilities | Noncurrent liabilities | Total liabilities | Current liabilities | Noncurrent liabilities | Total liabilities
Alto Tietê | 59,429 | 149,726 | 209,155 | 44,003 | 208,217 | 252,220
São Lourenço | 70,778 | 2,895,340 | 2,966,118 | 66,288 | 2,975,472 | 3,041,760
Total | 130,207 | 3,045,066 | 3,175,273 | 110,291 | 3,183,689 | 3,293,980
(h) Amortization of intangible assets The amortization average rate totaled 4.7% as of December 31, 2020 (4.2% as of December 31, 2019 and 2018). (i) Software license of use The software license of use is capitalized based on the costs incurred to acquire software and make them ready for use. As of April 10, 2017, the Company implemented the Integrated Business Management System (Enterprise Resource Planning – SAP ERP), which includes the administrative/financial module. The implementation of the commercial module is in progress. The implementation of the commercial module Net@Suíte system began in August 2019 and is being carried out in different phases. As of December 31, 2020, it had already been implemented in 17 municipalities. The implementation is expected to be concluded in December 2021. (j) Right of use The statement of financial position account Right of Use, created by the Company on January 1, 2019, reflects the amendment introduced by IFRS 16, which requires lessees to record the right-of-use asset and the lease liability. The Company has utilized the exemption in adoption of IFRS 16 related to leases with a lease term of 12 months or less and containing no purchase options and leases where the underlying asset has a low value when new. For those leases accounted for under the exemption option, the Company recognized R$ 3,157, R$ 8,736 and R$ 1,950 in its results, allocated to operating costs, selling expenses and administrative expenses, respectively in 2020. Details of right of use asset are as follows:
Nature |  | December 31, 2020 | December 31, 2019
Leases - Contract Assets |  | 276,893 | 276,893
Leases - Concession Agreements and Program Contracts |  |  |
Cost |  | 405,426 | 405,426
Accumulated amortization |  | (135,865) | (112,602)
(=) Net |  | 269,561 | 292,824
Other assets |  |  |
Vehicles |  | 115,208 | 91,709
Properties |  | 15,508 | 13,309
Equipment |  | 4,541 | 3,801
Other assets |  | 6,525 | 4,414
Accumulated amortization |  | (99,106) | (42,535)
(=) Net |  | 42,676 | 70,698
Right of use |  | 589,130 | 640,415
Lease liability corresponds to total future fixed lease payments, adjusted to present value, considering an incremental rate on borrowings. For further information, see Note 17. The table below shows the impact in the income statements:
Impact in the income statement
| December 31, 2020 | December 31, 2019
Right-of-use amortization | (79,834) | (65,413)
Financial result – interest expenses | (62,956) | (54,791)
Short-term and low-value lease expenses | (13,845) | (51,855)
Decrease of the income of the year | (156,635) | (172,059)
(k) Performance Agreements SABESP has performance agreements for the construction of assets, in which the contractor is paid for the delivery of results, not only for the execution of the construction works. The performance agreements have basically three phases: (i) implementation of the scope - construction of the asset; (ii) calculation of the performance of the asset built; and (iii) payment of fixed installments. SABESP monitors the performance of the agreement and recognizes the assets when future economic benefits are generated for the Company so that costs can be reliably measured. The performance value is part of the asset’s cost, as it has better performance and, consequently, generates additional future economic benefits for the Company. The limit to be paid to the supplier corresponds to 120% of the base value of the agreement. In most agreements, when the minimum performance percentage is not reached, the amount to be paid to the supplier will be the cost of the materials used in the construction of the assets only. As of December 31, 2020 and 2019, the accounting balances of these agreements recorded in contract asset were R$ 306,738 and R$ 51,650, and in intangible assets they totaled R$ 265,940 and R$ 127,410, respectively.

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