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Risk Management (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2018
Risk Management [Abstract]  
Capital risk management

Details of the Company’s capital management accounts as of December 31, 2017 and 2018 are as follows:

 

          2017     2018  
          In millions of won  

Total borrowings and debt securities

        54,747,392       61,034,627  

Cash and cash equivalents

      2,369,739       1,358,345  
   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net borrowings and debt securities

      52,377,653       59,676,282  
   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total shareholder’s equity

      72,964,641       71,092,762  
   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Debt to equity ratio

      71.78     83.94

 

Credit risk management

Book values of the financial assets represent the maximum exposed amounts of the credit risk. Details of the Company’s level of maximum exposure to credit risk as of December 31, 2017 and 2018 are as follows:

 

            2017      2018  
            In millions of won  

Cash and cash equivalents

          2,369,739        1,358,345  

Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss

        —          920,935  

Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss

        111,512        —    

Derivative assets (trading)

        22,020        37,631  

Equity investment at fair value through other comprehensive income

        —          399,495  

Available-for-sale financial assets

        699,833        —    

Financial assets at amortized cost

        —          14,042  

Held-to-maturity investments

        3,144        —    

Loans

        905,641        718,674  

Long-term/short-term financial instruments

        2,244,514        2,318,027  

Derivative assets (applying hedge accounting)

        10,606        64,704  

Trade and other receivables

        9,683,769        9,613,437  

Financial guarantee contracts(*)

        1,154,862        1,310,817  

 

  (*)

Maximum exposure associated with the financial guarantee contracts is the maximum amounts of the obligation.

As of the reporting date, there are no financial assets and non-financial assets that were acquired through the exercise of the right of collateralized assets and reinforcement of credit arrangement.

Sensitivity analysis of Defined benefit obligation

A sensitivity analysis of defined benefit obligation assuming a 1% increase and decrease movements in the actuarial valuation assumptions as of December 31, 2017 and 2018 are as follows:

 

              2017     2018  

Type

 

Accounts

        1% Increase     1% Decrease     1% Increase     1% Decrease  
    In millions of won  

Future salary increases

 

Increase (decrease) in

defined benefit obligation

        354,852       (305,494     416,956       (363,820

Discount rate

  Increase (decrease) in defined benefit obligation       (313,597     377,148       (377,221     445,833  

 

Changes of employee benefits assuming a 1% increase and decrease movements in discount rate on plan asset for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2018 are ₩8,926 million and ₩14,646 million, respectively.

Changes in provisions due to movements in underlying assumptions

Changes in provisions due to movements in underlying assumptions as of December 31, 2017 and 2018 are as follows:

 

Type

   Accounts    2017     2018  

PCBs

   Inflation rate      1.23     1.27
   Discount rate      2.55     2.18

Nuclear plants

   Inflation rate      1.21     1.21
   Discount rate      2.94     2.94

Spent fuel

   Inflation rate      2.93     2.93
   Discount rate      4.49     4.49

Sensitivity analysis of Provisions due to movements in underlying assumptions

A sensitivity analysis of provisions assuming a 0.1% increase and decrease movements in the underlying assumptions as of December 31, 2017 and 2018 are as follows:

 

                2017     2018  

Type

   Accounts          0.1% Increase     0.1% Decrease     0.1% Increase     0.1% Decrease  
     In millions of won  

Discount rate

   PCBs          (811     816       (623     627  
   Nuclear plants        (262,949     270,370       (256,513     263,595  
   Spent fuel        (51,015     52,997       (49,182     51,098  

Inflation rate

   PCBs        826       (822     632       (629
   Nuclear plants        287,926       (280,249     294,984       (287,110
   Spent fuel        53,763       (51,823     51,837       (49,961

Foreign currency risk

The Company undertakes transactions denominated in foreign currencies; consequently, exposures to exchange rate fluctuations arise. The carrying amounts of the Company’s foreign currency denominated monetary assets and monetary liabilities as of December 31, 2017 and 2018 are as follows:

 

