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Risk Management (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2019
Risk Management [Abstract]  
Capital risk management

Capital risk management

The Company manages its capital to ensure that entities in the Company will be able to continue while maximizing the return to shareholder through the optimization of the debt and equity balance. The capital structure of the Company consists of net debt (offset by cash and cash equivalents) and equity. The Company’s overall capital risk management strategy remains consistent with the prior year.

Details of the Company’s capital management accounts as of December 31, 2018 and 2019 are as follows:

 

            2018     2019  
            In millions of won  

Total borrowings and debt securities

          61,034,627       67,876,541  

Cash and cash equivalents

        1,358,345       1,810,129  
     

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net borrowings and debt securities

        59,676,282       66,066,412  
     

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total shareholders’ equity

        71,092,762       68,889,649  
     

 

 

   

 

 

 

Debt to equity ratio

        83.94     95.90

 

Credit risk management

Book values of the financial assets represent the maximum exposed amounts of the credit risk. Details of the Company’s level of maximum exposure to credit risk as of December 31, 2018 and 2019 are as follows:

 

            2018      2019  
            In millions of won  

Cash and cash equivalents

          1,358,345        1,810,129  

Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss

        920,935        747,261  

Derivative assets (trading)

        37,631        165,204  

Financial assets at amortized cost

        14,042        13,609  

Loans

        718,674        738,707  

Long-term/short-term financial instruments

        2,318,027        1,960,227  

Derivative assets (applying hedge accounting)

        64,704        145,829  

Trade and other receivables

        9,613,437        9,703,749  

Financial guarantee contracts(*)

        1,310,817        3,338,566  

 

  (*)

Maximum exposure associated with the financial guarantee contracts is the maximum amounts of the obligation.

Sensitivity analysis of Defined benefit obligation

A sensitivity analysis of defined benefit obligation assuming a 1% increase and decrease movements in the actuarial valuation assumptions as of December 31, 2018 and 2019 are as follows:

 

              2018     2019  

Type

 

Accounts

        1% Increase     1% Decrease     1% Increase     1% Decrease  
              In millions of won  

Future salary increases

 

Increase (decrease) in

defined benefit obligation

        416,956       (363,820     442,748       (386,147

Discount rate

  Increase (decrease) in defined benefit obligation       (377,221     445,833       (402,099     475,765  

Changes of employee benefits assuming a 1% increase and decrease movements in discount rate on plan asset for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2019 are ₩14,646 million and ₩17,734 million, respectively.

Changes in provisions due to movements in underlying assumptions

Changes in provisions due to movements in underlying assumptions as of December 31, 2018 and 2019 are as follows:

 

Type

   Accounts    2018     2019  

PCBs

   Inflation rate      1.27     1.09
   Discount rate      2.18     1.97

Nuclear plants

   Inflation rate      1.21     1.10
   Discount rate      2.94     2.43

Spent fuel

   Inflation rate      2.93     2.93
   Discount rate      4.49     4.49

Sensitivity analysis of Provisions due to movements in underlying assumptions

A sensitivity analysis of provisions assuming a 0.1% increase and decrease movements in the underlying assumptions as of December 31, 2018 and 2019 are as follows:

 

                2018     2019  

Type

   Accounts          0.1% Increase     0.1% Decrease     0.1% Increase     0.1% Decrease  
                In millions of won  

Discount rate

   PCBs          (623     627       (527     530  
   Nuclear plants        (256,513     263,595       (316,184     325,828  
   Spent fuel        (49,182     51,098       (51,607     53,621  

Inflation rate

   PCBs        632       (629     534       (532
   Nuclear plants        294,984       (287,110     346,082       (336,182
   Spent fuel        51,837       (49,961     54,396       (52,424

 

Foreign currency risk

The Company undertakes transactions denominated in foreign currencies; consequently, exposures to exchange rate fluctuations arise. The carrying amounts of the Company’s foreign currency denominated monetary assets and monetary liabilities as of December 31, 2018 and 2019 are as follows:

 

