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Business, Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies | 9 Months Ended
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Sep. 30, 2021
Accounting Policies [Abstract] |
Business, Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies | Business, Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies Nature of the Business MasTec, Inc. (collectively with its subsidiaries, “MasTec” or the “Company”) is a leading infrastructure construction company operating mainly throughout North America across a range of industries. The Company’s primary activities include the engineering, building, installation, maintenance and upgrade of communications, energy, utility and other infrastructure, such as: wireless, wireline/fiber and customer fulfillment activities; power generation, primarily from clean energy and renewable sources; pipeline infrastructure; electrical utility transmission and distribution; heavy civil; and industrial infrastructure. MasTec’s customers are primarily in these industries. MasTec reports its results under five reportable segments: (1) Communications; (2) Clean Energy and Infrastructure; (3) Oil and Gas; (4) Electrical Transmission; and (5) Other. See Note 13 - Segments and Related Information. Basis of Presentation The accompanying consolidated financial statements are unaudited and have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“U.S. GAAP”) for interim financial information and with the instructions for Form 10-Q and Rule 10-01 of Regulation S-X. Pursuant to these rules and regulations, certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in the annual audited consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP have been condensed or omitted. The accompanying consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2020 is derived from the Company’s audited financial statements as of that date. Because certain information and footnote disclosures have been condensed or omitted, these consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto as of and for the year ended December 31, 2020 contained in the Company’s 2020 Annual Report on Form 10-K (the “2020 Form 10-K”). In management’s opinion, all normal and recurring adjustments considered necessary for a fair presentation of the financial position, results of operations and cash flows for the periods presented have been included. When necessary, certain prior year amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation. Interim period operating results do not necessarily indicate the results that may be expected for any other interim period or for the full fiscal year. The Company believes that the disclosures made in these consolidated financial statements are adequate to make the information not misleading. Principles of Consolidation The accompanying consolidated financial statements include MasTec, Inc. and its subsidiaries and include the accounts of all majority owned subsidiaries over which the Company exercises control and, when applicable, entities in which the Company has a controlling financial interest. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. Other parties’ interests in entities that MasTec consolidates are reported as non-controlling interests within equity, except for mandatorily redeemable non-controlling interests, which are recorded within other liabilities. Net income or loss attributable to non-controlling interests is reported as a separate line item below net income or loss. The Company applies the equity method of accounting for its investments in entities for which it does not have a controlling financial interest, but over which it has the ability to exert significant influence. See Note 4 - Fair Value of Financial Instruments. For equity investees in which the Company has an undivided interest in the assets, liabilities and profits or losses of an unincorporated entity, but does not exercise control over the entity, the Company consolidates its proportional interest in the accounts of the entity. Translation of Foreign Currencies The assets and liabilities of foreign subsidiaries with a functional currency other than the U.S. dollar are translated into U.S. dollars at period-end exchange rates, with resulting translation gains or losses included within other comprehensive income or loss. Revenue and expenses are translated into U.S. dollars at average rates of exchange during the applicable period. Substantially all of the Company’s foreign operations use their local currency as their functional currency. For foreign operations for which the local currency is not the functional currency, the operation’s non-monetary assets are remeasured into U.S. dollars at historical exchange rates. All other accounts are remeasured at current exchange rates. Gains or losses from remeasurement are included in other income or expense, net. Currency gains or losses resulting from transactions executed in currencies other than the functional currency are included in other income or expense, net. In these consolidated financial statements, “$” means U.S. dollars unless otherwise noted. Management Estimates The preparation of consolidated financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP requires the use of estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. These estimates are based on historical experience and various other assumptions that management believes to be reasonable under the circumstances, including the potential future effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, climate change, and other global and/or macroeconomic trends and events. These estimates form the basis for making judgments about the Company’s operating results and the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. While management believes that such estimates are reasonable when considered in conjunction with the Company’s consolidated financial position and results of operations taken as a whole, actual results could differ materially from these estimates. Key estimates include: the recognition of revenue and project profit or loss, which the Company defines as project revenue, less project costs of revenue, including project-related depreciation, in particular, on construction contracts accounted for under the cost-to-cost method, for which the recorded amounts require estimates of costs to complete and the amount and probability of variable consideration included in the contract transaction price; fair value estimates, including those related to acquisitions, valuations of goodwill, intangible and other assets, acquisition-related contingent consideration and other liabilities, equity investments and other long-lived assets; allowances for credit losses; asset lives used in computing depreciation and amortization; fair values of financial instruments; self-insurance liabilities; other accruals and allowances; income taxes; and the