     Assets      Liabilities  

Type

   2017      2018      2017      2018  
     In thousands of foreign currencies  

AED

     5,693        10,513        2,049        5,890  

AUD

     145        143        652,259        717,712  

BDT

     60,208        71,575        1,001        1,175  

BWP

     797        1,214        —          —    

CAD

     82        96        171        4  

CHF

     —          —          400,004        400,000  

CNY

     13,007        —          26,140        26,140  

EUR

     5,708        337        68,003        105,673  

GBP

     3        —          2,327        1  

HKD

     —          —          —          1,650,000  

IDR

     167,775        60,568        —          206,935  

INR

     1,228,259        1,228,795        227,078        183,963  

JOD

     1,624        2,764        5        5  

JPY

     799,501        35,935        21,624,128        390,921  

KZT

     359        319        —          —    

MGA

     2,762,572        3,318,447        319,581        170,641  

NOK

     —          —          482        —    

PHP

     189,261        709,285        125,431        66,985  

PKR

     251,190        305,542        4,676        3,588  

SAR

     1,191        2,024        44        —    

SEK

     —          —          449,002        450,000  

USD

     1,653,858        1,422,510        8,321,335        8,103,602  

UYU

     12,955        39,898        10,586        4,253  

ZAR

     361        170        4        4  

MMK

     —          25,208        —          —    

GHS

     —          25,794        —          —    

Sensitivity analysis of Foreign currency risk

A sensitivity analysis on the Company’s income for the period assuming a 10% increase and decrease in currency exchange rates as of December 31, 2017 and 2018 are as follows:

 

          2017     2018  

Type

        10% Increase     10% Decrease     10% Increase     10% Decrease  
          In millions of won  

Increase (decrease) of profit before
income tax

        (844,122     844,122       (887,561     887,561  

Increase (decrease) of shareholder’s
equity(*)

      (844,122     844,122       (887,561     887,561  

 

  (*)

The effect on the shareholders’ equity excluding the impact of income taxes.

Interest rate risk

The Company’s borrowings and debt securities with floating interest rates as of December 31, 2017 and 2018 are as follows:

 

Type

         2017      2018  
           In millions of won  

Short-term borrowings

         290,873        24,235  

Long-term borrowings

       1,743,252        2,358,860  

Debt securities

       685,700        —    
    

 

 

    

 

 

 
         2,719,825        2,383,095  
    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

Sensitivity analysis of Interest rate risk

A sensitivity analysis on the Company’s long-term borrowings and debt securities assuming a 1% increase and decrease in interest rates, without consideration of hedge effect of related derivatives for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2018 are as follows:

 

           2017     2018  

Type

         1% Increase     1% Decrease     1% Increase     1% Decrease  
           In millions of won  

Increase (decrease) of profit before income tax

         (27,198     27,198       (23,831     23,831  

Increase (decrease) of shareholder’s equity(*)

       (27,198     27,198       (23,831     23,831  

 

  (*)

The effect on the shareholders’ equity excluding the impact of income taxes.

Electricity rates risk

A sensitivity analysis on the Company’s income for the period assuming a 1% increase and decrease in price of electricity for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2018 are as follows:

 

          2017     2018  

Type

        1% Increase     1% Decrease     1% Increase     1% Decrease  
          In millions of won  

Increase (decrease) of profit before income tax

        546,499       (546,499     568,420       (568,420

Increase (decrease) of shareholder’s equity(*)

      546,499       (546,499     568,420       (568,420

 

  (*)

The effect on the shareholders’ equity excluding the impact of income taxes.

Details of maturities of non-derivative financial liabilities

The following table shows the details of maturities of non-derivative financial liabilities as of December 31, 2017 and 2018. This table, based on the undiscounted cash flows of the non-derivative financial liabilities including estimated interests, has been prepared based on the respective liabilities’ earliest maturity date.

 

          2017  

Type

        Less than
1 year
    1~2 Years     2~5 Years     More than
5 years
    Total  
          In millions of won  

Borrowings and debt securities

        10,748,437       7,948,320       21,331,394       22,694,867       62,723,018  

Finance lease liabilities

      174,534       87,709       185,284       108,749       556,276  

Trade and other payables

      5,867,729       301,165       698,289       1,937,558       8,804,741  

Financial guarantee contracts(*)

      7,081       18,054       1,049,667       80,060       1,154,862  
   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 
        16,797,781       8,355,248       23,264,634       24,821,234       73,238,897  
   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

          2018  

Type

        Less than
1 year
    1~2 Years     2~5 Years     More than
5 years
    Total  
          In millions of won  

