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Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows - USD ($) $ in Thousands | 12 Months Ended
--- | ---
Dec. 31, 2024 | Dec. 31, 2023 | Dec. 31, 2022
Cash flows from operating activities: |  |  |
Net income | $ 541,576 | $ 567,831 | $ 654,776
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: |  |  |
Depreciation and amortization | 586,402 | 565,857 | 544,004
(Gain) loss on sale of depreciable real estate assets | (55,003) | 62 | (214,762)
Gain on sale of non-depreciable real estate assets | 0 | (54) | (809)
Gain on consolidation of third-party development | (11,239) | 0 | 0
Loss (gain) on embedded derivative in preferred shares | 18,751 | (18,528) | 21,107
Stock compensation expense | 15,789 | 15,699 | 18,798
Amortization of debt issuance costs, discounts and premiums | 6,036 | 5,909 | 6,064
(Gain) loss on investments | (7,809) | (4,449) | 45,357
Net change in operating accounts and other operating activities | 3,789 | 4,860 | (16,056)
Net cash provided by operating activities | 1,098,292 | 1,137,187 | 1,058,479
Cash flows from investing activities: |  |  |
Purchases of real estate and other assets | (301,071) | (223,453) | (271,428)
Capital improvements and other | (322,372) | (341,224) | (296,176)
Development costs | (313,888) | (198,152) | (172,124)
Distributions from real estate joint venture | 327 | 312 | 538
Contributions to affiliates | (2,874) | (16,636) | (13,849)
Proceeds from real estate asset dispositions | 84,209 | 2,946 | 320,491
Proceeds from sale of markable equity securities | 9,975 | 0 | 0
Net proceeds from insurance recoveries | 20,195 | 945 | 27,312
Net cash used in investing activities | (825,499) | (775,262) | (405,236)
Cash flows from financing activities: |  |  |
Net (payments of) proceeds from commercial paper | (245,000) | 475,000 | 20,000
Proceeds from notes payable | 1,091,646 | 0 | 0
Principal payments on notes payable | (400,000) | (353,861) | (126,401)
Payment of deferred financing costs | (10,317) | (2) | (5,516)
Distributions to noncontrolling interests | (18,260) | (17,671) | (14,927)
Distributions paid on common units | (686,900) | (651,717) | (539,605)
Distributions paid on preferred units | (3,688) | (3,688) | (3,688)
Proceeds from issuances of common shares | 1,230 | 205,070 | 1,083
Acquisition of noncontrolling interests | 0 | (15,757) | (43,070)
Net change in other financing activities | 166 | (5,279) | (10,646)
Net cash used in financing activities | (271,123) | (367,905) | (722,770)
Net increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash | 1,670 | (5,980) | (69,527)
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of period | 55,091 | 61,071 | 130,598
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of period | 56,761 | 55,091 | 61,071
Reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at period end: |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents | 43,018 | 41,314 | 38,659
Restricted cash | 13,743 | 13,777 | 22,412
Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash | 56,761 | 55,091 | 61,071
Supplemental information: |  |  |
Interest paid | 164,883 | 157,566 | 157,497
Income taxes paid | 3,343 | 4,002 | 3,490
Non-cash transactions: |  |  |
Distributions on common shares/ units declared and accrued | 181,738 | 176,162 | 166,103
Accrued construction in progress | 32,903 | 23,345 | 16,484
Interest capitalized | 17,435 | 12,376 | 8,728
Conversion of OP Units to shares of common stock | 3,529 | 1,092 | 2,118
Limited Partner [Member] |  |  |
Cash flows from operating activities: |  |  |
Net income | 541,576 | 567,831 | 654,776
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: |  |  |
Depreciation and amortization | 586,402 | 565,857 | 544,004
(Gain) loss on sale of depreciable real estate assets | (55,003) | 62 | (214,762)
Gain on sale of non-depreciable real estate assets | 0 | (54) | (809)
Gain on consolidation of third-party development | (11,239) | 0 | 0
Loss (gain) on embedded derivative in preferred shares | 18,751 | (18,528) | 21,107
Stock compensation expense | 15,789 | 15,699 | 18,798
Amortization of debt issuance costs, discounts and premiums | 6,036 | 5,909 | 6,064
(Gain) loss on investments | (7,809) | (4,449) | 45,357
Net change in operating accounts and other operating activities | 3,789 | 4,860 | (16,056)
Net cash provided by operating activities | 1,098,292 | 1,137,187 | 1,058,479
Cash flows from investing activities: |  |  |
Purchases of real estate and other assets | (301,071) | (223,453) | (271,428)
Capital improvements and other | (322,372) | (341,224) | (296,176)
Development costs | (313,888) | (198,152) | (172,124)
Distributions from real estate joint venture | 327 | 312 | 538
Contributions to affiliates | (2,874) | (16,636) | (13,849)
Proceeds from real estate asset dispositions | 84,209 | 2,946 | 320,491
Proceeds from sale of markable equity securities | 9,975 | 0 | 0
Net proceeds from insurance recoveries | 20,195 | 945 | 27,312
Net cash used in investing activities | (825,499) | (775,262) | (405,236)
Cash flows from financing activities: |  |  |
Net (payments of) proceeds from commercial paper | (245,000) | 475,000 | 20,000
Proceeds from notes payable | 1,091,646 | 0 | 0
Principal payments on notes payable | (400,000) | (353,861) | (126,401)
Payment of deferred financing costs | (10,317) | (2) | (5,516)
Distributions paid on common units | (705,160) | (669,388) | (554,532)
Distributions paid on preferred units | (3,688) | (3,688) | (3,688)
Proceeds from issuances of common shares | 1,230 | 205,070 | 1,083
Acquisition of noncontrolling interests | 0 | (15,757) | (43,070)
Net change in other financing activities | 166 | (5,279) | (10,646)
Net cash used in financing activities | (271,123) | (367,905) | (722,770)
Net increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash | 1,670 | (5,980) | (69,527)
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of period | 55,091 | 61,071 | 130,598
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of period | 56,761 | 55,091 | 61,071
Reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at period end: |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents | 43,018 | 41,314 | 38,659
Restricted cash | 13,743 | 13,777 | 22,412
Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash | 56,761 | 55,091 | 61,071
Supplemental information: |  |  |
Interest paid | 164,883 | 157,566 | 157,497
Income taxes paid | 3,343 | 4,002 | 3,490
Non-cash transactions: |  |  |
Distributions on common shares/ units declared and accrued | 181,738 | 176,162 | 166,103
Accrued construction in progress | 32,903 | 23,345 | 16,484
Interest capitalized | $ 17,435 | $ 12,376 | $ 8,728

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