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Investments (Tables)
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2022
Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract]  
Consolidated Investments The Company’s consolidated investments at March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021 are summarized as follows (in millions):
March 31, 2022
 Amortized CostAllowance for Expected Credit LossesGross Unrealized GainsGross Unrealized LossesFair ValueCarrying Value
Available-for-sale securities
Asset-backed securities$9,137 $(1)$129 $(207)$9,058 $9,058 
Commercial mortgage-backed securities2,951 (2)170 (67)3,052 3,052 
Corporates16,480 (3)188 (1,124)15,541 15,541 
Hybrids832 — 31 (14)849 849 
Municipals1,444 — 17 (89)1,372 1,372 
Residential mortgage-backed securities801 (5)(39)761 761 
U.S. Government594 — (10)587 587 
Foreign Governments269 — (14)258 258 
Total available-for-sale securities$32,508 $(11)$545 $(1,564)$31,478 $31,478 
December 31, 2021
 Amortized CostAllowance for Expected Credit LossesGross Unrealized GainsGross Unrealized LossesFair ValueCarrying Value
Available-for-sale securities
Asset-backed securities$8,516 $(3)$220 $(38)$8,695 $8,695 
Commercial mortgage-backed/asset-backed securities2,684 (2)308 (11)2,979 2,979 
Corporates15,822 — 830 (158)16,494 16,494 
Hybrids838 — 74 — 912 912 
Municipals1,445 — 67 (11)1,501 1,501 
Residential mortgage-backed securities731 (3)(4)731 731 
U.S. Government393 — (2)394 394 
Foreign Governments276 — (1)284 284 
Total available-for-sale securities$30,705 $(8)$1,518 $(225)$31,990 $31,990 
Investments Classified by Contractual Maturity Date
The amortized cost and fair value of fixed maturity securities by contractual maturities, as applicable, are shown below. Actual maturities may differ from contractual maturities because issuers may have the right to call or prepay obligations.
March 31, 2022December 31, 2021
(in millions)(in millions)
Amortized Cost Fair ValueAmortized Cost Fair Value
Corporates, Non-structured Hybrids, Municipal and Government securities:
Due in one year or less$439 $444 $426 $431 
Due after one year through five years3,320 3,249 2,998 3,051 
Due after five years through ten years2,378 2,295 2,389 2,458 
Due after ten years13,456 12,590 12,930 13,608 
Subtotal19,593 18,578 18,743 19,548 
Other securities which provide for periodic payments:
Asset-backed securities9,137 9,058 8,516 8,695 
Commercial mortgage-backed securities2,951 3,052 2,684 2,979 
Structured hybrids26 29 31 37 
Residential mortgage-backed securities801 761 731 731 
Subtotal12,915 12,900 11,962 12,442 
Total fixed maturity available-for-sale securities$32,508 $31,478 $30,705 $31,990 
Activity in Allowance for Credit Loses of Available-for-sale Securities Aggregated by Investment Category
The activity in the allowance for expected credit losses of AFS securities aggregated by investment category were as follows for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021 (in millions):
Three Months Ended March 31, 2022
AdditionsReductions
Balance at Beginning of PeriodFor credit losses on securities for which losses were not previously recordedFor initial credit losses on purchased securities accounted for as PCD financial assets (1)(Additions) reductions in allowance recorded on previously impaired securitiesFor securities sold during the periodFor securities intended/required to be sold prior to recovery of amortized cost basisWrite-offs charged against the allowanceRecoveries of amounts previously written offBalance at End of Period
Available-for-sale securities
Asset-backed securities$(3)$— $— $— $$— $— — $(1)
Commercial mortgage-backed securities(2)— — — — — — — (2)
Corporates— (3)— — — — — — (3)
Residential mortgage-backed securities(3)— — (2)— — — — (5)
Total available-for-sale securities$(8)$(3)$— $(2)$$— $— $— $(11)

Three Months Ended March 31, 2021
AdditionsReductions
Balance at Beginning of PeriodFor credit losses on securities for which losses were not previously recordedFor initial credit losses on purchased securities accounted for as PCD financial assets (1)(Additions) reductions in allowance recorded on previously impaired securitiesFor securities sold during the periodFor securities intended/required to be sold prior to recovery of amortized cost basisWrite-offs charged against the allowanceRecoveries of amounts previously written offBalance at End of Period