     Assets      Liabilities  

Type

   2018      2019      2018      2019  
     In thousands of foreign currencies  

AED

     10,513        57,403        5,890        40,061  

AUD

     143        143        717,712        1,036,785  

BDT

     71,575        85,547        1,175        635  

BWP

     1,214        1,437        —          —    

CAD

     96        86        4        3,112  

CHF

     —          —          400,000        500,753  

CNY

     —          —          26,140        26,140  

CZK

     —          —          —          243  

EUR

     337        208        105,673        111,199  

GBP

     —          —          1        191  

GHS

     25,794        —          —          —    

HKD

     —          —          1,650,000        1,648,815  

IDR

     60,568        376,136        206,935        219,801  

INR

     1,228,795        1,244,170        183,963        210,232  

JOD

     2,764        1,516        5        147  

JPY

     35,935        109,970        390,921        314,402  

KZT

     319        319        —          —    

MGA

     3,318,447        3,858,201        170,641        133,403  

MMK

     25,208        29,651        —          —    

PHP

     709,285        175,210        66,985        130,073  

PKR

     305,542        354,361        3,588        4,366  

SAR

     2,024        2,653        —          480  

SEK

     —          —          450,000        449,072  

USD

     1,422,510        1,227,054        8,103,602        9,963,928  

UYU

     39,898        58,781        4,253        8,213  

VND

     —          418,998        —          1,375  

ZAR

     170        450        4        6  

 

Sensitivity analysis of Foreign currency risk

A sensitivity analysis on the Company’s income for the period assuming a 10% increase and decrease in currency exchange rates as of December 31, 2018 and 2019 are as follows:

 

            2018      2019  

Type

          10% Increase      10% Decrease      10% Increase      10% Decrease  
            In millions of won  

Increase (decrease) of profit before income tax

          (887,561      887,561        (1,197,530      1,197,530  

Increase (decrease) of shareholder’s equity(*)

        (887,561      887,561        (1,197,530      1,197,530  

 

  (*)

The effect on the shareholders’ equity excluding the impact of income taxes.

Interest rate risk

The Company’s borrowings and debt securities with floating interest rates as of December 31, 2018 and 2019 are as follows:

 

Type

         2018      2019  
           In millions of won  

Short-term borrowings

         24,235        —    

Long-term borrowings

       2,358,860        2,273,579  

Debt securities

       —          243,102  
    

 

 

    

 

 

 
         2,383,095        2,516,681  

Sensitivity analysis of Interest rate risk

A sensitivity analysis on the Company’s long-term borrowings and debt securities assuming a 1% increase and decrease in interest rates, without consideration of hedge effect of related derivatives for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2019 are as follows:

 

           2018     2019  

Type

         1% Increase     1% Decrease     1% Increase     1% Decrease  
           In millions of won  

Increase (decrease) of profit before income tax

         (23,831     23,831       (25,167     25,167  

Increase (decrease) of shareholder’s equity(*)

       (23,831     23,831       (25,167     25,167  

 

  (*)

The effect on the shareholders’ equity excluding the impact of income taxes.

Electricity rates risk

A sensitivity analysis on the Company’s income for the period assuming a 1% increase and decrease in price of electricity for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2019 are as follows:

 

          2018     2019  

Type

        1% Increase     1% Decrease     1% Increase     1% Decrease  
          In millions of won  

Increase (decrease) of profit before income tax

        568,420       (568,420     559,390       (559,390

Increase (decrease) of shareholder’s equity(*)

      568,420       (568,420     559,390       (559,390

 

  (*)

The effect on the shareholders’ equity excluding the impact of income taxes.

Details of maturities of non-derivative financial liabilities

The following table shows the details of maturities of non-derivative financial liabilities as of December 31, 2018 and 2019. This table, based on the undiscounted cash flows of the non-derivative financial liabilities including estimated interests, has been prepared based on the respective liabilities’ earliest maturity date.