Borrowings and debt securities

        10,204,471       9,274,378       28,143,311       25,312,534       72,934,694  

Finance lease liabilities

      87,709       87,709       141,074       65,250       381,742  

Trade and other payables

      6,348,195       150,479       375,661       2,188,950       9,063,285  

Financial guarantee contracts(*)

      91,722       855,488       363,607       —         1,310,817  
   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 
        16,732,097       10,368,054       29,023,653       27,566,734       83,690,538  
   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

  (*)

This represents the total guarantee amounts associated with the financial guarantee contracts. Financial guarantee liabilities which are recognized as of December 31, 2017 and 2018 are ₩23,475 million and ₩15,586 million, respectively.

The expected maturities for non-derivative financial assets

The expected maturities for non-derivative financial assets as of December 31, 2017 and 2018 in detail are as follows:

 

           2017  

Type

         Less than
1 year
    1~5 Years     More than
5 years
    Other(*)     Total  
           In millions of won  

Cash and cash equivalents

         2,369,739       —         —         —         2,369,739  

Available-for-sale financial assets

       —         —         214,156       485,677       699,833  

Held-to-maturity investments

       5       3,139       —         —         3,144  

Loans

       244,309       261,672       429,628       10,821       946,430  

Long-term/short-term financial instruments

       1,702,084       201,821       340,304       305       2,244,514  

Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss

       —         —         111,512       —         111,512  

Trade and other receivables

       7,930,715       920,539       788,795       52,031       9,692,080  
    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 
         12,246,852       1,387,171       1,884,395       548,834       16,067,252  
    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

           2018  

Type

         Less than
1 year
    1~5 Years     More than
5 years
    Other(*)     Total  
           In millions of won  

Cash and cash equivalents

         1,358,345       —         —         —         1,358,345  

Equity investment at fair value through other comprehensive income

       —         —         —         399,495       399,495  

Financial assets at amortized cost

       11,956       2,086       —         —         14,042  

Loans

       123,646       314,744       319,988       —         758,378  

Long-term/short-term financial instruments

       1,869,286       278,899       164,057       5,785       2,318,027  

Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss

       313,893       81,828       483,398       41,816       920,935  

Trade and other receivables

       7,795,619       1,067,800       701,743       57,651       9,622,813  
    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 
         11,472,745       1,745,357       1,669,186       504,747       15,392,035  
    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

  (*)

The maturities cannot be presently determined.

Derivative liabilities classified by maturity periods which from reporting date to maturity date of contract

Derivative liabilities classified by maturity periods which from reporting date to maturity date of contract as of December 31, 2017 and 2018 are as follows:

 

           2017  

Type

         Less than
1 year
    1~2 Years     2~5 Years     More than
5 years
    Total  
           In millions of won  

Net settlement

            

—Trading

         (774     —         —         —         (774

Gross settlement

            

—Trading

       (51,496     (19,887     (16,597     (4,967     (92,947

—Hedging

       (17,547     (28,977     (192,205     (44,137     (282,866
    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 
         (69,817     (48,864     (208,802     (49,104     (376,587
    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

           2018  

Type

         Less than
1 year
     1~2 Years     2~5 Years      More than
5 years
    Total  
           In millions of won  

Net settlement

              

—Trading

         —          —         —          —         —    

Gross settlement

              

—Trading

       5,734        16,565       28,283        40,124       90,706  

—Hedging

       5,154        (43,447     71,840        (40,917     (7,370
    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 
         10,888        (26,882     100,123        (793     83,336  
    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

Fair value and book value of financial assets and liabilities

Fair value and book value of financial assets and liabilities as of December 31, 2017 and 2018 are as follows:

 

           2017     2018  

Type

         Book value     Fair value     Book value     Fair value  
           In millions of won  

Assets recognized at fair value

          

Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income

         —         —         399,495       399,495  

Available-for-sale financial assets(*1)

       699,833       699,833       —         —    

Derivative assets (trading)

       22,020       22,020       37,631       37,631  

Derivative assets (applying hedge accounting)

       10,606       10,606       64,704       64,704  

Long-term financial instruments

       542,430       542,430       —         —    

Short-term financial instruments

       1,702,084       1,702,084       —         —    

Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss

       —         —         920,935       920,935  

Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss

       111,512       111,512       —         —    
    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 
         3,088,485       3,088,485       1,422,765       1,422,765  
    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Assets carried at amortized cost