estimated effects of litigation and other contingencies. COVID-19 Pandemic The novel coronavirus (“COVID-19”) pandemic disrupted business activities and significantly affected global economic conditions at the beginning of 2020 and continuing into 2021 as federal, state and local governments imposed restrictions and mitigation measures to contain COVID-19 or slow its spread, including a recently proposed vaccine mandate, resulting in workforce, supply chain and production disruptions and creating significant uncertainties in the U.S. and global economies. While the adverse effects of these restrictions and mitigation measures partially subsided in the United States beginning in the second half of 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic varies by region and the possibility of future restrictions remains, particularly as new variants of COVID-19 arise. As a provider of essential services, all of the Company’s business segments have continued to operate throughout the pandemic, and, where safe and possible, the Company was generally directed by its customers to maintain normal work schedules. The Company’s business model has, thus far, proven resilient, and management continues to adapt to the changing operational and economic environment that has resulted from the COVID-19 pandemic. Management’s top priority has been to take appropriate actions to protect the health and safety of its employees, customers and business partners. The Company has adjusted its standard operating procedures within its business operations to ensure employee and customer safety and is continually monitoring evolving health guidelines and responding to changes as appropriate. The COVID-19 pandemic has had a negative impact on the Company’s operations since 2020 and may continue to affect its future business activities. These impacts include lost productivity from governmental permitting approval delays, reduced crew productivity due to social distancing and other mitigation measures, the health and availability of work crews or other key personnel, including subcontractors, supply chain disruptions and/or delayed project start dates, project shutdowns or cancellations that may be mandated or requested by governmental authorities or others, all of which could result in lower revenue or higher operating costs and/or create lower levels of overhead cost absorption. Several relief measures have been enacted in response to the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, including the Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security Act (the “CARES Act”) and the Coronavirus Response and Relief Supplemental Appropriations Act (the “Coronavirus Relief Act”). The CARES Act permitted deferral and/or reduction of certain federal and payroll tax amounts, certain of which the Company pursued, including the deferral of approximately $59 million of payroll taxes, half of which are due by December 31, 2021, with the remainder due by December 31, 2022. The Company will continue to monitor and evaluate the potential effects, usefulness of, and qualification for, additional COVID-19 relief measures on the Company’s financial position, results of operations and cash flows. Notwithstanding moderation of the COVID-19 pandemic and easing of governmental and other restrictions, the Company may continue to experience negative effects on its business and operations from possible longer-term changes in consumer and customer behavior, and/or from continuing negative economic conditions or from the effects of the recently proposed vaccine mandate. The Company believes that it has taken appropriate steps to mitigate the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on its business; however, the potential effects of the COVID-19 pandemic are uncertain, as they depend upon numerous evolving factors that management may not be able to accurately predict. The availability, acceptance, administration, effectiveness, and the duration of such effectiveness, of vaccines and treatments, along with the length and extent of any continuing economic and market disruptions are unknown, and, therefore, any future impacts on our business, financial condition and/or results of operations cannot be quantified or predicted with specificity. Significant Accounting Policies Revenue Recognition The Company recognizes revenue from contracts with customers under Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 606 (“Topic 606”). Under Topic 606, revenue is recognized when, or as, control of promised goods and services is transferred to customers, and the amount of revenue recognized reflects the consideration to which an entity expects to be entitled in exchange for the goods and services transferred. Revenue is primarily recognized by the Company over time utilizing the cost-to-cost measure of progress, which best depicts the continuous transfer of control of goods or services to the customer, and correspondingly, when performance obligations are satisfied for the related contracts. Contracts. The Company derives revenue primarily from construction projects performed under: (i) master and other service agreements, which provide a menu of available services in a specific geographic territory that are utilized on an as-needed basis, and are typically priced using either a time and materials or a fixed price per unit basis; and (ii) contracts for specific projects requiring the construction and installation of an entire infrastructure system, or specified units within an infrastructure system, which are subject to multiple pricing options, including fixed price, unit price, time and materials, or cost plus a markup. Revenue derived from projects performed under master service and other service agreements totaled 37% and 32% of consolidated revenue for the three month periods ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively, and totaled 35% and 36% for the nine month periods ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively. For certain master service and other service agreements under which the Company performs installation and maintenance services, primarily for install-to-the-home service providers in its Communications segment, revenue is recognized at a point in time. This is generally when the work order has been fulfilled, which is typically the same day the work is initiated. Point in time revenue accounted for approximately 4% of consolidated revenue for both the three month periods ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, and accounted for approximately 4% and 5% of consolidated revenue for the nine month periods ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively. Substantially all of the Company’s other revenue is recognized over time. The total contract transaction price and cost estimation processes used for recognizing revenue over time under the cost-to-cost method is based on the professional knowledge and experience