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Investments (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2021
Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract]  
Consolidated Investments The Company’s consolidated investments are summarized as follows (in millions):
December 31, 2021
 Amortized CostAllowance for Expected Credit LossesGross Unrealized GainsGross Unrealized LossesFair ValueCarrying Value
Available-for-sale securities
Asset-backed securities$8,516 $(3)$220 $(38)$8,695 $8,695 
Commercial mortgage-backed securities2,684 (2)308 (11)2,979 2,979 
Corporates15,822 — 830 (158)16,494 16,494 
Hybrids838 — 74 — 912 912 
Municipals1,445 — 67 (11)1,501 1,501 
Residential mortgage-backed securities731 (3)(4)731 731 
U.S. Government393 — (2)394 394 
Foreign Governments276 — (1)284 284 
Total available-for-sale securities$30,705 $(8)$1,518 $(225)$31,990 $31,990 
December 31, 2020
 Amortized CostAllowance for Expected Credit LossesGross Unrealized GainsGross Unrealized LossesFair ValueCarrying Value
Available-for-sale securities
Asset-backed securities$5,941 $— $343 $(18)$6,266 $6,266 
Commercial mortgage-backed/asset-backed securities2,490 — 342 (3)2,829 2,829 
Corporates13,582 (16)1,184 (15)14,735 14,735 
Hybrids914 — 80 — 994 994 
Municipals1,333 — 72 (2)1,403 1,403 
Residential mortgage-backed securities806 (3)23 (1)825 825 
U.S. Government332 — 10 — 342 342 
Foreign Governments179 — 14 — 193 193 
Total available-for-sale securities$25,577 $(19)$2,068 $(39)$27,587 $27,587 
Investments Classified by Contractual Maturity Date
The amortized cost and fair value of fixed maturity securities by contractual maturities, as applicable, are shown below. Actual maturities may differ from contractual maturities because issuers may have the right to call or prepay obligations.
December 31, 2021December 31, 2020
(in millions)(in millions)
Amortized Cost Fair ValueAmortized CostFair Value
Corporates, Non-structured Hybrids, Municipal and Government securities:
Due in one year or less$426 $431 $466 $463 
Due after one year through five years2,998 3,051 2,171 2,295 
Due after five years through ten years2,389 2,458 2,116 2,255 
Due after ten years12,930 13,608 11,560 12,624 
18,743 19,548 16,313 17,637 
Other securities, which provide for periodic payments:
Asset-backed securities8,516 8,695 5,941 6,266 
Commercial mortgage-backed securities2,684 2,979 2,490 2,829 
Structured hybrids31 37 27 30 
Residential mortgage-backed securities731 731 806 825 
11,962 12,442 9,264 9,950 
Total fixed maturity available-for-sale securities$30,705 $31,990 $25,577 $27,587 
Activity in Allowance for Credit Loses of Available-for-sale Securities Aggregated by Investment Category
The activity in the allowance for expected credit losses of available-for-sale securities aggregated by investment category was as follows (in millions):

Year Ended December 31, 2021
AdditionsReductions
Balance at Beginning of PeriodFor credit losses on securities for which losses were not previously recordedFor initial credit losses on purchased securities accounted for as PCD financial assets (1)(Additions) reductions in allowance recorded on previously impaired securitiesFor securities sold during the periodFor securities intended/required to be sold prior to recovery of amortized cost basisWrite offs charged against the allowanceRecoveries of amounts previously written offBalance at End of Period
Available-for-sale securities
Asset-backed securities$— $— $(1)$(2)$— $— $— — $(3)
Commercial mortgage-backed securities— (2)— — — — — — — (2)
Corporates(16)— — — — — 
Hybrids— — — — — — — — — 
Residential mortgage-backed securities(3)— — — — — — — (3)
Total available-for-sale securities$(19)$(2)$(1)$$— $— $$$(8)

Year ended December 31, 2020
AdditionsReductions
Balance at Beginning of PeriodFor credit losses on securities for which losses were not previously recordedFor initial credit losses on purchased securities accounted for as PCD financial assets (1)(Additions) reductions in allowance recorded on previously impaired securitiesFor securities sold during the periodFor securities intended/required to be sold prior to recovery of amortized cost basisWrite offs charged against the allowanceBalance at End of Period
Available-for-sale securities
Asset-backed securities$— $$(9)$$— $— $— $— 
Corporates— (16)(16)(16)
Hybrids— — (3)— — — — 
Residential mortgage-backed securities— (7)— — (3)
Total available-for-sale securities$— $(7)$(35)$10 $$$$(19)
(1) Purchased credit deteriorated financial assets ("PCD")
Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Purchased with Credit Deterioration The following table summarizes year to date PCD AFS security purchases (in millions).