 

          2018  

Type

        Less than
1 year
    1~2 Years     2~5 Years     More than
5 years
    Total  
          In millions of won  

Borrowings and debt securities

        10,204,471       9,274,378       28,143,311       25,312,534       72,934,694  

Finance lease liabilities

      87,709       87,709       141,074       65,250       381,742  

Trade and other payables

      6,348,195       150,479       375,661       2,188,950       9,063,285  

Financial guarantee contracts(*)

      91,722       855,488       363,607       —         1,310,817  
   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 
        16,732,097       10,368,054       29,023,653       27,566,734       83,690,538  
   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

          2019  

Type

        Less than
1 year
    1~2 Years     2~5 Years     More than
5 years
    Total  
          In millions of won  

Borrowings and debt securities

        10,660,737       10,997,510       27,881,873       30,859,669       80,399,789  

Lease liabilities

      686,445       617,449       1,717,434       2,735,681       5,757,009  

Trade and other payables

      6,014,054       382,809       971,469       1,176,697       8,545,029  

Financial guarantee contracts(*)

      937,091       302,186       32,314       2,066,975       3,338,566  
   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 
        18,298,327       12,299,954       30,603,090       36,839,022       98,040,393  
   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

  (*)

This represents the total guarantee amounts associated with the financial guarantee contracts. Financial guarantee liabilities which are recognized as of December 31, 2018 and 2019 are ₩15,586 million and ₩81,357 million, respectively.

The expected maturities for non-derivative financial assets

The expected maturities for non-derivative financial assets as of December 31, 2018 and 2019 in detail are as follows:

 

           2018  

Type

         Less than
1 year
    1~5 Years     More than
5 years
    Other(*)     Total  
           In millions of won  

Cash and cash equivalents

         1,358,345       —         —         —         1,358,345  

Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income

       —         —         —         399,495       399,495  

Financial assets at amortized cost

       11,956       2,086       —         —         14,042  

Loans

       123,646       314,744       319,988       —         758,378  

Long-term/short-term financial instruments

       1,869,286       278,899       164,057       5,785       2,318,027  

Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss

       313,893       81,828       483,398       41,816       920,935  

Trade and other receivables

       7,795,619       1,067,800       701,743       57,651       9,622,813  
    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 
         11,472,745       1,745,357       1,669,186       504,747       15,392,035  
    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

           2019  

Type

         Less than
1 year
    1~5 Years     More than
5 years
    Other(*)     Total  
           In millions of won  

Cash and cash equivalents

         1,810,129       —         —         —         1,810,129  

Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income

       —         —         —         379,170       379,170  

Financial assets at amortized cost

       12,302       1,307       —         —         13,609  

Loans

       64,081       346,583       336,502       27,606       774,772  

Long-term/short-term financial instruments

       1,351,971       269,863       —         338,393       1,960,227  

Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss

       131,385       79       —         615,797       747,261  

Trade and other receivables

       7,703,746       980,951       818,431       207,979       9,711,107  
    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 
         11,073,614       1,598,783       1,154,933       1,568,945       15,396,275  
    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

  (*)

The maturities cannot be presently determined.

Derivative liabilities classified by maturity periods which from reporting date to maturity date of contract

Derivative liabilities classified by maturity periods which from reporting date to maturity dates as per the contracts as of December 31, 2018 and 2019 are as follows:

 

           2018  

Type

         Less than
1 year
     1~2 Years     2~5 Years      More than
5 years
    Total  
           In millions of won  

Net settlement

              

—Trading

         —          —         —          —         —    

Gross settlement

              

—Trading

       5,734        16,565       28,283        40,124       90,706  

—Hedging

       5,154        (43,447     71,840        (40,917     (7,370
    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 
         10,888        (26,882     100,123        (793     83,336  
    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

           2019  

Type

         Less than
1 year
    1~2 Years     2~5 Years     More than
5 years
    Total  
           In millions of won  

Net settlement

            

—Trading

         (3,017     —         —         —         (3,017

Gross settlement

            

—Trading

       (15,011     (8,295     (39,654     4,235       (58,725

—Hedging

       (59,846     (21,466     (1,914     (33,588     (116,814
    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 
         (77,874     (29,761     (41,568     (29,353     (178,556
    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

Fair value and book value of financial assets and liabilities

Fair value and book value of financial assets and liabilities as of December 31, 2018 and 2019 are as follows:

 

           2018     2019  

Type

         Book value     Fair value     Book value     Fair value  
           In millions of won  

Assets recognized at fair value

          

Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income

         399,495       399,495       379,170       379,170  

Derivative assets (trading)

       37,631       37,631       165,204       165,204  

Derivative assets (applying hedge accounting)

       64,704       64,704       145,829       145,829  

Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss

       920,935       920,935       747,261       747,261  
    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 
         1,422,765       1,422,765       1,437,464       1,437,464  
    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Assets carried at amortized cost

