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Investments (Tables) | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2024
Investments [Abstract] |
Schedule of Reconciliation of Cost to Fair Value, Net of Credit Loss Allowance, of Fixed Maturity Securities | The following tables summarize the amortized cost and estimated fair value, net of credit loss allowance, of our fixed maturity securities as of:
|  | December 31, 2024
(in thousands) |  | Amortized cost |  | Gross unrealized gains |  | Gross unrealized losses |  | Estimated fair value
Available-for-sale securities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Corporate debt securities (1) |  | $ | 647,861 |  |  | $ | 4,767 |  |  | $ | 8,685 |  |  | $ | 643,943 |
Collateralized debt obligations |  | 114,142 |  |  | 372 |  |  | 387 |  |  | 114,127 |
Commercial mortgage-backed securities |  | 126,509 |  |  | 1,458 |  |  | 2,985 |  |  | 124,982 |
Residential mortgage-backed securities |  | 150,212 |  |  | 62 |  |  | 16,462 |  |  | 133,812 |
Other debt securities |  | 27,232 |  |  | 147 |  |  | 628 |  |  | 26,751 |
Total available-for-sale securities, net |  | 1,065,956 |  |  | 6,806 |  |  | 29,147 |  |  | 1,043,615 |
Held-to-maturity securities - states & political subdivisions |  | 4,833 |  |  | 101 |  | 0 |  | 4,934 |
Total fixed maturity securities, net |  | $ | 1,070,789 |  |  | $ | 6,907 |  |  | $ | 29,147 |  |  | $ | 1,048,549 |
(1) This includes an estimated fair value of $7.3 million of securities lent under a securities lending agreement.
|  | December 31, 2023
(in thousands) |  | Amortized cost |  | Gross unrealized gains |  | Gross unrealized losses |  | Estimated fair value
Available-for-sale securities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Corporate debt securities |  | $ | 600,639 |  |  | $ | 4,594 |  |  | $ | 16,545 |  |  | $ | 588,688 |
Collateralized debt obligations |  | 114,400 |  |  | 156 |  |  | 2,088 |  |  | 112,468 |
Commercial mortgage-backed securities |  | 106,019 |  |  | 1,410 |  |  | 4,709 |  |  | 102,720 |
Residential mortgage-backed securities |  | 153,633 |  |  | 69 |  |  | 13,647 |  |  | 140,055 |
Other debt securities |  | 17,862 |  |  | 136 |  |  | 688 |  |  | 17,310 |
Total available-for-sale securities, net |  | $ | 992,553 |  |  | $ | 6,365 |  |  | $ | 37,677 |  |  | $ | 961,241 |
Schedule of Amortized Cost and Estimated Fair Value, Net of Credit Loss Allowance, of Fixed Maturity Securities by Remaining Contractual Term to Maturity | The amortized cost and estimated fair value of available-for-sale and held-to-maturity securities at December 31, 2024 are shown below by remaining contractual term to maturity. Expected maturities may differ from contractual maturities because borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties.
|  | December 31, 2024
|  | Amortized |  | Estimated
(in thousands) |  | cost |  | fair value
Available-for-sale securities: |  |  |  |
Due in one year or less |  | $ | 45,052 |  |  | $ | 44,430 |
Due after one year through five years |  | 454,563 |  |  | 451,762 |
Due after five years through ten years |  | 186,208 |  |  | 185,333 |
Due after ten years |  | 380,133 |  |  | 362,090 |
Total available-for-sale securities, net (1) (2) |  | 1,065,956 |  |  | 1,043,615 |
Held-to-maturity securities - due after ten years |  | 4,833 |  |  | 4,934 |
Total fixed maturity securities, net |  | $ | 1,070,789 |  |  | $ | 1,048,549 |
(1) The contractual maturities of our available-for-sale securities are included in the table. However, given our intent to sell certain impaired securities, these securities are classified as current assets in our Consolidated Statement of Financial Position at December 31, 2024. (2) This includes an estimated fair value of $7.3 million of securities lent under a securities lending agreement.
Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities in a Gross Unrealized Loss Position by Length of Time | The below securities have been evaluated for credit impairment using criteria described within Note 2, "Significant Accounting Policies". The gross unrealized losses are primarily attributable to changes in interest rates and are not deemed to be credit-related. We do not have the intent to sell these securities and it is more likely than not that we would not be required to sell these securities before the anticipated recovery of the amortized cost basis. The following tables present available-for-sale securities based on length of time in a gross unrealized loss position as of:
|  | December 31, 2024
|  | Less than 12 months |  | 12 months or longer |  | Total
(dollars in thousands) |  | Fair value |  | Unrealized losses |  | Fair value |  | Unrealized losses |  | Fair value |  | Unrealized losses |  | No. of holdings
Corporate debt securities |  | $ | 197,619 |  |  | $ | 2,486 |  |  | $ | 156,059 |  |  | $ | 6,199 |  |  | $ | 353,678 |  |  | $ | 8,685 |  |  | 567 |
Collateralized debt obligations |  | 33,686 |  |  | 71 |  |  | 11,762 |  |  | 316 |  |  | 45,448 |  |  | 387 |  |  | 77 |
Commercial mortgage-backed securities |  | 28,333 |  |  | 407 |  |  | 24,966 |  |  | 2,578 |  |  | 53,299 |  |  | 2,985 |  |  | 131 |
Residential mortgage-backed securities |  | 38,003 |  |  | 1,289 |  |  | 90,209 |  |  | 15,173 |  |  | 128,212 |  |  | 16,462 |  |  | 169 |
Other debt securities |  | 11,663 |  |  | 150 |  |  | 5,045 |  |  | 478 |  |  | 16,708 |  |  | 628 |  |  | 42 |
Total available-for-sale securities |  | $ | 309,304 |  |  | $ | 4,403 |  |  | $ | 288,041 |  |  | $ | 24,744 |  |  | $ | 597,345 |  |  | $ | 29,147 |  |  | 986 |
Quality breakdown of available-for-sale securities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Investment grade |  | $ | 280,332 |  |  | $ | 3,701 |  |  | $ | 260,480 |  |  | $ | 22,664 |  |  | $ | 540,812 |  |  | $ | 26,365 |  |  | 616 |
Non-investment grade |  | 28,972 |  |  | 702 |  |  | 27,561 |  |  | 2,080 |  |  | 56,533 |  |  | 2,782 |  |  | 370 |
Total available-for-sale securities |  | $ | 309,304 |  |  | $ | 4,403 |  |  | $ | 288,041 |  |  | $ | 24,744 |  |  | $ | 597,345 |  |  | $ | 29,147 |  |  | 986 |
|  | December 31, 2023
|  | Less than 12 months |  | 12 months or longer |  | Total
(dollars in thousands) |  | Fair value |  | Unrealized losses |  | Fair value |  | Unrealized losses |  | Fair value |  | Unrealized losses |  | No. of holdings
Corporate debt securities |  | $ | 50,853 |  |  | $ | 546 |  |  | $ | 338,322 |  |  | $ | 15,999 |  |  | $ | 389,175 |  |  | $ | 16,545 |  |  | 590 |
Collateralized debt obligations |  | 3,911 |  |  | 15 |  |  | 87,005 |  |  | 2,073 |  |  | 90,916 |  |  | 2,088 |  |  | 142 |
Commercial mortgage-backed securities |  | 9,148 |  |  | 157 |  |  | 30,145 |  |  | 4,552 |  |  | 39,293 |  |  | 4,709 |  |  | 108 |
Residential mortgage-backed securities |  | 30,271 |  |  | 297 |  |  | 101,761 |  |  | 13,350 |  |  | 132,032 |  |  | 13,647 |  |  | 164 |
Other debt securities |  | 2,084 |  |  | 62 |  |  | 7,475 |  |  | 626 |  |  | 9,559 |  |  | 688 |  |  | 32 |
Total available-for-sale securities |  | $ | 96,267 |  |  | $ | 1,077 |  |  | $ | 564,708 |  |  | $ | 36,600 |  |  | $ | 660,975 |  |  | $ | 37,677 |  |  | 1,036 |
Quality breakdown of available-for-sale securities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Investment grade |  | $ | 87,774 |  |  | $ | 807 |  |  | $ | 517,090 |  |  | $ | 32,511 |  |  | $ | 604,864 |  |  | $ | 33,318 |  |  | 651 |
Non-investment grade |  | 8,493 |  |  | 270 |  |  | 47,618 |  |  | 4,089 |  |  | 56,111 |  |  | 4,359 |  |  | 385 |
Total available-for-sale securities |  | $ | 96,267 |  |  | $ | 1,077 |  |  | $ | 564,708 |  |  | $ | 36,600 |  |  | $ | 660,975 |  |  | $ | 37,677 |  |  | 1,036 |
Schedule of Allowances for Credit Losses on Fixed Maturity Securities and Financing Receivables | The following tables present a roll-forward of the allowances for credit losses on investments for the years ended December 31:
|  | 2024
(in thousands) |  | Available-for-sale securities |  | Held-to-maturity securities |  | Other loans receivable |  | Agent loans