Purchased credit-deteriorated available-for-sale debt securitiesDecember 31, 2021December 31, 2020
Purchase price$$265 
Allowance for credit losses at acquisition35 
Discount (or premiums) attributable to other factors— 84 
AFS purchased credit-deteriorated par value$$384 
Fair Value and Gross Unrealized Losses of Available-for-sale Securities
The fair value and gross unrealized losses of available-for-sale securities, excluding securities in an unrealized loss position with an allowance for expected credit loss, aggregated by investment category and duration of fair value below amortized cost were as follows (dollars in millions):
December 31, 2021
Less than 12 months12 months or longerTotal
Fair ValueGross Unrealized
Losses
Fair ValueGross Unrealized
Losses
Fair ValueGross Unrealized
Losses
Available-for-sale securities
Asset-backed securities$4,410 $(31)$146 $(7)$4,556 $(38)
Commercial mortgage-backed securities603 (11)— 604 (11)
Corporates5,391 (132)394 (26)5,785 (158)
Hybrids— — — — 
Municipals410 (5)85 (6)495 (11)
Residential mortgage-backed securities325 (3)11 (1)336 (4)
U.S. Government219 (2)— 223 (2)
Foreign Government82 (1)— 87 (1)
Total available-for-sale securities$11,443 $(185)$646 $(40)$12,089 $(225)
Total number of available-for-sale securities in an unrealized loss position less than twelve months2,056 
Total number of available-for-sale securities in an unrealized loss position twelve months or longer68
Total number of available-for-sale securities in an unrealized loss position 2,124 
December 31, 2020
Less than 12 months12 months or longerTotal
Fair ValueGross Unrealized
Losses
Fair ValueGross Unrealized
Losses
Fair ValueGross Unrealized
Losses
Available-for-sale securities
Asset-backed securities$477 $(18)$— $— $477 $(18)
Commercial mortgage-backed securities51 (3)— — 51 (3)
Corporates$865 $(15)$36 $— $901 $(15)
Hybrids— — — — 
Municipals115 (2)— — 115 (2)
Residential mortgage-backed securities30 (1)— — 30 (1)
U.S. Government11 — — — 11 — 
Total available-for-sale securities$1,550 $(39)$36 $— $1,586 $(39)
Total number of available-for-sale securities in an unrealized loss position less than twelve months222
Total number of available-for-sale securities in an unrealized loss position twelve months or longer11
Total number of available-for-sale securities in an unrealized loss position 233 
Schedule of Distribution of CMLs, Gross Valuation by Property Type and Geographic Region The distribution of CMLs, gross of valuation allowances, by property type and geographic region is reflected in the following tables (dollars in millions):
December 31, 2021December 31, 2020
Gross Carrying Value% of TotalGross Carrying Value% of Total
Property Type:
Hotel$19 %$19 %
Industrial - General497 23 %302 33 %
Mixed Use13 %12 %
Multifamily894 41 %165 18 %
Office343 16 %140 15 %
Retail121 %142 17 %
Other204 %125 14 %
Student Housing83 %— — %
Total commercial mortgage loans, gross of valuation allowance$2,174 100 %$905 100 %
Allowance for expected credit loss(6)(2)
Total commercial mortgage loans$2,168 $903 
U.S. Region:
East North Central$137 %$61 %
East South Central79 %80 %
Middle Atlantic293 13 %100 11 %
Mountain236 11 %48 %
New England149 %79 %
Pacific649 30 %333 37 %
South Atlantic459 21 %133 15 %
West North Central12 %13 %
West South Central160 %58 %
Total commercial mortgage loans, gross of valuation allowance$2,174 100 %$905 100 %
Allowance for expected credit loss(6)(2)
Total commercial mortgage loans$2,168 $903 
Schedule of Investment in Mortgage Loans by Loan to Value and Debt Service Coverage Ratios