          

Financial assets at amortized cost

         14,042       14,042       13,609       13,609  

Loans and receivables

       718,674       718,674       738,707       738,707  

Long-term financial instruments

       448,741       448,741       608,256       608,256  

Short-term financial instruments

       1,869,286       1,869,286       1,351,971       1,351,971  

Trade and other receivables

       9,613,437       9,613,437       9,703,749       9,703,749  

Cash and cash equivalents

       1,358,345       1,358,345       1,810,129       1,810,129  
    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 
         14,022,525       14,022,525       14,226,421       14,226,421  
    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Liabilities recognized at fair value

          

Derivative liabilities (trading)

         99,010       99,010       53,147       53,147  

Derivative liabilities (applying hedge accounting)

       213,153       213,153       116,813       116,813  
    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 
         312,163       312,163       169,960       169,960  
    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Liabilities carried at amortized cost

          

Secured borrowings

         741,029       741,029       227,135       227,135  

Unsecured bond

       56,603,988       58,804,070       63,171,664       66,917,421  

Lease liabilities

       —         —         5,070,133       5,070,133  

Finance lease liabilities

       283,806       283,806       —         —    

Unsecured borrowings

       3,522,602       3,950,517       4,104,523       4,113,955  

Trade and other payables(*)

       9,063,285       9,063,285       8,545,029       8,545,029  

Bank overdraft

       167,008       167,008       373,219       373,219  
    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 
         70,381,718       73,009,715       81,491,703       85,246,892  
    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

  (*)

Excludes lease liabilities (current year) and finance lease liabilities (prior year)

Interest rates used for determining fair value

The discount rate used for calculating fair value as of December 31, 2018 and 2019 are as follows:

 

Type

   2018      2019  

Derivatives

     0.02% ~ 4.16%        0.01% ~ 4.16%  

Borrowings and debt securities

     0.51% ~ 5.14%        0.17% ~ 3.90%  

Lease

     3.50% ~ 10.83%        1.38% ~ 10.83%  

 

Fair value hierarchy

Fair values of financial instruments by hierarchy level as of December 31, 2018 and 2019 are as follows:

 

            2018  

Type

          Level 1      Level 2      Level 3      Total  
            In millions of won  

Financial assets at fair value

              

Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income

          210,056        —          189,439        399,495  

Derivative assets

        —          100,490        1,845        102,335  

Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss

        106,600        809,283        5,052        920,935  
     

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 
          316,656        909,773        196,336        1,422,765  
     

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Financial liabilities at fair value

              

Derivative liabilities

          —          310,008        2,155        312,163  
     

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

            2019  

Type

          Level 1      Level 2      Level 3      Total  
            In millions of won  

Financial assets at fair value

              

Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income

          201,202        —          177,968     

 

379,170

 

Derivative assets

        —          308,399        2,634        311,033  

Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss

        —          742,105        5,156        747,261  
     

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 
          201,202        1,050,504        185,758        1,437,464  
     

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Financial liabilities at fair value

              

Derivative liabilities

          —          169,960        —          169,960  
     

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Changes of financial assets and liabilities which are classified as level 3

Changes of financial assets and liabilities which are classified as level 3 for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2019 are as follows:

 

          2018    

 

 
          Beginning
balance
    Effect of
change in
accounting
policy
    Acquisition     Reclassified
category
    Valuation     Disposal     Foreign
currency
translation
    Ending
balance
 
          In millions of won        

Financial assets at fair value

                 

Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss

                 

Cooperative

        —         5,038       —         —         14       —         —         5,052  

Financial assets at fair
value through other comprehensive income

                 

Unlisted securities

      —         197,450       —         —         (11,744     (326     4,059       189,439  

 

          2019    

 

 
          Beginning
balance
    Effect of
change in
accounting
policy
    Acquisition     Reclassified
category
    Valuation     Disposal     Foreign
currency
translation
    Ending
balance
 
          In millions of won        

Financial assets at fair value

                 

Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss

                 

Cooperative

        5,052       —         40       —         64       —         —         5,156  

Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income

                 

Unlisted securities

      189,439       —         1,876             3,715       (19,315     2,253       177,968