of the Company’s project managers, engineers and financial professionals. Management reviews estimates of total contract transaction price and total project costs on an ongoing basis. Changes in job performance, job conditions and management’s assessment of expected variable consideration are factors that influence estimates of the total contract transaction price, total costs to complete those contracts and the Company’s profit recognition. Changes in these factors could result in revisions to revenue in the period in which the revisions are determined, which could materially affect the Company’s consolidated results of operations for that period. Provisions for losses on uncompleted contracts are recorded in the period in which such losses are determined. For both the nine month periods ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, project profit was affected by less than 5% as a result of changes in contract estimates included in projects that were in process as of December 31, 2020 and 2019. For the three month periods ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, revenue recognized as a result of changes in total contract transaction price estimates, including from variable consideration, from performance obligations satisfied or partially satisfied in prior periods, totaled approximately $5.2 million and $8.8 million, respectively, and for the nine month periods ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, totaled $36.9 million and $11.5 million, respectively. The Company may incur certain costs that can be capitalized, such as initial set-up or mobilization costs. Such capitalized costs, which are amortized over the life of the respective projects, were $1.8 million and $5.5 million as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively. Performance Obligations. A performance obligation is a contractual promise to transfer a distinct good or service to a customer and is the unit of account under Topic 606. The transaction price of a contract is allocated to each distinct performance obligation and recognized as revenue when or as the performance obligation is satisfied. The vast majority of the Company’s performance obligations are completed within one year. Remaining performance obligations represent the amount of unearned transaction prices under contracts for which work is wholly or partially unperformed, including the Company’s share of unearned transaction prices from its proportionately consolidated non-controlled joint ventures. As of September 30, 2021, the amount of the Company’s remaining performance obligations was $4.2 billion. Based on current expectations, the Company anticipates it will recognize approximately $1.3 billion of its remaining performance obligations as revenue during 2021, with the majority of the remaining balance to be recognized in 2022. Variable Consideration. Transaction prices for the Company’s contracts may include variable consideration, which comprises items such as change orders, claims and incentives. Management estimates variable consideration for a performance obligation utilizing estimation methods that it believes best predict the amount of consideration to which the Company will be entitled. Management’s estimates of variable consideration and the determination of whether to include estimated amounts in transaction prices are based largely on engineering studies and legal opinions, past practices with the customer, specific discussions, correspondence or preliminary negotiations with the customer and all other relevant information that is reasonably available at the time of the estimate. To the extent unapproved change orders, claims and other variable consideration reflected in transaction prices are not resolved in the Company’s favor, or to the extent incentives reflected in transaction prices are not earned, there could be reductions in, or reversals of, previously recognized revenue. As of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the Company included approximately $97 million and $51 million, respectively, of change orders and/or claims in transaction prices for certain contracts that were in the process of being resolved in the ordinary course of business, including through negotiation, arbitration and other proceedings. These transaction price adjustments, when earned, are included within contract assets or accounts receivable, net of allowance, as appropriate. As of both September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, these change orders and/or claims related to projects across the Company’s segments. The Company actively engages with its customers to complete the final approval process and generally expects these processes to be completed within one year. Amounts ultimately realized upon final agreement by customers could be higher or lower than such estimated amounts. Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements The discussion below describes the effects of recent accounting pronouncements, as updated from the discussion in the Company’s 2020 Form 10-K. Accounting Pronouncements Adopted in 2021 In December 2019, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2019-12, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes (“ASU 2019-12”), which eliminates certain exceptions to the existing guidance for income taxes related to the approach for intra-period tax allocations, the methodology for calculating income taxes in an interim period and the recognition of deferred tax liabilities for outside basis differences. This ASU also simplifies the accounting for income taxes by clarifying and amending existing guidance related to the effects of enacted changes in tax laws or rates in the effective tax rate computation, the recognition of franchise tax and the evaluation of a step-up in the tax basis of goodwill, among other clarifications. ASU 2019-12, which the Company adopted during the first quarter of 2021, did not have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements. Other Recent Accounting Pronouncements In October 2021, the FASB issued ASU 2021-08, Business Combinations (Topic 805): Accounting for Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities from Contracts with Customers (“ASU 2021-08”) to improve consistency for revenue recognition in the post-acquisition period for acquired contracts as compared to contracts entered into subsequent to acquisition. ASU 2021-08 requires an acquirer to recognize and measure contract assets and contract liabilities acquired in a business combination in accordance with Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, rather than at fair value. ASU 2021-08 is effective for fiscal years, and for interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2022, with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the effect of this ASU on its consolidated financial statements.

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