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SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES | 9 Months Ended
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Sep. 30, 2022
Accounting Policies [Abstract] |
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES | 2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES Basis of Accounting—The accompanying consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) and include the accounts of us and our subsidiaries. Principles of Consolidation—We consolidate all entities in which we have a controlling financial interest and control over significant operating decisions, as well as variable interest entities (“VIEs”) in which we are the primary beneficiary. All significant intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated. All adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals) considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. The ownership interest of other investors in consolidated subsidiaries is recorded as non-controlling interest. We use the equity method of accounting for investments in entities in which we exercise significant influence but which do not meet the requirements for consolidation. Under the equity method, we record our proportionate share of the underlying net income (loss) of these entities as well as the proportionate interest in adjustments to other comprehensive income (loss). Use of Estimates—The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Risks and Uncertainties—In the normal course of business, we encounter several significant types of economic risk including credit, market, and capital market risks. Credit risk is the risk of the inability or unwillingness of a lessee, customer, or derivative counterparty to make contractually required payments or to fulfill its other contractual obligations. Market risk reflects the risk of a downturn or volatility in the underlying industry segments in which we operate, which could adversely impact the pricing of the services offered by us or a lessee’s or customer’s ability to make payments, increase the risk of unscheduled lease terminations and depress lease rates and the value of our leasing equipment or operating assets. Capital market risk is the risk that we are unable to obtain capital at reasonable rates to fund the growth of our business or to refinance existing debt facilities. We, through our subsidiaries, also conduct operations outside of the United States; such international operations are subject to the same risks as those associated with our United States operations as well as additional risks, including unexpected changes in regulatory requirements, heightened risk of political and economic instability, potentially adverse tax consequences and the burden of complying with foreign laws. We do not have significant exposure to foreign currency risk as all of our leasing arrangements are denominated in U.S. dollars. Variable Interest Entities—The assessment of whether an entity is a VIE and the determination of whether to consolidate a VIE requires judgment. VIEs are defined as entities in which equity investors do not have the characteristics of a controlling financial interest or do not have sufficient equity at risk for the entity to finance its activities without additional subordinated financial support from other parties. A VIE is required to be consolidated by its primary beneficiary, and only by its primary beneficiary, which is defined as the party who has the power to direct the activities of a VIE that most significantly impact its economic performance and who has the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive benefits from the VIE that could potentially be significant to the VIE. Cash and Cash Equivalents—We consider all highly liquid short-term investments with a maturity of 90 days or less when purchased to be cash equivalents. Inventory—We hold aircraft engine modules, spare parts and used material inventory for trading and to support operations. Inventory is carried at the lower of cost or net realizable value on our balance sheet. Deferred Financing Costs—Costs incurred in connection with obtaining long term financing are capitalized and amortized to interest expense over the term of the underlying loans. Unamortized deferred financing costs of $30.9 million and $43.0 million as of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively, are recorded as a component of debt in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. We also have unamortized deferred revolver fees related to our revolving debt of $5.6 million and $2.4 million as of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively, which are included in Other assets in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Amortization expense was $3.5 million an d $13.7 million for the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and $15.2 million and $17.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and is included in Interest expense in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. Revenues Operating Leases—We lease equipment pursuant to operating leases. Operating leases with fixed rentals and step rentals are recognized on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease, assuming no renewals. Revenue is not recognized when collection is not reasonably assured. When collectability is not reasonably assured, the customer is placed on non-accrual status and revenue is recognized when cash payments are received. Generally, under our aircraft lease and engine agreements, the lessee is required to make periodic maintenance payments calculated based on the lessee’s utilization of the leased asset or at the end of the lease. Typically, under our aircraft lease agreements, the lessee is responsible for maintenance, repairs and other operating expenses throughout the term of the lease. These periodic maintenance payments accumulate over the term of the lease to fund major maintenance