The following tables presents the recorded investment in CMLs by LTV and DSC ratio categories and estimated fair value by the indicated loan-to-value ratios (dollars in millions):
Debt-Service Coverage RatiosTotal Amount% of TotalEstimated Fair Value% of Total
>1.251.00 - 1.25<1.00
December 31, 2021
LTV Ratios:
Less than 50%$626 $33 $$668 31 %$745 33 %
50% to 60%470 — — 470 22 481 21 
60% to 75%1,036 — — 1,036 47 1,039 46 
Commercial mortgage loans$2,132 $33 $$2,174 100 %$2,265 100 %
December 31, 2020
LTV Ratios:
Less than 50%$519 $18 $— $537 60 %$557 60 %
50% to 60%237 — 246 27 251 27 
60% to 75%122 — — 122 13 119 13 
Commercial mortgage loans$878 $27 $— $905 100 %$927 100 %
Schedule of Residential Mortgage Loans by State The distribution of RMLs by state with highest-to-lowest concentration are reflected in the following tables (dollars in millions):
December 31, 2021
U.S. State:Unpaid Principal Balance% of Total
Florida$231 15 %
Texas167 10 
New Jersey150 10 
All Other States (1)1,027 65 
Total mortgage loans$1,575 100 %
(1) The individual concentration of each state is less than or equal to 9%.
December 31, 2020
U.S. State:Unpaid Principal Balance% of Total
California$164 15 %
Florida188 16 %
New Jersey96 %
All Other States (1)704 61 %
Total residential mortgage loans$1,152 100 %
(1) The individual concentration of each state is less than 8%.
Schedule of Loans with Credit Quality Indicators, Performing or Nonperforming The credit quality of RMLs was as follows (dollars in millions):
December 31, 2021December 31, 2020
Performance indicators:Carrying Value% of TotalCarrying Value% of Total
Performing$1,533 95 %$1,059 91 %
Non-performing73 106 %
Total residential mortgage loans, gross of valuation allowance$1,606 100 %$1165 100 %
Allowance for expected loan loss(25)— (37)— %
Total residential mortgage loans$1,581 100 %$1128 100 %
Loans Segregated by Risk Rating Exposure
Loans segregated by risk rating exposure were as follows (in millions):
December 31, 2021
Amortized Cost by Origination Year
20212020201920182017PriorTotal
Residential mortgages
Current (less than 30 days past due)$795 $293 $323 $50 $36 $21 $1,518 
30-89 days past due— — 16 
Over 90 days past due23 46 — — 72 
Total residential mortgages$801 $320 $375 $53 $36 $21 $1,606 
Commercial mortgages
Current (less than 30 days past due)$1,301 $543 $— $$— $324 $2,174 
30-89 days past due— — — — — — — 
Over 90 days past due— — — — — — — 
Total commercial mortgages$1,301 $543 $— $$— $324 $2,174 
December 31, 2020
Amortized Cost by Origination Year
20202019201820172016PriorTotal
Residential mortgages
Current (less than 30 days past due)$311 $545 $68 $42 $62 $$1,030 
30-89 days past due22 — — — 26 
Over 90 days past due26 74 — — — 103 
Total residential mortgages$339 $641 $73 $42 $62 $$1,159 
Commercial mortgages
Current (less than 30 days past due)$542 $— $$— $11 $346 $905 
30-89 days past due— — — — — — — 
Over 90 days past due— — — — — — — 
Total commercial mortgage$542 $— $$— $11 $346 $905 
December 31, 2021
Amortized Cost by Origination Year
20212020201920182017PriorTotal
Commercial mortgages
LTV
Less than 50%$120 $229 $— $$— $313 $668 
50% to 60%267 192 — — — 11 470 
60% to 75%914 122 — — — — 1,036 
Total commercial mortgages$1301 $543 $— $$— $324 $2174 
Commercial mortgages
DSCR
Greater than 1.25x$1,301 $543 $— $$— $284 $2,132 
1.00x - 1.25x— — — — 31 33 
Less than 1.00x— — — — — 
Total commercial mortgages$1301 $543 $— $$— $324 $2174 
Schedule of Nonaccrual Loans by Amortized Cost
Non-accrual loans by amortized cost were as follows (in millions):
Amortized cost of loans on non-accrualDecember 31, 2021December 31, 2020
Residential mortgage:$72 $99 
Commercial mortgage:— — 