          

Financial assets at amortized cost

         —         —         14,042       14,042  

Held-to-maturity investments

       3,144       3,144       —         —    

Loans and receivables

       905,641       905,641       718,674       718,674  

Long-term financial instruments

       —         —         448,741       448,741  

Short-term financial instruments

       —         —         1,869,286       1,869,286  

Trade and other receivables

       9,683,769       9,683,769       9,613,437       9,613,437  

Cash and cash equivalents

       2,369,739       2,369,739       1,358,345       1,358,345  
    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 
         12,962,293       12,962,293       14,022,525       14,022,525  
    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Liabilities recognized at fair value

          

Derivative liabilities (trading)

         150,929       150,929       99,010       99,010  

Derivative liabilities (applying hedge accounting)

       277,130       277,130       213,153       213,153  
    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 
         428,059       428,059       312,163       312,163  
    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Liabilities carried at amortized cost

              

Secured borrowings

          1,055,554        1,055,554        741,029        741,029  

Unsecured bond

        51,146,783        53,436,659        56,603,988        58,804,070  

Finance lease liabilities

        418,260        418,260        283,806        283,806  

Unsecured borrowings

        2,476,196        2,477,055        3,522,602        3,950,517  

Trade and other payables(*2)

        8,804,741        8,804,741        9,063,285        9,063,285  

Bank overdraft

        68,859        68,859        167,008        167,008  
     

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 
          63,970,393        66,261,128        70,381,718        73,009,715  
     

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

  (*1)

Book value of equity securities held by the Company that were measured at cost as of December 31, 2017 is ₩37,926 million as a quoted market price does not exist in an active market and its fair value cannot be measured reliably.

 

  (*2)

Excludes finance lease liabilities.

Interest rates used for determining fair value

The discount rate used for calculating fair value as of December 31, 2017 and 2018 are as follows:

 

Type

   2017      2018  

Derivatives

     0.03% ~ 4.16%        0.02% ~ 4.16%  

Borrowings and debt securities

     0.08% ~ 4.38%        0.51% ~ 5.14%  

Finance lease

     9.00% ~ 10.83%        3.50% ~ 10.83%  

 

Fair value hierarchy

Fair values of financial instruments by hierarchy level as of December 31, 2017 and 2018 are as follows:

 

            2017  

Type

          Level 1      Level 2      Level 3      Total  
            In millions of won  

Financial assets at fair value

              

Available-for-sale financial assets

          274,453        214,156        173,298        661,907  

Derivative assets

        —          18,466        14,160        32,626  

Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss

        —          111,512        —          111,512  
     

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 
          274,453        344,134        187,458        806,045  
     

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Financial liabilities at fair value

              

Derivative liabilities

          —          428,059        —          428,059  
     

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 
            2018  

Type

          Level 1      Level 2      Level 3      Total  
            In millions of won  

Financial assets at fair value

              

Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income

          210,056        —          189,439        399,495  

Derivative assets

        —          100,490        1,845        102,335  

Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss

        106,600        809,283        5,052        920,935  
     

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 
          316,656        909,773        196,336        1,422,765,  
     

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Financial liabilities at fair value

              

Derivative liabilities

          —          310,008        2,155        312,163  
     

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Changes of financial assets and liabilities which are classified as level 3

Changes of financial assets and liabilities which are classified as level 3 for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2018 are as follows:

 

          2017  
          Beginning
balance
    Acquisition     Reclassified
category
    Valuation     Disposal     Foreign
currency
translation
    Ending
balance
 
          In millions of won  

Financial assets at fair value

               

Available-for-sale financial assets

               

Unlisted securities

        269,461       —         (92,128     (6,201     —         2,166       173,298  

 

          2018    

 

 
          Beginning
balance
    Effect of
change in
accounting
policy
    Acquisition     Reclassified
category
    Valuation     Disposal     Foreign
currency
translation
    Ending
balance
 
          In millions of won        

Financial assets at fair value

                 

Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss

                 

Cooperative

        —         5,038       —         —         14       —         —         5,052  

Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income

                 

Unlisted securities

      —         197,450       —         —         (11,744     (326     4,059       189,439