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Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows - KRW (₩)
₩ in Millions
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Dec. 31, 2020
Cash flows from operating activities      
Profit (loss) for the year ₩ (24,429,108) ₩ (5,215,581) ₩ 2,093,683
Adjustments to reconcile profit (loss) for the year to net cash provided by operating activities:      
Income tax expense (benefit) (9,414,511) (1,855,989) 899,064
Depreciation 12,305,252 11,776,331 11,377,553
Amortization 156,160 166,161 170,466
Employee benefit expense 485,700 512,270 492,288
Bad debt expense 29,997 67,242 50,686
Interest expense 2,818,546 1,914,457 1,995,425
Loss on disposal of financial assets 1,841 1,045 648
Loss on disposal of property, plant and equipment 100,066 92,622 162,725
Loss on abandonment of property, plant and equipment 160,909 207,934 255,346
Loss on impairment of property, plant and equipment (97,425) 4,056 80,413
Loss on impairment of intangible assets 164 0 3,599
Loss on disposal of intangible assets 116 145 392
Increase in provisions 2,146,979 2,466,452 1,832,765
Loss (gain) on foreign currency translation, net 523,285 997,119 (782,167)
Gain on valuation of financial assets at fair value through profit or loss (7,099) (14,338) (12,904)
Loss on valuation of financial assets at fair value through profit or loss 44,329 5,480 7,396
Valuation and transaction loss (gain) on derivative instruments, net (448,903) (907,076) 390,322
Gain on valuation of investments in associates and joint ventures, net (1,338,293) (557,056) (279,124)
Gain on disposal of financial assets (11,199) (7,718) (11,992)
Reversal of impairment loss on intangible assets 0 (14) 0
Gain on disposal of property, plant and equipment (148,667) (56,284) (93,195)
Gain on disposal of intangible assets (41) (1) (1,556)
Gain on disposal of investments in associates and joint ventures (11,091) (1,844) (10,165)
Loss on disposal of investments in associates and joint ventures 1,675 64,119 16
Impairment loss on investments in associates and joint ventures 5,174 0 1,556
Loss on disposal of investments in subsidiaries 32,144 197 6,610
Interest income (340,753) (221,874) (242,586)
Dividend income (28,875) (10,522) (7,316)
Others, net 215,943 (169,856) 29,198
Adjustments to reconcile profit (loss) for the year to net cash provided by operating activities 7,181,423 14,473,058 16,315,463
Changes in working capital:      
Trade receivables (1,909,649) (216,734) (107,639)
Non-trade receivables 80,444 869,870 459,524
Accrued income (34,706) (17,918) (258,963)
Other receivables 80,236 24,306 (32,536)
Other current assets (651,926) (569,732) (462,125)
Inventories (3,000,669) (1,738,000) (723,495)
Other non-current assets 58,790 (3,462) (140,017)
Trade payables 2,782,474 2,144,561 (262,985)
Non-trade payables 61,737 (571,051) (363,260)
Accrued expenses (191,681) (456,992) (222,113)
Other current liabilities 446,064 379,378 388,163
Other non-current liabilities 422,916 458,007 755,005
Investments in associates and joint ventures (dividends received) 473,700 288,242 237,695
Provisions (1,564,243) (2,426,017) (1,499,436)
Payments of employee benefit obligations (218,319) (159,477) (74,848)
Plan assets (347,778) (317,707) (582,275)
Changes in working capital (3,512,610) (2,312,726) (2,889,305)
Cash generated from operating activities (20,760,295) 6,944,751 15,519,841
Dividends received (financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income) 28,875 10,522 7,316
Interest paid (2,517,694) (1,928,160) (2,081,663)
Interest received 220,471 201,022 215,183
Income taxes paid (448,857) (736,757) (452,203)
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities (23,477,500) 4,491,378 13,208,474
Cash flows from investing activities      
Proceeds from disposals of investments in associates and joint ventures 56,171 4,472 5,444
Acquisition of investments in associates and joint ventures (360,962) (673,017) (342,116)
Proceeds from disposals of property, plant and equipment 629,924 277,998 331,777
Acquisition of property, plant and equipment (12,346,878) (12,686,726) (13,281,294)
Proceeds from disposals of intangible assets 279 59 10,871
Acquisition of intangible assets (80,508) (113,100) (120,371)
Disposal of investment properties 515 0 0
Proceeds from disposals of financial assets 14,182,348 7,023,674 8,020,406
Acquisition of financial assets (16,496,258) (5,893,404) (9,203,450)
Increase in loans (401,377) (223,950) (336,744)
Collection of loans 102,061 218,704 215,292
Increase in deposits (237,266) (222,924) (276,255)
Decrease in deposits 141,000 166,066 280,941
Proceeds from disposals of assets held-for-sale 24,205 1,148 32,578
Receipt of government grants 50,755 37,920 41,209
Net cash outflow from changes in consolidation scope (31,350) (63,492) (24,624)
Other cash outflow from investing activities, net (186,412) (225,948) (185,476)
Net cash used in investing activities (14,953,753) (12,372,520) (14,831,812)
Cash flows from financing activities      
Proceeds from short-term borrowings, net 5,852,426 1,621,440 345,338
Proceeds from long-term borrowings and debt securities 43,594,078 17,392,311 10,170,107
Repayment of long-term borrowings and debt securities (10,252,688) (9,360,357) (7,976,658)
Payment of lease liabilities (562,646) (572,036) (613,977)
Settlement of derivative instruments, net 407,627 98,068 42,263
Change in non-controlling interests 175,645 90,096 11,554
Repayment of hybrid bond (169,537) 0 0
Dividends paid (hybrid bond) (13,461) (13,385) (13,385)
Dividends paid (42,348) (812,159) (81,298)
Other cash outflow from financing activities, net 8,803 (8,901) (3,120)
Net cash provided by financing activities 38,997,899 8,435,077 1,880,824
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents before effect of exchange rate fluctuations 566,646 553,935 257,486
Effect of exchange rate fluctuations on cash held 32,896 51,719 (38,031)
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents 599,542 605,654 219,455
Cash and cash equivalents at January 1 2,635,238 2,029,584 1,810,129
Cash and cash equivalents at December 31 ₩ 3,234,780 ₩ 2,635,238 ₩ 2,029,584