Available-for-sale securities
Commercial mortgage-backed securities$— $(1)$— $— $— $— $— $— $(1)
Corporates(16)— — — — $(3)
Residential mortgage-backed securities(3)— — — — — — — $(3)
Total available-for-sale securities$(19)$(1)$— $$— $— $$$(7)
(1) Purchased credit deteriorated financial assets ("PCD")
Fair Value and Gross Unrealized Losses of Available-for-sale Securities
The fair value and gross unrealized losses of AFS securities, excluding securities in an unrealized loss position with an allowance for expected credit loss, aggregated by investment category and duration of fair value below amortized cost as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021 were as follows (dollars in millions):
March 31, 2022
Less than 12 months12 months or longerTotal
Fair ValueGross Unrealized
Losses
Fair ValueGross Unrealized
Losses
Fair ValueGross Unrealized
Losses
Available-for-sale securities
Asset-backed securities$5,910 $(179)$348 $(28)$6,258 $(207)
Commercial mortgage-backed securities1,205 (62)44 (5)1,249 (67)
Corporates10,103 (817)1,613 (307)11,716 (1,124)
Hybrids407 (14)— 409 (14)
Municipals954 (72)131 (17)1,085 (89)
Residential mortgage-backed securities609 (37)19 (2)628 (39)
U.S. Government327 (9)30 (1)357 (10)
Foreign Government152 (11)12 (3)164 (14)
Total available-for-sale securities$19,667 $(1,201)$2,199 $(363)$21,866 $(1,564)
Total number of available-for-sale securities in an unrealized loss position less than twelve months3,321 
Total number of available-for-sale securities in an unrealized loss position twelve months or longer223
Total number of available-for-sale securities in an unrealized loss position 3,544 
December 31, 2021
Less than 12 months12 months or longerTotal
Fair ValueGross Unrealized
Losses
Fair ValueGross Unrealized
Losses
Fair ValueGross Unrealized
Losses
Available-for-sale securities
Asset-backed securities$4,410 $(31)$146 $(7)$4,556 $(38)
Commercial mortgage-backed securities603 (11)— 604 (11)
Corporates5,391 (132)394 (26)5,785 (158)
Hybrids— — — — 
Municipals410 (5)85 (6)495 (11)
Residential mortgage-backed securities325 (3)11 (1)336 (4)
U.S. Government219 (2)— 223 (2)
Foreign Government82 (1)— 87 (1)
Total available-for-sale securities$11,443 $(185)$646 $(40)$12,089 $(225)
Total number of available-for-sale securities in an unrealized loss position less than twelve months2,056
Total number of available-for-sale securities in an unrealized loss position twelve months or longer68
Total number of available-for-sale securities in an unrealized loss position 2,124 
Schedule of Distribution of CMLs, Gross Valuation by Property Type and Geographic Region The distribution of CMLs, gross of valuation allowances, by property type and geographic region is reflected in the following tables (dollars in millions):
March 31, 2022December 31, 2021
Gross Carrying Value% of TotalGross Carrying Value% of Total
Property Type:
Hotel$19 %$19 %
Industrial - General486 22 %497 23 %
Mixed Use12 %13 %
Multifamily979 43 %894 41 %
Office342 15 %343 16 %
Retail108 %121 %
Student Housing83 %83 %
Other208 %204 %
Total commercial mortgage loans, gross of valuation allowance$2,237 100 %$2,174 100 %
Allowance for expected credit loss(6)(6)
Total commercial mortgage loans$2,231 $2,168 
U.S. Region:
East North Central$134 %$137 %
East South Central76 %79 %
Middle Atlantic293 13 %293 13 %
Mountain289 13 %236 11 %
New England149 %149 %
Pacific648 29 %649 30 %
South Atlantic492 22 %459 21 %
West North Central— %12 %
West South Central152 %160 %
Total commercial mortgage loans, gross of valuation allowance$2,237 100 %$2,174 100 %
Allowance for expected credit loss(6)(6)
Total commercial mortgage loans$2,231 $2,168 
Schedule of Investment in Mortgage Loans by Loan to Value and Debt Service Coverage Ratios
The following table presents the recorded investment in CMLs by LTV and DSC ratio categories and estimated fair value by the indicated loan-to-value ratios at March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021 (dollars in millions):
Debt-Service Coverage RatiosTotal Amount% of TotalEstimated Fair Value% of Total
>1.251.00 - 1.25<1.00
March 31, 2022
LTV Ratios:
Less than 50%$608 $21 $$638 29 %$631 29 %
50% to 60%512 — — 512 23 %494 23 %
60% to 75%1,078 — — 1,078 48 %1,016 47 %
75% to 85%$— $$— $%%