events, and we are contractually obligated to return maintenance payments to the lessee up to the cost of maintenance events paid by the lessee. In the event the total cost of maintenance events over the term of a lease is less than the cumulative maintenance payments, we are not required to return any unused or excess maintenance payments to the lessee. Maintenance payments received for which we expect to repay to the lessee are presented as Maintenance Deposits in our Consolidated Balance Sheets. All excess maintenance payments received that we do not expect to repay to the lessee are recorded as Maintenance revenues. Estimates in recognizing revenue include mean time between removal, projected costs for engine maintenance and forecasted utilization of aircraft which are affected by historical usage patterns and overall industry, market and economic conditions. Significant changes to these estimates could have a material effect on the amount of revenue recognized in the period. For purchase and lease back transactions, we account for the transaction as a single arrangement. We allocate the consideration paid based on the relative fair value of the aircraft and lease. The fair value of the lease may include a lease premium or discount, which is recorded as a favorable or unfavorable lease intangible. Finance Leases—From time to time we enter into finance lease arrangements that include a lessee obligation to purchase the leased equipment at the end of the lease term, a bargain purchase option, or provides for minimum lease payments with a present value that equals or exceeds substantially all of the fair value of the leased equipment at the date of lease inception. Net investment in finance leases represents the minimum lease payments due from lessee, net of unearned income. The lease payments are segregated into principal and interest components similar to a loan. Unearned income is recognized on an effective interest method over the lease term and is recorded as finance lease income. The principal component of the lease payment is reflected as a reduction to the net investment in finance leases. Revenue is not recognized when collection is not reasonably assured. When collectability is not reasonably assured, the customer is placed on non-accrual status and revenue is recognized when cash payments are received. Asset sales revenue—Asset sales revenue primarily consists of the transaction price related to the sale of aircraft and aircraft engines from our Aviation Leasing segment. From time to time, the Company may assign the related lease agreements to the customer as part of the sale of these asset s. We routinely sell leasing equipment to customers and such transactions are considered recurring and ordinary in nature to our business. As such, these sales are accounted for within the scope of ASC 606. Revenue is recognized when a performance obligation is satisfied by transferring control over an asset to a customer. Revenue is recorded with corresponding costs of sales, presented on a gross basis in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. See Note 10 for additional information. Aerospace Products revenue—Aerospace Products revenue primarily consists of the transaction price related to the sale of repaired CFM56-7B and CFM56-5B engines, engine modules, spare parts and used material inventory, and are accounted for within the scope of ASC 606. Revenue is recognized when a performance obligation is satisfied by transferring control over the related asset to a customer. Revenue is recorded with corresponding costs of sales, presented on a gross basis in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. Leasing Arrangements—At contract inception, we evaluate whether an arrangement is or contains a lease for which we are the lessee (that is, arrangements which provide us with the right to control a physical asset for a period of time). Operating lease right-of-use (“ROU”) assets and lease liabilities are included in Other assets and Other liabilities in our Consolidated Balance Sheets, respectively. Finance lease ROU assets are recognized in Other assets and lease liabilities are recognized in Other liabilities in our Consolidated Balance Sheets. All lease liabilities are measured at the present value of the unpaid lease payments, discounted using our incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at commencement date of the lease. ROU assets, for both operating and finance leases, are initially measured based on the lease liability, adjusted for prepaid rent and lease incentives. ROU assets are subsequently measured at the carrying amount of the lease liability adjusted for prepaid or accrued lease payments and lease incentives. The finance lease ROU assets are subsequently amortized using the straight-line method. Operating lease expenses are recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. With respect to finance leases, amortization of the ROU asset is presented separately from interest expense related to the finance lease liability. Variable lease payments, which are primarily based on usage, are recognized when the associated activity occurs. We have elected to combine lease and non-lease components for all lease contracts where we are the lessee. Additionally, for arrangements with lease terms of 12 months or less, we do not recognize ROU assets, and lease liabilities and lease payments are recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term with variable lease payments recognized in the period in which the obligation is incurred. Concentration of Credit Risk—We are subject to concentrations of credit risk with respect to amounts due from customers. We attempt to limit our credit risk by performing ongoing credit evaluations and, when deemed necessary, enter into collateral arrangements. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, no customer accounted for more than 10% of total revenue. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, one customer in the Aviation Leasing segment accounted for approximately 14% and 14% of total revenue, respectively. As of September 30, 2022, there were two customers in the Aviation Leasing segment that represented 28% and 12% of total Accounts receivable, net. As of December 31, 2021, Accounts receivable from two customers in the Aviation Leasing segment represented 51% and 18% of total Accounts receivable, net. As of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, no other customers in other segments represented more than 10% of total Accounts receivable, net. We maintain cash balances, which generally exceed federally insured limits, and subject us to credit risk, in high credit quality financial institutions. We monitor the financial condition of these institutions and have not experienced any losses associated with these accounts. Allowance for Doubtful Accounts—We determine the allowance for doubtful accounts based on our assessment of the collectability of our receivables on a customer-by-customer basis. The allowance for doubtful accounts was $55.0 million and $16.9 million as of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively. There was no provision for credit losses and $1.5 million of provision for credit losses for the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. There were provisions for credit losses of $47.1 million and $0.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and is included in Operating expenses in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. Economic sanctions and export controls against Russia and Russia’s aviation industry were imposed due to its invasion of Ukraine during the first quarter of 2022. As a result of the sanctions imposed on Russian airlines, we terminated all lease agreements with Russian airlines during the first quarter of 2022 and recognized approximately $47.1 million in provision for credit losses during the nine months ended September 30, 2022. Our allowance for doubtful accounts at September 30, 2022 includes all accounts receivable exposure to Russian and Ukrainian customers. Comprehensive Income (Loss)—Comprehensive income (loss) is defined as the change in equity of a business enterprise during a period from transactions and other events and circumstances, excluding those resulting from investments by and distributions to owners. Our comprehensive income (loss) represents net income (loss), as presented in the Consolidated Statements of Operations, adjusted for fair value changes for pensions and other postretirement benefits of discontinued operations, and other comprehensive income related to cash flow hedges of our equity method investees of discontinued operations. These changes are also recorded in Accumulated other comprehensive loss in our Consolidated Balance Sheets. The cash flow impact of derivative contracts held by the equity method investees that are not designated as hedging instruments is recognized in Equity in losses (earnings) in unconsolidated entities in our Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, and the cash flow impact of commodity derivatives held by our consolidated subsidiaries is recognized in Change in fair value of non-hedge derivatives in our Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. Other Assets—Other assets is primarily comprised of lease incentives of $35.5 million and $46.9 million, purchase deposits of $28.6 million and $13.7 million, prepaid expenses of $3.5 million and $4.0 million, notes receivable of $56.0 million and $22.4 million, maintenance right assets of $12.4 million and $5.1 million, operating lease right-of-use assets, net of $3.2 million and $3.8 million, and finance leases, net of $7.1 million and $7.6 million as of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively. As a result of the sanctions imposed on Russian airlines, we terminated all lease agreements with Russian airlines and recognized approximately $7.5 million in amortization for the remaining lease incentives during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022. Dividends—Dividends are recorded if and when declared by the Board of Directors. For the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, the Board of Directors declared cash dividends of $0.30 and $0.33 per common share, respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, the Board of Directors declared cash dividends of $0.96 and $0.99 per common share, respectively. Additionally, in the quarters ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, the Board of Directors declared cash dividends on the Series A Preferred Shares, Series B Preferred Shares and Series C Preferred Shares of $0.52, $0.50 and $0.52 per share, respectively. Recent Accounting Pronouncements—In July 2021, the FASB issued ASU 2021-05, Leases (Topic 842): Lessors—Certain Leases with Variable Lease Payments. This ASU requires lessors to classify and account for a lease with variable lease payments that do not depend on a reference index or a rate as an operating lease if (i) the lease would have been classified as a sales-type lease or a direct financing lease under Topic 842 and (ii) the lessor would have otherwise recognized a day-one loss. This standard is effective for all reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2021. We adopted this guidance in the first quarter of 2022, which did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

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- Definition The entire disclosure for all significant accounting policies of the reporting entity. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 235 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 1 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123372394&loc=d3e18726-107790 Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 235 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/topic&trid=2122369 + Details
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