Balance, beginning of period |  | $ | 597 |  |  | $ | 0 |  |  | $ | 11,081 |  |  | $ | 957 |
Provision and recoveries |  | 484 |  |  | 2,167 |  |  | 1,117 |  |  | 355 |
Sales/collections and write-offs |  | (568) |  |  | 0 |  |  | 0 |  |  | 0 |
Balance, end of period |  | $ | 513 |  |  | $ | 2,167 |  |  | $ | 12,198 |  |  | $ | 1,312 |
|  | 2023
(in thousands) |  | Available-for-sale securities |  | Held-to-maturity securities |  | Other loans receivable |  | Agent loans
Balance, beginning of period |  | $ | 249 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 3,775 |  |  | $ | 957 |
Provision and recoveries |  | 670 |  |  | — |  |  | 7,404 |  |  | 0 |
Sales/collections and write-offs |  | (322) |  |  | — |  |  | (98) |  |  | 0 |
Balance, end of period |  | $ | 597 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 11,081 |  |  | $ | 957 |
Schedule of Investment Income (Loss), Net of Expenses | Investment income (loss), net of expenses, was generated from the following portfolios for the years ended December 31:
(in thousands) |  | 2024 |  | 2023 |  | 2022
Available-for-sale securities |  | $ | 49,605 |  |  | $ | 42,563 |  |  | $ | 31,913 |
Equity securities |  | 4,758 |  |  | 4,493 |  |  | 3,904 |
Limited partnerships (1) |  | 1,971 |  |  | (11,308) |  |  | (10,446) |
Cash equivalents and other |  | 15,461 |  |  | 9,179 |  |  | 4,510 |
Total investment income |  | 71,795 |  |  | 44,927 |  |  | 29,881 |
Less: investment expenses |  | 1,640 |  |  | 355 |  |  | 1,296 |
Net investment income |  | $ | 70,155 |  |  | $ | 44,572 |  |  | $ | 28,585 |
(1) Limited partnership income (losses) include both realized gains (losses) and unrealized valuation changes. Our limited partnership investments are included in the line item "Other assets, net" in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position. We have made no new significant limited partnership commitments since 2006, and the balance of limited partnership investments is expected to decline over time as additional distributions are received.
Schedule of Net Realized and Unrealized Investment (Losses) Gains | Realized and unrealized gains (losses) on investments were as follows for the years ended December 31:
(in thousands) |  | 2024 |  | 2023 |  | 2022
Available-for-sale securities: |  |  |  |  |  |
Gross realized gains |  | $ | 3,415 |  |  | $ | 804 |  |  | $ | 1,169 |
Gross realized losses |  | (5,035) |  |  | (7,523) |  |  | (15,219) |
Net realized losses on available-for-sale securities |  | (1,620) |  |  | (6,719) |  |  | (14,050) |
Equity securities |  | 4,848 |  |  | 871 |  |  | (13,238) |
Miscellaneous |  | 1 |  |  | 10 |  |  | 2 |
Net realized and unrealized investment gains (losses) |  | $ | 3,229 |  |  | $ | (5,838) |  |  | $ | (27,286) |
The portion of net unrealized gains (losses) recognized during the reporting period related to equity securities held at the reporting date is calculated as follows for the years ended December 31:
(in thousands) |  | 2024 |  | 2023 |  | 2022 |  |
Equity securities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net gains (losses) recognized during the period |  | $ | 4,848 |  |  | $ | 871 |  |  | $ | (13,238) |  |  |
Less: net gains (losses) recognized on securities sold |  | 1,213 |  |  | (2,328) |  |  | (1,866) |  |  |
Net unrealized gains (losses) recognized on securities held at reporting date |  | $ | 3,635 |  |  | $ | 3,199 |  |  | $ | (11,372) |  |  |
Schedule of Impairments on Investments | Impairments on investments were as follows for the years ended December 31:
(in thousands) |  | 2024 |  | 2023 |  | 2022
Available-for-sale securities: |  |  |  |  |  |
Intent to sell |  | $ | (299) |  |  | $ | (1,759) |  |  | $ | (167) |
Credit impaired |  | (484) |  |  | (670) |  |  | (500) |
Total available-for-sale securities |  | (783) |  |  | (2,429) |  |  | (667) |
Expected credit losses: |  |  |  |  |  |
Held-to-maturity securities |  | (2,167) |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Agent loans |  | (355) |  |  | 0 |  |  | 0 |
Other loans receivable |  | (819) |  |  | (7,337) |  |  | 0 |
Net impairment losses recognized in earnings |  | $ | (4,124) |  |  | $ | (9,766) |  |  | $ | (667) |

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