Commercial mortgage loans$2,198 $30 $$2,237 100 %$2,147 100 %
December 31, 2021
LTV Ratios:
Less than 50%$626 $33 $$668 31 %$745 33 %
50% to 60%470 — — 470 22 %481 21 %
60% to 75%1,036 — — 1,036 47 %1,039 46 %
Commercial mortgage loans$2,132 $33 $$2,174 100 %$2,265 100 %
Schedule of Residential Mortgage Loans by State The distribution of RMLs by state with highest-to-lowest concentration are reflected in the following tables (dollars in millions):
March 31, 2022
U.S. State:Gross Carrying Value% of Total
Florida$288 14 %
Texas218 11 %
New Jersey170 %
California141 %
Pennsylvania134 %
New York131 %
Georgia115 %
All Other States (1)813 40 %
Total residential mortgage loans$2,010 100 %
(1) The individual concentration of each state is equal to or less than 5% as of March 31, 2022.

    
December 31, 2021
U.S. State:Gross Carrying Value% of Total
Florida$234 15 %
Texas170 10 %
New Jersey153 10 %
All other states (1)1,047 65 %
Total residential mortgage loans$1,604 100 %
(1) The individual concentration of each state is less than 9% as of December 31, 2021.
Schedule of Loans with Credit Quality Indicators, Performing or Nonperforming The credit quality of RMLs as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, was as follows (dollars in millions):
March 31, 2022December 31, 2021
Performance indicators:Carrying Value% of TotalCarrying Value% of Total
Performing$1,947 97 %$1,533 95 %
Non-performing65 %73 %
Total residential mortgage loans, gross of valuation allowance$2,012 100 %$1,606 100 %
Allowance for expected loan loss(26)— %(25)— %
Total residential mortgage loans$1,986 100 %$1,581 100 %
Loans Segregated by Risk Rating Exposure
Loans segregated by risk rating exposure as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, were as follows (in millions):
March 31, 2022
Amortized Cost by Origination Year
20222021202020192018PriorTotal
Residential mortgages
Current (less than 30 days past due)$377 $916 $264 $276 $38 $48 $1,919 
30-89 days past due— 10 12 — — 28 
Over 90 days past due— 15 45 — 63 
Total residential mortgages$377 $927 $285 $333 $40 $48 $2,010 
Commercial mortgages
Current (less than 30 days past due)$89 $1,301 $543 $— $— $295 $2,228 
30-89 days past due— — — — — 
Over 90 days past due— — — — — — — 
Total commercial mortgages$89 $1,301 $543 $— $— $304 $2,237 

December 31, 2021
Amortized Cost by Origination Year
20212020201920182017PriorTotal
Residential mortgages
Current (less than 30 days past due)$795 $293 $323 $50 $36 $21 $1,518 
30-89 days past due— — 16 
Over 90 days past due23 46 — — 72 
Total residential mortgages$801 $320 $375 $53 $36 $21 $1,606 
Commercial mortgages
Current (less than 30 days past due)$1,301 $543 $— $$— $324 $2,174 
30-89 days past due— — — — — — — 
Over 90 days past due— — — — — — — 
Total commercial mortgage$1,301 $543 $— $$— $324 $2,174 
March 31, 2022
Amortized Cost by Origination Year
20222021202020192018PriorTotal
Commercial mortgages
LTV
Less than 50%$$120 $229 $— $— $285 $638 
50% to 60%43 267 192 — — 10 512 
60% to 75%42 914 122 — — — 1,078 
75% to 85%— — — — — 
Total commercial mortgages$89 $1,301 $543 $— $— $304 $2,237 
Commercial mortgages
DSCR
Greater than 1.25x$89 $1,301 $543 $— $— $265 $2,198 
1.00x - 1.25x— — — — — 30 30 
Less than 1.00x— — — — — 
Total commercial mortgages$89 $1,301 $543 $— $— $304 $2,237 
December 31, 2021
Amortized Cost by Origination Year
20212020201920182017PriorTotal
Commercial mortgages
LTV
Less than 50%$120 $229 $— $$— $313 $668 
50% to 60%267 192 — — — 11 470 
60% to 75%914 122 — — — — 1,036 
Total commercial mortgages$1,301 $543 $— $$— $324 $2,174 
Commercial mortgages
DSCR
Greater than 1.25x$1,301 $543 $— $$— $284 $2,132 
1.00x - 1.25x— — — — 31 33 
Less than 1.00x— — — — — 
Total commercial mortgages$1,301 $543 $— $$— $324 $2,174 
Financing Receivable, Nonaccrual
Non-accrual loans by amortized cost as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, were as follows (in millions):
Amortized cost of loans on non-accrualMarch 31, 2022December 31, 2021
Residential mortgage:$63 $72 
Commercial mortgage:— — 
Total non-accrual loans$63 $72 
Allowance for Expected Credit Losses on Loans Changes in our allowance for expected credit losses on mortgage loans are recognized in Recognized gains and losses, net in the accompanying unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Earnings.
