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Income Taxes
 3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Income Taxes
Note 12. Income Taxes
For the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, we recorded the following provisions for income taxes and effective tax rates as compared to our income before provision for income taxes (in thousands):
Three Months Ended
March 31,
20242023
Income before provision for income taxes$236,159 $51,856 
Provision for income taxes66,611 30,153 
Effective tax rate28.2%58.1%
Our effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 was higher than the U.S. statutory rate primarily due to foreign losses with no associated tax benefit (i.e., full valuation allowance) and an increase in our valuation allowance against certain U.S. federal and state deferred tax assets offset to a lesser extent by tax rate benefits associated with research and development and orphan drug tax credit generations and the foreign derived intangible income deductions.
The effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2024 decreased as compared to the prior year period primarily due to the decrease in foreign losses with no associated tax benefit, and to a lesser extent, the tax effects of unrealized gains on long term investments.
The balance of our unrecognized tax benefits (including penalties and interest) increased by $4.2 million during the three months ended March 31, 2024. This movement was primarily driven by increases related to prior period tax positions of $3.1 million and $1.4 million of interest and penalties. We accrue interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits as a component of its provision for income taxes.
The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development Pillar 2 guidelines, which were supported by over 130 countries worldwide, are designed to impose a 15% global minimum tax on adjusted financial results. Certain aspects of Pillar 2 took effect on January 1, 2024, while other aspects go into effect on January 1, 2025. We are evaluating the potential impact of Pillar 2 on our business, as many of the countries in which we operate are enacting legislation implementing Pillar 2. Although many aspects of Pillar 2 remain to be clarified, at this time there are no material impacts on our effective tax rate