Total non-accrual loans$72 $99 
Changes in Allowance for Expected Credit Losses on Loans
The allowances for our mortgage loan portfolio is summarized as follows:
Year ended December 31, 2021Seven months ended December 31, 2020
Residential MortgageCommercial MortgageTotalResidential MortgageCommercial MortgageTotal
Beginning Balance$37 $$39 — — — 
Provision for loan losses(12)(8)$30 $$32 
For initial credit losses on purchased loans accounted for as PCD financial assets— — — — 
Ending Balance$25 $$31 $37 $$39 
Schedule of Sources of Net Investment Income Reported
The major sources of Interest and investment income reported on the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Earnings were as follows (in millions):
Year ended
December 31, 2021December 31, 2020December 31, 2019
Fixed maturity securities, available-for-sale$1,267 $708 $70 
Equity securities23 19 10 
Preferred securities63 59 24 
Mortgage loans131 50 — 
Invested cash and short-term investments34 
Limited partnerships589 76 — 
Tax deferred property exchange income16 33 72 
Other investments32 25 19 
Gross investment income2,128 978 229 
Investment expense(167)(78)(4)
Interest and investment income$1,961 $900 $225 
Recognized Gains and Losses, net
Details underlying Recognized gains and losses, net reported on the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Earnings were as follows (in millions):
Year ended
December 31, 2021December 31, 2020December 31, 2019
Net realized gains (losses) on fixed maturity available-for-sale securities$111 $102 $(6)
Net realized/unrealized gains (losses) on equity securities (2)(434)241 309 
Net realized/unrealized gains (losses) on preferred securities (3)(14)15 28 
Realized gains (losses) on other invested assets(25)(13)
Change in allowance for expected credit losses(37)— 
Derivatives and embedded derivatives:
Realized gains on certain derivative instruments456 76 — 
Unrealized gains on certain derivative instruments159 161 — 
Change in fair value of reinsurance related embedded derivatives (1)34 (53)— 
Change in fair value of other derivatives and embedded derivatives— 
Realized gains on derivatives and embedded derivatives655 192 — 
Recognized gains and losses, net$334 $488 $318 
(1) Change in fair value of reinsurance related embedded derivatives is due to activity related to the reinsurance treaties with Kubera (novated from Kubera to Somerset effective October 31, 2021) and Aspida Re.
(2) Includes net valuation (losses) gains of $(436) million, $248 million and $299 million for the years ended December 31, 2021 2020, and 2019 respectively.
(3) Includes net valuation (losses) gains of $(14)million, $(40) million, and $17 million for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019, respectively.
Impact of Adoption of ASU on P&L
Proceeds from Sale of Fixed Maturity Available-for-sale Securities
The proceeds from the sale of fixed-maturity securities and the gross gains and losses associated with those transactions were as follows (in millions):
Year ended
December 31, 2021December 31, 2020December 31, 2019
Proceeds$4,749 $1,946 $614 
Gross gains158 116 
Gross losses(49)(12)(9)
Schedule of Carrying Value and Maximum Loss Exposure, Unconsolidated VIEs
The following table summarizes the carrying value and the maximum loss exposure of our unconsolidated VIEs:
December 31, 2021December 31, 2020
Carrying ValueMaximum Loss ExposureCarrying ValueMaximum Loss Exposure
Investments in unconsolidated affiliates $2,350 $3,496 $1,156 $1,550 
Fixed maturity securities12,382 12,802 9,873 9,513 
Total unconsolidated VIE investments$14,732 $16,298 $11,029 $11,063