The allowances for our mortgage loan portfolio is summarized as follows (in millions):
Three months ended March 31, 2022
Residential MortgageCommercial MortgageTotal
Beginning Balance$25 $$31 
Provision for loan losses— 
Ending Balance$26 $$32 
Three months ended March 31, 2021
Residential MortgageCommercial MortgageTotal
Beginning Balance$37 $$39 
Provision for loan losses(6)(3)
Ending Balance$31 $$36 
Schedule of Sources of Net Investment Income Reported
The major sources of Interest and investment income reported on the accompanying unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Earnings were as follows (in millions):
Three months ended
March 31, 2022March 31, 2021
Fixed maturity securities, available-for-sale$332 $307 
Equity securities
Preferred securities15 14 
Mortgage loans39 23 
Invested cash and short-term investments— 
Limited partnerships113 80 
Tax deferred property exchange income
Other investments
Gross investment income524 441 
Investment expense(46)(39)
Interest and investment income$478 $402 

Recognized Gains and Losses, net
Details underlying Recognized gains and losses, net reported on the accompanying unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Earnings were as follows (in millions):
Three months ended
March 31, 2022March 31, 2021
Net realized (losses) gains on fixed maturity available-for-sale securities$(36)$40 
Net realized/unrealized losses on equity securities (1)(148)(46)
Net realized/unrealized losses on preferred securities (2)(91)(10)
Realized losses on other invested assets(1)(3)
Change in allowance for expected credit losses(4)10 
Derivatives and embedded derivatives:
Realized gains on certain derivative instruments50 60 
Unrealized losses on certain derivative instruments(358)(35)
Change in fair value of reinsurance related embedded derivatives (3)122 27 
Change in fair value of other derivatives and embedded derivatives(3)— 
Realized gains (losses) on derivatives and embedded derivatives(189)52 
Recognized gains and losses, net$(469)$43 
(1) Includes net valuation losses of $166 million and and $46 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.
(2) Includes net valuation losses of $90 million and $3 million for the three months ended March 21, 2022 and 2021, respectively.
(3) Change in fair value of reinsurance related embedded derivatives is due to activity related to the reinsurance treaties with Kubera (novated from Kubera to Sommerset effective October 31, 2021) and Aspida Re.
Proceeds from Sale of Fixed Maturity Available-for-sale Securities
The proceeds from the sale of fixed-maturity securities and the gross gains and losses associated with those transactions were as follows (in millions):
Three months ended
March 31, 2022March 31, 2021
Proceeds$1,032 $424 
Gross gains32 
Gross losses(37)(8)
Schedule of Carrying Value and Maximum Loss Exposure, Unconsolidated VIEs
The following table summarizes the carrying value and the maximum loss exposure of our unconsolidated VIEs as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021.
March 31, 2022December 31, 2021
Carrying ValueMaximum Loss ExposureCarrying ValueMaximum Loss Exposure
Investment in limited partnerships$2,675 $3,751 $2,350 $3,496 
Fixed maturity securities12,849 13,591 12,382 12,802 
Total unconsolidated VIE investments$15,524 $17,342 $14,732 $16,298